Journal articles on the topic 'Information visualization Case studies'
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Dörk, Marian, Boris Müller, Jan-Erik Stange, Johannes Herseni, and Katja Dittrich. "Co-Designing Visualizations for Information Seeking and Knowledge Management." Open Information Science 4, no. 1 (December 31, 2020): 217–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/opis-2020-0102.
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AbstractCreativity is a crucial factor in finding novel and useful visualization and interaction techniques, but its emergence is contingent on the right conditions. The focus of visualization research has traditionally been on techniques, and to a lesser degree on the process of creating them with domain experts and end users. This paper focuses on the collaborative design of visualizations for information seeking and knowledge management. The difficult, yet common challenge in any visualization project is to find meaningful visual representations and useful interaction techniques to carry out complex analysis tasks. The unique difficulty for preparing co-design activities for visualization lies in the gap between the abstract nature of data and the concrete form of visual representations. To bridge this gap, our co-design framework for visualization places particular emphasis on actors, activities, and artifacts as categories that expand the focus of visualization design beyond the traditional triad of users, tasks, and data. Drawing from general co-design principles, the framework is developed and validated during the course of two case studies in the context of information management systems and library collection databases. Based on observed patterns during the case studies, practical tactics provide advice on carrying out co-design in information visualization.
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Sedlmair, Michael, Petra Isenberg, Dominikus Baur, and Andreas Butz. "Information visualization evaluation in large companies: Challenges, experiences and recommendations." Information Visualization 10, no. 3 (July 2011): 248–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1473871611413099.
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We examine the implications of evaluating data analysis processes and information visualization tools in a large company setting. While several researchers have addressed the difficulties of evaluating information visualizations with regards to changing data, tasks, and visual encodings, considerably less work has been published on the difficulties of evaluation within specific work contexts. We specifically focus on the challenges, which arise in the context of large companies with several thousand employees. Based on our own experience from a 3.5-year collaboration within a large automotive company, we first present a collection of nine information visualization evaluation challenges. We then discuss these challenges by means of two concrete visualization case studies from our own work. We finally derive a set of 16 recommendations for planning and conducting evaluations in large company settings. The set of challenges and recommendations and the discussion of our experience are meant to provide practical guidance to other researchers and practitioners, who plan to study information visualization in large company settings.
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Zhu, Zhecheng, Bee Hoon Heng, and Kiok Liang Teow. "Interactive Data Visualization to Understand Data Better." International Journal of Knowledge Discovery in Bioinformatics 4, no. 2 (July 2014): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijkdb.2014070101.
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This paper focuses on interactive data visualization techniques and their applications in healthcare systems. Interactive data visualization is a collection of techniques translating data from its numeric format to graphic presentation dynamically for easy understanding and visual impact. Compared to conventional static data visualization techniques, interactive data visualization techniques allow users to self-explore the entire data set by instant slice and dice, quick switching among multiple data sources. Adjustable granularity of interactive data visualization allows for both detailed micro information and aggregated macro information displayed in a single chart. Animated transition adds extra visual impact that describes how system transits from one state to another. When applied to healthcare system, interactive visualization techniques are useful in areas such as information integration, flow or trajectory presentation and location related visualization, etc. In this paper, three case studies are shared to illustrate how interactive data visualization techniques are applied to various aspects of healthcare systems. The first case study shows a pathway visualization representing longitudinal disease progression of a patient cohort. The second case study shows a dashboard profiling different patient cohorts from multiple perspectives. The third case study shows an interactive map illustrating patient geographical distribution at adjustable granularity. All three case studies illustrate that interactive data visualization techniques help quick information access, fast knowledge sharing and better decision making in healthcare system.
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Dong, Xiaoxu. "Data visualization: A unique storyteller." Technoetic Arts 17, no. 3 (October 1, 2019): 259–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/tear_00020_1.
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Abstract Science and technology have changed all aspects of our lives, including the mode of narration, from traditional stories to data stories. Storytellers have been integrating visualizations into their narratives. From the case studies of some artworks and our students' works to visualization research, we have found distinct genres of narrative visualization and the education method for university students. We describe the differences between these artworks, together with interactivity and information transmission. Some small experiments and some examples of students' works will be shown to explore the visual narrative. We suggest new design strategies including how to make invisible things visible.
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Avazpour, Iman, John Grundy, and Hai L. Vu. "Generating Reusable Visual Notations Using Model Transformation." International Journal of Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering 25, no. 02 (March 2015): 277–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218194015400100.
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Visual notations are a key aspect of visual languages. They provide a direct mapping between the intended information and set of graphical symbols. Visual notations are most often implemented using the low level syntax of programming languages which is time consuming, error prone, difficult to maintain and hardly human-centric. In this paper we describe an alternative approach to generating visual notations using by-example model transformations. In our new approach, a semantic mapping between model and view is implemented using model transformations. The notations resulting from this approach can be reused by mapping varieties of input data to their model and can be composed into different visualizations. Our approach is implemented in the CONVErT framework and has been applied to many visualization examples. Three case studies for visualizing statistical charts, visualization of traffic data, and reuse of a Minard's map visualization's components, are presented in this paper. A detailed user study of our approach for reusing notations and generating visualizations has been provided. 80% of the participants in this user study agreed that the novel approach to visualization was easy and 87% stated that they quickly learned to use the tool support.
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Oktavianus, R. Hendarto, and Dedhy Sulistiawan. "HEURISTIC THINKING ON DATA VISUALIZATION BASED ON DASHBOARD CASE STUDIES AT NATIONAL HOSPITAL SURABAYA." JURNAL TEKNOLOGI DAN OPEN SOURCE 4, no. 1 (June 22, 2021): 106–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.36378/jtos.v4i1.1311.
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Dashboard-based data visualization has various information is an option for presenting data is expected to support decision making. The ease of the dashboard isn't perfect, but it also has weakness. The nature of heuristic thinking makes users behave inconsistent with the rational decision-making process tobe an important issue. This study was conducted to explain the heuristic thinking behavior phenomenon from dashboard-based data visualization in the decision-making process. A qualitative approach is used with procedures and data collection based on interview techniques, observation and literature study. Data were observed from the National Hospital, Surabaya. The result is there is a bias in seeing data in a visual form, someone will tend to simplify the decision-making process. The contribution of this study is heuristic thinking on dashboard-based data visualization which can lead users to make irrational decisions.
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Lezcano Airaldi, Andrea, Jorge Andres Diaz-Pace, and Emanuel Irrazábal. "Data-driven Storytelling to Support Decision Making in Crisis Settings: A Case Study." JUCS - Journal of Universal Computer Science 27, no. 10 (October 28, 2021): 1046–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jucs.66714.
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Data-driven storytelling helps to communicate facts, easing comprehension and decision making, particularly in crisis settings such as the current COVID-19 pandemic. Several studies have reported on general practices and guidelines to follow in order to create effective narrative visualizations. However, research regarding the benefits of implementing those practices and guidelines in software development is limited. In this article, we present a case study that explores the benefits of including data visualization best practices in the development of a software system for the current health crisis. We performed a quantitative and qualitative analysis of sixteen graphs required by the system to monitor patients' isolation and circulation permits in quarantine due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The results showed that the use of storytelling techniques in data visualization contributed to an improved decision-making process in terms of increasing information comprehension and memorability by the system stakeholders.
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Gao, Dengliang. "3D seismic volume visualization and interpretation: An integrated workflow with case studies." GEOPHYSICS 74, no. 1 (January 2009): W1—W12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.3002915.
