Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Information technology and art'
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1
Turner, Rhys Stephen. "Etherscapes: Massless, Elastic, Technology and Control." University of Sydney, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/1100.
Abstract:
Master of Visual ArtsThis thesis is an exploration into the ether of the digital aesthetic. It attempts to capture a segment of the continually morphing space then deconstruct and analyse it through electronic and new media art. Herein you will find a questioning of technology and control within electronic and new media art as an investigation into better understanding the current media image and visual culture that so powerfully influences the modern social construct. By nature this argument has existed for some years but only now with advancements in technology and more affordable realisation of ideas by media artists, the topic of the digital aesethetic, technology and control has become relevant for popular debate. As war lingers in our minds, terrorism hits headlines, and experiements in cloning human DNA take place, the technology that society demands can only necessarily be seen as a major contributing factor to today's strange times. However, strange or not, the questions I wish to discuss; Does technology determine contemporary society or do we determine technology? Where does the control exist?
2
Jewett, James W. "Dancing in the play of the senses: An exploration of dance and technology." View abstract/electronic edition; access limited to Brown University users, 2008. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3318389.
Abstract:
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Brown University, 2008.Title on DVD: MELT. Vita. Advisor : Todd Winkler. Rock copy 2 : includes supplementary digital materials. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 147-162).
3
Peddisetty, Naga Raju. "State-of-the-art Intrusion Detection: Technology, Challenges, and Evaluation." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-2792.
Abstract:
Due to the invention of automated hacking tools, Hacking is not a black art anymore. Even script kiddies can launch attacks in few seconds. Therefore, there is a great emphasize on the Security to protect the resources from camouflage. Intrusion Detection System is also one weapon in the security arsenal. It is the process of monitoring and analyzing information sources in order to detect vicious traffic. With its unique capabilities like monitoring, analyzing, detecting and archiving, IDS assists the organizations to combat against threats, to have a snap-shot of the networks, and to conduct Forensic Analysis. Unfortunately there are myriad products inthe market. Selecting a right product at time is difficult. Due to the wide spread rumors and paranoia, in this work I have presented the state-of-the-art IDS technologies, assessed the products, and evaluated. I have also presented some of the novel challenges that IDS products are suffering. This work will be a great help for pursuing IDS technology and to deploy Intrusion Detection Systems in an organization. It also gives in-depth knowledge of the present IDS challenges.
4
King, Susan R. "Wearable art inspired by the effects of information technology at the beginning of the twenty-first century." Online version, 2000. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2000/2000kings.pdf.
5
Stettheimer, Timothy Dwight. "Modeling Utilization of Planned Information Technology." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2000. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc2496/.
Abstract:
Implementations of information technology solutions to address specific information problems are only successful when the technology is utilized. The antecedents of technology use involve user, system, task and organization characteristics as well as externalities which can affect all of these entities. However, measurement of the interaction effects between these entities can act as a proxy for individual attribute values. A model is proposed which based upon evaluation of these interaction effects can predict technology utilization. This model was tested with systems being implemented at a pediatric health care facility. Results from this study provide insight into the relationship between the antecedents of technology utilization. Specifically, task time provided significant direct causal effects on utilization. Indirect causal effects were identified in task value and perceived utility constructs. Perceived utility, along with organizational support also provided direct causal effects on user satisfaction. Task value also impacted user satisfaction in an indirect fashion. Also, results provide a predictive model and taxonomy of variables which can be applied to predict or manipulate the likelihood of utilization for planned technology.
6
Lomerson, William L. (William Lough). "Information Technology Needs of Professional Education Faculty with the Implications for the Design of Information Technology Systems." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1992. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc332783/.
Abstract:
This study identified determinants existing within the academic environment of professional education faculty that influence the development and implementation of an information technology system to support their professional endeavors. Such a system would encourage these faculty to integrate technology into their curriculum and, consequently, produce teacher graduates who could employ information technology effectively in teaching. This study used a field survey research design with a mailed questionnaire. Both institutional and personal demographic factors were examined. The population exhibited a high level of homogeneity. This study indicated that ease of use, reliable operation, and capability to integrate technology into their personal work style were the most important concerns of faculty members. These factors reduce the emotional and intellectual costs of using technology.
7
Eke, Damian. "Investigating the current state of the art on Ethics Reviews of Information and Communications Technology Research in UK Universities." Thesis, De Montfort University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2086/6017.
Abstract:
Information and Communications Technology (ICT) is a concept that represents the convergence of some defining technologies of our time (information technology, computer technology and media technology) and the increasing influences its research and usage have on the society today. With such distinctive features as pervasiveness, ubiquity, malleability, interactivity, augmentation, autonomy and virtualization, ICT research and usage provide an array of ethical and social challenges. However, most contemporary research on ICT ethics concentrates only either on the usage of ICT artefacts or on questions that raise significant theoretical or practical interest such as ICT implants or eHealth. There has been little research on the ethical and social issues associated with research and development. This research draws attention back to the beginning- research and development. It seeks to find out how ethical issues are considered in ICT research being carried out in the UK computing departments/faculties. It investigates the current state of the art with regard to ethics reviews of ICT research through establishing its relevance, availability and effectiveness. The fact that high quality researches (including European projects) in ICT are currently being carried out in so many UK computing departments, which also produce engineers for IT companies, justifies the choice of the UK in this research. Even though a quantitative tool of questionnaire was used as part of the data collection methods, the interpretive and subjective nature of this research find reference in the use of interviews for the main data collection and dialectical hermeneutics for data analysis. Through a dialectical hermeneutic process, the different understandings on availability, relevance and effectiveness of ethics reviews of ICT research emerged. These understandings showed the strengths and weaknesses of the current ethics review procedures in the UK computing departments which provided the basis for relevant recommendations to policy makers.
