Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Information visualization Case studies'
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Berry, Brandon. "VaDeR: Visualizing a Development Record A Study of Claims-Centric Scenario-Based Design." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/9995.
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The scenario-based design process, particularly with an emphasis on claims, captures and shares design knowledge that has promise in teaching design. However, the best methods are not fully understood yet. This thesis examines the areas of scenario-based design, claims relationships, and learning through cases with the goal of learning what can be improved to better support these processes.
In investigating those areas, an information visualization tool is created for learning design through case studies. The tool combined claims from multiple visualization techniques to create an approach for supporting problem-based learning goals. In creating the tool, scenario-based design was used, with a particular emphasis on claims for driving the development and evaluation. All design rationale was captured in claims to create a tool that addressed the current problem issues identified. A recently developed claims relationship framework, used for the first time in development efforts, aided in structuring the design rationale. Using these relationships, the design was tracked from requirements analysis to problem claims to design claims and finally to claims that formed the basis of an evaluation.
This thesis presents a case study of using claims relationships to drive the development and evaluation of a tool for supporting problem-based learning through case studies of scenario-based design. In creating a novel tool for learning about cases, a unique example of claims-centric scenario based design emerges, presenting as open questions new directions for merging scenarios, claims, and cases in knowledge storage, access, and learning systems.Master of Science
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Zhang, Jia Ph D. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "Information visualization as creative nonfiction." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/81082.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Comparative Media Studies, 2013.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis. "June 2013."
Includes bibliographical references (p. 86-88).
Information visualizations are an important means through which we communicate knowledge. By considering visualizations as data-driven narratives, this thesis uses narrative thinking as an orienting concept to support the production and evaluation of information visualizations. It proposes a set of guides that are central to future developments in the visualization of information through the analysis of historical examples and a design-based research process resulting in a system called the Royal Society Network. This thesis investigates the themes of various types of objectivity, the layering of quantitative and qualitative methods, the parallel relationship between investigation and visualization, and the graphical nature of statistical thinking. It then identifies transparency, hybridity, and investigation as the central concepts to visualization, where transparency is the communication of underlying structures to end users and is expressed through the building of interface elements as equal components to visualization, the recording and visual incorporation of usage patterns, and the representation of uncertainty; where hybridity is-in terms of both method and form-expressed through the use of quantitative and qualitative methods to drive visualizations forward and the use of multiple graphical forms to aid in understanding and providing contextual information; and where the investigative quality of visualizations is based on the coordination of grain size and axis of representation with the author's line of inquiry.
by Jia Zhang.
S.M.
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Danziger, Michael (Michael J. ). "Information visualization for the people." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/43199.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Comparative Media Studies, 2008.Includes bibliographical references (p. 85-89).
The design of information visualization, defined as the interactive, graphical presentation of data, is on the verge of a significant paradigm shift brought on by the continued maturation of the Information Age. Its traditional role as a scientific tool deployed by rigorous data analysts is in the process of expanding to include more mainstream uses and users, reflecting fundamental changes to the role of information and data in our increasingly digital society. However, visualization design theory remains rooted in earlier conceptions of its use, largely ignoring the needs of this new, non-expert audience. Accordingly, this thesis attempts to re-contextualize information visualization as a public-facing practice, and explores ways in which its design can shift from being described as "by experts, for experts" to a new characterization as "for the people."
by Michael Danziger.
S.M.
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Jaakonantti, Per. "Visualization of Warehouse Pick Lists: a Case Study at Apotea AB." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-233626.
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Today e-commerce retailers use large warehouses to store goods before they are sold and shipped. One of the main performance issues for Apotea AB, an online pharmacy based in Sweden, is that the staffers who walk around in the warehouse often are delayed in queues or clusters, usually as a result of missing items or difficulties finding items. This paper describes how, based on sparse data, a map-based interactive visualization was created to aid staffers in their task of evaluating how so called pick lists perform. The visualization was evaluated using UMUX-LITE [20] and a grounded model of NOvice’s information VIsualization Sensemaking (NOVIS-model) [17]. Results showed an overall successful design. The main affordance of the visualization was that it showed warehouse performance over time when animation speed was set to maximum, this was enabled by sliders and buttons. The main limitations were found to be a lack of intermediary level of visualization (e.g. heat map overview of an hour) in the visualization and that there was no higher level of data, e.g. incident data, which could be visualized. These limitations represent the core of what this paper identifies as future work.
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Emmoth, Linus. "Case Study of Information Visualization of Cost per Patient in Public Healthcare." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för datavetenskap och medieteknik (DM), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-107378.
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The aim of this work has been to investigate how cost per patient (CPP) data may be visualized for the purposes of Region Östergötland. Visualization could potentially aid decision-makers and managers within the organization who have to deal with aggregated healthcare costs. The work has shown that it is possible to design and implement an interactive web-based visualization tool prototype for the patient data using the Dash visualization library. In order to evaluate how practical the proposed application is from the users’ perspective, interviews have been conducted with the staff of the business intelligence (BI) unit at Region Östergötland. The answers have been positive regarding the usability of the visualization. However, since the application has only served as a prototype yet, further investigations should be made internally to estimate the effect the interactive visualization approach may have on future decision-making processes related to CPP.
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Hao, Dayang. "Content extraction, analysis, and retrieval for plant visual traits studies." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/5704.
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Thesis (M.S.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2008.The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on August 12, 2009) Includes bibliographical references.
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Absar, Rafa. "Enhancing navigation using auditory feedback: a case study of hierarchical information visualization system." Thesis, McGill University, 2012. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=107599.