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One of the major problems in subsurface seismic exploration is the uncertainty (nonuniqueness) in geologic interpretation because of the complexity of subsurface geology and the limited dimension of the data available. Case studies from worldwide exploration projects indicate that an integrated, three-dimensional (3D) seismic volume visualization and interpretation workflow contributes to resolving the problem by mining and exposing critical geologic information from within seismic data volumes. Following 3D seismic data acquisition and processing, the interpretation workflow consists of four integrated phases from data selection and conditioning, to structure and facies characterization, to prospect evaluation and generation, to well-bore planning. In the data selection and conditioning phase, the most favored and frequently used data are the full-angle, limited-angle, and limited-azimuth stack amplitude with significant structure and facies enhancements. Signal-to-noise ratio, color scheme, dynamic range, bit resolution, and visual contrast all affect thevisibility of features of interest. In the structure and facies characterization phase, vertical slicing along arbitrary traverses demonstrates structure styles, stratigraphic architecture, and reservoir geometry in the cross-sectional view. Time/depth slicing defines lateral and vertical variability in the structural trend and areal extent in the map view. Stratal slicing and fault slicing map chronostratigraphic seismic facies and cross-stratal, along-fault seismic signature. Volume flattening and structure restoration aid in unraveling paleostructural framework and stratigraphic architecture and their growth histories. In the prospect evaluation and generation phase, a combination of volume trimming, co-rendering, transparency, attribute analysis, and attribute-body detection is instrumental in delineating volumetric extent and evaluating spatial connectivity of critical seismic features. Finally, in the well-bore planning phase, informed decision-making relies on the integration of all the information and knowledge interrogated from 3D seismic data. Most importantly, interpreters’ geologic insight and play concept are crucial to optimal well-bore planning with high geologic potential and low economic risk.
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Fernández-Pascual, Rosaura, Ana Marín Jiménez, and María Pilar Fernández- Sánchez. "Visualisation of Perception of Experiential Activities in Business and Administration and Economy." ENTRENOVA - ENTerprise REsearch InNOVAtion 7, no. 1 (December 8, 2021): 283–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.54820/muhf5293.
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This paper explores how to incorporate information visualization tools into qualitative studies to represent the underlying structure of knowledge. Information visualization plays a key role in many areas such as decision-making, data mining, market studies, or knowledge management. A case of experiential learning was developed for Quantitative Techniques in Business and Administration and Economy Degrees at the University of Granada, Spain. The goal is to analyze the opinion of students (n = 227) on the development of the activity through information visualization techniques. The gathered information was subjected to a categorization process to unify and homogenize the responses. After a term-clumping process, a co-word analysis using the VosViewer software is used to analyze the relationships among terms and provide the network maps. Results display the main associations and clusters of terms used when assessing the experiential activity, using qualitative techniques. In conclusion, the strengths of data visualization enabling a better understanding of data for qualitative studies are established.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
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Dowding, Dawn, and Jacqueline Merrill. "The Development of Heuristics for Evaluation of Dashboard Visualizations." Applied Clinical Informatics 09, no. 03 (July 2018): 511–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1666842.
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Background Heuristic evaluation is used in human–computer interaction studies to assess the usability of information systems. Nielsen's widely used heuristics, first developed in 1990, are appropriate for general usability but do not specifically address usability in systems that produce information visualizations. Objective This article develops a heuristic evaluation checklist that can be used to evaluate systems that produce information visualizations. Principles from Nielsen's heuristics were combined with heuristic principles developed by prior researchers specifically to evaluate information visualization. Methods We used nominal group technique to determine an appropriate final set. The combined existing usability principles and associated factors were distributed via email to a group of 12 informatics experts from a range of health care disciplines. Respondents were asked to rate each factor on its importance as an evaluation heuristic for visualization systems on a scale from 1 (definitely don't include) to 10 (definitely include). The distribution of scores for each item were calculated. A median score of ≥8 represented consensus for inclusion in the final checklist. Results Ten of 12 experts responded with rankings and written comments. The final checklist consists of 10 usability principles (7 general and 3 specific to information visualization) substantiated by 49 usability factors. Three nursing informatics experts then used the checklist to evaluate a vital sign dashboard developed for home care nurses, using a task list designed to explore the full functionality of the dashboard. The experts used the checklist without difficulty, and indicated that it covered all major usability problems encountered during task completion. Conclusion The growing capacity to generate and electronically process health data suggests that data visualization will be increasingly important. A checklist of usability heuristics for evaluating information visualization systems can contribute to assuring high quality in electronic data systems developed for health care.
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Lee, Min Lee, Yee Linn Lee, Sxue Liang Goh, Chai Hoon Koo, See Hung Lau, and Siaw Yah Chong. "Case Studies and Challenges of Implementing Geotechnical Building Information Modelling in Malaysia." Infrastructures 6, no. 10 (October 12, 2021): 145. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/infrastructures6100145.
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Unforeseen ground conditions are some of the main contributors to construction cost over-runs and late completion. Recent research trends have witnessed the scopes of building information modeling (BIM) technology being extended to subsoil and substructure constructions, or simply known as geotechnical BIM. This paper aimed to explore the procedures of developing 3D subsoil models through two case studies in Malaysia. The geotechnical BIM processes were performed by commercial software, AutoCAD Civil 3D 2017, with the extension of the Geotechnical Module. The modeling procedures can be divided into three main stages, namely data collection, data interpretation, and data visualization. The subsoil models were successfully developed at different levels of detailing to serve for different applications. The results showed that the 3D subsoil modeling required huge modeling and computational efforts, particularly when dealing with tropical residual soil profiles in Malaysia that are highly intricate. Thus, an adequate soil strata generalization was required to simplify the generated subsoil model. Data collection and management was identified as one of the main challenges of promoting geotechnical BIM in Malaysia at a macro-scale. Despite the challenges, successful implementation of the geotechnical building information in the present case studies were proved to be capable of promoting interoperability of soil data, which is an essential element in sustainable construction.
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Sirola, Miki, and Jaakko Talonen. "Combining Neural Methods and Knowledge-Based Methods in Accident Management." Advances in Artificial Neural Systems 2012 (July 30, 2012): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/534683.
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Accident management became a popular research issue in the early 1990s. Computerized decision support was studied from many points of view. Early fault detection and information visualization are important key issues in accident management also today. In this paper we make a brief review on this research history mostly from the last two decades including the severe accident management. The author’s studies are reflected to the state of the art. The self-organizing map method is combined with other more or less traditional methods. Neural methods used together with knowledge-based methods constitute a methodological base for the presented decision support prototypes. Two application examples with modern decision support visualizations are introduced more in detail. A case example of detecting a pressure drift on the boiling water reactor by multivariate methods including innovative visualizations is studied in detail. Promising results in early fault detection are achieved. The operators are provided by added information value to be able to detect anomalies in an early stage already. We provide the plant staff with a methodological tool set, which can be combined in various ways depending on the special needs in each case.
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Zhu, Zhecheng. "Application of Geographical Information System and Interactive Data Visualization in Healthcare Decision Making." International Journal of Big Data and Analytics in Healthcare 1, no. 1 (January 2016): 49–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijbdah.2016010104.
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This paper focuses on two techniques and their applications in healthcare systems: geographic information system (GIS) and interactive data visualization. GIS is a type of technique applied to manipulate, analyze and display spatial information. It is a useful tool tackling location related problems. GIS applications in healthcare include evaluation of accessibility to healthcare facilities, site planning of new healthcare services and analysis of risks and spreads of infectious diseases. Interactive data visualization is a collection of techniques translating data from its numeric format to graphic presentation dynamically for easy understanding and visual impact. Compared to conventional static data visualization techniques, interactive data visualization techniques allow user to self-explore the entire data set by instant slice and dice, quick switching among multiple data sources. Adjustable granularity of interactive data visualization allows for both detailed micro information and aggregated macro information displayed in a single chart. Animated transition adds extra visual impact that describes how system transits from one state to another. When applied to healthcare system, interactive visualization techniques are useful in areas such as information integration, flow or trajectory presentation and location related visualization, etc. One area both techniques intersect is location analysis. In this paper, real life case studies will be given to illustrate how these two techniques, when combined together, help in solving quantitative or qualitative location related problem, visualizing geographical information and accelerating decision making procedures.
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Chen, Min, Alfie Abdul-Rahman, Deborah Silver, and Mateu Sbert. "A Bounded Measure for Estimating the Benefit of Visualization (Part II): Case Studies and Empirical Evaluation." Entropy 24, no. 2 (February 16, 2022): 282. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e24020282.