8
Campbell-Macdonald, Daniel. "Congenital nausea this exegesis [thesis] was submitted to the Auckland University of Technology in partial fulfilment of the degree of Master of Arts (Art and Design), 2003 /." Full thesis. Abstract, 2003.
Abstract:
Thesis (MA--Art and Design) -- Auckland University of Technology, 2003.Not all images visible in e-thesis. Also held in print (45 leaves, ill., CD-ROM, 30 cm.) in Wellesley Theses Collection. (T 709.93 CAM)
9
Berglund, Jan. "Network Centric Warfare : a realistic defense alternative for smaller nations /." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2004. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion/04Jun%5FBergland.pdf.
Abstract:
Thesis (M.S. in Defense Analysis)--Naval Postgraduate School, June 2004.Thesis advisor(s): John Arquilla, Gordon H. McCormick. Includes bibliographical references (p. 131-138). Also available online.
10
Lan, Yi-Chen. "Management of information technology issues in enterprise globalisation /." View thesis, 2003. http://library.uws.edu.au/adt-NUWS/public/adt-NUWS20031217.130842/index.html.
11
Malven, Christopher John. "Public : an exploration of community, environment, and technology /." VCU Scholars Compass, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10156/1775.
12
Folkesson, Patrik, and Robert Lönnroos. "Construction Automation : Assessment of State of the Art and Future Possibilities." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för innovation, design och teknik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-39553.
Abstract:
The world of automation has grown rapidly for the last four decades and it is driven by higher demands from users, technology development and maturity of technologies of industrial processes. Companies all over the world have automated their manufacturing processes which have led to billions of dollars in productivity and quality improvements. In the construction industry innovation transpires extremely slowly and a reluctance to implement new strategies and a low research and development budget also contribute to the slow innovation rate. Because of this, technical innovations such as automation solutions are uncommon in the construction industry. Methods and concepts from the manufacturing industry, such as lean principles and mass customization, have for some time tried to be implemented the construction industry to reach higher productivity. However, despite those efforts, automation solutions are not yet commonplace on the average construction site. The purpose of this thesis is to investigate existing and emerging automation solutions that could be used to automate on-site construction operations with the use of digital technologies. Empirical and theoretical studies were conducted. A literature study was conducted to gain knowledge regarding the construction industry and its digitalization and general level of automation. This was then complemented with an interview study, where Skanska AB’s Technical Specialist was one of the interviewees, in addition to being the company’s mentor for this thesis. Skanska served as an example of a representative construction company since it is one of the largest construction companies in the world. To widen the data collection, the interview study included several relevant companies where their representatives were interviewed regarding their own state of digitalization and automation. For guiding the purpose of the thesis, three research questions were formulated. The research for answering these questions led to the resulting findings regarding what is possible to automate on the construction site, what the benefits could be from implementing such solutions and what the challenges are which needs to be overcome. The results of these studies show that the construction industry is facing challenges regarding the implementation of automation solutions. Examples of this are the lack of data in general, safety concerns and project planning operations. The currently existing industrial robots, for example, are generally heavy with low lifting capacity to weight ratio which is not much of a problem in a manufacturing setting, but it makes for an imperfect fit in the construction industry, since movability and high lifting capacity is of interest for such implementations. This thesis provides knowledge of available technologies that can be used for implementing automation at the construction site as well as what benefits can be expected from successful implementations of such solutions, such as higher productivity, increased profitability and increased safety for both equipment and personnel.
13
Thite, Mohan, and m. thite@griffith edu au. "Relationship between leadership and information technology project success." Swinburne University of Technology, 1997. http://adt.lib.swin.edu.au./public/adt-VSWT20050324.162753.
Abstract:
This research explores the nature and importance of leadership in technical projects. It contends that there is a need to develop a leadership model incorporating the unique personality and occupational characteristics of technical professionals and their project environment. Increasing attention is now being paid to the non-technical aspects, such as leadership, in the execution of technical projects; but there is a dearth of empirical research justifying their importance as critical success factors.
Using Bass and Avolio�s (1990) model and its measurement instrument, this study tested the suitability of transformational leadership, considered a cornerstone of post-industrial school of leadership, in the successful execution of information systems projects. In addition, a separate technical leadership scale, derived from the meta analysis of the technical leadership literature, was also tested, compared and contrasted with Bass and Avolio�s model.
The conceptual framework postulated that a combination of transformational and technical leadership styles augment transactional leadership leading to high project success with the additional support of other contingency factors, such as clarity of project mission, top management support and availability of technical resources.