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Interaction with information systems today mostly consists of a user's unimodal interaction with a text-based or visual information system. However, human-computer interaction studies have illustrated that information can be successfully conveyed through different sensory modalities. This research focuses on the enhancement of the user experience using auditory feedback for the specific case of a 3D-visualized hierarchical information system, by representing some of the structural and navigational cues using nonspeech sounds. It is hypothesized that engaging the auditory modality may aid in navigation tasks, improve users' affective reactions and consequently enhance the overall user experience. The research involves two studies. In the first study, a user-centred semiotic sound design methodology is used, based on a methodology originally used on visually-impaired users. Three panels of end-users are employed to design the required nonspeech sounds. Based on the results of this study, recommendations are made for extending the sound design method to novel interfaces and sighted users.The second study is a controlled experiment that compares user experience with the visualization system and with the auditory-feedback enhanced system. The goal is to evaluate the effect of the auditory feedback on user experience. This effect is measured using a measurement model which draws on concepts derived from three conceptual frameworks, based in Human-Computer Interaction (HCI), Information Science (IS) and auditory interface studies. A combination of measures is examined, including utilitarian variables such as time taken on hierarchy navigation and information retrieval tasks, and accuracy of the answers. Hedonic variables, which influence the affective reactions, were also examined. These include preference, perceived ease of use, usefulness and ease of learning, and user engagement and satisfaction. We observed that 79% of the participants preferred the audio-visual system to the visual-only system. The audio-visual system was also perceived as easier to use and received higher ratings in terms of aesthetic appeal and perceived usability, which are attributes of user engagement. Furthermore, the audio-visual system was often perceived as being faster and more engaging even though no significant differences were observed in terms of utilitarian variables of task times and accuracy. Findings suggest hedonic variables play an important role in enhancing user experience when interacting with information systems. This research contributes to the field of information science by showcasing that designing multimodal information systems with a focus on the user has the potential to improve user experience. Our findings also provides evidence that utilitarian variables need not be the principle focus of user experience enhancement in information navigation and retrieval tasks, as preference appears to be linked to hedonic variables.L'interaction avec les systèmes d'information consiste essentiellement, à l'heure actuelle, en une interaction unimodale, où l'utilisateur se sert d'un système d'information textuel ou graphique. Cependant, les études en interaction humain-machine démontrent que le recours à différentes modalités sensorielles permet de communiquer de l'information de façon enrichissante. La présente recherche porte sur le rehaussement de l'expérience utilisateur au moyen de rétroaction auditive dans un système de visualisation de l'information hiérarchique en trois dimensions, en représentant certains éléments structurels et navigationnels à l'aide de sons non oraux. L'hypothèse de base stipule que la modalité auditive pourrait alléger les tâches de navigation, améliorer les réactions affectives de l'utilisateur et ainsi rehausser l'expérience globale d'utilisation. La recherche comprend deux études. La première étude comporte une méthodologie centrée sur l'utilisateur, basée sur une méthodologie utilisée à l'origine avec des utilisateurs non voyants, pour concevoir des sons ayant une valeur sémiotique. Trois panels d'utilisateurs finaux ont participé à la conception des sons non oraux à utiliser. Les résultats de cette étude permettent de formuler des recommandations afin d'étendre la méthode de conception des sons aux interfaces novatrices et aux utilisateurs voyants. La seconde étude est un essai contrôlé comparant l'expérience d'utilisation du système de visualisation avec celle du système enrichi avec rétroaction auditive. L'objectif est d'évaluer l'effet de la rétroaction auditive sur l'expérience utilisateur. Cet effet est mesuré à l'aide d'un modèle de mesure fondé sur des concepts provenant de trois cadres théoriques : l'interaction humain-machine, les sciences de l'information et l'étude d'interfaces auditives. Une combinaison de mesures est effectuée pour les variables utilitaires telles que le temps requis pour la navigation hiérarchique et pour les tâches de repérage de l'information, et l'exactitude de la réponse. Les variables hédoniques, qui influent sur les réactions affectives, ont également été examinées. Celles-ci comprennent la préférence, la facilité d'utilisation perçue, l'utilité perçue et la facilité d'apprentissage perçue ainsi que l'engagement et la satisfaction de l'utilisateur. Les résultats démontrent que plus de 79% des participants préfèrent le système audiovisuel au système uniquement visuel. Le système audiovisuel est également perçu comme étant plus facile à utiliser et a obtenu des scores plus élevés relativement à l'apparence (l'esthétisme) et à la convivialité perçue, deux attributs de l'engagement de l'utilisateur. Par ailleurs, le système audiovisuel est souvent perçu comme plus rapide et plus engageant, même si aucune différence significative n'a été notée pour les variables utilitaires comme le temps requis pour effectuer les tâches et l'exactitude. Les résultats suggèrent que les variables hédoniques jouent un rôle important dans le rehaussement de l'expérience utilisateur lors d'interactions avec des systèmes d'information. Cette recherche contribue au domaine des sciences de l'information en démontrant que la conception de systèmes d'information multimodaux centrés sur l'utilisateur a le potentiel de rehausser l'expérience utilisateur. Les résultats démontrent également que les variables utilitaires n'ont pas à être le principal indicateur du rehaussement de l'expérience utilisateur pour les tâches de navigation et de repérage de l'information, puisque la préférence semble être liée aux variables hédoniques.
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Drury, Peter. "Information management and intelligence : NHS case studies." Thesis, University of Surrey, 1990. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/843534/.
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As a contribution to the social theory of organisations, this thesis develops a comprehensive conceptual framework for the analysis of "organisational intelligence". It is developed in the context of some of the empirical problems of information management in the NHS. The framework is based on an information processing perspective. It has a number of components, each of which may be used, individually or collectively by information and social analysts. Organisational intelligence is, therefore, a relative concept, being concerned in essence with assessments of contextually appropriate behaviour and/or information. Organisational intelligence focuses on and reflects how actors / organisations do knowledgework. A number of generic knowledgework processes are proposed, together with some associated pathologies. But the question for information management is how to develop the supporting knowledgebase component. The development of information products of, or for, intelligence is another component of the framework. All these processes and products need to be assessed in their historical, political and information-related contexts. Finally, attention is paid to assessments in the light of experience of the issues in question. The case studies are based on material gathered firstly while working as a District Information Officer in a Health Authority, and then as co-ordinator for the project determining the information requirements of the NHS after the 1991. These studies are supplemented by analyses of secondary material. After a series of case studies using the organisational intelligence framework to illustrate different aspects of the information management in the NHS during the 198 0s, there are two detailed local studies, and then one concerning national developments in information policy in the early 1980s, followed by an analysis of the information requirements of the NHS post-Review. Finally, the case study material is drawn together to illustrate some characteristics of the organisation of intelligence.
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The'berge, Marc W. "Three case studies of management information systems." Thesis, Monterey, California : Naval Postgraduate School, 1990. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA238310.
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Thesis (M.S. in Information Systems)--Naval Postgraduate School, September 1990.Thesis Advisor(s): Haga, William J. Second Reader: Zviran, Moshe. "September 1990." Description based on title screen as viewed on December 21, 2009. DTIC Identifier(s): Management Information Systems, Naval Operations, Data Bases, Instructional Materials, Decision Aids, Aviation Accidents, Antisubmarine Warfare, Naval Training, Local Area Networks, Theses. Author(s) subject terms: Case Studies, Database Management Systems, Local Area Networks, Decision Support. Includes bibliographical references. Also available in print.
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丁立興 and Lap-hing Ting. "A case study of information system development." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1993. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31265819.
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Batangouna, Steve Jehu. "Assembly operators and visualization of information contributions on performance measurements. : Case Study at Dalvich Optic." Thesis, Tekniska Högskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, JTH, Industriell organisation och produktion, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-30596.
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This study analyses the way information regarding performance measurements is shared among employees working at the shop floor at Dalvich Optic in Sweden. This study is conducted because many companies failed to implement a system that facilitates daily performance measurements as they neglected the assembly operators’ role in decision making process. Companies focus on measuring wrong parameters and visualize information about performance measurements in wrong way. The purpose of this study is to demonstrate that new Information Technology (IT) artefacts are designed by experts for use by experts. IT artefacts are designed without taking into account assembly operators’ skills, education and experiences. Thus, limiting assembly operators’ ability to achieve daily production goals. Therefore, this study highlights the role of both assembly operators and visualizing information at the shop floor and their impact on performance measurements and productivity. After analysis, this study develops a new IT artefact. The implementation of the new IT artefact at the company leads to a new leadership where management meet assembly operators in a daily basis, creating good environment for direct communication. As a result, the company increased its production by 50 percent compared to the previous year and it has doubled the production compared to 2010. The information about production status became visible and accessible to all employees since the information displayed through the new IT artefact was monitored in an easy-to- understand way. The presentation and visualization of information regarding productivity offered assembly operators and managers the possibility to react quickly when any disparity concerning goal achievement arose. As a result, the new IT artefact enhances assembly operators’ participation at the manufacturing process as well. Assembly operators took active role on manufacturing process since information about performance measurement was compiled and maintained by themselves; thus, positively influencing production outcomes. Furthermore, a new IT artefact created an arena where employees contributed to continuous improvements and problem-solving at work. This study was conducted during a period of six months. Data was gathered through observations, interviews, and meetings with managers and assembly operators at a manufacturing plant. Furthermore, data from books, articles, and journals helped in analysing the way information was visualized and communicated in a manufacturing plant. ADR, Action Design Research method was used to design a new and simple IT artefact that considers employees’ skills, experiences and education.
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Nicolay, William L. "The Use of Efficient Information Systems for Information Acquisition by the Hearing Impaired: A Case Study." PDXScholar, 1989. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/1128.
