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Journal articles on the topic 'Informational entities'
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Shipova, Ekaterina. "Informational support of the quality of medical services provided by business entities." Bulletin of the South Ural State University series "Law" 19, no. 4 (2019): 111–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.14529/law190419.
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del Moral, Raquel, Jorge Navarro, and Pedro C. Marijuán. "On being informational: intertwining the communication and self-production flows." Kybernetes 43, no. 6 (May 27, 2014): 846–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/k-06-2013-0119.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to advocate a change of perspective in the development of information science. At stake is whether this science will be able to make sense of both the astounding new practices in the world of knowledge and the even more astounding social transformations that revolve around information technologies. Tentatively a new way of thinking could be articulated along the guidelines herein discussed. An initial and important aspect concerns the definition of information itself. Rather than continuing with the endless discussions on what is information, it will be proposed, first, that information is indefinable per se; and second, that a consensus notion(s) might be established on how information should be handled in the core fields – or at least in the analysis of some prototypical “informational entities”. Design/methodology/approach – The research strategy proposed, naturalistic and empirically oriented, is based on the intertwining of self-production and communication flows as fundamental characteristics of informational entities – about “being in the world” in the informational way. Living cells, organisms (nervous systems), individuals, enterprises-markets, and societies would manifest these characteristics. In all of these existential realms, it is the collective action of communicating, self-producing agents or entities (“informational” ones, for short), connected in multiple, flexible ways, what makes possible the unfathomable complexity and adaptability emerging at all functional scales. Findings – Along this new perspective, meaning, knowledge, and intelligence may be approached rather consistently. The new conceptualizations may also be linked with the information revolution and the extraordinary expansion of knowledge in the times; a parallel with the knowledge-fundamentals of biological complexity will be suggested. Originality/value – Among the many problems to tackle for a renewed information science, a relevant matter concerns the way to organize the dialogue among so many different disciplinary perspectives dealing with information: it becomes an open question, indeed.
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Columbano, Claudio, Lucia Biondi, and Enrico Bracci. "Properties of accrual accounts in public sector entities: evidence from the Italian National Health Service." Journal of Public Budgeting, Accounting & Financial Management 35, no. 6 (December 1, 2023): 240–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jpbafm-06-2023-0101.
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PurposeThis paper aims to contribute to the debate over the desirability of introducing an accrual-based accounting system in the public sector by examining whether accrual-based accounting information is superior to cash-based information in the context of public sector entities.Design/methodology/approachThis paper applies a quantitative research method to assess the degree of smoothness and relevance of the accrual components of income recorded by 302 entities of the Italian National Health Service (INHS) over the period 2014–2020.FindingsThe analysis reveals that net income is smoother than cash flows as a summary measure of economic results and that accounting for accruals improves the predictability of future cash flows. However, the authors' novel disaggregation of accrual accounts reveals that those accounts that contribute the most to making income smoother than cash flows – noncurrent assets and liabilities – are also those that contribute the least to predicting future cash flows.Originality/valueThe disaggregation of accrual accounts allows to identify the sources of the informational benefits of accrual accounting, and to document the existence of an informational “trade-off” between smoothness and relevance in the context of public sector entities.
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Maury, C. P. J. "Self-Propagating β-Sheet Polypeptide Structures as Prebiotic Informational Molecular Entities: The Amyloid World." Origins of Life and Evolution of Biospheres 39, no. 2 (March 20, 2009): 141–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11084-009-9165-6.
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Polishchuk, Elena, Irina Pavlenko, Anastasiya Ostovskaya, and Oksana Trilitskaya. "Index Evaluation of Informational Sphere Development in the Republic of Crimea." Regionalnaya ekonomika. Yug Rossii, no. 1 (April 2022): 181–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/re.volsu.2022.1.17.
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The article focuses on the approach to index evaluation methodology measuring informational sphere development of a federal entity of the Russian Federation using as the example the Republic of Crimea. The key stages of the suggested technique include the calculation of the scale of the differences as per the regional index of the informational sphere development in the selected microregions as well as the specificity of their development (central, southern, northern, western and eastern) microregions; classification of the microregions of the republic with regard to average regional development index of informational sphere. Thus, the microregions were classified into three basic types: areas with highly developed (central and eastern) information sphere; moderately developed (western and southern) areas; areas with poorly developed (northern) informational sphere. During the research it was revealed that the methodology of index evaluation of the information sphere development allows designing scenarios of digital economy and information sphere development while taking into consideration the changes in social and economic environment in the region. The advantages of methodology are as follows: 1) few statistical data and information accessibility; 2) simple calculations of average values of the indices and of the development index of regional informational sphere; 3) simplicity of result interpretation. The suggested classification can be recommended for the development of programs of digital economy and informational sphere development not only for the Republic of Crimea, but also other federal entities of the Russian Federation for an efficient use of a set of key measures.
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Kalyagin, Yu S. "Role of Informational and Psychological Space in Shaping Attitudes toward Legal Institution of Promoting Citizens to Law Enforcement Authorities." Psychological-Educational Studies 6, no. 3 (2014): 114–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/psyedu.2014060312.
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An attempt was made to consider the attitudes of society to the institution of citizens' facilitating to law enforcement agencies and the role of informational and psychological space in the process. We disclosed the legal content and legal basis for the promotion of citizens to entities of operative-search activity. We considered an individual sense of justice from the perspective of legal psychology. We proposed and justified the direction of overcoming the imbalance between the need to counter the criminal phenomena in society and in the presence of a modern information-psychological space factors, neutralizing said reaction. We demonstrate the influence of informational and psychological space to legal attitudes. We presented the results of an empirical study of some elements of justice in students studying psychology and law. The learning process in various specialties is considered as one of the most important elements of informational and psychological space, which has a significant impact on the behavioral attitudes of students in the context of this legal institution.
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Ciuhureanu, Alina. "General Accounting – Obligation or Information Needed in the Current Economic Context." Land Forces Academy Review 23, no. 3 (September 1, 2018): 225–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/raft-2018-0027.
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Abstract General accounting generates information that, when processed and analyzed, is designed to contribute to the development of the entity, to substantiate decisions, to achieve management functions. Thus, general accounting is not a purpose in itself, is not just “something to be done deriving from regulations” but is useful, providing the working language within organizations. Based on these considerations, the main opportunities offered to the users of the information provided through the general accounting were synthesized, even in the light of the standardization imposed by the regulations, and in this context there are evidenced situations of favorable reporting to the entities and their effects. Is general accounting an obligation or an informational necessity? In our opinion, we consider that the informational need is obvious, the managerial decisions or those adopted by the external users having, in most situations, financial effects reflected in the mandatory reports. Thus, general accounting becomes a key factor in making decisions in the current economic context. The research also focused on the analysis of the opportunity to provide accounting information, a survey carried out on a sample of 301 entities in the Central Region.
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GAISEANU, Florin. "Information: From Cognitive-Sentient Exploration of Reality to Predictive Big Data Assisted Informational Era." Romanian Journal of Information Science and Technology 2023, no. 1 (March 24, 2023): 78–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.59277/romjist.2023.1.06.