The population for the research was information systems projects in Australian organisations. The participating organisations were part of the top 100 computer using organisations, top 50 software companies and members of the Australian Information Industry Association (AIIA). Of the 111 organisations which were invited and found suitable, 36 participated in the research, yielding a response rate of 32%.
Each participating organisation involved two project teams in the survey, one considered more successful and another less successful, on specified parameters. The sample consisted of the IT project managers (n = 70) and their subordinates (n = 228) who described the leadership behaviours of self/manager in terms of transformational, transactional, and technical leadership scales and their perceived effectiveness. In addition, senior IT managers (n = 18) were interviewed to obtain a three dimensional (superiors, self and subordinates) perspective of project leadership.
The results were consistent with the hypothesis that managers of more successful projects exhibit transformational and technical leadership behaviours to a greater extent than managers of less successful projects. They also exhibited more of transactional contingent reward behaviour, thus, supporting the augmentation effect. Management-by-exception passive behaviour showed a strong but negative correlation with leadership outcome. As hypothesised, transformational and technical leadership scales were more strongly correlated with leadership outcome scales in more successful projects than in less successful projects. These results were in line with the previous findings on Bass and Avolio�s model.
The more successful projects also exhibited stronger presence of the contingency factors considered in the study i.e., better clarity of project mission to team members, top management support and greater availability of technical resources. There was a broad agreement between the managers and their subordinates on leadership, outcome and contingency scales.
The factor analysis of leadership scales resulted in one transformational scale (combination of intellectual stimulation and idealised influence), one technical scale (organisational catalyst), and three transactional scales (contingent reward, management-by-exception active and passive). The modified leadership scales were used to propose a technical leadership model, laying the foundation for a technical leadership theory.
The results demonstrate the importance of leadership as a critical success factor in technical projects and provide valuable clues on a 'role model' for aspiring project managers which include the key elements of transformational and technical leadership. While there may be no one leadership style that is effective in all project situations, the study recommends an underlying yet flexible style characterised by organisational catalyst, intellectual stimulation, behavioural charisma and contingent reward behaviours for enhanced leadership effectiveness.
14
Glassburner, Aaron. "Creating Supply Chain Resilience with Information Communication Technology." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2018. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1157577/.
Abstract:
Supply chain resilience refers to the capability of a supply chain to both withstand and adapt to unexpected disturbances. In today's turbulent business environment, firms are continually seeking to create more resilience within their supply chain through increased information communication technology use and enhanced business-to-business relationships. The focus of this dissertation is the investigation of how information communication technology creates resilience at the differing process levels of supply chain operations. Past research into information communication technology use within supply chains has often been conducted at the macro-level of supply chain phenomena. As such, there is still much to understand about how decision-makers interact with information communication technology at the micro-level of supply chain decision-making. A more in-depth, broad coverage of this interaction will provide both practitioners and academics a better understanding of how to leverage information communication technology in achieving supply chain resilience. To meet this aim, this dissertation contains three essays that re-orient conceptual thinking about supply chain phenomenon, explore how advances in information communication technology influence business-to-business relationships, and identify how information communication technology effects the decision-making of supply chain managers.
15
Guiney, Andrew, and aguiney@smsmt com. "Information Technology Project Management Team Building for Project Success." RMIT University. Graduate School of Business, 2009. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20100122.121228.
Abstract:
More than ninety per cent of projects are run by project teams and the stronger the team the more likely the project will succeed. Team building activities are performed to both increase team performance and to enhance the likelihood of project success. For the purpose of this study, information technology (IT) business projects were chosen as IT is a major driving force in business today and there is widespread dissatisfaction with the performance of IT business projects. In analysing the causes of dissatisfaction, increasingly researchers are recognising that technology is a secondary issue behind the human side of project team management. Business projects were chosen because increasingly IT is being used in the business environment to solve problems in the post-industrial era characterised by the service industry, while the manufacturing industry, from which much of the project literature has emerged, reduces. The importance of the project team in developing IT business projects is well recognised and managers are concerned about their ability to transform an ad-hoc collection of people assigned to a particular project into a coherent, integrated project team. In most cases the activities recommended to build a successful IT business project team have been theoretically based, rather than empirically founded. The goal of this research was to investigate the team building activities used on successful projects. To achieve this goal, the research defines the key measures of project success and establishes their relative importance; determines the most important team building activities for project success with experienced project managers; enhances the understanding of implementation of team building activities on successful projects; and provides suggestions on how to increase the likelihood of project success through focusing on team building activities. The research used the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to develop a hierarchical model linking project success measures with team building activities. Confirmation of the AHP results and additional understanding of team building activities implementation was achieved by interviewing experienced project managers. The research found that customer satisfaction, although seldom used, was significantly more important as a project success measure than the three measures most often used - time, budget and scope. As identified by project managers, the most important team building activities for achieving customer satisfaction are team leadership; ensuring senior management support; staffing the team properly; planning the project with the team and empowering team members; building commitment among team members; developing strong communication channels and developing appropriate organisational interfaces. The research found successful projects focused on relationships in addition to the task focus of many project methodologies. The research findings on team building activities will enable project leaders on IT business projects to develop empowered project teams with stronger affiliations and support throughout the organisation. By empowering project teams to create effective internal and external relationships there will be fewer project failures, increased customer satisfaction and improved achievement of project success.