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This paper presents an exploratory case study focusing on the acquisition of information, through technologically efficient systems, by the hearing impaired. The multiple-case study was conducted during one school year with seven students participating.
While a central question and propositions derived from that question guide the data collection and analysis, this is a hypothesis-building study. The purpose of the study was to generate questions to focus further research of a descriptive or explanatory format.
One question, and the propositions generated by it, dominated this research: How do efficient acquisition systems in the classroom effect academic and social behavior, independent activities, or student, peer, and adult expectations?
Three propositions directed the data collection/analysis of this research. As knowledge increases in students: (1) the rate of academic production will increase; (2) times of independent activities will be focused on productive projects; (3) self-concept will improve as measured by students, peers and adults.
Six sources (documents, physical artifacts, archival records, interviews, direct observations, participant observation) were used to gather data for the analysis of the research project.
The results of this study showed that the students who had only the disability of hearing impairment had significantly different experiences throughout this study than those who evidenced intellectual impairments. Generally, their work output was greater, increased more, and reflected a qualitative change. The data gathered from the unstructured activity periods also clearly show a dissimilar experience.
The hearing impaired students "grew" into increasingly more productive behaviors while the other group showed, for all practical purposes, no change at all.
The analysis of the third proposition was more problematical. The findings are not as clear as the first two propositions because the reporting and recording of data was subject to more interpretation. The indicators may support the proposition that increased learning has a positive effect on self-image.
The results from this study have implications for current educational practices for hearing impaired: (1) Computer and video technology need a directedness not now evident. (2) Placement decisions should be based on expectations and achievements of the various populations served. (3) More sophisticated technology should be placed at the disposal of the classroom teacher.
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Waring, Alan Edward. "Management of change and information technology : three case studies." Thesis, University of Westminster, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.385553.
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Dragomoiris, Lampros. "Visualizing complex data : A use case evaluating an interactive visualization about food purchases." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för medieteknik (ME), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-51955.
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Complex data are being stored daily in databases in an unstructured way. Visualizations techniques can be used to present complex data in a user friendly and understandable way. This thesis presents the implementation of a visualization interactive tool called Eco Donuts. It is part of a set of tools created to visualize complex food data called Ekopanelen. The feature Eco Donuts presents time-dependent food data which are ordered in categories. It gives the opportunity to users to explore their data over time by performing simple interactions. This thesis documents an exploratory study on how this visualization tool can be used to enhance the user experience and provide insights of complex data. The visualization feature was implemented and evaluated with ten participants. The participants were asked to evaluate the visualization tool by accomplishing nine different tasks. The sessions were recorded using a log system as well as video recording. This study shows that the proposed tool can be used to visualize complex information in a user friendly and presentable way.
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Kukka, H. (Hannu). "Case studies in human information behaviour in smart urban spaces." Doctoral thesis, Oulun yliopisto, 2012. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789514298868.
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Abstract This dissertation aims to uncover emerging practices in how people seek information while on the move in augmented urban spaces. The backdrop for a majority of the work presented here is the City of Oulu in Finland, where we have installed a variety of new ubiquitous computing infrastructure and services including, among others, a network of large interactive public displays called UBI-hotspots. The hotspots serve as a versatile platform on top of which new types of services can be developed, deployed and tested in an authentic urban setting with real, non-coached users and a sufficiently long timespan to truly evaluate the impact of such services on the everyday life and practices of the city and its citizens. The case studies presented in this dissertation aim at understanding the effect of such highly visible additions to the urban space from the point of view of human information behaviour. I seek to understand the underlying information seeking strategies people employ while foraging the hotspots for information, and the types of information people see as valuable while attending their daily business in the downtown area of the City. Questions such as how do people utilize the new sources of information in their daily information seeking tasks, and what is the preferred medium for information delivery, are addressed. The theoretical framework for the studies is derived from both ubiquitous and urban computing, and from the field of human information behaviour research. The main findings of the presented studies indicate that people have adapted the new infrastructure and services as parts of their daily information seeking tasks. The detailed usage data logged by all hotspots provide insight into the browsing habits of users, and analysis of inter-session navigation show that various latent strategies of information seeking exist. Further, findings indicate that there is a clear difference between the types of services people perceive as useful prior to using the hotspots, and services that people actually use on the hotspots. Also, findings indicate that people are willing to download information items from the hotspots to their mobile devices for later reference, thus adding information to their personal information repositoryTiivistelmä Tämä väitöskirja pyrkii löytämään ja selittämään uusia tapoja joilla ihmiset etsivät informaatiota älykkäissä kaupunkitiloissa. Tausta suurelle osalle työstä on Oulun kaupunki, jonne olemme asentaneet erilaisia jokapaikan tietotekniikan laitteistoja sekä palveluja. Erityisesti väitöskirjassa tutkitaan suurten julkisten näyttöjen – ”UBI-näyttöjen” – verkostoa. UBI-näytöt toimivat monipuolisena alustana jonka päällä uusia palveluja voidaan kehittää sekä testata autenttisessa kaupunkitilassa todellisten käyttäjien toimesta riittävän pitkällä aikavälillä, joka puolestaan mahdollistaa palveluiden todellisen merkittävyyden arvioimisen suhteessa ihmisten jokapäiväiseen informaatiokäyttäytymiseen sekä informaatiotarpeisiin. Väitöskirjassa esitetyt tapaustutkimukset pyrkivät ymmärtämään tällaisten erittäin näkyvien tietoteknisten laitteiden vaikutusta ihmisten käyttäytymiseen informaatiotutkimuksen näkökulmasta. Tarkastelun kohteena ovat ihmisten jokapäiväiseen tiedonhakuun liittyvät strategiat heidän käyttäessään UBI-näyttöjä, sekä erilaiset informaatiotyypit joita ihmiset pitävät tärkeinä hoitaessaan jokapäiväisiä asioitaan kaupunkitiloissa. Kysymykset kuten kuinka ihmiset käyttävät uusia informaation lähteitä etsiessään tietoa jokapäiväisiin tarpeisiinsa sekä millä laitteilla ihmiset mieluiten etsivät ko. tietoa ohjaavat suurta osaa tutkimuksesta. Tutkimuksen teoreettinen viitekehys muodostuu jokapaikan tietotekniikan tutkimuksesta, urbaanin tietotekniikan tutkimuksesta, sekä ihmisten informaatiokäyttäytymisen tutkimuksesta. Tutkimuksen tärkeimmät löydökset osoittavat että ihmiset ovat ottaneet uudet tietotekniset resurssit osaksi päivittäistä informaatiokäyttäytymistään. Yksityiskohtainen lokitieto yhdistettynä haastattelu- ja havainnointidataan tarjoaa syvällisen näkemyksen käyttäjien tiedontarpeisiin. Dataa analysoimalla olemme havainneet joukon strategioita joita ihmiset käyttävät etsiessään tietoa kaupunkitiloissa. Tutkimus osoittaa myös, että ihmisten oletettujen tiedontarpeiden sekä havainnoidun käyttäytymisen välillä on suuria eroavaisuuksia. Käyttäjät ovat myös halukkaita lataamaan tietosisältöä matkapuhelimiinsa myöhempää käyttöä varten, täten lisäten tietoa omaan henkilökohtaiseen tietovarastoonsa
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Browne, Cheree M., and Osman Mentes. "Case Studies on UN Information Operations Ethiopia, Liberia, and Kosovo." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/17419.