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In this article it is shown that information is a concept not only useful and used for the communication systems and data operation, but also for the understanding of the matter non-living and living structuration. On this basis it is described the Informational Model of Consciousness and the functions and operability of the Informational System of the Human Body, allowing to define and understand the Cognitive-Sentient Exploration of Reality used as a tool by our predecessors to create some archaic models of the universe and human, remained up to date as references from philosophic point of view, and still operating nowadays in the creative sciences and arts fields in our informational era. Introducing the concept of information-related matter, it was possible to explain the informational processes in human body and eukaryotic/prokaryotic cells, the basic units of life, and to show that in the living entities an informational system operating similarly with that of the human can be identified and defined as Informational System of the Living Structures. The predictive properties of the Cognitive-Sentient Exploration of Reality is nowadays assisted by the predictive big data analysis, helping in various scientific domains where a high quantity of data was accumulated, including in the bioengineering field and human health, particularly for the prediction of the evolution of COVID-19 cases in the world, with examples for Romania, Spain and USA. Multiple applications involving artificial intelligence and the informational models of human and living structures for a healthy society are mentioned, in particular in neurosciences, biosciences and bioengineering. The priority of the Romanian concepts on information and the important contribution of the Romanian informational science oriented to understand the brain functions/operability and applications in biomedical field is highlighted.
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Borza, Horațiu Vasile, Ionuț Călin Căzan, and Smaranda Adina Cosma. "Adaptive Facebook Communication of Orthodox Entities in Covid-19 Context." Studia Universitatis Babeș-Bolyai Negotia 68, no. 1 (March 31, 2023): 31–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/subbnegotia.2023.1.02.
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"A generalized migration of the consumers to digital channels was observed during the COVID-19 pandemic situation. In this context, the purpose of the research was to analyze the online options the consumer of religious services had and the way Church adapted its communication at the new circumstances. Questions regarding the intensity of communication, posts’ type or frequency, and reactions were investigated through a longitudinal retrospective study focused on Facebook platform. More than 6,150 posts and 1.6 million reactions were included. Distinctive profiles were observed: monasteries vs. urban parishes vs. rural ones. The study suggests that the pattern of consumers’ reactions was influenced by the type of the posts. The impact that online messages have, advocates for a professional approach or support in communication. The results may serve as informational input for a future unitary communication strategy of religious entities. Keywords: religious communication, adaptive communication, Facebook, Orthodox, COVID-19 JEL Classification: M31, Z12, O33 "
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Putra, Anugrah Dwiatmaja, and Abba Suganda Girsang. "Analysis of named-entity effect on text classification of traffic accident data using machine learning." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 25, no. 3 (March 1, 2022): 1672. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v25.i3.pp1672-1678.
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<span lang="EN-US">With the rising number of accidents in Indonesia, it is still necessary to evaluate and analyze accident data. The categorization of traffic accident data has been developed using word embedding, however additional work is needed to achieve better results. Several informative named entities are frequently sufficient to differentiate whether or not information on a traffic accident exists. Named-entities are informational characteristics that can offer details about a text. The influence of named-entities on thematic text categorization is examined in this paper. The information was collected using a Twitter social media crawl. Preprocessing is done at the beginning of the process to modify and delete useful text as well as label specified entities. On Support Vector Machine (SVM), scheme comparisons were performed for (i) Word Embedding, (ii) the number of occurrences of Named Entities, and (iii) the combination of the two is known as a Hybrid. The Hybrid scheme produced an improvement in classification accuracy of 90.27 percent when compared to Word Embedding scheme and occurrences of named entities scheme, according to tests conducted using 1.885 data consisting of 788 accident data and 1.067 non-accident data.</span>
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Cosmulese, Cristina Gabriela, Marian Socoliuc, Marius-Sorin Ciubotariu, Veronica Grosu, and Dorel Mateş. "Empirical Study on the Impact of Evaluation of Intangible Assets on the Market Value of the Listed Companies." E+M Ekonomie a Management 24, no. 1 (March 2021): 84–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.15240/tul/001/2021-1-006.
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The accelerated pace of economic development, the digital revolution and the internationalization of business has meant for some entities the creation or acquisition of intangible assets (IA), which have become increasingly important for the economic prosperity and for determining the global value of a company, also becoming an important incentive in creating added value. The aim of this paper is focused on analyzing the impact of internally generated intangible assets on the market value of the companies. In order to achieve this aim, we conducted an empirical study involving a sample of 180 NASDAQ and NYSE listed entities between 2007 and 2016. The sample has obtained by applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria on the 500 large-capitalization companies (S&P 500 Index). Making use of regressive techniques, the authors undertook an econometrical model to test whether the impact of intangible assets on the market value of the entities increases when are provided complete, clear and easy-to-understand accounting information about the intangible assets value, which aid business to properly estimate corporate value ratio and reduce implicit bias, due to mainly taking into account those reported values when measuring an entity’s value. The results revealed an impact of the value of the reported and unreported IA on the market value of the entities, for manufacturing companies relative to service companies, which generates an added value on the capital market and implicates a close linkage of disclosure compliance and the associated industry sector. The proposed model can be an inspiration for the legislator to change the structure of financial reporting, or anticipated a valuable informational source for increasing the quality of integrated reporting of economic entities.
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Zharova, Liubov V., and Ievgen V. Khlobystov. "Informational Technologies as a Tool for Local Level Sustainable Development Goals Implementation." Mechanism of an Economic Regulation 2021, no. 2 (2021): 5–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.21272/mer.2021.92.01.
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The research represents the interdisciplinary approach for sustainable development of local communities through the implementation latest innovative approaches and closing the gaps by modern technological possibilities. The paper proposes methodological approaches for informational and analytical support for decision-making on sustainable development of local territorial entities (for example, united territorial communities, BTSEE). It is emphasized that the climate change forecast must be implemented to local, territorial development strategies. The central hypothesis of this research is that the competitiveness and efficiency of economic development local communities can be reached in the framework of combating climate changes with the implementation of information technologies on all steps – from planning until realization. It emphasized that the climate change forecast must be implemented to local, territorial development strategies. The way of implementation is that the territorial development strategies take into account changes in the functional purpose of the territories and determine the directions of prospective activity, taking into account changes in agro-climatic and infrastructural conditions of development. For this purpose, it is proposed to create a complex of information and analytical support for the sustainable development of local, territorial entities. The permissible value of the reverse subsidy, according to our calculations, should be no more than 25 %. It was demonstrated that it is possible to enable the sustainable development of financially capable communities if a flexible, financially based approach is used to determine the reverse subsidy's amount. Implementing the proposed mechanisms for the sustainable development of the BTSEE involves active consultation with local leaders and government representatives in charge of government decentralization.
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Dukiewicz, Tomasz. "Information in the aspect of security threats and challenges." Studia nad Autorytaryzmem i Totalitaryzmem 41, no. 1 (April 17, 2019): 83–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.19195/2300-7249.41.1.5.
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INFORMATION IN THE ASPECT OF SECURITY THREATS AND CHALLENGESIn the article, the author describes the driving force behind deliberate informational activities. He pays particular attention to the current security situation in the information dimension. Existing systems in the area of security management should be resistant to disinformation and informational operations. There is no room for the freedom of interpretation of the information acquired since every decision results in the actions of people, therefore it requires accuracy and caution. This issue takes on a special dimension when it concerns the state, because this environment contains specific features such as a changing environment, time scarcity and often verified information. Only efficient management of information processes can have a positive impact on the development and elimination of state threats. Actions involving psychological or informational influence may also be carried out by other entities, state-owned, non-state and private, including those located on their own territory. First and foremost, our security depends on ourselves and by taking it into special consideration we also increase the state’s resilience to internal and external threats.
