Relevant bibliographies by topics / Information technology – Government policy – Europe

Academic literature on the topic 'Information technology – Government policy – Europe'

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Published: 10 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Information technology – Government policy – Europe"

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Rocha, Melina. "Policy Forum: How Canada Could Benefit from E-Invoicing for GST/HST Purposes." Canadian Tax Journal/Revue fiscale canadienne 70, no. 2 (July 2022): 361–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.32721/ctj.2022.70.2.pf.rocha.

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In this article, the author reviews the importance of electronic invoicing (e-invoicing) in value-added tax systems from the perspective of both government and taxpayers. E-invoicing is defined as the adoption of a standard requiring that businesses issue invoices containing mandatory information related to the supply in a prescribed electronic format, and transmit to the tax administration in real time through a specified electronic system. The author also analyzes the development of e-invoicing systems around the world, beginning with the Latin American pioneers and then proceeding to recent experiences in Europe. The experience in Latin America shows that governments can gain from e-invoicing through the reduction of tax fraud and the consequent increase in government revenue, while the experience in Europe shows that businesses have their own reasons for promoting e-invoicing, most notably to reduce compliance costs. In conclusion, the author suggests avenues for introducing e-invoicing into the Canadian goods and services tax/harmonized sales tax system.
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Razmjoo, Armin, Arezoo Ghazanfari, Mehdi Jahangiri, Evan Franklin, Mouloud Denai, Mousa Marzband, Davide Astiaso Garcia, and Alireza Maheri. "A Comprehensive Study on the Expansion of Electric Vehicles in Europe." Applied Sciences 12, no. 22 (November 16, 2022): 11656. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app122211656.

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There has been a rapid increase in government efforts to expand electric vehicle markets by deploying fast-charging stations, promoting uptake through greater investment, and by enacting supportive policies. Government support and private investment have contributed to the expansion of electric vehicles in many countries. The aim of this study is to highlight and analyze the most critical aspects of the expansion of the electric vehicle market, regarding technologies, characteristics, advantages and disadvantages, opportunities, and barriers in Europe. Our study analyzes the progress of electric vehicles by reviewing recent literature based on technology, policy, and government measurements. This study provides comprehensive information on electric vehicles and perspectives that are critical to policymakers, car manufacturers, consumers, and the community. To achieve favorable results, governments should invest in developing electric vehicles and battery technologies, provide subsidies, and develop charging infrastructure. Furthermore, by analyzing current EV sales in ten countries around the world, we assess the operating costs of electric vehicles. Overall EV cost of ownership is influenced by grid electricity price, cost of financing, location, carbon tax, wind speed, and solar insolation.
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Ladychenko, Viktor, Olena Chomakhashvili, Olena Uliutina, and Julia Kanaryk. "Dissemination of Environmental Information in the E-Governance system: World Trends and Experience for Ukraine." European Journal of Sustainable Development 9, no. 4 (October 1, 2020): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.14207/ejsd.2020.v9n4p51.

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The UN E-Government Survey 2016 on «E-Government in Support of Sustainable Development» offers a brief overview of e-government trends in the world. According to the survey, more and more governments are using information technology to provide services and engage people in decision-making processes in rural areas in their countries. Talking about the emerging economies in East Europe, the Ukrainian economy is growing faster with 50% of population living in rural areas, which develops incredible pressure on the government to give more focus on many ways of environmental safety of Ukraine. Ukraine is predominantly rural country and in order to improve the environmental conditions it is important that both central and local governments carried out national environment information activity. Modern information technology helps to disseminate environmental information in rural areas and is a major provider of information opportunities for the rural population. By 2020 Ukrainian government has a goal to achieve interaction at all levels by electronic mode. There are various electronic databases that are already functioning at the national level such as the Real Estate Register, Public Cadastral Map, etc. that can help the Ukrainian government to achieve greater transparency and successful governance. However, access to such registers is currently not possible for regional communities. Therefore, disposing of environmental information, avoiding environmental threats to the local population and enhancing the effectiveness of local governance is a goal for local governments. This paper offers a modern vision of information technologies in the field of natural resources management. E-government projects and ways to solve problems in the sphere of dissemination of information in rural areas in order to improve e-governance in contemporary Ukraine were explored. Keywords: Environmental information, information human rights, sustainable development, EU environmental policy
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Szabó, Zsuzsanna Katalin, and Lucian Chiriac. "Investigations Concerning E-Government Adoption in Transition Economies." Acta Oeconomica 66, no. 1 (March 2016): 57–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/032.2016.66.1.3.

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The implementation of efficient cross-border digital public services for a connected Europe, a developed e-government represents a priority for the European Union. There are big differences in the way e-government is adopted. Transition economies lag behind developed economies. This paper explores the e-government adoption in its multidimensionality within the EU member states. It uses 22 variables, which highlight: technological preparedness, the ability to access and absorb information and information technology, the ability to generate, adopt and spread knowledge, the social and legal environment, the government policy and vision, and consumer and business adoption and innovation. Barriers to efficient e-government adoption in transition economies are identified. Multicriteria decision analysis is used for the prioritisation of the factors with the highest overall impact on efficient implementation. The authors use the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP method) for prioritisation and the numerical results are obtained with Expert Choice software.
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Irimie, Rada Cristina. "Digital Revolution: Europe at the Lead of New Technologies." European Journal of Social Sciences Education and Research 2, no. 1 (December 30, 2014): 166. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejser.v2i1.p166-183.