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Approved for public release; distribution is unlimitedOver the past ten years, the demand for UN Information Operations (IO) has grown, with the UN initiating or strengthening seventeen peacekeeping operations and increasing the number of deployed UN personnel. Given the growing demand for UN peacekeeping, we will examine, assess, and make recommendations for increasing UN Information operations during peacekeeping (IODP) effectiveness. This thesis will focus on UN information operations from a tactical methodology of peacekeeping operations utilizing the information hierarchy of needs in a post conflict situation. To determine whether the United Nations has established IODP, the following questions are addressed What is more important the IO message or the information system (IS) Is a successful system sufficient for IO success What is the information hierarchy What impact does the information hierarchy have on peacekeeping operations Who should deliver the message How should the message be delivered What is the structure for evaluating UN IODP When, where, and how has the UN succeeded in utilizing IODP in missions Where has it failed and what were the IO issues it faced How can the United Nations and member countries better utilize information operations How can the United Nations utilize the information hierarchy to garner public support in post-conflict environments How can the United Nations counter competing information How do you manage expectations in a post conflict situation Are the tools used by the United Nations for managing expectations during peacekeeping operations effective Specifically, in this thesis, we examine(1) the evolution of UN IODP over the past decade; (2) the characteristics of ongoing IODP in case studies from Kosovo, Liberia, and Eritrea-Ethiopia; (3) the current structure for evaluating the UN IODP and the challenges, if any, the current structure poses, specifically in the previously mentioned case; and (4) countering disinformation efforts in IODP case studies.
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Hudson-Mabbs, Sheri. "Influences on the use of evaluation information: Three Case Studies." Thesis, Hudson-Mabbs, Sheri (1993) Influences on the use of evaluation information: Three Case Studies. Masters by Coursework thesis, Murdoch University, 1993. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/41116/.
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Lamb, Christopher J. "Use of double-loop learning to combat advanced persistent threat| Multiple case studies." Thesis, Capella University, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3607034.
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The Advanced Persistent Threat (APT) presents an ever present and more growing threat to organizations across the globe. Traditional Information Technology (IT) incident response falls short in effectively addressing this threat. This researcher investigated the use of single-loop and double-loop learning in two organizations with internal incident response processes designed to combat the APT. Two cases were examined within organizations employing an internal incident response team. The third case was examined from an organization providing incident response as a service in addressing APT compromises. The study developed four themes: the inefficacy of single-loop learning in addressing APT, the need for better visibility within corporate infrastructure, the need for continuous improvement and bi-directional knowledge flow, and the need for effective knowledge management. Based on these themes, a conceptual model was developed modifying the traditional incident response process. Three implications were derived from the research. First, perimeter defense falls short when addressing the APT. Second, the preparation phase of incident response requires modification along with the addition of a new baseline loop phase running contiguously with the entire process. Finally, opportunistic learning needs to be encouraged in addressing the APT.
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Suwaidan, Mishiel Said. "Voluntary disclosure of accounting information : the case of Jordan." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.337395.
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The focus of this study is the voluntary disclosure of information in corporate annual reports in Jordan, and its objectives are threefold: (1) to evaluate voluntary disclosure practices in the annual reports of Jordanian companies listed on the Amman Financial Market (AFM); (2) to examine the relationship between a number of explanatory variables and the extent of voluntary disclosure; and (3) to investigate the impact of raising equity capital on the AFM on the voluntary disclosure behaviour of companies which raised equity capital on the AFM. The findings of the study revealed that the actual level of voluntary disclosure in Jordanian corporate annual reports is low, with 61% of the items disclosed in less than half the annual reports. In addition, the study found that annual report disclosure varies from one type of information to another, with both the balance sheet and income statement information notably better disclosed than other types of information, such as forecast information. The study also found that the level of voluntary disclosure varies depending on certain company characteristics. The results of univariate and multivariate analyses identified the size of the company, size of auditing firm, government ownership and the industry type to be significant variables in explaining variation in the level of disclosure. Among these variables, size was the most important and was also the most important variable in explaining variation in the disclosure of different types of information and within each industry. Finally, the study found that companies have significantly increased their level of voluntary disclosure around the time they raised equity capital in AFM, compared with that of a control group.
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Huotari, Maiija-Leena. "Information management and competitive advantage : a case study approach." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.319480.
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Barnes, Deborah M. (Deborah Manning). "Information Use Environment of Self-managed Teams : A Case Study." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1996. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc277880/.
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This research investigated how self-managed teams get the information they need to perform their job tasks. Two important factors prompted this study: the growing importance of self-managed teams in the workplace and the impact of the information system on team performance.
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Jakobsson, Louise. "The Value of Redesigning Visualization Tools : A case study on carbon emissions data." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för datavetenskap och medieteknik (DM), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-105922.
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Organizations can reduce carbon emissions by collecting data on what their emissions are and replace activities that are emission dense. To aid exploration, emission data can be visualized using a data visualization tool. A basic principle of designing a data visualization tool is the Visual Information Seeking Mantra (VISM): Overview first, zoom and filter, then details-on-demand. The company Measure & Change, which created a tool automating the retrieval and calculation of an organization’s emission data, has also designed a visualization tool for exploring such data. However, this tool was not created with the VISM in mind. This thesis discusses and evaluate (1) How can the data visualization tool be optimized using the design principle of Overview first, zoom and filter, details-on-demand? and (2) What is the impact of re-designing the data visualization tool in such a way? Through analysis of the dataset, user tasks, and the Visual Information Seeking Mantra, a new prototype was created. Both prototypes were then evaluated in A/B tests, with thinking aloud, a semi-structured interview, and the standardized ICE-T survey. The results suggest that the changes improved the tool, and that the user value increased. The ICE-T scores put the old implementation at 4.7, and the new prototype at 6. Visualizations scoring 5 or higher are generally accepted as valuable.
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Urwin, Gerry. "Learning from complex information systems implementation : case studies in ERP projects." Thesis, Henley Business School, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.268860.
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Vinoles, Gomez Maria V. "Consumer Economic Behavior and the Role of Information: Three Case Studies." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/52568.
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The economics of information is a relatively new and important field of economics. This dissertation analyzes the role of information in three case studies within three different branches of economics: health economics, environmental economics, and finance and banking. First I analyze parental nutritional label usage and its effect of children's dietary outcomes (i.e. Health Eating Index and Body Mass Index). I show that parental usage of nutritional labels is associated with a better quality of their children's diet as well as an overall improvement in their health as measured by their Body Mass Index. Secondly, I study the behavioral effect of length of residency on water demand in the arid cities of Reno and Sparks in Nevada. In this case, I observe that social interaction among households affects their water usage. In particular, newcomers' watering behaviors are influenced by the prevailing social norms among neighbors that have lived in the arid area for a longer period of time. Finally, I compare the performance of local versus larger national and regional lending institutions in the years leading to the 2007 mortgage crisis. I find that local or community lenders have a significantly lower foreclosure rate during these years. Local lenders presumably base their origination decisions on an interpersonal relationship with their customers. This provides them with information that is not contained within the standard risk metrics generally used in loan applications. I discuss the policy implications of these results for each case study.Ph. D.
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Tramullas, Jesús, and Ana I. Sánchez-Casabón. "Scientific information retrieval behavior: A case study in students of Philosophy." Madrid: Univ. Autónoma de Madrid, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/252852.
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The behavior and patterns of recovery and processing of digital information by users is a recurring theme in the literature. The study of these behaviors are carried out through observation techniques and analysis of processes, actions and decisions undertaken by users in different situations. This paper presents the data resulting from the study of patterns of recovery and management of reference information of three consecutive courses of a specialized subject. The findings obtained showed a clear difference between patterns of information retrieval and obtained prior to the end of the training process, but there has been a significant change in the ultimate goal of users or appreciable changes in their prospects for application in other environments.
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Hua, David M. "Persistence factors of women in information tecnology : a multiple case study analysis." CardinalScholar 1.0, 2010. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1560837.