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Bychkova, Svetlana, Svetlana Bychkova, Elena Zhidkova, Elena Zhidkova, Dmitrii Eliashev, and Dmitrii Eliashev. "Informational support as an element of state control of agriculture." Foods and Raw Materials 6, no. 2 (December 20, 2018): 467–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.21603/2308-4057-2018-2-467-473.
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This article substantiates the importance of informational support in the agricultural sector for controlling authorities and for agro-industrial organisations in enhancing their monitoring and competitive strategies. It identifies specific features of the agricultural sector that determine its needs for information, namely its dependence on climatic conditions and the state of natural resources available to economic entities, a large territorial expanse, the location of major production facilities in rural areas, the development of interregional and international contacts, and an active growth of agricultural exports. By studying the current regulatory and legal database of the Russian Federation, the authors established the regulatory framework of a state information system and identified its key data groups. Finally, the paper looks at those information resources which were created by the federal authorities and regional bodies in the Northwestern and Siberian Federal Districts, reflecting the tasks of state informational support in agriculture.
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MASKO, L., and P. PANKOU. "THE CONTROL OF ECOLOGY-ECONOMIC INDICATORS OF BUSINESS ENTITIES ACTIVITY." Vestnik of Polotsk State University Part D Economic and legal sciences 62, no. 12 (November 14, 2022): 52–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.52928/2070-1632-2022-62-12-52-58.
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The research is devoted to the problem of control the environmental component of the company’s activities and considers effectiveness control on environmental issues, problems of selecting key indicators corresponding to the goals of sustainable development and presentation them in a single reporting form. In particular, have been considered various forms of control and special attention have been paid for the effectiveness control of the environmental component. In this regard have been proposed the conceptual framework for identifying ecology-economic indicators appropriate to the goals of sustainable development. Also the proposed criteria for assigning activities to certain risk category will contribute to the identification of risk in the process of environmental issues control. In order to increase transparency of disclosed information has been conducted study of current state of informational and analytical support for the control of ecology-economic indicators in Belarus. The developed appendix to the financial statements “Environmental Report” will help to establish the importance of environmental issues in the organization’s activities when monitoring environmental and economic indicators, improve the effectiveness of control measures in the field of nature protection and prevention of damage caused to the environment by previous activities.
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Maury, Carl Peter J. "Amyloid and the origin of life: self-replicating catalytic amyloids as prebiotic informational and protometabolic entities." Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences 75, no. 9 (March 17, 2018): 1499–507. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00018-018-2797-9.
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Schroeder, Marcin J. "Equivalence, (Crypto) Morphism and Other Theoretical Tools for the Study of Information." Proceedings 47, no. 1 (May 8, 2020): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2020047012.
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The meaning of information can be understood as a relationship between information systems. This study presents a brief outline of theoretical tools for the analysis of this relationship. Considering the informational character of reality, it is natural to extend the relationships between signs to include the concept of meaning as another instance of a relation between the informational entities of a sign and its denotation. However, this approach to the semantics of information does not require any specific ontological commitment, as the intention is always directed towards the object presented to us as a structural manifestation of information. Whether there is something that differs from this informational structure and is beyond our capacity to comprehend directly, or whether there are objects that are the result of our own active engagement in their formation, is a matter of ontological position, with respect to which our approach is neutral. The experience of logic tells us about the dangers of self-reference and the problem of the non-definability of the truth, demonstrated by Tarski. To avoid similar problems, we need precise theoretical tools to analyze relationships between information systems and between instances of information involved in semantics. These tools are also necessary for the definition and analysis of levels of informational abstraction that extend beyond the traditional linguistic and logical context.
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Schroeder, Marcin J. "Equivalence, (Crypto) Morphism and Other Theoretical Tools for the Study of Information." Proceedings 47, no. 1 (May 8, 2020): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/proceedings47010012.
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The meaning of information can be understood as a relationship between information systems. This study presents a brief outline of theoretical tools for the analysis of this relationship. Considering the informational character of reality, it is natural to extend the relationships between signs to include the concept of meaning as another instance of a relation between the informational entities of a sign and its denotation. However, this approach to the semantics of information does not require any specific ontological commitment, as the intention is always directed towards the object presented to us as a structural manifestation of information. Whether there is something that differs from this informational structure and is beyond our capacity to comprehend directly, or whether there are objects that are the result of our own active engagement in their formation, is a matter of ontological position, with respect to which our approach is neutral. The experience of logic tells us about the dangers of self-reference and the problem of the non-definability of the truth, demonstrated by Tarski. To avoid similar problems, we need precise theoretical tools to analyze relationships between information systems and between instances of information involved in semantics. These tools are also necessary for the definition and analysis of levels of informational abstraction that extend beyond the traditional linguistic and logical context.
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Korolyuk, Elena Vladislavovna, Alklych Magomedovich Alklychev, Svetlana Viktorovna Solonina, Kobilzhon Hodzhievich Zoidov, and Zafar Kobiilzhonovich Zoidov. "METHODICAL APPROACHES TO THE FORMATION OF ACCOUNTING AND ANALYTICAL PROVIDING OF ECONOMIC SAFETY OF BUSINESS ENTITIES." TEST ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 82, no. 1-2 (2020): 2219–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.33051/0193-4120-2020-82-1-2-2219-2225.
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Lately there are more and more investigations dedicated to economic safety of business entities, though methodical approaches connected with its accounting and analytical providing are not attended enough. Therefore, the goal was set – to deepen the knowledge about methodical approaches to the forming of accounting and analytical providing of economic security of business entities. To reach this goal the authors clarified the term “accounting and analytical providing of economic security of business entities”, revealed the basic elements, comprising it, functions and methodology of accounting and analytical providing the economic safety of business entities, and developed the conceptual model, where considered the purpose, object, subject and methodology of managing the economic safety of business entity, and also the influence of the surrounding area, different threats of financial, staff, resource and production, informational and other components of economic safety (of outer and inner nature). The term given by the authors and the conceptual model of accounting and analytical providing of economic safety of business entities developed by them, do not pretend on absolute fullness of characteristics of all the aspects and connection between the components of accounting and analytical providing of economic safety of business entities. However, they give the input in further development of theoretical ideas about the essence of the given category and the connection between its components.
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Татар, М. С. "ІДЕНТИФІКАЦІЯ ТА КЛАСИФІКАЦІЯ ГЛОБАЛЬНИХ ВИКЛИКІВ." TIME DESCRIPTION OF ECONOMIC REFORMS, no. 3 (November 10, 2020): 36–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.32620/cher.2020.3.04.