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The pace and scope of changing technologies are constantly challenging social structures and the need for dexterous policy framework is becoming more and more indispensable. While technological evolution and market forces have driven the information and communication revolution, the European Union has played a significant role in creating an effective framework for the maintenance and development of this progress. In order to regulate the market and keep pace with the ICT (Information and Communications Technology) environment, the EU has introduced rules that ensure fair access to all EU citizens and stimulate competition for companies. The Body of European Regulators for Electronic Communications (BEREC) serves entirely this function, becoming a pan-European regulatory agency. Aside the regulatory role, EU's economic growth strategy involves a great number of policies and measures to capitalize on digital revolution. The Digital Agenda for Europe (DAE) targets not only on citizens, but businesses of Europe as well, to benefit from the technological revolution. The former and the new goals of the renewed agenda raise the bar of smart, sustainable and inclusive growth. Finally, to ensure the maximization of use of information technologies, EU has supported the expansion of e-business and online public services. E-government services have facilitated interaction between government, citizens and businesses, while it simplified all facets of operations of governmental organisations. This article is looking at EU's role in digital environments, examining the three initiatives as platforms of technological evolution in Europe. The three case studies used, the BEREC, DAE and e-Government initiatives, will provide an analysis of the services with a prospective evaluation of the technological strategies involved, while the qualitative and quantitative data in each case will help us analyse the quota and draw conclusions on the functionality and effectiveness of the services. We expect to evaluate the levels of digital growth and online adaptation of the Union and/or the need for further expansion. The study is discussing EU's technological competiveness and the analysis targets the policy initiatives taken towards this direction, while it provides multipolar, but useful information for EU citizens and businesses.
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Lam, A. C. L. "Continuing Technological Education." Industry and Higher Education 6, no. 1 (March 1992): 20–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/095042229200600105.

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The author outlines key features of the Japanese approach to continuing technological education and points up the contrasts in skill-development experience in Japan and the UK. She then reviews recent trends in Japan in the development of multi-skilled engineers; describes government initiatives aimed at the promotion of university–industry cooperation; and finally addresses the important policy issue facing Europe and the USA of providing greater access to Japanese science and technology, especially through exchange of researchers and information.
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Kassen, Maxat. "Building digital state." Online Information Review 43, no. 2 (April 8, 2019): 301–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/oir-03-2018-0100.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to review and illustrate historical milestones and evolutionary stages of public sector reforms in such a typical transitional society as Kazakhstan through the prism of existing e-government development strategies, implementation models and institutional regulations. Design/methodology/approach The research is mostly based on a retrospective analysis of technology-driven public sector reforms and content analysis of various e-government strategies and platforms implemented by national and local executive authorities in Kazakhstan for the last two decades. Findings The results of the analysis has confirmed previously made assumptions that typical developing states tend to adopt different non-linear and multidimensional implementation strategies in advancing e-government reforms in comparison with developed countries. As it turns out, the continuity of actual stages or levels of such development not always corresponds in a consecutive manner to the formal phases of the most popular e-government maturity models proposed previously in academic literature. Research limitations/implications One of the fundamental limitations of the case study is that its findings and recommendations could relate only to a limited number of countries that have similar political, socioeconomic and administrative contexts. Taking into account the fact that Kazakhstan is not only a typical developing economy but also a transitional post-communist and post-totalitarian society that has its own unique political and socioeconomic features of governance, the results of case study could not be generalized and extrapolated to all developing countries, presumably narrowing them only to a very limited number of similar states, mostly, in Eastern Europe, Caucasus and Central Asia. Practical implications The main practical contribution of the article is that it provides a close review of e-government politics in Kazakhstan that could be helpful for policy makers and practitioners in evaluating, learning and improving the work of various technology-driven public sector projects in the area, especially from a regulatory point of view. Originality/value This inherently ethnographic narrative, which is based on the analysis of e-government legislation and implementation strategies derived from diverse administrative practices, could be interesting for those who seek to understand an ever-changing truly evolutionary nature of technology-driven public sector reforms in a typical transitional society.
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Stepovic, Milos, Stefan Vekic, Radisa Vojinovic, Kristijan Jovanovic, Snezana Radovanovic, Svetlana Radevic, and Nemanja Rancic. "Analysis and Forecast of Indicators Related to Medical Workers and Medical Technology in Selected Countries of Eastern Europe and Balkan." Healthcare 11, no. 5 (February 23, 2023): 655. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11050655.

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Health indicators measure certain health characteristics in a specific population or country and can help navigate the health systems. As the global population is rising, the demand for an increase in the number of health workers is simultaneously rising. The aim of this study was to compare and predict the indicators related to the number of medical workers and medical technologies in selected countries in Eastern Europe and Balkan in the studied period. The article analyzed the reported data of selected health indicators extracted from the European Health for All database. The indicators of interest were the number of physicians, pharmacists, general practitioners and dentists per 100,000 people. To observe the changes in these indicators through the available years, we used linear trends, regression analysis and forecasting to the year 2025. The regression analysis shows that the majority of the observed countries will experience an increase in the number of general practitioners, pharmacists, health workers/professionals and dentists, as well as in the number of computerized tomography scanners and the number of magnetic resonance units, predicted to occur by 2025. Following trends of medical indicators can help the government and health sector to focus and navigate the best investments for each country according to the level of their development.
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Lawrence, Amanda. "Electronic Documents in a Print World: Grey Literature and the Internet." Media International Australia 143, no. 1 (May 2012): 122–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x1214300114.