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Women have historically been underrepresented in the field of information technology.
The literature related to the underrepresentation of women in information technology has focused
on developing strategies for attracting more females into the industry. Despite these efforts, the number of women in information technology has been declining. The factors that contribute to
the career persistence of women in information technology were investigated. An exploratory
multiple case study methodology was used with nine women who have been employed in the
information technology field for a minimum of five years. The subjects underwent a series of two
interviews that focused on the reasons why they thought they had been able to have sustained
careers in information technology. A qualitative analysis of the interviews was conducted to
determine the factors that the subjects identified as contributors to their career persistence. The interviews were also analyzed to discover whether women that have had sustained careers in information technology conceptualize their experiences from particular feminist perspectives.
The findings provided insights into the following factors that contribute to career
persistence among women in information technology. These factors included how a woman
2 transitioned into her first information technology position, personal traits, effective career strategies, and effective coping strategies. While there will be individual differences, each subject
presented that a combination of the stated factors directly contributed to her sustained career in information technology.
Women in information technology were found to conceptualize their experiences through
a variety of feminist perspectives. The existential feminist perspective was used extensively as a
rationale for how societal expectations shape peoples view of women in information technology.
The Marxist/socialist feminist and radical feminist perspectives were utilized when describing the barriers against women in information technology. The liberal feminist and postmodern feminist perspectives served as a foundation for recommendations to increase the likelihood for women entering and staying in the field of information technology.Department of Educational Leadership
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Shin, Dong Hee Venkatesh Murali. "The development of broadband public networks two case studies (New York) /." Related electronic resource: Current Research at SU : database of SU dissertations, recent titles available full text, 2004. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/syr/main.
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Romero, Mario. "Supporting human interpretation and analysis of activity captured through overhead video." Doctoral thesis, Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/29771.
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Thesis (Ph.D)--Computing, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2010.Committee Chair: Gregory Abowd; Committee Member: Elle Yi-Luen Do; Committee Member: James Foley; Committee Member: John Peponis; Committee Member: John Stasko. Part of the SMARTech Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Collection.
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Murray, Steven C. "Interpreting teachers' utilizations of information technologies : case studies of four Central Ohio Secondary Social Studies Teachers /." The Ohio State University, 1999. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1488192960170533.
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Al-Salti, Zahran. "An investigation of knowledge transfer in information systems (IS) outsourcing." Thesis, Brunel University, 2011. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/6500.
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Inter-organisational knowledge transfer is of central interest both as an academic topic and in business practice. However, despite the attention given to the importance of this subject from different perspectives in various contexts, little is known about how knowledge is transferred from vendors to clients in information systems (IS) outsourcing. This research attempts to address this apparent theoretical and empirical deficiency by providing a deeper understanding and more holistic analysis of the key factors which facilitate or inhibit knowledge transfer success in IS outsourcing. This study employed a qualitative, multiple case study approach in the interpretive paradigm. Data was collected mainly from the IS departments of three public sector organisations in Oman. Oman was chosen as the context for the study due to its rapid growth in recent years and the opportunity to consider the many major IS outsourcing projects which have been undertaken by its public sector. Through semi-structured interviews, this study explored the perspectives of the internal IS staff on their experience of knowledge transfer and learning from vendors through various IS outsourcing projects. Written and electronic documentations as well as non-participant observations also served as important triangulation and complementary sources in understanding the phenomenon being studied and as means of gaining additional perspectives and further insights on key issues. The empirical evidence demonstrated that there are five sets of factors which facilitate or inhibit knowledge transfer success in IS outsourcing. These are: knowledge (knowledge tacitness and knowledge complexity), client (learning intent, absorptive capacity and motivation), vendor (vendor capability, vendor credibility and vendor openness), relationship (relationship quality, relationship duration, relationship governance and organisational distance) and knowledge transfer mechanisms (formal and informal). The findings of this study contributed and extended the growing body of research on IS outsourcing by developing a novel, holistic conceptual framework which examined five sets of factors that impact knowledge transfer success. Additionally, it provided prescriptive value for practitioners seeking to realise efficient and effective knowledge transfer in IS outsourcing.
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Qiu, Bin. "Next Generation Information Communication Infrastructure and Case Studies for Future Power Systems." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/27308.
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As the power industry enters the new century, powerful driving forces, uncertainties and new services and functions are compelling electric utilities to make dramatic changes in the way they communicate. Expanding network services such as real time monitoring are also driving the need for more increasing bandwidth in the communication network backbone. These needs will grow further as new remote real-time protection and control applications become more feasible and pervasive. This dissertation addresses two main issues for the future power system information infrastructure: communication network infrastructure and associated power system applications.
Optical network no doubt will become the predominate network for the next generation power system communication. The rapid development of fiber optic network technology poses new challenges in the areas of topology design, network management and real time applications. Based on advanced fiber optic technologies, an all-fiber network was investigated and proposed. The study will cover the system architecture and data exchange protocol aspects.
High bandwidth, robust optical network could provide great opportunities to the power system for better service and efficient operation. In the dissertation, different applications were investigated. One of the typical applications is the SCADA information accessing system. An Internet-based application for the substation automation system will be presented. VLSI (Very Large Scale Integration) technology is also used for one-line diagrams auto-generation. High transition rate and low latency optical network is especially suitable for power system real time control. In the dissertation, a new local area network based Load Shedding Controller (LSC) for isolated power system will be presented. By using PMU and fiber optic network, an AGE (Area Generation Error) based accurate wide area load shedding scheme will also be proposed. The objective is to shed the load in the limited area with minimum disturbance.Ph. D.
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Medler, Ben. "Play with data - an exploration of play analytics and its effect on player expereinces." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/44888.
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In a time of 'Big Data,' 'Personal Informatics' and 'Infographics' the definitions of data visualization and data analytics are splintering rapidly. When one compares how Fortune 500 companies are using analytics to optimize their supply chains and lone individuals are visualizing their Twitter messages, we can see how multipurpose these areas are becoming. Visualization and analytics are frequently exhibited as tools for increasing efficiency and informing future decisions. At the same time, they are used to produce artworks that alter our perspectives of how data is represented and analyzed. During this time of turbulent reflection within the fields of data visualization and analytics, digital games have been going through a similar period of data metamorphosis as players are increasingly being connected and tracked through various platform systems and social networks. The amount of game-related data collected and shared today greatly exceeds that of previous gaming eras and, by utilizing the domains of data visualization and analytics, this increased access to data is poised to reshape, and continue to reshape, how players experience games.
This dissertation examines how visualization, analytics and games intersect into a domain with a fluctuating identity but has the overall goal to analyze game-related data. At this intersection exists play analytics, a blend of digital systems and data analysis methods connecting players, games and their data. Play analytic systems surround the experience of playing a game, visualizing data collected from players and act as external online hubs where players congregate. As part of this dissertation's examination of play analytics, over eighty systems are analyzed and discussed. Additionally, a user study was conducted to test the effects play analytic systems have on a player's gameplay behavior. Both studies are used to highlight how play analytic systems function and are experienced by players. With millions of players already using play analytics systems, this dissertation provides a chronicle of the current state of play analytics, how the design of play analytics systems may shift in the future and what it means to play with data.
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Ouma, Onyango Richard Allen. "Strategic national information management and technology transfer : the case of Kenya." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 1991. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=21300.