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Global challenges complex affect the system of international relations, interstate relations, the nature of interaction between economic entities within the state and between economic entities of different states, requiring a radical transformation and modification of the modern global system and the actions of its actors. The aim of the research is to identification, classification of global challenges by strength of impact and probability of occurrence to further determine their impact on the economic entities behavior and the formation of relationships between them. The subject of the research is the global challenges, the strength of their impact and the probability of occurrence and change in time. The methods of the research: logical-substantive method, method of comparison, methods of induction and deduction, analysis and synthesis. The hypothesis of the research. There is a need to identify and classify global challenges to further determination of their impact on the nature of behavior and the system of relationships of economic entities in the context of global challenges. The statement of basic materials. The concepts of global challenge, global problem, global risk, global crisis, global catastrophe are considered. It is proposed to consider the global challenge as a situation facing a large number of people who are not able to solve it on their own in an adequate time and they need to join efforts to solve it, which can create a global threat that will result in global problems, risks, crises and catastrophes, and be an incentive for global positive change. The classification of global challenges is proposed, which includes geopolitical, social, economic, biological, demographic, climatic, technological, informational, cultural. The originality and practical significance of the research lies in the systematic classification of global challenges in order to further determination of the impact of each group of global challenges on changes in both interstate relations and the nature of interaction between individual entities. Conclusions and perspectives of further research. The proposed by the author classification of global challenges on the basis of the annotated critical analysis of scientific literature, which is presented by 7 groups of global challenges such as geopolitical, social, economic, biological, demographic, climatic, technological, informational, cultural – will be the basis for global challenges impact determining on the nature of behavior and the system of relationships of economic entities in the context of global challenges.
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Kovaliv, Myroslav, Serhii Yesimov, Ruslan Skrynkovskyy, Ivan Krasnytskyi, Yuriy Mazur, Pavlo Harasym, and Sviatoslav Kniaz. "Features of Legal Relations that Arise on the Internet." Path of Science 7, no. 3 (March 31, 2021): 1001–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.22178/pos.68-4.
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Based on the methodology of system analysis, the article examines the features of legal relations that arise on the Internet. It is defined that Internet legal relations are legally regulated public relations under the state's protection, which arise based on digital technologies in cyberspace. It is stated that there are many entities on the Internet which can be grouped into: technical entities, people responsible for the functioning of the Internet; individual subjects and users; collective subjects, among which are the governmental entities, which provide legal regulation of relations on the Internet, policy development and implementation; non-governmental entities - business; civil society, stakeholders in the expansion of the Internet and infrastructure development; international organizations that coordinate issues, develop technical and legal standards related to the Internet. The legal personality of the subjects of Internet relations is described. It is noted that the subjects exercise the rights that are aimed at certain interest groups: services, goods, information. The specifics of the Internet legal relations are that the rules of administrative, informational, civil, criminal law, etc. will be applied, depending on the object to which the subjects' interests are directed.
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Khorunzhak, Nadiia, Oleksandra Karmaza, Mykola Kurylo, and Hikmat Javadov. "The concept of distribution of powers among accounting entities considering modernization strategy in the public sector of Ukraine." Problems and Perspectives in Management 16, no. 1 (February 14, 2018): 96–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ppm.16(1).2018.09.
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Reformation of accounting in the public sector of Ukraine, which was aimed at adapting to the international standard requirements, led to some inconsistencies related to the division of powers of its subjects. In this regard, it became relevant to study not only the methodology transformation, but also to optimize the powers of accounting subjects. Avoiding duplication of functions will harmonize the accounting system, simplify the mechanisms of data formation and increase the effectiveness of making managerial decisions. The application of the approaches for differentiating the powers of the subjects of accounting and the links between them will improve the quality and informational outgoing credentials, which are subsequently used in making managerial decisions. The study results can serve as the basis for developing a comprehensive information management system for public sector entities aimed at improving their performance.
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Petrova, N. O. "Monitoring functions of the state aid to business entities." Uzhhorod National University Herald. Series: Law, no. 64 (August 14, 2021): 255–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.24144/2307-3322.2021.64.47.
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The article considers various functions, systems of functions of both administrative law and individual elements of management in various fields. The characteristic functions of monitoring state aid to economic entities as a unique, special element of management have been studied. The relevance of the research is due to the need to approximate domestic legislation in the field of monitoring and control of state aid to the acquis of the European Union (hereinafter - the EU), taking into account the reform processes in administrative law, European integration of Ukraine and obligations under the Association Agreement with Ukraine (hereinafter - Agreement). Given the small number of modern legal theoretical developments in this area, the task of the article is to specify and formu-late the essence of the functions of monitoring state aid to economic entities. An analysis of different approaches to determining the nature of monitoring functions in different areas. Peculiarities of monitoring functions in state aid to business entities in Ukraine have been identified. The importance of determining the functions of monitoring carried out by the subject of public administration - the authorized body in the field of state aid - the Antimonopoly Committee of Ukraine. It is established that the monitoring of state aid to economic entities is closely related to control and is its form, and is an informative foundation, which is formed through a system of continuous mon-itoring, information collection, accumulation, analysis and monitoring of any process, phenomenon, the state of state aid to economic entities to identify differences between planned and actual, finding deviations from the tasks, analysis of the causes of such deviations. The following functions of monitoring state aid to business entities are identified: regulatory, control, preventive, informational, analytical, corrective, law enforcement, educational, the characteristic is given and their essence is revealed.
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Pavese, Franco. "Comment to: L. Mari “Is our understanding of measurement evolving?”." ACTA IMEKO 11, no. 2 (June 16, 2022): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.21014/acta_imeko.v11i2.1246.
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The present contribution is a comment which addresses the paper published in this Journal “Is our understanding of measurement evolving?” and authored by Luca Mari. This Technical Note concerns specific parts of that paper, namely the statements: “doubt: isn’t metrology a ‘real’ science? ... Metrology is a social body of knowledge”, “Measurements are aimed at attributing values to properties: since values are information entities, any measurement must then include an informational component” and “What sufficient conditions characterise measurement as a specific kind of property evaluation?”, and discusses alternatives.
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Kangarlouei, Saeid Jabbarzadeh, Rezgar Talebpour Asl ., and Asghar azizi . "The Commitments Statement: A New Statement for Creditors." Journal of Economics and Behavioral Studies 4, no. 1 (January 15, 2012): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/jebs.v4i1.297.
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Much has been written lately concerning the failure of several major corporations to report their financial statuses accurately. Enron, Global Crossing, IBM and others have failed to provide accurate information to their investors and to provide full disclosure of liabilities that would influence the valuation. The present paper is focusing on creditors as a main group of accounting information users, which have been neglected, in field of information presentation. To solve this problem we introduce a new financial statement called “the commitments statementâ€. In the beginning, we point out financial reporting goals and users` informational needs. Then, we mention the issue, which creditors’ informational needs have not been well provided; and the reasons are explained. We continue with inspection of providing information related to solvency and recognition of financial flexibility of entities. Finally, we introduce “the commitments statement†and explain how to provide this statement. We end with the conclusion section.
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Rostworowski, Wojciech, Katarzyna Kuś, and Bartosz Maćkiewicz. "Semantics of Non-Doxastic Attitude Ascriptions from Experimental Perspective." Experiments in Linguistic Meaning 2 (January 27, 2023): 241. http://dx.doi.org/10.3765/elm.2.5364.
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The paper presents novel experimental data regarding reports of non-doxastic attitudes (expressed by verbs such as “wants”, “fear”, “is glad”, and etc.) As observed by some theorists, non-doxastic attitude ascriptions differ from the ascriptions of doxastic attitudes (e.g., “believes”) in that they do not support simple entailments or presuppositions of their complement clause. In particular, an ascription may intuitively change its truth-value if we alter the informational structure of the embedded clause without modifying its truth conditions. We present two experiments whose results support this observation. Experiment 1 shows that the truth-value and acceptability judgements of non-doxastic attitude ascriptions in a context generally depend on the informational structure of the embedded clause. Experiment 2 reveals that the truth-value judgements vary if we manipulate not only the “presupposition-assertion” structure of embedded clause, but also the components related to non-presuppositional entailments of the clause. This conclusion suggests that the contents on which attitude verbs operate should be represented as structured entities.