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Many visual representations, such as volume-rendered images and metro maps, feature a noticeable amount of information loss due to a variety of many-to-one mappings. At a glance, there seem to be numerous opportunities for viewers to misinterpret the data being visualized, hence, undermining the benefits of these visual representations. In practice, there is little doubt that these visual representations are useful. The recently-proposed information-theoretic measure for analyzing the cost–benefit ratio of visualization processes can explain such usefulness experienced in practice and postulate that the viewers’ knowledge can reduce the potential distortion (e.g., misinterpretation) due to information loss. This suggests that viewers’ knowledge can be estimated by comparing the potential distortion without any knowledge and the actual distortion with some knowledge. However, the existing cost–benefit measure consists of an unbounded divergence term, making the numerical measurements difficult to interpret. This is the second part of a two-part paper, which aims to improve the existing cost–benefit measure. Part I of the paper provided a theoretical discourse about the problem of unboundedness, reported a conceptual analysis of nine candidate divergence measures for resolving the problem, and eliminated three from further consideration. In this Part II, we describe two groups of case studies for evaluating the remaining six candidate measures empirically. In particular, we obtained instance data for (i) supporting the evaluation of the remaining candidate measures and (ii) demonstrating their applicability in practical scenarios for estimating the cost–benefit of visualization processes as well as the impact of human knowledge in the processes. The real world data about visualization provides practical evidence for evaluating the usability and intuitiveness of the candidate measures. The combination of the conceptual analysis in Part I and the empirical evaluation in this part allows us to select the most appropriate bounded divergence measure for improving the existing cost–benefit measure.
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Zananiri, I., A. Zervakou, P. Tsombos, and E. Chiotis. "VISUALIZATION OF DATASETS FROM URBAN GEOLOGY STUDIES USING GOOGLE EARTH: THE CASE STUDY OF NAFPLIO, ARGOLIS PREFECTURE." Bulletin of the Geological Society of Greece 43, no. 3 (January 24, 2017): 1549. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/bgsg.11329.
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The systematic use of tools provided in Geographic Information Systems in data mapping makes easy the management of the data acquired from urban geology studies. However, the information derived concern not only the scientific society but also the local authorities and the general public. Thus, a simple way of data dissemination had to be adopted. Online tools, such as those pioneered by Google EarthTM (GE), are changing the way in which scientists and the general public interact with geospatial data in a virtual environment. In the past years since its 2005 introduction, GE has introduced numerous applications, in geosciences as well as in many socio-economic disciplines. I.G.M.E., in the framework of CSF 2000 – 2006 (Operational Program “Competitiveness”), implemented the project called “Collection, codification and documentation of geothematic information for urban and suburban areas in Greece. Pilot studies”. Data management and cartographic representation was performed using G.I.S., where a geographic database was created, including all available information for the studied areas: geology, topography, satellite images, geophysical, geochemical, geotechnical, hydrogeological and geoarchaeological data. Critical information from the geodatabase concerning the study area of the city of Nafplio, Argolis Prefecture, were imported in Google Earth and stored as a Keywhole Markup Language Zipped file, rendering a 2-D layer in GE directly, to facilitate dissemination.
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Nadav-Greenberg, Limor, Susan L. Joslyn, and Meng U. Taing. "The Effect of Uncertainty Visualizations on Decision Making in Weather Forecasting." Journal of Cognitive Engineering and Decision Making 2, no. 1 (March 2008): 24–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1518/155534308x284354.
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People's reasoning with uncertainty information is often flawed. Visual representations can help, but little is known about what is the best way to present such information. Two studies investigated the effect of visualizations on the understanding and use of wind speed forecast uncertainty. Participants varied in expertise from novices in weather forecasting (Experiment 1) to professional forecasters (Experiment 2). The authors investigated three visualizations: (a) a chart showing the amount of uncertainty, (b) a chart showing the worst-case scenario, and (c) a box plot of likely wind speeds. Participants were asked to determine the relative uncertainty in the forecast, predict wind speed, and decide whether to post a high-wind warning advisory. The results for novices and professional forecasters were similar. The uncertainty chart enhanced awareness of the degree of uncertainty associated with the forecast, box plots improved reading accuracy, and presenting a visualization of the worst-case scenario introduced bias in the deterministic wind speed forecast. An interactive display (e.g., a combination of an uncertainty chart with a box plot display) may be optimal to convey uncertainty information.
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Park, Jin Ah, Chang Su Lee, and Jong C. Park. "Information Visualization with Text Data Mining for Knowledge Discovery Tools in Bioinformatics." Key Engineering Materials 277-279 (January 2005): 259–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.277-279.259.
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An abundant amount of information is produced in the digital domain, and an effective information extraction (IE) system is required to surf through this sea of information. In this paper, we show that an interactive visualization system works effectively to complement an IE system. In particular, three-dimensional (3D) visualization can turn a data-centric system into a user-centric one by facilitating the human visual system as a powerful pattern recognizer to become a part of the IE cycle. Because information as data is multidimensional in nature, 2D visualization has been the preferred mode. However, we argue that the extra dimension available for us in a 3D mode provides a valuable space where we can pack an orthogonal aspect of the available information. As for candidates of this orthogonal information, we have considered the following two aspects: 1) abstraction of the unstructured source data, and 2) the history line of the discovery process. We have applied our proposal to text data mining in bioinformatics. Through case studies of data mining for molecular interaction in the yeast and mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways, we demonstrate the possibility of interpreting the extracted results with a 3D visualization system.
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Hong, Chuan, Rui Duan, Lingzhen Zeng, Rebecca A. Hubbard, Thomas Lumley, Richard D. Riley, Haitao Chu, Stephen E. Kimmel, and Yong Chen. "The Galaxy Plot: A New Visualization Tool for Bivariate Meta-Analysis Studies." American Journal of Epidemiology 189, no. 8 (January 13, 2020): 861–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwz286.
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Abstract Funnel plots have been widely used to detect small-study effects in the results of univariate meta-analyses. However, there is no existing visualization tool that is the counterpart of the funnel plot in the multivariate setting. We propose a new visualization method, the galaxy plot, which can simultaneously present the effect sizes of bivariate outcomes and their standard errors in a 2-dimensional space. We illustrate the use of the galaxy plot with 2 case studies, including a meta-analysis of hypertension trials with studies from 1979–1991 (Hypertension. 2005;45(5):907–913) and a meta-analysis of structured telephone support or noninvasive telemonitoring with studies from 1966–2015 (Heart. 2017;103(4):255–257). The galaxy plot is an intuitive visualization tool that can aid in interpreting results of multivariate meta-analysis. It preserves all of the information presented by separate funnel plots for each outcome while elucidating more complex features that may only be revealed by examining the joint distribution of the bivariate outcomes.
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Vuckovic, Milena, Johanna Schmidt, Thomas Ortner, and Daniel Cornel. "Combining 2D and 3D Visualization with Visual Analytics in the Environmental Domain." Information 13, no. 1 (December 27, 2021): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/info13010007.
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The application potential of Visual Analytics (VA), with its supporting interactive 2D and 3D visualization techniques, in the environmental domain is unparalleled. Such advanced systems may enable an in-depth interactive exploration of multifaceted geospatial and temporal changes in very large and complex datasets. This is facilitated by a unique synergy of modules for simulation, analysis, and visualization, offering instantaneous visual feedback of transformative changes in the underlying data. However, even if the resulting knowledge holds great potential for supporting decision-making in the environmental domain, the consideration of such techniques still have to find their way to daily practice. To advance these developments, we demonstrate four case studies that portray different opportunities in data visualization and VA in the context of climate research and natural disaster management. Firstly, we focus on 2D data visualization and explorative analysis for climate change detection and urban microclimate development through a comprehensive time series analysis. Secondly, we focus on the combination of 2D and 3D representations and investigations for flood and storm water management through comprehensive flood and heavy rain simulations. These examples are by no means exhaustive, but serve to demonstrate how a VA framework may apply to practical research.
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Lind, Mats, Geoffrey P. Bingham, and Camilla Forsell. "Metric 3D Structure in Visualizations." Information Visualization 2, no. 1 (March 2003): 51–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.ivs.9500038.