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This is a study of information management in technology transfer, industrialisation and national economic development. It is based on a case study of Kenya. It argues for national information management as an aid to informed strategic decision making in technology identification, selection and negotiation. It proposes that effective technology transfer to developing countries depends on the information management capability of the national institutions responsible for managing the process because institutions are information processing organs. National institutions can support the technology transfer process by making the internal and external environment transparent for the economic agents in the country. They can create the environment in which learning takes place by supporting decision making based on information and using the best expertise. To support the process, national institutions require to build institutional memory and proceduralise the transfer of lessons between projects. This is the way to advance indigenous technological capability. Institutionalising informed decision making is necessary if a developing country like Kenya is to benefit from developments accompanying the new information technologies. Institutional reorganisation should, therefore, be at the centre of national information and informatics policies. Two project case studies from Kenya are used to demonstrate the argument.
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Fan, Shaokun. "Three Case Studies On Business Collaboration And Process Management." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/242374.
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The importance of collaboration has been recognized for more than 2000 years. While recent improvement in technology creates vast opportunities for collaboration, effective collaboration remains challenging as ad hoc teams work across time, geographical, language, and technical boundaries, and suffer from process inefficiency. My dissertation addresses part of these challenges by proposing theoretical frameworks for business collaboration and process management. Case study is used as a research strategy for this thesis and it consists of three studies. The first study proposes a process modeling framework to support efficient process model design via model transformation and validation. First, we divide process modeling into three layers and formally define three layers of workflow models. Then, we develop a procedure for transforming a conceptual process model into its corresponding logical process model. Third, we create a validation procedure that can validate whether the derived logical model is consistent with its original conceptual model. The second study proposes a framework for analyzing the relationship between interaction processes and collaboration efficiency in software issue resolution in open source community. We first develop an algorithm to identify frequent interaction process structures referred to as interaction process patterns. Then, we assess patterns' impact through a time-dependent Cox regression model. By applying the interaction process analysis framework to software issue resolution processes, we identify several patterns that are significantly correlated with collaboration efficiency. We further conduct a case study to validate the findings of pattern efficiency in software issue resolution. The third study addresses the issue of suitability of virtual collaboration. Virtual collaboration seems to work well for some cases, but not for others. We define collaboration virtualization as the suitability for a task to be conducted virtually and propose a Collaboration Virtualization Theory (CVT) to explain collaboration virtualization. Three categories (i.e., task, technology, and team) of constructs that determine the suitability of collaboration virtualization are derived from a systematic literature review of related areas. In summary, this dissertation addresses challenges in collaboration and process management, and we believe that our research will have important theoretical and practical impacts on the development of collaboration management systems.
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Nord, Malin, and Henrik Vestgöte. "Multi-touch in control systems : Two case studies." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Informationssystem, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-144079.
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During the last thirty years the progress of multi-touch technology has been a hot topic of discussion. Despite this, it has not been deployed in anything more advanced than commercials, games and illustrations. We believe that the time has come for the technology to become a broader and more advanced field. It should even be feasible to introduce the multi-touch technology into important environments e.g. control rooms. Two project based case studies, involving multi-touch in different aspects, will be described and discussed respectively. The first case study discusses the introduction of a Microsoft Surface as a collaboration tool in a control room environment. A prototype was built and evaluated to see how well it could work in a stressful and complex area where collaboration between colleagues is vital. The second case study describes the development and possible deployment of a smaller multi-touch screen that would work as an extra input to the control system. Its purpose is to facilitate the navigation in a control system for the operators, thereby easing their cognitive load and making the control room a more comfortable working place. The research of the case studies was based on interviews with operators and developers. From the research result appliance methods and designs were developed, and prototypes were constructed out of the best ones. The prototypes were then analyzed and tested for later evaluation and discussion. To see, whether or not the new multi-touch prototypes would function well in a control system. The objective of this thesis is to attempt to introduce multi-touch technology in control systems
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Yeung, Mei-nai Carina, and 楊美娜. "Urban purifier + information cells." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2001. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31986225.
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Abd-El-Naby, Yasser Kamal El-Sayed. "Accounting information system in the water industry : the case of cost management." Thesis, Sheffield Hallam University, 2002. http://shura.shu.ac.uk/19188/.
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Water is a primary human need. The supply of water has not increased in the face of population growth. At present severe pressure exists on water supplies in California and along the river system both in the developed and developing world (especially in the case of the Nile in Egypt). Whatever our policy stance towards the economics of water supply (the liberal market, social democracy and democratic socialism), cost management and processes are central to the water sector. The control or governing ideas within which cost management takes place are the two major concerns of this thesis. These two issues were explored in a case study of the General Organisation for the Greater Cairo Water Supply, focusing specifically upon government policy, administrative controls, the influence of public sector bodies and other customers. Control procedures, the perceptions and experiences of managers (regarding policy choice), cost management policies and practices, environmental demands (both market and physical), were all sought. Data was collected from multiple sources (triangulation) involving interviews, questionnaires, documentation, direct observation and participant observation. The research findings showed that the practice of cost management has developed. Reasons were multi-fold: (a) To keep costs well above revenue (b) To engender a factor-resources cost and technical approach to cost management (for efficiency and optimisation) (c) To deflect any attention away from strategic cost management (d) To engender an organisational belief that ambiguity and unpredictability in the environmental market is impossible to handle (e) To deny the relevance of customer cost/usage efficiency as a matter of systemic significance. This 'evolution of control' is explained through the theoretical context of institutional theory; demonstrating how values, beliefs and modes of regulation have produced a technical and passive non-reactive control system.
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Figg, Jennifer E. "Expanding Eco-Visualization: Sculpting Corn Production." VCU Scholars Compass, 2015. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/4028.
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This dissertation expands upon the definition of eco-visualization artwork. EV was originally defined in 2006 by Tiffany Holmes as a way to display the real time consumption statistics of key environmental resources for the goal of promoting ecological literacy. I assert that the final forms of EV artworks are not necessarily dependent on technology, and can differ in terms of media used, in that they can be sculptural, video-based, or static two-dimensional forms that communicate interpreted environmental information. There are two main categories of EV: one that is predominantly screen-based and another that employs a variety of modes of representation to visualize environmental information.
EVs are political acts, situated in a charged climate of rising awareness, operating within the context of environmentalism and sustainability. I discuss a variety of EV works within the frame of ecopsychology, including EcoArtTech’s Eclipse and Keith Deverell’s Building Run; Andrea Polli’s Cloud Car and Particle Falls; Nathalie Miebach’s series, The Sandy Rides; and Natalie Jeremijenko’s Mussel Choir.
The range of EV works provided models for my creative project, Sculpting Corn Production, and a foundation from which I developed a creative methodology. Working to defeat my experience of solastalgia, Sculpting Corn Production is a series of discrete paper sculptures focusing on American industrial corn farming. This EV also functions as a way for me to understand our devastated monoculture landscapes and the politics, economics, and related areas of ecology of our food production.
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Liu, Yuen-hung Jacqueline, and 廖婉虹. "Facing the challenge of digital information technology." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2001. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31972524.
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Wong, Edward Sek. "An heuristically critical reflective practititioner researches the explication of tacit knowledge in three case studies investigating a Web-based knowledge management system and in professional academic practice." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2003. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1312.
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In this thesis, I report on a critical and reflective practitioner heuristic inquiry investigating three case studies on the adoption and use of a Web-based knowledge management system. In addition, I investigate the research process itself and my own professional academic practices. Of particular interest is the conversion of group's, individual's, and eventually my own tacit knowledge into explicit knowledge, whether in the organisational or personal domains. In this thesis, I seek to explain why the explication of tacit knowledge is important for individuals, organisations, and me, with a potential to motivate efficiency and effectiveness and especially empowerment within an ethical emergence.
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Ducrou, Jon. "Design for conceptual knowledge processing case studies in applied formal concept analysis /." Access electronically, 2007. http://www.library.uow.edu.au/adt-NWU/public/adt-NWU20080919.093612/index.html.