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Voss, Grażyna. "Zestawienie zmian w skonsolidowanym kapitale własnym." Przedsiębiorczość - Edukacja 3 (January 1, 2007): 278–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.24917/20833296.3.35.
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Aim of the work is to present methods of developing and titles to implement changes in the ownership capitals for various legal entities. It covers the contents and the form of presentation of the statement of changes in consolidated ownership capital (with regard to domestic and foreign legal regulations). The work emphasize informational value of the statement for groups of users (internal and external) as well as its usability. Specific rules concerning a development of the financial statements and methods of their consolidation are presented. The work focuses on functions and relations in financial groups.
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Hartenberger-Liszek, Joanna, and Joanna Krupska. "The Role of Profitability Indicators of Gdańsk Road Freight Transport Companies in the Context of Discriminant Analysis." Transport Economics and Logistics 84 (November 19, 2019): 29–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.26881/etil.2019.84.03.
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The article is devoted to the problem of the informational value of profitability indicators used in discriminant models of road freight transport companies. The aim of the article was to examine the impact of profitability indicators on the results of discriminant models. Discriminant models are mainly based on accounting liquidity, debt and profitability indicators. The rule is that most models use different profitability indicators. The research was carried out in relation to entities that publish their financial statements, are limited liability companies and have their registered office in Gdańsk.
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Abboskhonov, Toirkhon. "FEATURES OF PREPARATION OF INFORMATIONAL AND ANALYTICAL REPORTS FOR PARLIAMENT’S ACTIVITY." Jurisprudence 1, no. 4 (December 14, 2021): 111–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.51788/tsul.jurisprudence.1.4./hgtf4673.
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Today, in the implementation of any activity special attention is paid to the use of scientifically based methods and techniques. Because the consistency of practice with science is the most important factor in achieving the desired result in solving a specific issue. For example, the way in which policy briefs are prepared in support of parliamentary activities can, in turn, directly influence the quality of laws or the results of parliamentary oversight, thereby affecting governance. Therefore, it is important to reveal and constantly improve the scientific basis for the preparation of information and analytical reports. In this regard, one of the most urgent tasks is to create a system of advanced training for employees of entities engaged in this activity, to create methodological manuals for them on the preparation of information and analytical reports based on accurate scientific analysis. This article illuminates the scientific and practical aspects of the goal, structure, stages and methods of preparing information and analytical statements for the activities of the parliament, as well as the correct distribution of the time spent on their preparation, the sequence of actions when forming a statement based on scientific analysis and various methods used in practice.
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Lin-Greenberg, Erik, and Theo Milonopoulos. "Private Eyes in the Sky: Emerging Technology and the Political Consequences of Eroding Government Secrecy." Journal of Conflict Resolution 65, no. 6 (February 8, 2021): 1067–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022002720987285.
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How do emerging technologies that erode governments’ near-monopolies on intelligence information affect public support for leaders and their foreign policies? Technologies—like imagery satellites—that were once the domain of state governments are now increasingly available to commercial and private actors. As a result, non-government entities can now exercise the disclosure decision, publicly divulging information whose release was once controlled by states. We argue that non-government entities with access to these technologies serve as alternative information sources that can verify government claims or reveal activities governments have not previously acknowledged. Using original survey experiments we find that commercial satellite imagery can serve as an informational cue that shifts public opinion, and, depending on its content, either attenuates or bolsters the effect of similar cues from government sources. The findings advance debates over secrecy in international relations and on the effect of emerging technologies in the security domain.
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Chandrasekaran, Arvind. "Natural Language Processing." International Journal on Cybernetics & Informatics 12, no. 2 (March 11, 2023): 57–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.5121/ijci.2023.120205.
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Hints of the outbreak are detected through the modified circumstances favoring the outbreaks, like the warm weather contributing to epidermal outbreaks or the loss of sanitation leading to cholera outbreaks typically relying on the routine reports from the healthcare facilities, secondary data like attendance monitoring at workplaces and schools, the web, and the media play a significant informational source with more than 60% of the initial outbreak reporting to the informal sources. Through the application of natural language processing methods and machine learning technologies, a pipeline is developed which extracts the critical entities like country, confirmed case counts, disease, and case dates, which are mandatory entities from the epidemiological article and are saved in the database thereby facilitating the data entry easier. The advantages are the facilitation of relevant score articles shown first, thereby providing the web service results termed EventEpi integrated into the Event Based Surveillance (EBS) workflows.
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Chernyakov, Mikhail, Maria Chernyakova, Irina Chernyakova, Kamal Akberov, Irina Kharlamova, and Elena Sarycheva. "A technique for the estimation of the effect of investments in the digitalisation of the dairy subcomplex entities." E3S Web of Conferences 210 (2020): 05018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202021005018.
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The paper outlines the results of the analysis made to study the possibilities of using digital technologies to estimate the effect of investments in the digitalisation of dairy subcomplex entities. A review of academic literature revealed an insufficient number of publications on the dairy subcomplex digitalisation. The technique used to estimate the index of dairy subcomplex entities engaged the principles for constructing composite information indicators recommended by the European Commission. The proposed approach connects the system of state programmes and the digitalisation level of the dairy subcomplex for the first time. Taking into account the industry specifics, an attempt has been made to integrally estimate the digitalisation in dairy cattle breeding. It is recommended to introduce two criteria to assess the informational support level of dairy cattle breeding entities: the share and the index of dairy cattle breeding digitalisation. The correlation between the digitalization index of dairy cattle breeding and the return on equity has been established. An author's technique has been developed for a preliminary estimation of the effect of investments in digitalisation. The proposed approach develops the existing methods for estimating the effectiveness of government programs and policies, taking into account the industry digitalisation.
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Adamek-Hyska, Dorota. "INFORMATIONAL VALUE OF THE STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN THE BUDGETARY AND SELF-GOVERNMENT ENTITIES FUNDS OF BUDGETARY COMPANIES." Prace Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu, no. 484 (2017): 9–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.15611/pn.2017.484.01.
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Markovets, О., V. Gorova, and І. Balyko. "Creation of an online library of qualifying works of students of the SCIA department." Scientific journal “Library Science Record Studies Informology” 20, no. 1 (January 14, 2024): 61–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.63009/lsrsi/1.2024.61.