16
Burgan, Owen T. S., and burgan@internode on net. "Helping teachers surf the Information and Communication Technology tsunami." Deakin University, 2001. http://tux.lib.deakin.edu.au./adt-VDU/public/adt-VDU20040423.163355.
Abstract:
A range of factors, both internal and external, is creating changes in teaching and
teachers professional lives. Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is
just one of the major changes impacting on the teaching profession. As teachers face
intense pressure to adapt to this tsunami, this study aims to investigate ways in which
teachers can be helped. In South Australia, where this study is set, all teachers in
Government schools are expected to be
"ICT Smart", i.e. able to use appropriate
forms of ICT to enhance the teaching and learning environment of their classrooms.
From the researchers involvement for over a decade in professional development for
teachers, and from visits to many schools, it appears that numerous teachers have not
reached this standard. The greatest need is in Reception to Year 7 schools where the
average age of teachers is nearly 50. Because no state-wide data exists, this study is
intended to establish if there is a problem and if there is, to identify specific needs
and offer possible solutions.
The study is comprised of four parts: Part A, the Introduction gives an overview of
the inter-relationships between these parts and the overall Folio. It establishes the
setting and provides a rationale for the study and its focus on Professional
Development in Information and Communication Technology. Part B, the Elective
Research Studies, follows the writers involvement in this field since the 1980s. It
establishes the theme of "Moving best practice in ICT from the few to the many"
which underlies the whole study. Part C, the Dissertation, traces the steps taken to
investigate the need for professional development in ICT. This is achieved by
analysing and commenting on data collected from a state-wide survey and a series of
interviews with leading figures, and by providing a review of the relevant literature
and past and existing models of professional development. Part D, Final Comments,
provides an overview of the whole Folio and a reflection on the research that has
been conducted.
The findings are that there is widespread dissatisfaction with existing models and
that there is an urgent need for professional development in this area, because nearly
20% of teachers either do not use computers or are considered to be novice users.
Another 25% are considered to be below not yet "ICT Smart". Less than 10% of ICT
co-ordinators have a formal qualification in the field but more than 85% of them are
interested in a Masters program.
The study offers solutions in Part B where there is a discussion of a range of
strategies to provide on-going professional development for teachers. Chapter 9
provides an outline of a proposed Masters level program and offers suggestions on
how it could be best delivered. This program would meet the identified needs of ICT
co-ordinators.
The study concludes with a series of recommendations and suggestions for further
research. The Education Department must address these urgent professional
development needs of teachers, particularly those in the more remote country
regions. There needs to be a follow-up survey to establish to what extent teachers in
South Australia are now "ICT Smart
".
17
Elovaara, Pirjo. "Angels in Unstable Sociomaterial Relations : Stories of Information Technology." Doctoral thesis, Karlskrona : Blekinge Institute of Technology, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-00306.
Abstract:
I have explored spaces, where negotiations of border transgressions take place and where issues of technology and politics mingle. We meet a diversity of actors in the world of information technology (IT): political texts, people and technology participating in numerous sociomaterial relations. Time is the end of the 1990s and the beginning of the new millennium, 2000. Years, when IT occupied the western world and created its own fuzzy discourse. Years, when IT stole the biggest newspaper headlines and years, when IT became a mundane everyday part of our work practices. Years, when we learned to live in heterogeneous worlds. Actor-Network Theory (ANT) and Actor-Network Theory and After (ANTa) provide analytical and methodological perspectives when working with the empirical material. I present a chronological exposé of some of the key concepts of ANT and ANTa. I also discuss how the classical ANT perspective has changed during the last few years from being a theory of networks to become a methodological and analytical approach to other kinds of spaces such as fluid and fire. The heart of the thesis consists of six empirical cases. My aim of writing stories of information technology has been to investigate the black box of information technology. Investigating includes also efforts of opening. Concepts that are taken for granted, such as the very notion of information technology in my case, can be explored, questioned, transgressed, blurred and opened up. Each of the diffracted stories is specific and unique, with its own actors, context, location and situatedness. But the stories are also connected through ANT, and feminist technology and technoscience studies. Case number one, ‘Discourses and Cracks – A Case Study of Information Technology and Writing Women in a Regional Context ’, is about a project, where questions concerning discourses of information society with a special focus on citizenship are discussed and where global and national politics are translated to local and situated practices. Case number two, ‘Translating and Negotiating Information Technology ’, consists of two main parts. The fi rst one is about a regional library project. The analysis of the project is based on the classical Actor Network Theory (ANT) approach that invites the study of the heterogeneous and negotiable shaping of IT. The second part is about librarians developing web-based services. The analysis is inspired by the later development of ANT (called ANTa in the thesis) in order to include more invisible actors, relations and negotiations. Case number three, ‘Negotiating