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Wang, Yan. "Chinese entrepreneurship and cluster formation : multi-case studies from east China." Thesis, University of Central Lancashire, 2011. http://clok.uclan.ac.uk/3718/.
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Cluster is not a new phenomenon, having existed in different forms for a long time. Although a large amount of work has been dedicated to cluster research (Marshall, 1920; Krugman, 1995; Schmitz 1997; Porter, 1998; Wilson and Popp, 2003), there is still a lack of convincing explanations as to how and why clusters are created. Reviewing the different definitions of ‘cluster’ from previous studies, produces the interesting finding that most of the cluster definitions neglect one key element – the ‘actor’ – that is, the individuals who are involved in the process of founding new businesses that give rise to cluster formation. Recognising the values and shortcomings of the extant studies on clusters, this thesis aims to establish a conceptual framework and attempt to advance the understanding of the cluster formation process from an alternative view. The purpose is to answer the research questions of how and why cluster are formed, how different actors interact with key institutional factors relevant to cluster creation and how these actors themselves make sense of the cluster creation process, particularly in the Chinese context. This research employs a qualitative approach comprising semi-structured in-depth interviews, which seek to uncover the depth and richness of the living experiences of different actors with the SME clusters. Fieldwork was completed in multi-phases involving a preliminary data collection in phase one, followed by a further data collection in the second and subsequent phases through re-interviewing the key informants. The findings of the three empirical case studies echoed the claims that the very notion of a cluster is a dynamic, and for some a ‘Chaotic’ one (Martin and Sunley, 2003). This highlights the importance of a comprehensive framework to address the complex web of elements that are involved in cluster formation. The result of the thesis also indicates that individual (entrepreneurs & social relations), and the social interactions among individuals and their institutional context are the key ingredients for forming clusters. It is suggested that the established conceptual framework, based upon the theories of institutionalisation, social embeddedness and sensemaking, can help to fill the gap in the extant cluster research and pave the way for future research.
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Kamw, Farah Shleemon. "UTILIZING BIG TRAJECTORY DATA FOR URBAN VISUAL ANALYTICS AND ACCESSIBILITY STUDIES." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1555254527369841.
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Azad, Bizhan. "Management of enterprise-wide Geographic Information Systems implementation : exploration of five case studies." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/9307.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, February 1999.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 310-323).
The existing research has confirmed that the implementation of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) requires management support. The content and process of this management support is not yet fully known. This dissertation addresses the latter gap through five (5) detailed case studies of local government jurisdictions that have implemented enterprise-wide GIS. The research framework is based on the diffusion of innovations model. However, it goes beyond the "adopt/not adopt" characterization of the implementation process. The recognition of this process complexity during implementation is based on three potential distinct characteristics of enterprise-wide GIS projects: (a) existence of a series of management actions and activities during implementation which are observed in practice and go beyond the "adopt/not adopt" formulation; (b) management complexities of enterprise-wide GIS which are distinct from single-project GIS: and (c) certainty of problems and setbacks occurring given the inevitable organizational and technological challenges of enterprise-wide GIS. It is proposed that these characteristics can be better understood and captured through a model of GIS implementation which incorporates the following five (5) management processes: (i) the influence of organizational environment and context; (ii) the emergent process of planning; (iii) the vision building process; (iv) the process of acquiring and managing resources; and (v) the process of coping with setbacks and problems. The empiric,/ data to analyze these processes was based on five (5) cases. The selected cases, although presumed to be from a pool of successful cites, proved otherwise. This shortcoming, however, was turned into a useful analytical device by performing comparative analysis of the five (5) processes across the five cases on the basis of different levels of success. The analysis provided preliminary confirmation of the existence of the five (5) processes. It also gave insights in terms of details of what, how and why certain management actions and activities were taken in support of GIS implementation. However, conclusive confirmatory test remains a task of further research. Most significantly, the quality of the management process regarding "coping with setbacks and problems" during implementation appeared to be higher in the cases that were assessed to be experiencing a higher level of success with enterprise-wide GIS. The recommendations for further research include further refinements of the process of "coping with setbacks and problems'' as well as its testing through more case studies and survey research.
by Bizhan Azad.
Ph.D.
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Lynch, Jay S. (Jay Sylphide). "Introducing geographic information systems technologies to public authorities : a case study of MASSPORT." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/68246.
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Ma, Jian James. "People, Processes, and Products: Case Studies in Open-Source Software Using Complex Networks." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/217072.
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Open-source software becomes increasingly popular nowadays. Many startup companies and small business owners choose to adopt open source software packages to meet their daily office computing needs or to build their IT infrastructure. Unlike proprietary software systems, open source software systems usually have a loosely-organized developer collaboration structure. Developers work on their "assignments" on a voluntary basis. Many developers do not physically meet their "co-workers." This unique developer collaboration pattern leads to unique software development process, and hence unique structure of software products. It is those unique characteristics of open source software that motivate this dissertation study. Our research follows the framework of the four key elements of software engineering: Project, People, Process and Product (Jacobson, Booch et al. 1999). This dissertation studies three of the four P's: People, Process and Product. Due to the large sizes and high complexities of many open source software packages, the traditional analysis methods and measures in software engineering can not be readily leveraged to analyze those software packages. In this dissertation, we adopt complex network theory to perform our analysis on open source software packages, software development process, and the collaboration among software developers. We intend to discover some common characteristics that are shared by different open source software packages, and provide a possible explanation of the development process of those software products. Specifically we represent real world entities, such as open source software source code or developer collaborations, with networks composed of inter-connected vertices. We then leverage the topological metrics that have been established in complex network theory to analyze those networks. We also propose our own random network growth model to illustrate open source software development processes. Our research results can be potentially used by software practitioners who are interested to develop high quality software products and reduce the risks in the development process. Chapter 1 is an introduction of the dissertation's structure and research scope. We aim at studying open source software with complex networks. The details of the 4-P framework will be introduced in that chapter. Chapter 2 analyzes five C-language based open source software packages by leveraging function dependency networks. That chapter calculates the topological measures of the dependency networks extracted from software source code. Chapter 3 analyzes the collaborative relationship among open source software developers. We extract developer's co-working data out of two software bug fixing data sets. Again by leveraging complex network theory, we find out a number of topological characteristics of the software developer networks, such as the scale-free property. We also realize the topological differences between from the bug side and from the developer side for the extracted bipartite networks. Chapter 4 is to compare two widely adopted clustering coefficient definitions, the one proposed by Watts and Strogatz, the other by Newman. The analytical similarities and differences between the two clustering coefficient definitions provide useful guidance to the proposal of the random network growth model that is presented in the next chapter. Chapter 5 aims to characterize the open source software development process. We propose a two-phase network growth model to illustrate the software development process. Our model describes how different software source code units interconnect as the size of the software grows. A case study was performed by using the same five open source software packages that have been adopted in Chapter 2. The empirical results demonstrate that our model provides a possible explanation on the process of how open source software products are developed. Chapter 6 concludes the dissertation and highlights the possible future research directions.
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Khangala, Busisiwe Nobuhle. "An investigation into the prevalence of knowledge management practices within the libraries of two institutions on the verge of a merger : Cape Technikon and Peninsula Technikon." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/16363.