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The purpose of the article is to develop an information resource for the placement of qualification papers of students of the Department of Education and Research. The research methodology is based on the methods of analysis and synthesis, as well as on the use of informational, system-structural, and functional approaches. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the development of informational and functional models of the process of creating an online library of qualifying works of students of the SCIA department. Conclusions. A goal tree has been developed, the general purpose of which is to create an online library of qualifying works of students of the SCIA department. In order to achieve the set goal, a division was made into three first-level goals, which in turn are divided into smaller goals and sub-goals, each of which has an individual means of achieving the goal. An information model of the problem was built in Peter-Chen notation, which contains 6 entities related to each other with connections. The notation presents the “Supervisor” (as the student’s mentor), who manages the “Student” (the author of the qualification work). “Student” performs “QW” (study carried out by the student), which is reviewed by “Reviewer” (critic of qualification work). “QW” is contained in the “Online Library” (website of qualifying papers), which is visited by the “User” (interested person). A functional model of the given task is provided in the form of context diagrams and detailed processes. The first context diagram shows the process of “Filling the online library of the QW” and four external entities: “Secretary of the examination board”, “Manager”, “Reviewer” and “Student”. The second context diagram shows the process “Organisation of the work of the online library” and two external entities: “Administrator” and “User”. Three systems for managing site content are considered, namely: Drupal, Joomla and WordPress. After a detailed analysis of each CMS, WordPress was chosen as the ideal solution for the task, due to its simplicity, flexibility, and the ease of use and management
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Morrone, Carla, Maria Teresa Bianchi, and Anna Attias. "A New Approach for Proper Reporting of Pension Benefit Obligations in the Financial Statements of “Old Funds” for Professionals." International Business Research 13, no. 8 (July 23, 2020): 117. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ibr.v13n8p117.
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In this paper, we focus on the disclosure of pension liabilities for entities referred to in Italian Legislative Decree 30 June 1994 no. 509 (also called “old funds” for professionals), which is crucial for a suitable communication. After illustrating the limits of current statutory financial statements’ in relation to the information they provide on pension benefit obligations, we propose three potential solutions to bridge the gap. Each of these proposals helps ensure the completeness and clarity of financial reporting and improves upon the informational capacity and quality of disclosure. In our opinion, one of these approaches, in particular, would be preferred because of its ease of adoption. Indeed, the disclosure in the explanatory notes allows for the quantification of pension benefit obligations, and hence a more proper evaluation of entities in the medium/long- term, with no impact on annual economic-financial results as reported in the balance sheet and the income statement.
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Alekseev, M. A., V. V. Glinskiy, L. K. Serga, and M. L. Pyatov. "On Evaluating Likely Misstatements in Financial Statements of Economic Entities." Voprosy statistiki 26, no. 7 (August 1, 2019): 20–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.34023/2313-6383-2019-26-7-20-32.
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The article presents and discusses the results of the research regarding the identification of the user groups of financial statements (internal and/or external). Possible misstatements of financial reporting are aimed at developing the ≪desired≫ behavior of these groups. The authors introduced the following theoretical, methodological, instrumental and informational constraints of the carried-out experiment: financial reporting was postulated as an open system of economic measurement; accounting ≪paradoxes≫, formulated and considered by Sokolov Ya.V., were used as the theoretical basis of the a priori probability of existence of inaccurate accounting data in the information space; the formation of learning samples and the general population was carried based on the reporting data on certain business activities. Concurrent fulfillment of these conditions ensured the correct application of the central limit theorem, resulting in a valid statistical conclusion. The ≪paradoxes≫ were divided into complementary pairs with their subsequent formalization through the relevant financial ratios. Actual series of the financial ratios’ distribution were compiled based on the existent populations. The significance of deviation of the obtained series from the normal probability distribution (Gaussian distribution) was estimated. The multimodality of series of the financial ratios distribution was identified and estimated, suggesting the possibility of the existence of intentional, systematic registration errors, and, as a result, presumable manipulation in accounting (financial) reporting. It was found that some economic entities knowingly tamper with financial results, effectively aggravating the ≪paradoxical≫ state. The directions of probable manipulation were revealed, making it possible to define the user groups, whose professional judgment and decisions are affected by the presumed misstatements. The SKRIN database (financial and accounting reporting of 10.0 thousand of food and beverage manufacturers) and government statistics were used as a basis for research; calculations were made using Statistica12 software.
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Kovshun, Nataliia, Nina Kushnir, Vladyslav Solodkyy, Alla Zhemba, and Oksana Kliukha. "Rating of economic entities in the sector as a component of water resources management." E3S Web of Conferences 408 (2023): 01023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202340801023.
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The study is devoted to the problem of analysing the activities of water management organizations. Such an analysis is an important component of water resources management since many important tasks (technological, environmental, economic, and others) are assigned to water management organizations. It is proposed to use ratings for a comprehensive assessment of the performance of budgetary water management organizations. This methodology involves the use of individual indicators of their activities, which can be grouped into blocks as well as combined into generalized indicators. The initial stage of rating the organization’s activity is its assessment by individual parameters that form the main components of the activity, such as financial, intellectual, personnel, technological, informational, environmental, etc. Based on these data, an integrated assessment of the level of performance of organizations is carried out. The rating result for a separate period is given. The gathered array of data for the year will more objectively reflect the performance of the organization than quarterly data. Dynamic analysis in the context of the years under study will also allow identifying changes that have occurred in the rating of water management organizations as a result of identifying reserves and implementing measures aimed at improving their performance.
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Lyubarskaya, Mariya A., and Valentin V. Bushikhin. "IMPROVEMENT OF INFORMATIONAL BASE AND STAFF PERFORMANCE FOR THE PROCESS OF REFORMING THE WASTE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM IN RUSSIA." Economy of the North-West: problems and prospects of development 4, no. 67 (April 27, 2022): 85–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.52897/2411-4588-2021-4-85-90.
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The article analyzes the reasons that impede the sustainable development of the waste management sector in the Russian Federation. The authors put forward as a criterion for the successful reform of this area the availability of complete and up-to-date information for justified adoption by regions, municipalities and business entities of management decisions to improve the economic, environmental and social efficiency of waste management. Another important factor, according to the authors, is the work on professional development, training and retraining of specialists of all levels involved in waste management.
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Canelo, Kayla S. "State Coalitions, Informational Signals, and Success as Amicus Curiae at the U.S. Supreme Court." State Politics & Policy Quarterly 20, no. 1 (November 27, 2019): 108–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1532440019889372.
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States are uniquely situated as both individual governments in the federal system and entities that represent the interests of their citizens. So, what makes groups of states successful when they lobby the Supreme Court as amicus curiae filers? I argue that it is not just the number of states included in a coalition that matters, but rather which states are included. In this article, I offer a theory that implies certain types of coalitions will be more influential than others, as these coalitions can vary in how representative they are of public preferences. I use a dataset on state amicus curiae filings from 1960 to 2013 to test the implications of my theory. I find that the regional diversity of coalitions increases the odds of state amicus curiae filers obtaining their preferred outcome, but the ideological heterogeneity of the group of states does not. This latter result is interesting given that it is contrary to the theoretical expectations of the existing scholarship on state amicus filings.
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Vinokurov, S. S., and A. A. Medved. "Inflation, Informational Environment and Expectations of Households." Statistics and Economics 20, no. 1 (March 7, 2023): 37–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.21686/2500-3925-2023-1-37-52.