Information Technology: Politics and Practices of The Public Sector Web Production’, is about work practices of a municipal web developer, through which creation of sociotechnical relations of everyday information technology practices is analysed and also mirrored to national and local IT politics. Case number four, ‘Making e-Government Happen – Everyday Co-Development of Services, Citizenship and Technology’, is presenting the same web developer as in the third case, but now his everyday practices are connected with an expanded and wider circuit of co-constructors of information technology. The text is a co-production of a multidisciplinary research group aiming to describe, analyse and problematise connections when creating practices, where technology and society collaborate. Case number fi ve, ‘Citizenship at the Crossroads of Multiple Layers of Sociotechnical Relations’, enrols technology as an active actor in the construction of citizenship in an IT context in Sweden. The perspective emphasising the active agency of non-humans both enhances and challenges the Scandinavian approach of systems development by suggesting a direction towards a cyborgian approach towards technology design. Case number six, ‘Between Stability and Instability – a Project about e-Democracy ’, takes its point of departure from a small-scale project having as its goal the development of e-democracy in a municipal context. In the text the focus is on the stabilisation processes in shaping the technology (‘e’) and democracy parts of the project. I also discuss what kinds of spaces exist in between (the hyphen in e-democracy) and ask if integration between technology and democracy is possible as a whole. Finally, my intention is to step further into stories and practices not yet existing. Inspired by the French philosopher Michel Serres, I introduce the fi guration of an angel as a cartographer, intermediator and (co-) constructor of sociomaterial relations. Angels are needed to sew the separate fi elds of technology, politics and everyday practices to a rich seamless tapestry. They are the ‘artful integrators’ (Suchman).
18
Stewart, Rodney Anthony, and r. stewart@griffith edu au. "Lifecycle Management of Information Technology (IT) Projects in Construction." Griffith University. School of Engineering, 2003. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20030423.122317.
Abstract:
The last twenty years has seen a tremendous change in the way companies do business. Much of this change can be attributed to the so-called information revolution. The integrated interaction between Information Technology (IT) and business processes has changed from its initial function of automating clerical tasks (e.g. payroll, inventory) to providing pertinent information for operational, managerial and executive groups within the organisation. In more recent times, IT has enabled some organisations, including those in the construction industry, to transform or re-engineer their business processes in the face of the rapidly changing business environment. As international competition continues to intensify, significant numbers of construction organisations are investing large amounts of resources into IT as they seek to gain competitive advantage. IT is increasingly being implemented for strategic reasons, so as to enable improved efficiency, better control and enhanced productivity of internal processes. The failure of realising expected IT-induced benefits has led to a growing number of senior executives to question the value of IT investments. Thus, questions like the following are typical: Are we getting our money's worth from our IT investment? ; Are we spending too much or too little on IT? ; What IT projects make the best use of our resources? ; How can we improve the return on our IT investments? This Ph.D. research study was inspired by the perceived lack of a structured framework for the selection, implementation and performance evaluation of IT projects in construction. The development of such a generic framework that could capture the IT project lifecycle management process, and the associated guidelines and procedures for its effective implementation, is a young field of research, still struggling to define its place within the large family of academic disciplines. Being a young branch of science, it might be argued that IT in construction lacks a solid methodological foundation. An IT project lifecycle management process is an integrated approach that provides for the continuous identification, selection, implementation, monitoring and performance evaluation of IT projects. This structured process should provide a systematic method for construction organisations to minimise risks while maximising returns on IT investments. To effectively employ IT in construction, the IT project lifecycle management process should have elements of three essential phases: (1) IT project(s) selection; (2) strategic IT implementation and monitoring; and (3) IT performance evaluation. However, each phase should not be viewed as a separate step. Rather, each is conducted as part of a continuous, interdependent management effort. Information gained from one phase is used to support activities in each of the other two phases. With this in mind, this research study aimed to develop an appropriate framework and associated tools for each phase of the IT project lifecycle. The developed three frameworks are detailed individually in the following paragraphs. The developed IT project(s) selection framework utilised information economics theory to encompass the full spectrum of direct and indirect costs, tangible and intangible expected benefits and the intangible risks associated with IT project proposals, considered for funding by the organisation. To incorporate the uncertainty that normally surrounds quantifying costs, benefits and risks, the framework employed a simple but powerful fuzzy logic technique to integrate all the monetary and non-monetary factors into a form that enabled the ranking of proposals. A case study was undertaken with a large international project management and development organisation to demonstrate the framework's applicability. The case study illustrated the effectiveness of the