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Reports and documents from government and other organisations have existed for centuries, but in the post-war period their production increased significantly. Computers, databases, desktop publishing software and the internet have revolutionised the ways documents can be produced and disseminated, allowing individuals, groups and organisations access to a whole new world of information. The result has been an explosion in online publishing that has transformed scholarly communication. Research reports – or grey literature as they are also known – are now an essential part of many disciplines, including science and technology, health, environmental science and many areas of public policy. While access to these reports has become easier in many respects, online publishing presents many challenges as well, particularly for collecting organisations faced with the task of adapting their systems. The management of grey literature raises many issues that are still not resolved today. This article provides some background to these ongoing challenges in Australia, the United States, the United Kingdom and Europe.
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Protrka, Nikola, Kristijan Marić, and Mihael Plećaš. "Challenges and Aspects of Cyber Security of the Republic of Croatia." Acta Economica Et Turistica 3, no. 1 (June 27, 2017): 87–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/aet-2017-0010.

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Abstract The development of the information and communication technology (ICT), regardless of its many advantages, unfortunately has its disadvantage - the abuse of the cyberworld. The global character of cyberspace is specific in terms of national legislation and its view of specificities. Some countries adopted the recommendation of the Convention on Cybercrime of the Council of Europe (Official Gazette NN-MU 9/02, 4/04) and amended their national legislation, whereas others kept implementing their criminal law solutions, which are outdated and cannot reach the level of this type of criminal offences. Consequently, governments are inclined to cooperate and exchange information about this type of crime due to the fact that the criminal offender may be anywhere, and the offence itself can take place at a great distance from the offender. In September 2015, the government of the Republic of Croatia adopted the National Cyber Security Strategy and the Action Plan for the Implementation of the National Cyber Security Strategy, the first allencompassing strategy of the Republic of Croatia on cyber security. The paper also focuses on the role of the Police College in the Action Plan for the Implementation of the National Cyber Security Strategy.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Information technology – Government policy – Europe"

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Han, Chun Kwong. "Information technology policies and government information systems : a multiple level perspective." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.358788.

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Ferguson, Charles H. "Technological development, strategic behavior and government policy in information technology industries." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/84198.

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Cram, Laura. "The political dynamics of policymaking in the European Union : social policy and information and communications technology policy compared." Thesis, University of Warwick, 1996. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/36192/.

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The underlying theme of this thesis is that to properly understand the process of European integration it is vital to understand the dynamics of the European policymaking process and the crucial role of the European institutions within this process. In this thesis the internal dynamics of the policy-making process within the European Commission in two directorates, DGV(Employment, Industrial Relations and Social Affairs) and DGXIII (Telecommunications, Information Industries and Innovation), are explored. It is argued that a vital characteristic of the Commission's ability to influence any policy sector is its ability to respond rapidly to any 'windows of opportunity' ripe for EU intervention or, indeed, to facilitate the appearance of these windows. Yet, the means required to achieve this end, and the degree of success they meet, vary from sector to sector. It is argued that the Commission has an important role to play in EU policy-making, and ultimately in the integration process, thus it is vital to develop a detailed understanding of the functioning of its constituent parts, of the interrelationships between them, and of the influence of their activities upon the actions of the Commission as a whole.
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Johnston, Kevin Allan. "Information technology policy : first steps for the new South Africa." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/17470.

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Bibliography: pages 183-200.
The fundamental question is not whether South Africa should have a National Information Technology Policy to exploit Information Technology (IT), but more fundamentally what kind of government policies and programs for IT make sense. In today's competitive world what kind of policies and programs will be for the betterment of South Africa's economic and social structures? How can the South African government use IT to increase international competitiveness, and at the same time enhance economic and technological progress and create social improvement in the country? These and many other fundamental questions are the basis for this investigation. The starting point of this research was to compare South African IT to that in other countries; Expert opinion was obtained to identify specific issues, goals and technologies, and to propose ideas for government policies to: i) increase the country's competitiveness, ii) enhance its economic and technological progress, and iii) uplift its people. The main points emerging from this research are that the South African government needs to formulate a National IT Policy in order to direct the development of IT. Competitiveness, progress and social upliftment are inseparable and must be balanced when positioning such a policy. The policy should be directed from a high level to ensure that its recommendations are followed.
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Keliher, Leo. "Policy-making in information technology : a decisional analysis of the Alvey Programme." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.320506.

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In June 1988 the five-year, £350 million Alvey programme for advanced information technology is scheduled to terminate. This study is a critical appraisal of the decision-making associated with all aspects of the formulation, approval, implementation and operation of the Alvey policy programme. The study analyses why a government that preaches public sector disengagement from the market has channelled funds into one of the fastest growing sectors of British industry, why a government committed to competition endorsed a programme based on collaboration between firms, and why a government opposed to picking 'winners' implemented a programme aimed at a few selected technologies. It describes the intricate advisory mechanisms which support decision-making by powerful but technologically ill-informed government departments and the British core executive. The study questions the wisdom of the government Insisting that industry should frame industry policy - for when a sector dominated by defence contractors did so, the result was an increased dependence on government. When the government engaged in a meso-corporatist policy-making arrangement with Industry, it did so from a position of weakness. Industry had the technical expertise, operational control of major projects, and a dominant role within the Alvey directorate. The result was a pattern of self-interested and short-sighted policy-making biased towards the interests of large firms In the defence and telecommunications fields. By divorcing itself from the mainstream of information technology developments and concentrating on selected narrow niches, the British information technology industry has set itself a difficult task for survival in the years ahead.
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Holden, Stephen H. "Managing information technology in the federal government new policies for an information age /." Diss., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1994. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/33134804.html.

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Garza, Daniel G. "An assessment of the Western-Cape Provincial Government information policy process and its lesson to Eritrea." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/49836.