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A large body of results on the characteristics of human spatial vision suggests that space perception is distorted. Recent studies indicate that the geometry of visual space is best understood as affine. If this is the case, it has far-reaching implications on how 3D visualizations can be successfully employed. For instance, all attempts to build visualization systems where users are expected to discover relations based on Euclidean distances or shapes will be ineffective. Since visualization can, and sometimes does, employ all possible types of depth information and because the results from vision research usually concentrates on one or two such types, three experiments were performed under near-optimal viewing conditions. The aim of the experiments was two-fold: to test whether the earlier findings generalize to shape perception under near-optimal viewing conditions and to get a sense of the size of the error under such conditions. The results show that the findings do generalize and that the errors are large. The implications of these results for successful visualizations are discussed.
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Walker, Jeffrey D., Benjamin H. Letcher, Kirk D. Rodgers, Clint C. Muhlfeld, and Vincent S. D’Angelo. "An Interactive Data Visualization Framework for Exploring Geospatial Environmental Datasets and Model Predictions." Water 12, no. 10 (October 20, 2020): 2928. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12102928.
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With the rise of large-scale environmental models comes new challenges for how we best utilize this information in research, management and decision making. Interactive data visualizations can make large and complex datasets easier to access and explore, which can lead to knowledge discovery, hypothesis formation and improved understanding. Here, we present a web-based interactive data visualization framework, the Interactive Catchment Explorer (ICE), for exploring environmental datasets and model outputs. Using a client-based architecture, the ICE framework provides a highly interactive user experience for discovering spatial patterns, evaluating relationships between variables and identifying specific locations using multivariate criteria. Through a series of case studies, we demonstrate the application of the ICE framework to datasets and models associated with three separate research projects covering different regions in North America. From these case studies, we provide specific examples of the broader impacts that tools like these can have, including fostering discussion and collaboration among stakeholders and playing a central role in the iterative process of data collection, analysis and decision making. Overall, the ICE framework demonstrates the potential benefits and impacts of using web-based interactive data visualization tools to place environmental datasets and model outputs directly into the hands of stakeholders, managers, decision makers and other researchers.
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Bansal, Vijay Kumar. "A Road-Based 3D Navigation System in GIS: A Case Study of an Institute Campus." International Journal of Applied Geospatial Research 14, no. 1 (January 27, 2023): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijagr.316887.
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A user-controlled navigation system is one of the important aspects of human-computer interaction. Finding best path from one location to another and navigating through that path has been a great concern in the geo-virtual navigation. Earlier studies on the geo-virtual navigation systems mainly focus on navigation and visualization, but lack in geo-spatial analysis. Geo-spatial analysis is the domain of geographic information systems (GIS) in which 3D geo-spatial information is used for navigation, geo-visualization, and geo-spatial analysis. The present study deals with wayfinding in the road network of the campus of National Institute of Technology (NIT) Hamirpur, India, in a hilly terrain. It facilitates perform various types of geo-spatial analyses on the road network and virtual travelling in a 3D space.
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Llorca-Bofí, Josep, Christian Dreier, Jonas Heck, and Michael Vorländer. "Urban Sound Auralization and Visualization Framework—Case Study at IHTApark." Sustainability 14, no. 4 (February 10, 2022): 2026. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14042026.
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In the context of acoustic urban planning, the use of noise mappings is a worldwide well-established practice. Therefore, the noise levels in an urban environment are calculated based on models of the sound sources, models of the physical sound propagation effects and the position of the receivers in the area of interest. However, the noise mapping method is limited to sound levels in frequency bands due to missing temporal and spectral information of the sound signals. This, in turn, leads to missing information about the qualitative sound properties, as they can be evaluated in psychoacoustic parameters. Beyond the scope of the classical noise mapping, auralization and physically-based simulation of sound fields can be applied to urban scenarios in the context of urban soundscape analysis. By supporting the auralization technology with a visual counterpart of the urban space, a plausible virtual representation of a real environment can be achieved. The presented framework combines the possibilities of the open-source auralization tool Virtual Acoustics with 3D visualization. In order to enable studies with natural human response or for public communication of urban design projects, those virtual scenes can be either reproduced with immersive technologies—such head-mounted displays (HMD)—or using online video platforms and traditional playback devices. The paper presents an overview of what physical principles can already be simulated, which technological considerations need to be taken into account, and how to set up such environment for auralization and visualization of urban scenes. We present the framework by the case study of IHTApark.
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Fadloun, Samiha, Souham Meshoul, Mahmood Hosseini, Abdennour Amokrane, and Hichem Bennaceur. "Visualization System for Transparency Requirement Analytics." Applied Sciences 12, no. 23 (December 5, 2022): 12423. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app122312423.
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Access to corporate information systems by consumers via the Internet has increased dramatically over the past several decades. In a separate organization, extensive research has been conducted on the free flow of information generated by both external and internal keywords. Research on transparency should aid the audience in making informed decisions. Few have, however, created clear and compelling visual representations of transparency requirements (stakeholders, data, process, policy, and their relationships) utilizing current information visualization and visual analytics methodologies. Maintaining both the quality and visual representation of transparency requirements is a difficult challenge. In this paper, we propose TranspVis, a new visual analytics tool designed for transparency analytics. It consists of multiple views that aid domain experts in efficiently analyzing, updating, and saving application transparency datasets. TranspVis is an interactive tool for displaying TranspLan (i.e., Transparency Language) representations manually generated by experts utilizing the Shield, Infolet, and SitReq forms. In addition to the new circle view, TranspVis generates and synchronizes these latter representations automatically. TranspVis is evaluated using AWS and WhatsApp policy datasets as two case studies. Results show that TranspVis extends the initial TranspLan representation and significantly improves transparency requirement analytics in terms of visual encoding, interactions, and insight extraction.
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Kim, Tae-Yun, Hae-Gil Hwang, and Heung-Kook Choi. "Cancer Cell Image Analysis and Visualization." International Journal of E-Health and Medical Communications 1, no. 1 (January 2010): 53–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jehmc.2010010105.
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We review computerized cancer cell image analysis and visualization research over the past 30 years. Image acquisition, feature extraction, classification, and visualization from two-dimensional to three-dimensional image algorithms are introduced with case studies of bladder, prostate, breast, and renal carcinomas.
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Jing, Ming, Xueqing Li, and Li Zhang. "Interactive temporal display through collaboration networks visualization." Information Visualization 18, no. 2 (December 25, 2018): 268–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1473871618812163.
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Visual analytics play an important role in understanding complex datasets. The bibliographic database is often visualized as a collaboration network to illustrate the connections between researchers. Static networks, however, barely reveal any information when the dataset includes temporal variables. In this article, we propose an embedded network visualization to display the temporal patterns hiding in the data and use intelligent filters to avoid occlusion. We examined different graphing styles, such as the temporal display and the time direction, to find the best way to present the temporal features. In addition, we demonstrate the utility of our approach with case studies and evaluations of real bibliographic databases.
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Chen, Wenjie, Wenbing Zhang, and Lu Li. "Precise Transmission for COVID-19 Information: Based on China’s Experience." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 6 (March 15, 2021): 3015. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18063015.
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Information on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been a significant focus for the global public since the outbreak of the disease. In response, data visualization has become the main form of media used to inform the public about the global pandemic’s progress. This paper studies the example of China, the main country affected by the virus in the early stage of the pandemic, to explain the problems regarding the differences in time, knowledge, and technology for information transmission. This paper also tries to explain the causes behind the dissemination of rumors, misjudgment of the public, and the difficulties of perception regarding pandemic information based on the three aspects of information collection, processing, and presentation. We argue that comprehensive information transmission with direct and clear visual presentation could help the public better understand the development of the pandemic, relieve social panic, and help authorities promptly adjust public health policies to absorb the social and economic impacts of the pandemic. Based on a case study, we propose that hierarchical presentation, comprehensive descriptions, and accurate visualizations of pandemic data can effectively improve information transmission, thus providing helpful references for authorities and organizations to improve the effectiveness of pandemic information transmission.