proposed approach for ranking IT project proposals. Once a portfolio of IT projects is selected for funding by the organisation, it needs to be strategically implemented and monitored over its lifecycle. A strategic IT implementation and monitoring framework was developed to enhance the effectiveness and efficiency of this phase. The framework is premised on a hybrid analysis utilising the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and SWOT analysis. A case study was undertaken to demonstrate the applicability of the proposed framework in the strategic implementation and monitoring of a Project Management Information System (PMIS) by a large Australian construction-contracting organisation. The framework application proved to be successful in helping the organisation to develop appropriate strategies for the effective and efficient implementation of the PMIS. An IT performance evaluation framework and method was then developed for the final phase of the lifecycle. This framework was the primary focus of this Ph.D. research study and was structured using the Balanced Scorecard (BSC) principles adapted to the specific requirements of the construction industry. The framework was structured using a hierarchy of IT performance perspectives, indicators and measures. Five definable perspectives were conceptually developed through analysis and synthesis of the 'IT business value' evaluation literature. These are: operational, benefits, technology/system, strategic competitiveness and user orientation. Indicators and measures were extracted from the mainstream IT literature and construction management literature, as well as the emerging literature on information economics. The preliminary list of indicators was initially screened through consultation with construction professionals and conceptual cause-and-effect mapping. The screened list of project-tier indicators was further refined through questionnaire dissemination. The questionnaire was sent to 322 construction project participants from large construction-contracting and project management organisations located within Australia. The five framework perspectives were statistically validated through the principal component factor analysis with varimax rotation. Each perspective and indicator's relative weight was numerically established using the questionnaire survey results as input to the recently developed Performance Measurement Process Framework (PMPF). The reason that the performance measures were not justified through a quantitative analysis was due to their dynamic nature. Most performance measures change, and will continue to change, with new technology. The developed perspectives, indicators and measures were all compiled into a generic 'Construct IT' BSC that can serve as a template for application at other decision-making tiers of a construction organisation. The problem of combining performance measures, with varying metrics, into commensurable units (utiles) was achieved by applying utility theory. Finally, the developed 'Construct IT' BSC was utilised for a project-tier survey to test the interrelationship between framework indicators and perspectives. Using information collected from 82 project professionals, from large construction-contracting and project management organisations, correlation and independent sample t-tests (one-tailed) provided support for the 'Construct IT' BSC. Specifically, findings suggest that the 'Construct IT' BSC can be used as a tool for monitoring the IT-induced value creation process. In addition, it appears that the proposed 'Construct IT' BSC framework and associated performance evaluation method is both flexible in design and can be modified to suit the needs of individual organisations. These characteristics make the framework continuously relevant to the dynamic nature of IT projects. In summary, the proposed IT project lifecycle management process, and its associated frameworks, provides a holistic view of IT implementation in construction and offers significant contributions to current body of knowledge on IT in construction.
19
Mamun, Md Rasel. "An Analysis of Information Technology (IT) Post-Adoption Behavior." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2020. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1707339/.
Abstract:
The primary focus of this research is explicating the role of emotion in IT post-adoption behavior. Studied in the context of intelligent personal assistants (IPA), a class of conversational artificial intelligence (AI), the first study integrates elements from computer science, communications, and IS disciplines. The research identifies two constructs vital for speech-based technologies, natural language understanding, and feedback, and examines their role in use decisions. This work provides guidance to practice on how best to allocate R&D investments in conversational AI. The second essay examines the IT continuance through the theoretical lens of the expectation-confirmation model (ECM), incorportating cognitive and emotional satisfaction into the ECM framework. Empirical testing of the model suggests that it offers additional clarity on IT continuance phenomena and provides a significant improvement to the explanatory power of ECM in the context of an emerging technology. The third essay is one of the earliest efforts to conceptualize and test a theoretical model that considers emotional attachment in IT continuance behavior. This essay develops a novel model to investigate this phenomenon based on emotional attachment theory, and empirically validates the proposed model in the context of conversational artificial intelligence systems. While the existing theories of IT continuance focus on purely rational, goal-oriented factors, this study incorporates non-cognitive aspects by including the emotional consequences of IT continuance and offers evidence that attachment can exist even in the absence of cognitive factors.
20
Frampton, Keith MacKenzie, and keith_frampton@bigpond com. "Information Technology Architect Capabilities: Which are important and can they be improved?" RMIT University. Computer Science and Information Technology, 2008. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20080821.161427.