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Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2004.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study assesses the information policy of the Western Cape provincial government- of South Africa, with special emphasis on ICT for development in the general context of the global Information society. It is aimed at getting key lessons together for the Eritrean ICT policy development. The methodology used in this study include review of the literature on the ICT policy in Western Cape, South Africa and beyond, conducting interviews with key actors in Western Cape Provincial Government and site visits to Multi-Purpose Community Centres. The study analyses institutions, ICT policy processes, methodologies and challenges. The study concludes that although developing an ICT policy remains fundamental for developing countries like Eritrea, the main challenge lies in integrating new and old technologies into national development priorities. This cannot be achieved without building blocks such as adequate infrastructure, human and financial resources, and commitment to succeed in information age. A series of recommendations were put forward for Eritrea based on the analysis of the policy process and progress in South Africa in general and Western Cape Province in particular.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: In hierdie studie word die beleid ten opsigte van inligting in die Wes-Kaapse provinsiale regering van Suid-Afrika bestudeer, met die klem veral op Inligting en Kommunikasie Tegnologie vir ontwikkeling in die algemene konteks van- die wereldwye inligting gemeenskap. Die doelwit van hierdie studie is om sleutellesse te leer wat kan help met die ontwikkeling van 'n beleid t.o.v. Inligting en Kommunikasie in Eritrea. Die metodologie wat gebruik is sluit in 'n oorsig van die literatuur oor die IKT (ICT) beleid in die Wes-Kaap, Suid-Afrika, en in ander lande; onderhoude met sleutelfigure in die Wes-Kaapse provinsiale regering; en besoeke aan Veeldoelige Gemeenskap Sentrums. Die studie ontleed instansies, IKT beleid prosesse, metodologie en uitdagings. In die studie word daar bevind dat, alhoewel die ontwikkeling van 'n Inligting en Kommunikasie beleid van fundamentele belang is vir ontwikkelende lande soos Eritrea, die hoofuitdaging daarin Iê om ou en nuwe tegnologie te integreer in die nasionale ontwikkelings prioriteite. Dit kan nie gedoen word sonder die boublokke van genoegsame infrastruktuur, menslike en finansiele hulpbronne, en verbintenis tot sukses in die inligtingsera nie. 'n Reeks aanbevelings word gemaak vir Eritrea, gegrond op die ontleding van die beleid, proses en vooruitgang van Suid-Afrika in die geheel, en veral van die Wes-Kaap.
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Ng, Chi-chun. "Adopting open source as the main information technology policy of the Hong Kong SAR Government." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2004. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B31967589.

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Ng, Chi-chun, and 吳子進. "Adopting open source as the main information technology policy of the Hong Kong SAR Government." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2004. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31967589.

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Margetts, Helen Zerlina. "Computerisation in American and British central government 1975-95 : policy-making, internal regulation and contracting in information technology." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.339148.

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This study explores twenty years of computerisation in central government in the USA and Britain. Information systems now lie deep in the heart of the 'tools' of government, dispensing treasure, authority and information, replacing organisational functions and creating new requirements for technical expertise. Traditional Public Administration pays little attention to the implications of this change, while approaches based on modernism attribute radical transformational powers to information technology. This study synthesises elements of postmodern and critical modern approaches, challenging assumptions of previous work. The US and Britain provide a fruitful site for comparison, with similar cultures, agency structure and contract providers, but contrasting legal systems, contracting traditions and regulatory approaches. Since the 1 970s, both governments have ceased direct involvement in producing information systems at the forefront of available technologies; in 1 995, both stand outside a contractor driven process. In the US spiralling regulations and competing oversight agencies have periodically threatened to strangle information technology development; in Britain absence of central guidance has led to potential loss of administrative and policy control. The computerisation of benefits delivery and tax collection in the two governments throughout the 1 980s illustrates the range of risks involved when central bureaucracies embarkon large-scale technology-based projects: problemsfor central oversight, difficulties in retaining policy flexibility and the dangers inherent in grand scheme designs. Information technology in the 1 990s provides increasing possibilities for policy innovation through systems integration and technological development. Decisions made in response to information technology problems during the last twenty years of computerisation in central government will dictate pathways available for policy in the future. Yet debate over crucial information technology issues currently takes place on the fringe of policy-related fields. This study provides a framework for resituating information technology policy on the centre stage of public policy and management.
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Books on the topic "Information technology – Government policy – Europe"

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O, Hundley Richard, National Defense Research Institute (U.S.), United States. National Intelligence Council., Rand Corporation, Great Britain. Defence Evaluation and Research Agency., and International Relations and Security Network., eds. The future of the information revolution in Europe: Proceedings of an international conference. Santa Monica, CA: RAND, 2001.

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Results, ICT. Freedom in Europe: Securing our technological future. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union, 2010.

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Research, quality, competitiveness: European union technology policy for the knowledge-based society. 2nd ed. New York, NY: Springer, 2009.

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Cluster- und Innovationsdynamik in Europa: Neue Perspektiven der Automobil- und IKT-Wirtschaft. Stuttgart: Lucius & Lucius, 2011.

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(Vanuatu), Council of Ministers. National information and communication technology policy. Port Vila, Vanuatu]: [Council of Ministers], 2013.

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National information and communication technology policy. [Vanuatu]: Republic of Vanuatu, 2013.

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Zambia. Ministry of Communications and Transport. National information and communication technology policy. Lusaka: Ministry of Communications and Transport, 2006.

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Papua New Guinea. Dept. of Communication and Information., ed. National information & communications technology (ICT) policy. [Waigani] Papua New Guinea: Dept. of Communicaton and Information, 2008.

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Papua New Guinea. Dept. of Communication and Information., ed. National information & communications technology (ICT) policy. [Waigani] Papua New Guinea: Dept. of Communicaton and Information, 2008.