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McNabb, Liam, and Robert S. Laramee. "Multivariate Maps—A Glyph-Placement Algorithm to Support Multivariate Geospatial Visualization." Information 10, no. 10 (September 28, 2019): 302. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/info10100302.
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Maps are one of the most conventional types of visualization used when conveying information to both inexperienced users and advanced analysts. However, the multivariate representation of data on maps is still considered an unsolved problem. We present a multivariate map that uses geo-space to guide the position of multivariate glyphs and enable users to interact with the map and glyphs, conveying meaningful data at different levels of detail. We develop an algorithm pipeline for this process and demonstrate how the user can adjust the level-of-detail of the resulting imagery. The algorithm features a unique combination of guided glyph placement, level-of-detail, dynamic zooming, and smooth transitions. We present a selection of user options to facilitate the exploration process and provide case studies to support how the application can be used. We also compare our placement algorithm with previous geo-spatial glyph placement algorithms. The result is a novel glyph placement solution to support multi-variate maps.
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Akoumianakis, Demosthenes, Giannis Milolidakis, George Vlachakis, Nikolas Karadimitriou, and Giorgos Ktistakis. "Retaining and Exploring Digital Traces." International Journal of Virtual Communities and Social Networking 3, no. 4 (October 2011): 46–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jvcsn.2011100104.
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The present work rests and elaborates on the assumption that social technologies are increasingly turned into computer-mediated virtual settlements, thereby allowing the excavation of a variety of enacted cyber-phenomena such as ad hoc online ensembles, informal social networks and virtual communities, on the grounds of ‘digital’ traces or remains. In this vein, the authors motivate and present a method for virtual excavations that is tightly coupled to a transformational technology such as knowledge visualization. The analytical and explanatory value of the method is assessed using two case studies addressing representative genres of social technologies, namely web sites augmented with social plug-ins and social networking services. Analysis reveals intrinsic aspects of ‘digital’ traces and remains, the form they take in today’s social web and the means through which they can be excavated and transformed to useful information. It turns out that such virtual excavations, when organized and conducted carefully, can be of benefit to enterprises, service organizations and public sector institutions. In addition, their tight coupling with knowledge visualization eliminates extensive data analysis as much of this work can be done using the visualization. On the other hand, and depending on the size of digital trace data, the choice of visualizations and the underlying toolkit are of paramount importance.
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Jeong, Dong Hyun, Jin-Hee Cho, Feng Chen, Lance Kaplan, Audun Jøsang, and Soo-Yeon Ji. "Interactive Web-Based Visual Analysis on Network Traffic Data." Information 14, no. 1 (December 28, 2022): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/info14010016.
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Network traffic data analysis is important for securing our computing environment and data. However, analyzing network traffic data requires tremendous effort because of the complexity of continuously changing network traffic patterns. To assist the user in better understanding and analyzing the network traffic data, an interactive web-based visualization system is designed using multiple coordinated views, supporting a rich set of user interactions. For advancing the capability of analyzing network traffic data, feature extraction is considered along with uncertainty quantification to help the user make precise analyses. The system allows the user to perform a continuous visual analysis by requesting incrementally new subsets of data with updated visual representation. Case studies have been performed to determine the effectiveness of the system. The results from the case studies support that the system is well designed to understand network traffic data by identifying abnormal network traffic patterns.
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DeCock-Caspell, Meredith, and Liette Vasseur. "Visualizations as a tool to increase community engagement in climate change adaptation decision-making." FACETS 6, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 240–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/facets-2020-0032.
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Many barriers to behavioural change exist when it comes to climate change action. A key element to overcoming some of these barriers is effective communication of complex scientific information. The use of visualizations, such as photographs or interactive maps, can increase knowledge dissemination, helping community members understand climatic and environmental changes. These techniques have been utilized in many disciplines but have not been widely embraced by climate change scholars. This paper discusses the utility of climate change data visualization as a tool for climate change knowledge mobilization. This paper draws on the case studying drivers of coastline change of Lake Ontario in the Town of Lincoln, Ontario, Canada. Historical aerial photographs were used to measure the rate of coastline change and visualize vulnerable sections of the coast. To better visualize the changes that occurred over time from a resident viewpoint, selected land-based historical photographs were replicated by taking new photographs at the same locations. These visualization tools can be useful to support the community in developing strategies to adapt to climate change by increasing understanding of the changes and knowledge through social learning. These tools can be generalized to other case studies dealing with community engagement in coastal adaptation efforts.
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Harper, Christofer M., Daniel Tran, and Edward Jaselskis. "Implementation of Visualization and Modeling Technologies for Transportation Construction." Journal of Civil Engineering and Construction 11, no. 1 (December 31, 2021): 29–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.32732/jcec.2022.11.1.29.
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State departments of transportation (DOTs) increasingly use visualization and modeling technologies for delivering transportation projects across the United States. Advanced and innovative technologies have the ability to improve various construction processes and tasks while making the construction process more efficient and productive. Visualization and modeling technologies, which include building information modeling for infrastructure, light detection and ranging, virtual reality, and augmented reality, are becoming more commonplace in transportation construction. Yet, the use of these technologies varies among state DOTs. The intent of this study is to investigate the use of visualization and modeling technologies for transportation construction. This study employed a triangulation research methodology including an extensive literature review, survey questionnaire of DOTs, and seven case studies. Results of the study show that 92% of state DOTs use visualization and modeling technologies for construction. Then, 81% of DOTs use visualization and modeling technologies for constructability reviews, 38% use them for documentation of as-builts and simulating bridge and structure construction, and 35% use them for quality management, inspections, and monitoring progress of work. The main barriers to using visualization and modeling technologies include legal concerns with using digital models as contract documents, incompatibilities in software and hardware between the DOTs and contracted parties, and the appropriate knowledge, skills, and abilities required to use visualization and modeling technologies for construction. The findings from this study provides valuable information for state DOTs to approach their implementation and use of visualization and modeling technologies for transportation construction delivery.
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Boechat, Marina. "Bibliography, metrics and data visualization: how may we compose shared contexts of information?" Informação & Informação 20, no. 2 (August 31, 2015): 214. http://dx.doi.org/10.5433/1981-8920.2015v20n2p214.
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<p><strong>Introduction</strong>: We understand that the careful labor of composing bibliographical contexts is a fundamental concern for Bibliography, and collaborates to develop a deeper understanding of the intertextuality between documents. Nevertheless, the idea of context can assume many inflexions, connected to varied approaches towards bibliographic material. We believe quali-quantitative methods and data visualization can be used for assembling bibliographical contexts to form renovated points of view.</p><p><strong>Objective</strong>: To discuss how the idea of context relates to bibliographic methods, and how quali-quantitative methods and data visualization may offer new possibilities for assembling, assessing and sharing contexts of information.</p><p><strong>Methodology</strong>: Bibliographical revision, case discussion. We intend to apply concepts bred from the digital methods of social research to the problems of Bibliography, while we discuss the advantages of visualization.</p><p><strong>Results</strong>: Quali-quantitative methods may advance bibliographical studies by proposing varied entry points and a bottom-up approach towards building context, while data visualization may display these contexts, giving new visibility to intertextual aspects.</p><strong>Conclusions</strong>: The seminar Arte da Bibliografia, that took place last December in Rio de Janeiro, organized by IBICT/COEP and research group Ecce Liber, proposed a rediscovery of Bibliography as a science, born beside medieval studies and growing into a wider field. In this article, we seeked to outline some fundamental concerns of the field in order to update its relevance to today’s informational landscape. One fundamental concern of bibliography that we chose to focus on, the emphasis in creating knowledge contexts from documents, was explored in the form of different postures or procedures that may equip Bibliography, conciliating in its major facets, textual Bibliography and the quantitative tools derived from bibliometrics, with the use of quali-quantitative methods.
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Ragg, Susanne, Marc B. Rosenman, Eve M. Doucette, Zhong Yan, Julie C. Haydon, Jada H. Paine, Nadine D. Lee, Terry Vik, Ketan Mane, and Katy Borner. "Data Visualization of Multiparameter Information in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Expands the Ability To Explore Prognostic Factors." Blood 106, no. 11 (November 16, 2005): 862. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v106.11.862.862.