Abstract:
Information Technology (IT) systems have become essential components of our society. These IT systems have an internal structure called the system's architecture. This architecture directly affects the system's performance and ability to meet business objectives. The people who design this structure are called IT Architects. Investigating the capabilities that distinguish highly-skilled IT Architects contributes to IT knowledge and practice and supports improving the design of systems' architectures as well as the selection and development of IT Architects. This thesis examines some of the capabilities that distinguish highly-skilled IT Architects and applies the resulting understanding to the education of post-graduate IT students. By investigating selected capabilities of highly-skilled IT Architects, how this group of IT Architects differ from their colleagues with respect to highly-valued capabilities and how these capabilities could be taught, we clarify both a professional and an educational basis for improvement. The research has a three stage, multi-method design. The initial stage, undertaken in 2004, consists of interview-based qualitative research with fourteen practicing IT Architects to understand the characteristics of highly-skilled IT Architects. The interviewees were chosen through personal relationships and subsequent snowball sampling and through the interviews and subsequent analysis, we identify eight capabilities, four personality traits and a range of experience that is valuable for highly-skilled IT Architects. These results support prior research that identified the importance of communications and business knowledge while extending the range of valuable characteristics for the IT Architect role. The next quantitative stage surveys 82 practicing IT Architects and 97 other IT professionals using four psychological measures; the Cognitive Style Inventory (CSI), the Problem Solving Inventory (PSI), the Vividness of Visual Imagery Questionnaire (VVIQ), and Zimbardo's Time Perspective Inventory (ZTPI). The analysis, undertaken in 2005, identifies two statistically significant differentiating capabilities that distinguish highly-skilled IT Architects from less skilled IT Architects. The first capability is that the highly-skilled IT Architects approach problems differently and generate more alternatives before attempting solutions and spend more effort evaluating outcomes than the less skilled IT Architects. The second capability is that the less skilled IT Architects have a different attitude towards time and do not always act consistently with a longer term perspective. The final stage of research investigates whether the teaching of material related to the two distinguishing capabilities improve students outcomes for these capabilities. In 2006 we measured the initial student capability level of 35 students, the level of 28 of these students at the conclusion of the subject, and again in 2007, one-year later 16 students were measured. We again use quantitative surveys with the PSI and ZTPI instruments and found that whilst we measure a change in student capability for problem solving, the two capabilities we targeted are not significantly affected through the teaching. Interviews with the participants indicate that the teaching is effective and the lack of significant differences in the targeted capabilities is because of external factors overriding what they are learning. Our research contributes to the field of Computer Science and Information Technology by providing: (i) the basis for improved identification and selection of IT Architects for industry and providing additional information to enhance their professional education through the identification of distinguishing capabilities of highly-skilled IT Architects; (ii) information for educators about IT Architect capabilities and capability development that are important for highly-skilled IT Architects and some considerations when teaching these capabilities; (iii) a foundation for research that compares and contrasts capabilities within other IT professions; and (iv) results that can be used to improve the process of architecting IT systems. More generally, the research contributes to the body of knowledge regarding IT skills and requirements for different roles.
21
Lamb, Timothy G. "Future small unmanned aerial system (SUAS) flight and mission control support system (FMCSS) design." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2006. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA457224.
Abstract:
Thesis (M.S. in Information Technology Management)--Naval Postgraduate School, September 2006.Thesis Advisor(s): Baer, Wolfgang. "September 2006." Includes bibliographical references (p. 99). Also available in print.
22
JIANG, KAIYUN. "Use of climate-based daylight models for lighting simulation: A state of the art review of the literature published between 2010 and 2020." Thesis, Jönköping University, JTH, Byggnadsteknik och belysningsvetenskap, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-53047.
Abstract:
Climate-based daylight modelling (CBDM) development, aiming for appropriate sky modelling, has attracted quite some attention during the last years. Ten years ago, it was a challenge to simulate luminous environment dynamics. Over the years, the accuracy of climate models has improved and the need for high precision daylight simulations has been met along with the development of daylight calculation methods. This paper reviews the latest technologies released between 2010 and 2020 for lighting simulation relevant to building science research. After reviewing the development of climate models, advances in daylight calculation methods are discussed. The results of the study show that the accuracy of simulation results has improved significantly based on high precision daylight simulations, but also pose problems of simulation time and simulation feasibility.
23
Thomas, Patricia. "Information systems success and technology acceptance within a government organization." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2008. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc9023/.
Abstract:
Numerous models of IS success and technology acceptance their extensions have been proposed and applied in empirical. This study continues this tradition and extends the body of knowledge on the topic of IS success by developing a more comprehensive model for measuring IS success and technology acceptance within a government organization. The proposed model builds upon three established IS success and technology acceptance frameworks namely the DeLone and McLean (2003), Venkatesh et al.'s (2003) unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT), and Wixom and Todd (2005). The findings from this study provide not only a comprehensive IS success assessment model but also insights into whether and how IS success models are influenced by application variables as applied within a government organization. Exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were performed for instrument refinement and validity test of the existing and proposed models. Using data from employees of a local government municipal, the comprehensive model explained 32 percent variance. Four of the hypothesis were fully supported five were not supported, and four were partially supported. In addition, the results suggest that behavioral intention may not be the best predictor of technology acceptance in a mandatory environment.
24
Mosako, Daniel Rankadi. "A study to identify and evaluate the roles and challenges of modern art museums - with special reference to the incorporation of digital technology in art museums in the Gauteng province of South Africa." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/61392.
Abstract:
This research briefly introduces the roles of art museums and presents selected digital technology implementation challenges and benefits in art museums in the Gauteng Province.
An art museum is a building or space for the exhibition of work of art, usually visual art. Art museums collect objects of art and other historic artefacts that are documented and exhibited for different purposes, such as aesthetic value, social, historic cultural and educational, significance and research values that are traceable to a specific society or group of individuals.
In South Africa, particularly in the Gauteng Province, art museums are failing to keep pace with international trends about the use of digital technology. It is, therefore, important for art museums as information dissemination centres to incorporate digital technology in their daily museum business as it may offer the opportunity for these museums to become more effective and competitive in the global information society.