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The background information that forms the expectations of economic entities is a significant factor that determines their behavior.The purpose of this study is to identify and evaluate the relationship of inflation, perception and expectation of inflation by households with the parameters of the information (news’) background on the example of the Russian Federation.The materials for processing as a Russian information background were news’ reports issued by leading Russian TV channels and duplicated on the relevant sites, as well as Internet search (the number of news and search queries, the length of the headlines of the text versions of news, the frequency of mentioning certain topics in them, the tonality of texts), GoogleTrends data on internetrequests. The tonality of the texts was evaluated using automatic analyzers EurikaEngine and Repustate. Data from the reports of the Public Opinion Fund for the Central Bank of the Russian Federation posted on its website are also used; these reports contain monthly data on actual inflation (consumer price index) for 12 months and the results of respondents’ surveys on the perception of inflation, inflation expectations, consumer sentiment, assessments of economic and personal prospects, changes in behavior (starting a job search, making large purchases, etc.) and a wide range of other characteristics of public sentiment related to inflation. To process the collected data, correlation and regression analysis was used, as well as specific methods: Granger causality, principal component methods and lasso regression. As a result of the analysis, statistically significant correlations are found, which may be associated with individual reactions to the topics covered, expressed in changes in mood and behavior.Thus, inflation is negatively correlated with the number of political news on the “Russia” channel and with the length of headlines of text versions of political news of the “Pervy” channel, and positively correlated with web-search queries on the topic “Inflation”. Including these variables in a regression that estimates inflation based on lagged values significantly improves the quality of the regression, although their impact is small in terms of absolute values. We analyze how these relations change after the shift in the exchange rate regime and the introduction of inflation targeting. We find that in the period preceding to the shift, web-search demonstrated statistical significance in the equations we evaluate, and political news did not, while in the subsequent period, the opposite was true. We observe a connection between the parameters under consideration with certain aspects of individual behavior, such as the search for a better-paid job, or doing business. Finally, we find imperfections in the information activity of the Central Bank: an increase in the frequency of its mention in the news reduces people’s confidence that the inflation target can be achieved.In conclusion, the authors come to the following fundamental conclusions: the parameters of the information environment may be suitable for operational estimates of inflation, the effect of inflation targeting (i.e. greater controllability of inflationary processes by Central Bank) increases the importance of political news in decisions made by individuals, information policy and the overall image of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation requires improvement.
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SAFONOVA, I. V. "TRANSFORMATION OF ACCOUNTING AND CONTROL ENVIRONMENT IN ORDER TO INCREASE THE INFORMATION TRANSPARENCY OF BUSINESS." EKONOMIKA I UPRAVLENIE: PROBLEMY, RESHENIYA 4, no. 4 (2021): 116–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.36871/ek.up.p.r.2021.04.04.021.
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The purpose of this study is to assess the current situation and determine the key directions for the development of the formation and disclosure of reporting information of economic entities in order to increase the information transparency of the business environment in the context of digital transformation, taking into account the interests of different groups of users. The prerequisites for the increasing role of ensuring infor-mation transparency of the activities of subjects in the system of interaction «state – business – society». Particular attention in the article is paid to the problem of «informational secrecy» in small business organiza-tions and ways to solve it.
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Marshev, V. I., V. F. Bogachev, and S. E. Chernov. "On the Progressive Views on the Economic Entities’ Governance in Various Regions of the Globe." Management Sciences 12, no. 4 (January 12, 2023): 115–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.26794/2304-022x-2022-12-4-115-128.
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XXII International Conference on the History of Management Thought and Business “Development of views on regional Economic management in the countries of the world: History and modernity” was held on July 1 and 2, 2022 at the Faculty of Economics of Lomonosov Moscow State University. The event was announced in the informational paper of the journal “Management Sciences” [2022;12(1):96–98]. The participants at the conference were asked the following questions:— Why did ideas and concepts of regional economic management arise and develop?— How did the authors’ views of the concepts of regional governance differ and what were the factors and reasons for changing these views?— Which way and what aspect languages (political, economic, socio-cultural, etc.) were measured and estimated the concepts and results of conflict governance in managing the economies of regions in various countries of the world?— How and why did the views change on the staffing of regional economic management processes?Over 90 people attended the conference (in online and offline forms) — students, masters, graduate students, lecturers, scientists and practitioners from 6 countries. They had read 32 lectures and reports. This paper provides an analytical review of some of them.
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Zawada, Michał. "Wrażliwość informacyjna i bezpieczeństwo informacji w działalności archiwalnej." Studia Archiwalne 9 (December 30, 2022): 157–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/17347513sa.22.006.17117.
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Bezpieczeństwo informacji przenika niemal wszystkie aspekty działalności archiwalnej. Zapewnienie poufności, integralności i dostępności informacji, dla których źródłem są materiały archiwalne, realizowane jest na poziomie regulacji prawnych i techniczno-organizacyjnych już na etapie ich wytwarzania w jednostkach objętych nadzorem archiwalnym. Bezpieczeństwo informacji zaczyna się jednak jeszcze wcześniej, na poziomie pojedynczego pracownika (urzędnika, archiwisty), który realizuje wspomniane regulacje. Wrażliwość informacyjna, czyli troska o wytwarzanie kompletnych, czytelnych, zrozumiałych, a przede wszystkim prawdziwych informacji, to kompetencja, która jest niezbędna urzędnikom i archiwistom w procesie ich tworzenia. Informational sensitivity and information security in archival activities Information security permeats almost every aspect of archival activities. In order to guarantee confidentiality, integrity and availability of information stored in archival materials, legal, technical and organizational regulations are executed from the very first stage of their creation in organizational entities under archival supervision. However, information security begins at even earlier stage, at the level of single worker (clerk, archivist), who fulfills all those regulation mentioned above. Informational sensitivity, which is care about creating complete, readable, intelligible, and most of all true information, depicts a personal competence that is essential for clerks and archivists in process of its creation.
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Rojszczak, Marcin. "Konstytucjonalizacja prawa do ochrony danych osobowych – proces trwający czy zakończony?" Przegląd Konstytucyjny, no. 2 (2023) (November 29, 2023): 75–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/25442031pko.23.011.18277.
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The article presents arguments for the need to further improve of the Polish constitutional provisions establishing guarantees in the area of personal data protection. To this end, the development and current framework of EU data protection law and the national guarantees of the individual’s informational autonomy introduced in the Polish Constitution are presented. Against this background, the author argues that the Polish Constitution, although it provides certain guarantees related to the protection of information concerning an individual, is not in fact a source of a coherent, consistent and independent public subjective right to the protection of personal data. The author considers whether the examined set of constitutional norms can constitute a control model for assessing the permissibility of using many modern (and intrusive) forms of interference with fundamental rights, including those used by public entities – in this regard, he discusses in detail the case of the ClearView AI system. Particular attention is paid to the impact of the recent reform of the sub-constitutional provisions on the protection of personal data on the legibility and effectiveness of constitutional guarantees of the informational autonomy of the individual.
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EFIMOVA, Ol'ga V., and Ol'ga V. ROZHNOVA. "The informational component of corporate social responsibility assessment: Results of empirical research." Economic Analysis: Theory and Practice 20, no. 11 (November 29, 2021): 2089–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.24891/ea.20.11.2089.
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Subject. We consider completeness and quality of social information disclosure for systematic presentation of corporate social responsibility of organizations in financial and public non-financial reporting. Objectives. The aim is to present a comprehensive research of information component of social responsibility of Russian large business enterprises, based on the analysis of their financial and non-financial reporting information. Methods. We employed methods of logical, statistical, comparative, and linguistic analysis. We also analyzed financial and public non-financial reports of Russian metallurgical companies. Special attention was paid to the availability and completeness of presented social disclosures. The study investigates annual financial statements and public non-financial statements for 2018–2020. Results. We offer a systems approach to the study and assessment of social responsibility, based on the analysis of the content of selected indicators, formulate recommendations that are necessary to increase the social responsibility of companies through improving the quality of content of reporting information and its orientation to solving global social problems. The findings enabled to reveal the areas of social information disclosure that are most significant for increasing the validity of investment decisions. Conclusions. The identified top social problems are in the focus of attention of economic entities; the dynamics of the quality of disclosures in corporate reports over the past three years has been positive. The trend in the development of non-financial reporting standards in terms of completeness and comprehensive nature of social disclosures enables to count on gradual overcoming of existing problems.