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R, Coopey, ed. Information technology policy: An international history. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004.

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Book chapters on the topic "Information technology – Government policy – Europe"

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Rothwell, Roy. "Technology Policy and Collaborative Research in Europe." In Cooperative Research and Development: The Industry—University—Government Relationship, 85–102. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-2522-9_5.

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Jaeger, Paul T., John Carlo Bertot, and Katie Shilton. "Information Policy and Social Media: Framing Government—Citizen Web 2.0 Interactions." In Public Administration and Information Technology, 11–25. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-1448-3_2.

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Vickery, Graham. "Production Oriented Information Technology Policy in Japan and Europe." In Information Technology: Impacts, Policies and Future Perspectives, 60–87. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-75577-4_8.

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Hassall, Graham. "E-Government Policy Processes at Regional and National Levels in the Pacific: Actors, Institutions and Networks." In Public Administration and Information Technology, 55–87. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-50972-3_3.

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Mitsugi, Mamoru. "Comments on production Oriented Information Technology Policy in Japan and Europe." In Information Technology: Impacts, Policies and Future Perspectives, 88–95. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-75577-4_9.

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Pool, Ronald, Jasper van Berkel, Susan van den Braak, Maaike Harbers, and Mortaza S. Bargh. "The Internet of Things in a Smart Society: How Government Policy Can Help Seize Opportunities and Mitigate Threats." In Public Administration and Information Technology, 25–48. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-37464-8_2.

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Misnikov, Yuri, Olga Filatova, and Andrei Chugunov. "Converting the Outcomes of Citizens’ Discourses in the Cyberspace into Policy Inputs for More Democratic and Effective Government." In Public Administration and Information Technology, 259–87. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-54142-6_15.

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Zhang, Jing, Luis F. Luna-Reyes, and Theresa A. Pardo. "Information, Policy, and Sustainability: The Role of Information Technology in the Age of Big Data and Open Government." In Public Administration and Information Technology, 1–19. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-25439-5_1.

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Bekkers, Victor J. J. M. "Information and Communication Technology and the Redefinition of the Functional and Normative Boundaries of Government." In Library of Public Policy and Public Administration, 257–78. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-9486-8_12.

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Ottestad, Geir, and Greta Björk Gudmundsdottir. "Information and Communication Technology Policy in Primary and Secondary Education in Europe." In Springer International Handbooks of Education, 1343–62. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-71054-9_92.

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Conference papers on the topic "Information technology – Government policy – Europe"

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Ionita, Angela, Aurel Baloi, and Maria Visan. "NEXT STEPS IN PREPARING FOR GEOINFORMATION SOCIETY. A TENTATIVE FOR STRATEGIC EDUCATIONAL APPROACH." In eLSE 2016. Carol I National Defence University Publishing House, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.12753/2066-026x-16-220.

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Next steps in preparing for Geoinformation Society. A tentative for strategic educational approach. Angela Ioni??1, Aurel B?loi2, Maria Vi?an2 1 Research Institute for Artificial Intelligence ,,Mihai Dr?g?nescu", Romanian Academy 2 Intergraph Computer Services s.r.l. Rom?nia The Knowledge Society with its many facets including Spatially Enabled Society and Government or Geoinformation Society is the new step in the evolution of Information Society associated with a new characteristic named creativity. In this society there is a continuous and intensive demand for competence in order to overcome the barriers in relation with resources, knowledge and skills, institutions, attitudes and beliefs, assessment, and an imperious need to create a new culture. In different studies has been highlighted the large range of obstacles hindering the distribution of geoinformation and GIS throughout different education systems in Europe. Though Geoinformation has been mentioned as a priority in the IST (Information Society Technology) research programme, in any document's of different policies or action plans there is no any mention of it as priority. More than, no mention concerning any ideas in connection with education in order to assure the appropriate amount of skills and to create the competencies. This indicate a major gap in policy making largely created by the subsidiary nature of education in the European activities with deference to national policies and programmes. Romania is not an exception. This paper examines the outcomes in terms of curriculum opportunities and realities for the use of geoinformation in schools and in teacher education and in research. The importance of professional development for teachers and the widespread use and implementation European standards is specifically highlighted. In additional will be presented the targets for next, short, medium and long term in order to create the premises of a new culture connected with geoinformation and their applications in the new step of society.
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Misheva, Kristina, and Marija Ampovska. "THE LEGAL ASPECTS OF TELEHEALTH." In The recovery of the EU and strengthening the ability to respond to new challenges – legal and economic aspects. Faculty of Law, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.25234/eclic/22436.

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Telehealth seems to be the new normal in this fast-changing environment. According to the European Commission eHealth was among the highest priorities before the COVID -19 pandemic. Transformation of health and care in the digital single market is among the EU`s six political priorities of the Commission 2019-2024 (2018 Communication on Digital Health and Care). The pandemic caused by COVID-19 just accelerates the necessity of the inclusion of digital health into the traditional healthcare systems. Telehealth services are among the biggest eHealth trends in EU. Therefore, one of the challenges is the national, regional and regulatory priorities regarding telehealth. There is lack of telehealth special legislative and governmental policies that needs to stimulate the developing and innovative solutions in medicine through technology and to envisage the upcoming innovation technology. Therefore, the government support and adequate policy making is important to support the development of the telehealth services. One of the main challenges is the electronic transactions of patient data among the telehealth providers and services and the cross-border patient data share. Another issue is the exchange of information among the national health institutions and providers and their interoperability. The Macedonian legislation does not have special legislation (policies, or laws) about telehealth. Telehealth is regulated as a term in the Law on health protection. Additionally, there is a lack of national acts, literature, and research in this subject matter. Thus, this paper will explore the telehealth from two main perspectives: scientific theories and legal practice and the users’ practice. Hence, this paper will analyze the legislation about the telehealth on the EU level and the EU Member States and the Macedonian legislation and the impact on the e-health that was made during COVID-19 pandemic. Furthermore, it will make comparative analyses among different countries into the EU zone compared with the EU aspirant country- the Republic of North Macedonia. A survey conducted among doctors in private and public healthcare institutions in the primary, secondary, and tertiary healthcare levels in the city of Stip and in the city of Skopje will provide data about the challenges, risks, and trends in telehealth before and during COVID -19.
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Hui, Zhao, Peng Jie, and Su Ying. "Build Concept Space for Domain of Government Policy Research." In 2009 International Forum on Information Technology and Applications (IFITA). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ifita.2009.460.