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Assignment (MA)--University of Stellenbosch, 2004.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: In terms of the Higher Education Act, 1997 (Act No. 101 of 1997: Notice no: 1700), the Cape Technikon and the Peninsula Technikon will merge on 1 January 2005 to become a single institution known as the Cape Peninsula University of Technology. This merger is part of the South African government’s effort to streamline education spending priorities, whilst evening out the differences between historically white and historically black institutions. During the apartheid era the Peninsula Technikon was established mainly for black (i.e. Coloured and African) students and the Cape Technikon for white students. There are a number of problems and challenges that can be expected by these institutions before, during and after the merger. These include, among others, identity crises that might result from the clash of different cultures because of the different backgrounds of these two institutions. If the merger is not handled properly, especially where human and cultural issues are concerned, it might not be successful. Higher education institutions are recognized as being in the knowledge business, and libraries play a central role in this regard. Academic librarians specifically have a significant knowledge management role to play in their institutions. In the case of the Cape Technikon and Peninsula Technikon libraries, it would thus be very important to understand each institution’s culture and what their existing knowledge management practices are, so that by the time of the actual merger they will know how to cooperate productively and effectively. Given the complexity of mergers and their wide ranging ramifications, as well as potential problems that might hamper the smooth operations of the institutions, the aim of this study was to investigate the knowledge management practices of the libraries of these two institutions. Thereafter recommendations were made, based on the findings, as to how to apply knowledge management practices to increase the capabilities of the two institutions’ libraries and enhance their operational efficiency. The methods of investigation were qualitative in nature and comprised questionnaires which were filled in by the librarians of both institutions as well as in-depth interviews with senior staff members of both libraries. The study also made other observations which related to the feel of the environments and people’s attitude which were also quite revealing. Although both libraries displayed knowledge management practices, the Cape Technikon was found to be more advanced in some regards than the Peninsula Technikon. Finally, recommendations were made on how to apply certain specific knowledge management practices successfully after the merger. These included a recommendation that both institutions ensure that there are processes in place to ensure that knowledge is recorded on an ongoing basis.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: In terme van die Wet op Hoër Onderwys, 1997 (Wet Nr 101 van 1997: Kennisgewing Nr: 1700), sal die Kaapse Technikon en die Skiereiland Technikon op 1 Januarie 2005 saamsmelt om ’n enkele instelling te word, naamlik die Kaapse Skiereiland Universiteit van Tegnologie. Hierdie samesmelting is deel van die Suid-Afrikaanse regering se poging om die prioriteite op opleidingsuitgawes te stroomlyn, terwyl die verskille tussen wat histories wit en swart instellings was, uitgestryk word. Gedurende die Apartheid era was die Skiereiland Technikon veral vir swart studente (m.a.w. Gekleurdes en Afrikane), en die Kaapse Technikon vir wit studente. Daar is talle probleme en uitdagings wat verwag kan word by hierdie instellings voor, gedurende en na die samesmelting. Hierdie sluit in, onder andere, identiteitskrisisse wat dalk kan opduik as gevolg van die verskillende agtergronde van hierdie twee instellings. As die samesmelting nie behoorlik hanteer word nie, veral wat menslike en kulturele kwessies betref, kan dit onsuksesvol wees. Instellings vir hoër onderwys word erken as in die besigheid van kennis, en biblioteke speel ‘n sentrale rol in hierdie opsig. Spesifiek akademiese bibliotekarisse het ’n rol om te speel in die behandeling, of bestuur, van kennis. In die geval van die Kaapse Technikon en Skiereiland Technikon se biblioteke, sou dit dus baie belangrik wees om elke instelling se kultuur te verstaan, en om hulle huidige metodes van kennisbestuur te ken, sodat dit teen die tyd van die samesmelting moontlik is om produktief en effektief saam te werk. Aangesien samesmeltings kompleks is met verreikende vertakkings, sowel as potensiële probleme wat dalk die gladde werking van die instellings kan verhinder, is die doel van hierdie studie om die praktyke van kennisbestuur in die biblioteke van hierdie twee instellings te ondersoek. Daarna, gebaseer op die bevindings, is voorstelle gemaak met verwysing na die toepassing van kennisbestuurspraktyke, sodat die twee instellings se biblioteke se bekwaamhede kan vermeerder en hul doeltreffendheid verhoog kan word. Die metodes van ondersoek is kwalitatief en bestaan uit vraelyste, ingevul deur senior personeellede van albei instellings. Die studie het ook ander waarnemings gemaak in verband met die atmosfeer of gevoel van die omgewings en mense se houdings, wat ook veelseggend was. Alhoewel beide instellings kennisbestuurspraktyke getoon het, is bevind dat die Kaapse Technikon in sekere opsigte meer gevorderd as die Skiereiland Technikon is. Ten laaste is voorstelle gemaak met verwysing na hoe om sekere spesifieke kennisbestuurspraktyke na die samwsmelting toe te pas. Hierdie het ’n aanbeveling ingesluit dat albei instellings seker moet maak dat prosesse onderweg is om op ’n voortdurende basis boek te hou van kennis.
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Laranja, Manuel Durate. "Small firm entrepreneurial innovation in Portugal : the case of electronic and information technologies." Thesis, University of Sussex, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.294418.
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Ström, Fabian. "Quantitative Requirements Testing for Autonomous Systems-of-Systems : Case Studies in Platooning." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-251659.
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A platoon, or a road train, has many different benefits such as safety, fuel efficiency and road utilisation. However it must also be safe to use and must thus be thoroughly tested. This report looks at the specific use case of emergency braking using three different emergency braking strategies and two models of communication. A cooperative emergency braking strategy, a naive emergency braking strategy and the combination of both are tested. It is found that the combination of both performs the best.En platoon, eller ett vägtåg, har många fördelar såsom bränsleeffektivitet och vägutnyttjande. Däremot måste den också vara säker att använda och därför grundligt testad. Denna rapport beaktar det specifika användarfallet nödbromsning genom tre olika nödbromsstrategier och två modeller för kommunikation. En samarbetande nödbromsstrategi, en naiv nödbromsstrategi och kombinationen av de två testas. Resultatet är att kombinationen av de två presterar bäst.
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Cook, Mitchell J. "Information technology governance and local public financial management reform : the case of Bangalore, India." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/115706.
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Thesis: Ph. D. in Urban and Regional Planning, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Urban Studies and Planning, 2018.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 224-235).
Decentralization policy in India has coalesced in recent years around interrelated concerns over the transparency of local government financial management and reporting systems and the capacity of urban local bodies to implement modern performance budgeting and accrual accounting structures. This dissertation examines the relationship between these policy concerns in the case of Bangalore and looks deeply into the role of information technology providers in advocating for greater local government financial transparency and accountability through financial management information system projects. Utilizing the concept of legitimacy games I find that mechanisms to support coordination in project implementation are subject to partially predictable but ultimately uncontrollable contingent interactions of norms, values, and structural arrangements that surround government financial management information systems. The latter are largely unstable over time given frequent changes to administrative personnel and the broader authorizing environment. Consequently, coordination within information technology project implementation spurs competition in legitimacy games between information technology subcontractors and systems. Under such conditions, forms of collective action around political accountability in urban governance spur a double movement of information democratization and information closure in entrepreneurial issue networks. As a result, the extent of effective local government financial transparency becomes increasingly dependent on the internal characteristics and relative power of information gatekeepers. The findings of the case study contribute to new knowledge on the relationship between information technology and local public financial management procedures and practices. The notion of legitimacy games draws stark contrast to conventional assumptions surrounding competition in public sector outsourcing arrangements, namely that it is driven by the desire for larger contracts so as to maximize profits or that it bids down prices in government outsourcing. The case illustrates how behavioral incentives to link financial management information systems to public transparency and accountability mechanisms emerge in highly localized confrontations not as a concerted response to national policy. The real effect of such technologies on local state capacity has been limited in the case of Bangalore. In order to achieve more transformational impact, policymakers, public managers, and technology providers must carefully consider how to handle large volumes of financial information corresponding to irregular transactions.
by Mitchell J. Cook.
Ph. D. in Urban and Regional Planning