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Abstract In clinical studies and for patient care, data collections have become more and more complex. Clinical studies often include millions of data points, and even data collections about individual patients can include several thousand data points. To enable searches for meaningful relationships and patterns, and to gain understanding and knowledge of the data, state-of-the-art visualization approaches have to be adapted to the needs of clinicians and clinical researchers, in order to best reveal relevant patterns in the data. However, despite the progress that has been made in the field of information visualization, none of the currently available high dimensional visualization tools are used in clinical research or practice. The goal of this research was to develop visualization tools that allow clinical researchers to explore multidimensional datasets, as well as temporal clinical datasets. The dataset used for this presentation involves 300 pediatric patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia diagnosed at Indiana University between 1992 and 2000. Clinical and laboratory data were extracted electronically from the Regenstrief Medical Records System. The dosages of all medications during the treatment period were extracted from the patients’ charts. This information was supplemented, for a subset of 78 patients for whom Indiana Medicaid claims data were available, with actual fill dates and quantities dispensed. Cytogenetic data were extracted from the clinical genetic database, and immunophenotype data were extracted from the pathology database at Indiana University. Temporal patient data, such as laboratory data, prescription fill dates, and medication dosage, are visualized through custom-designed multiple layer graphics. The visualization tools developed allow the user to interactively visualize and query the data. For exploratory analysis, the application offers an overview of the data through visual representations such as parallel coordinates and matrix methods. The user can interact with the data set in diverse ways, e.g, the order in which the variables are visualized can be changed; interactivity augments the insight that can be gained from visually exploring such data. The visualizations are dynamically linked, so that the user can obtain coordinate views of the data. Dynamic querying interactively filters data in all views. In addition, the user can highlight or select a subset of data elements in one view and thereby highlight data for the same subset in other views. For example, we show that patient data with a specific pattern in the parallel coordinate view can be selected, and then clinical, laboratory, and prescription data for the entire treatment period can be viewed through multiple layer graphics. In summary, the adaptation of temporal and multidimensional visualization tools to clinical data allows clinicians or clinical researchers to better explore these datasets. These tools improve understanding of the complex prognostic features of acute lymphoblastic leukemia, including type of leukemia, initial risk factors, therapy, adherence to therapy, and host factors that affect tolerance of therapy.
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Ungerleider, Steven. "Training for the Olympic Games with Mind and Body: Two Cases." Perceptual and Motor Skills 61, no. 3_suppl (December 1985): 1291–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1985.61.3f.1291.
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The fine-tuning effect and its enhancement of athletic competition are discussed. Presented are two case studies utilizing tailored programs of visualization, creative imagery, and relaxation techniques. The author provides a three-step program: refined training procedure, information search and a better understanding of athlete/therapist collaboration. Use of positive replacement imagery is described as an adjunct to the fine tuning effect.
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Gitis, V. G. "GEODYNAMICS." GEODYNAMICS 2(11)2011, no. 2(11) (September 20, 2011): 61–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/jgd2011.02.061.
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Two network geoinformation technologies are considered. Their common major features are (1) network access to geographical information, which may be distributed over network servers or reside on the user PC, (2) modern methods of knowledge acquisition from spatial and spatio-temporal data, (3) high interactivity and clarity of visualization boosting the decision-making efficiency. Case studies of GIS analysis are presented.
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Lieske, David J. "Towards a Framework for Designing Spatial and Non-Spatial Visualizations for Communicating Climate Change Risks." GEOMATICA 66, no. 1 (March 2012): 27–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.5623/cig2012-006.
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Hazards related to climate change (e.g., intensified storms, coastal flooding associated with sea level rise) are globally pervasive yet geographically-specific problems that demand societal response. Unfortunately, studies have shown that people are often unaware of (or inaccurately perceive) the true risk, thereby limiting their motivation to take steps to lower their vulnerability. Visualization of the anticipated impacts (either spatially or non-spatially) has an important role to play in risk communication, potentially avoiding peoples’ cognitive biases, helping to focus their attention, and allowing them to personally evaluate the evidence. In this paper, key findings of the risk perception literature are presented and a conceptual framework provided to help guide: (1) the identification of important information requirements (anticipating the influence of psychological effects); (2) the selection and design of visualizations; and (3) the assessment of the effectiveness of visualizations for enhancing perception of risk and inspiring a public willingness to adapt. A case study involving coastal flooding in South-East New Brunswick is referred to throughout.
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Inamov, A., Sh Sattorov, A. Dadabayev, and A. Narziyev. "Geoportal visualization of state cadastre objects: (a case study from Uzbekistan)." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1068, no. 1 (July 1, 2022): 012016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1068/1/012016.
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Abstract The Cadastre Agency under the State Tax Committee of the Republic of Uzbekistan (State Geodetic Inspection) is responsible for processing the state cadastre data of geodesy and cartography, which are part of the state cadastres, and visualizing the information in the geodata database. The State Cadastre of Geodesy and Cartography has a total of 115,616 objects in the Republic of Uzbekistan, of which 111,838 are included in the geodata database. Taking into account the transparency of this information and the fact that it is not widely used by young researchers in scientific research. During this research, proposals were developed to visualize the state cadastre of geodesy and cartography in the geoportal. During the research, world experience was studied and considered on the example of the Russian Federation, which was homogeneous in terms of systematization of geodetic and cartographic data. The created and recommended geoportal had sections on zone, column, row and nomenclature, and the zone section had rows 10N, 11N, 12N and 13N. Accordingly, the topographic map of the zones was provided with space and cartographic bases.
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Carrasco, Cesar A., Ignacio Lombillo, and Javier Sánchez-Espeso. "Methodology for the generation of 3D city models and integration of HBIM models in GIS: Case studies." VITRUVIO - International Journal of Architectural Technology and Sustainability 7, no. 2 (December 30, 2022): 74–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/vitruvioijats.2022.18808.
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The Architecture, Engineering and Construction (AEC) industry increasingly demands the availability of semantic and interactive digital models with the environment, capable of simulating decision-making during its life cycle and representing the results achieved. This motivates the need to develop models that integrate spatial information (GIS) and construction information (HBIM), favouring the achievement of the Smart City and Digital Twin concepts. GIS & HBIM platform is a useful tool, with potential applications in the world of built heritage; but it still has certain inefficiencies related to interoperability, the semantics of the formats and the geometry of the models. The objective of this contribution is to suggest a procedure for the generation of 3D visualization models of existing cities by integrating HBIM models in GIS environments. For this, three software and two types of data sources (existing plans and point cloud) are used. The methodology is tested in four locations of different dimensions, managing to identify the advantages/disadvantages of each application.
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Kopishynska, Olena, Yurii Utkin, Oleksandr Galych, Hanlar Makhmudov, Alla Svitlychna, and Viktor Lyashenko. "Case Method in the Study of Information Technologies and IT Project Management." Journal of Systemics, Cybernetics and Informatics 19, no. 8 (December 2021): 198–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.54808/jsci.19.08.198.
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The paper shows the features of the application of the case method in the study of the discipline of IT project management for students majoring in the field of Information Technology. This work analyzes some of the difficulties associated with the limited use of case studies in the field of IT. An original solution to the problem of combining flexible technologies for the development of the project itself on the basis of a case study and methods of studying and applying special software for IT project management presented by authors. The conceptual scheme of the main stages of work with a case, interrelations and content from an initial acquaintance, discussion in groups and acceptance of intermediate decisions, to planning of operations, calendar planning of works and resources were shown. However, the role of special software for visualization of separate stages of project execution management in the MS Project environment at all stages of the life cycle was explained. The combination of individual analytical work of the students, acquisition of teem job skills, the study of MS Project tools, IT project management methods at different stages allows to achieve the planned learning outcomes and develop interdisciplinary competencies.
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Yu, Xiaoying, and Qi Liao. "User password repetitive patterns analysis and visualization." Information & Computer Security 24, no. 1 (March 14, 2016): 93–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ics-06-2015-0026.