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Zheng, Zhong-Xia, and Xing-Feng Liu. "Game analysis between government and enterprises in anti-employment discrimination policy." In International conference on Management Innovation and Information Technology. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/miit132542.

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Al-Jamal, Maryam, and Emad Abu-Shanab. "Privacy Policy of E-Government Websites and the Effect on Users' Privacy." In The 7th International Conference on Information Technology. Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.15849/icit.2015.0066.

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Sharma, Shital, Jing Zhang, and Wang Jin. "A resource-based perspective on information technology, policy, and environmental performance." In dg.o 2015: 16th Annual International Digital Government Research Conference. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2757401.2757436.

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Lin, Zhen, and Yunsheng Huang. "Fiscal and Financial Policy Design on Entrepreneurial Economic Development Government Supports." In 2015 International conference on Engineering Management, Engineering Education and Information Technology. Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/emeeit-15.2015.43.

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Geng, Naiguo, Meixiang Tian, and Lingfei Zhao. "The study on monopoly characteristics and government regulation policy under network effect." In 2013 International Conference on Services Science and Services Information Technology. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/sssit130931.

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Putra, Bayu Mogana, and Ridwan Adnan Erlangga. "The Utilization of Information and Communication Technology Systems in Good Government Management." In International Conference on Communication, Policy and Social Science (InCCluSi 2022). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/978-2-494069-07-7_37.

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Grecu, Mihai. "Challenges and opportunities in open scientific data policy development in the Republic of Moldova." In Open Science in the Republic of Moldova National Scientific Conference, 2nd edition. Information Society Development Institute, Republic of Moldova, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.57066/sdrm22.04.

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Open science initiatives are a global phenomenon. If in developed countries research and innovation enjoy significant support from governments, business and the entire society, and open science has become an important component in the landscape of scientific research, developing countries, such as the Republic of Moldova, have a situation a little more special regarding open access to scientific information, the use of new technologies and tools in the sharing and dissemination of knowledge, in the broad participation and collaboration between social partners in the act of research and innovation. New achievements in the field of information and communication technology offer developing countries great opportunities to increase their research capabilities and participate in the development of world science. There are, however, certain specific barriers that still prevent the free circulation of scientific information, the broad collaboration of actors in the field of research. Ensuring open access to research data is a big challenge for the scientific community in the Republic of Moldova. In order to respond to this challenge, it is necessary to develop and implement some policies and some normative acts that contribute to the consolidation of efforts in order to identify and capitalize on the opportunities offered by new technologies, good practices and European and international experience, the establishment of some sustainable mechanisms regarding management and reuse of research data. The paper addresses the issue of open scientific data in the Republic of Moldova emphasizing the need to develop policies that take into account local realities but also the opportunities for international collaboration and, first of all, those related to the status of a candidate country for joining the Union European.
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Reports on the topic "Information technology – Government policy – Europe"

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Greenhill, Lucy. MASTS ‘Brexit’ event – summary report. Marine Alliance for Science and Technology for Scotland (MASTS), 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.15664/10023.25094.

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Background. As negotiations continue in relation to the UK’s departure from the European Union, considerable uncertainty remains around the final structure of any deal and the implications across all policy areas. Maritime issues are of key concern in Scotland and numerous reports and opinions are accumulating, highlighting significant areas of concern, ranging from fisheries to decommissioning, and some potential opportunities. There is a critical need for knowledge and capacity to support and influence the on-going negotiation process, at both the Scottish and UK level. Expertise regarding the broad range of marine research, operations and commerce is in demand to support discussion, promote interests and secure advances where possible. Such discussion must be based on the best available science but taking into account the socio-economic and historical context. The Marine Alliance for Science and Technology for Scotland1 (MASTS) is supporting this discussion, providing scientific expertise and promoting the development of emerging policy and progress towards sustainable marine management, during the transition period and for the post-departure UK organisation. This workshop, supported by MASTS, brought government and academia together to consider the legal, governmental and research framework under which Brexit is taking place and to identify priority areas and activities where information can be shared and options considered for enhancing scientific support for the Brexit process. The objectives were to: • Understand current status of Brexit with respect to marine systems and research capacity, including the legislative framework • Identify the priority gaps in knowledge • Develop ways to enhance communication pathways for the best scientific advice required to support the Brexit process.
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Díaz de Astarloa, Bernardo, and Ezequiel Tacsir. Cluster Initiatives and Economic Resilience: Evidence from a Technology Cluster in Argentina. Inter-American Development Bank, December 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0004594.