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KRYVOSHEIN, Vitaliy. "CHAPTER 4. INFORMATIONAL LOBBYING AS MARKETING METHOD OF ORGANIZING POLITICAL DISCOURSE." Epistemological Studies in Philosophy Social and Political Sciences 1, no. 1 (April 16, 2024): 67–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/342404.
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The phenomenon of lobbying is considered as a mechanism for representing group interests, a system and practice of realizing the social interests of various groups, unions and associations of citizens, as well as business groups and corporations, which act through purposeful influence on the legislative power and state administrative structures. The informational and communicative essence of lobbying is revealed, and informational lobbying is singled out as a specific type of lobbying activity in the conditions of a post-industrial society. Information lobbying is defined as a method of information support for the activities of certain interest groups, structures operating in the sphere of decision-making by state authorities and local governments, and a special way of forming and supporting communications, which has specific features, principles and norms of information exchange and reproduction of political contacts, communication channels and other components. It is proven that the communicative nature of information lobbying allows its subjects to organize political discourse. In general, it is appropriate to define information lobbying as a form of marketing communications, which is a specific result of the development of political markets in the conditions of developed representative democracy, when the owners of large public resources begin to play a special political role. Like any type of marketing communications, information lobbying is focused on establishing two-way relations and forming feedback between the communicator and the recipient. A special direction of information lobbying is international lobbying activity, which is interpreted as the interaction of legal entities or individuals with state power structures and management institutions that are formed at the global level, in order to influence the development and decision-making by them in their own interests or in the interests of specific clients.
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vom Hau, Matthias, José Alejandro Peres-Cajías, and Hillel David Soifer. "No taxation without informational foundation: on the role of legibility in tax state development." Journal of Institutional Economics 19, no. 3 (June 2023): 426–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1744137422000534.
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AbstractThis article combines cross-national statistical analysis and in-depth historical case studies of Argentina and Chile to explore the relationship between two crucial dimensions of state capacity. We show that information capacity contributes to the development of fiscal capacity. When states have accurate information about their subject populations, territories, and economies, they are more effective at mobilizing revenues. In developing this argument this article makes three broader contributions. First, while existing scholarship either treats distinct dimensions of state capacity as separate entities, or simply assumes that they complement each other, our findings urge scholars to treat state development as sequential and to further investigate how multiple dimensions of state capacity are interrelated. Second, the paper suggests a broader underlying set of mechanisms – economies of scope – which connect these dimensions, and explores them in the specific context of how information capacity facilitates fiscal capacity. Third, we join the scholarship on the importance of societal compliance in the creation of the fiscal state, but with a focus on elite cooperation with the state's information collection efforts, which we show to be crucial to tax state development.
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LUKASHOVA, Liudmyla. "IMPERATIVES OF DEVELOPMENT OF SMALL BUSINESS IN UKRAINE." Economy of Ukraine 2018, no. 9 (October 5, 2018): 112–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/economyukr.2018.09.112.
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Small business entities constitute a significant stratum of the national business entities (99.2% of all business entities in Ukraine). Stimulating the development of small business will contribute not only to improving the efficiency of the functioning of the national economy, but also to address a number of urgent social problems; first of all, the problem of unemployment through creation of new jobs and prevention of labor migration. The vast majority of theoretical and applied researches of the problem of small business development are focused on accounting and analysis of financial results, tax regulation and financial mechanism of their development. Apart from the attention of modern scientific thought there remains the question of substantiation of imperatives of development of national small business entities. The purpose of the article is to determine the imperatives of small business development in Ukraine to improve the efficiency of the national economy, to meet the needs of society and to increase the welfare of the population. The methodological basis of the article is the synthesis of results of fundamental and applied researches of domestic and foreign scientists. To obtain specific scientific results, the following methods were used: dialectical, analogies, graphical, economic-statistical and mathematical analysis. Structural and dynamic analysis of national small business entities is carried out and estimation of influence of innovations on activity and development of small business entities is performed. Innovative advantages in the context of positive qualitative changes are considered as an effective tool for increasing the competitiveness of small business entities. The social priorities of small business development are determined and the main problems of national social entrepreneurship are diagnosed. Particular attention is paid to the variability of the forms of social effect from implementation of social small business. The socio-economic consequences of the integration process of small business entities into European and the world space are researched. For the first time the imperatives of development of small business in Ukraine are formulated, namely: (i) identification of its innovative dominants, including justification of the priority innovation oriented structure of national small business entities by types of economic activity and individual regions and solving the problem of financial-credit and informational and consulting support of innovative oriented small business entities; (ii) formation of social priorities and the search for alternative sources of financing of economic activity of national small business entities, in particular, due to their integration into the European and world space, participation in programs of support of small and medium entrepreneurship initiated by the EU, joining the European network of enterprises and attraction of grant fund-raising funds.
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Razis, Gerasimos, Stylianos Georgilas, Giannis Haralabopoulos, and Ioannis Anagnostopoulos. "User Analytics in Online Social Networks: Evolving from Social Instances to Social Individuals." Computers 11, no. 10 (October 7, 2022): 149. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/computers11100149.
Full textAbstract:
In our era of big data and information overload, content consumers utilise a variety of sources to meet their data and informational needs for the purpose of acquiring an in-depth perspective on a subject, as each source is focused on specific aspects. The same principle applies to the online social networks (OSNs), as usually, the end-users maintain accounts in multiple OSNs so as to acquire a complete social networking experience, since each OSN has a different philosophy in terms of its services, content, and interaction. Contrary to the current literature, we examine the users’ behavioural and disseminated content patterns under the assumption that accounts maintained by users in multiple OSNs are not regarded as distinct accounts, but rather as the same individual with multiple social instances. Our social analysis, enriched with information about the users’ social influences, revealed behavioural patterns depending on the examined OSN, its social entities, and the users’ exerted influence. Finally, we ranked the examined OSNs based on three types of social characteristics, revealing correlations between the users’ behavioural and content patterns, social influences, social entities, and the OSNs themselves.
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Bilous, V. V. "INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES TO PREVENT AND COUNTERACT CRIMES IN ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES SPHERE." Theory and Practice of Forensic Science and Criminalistics 15 (November 30, 2016): 62–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.32353/khrife.2015.07.
Full textAbstract:
The article describes the state of information technologies to prevent and counteract crimes in economic activities sphere and the perspectives of their development at the new historical stage in Ukraine S development. It points out a considerable role of fictitious economic entities in committing and concealing a wide array of criminal offenses. Taking into account the multiplicity of subjects in the investigation and trial, the article focuses on the need to integrate the systems of information and analytical support for the activity of oversight institutions making it a unified information space for national law enforcement, judicial and other bodies as well as officials, institutionally linked with economic entities in different situations and at various stages of the latter’s functioning starting from their establishment to the termination of their operation. In order to increase the efficiency of efforts aimed at preventing and counteracting crimes in economic activities sphere with the use of innovative techniques, the article argues in favor of creating a unified information space for oversight, law enforcement and judicial bodies, raising the level of informational interaction with the respective bodies of foreign states and international organizations.