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Purpose – Passwords have been designed to protect individual privacy and security and widely used in almost every area of our life. The strength of passwords is therefore critical to the security of our systems. However, due to the explosion of user accounts and increasing complexity of password rules, users are struggling to find ways to make up sufficiently secure yet easy-to-remember passwords. This paper aims to investigate whether there are repetitive patterns when users choose passwords and how such behaviors may affect us to rethink password security policy. Design/methodology/approach – The authors develop a model to formalize the password repetitive problem and design efficient algorithms to analyze the repeat patterns. To help security practitioners to analyze patterns, the authors design and implement a lightweight, Web-based visualization tool for interactive exploration of password data. Findings – Through case studies on a real-world leaked password data set, the authors demonstrate how the tool can be used to identify various interesting patterns, e.g. shorter substrings of the same type used to make up longer strings, which are then repeated to make up the final passwords, suggesting that the length requirement of password policy does not necessarily increase security. Originality/value – The contributions of this study are two-fold. First, the authors formalize the problem of password repetitive patterns by considering both short and long substrings and in both directions, which have not yet been considered in past. Efficient algorithms are developed and implemented that can analyze various repeat patterns quickly even in large data set. Second, the authors design and implement four novel visualization views that are particularly useful for exploration of password repeat patterns, i.e. the character frequency charts view, the short repeat heatmap view, the long repeat parallel coordinates view and the repeat word cloud view.
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Petrasova, Anna, J. Aaron Hipp, and Helena Mitasova. "Visualization of Pedestrian Density Dynamics Using Data Extracted from Public Webcams." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 8, no. 12 (December 5, 2019): 559. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi8120559.
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Accurate information on the number and distribution of pedestrians in space and time helps urban planners maintain current city infrastructure and design better public spaces for local residents and visitors. Previous studies have demonstrated that using webcams together with crowdsourcing platforms to locate pedestrians in the captured images is a promising technique for analyzing pedestrian activity. However, it is challenging to efficiently transform the time series of pedestrian locations in the images to information suitable for geospatial analytics, as well as visualize data in a meaningful way to inform urban design or decision making. In this study, we propose to use a space-time cube (STC) representation of pedestrian data to analyze the spatio-temporal patterns of pedestrians in public spaces. We take advantage of AMOS (The Archive of Many Outdoor Scenes), a large database of images captured by thousands of publicly available, outdoor webcams. We developed a method to obtain georeferenced spatio-temporal data from webcams and to transform them into high-resolution continuous representation of pedestrian densities by combining bivariate kernel density estimation with trivariate, spatio-temporal spline interpolation. We demonstrate our method on two case studies analyzing pedestrian activity of two city plazas. The first case study explores daily and weekly spatio-temporal patterns of pedestrian activity while the second one highlights the differences in pattern before and after plaza’s redevelopment. While STC has already been used to visualize urban dynamics, this is the first study analyzing the evolution of pedestrian density based on crowdsourced time series of pedestrian occurrences captured by webcam images.
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Jamroz, Dariusz. "The perspective-based observational tunnels method: A new method of multidimensional data visualization." Information Visualization 16, no. 4 (January 24, 2017): 346–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1473871616686634.
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The article describes a new unique method of multidimensional data visualization. It has been developed as modified observational tunnels method, which was previously known and used many times. The modification consists in supplementing the observational tunnels method used for visualization of multidimensional data with the concept of perspective. In this way, the orientation and navigation in multidimensional space are largely facilitated. The differences in effects of observational tunnels method and perspective-based observational tunnels method have been presented. The effectiveness of the new visualization method has been compared with selected four well-known methods of multidimensional data visualization: parallel coordinates, orthogonal projection, principal component analysis, and multidimensional scaling. The research revealed that the perspective-based observational tunnels method sometimes makes it possible to obtain information about significant features of analyzed data even when other methods selected for comparative studies are not able to show it. This article includes a presentation of the views of 5-dimensional data obtained from the print recognition process, which allowed the author to state that the features chosen for the development of spatial features are, in this case, sufficient for the correct recognition process. The previously published ranking presenting seven different methods of multidimensional data visualization was supplemented with the perspective-based observational tunnels method. This ranking was conducted using 7-dimensional data describing different types of coal. Thus, it was shown that, in this case, the presented method constitutes the efficient tool among other qualitative visualization analysis methods.
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Murphy, Joe, Paul Biemer, and Chip Berry. "Transitioning a Survey to Self-Administration using Adaptive, Responsive, and Tailored (ART) Design Principles and Data Visualization." Journal of Official Statistics 34, no. 3 (September 1, 2018): 625–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jos-2018-0030.
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Abstract This article discusses the critical and complex design decisions associated with transitioning an interviewer-administered survey to a self-administered, postal, web/paper survey. Our approach embeds adaptive, responsive, and tailored (ART) design principles and data visualization during a multi-phased data collection operation to project the outcomes of each phase in preparation for subsequent phases. This requires rapid decision making based upon experimental results using a data visualization system to monitor critical-to-quality (CTQ) metrics and facilitate projections of outcomes from the current phase of data collection to inform the design of the subsequent phase. We describe the objectives of the overall design, the features designed to address these objectives, components of the visual adaptive total design (ATD) system for monitoring quality components and relative costs in real time, and examples of the visualization elements and functionalities that were used in one case study. We also discuss subsequent initiatives to develop an interactive version of the monitoring tool and applications for other studies, including those employing adaptive, responsive, and tailored (ART) designs. Our case study is a series of pilot studies conducted for the Residential Energy Consumption Survey (RECS), sponsored by the U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA).
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Döner, Fatih, and Samet Şirin. "3D Digital Representation of Cadastral Data in Turkey—Apartments Case." Land 9, no. 6 (June 1, 2020): 179. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land9060179.
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With the widespread use of three-dimensional (3D) geographic information technologies, studies for 3D digital representation of property units in cadasters have increased in recent years. In Turkey, a project named 3D City Models and Cadasters was initiated by the General Directorate of Land Registries and Cadasters in 2018. With this project, which is planned to last four years, it aims to create 3D models of individual units (apartments) in buildings and provide visual representations of these individual units with legal information. Transition from the current 2D representation towards a 3D digital cadaster requires not only replacing analog drawings with 3D models but also examining the workflow for forming the property units. In this study, the process of registration of property rights for individual units is examined and possibilities and challenges for successful completion of the 3D cadaster project are evaluated from a legal, an organizational, and a technical point of view. Government plays a lead role by adopting the digital transformation as a state policy. However, new regulations and organizational settings may have to be introduced. Modeling and visualization alternatives for 3D data should be studied further.
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Cardoso, Milena A., Luis E. A. Rizzardi, Leonardo W. Kume, Clarice S. Groeneveld, Sheyla Trefflich, Diego A. A. Morais, Rodrigo J. S. Dalmolin, Bruce A. J. Ponder, Kerstin B. Meyer, and Mauro A. A. Castro. "TreeAndLeaf: an R/Bioconductor package for graphs and trees with focus on the leaves." Bioinformatics 38, no. 5 (December 2, 2021): 1463–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btab819.
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Abstract Motivation Dendrogram is a classical diagram for visualizing binary trees. Although efficient to represent hierarchical relations, it provides limited space for displaying information on the leaf elements, especially for large trees. Results Here, we present TreeAndLeaf, an R/Bioconductor package that implements a hybrid layout strategy to represent tree diagrams with focus on the leaves. The TreeAndLeaf package combines force-directed graph and tree layout algorithms using a single visualization system, allowing projection of multiple layers of information onto a graph-tree diagram. The Supplementary Information provides two case studies that use breast cancer data from epidemiological and experimental studies. Availability and implementation TreeAndLeaf is written in the R language, and is available from the Bioconductor project at http://bioconductor.org/packages/TreeAndLeaf/ (version≥1.4.2). Supplementary information Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
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Kumar, Kinshuk, and Vivekanandan Vivekanandan. "Advancing learning through smart learning analytics: a review of case studies." Asian Association of Open Universities Journal 13, no. 1 (March 5, 2018): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/aaouj-12-2017-0039.