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In this paper, we study the role of a cluster initiative in fostering economic resilience among firms in a local technology cluster in Argentina. We focus on two aggregate shocks that hit the Argentine economy, including first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. Our analysis is based on interviews with authorities and members of the cluster initiative, local firms, and policy makers, as well as on firm-level administrative tax records. We find that the cluster organization provides members with resources that could foster resilience, including access to specialized human capital, information on business opportunities, and assistance in applying for government support programs. However, while members of the cluster organization appear to be more resilient than non-members, even within the same regional cluster, after conditioning on firm characteristics we find little evidence of a positive association between belonging to the cluster organization and economic resilience. Members of the cluster organization are neither less likely to exit nor adapt by switching their main economic activity and did not show statistically significantly higher revenue growth than nonmembers. Member firms do appear to have been more able than non-members to keep up with tax obligations during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Mahdavian, Farnaz. Germany Country Report. University of Stavanger, February 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31265/usps.180.

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Germany is a parliamentary democracy (The Federal Government, 2021) with two politically independent levels of 1) Federal (Bund) and 2) State (Länder or Bundesländer), and has a highly differentiated decentralized system of Government and administration (Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit, 2021). The 16 states in Germany have their own government and legislations which means the federal authority has the responsibility of formulating policy, and the states are responsible for implementation (Franzke, 2020). The Federal Government supports the states in dealing with extraordinary danger and the Federal Ministry of the Interior (BMI) supports the states' operations with technology, expertise and other services (Federal Ministry of Interior, Building and Community, 2020). Due to the decentralized system of government, the Federal Government does not have the power to impose pandemic emergency measures. In the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, in order to slowdown the spread of coronavirus, on 16 March 2020 the federal and state governments attempted to harmonize joint guidelines, however one month later State governments started to act more independently (Franzke & Kuhlmann, 2021). In Germany, health insurance is compulsory and more than 11% of Germany’s GDP goes into healthcare spending (Federal Statistical Office, 2021). Health related policy at the federal level is the primary responsibility of the Federal Ministry of Health. This ministry supervises institutions dealing with higher level of public health including the Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (BfArM), the Paul-Ehrlich-Institute (PEI), the Robert Koch Institute (RKI) and the Federal Centre for Health Education (Federal Ministry of Health, 2020). The first German National Pandemic Plan (NPP), published in 2005, comprises two parts. Part one, updated in 2017, provides a framework for the pandemic plans of the states and the implementation plans of the municipalities, and part two, updated in 2016, is the scientific part of the National Pandemic Plan (Robert Koch Institut, 2017). The joint Federal-State working group on pandemic planning was established in 2005. A pandemic plan for German citizens abroad was published by the German Foreign Office on its website in 2005 (Robert Koch Institut, 2017). In 2007, the federal and state Governments, under the joint leadership of the Federal Ministry of the Interior and the Federal Ministry of Health, simulated influenza pandemic exercise called LÜKEX 07, and trained cross-states and cross-department crisis management (Bundesanstalt Technisches Hilfswerk, 2007b). In 2017, within the context of the G20, Germany ran a health emergency simulation exercise with representatives from WHO and the World Bank to prepare for future pandemic events (Federal Ministry of Health et al., 2017). By the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, on 27 February 2020, a joint crisis team of the Federal Ministry of the Interior (BMI) and the Federal Ministry of Health (BMG) was established (Die Bundesregierung, 2020a). On 4 March 2020 RKI published a Supplement to the National Pandemic Plan for COVID-19 (Robert Koch Institut, 2020d), and on 28 March 2020, a law for the protection of the population in an epidemic situation of national scope (Infektionsschutzgesetz) came into force (Bundesgesundheitsministerium, 2020b). In the first early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, Germany managed to slow down the speed of the outbreak but was less successful in dealing with the second phase. Coronavirus-related information and measures were communicated through various platforms including TV, radio, press conferences, federal and state government official homepages, social media and applications. In mid-March 2020, the federal and state governments implemented extensive measures nationwide for pandemic containment. Step by step, social distancing and shutdowns were enforced by all Federal States, involving closing schools, day-cares and kindergartens, pubs, restaurants, shops, prayer services, borders, and imposing a curfew. To support those affected financially by the pandemic, the German Government provided large economic packages (Bundesministerium der Finanzen, 2020). These measures have adopted to the COVID-19 situation and changed over the pandemic. On 22 April 2020, the clinical trial of the corona vaccine was approved by Paul Ehrlich Institute, and in late December 2020, the distribution of vaccination in Germany and all other EU countries
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Few, Roger, Mythili Madhavan, Narayanan N.C., Kaniska Singh, Hazel Marsh, Nihal Ranjit, and Chandni Singh. Voices After Disaster. Indian Institute for Human Settlements, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.24943/vad09.2021.

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This document is an output from the “Voices After Disaster: narratives and representation following the Kerala floods of August 2018” project supported by the University of East Anglia (UEA)’s GCRF QR funds. The project is carried out by researchers at UEA, the Indian Institute for Human Settlements (IIHS), the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Bombay, and Canalpy, Kerala. In this briefing, we provide an overview of some of the emerging narratives of recovery in Kerala and discuss their significance for post-disaster recovery policy and practice. A key part of the work was a review of reported recovery activities by government and NGOs, as well as accounts and reports of the disaster and subsequent activities in the media and other information sources. This was complemented by fieldwork on the ground in two districts, in which the teams conducted a total of 105 interviews and group discussions with a range of community members and other local stakeholders. We worked in Alleppey district, in the low-lying Kuttanad region, where extreme accumulation of floodwaters had been far in excess of the normal seasonal levels, and in Wayanad district, in the Western Ghats, where there had been a concentration of severe flash floods and landslides.
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Finkelshtain, Israel, and Tigran Melkonyan. The economics of contracts in the US and Israel agricultures. United States Department of Agriculture, February 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2008.7695590.bard.

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Research Objectives 1) Reviewing the rich economic literature on contracting and agricultural contracting; 2) Conducting a descriptive comparative study of actual contracting patterns in the U.S. and Israeli agricultural sectors; 3) Theoretical analysis of division of assets ownership, authority allocation and incentives in agricultural production contracts; 4) Theoretical analysis of strategic noncompetitive choice of agricultural production and marketing contracts, 5) Empirical studies of contracting in agricultural sectors of US and Israel, among them the broiler industry, the citrus industry and sugar beet sector. Background Recent decades have witnessed a world-wide increase in the use of agricultural contracts. In both the U.S. and Israel, contracts have become an integral part of production and marketing of many crops, fruits, vegetables and livestock commodities. The increased use of agricultural contracts raises a number of important economic policy questions regarding the optimal design of contracts and their determinants. Even though economists have made a substantial progress in understanding these issues, the theory of contracts and an empirical methodology to analyze contracts are still evolving. Moreover, there is an enormous need for empirical research of contractual relationships. Conclusions In both U.S. and Israel, contracts have become an integral part of production and marketing of many agricultural commodities. In the U.S. more than 40% of the value of agricultural production occurred under either marketing or production contracts. The use of agricultural contracts in Israel is also ubiquitous and reaches close to 60% of the value of agricultural production. In Israel we have found strategic considerations to play a dominant role in the choice of agricultural contracts and may lead to noncompetitive conduct and reduced welfare. In particular, the driving force, leading to consignment based contracts is the strategic effect. Moreover, an increase in the number of contractors will lead to changes in the terms of the contract, an increased competition and payment to farmers and economic surplus. We found that while large integrations lead to more efficient production, they also exploit local monopsonistic power. For the U.S, we have studied in more detail the choice of contract type and factors that affect contracts such as the level of informational asymmetry, the authority structure, and the available quality measurement technology. We have found that assets ownership and decision rights are complements of high-powered incentives. We have also found that the optimal allocation of decision rights, asset ownership and incentives is influenced by: variance of systemic and idiosyncratic shocks, importance (variance) of the parties’ private information, parameters of the production technology, the extent of competition in the upstream and downstream industries. Implications The primary implication of this project is that the use of agricultural production and marketing contracts is growing in both the US and Israeli agricultural sectors, while many important economic policy questions are still open and require further theoretical and empirical research. Moreover, actual contracts that are prevailing in various agricultural sectors seems to be less than optimal and, hence, additional efforts are required to transfer the huge academic know-how in this area to the practitioners. We also found evidence for exploitation of market powers by contactors in various agricultural sectors. This may call for government regulations in the anti-trust area. Another important implication of this project is that in addition to explicit contracts economic outcomes resulting from the interactions between growers and agricultural intermediaries depend on a number of other factors including allocation of decision and ownership rights and implicit contracting. We have developed models to study the interactions between explicit contracts, decision rights, ownership structure, and implicit contracts. These models have been applied to study contractual arrangements in California agriculture and the North American sugarbeet industry.
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Carpenter, Marie, and William Lazonick. The Pursuit of Shareholder Value: Cisco’s Transformation from Innovation to Financialization. Institute for New Economic Thinking Working Paper Series, February 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36687/inetwp202.

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Once the global leader in telecommunication systems and the Internet, over the past two decades the United States has fallen behind global competitors, and in particular China, in mobile communication infrastructure—specifically 5G and Internet of Things (IoT). This national failure, with the socioeconomic and geopolitical tensions that it creates, is not due to a lack of US government investment in the knowledge required for the mobility revolution. Nor is it because of a dearth of domestic demand for the equipment, devices, and applications that can make use of this infrastructure. Rather, the problem is the dereliction of key US-based business corporations to take the lead in making the investments in organizational learning required to generate cutting edge communication-infrastructure products. No company in the United States exemplifies this deficiency more than Cisco Systems, the business corporation founded in Silicon Valley in 1984 that had explosive growth in the 1990s to become the foremost global enterprise-networking equipment producer in the Internet revolution. This paper provides in-depth analysis of Cisco’s organizational failure, attributing it ultimately to the company’s turn from innovation in the last decades of 20th century to financialization in the early decades of the 21st century. Since 2001, Cisco’s top management has chosen to allocate corporate cash to open-market share repurchases— aka stock buybacks—for the purpose of giving manipulative boosts to the company stock price rather than make the investments in organizational learning required to become a world leader in communication-infrastructure equipment for the era of 5G and IoT. From October 2001 through October 2022, Cisco spent $152.3 billion—95 percent of its net income over the period—on stock buybacks for the purpose of propping up its stock price. These funds wasted in pursuit of “maximizing shareholder value” were on top of the $55.5 billion that Cisco paid out to shareholders in dividends, representing an additional 35 percent of net income. In this paper, we trace how Cisco grew from a Silicon Valley startup in 1984 to become, through its innovative products, the world leader in enterprise-networking equipment over the next decade and a half. As the company entered the 21st century, building on its dominance of enterprise-networking, Cisco was positioned to upgrade its technological capabilities to become a major infrastructureequipment vendor to service providers. We analyze how and why, when the Internet boom turned to bust in 2001, the organizational structure that enabled Cisco to dominate enterprise networking posed constraints related to manufacturing and marketing on the company’s growth in the more sophisticated infrastructure-equipment segment. We then document how from 2002 Cisco turned from innovation to financialization, as it used its ample profits to do stock buybacks to prop up its stock price. Finally, we ponder the larger policy implications of Cisco’s turn from innovation to financialization for the competitive position of the US information-and-communication technology (ICT) industry in the global economy.
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