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Purpose Smart learning analytics (Smart LA) – i.e. the process of collecting, analyzing and interpreting data on how students learn – has great potentials to support opportunistic learning and offer better – and more personalized – learning experiences. The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of the latest developments and features of Smart LA by reviewing relevant cases. Design/methodology/approach The paper studies several representative cases of Smart LA implementation, and highlights the key features of Smart LA. In addition, it discusses how instructors can use Smart LA to better understand the efforts their students make, and to improve learning experiences. Findings Ongoing research in Smart LA involves testing across various learning domains, learning sensors and LA platforms. Through the collection, analysis and visualization of learner data and performance, instructors and learners gain more accurate understandings of individual learning behavior and ways to effectively address learner needs. As a result, students can make better decisions when refining their study plans (either by themselves or in collaboration with others), and instructors obtain a convenient monitor of student progress. In summary, Smart LA promotes self-regulated and/or co-regulated learning by discovering opportunities for remediation, and by prescribing materials and pedagogy for remedial instruction. Originality/value Characteristically, Smart LA helps instructors give students effective and efficient learning experiences, by integrating the advanced learning analytics technology, fine-grained domain knowledge and locale-based information. This paper discusses notable cases illustrating the potential of Smart LA.
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RADIUK, PAVLO, TETIANA SKRYPNYK, and DMYTRO KARLECHUK. "APPLYING MENTAL MODELS TO MAKING CONTROLLED CRITICALLY SAFE DECISIONS IN IT PROJECT MANAGEMENT." Herald of Khmelnytskyi National University 301, no. 5 (October 2021): 32–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.31891/2307-5732-2021-301-5-32-35.
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Over the past decades, numerous researchers and practitioners have focused on the use case modeling for information technology project management. However, few studies have examined ways to improve the discovery phase of an information technology project through modifying use case diagrams. In this work, a mental model approach is suggested to integrate a visualization stage into the discovery phase by creating a conceptual mental model before constructing the use case diagram. It has been established that designing a mental model by visualizing the end user’s needs improves the ability of junior analysts to capture, analyze, and determine the user and functional requirements of information systems. Moreover, junior business analysts can extrapolate from the workflow presented in the conceptual mental model to determine the system’s actions to benefit the associated actor, which must appear in the use case diagram. The paper describes the design of user precedents through a conceptual mental model. Altogether, the proposed approach’s effectiveness in capturing, analyzing, and determining the requirements of information systems is measured in terms of accuracy, completeness, and simplicity.
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Choi, Eun Bi, and Sung Ho Jang. "Diffusion Tensor Imaging Studies on Recovery of Injured Optic Radiation: A Minireview." Neural Plasticity 2020 (June 9, 2020): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8881224.
Full textAbstract:
The optic radiation (OR) is a visual neural fiber pathway for the transfer of visual information from the lateral geniculate body of the thalamus to the primary visual cortex. To demonstrate the recovery of an OR injury, quantification and visualization of changes to the injured OR are necessary. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) allows determination of the state of an OR by assessing the obtained DTI parameters. In particular, diffusion tensor tractography (DTT), which is derived from DTI data, allows three-dimensional visualization of the OR. Thus, recovery of an injured OR can be demonstrated by examining changes in DTI parameters and/or configuration on follow-up DTI scans or via DTT of the injured OR. Herein, we review nine DTI-based studies that demonstrated recovery of OR injuries. The results reported in these studies suggest that an OR injury has a potential for recovery. Moreover, the results of these studies can form a basis for elucidating the recovery mechanisms of injured OR. These studies have suggested two recovery mechanisms for OR injury: recovery via the original OR pathway or via the transcallosal fibers of the corpus callosum. However, only nine studies on this topic have been conducted to date and six of those nine studies were case reports. Therefore, further studies involving larger numbers of subjects and reporting precise evaluations of changes in OR injury during recovery are warranted.
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Ying, Shen, Chengpeng Li, Weiyang Li, Naibin Chen, and Zhigang Zhao. "Using Focus + Context Techniques to Visualize Building Information Model in virtual Geo-Environment." Abstracts of the ICA 1 (July 15, 2019): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ica-abs-1-422-2019.
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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> The Integration of BIM and GIS is conducive to urban planning, construction and management, and have explored by relevant researchs (Yeo et al., 2016; Gilbert et al.; Wang et al.). From the beginning, BIM researchers thought that GIS could represent the building environment partially, while GIS researchers considered that BIM could only provide a detail data model about the buildings as one of GIS data sources. With deepening the technique integration and broadening the applications, it become a trend to integrate BIM and GIS, and both semantics and geometry between them are feasible to interlink and interact (Zhu et al., 2019; Deng et al., 2016). In this case, the paper studies the visualization method and the visual effects of BIM model (with IFC format as input) in virtual geographic environment (VGE), in order to improve human interaction and cognitive ability of BIM model in VGE. Based on Focus + Context techniques (Correa et al., 2016; Bjork et al., 2000; Carpendale et al., 1996), current development focuses on the solutions to the following problems.</p><p>1) Focused BIM model in geographic environment.</p><p>During the visualization process, BIM model has serious occlusion problems in two level: group level and component (sub-group) level. The group level occlusion means BIM model as an integral object may be occluded by other buildings in VGE (Qu et al., 2016; Deng et al., 2016; Johansson et al., 2015), and at the component level, inner components inside the BIM model may be occluded by other outer components when we focus or select inner one (Motamedi et al., 2014). So, there are corresponding component-level and group-level focus + context visualization.</p><p>In VGE, buildings are important parts, but most of the time, the display of buildings are in the form of block or volume shapes. According to the definition of CityGML, buildings are usually represented by LOD1 or LOD2 objects. However, with the development of BIM technology, more and more requirements are needed to model the focus buildings. The corresponding building information and details are even more abundant than the LOD4 model in CityGML. When BIM model is imported into VGE as a significant rendering object, other buildings that are shown as blocks or volumes are often used as context, so BIM models will be the focus of VGE (Fig 1).</p><p>2) Visualization of the internal details of BIM model.</p><p>At the component-level focus + context visualization, conventional visualization software of BIM model use cutaway view, transparent view and explode view to visualize and obtain internal details of the BIM model, but they all have their own limitations.</p><p>When we explore BIM model by the cutaway view (Fig2.a), an invisible vertical “knife” is put in the scene and divides the BIM model into two sections. The building part on one side of the section is completely preserved, while the building part on the other side is hidden, which loses the description of the overall relationship and structure of the building. When we visualize the BIM model by transparent view (Fig2.b), the components are highlighted and be semi-transparent, but the superposition of the transparent components and the selected opaque components causes the visible confusion.While explode view (Fig2.c) to visualize BIM model is a novel method, but the current software just adjusts each components’ position without considering global viewing effects.</p><p>In the Focus + Context techniques, the corresponding focus visualization method achieves a deformation effect by enlarging, shrinking and shifting the position of focus object (Islam et al., 2007), thus to highlight the focus object and weaken the context. This paper proposes a two-layer Focus + Context visualization method to obtain the inner details of the focus components in BIM model (shown as Fig. 3). Moreover, the key of our researches is that considering the integration of the BIM model visualization in VGE, rather than in BIM model viewing software. In addition, the factors of geographic environment are discussed to improve the visualization effects. The two-layer and two-level (component-level and group-level) focus + context visualization (Section 1 and Section 2) should be combined together in VGE to achieve a progressive visualization from macro geographic environment to micro building element environment.</p><p>3) Visualization of spatial relationship in BIM model.</p><p>Spatial relationships are core elements in GIS. Current BIM models have seldom records and studies on spatial relationships but are necessary (Juszczyk et al., 2016). In geographic environment, it is vital to give the full play to the advantages of BIM models, especially its detail components, and to bound full cycle-life information. So building component-level spatial relationships among BIM models are constructed to integrate spatial analysis. The connectivity relationships among walls, doors and windows in Figure 4 are built as lines between walls to support the indoor navigation and wayfinding.</p>