A literature review is done to understand the trends of different digital technologies in other first world international cities. The examined literature revealed that the Internet and other technological applications of the new millennium prompted a re-evaluation of cutting edge museum research, education roles, and documentation capabilities. Consequently, digital technology became an integral component of the digital policies of many art museums, allowing them to satisfy the demand for online information sharing abilities. A qualitative research approach together with a constructivism educational theory is used to fully understand South Africa’s position regarding the use of digital technology. In South Africa, digital technology usage in art museums is predominantly limited to email exchange, electronic invitations to exhibitions, data capturing of collections and viewing of basic websites. In other words, digital technologies are not optimally used in the South African art museum environment.
The study explores the benefits of digital technology interfaces at art museums against fixed traditional art museum information dissemination practices. The objectives of the study are to create an awareness of best practice in the implementation of digital technology interfaces at art museums in Gauteng.
The findings in this study indicate that digital technologies have proved to be useful in several spheres of public life resulting in the popular utilization of e-learning, e-mail, e-health, e-government and e-commerce. It is, therefore, proposed that art museums in South Africa embrace digital technologies to enhance the transformation of these museums. In essence, the implementation of digital technologies such as ‘virtual tours’ and other popular social media platforms and applications may raise the profile of art museums and market their contents to wider audiences, and may also help to popularise their heritage collections for leisure and scholarly purposes.Mini Dissertation (MCHS)--University of Pretoria, 2017.
Department of Arts & Culture
University of Pretoria
Visual Arts
MHCS
Unrestricted
25
Taskov, Konstantin. "Organizational factors contributing to an effective information technology intelligence system." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2008. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc9733/.
Abstract:
The purpose of this dissertation is to investigate the organizational factors that contribute to effective emerging information technology intelligence processes and products. Emerging information technology is defined as a technology which is little commercialized and is currently adopted by not more than twenty percent of the companies within a given industry. By definition, information technology intelligence is a subdivision of competitive intelligence and business intelligence. I discovered evidence that the information technology intelligence process includes assessment of information technology intelligence needs of consumers, collection of data from internal and external sources, analysis of the collected data and distribution of the analyzed data to the consumers. Exploratory factor analysis confirmed the existence of all the variables in the proposed research model. I found empirical evidence that the final technology intelligence product contributes to better decisions made by consumers, their better environmental scanning, and more funding to information technology departments in organizations from different industries and of different sizes.
26
McGuire, Carol. "WHO WE ARE MATTERS:THE IDENTITY OF THE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY ORGANIZATION AND OUTSOURCING SUCCESS." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1457534129.
27
Mhd, Sarif Suhaimi. "The challenge of stickiness in knowledge transfer among information and communication technology (ICT) firms in Malaysian technology parks /." Murdoch University Digital Theses Program, 2008. http://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/adt/browse/view/adt-MU20091123.135305.
28
Wong, Chee Kong. "Information and communications technology (ICT), productivity and economic growth in China." UWA Business School, 2007. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2008.0009.
Abstract:
In the current literature on productivity and economic growth, many studies have explored the relationship between information and communications technology (ICT) and growth. In these studies, ICT capital stock is treated as an individual input in the production process that contributes to output growth. In fact, ICT is found to be a key driver of productivity growth in the developed economies. However, few empirical studies deal with China which has in recent years become one of the world's largest ICT markets and production centres. The lack of empirical work in this field contrasts sharply with the wealth of literature which presents background and descriptive studies of China's high technology sectors that include the telecommunications, the computer and the Internet sectors. This dissertation attempts to fill the void in the literature by examining the role of ICT in China's economy over the past two decades. It aims to develop a framework which emphasizes ICT as a production factor and apply it to interpret China's economic growth. The dissertation contributes to the empirical literature by focusing on the following core aspects underlying the linkage between ICT and economic growth. First, it attempts to estimate the size of China's ICT capital stock using the perpetual inventory method. Second, based on such estimates, the dissertation measures the contribution of ICT to China's economic growth by means of a production function model that segregates ICT from all other forms of capital. Third, the dissertation examines the impact of ICT on technical efficiency in China's regions by applying a stochastic frontier model. Lastly, the dissertation looks at the demand aspect of the ICT industry by estimating and projecting demand for ICT services, namely, the telecommunications and computer markets in China. According to this study, ICT capital is found to be a positive driver for the Chinese economy, and is responsible for about 25% of the country's economic growth, although the percentage varies at different periods. ICT capital is also found to have a positive and significant impact on technical efficiency in the Chinese regions. However, the disparity between the coastal and inland regions in terms of technical efficiency scores is found to be very wide, due to the bulk of ICT investment going into the municipal cities and coastal provinces. It is also found that China may be facing the beginning of a period of strong productivity growth driven by increased investment in ICT, especially innovative investment. Furthermore, projections of demand show that the majority of Chinese citizens will have access to a fixed-line telephone or the mobile phone in five years from now, while about half of the Chinese population is expected to use the computer by 2010.
29
com, albanjari@yahoo, and Suhaimi Mhd Sarif. "The challenge of stickiness in knowledge transfer among information and communication technology (ict) firms in Malaysian technology parks." Murdoch University, 2009. http://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/adt/browse/view/adt-MU20091123.135305.
Abstract:
The study examines knowledge transfer between firms by using the concept of stickiness to conceptualise problems with knowledge transfer. The concept of stickiness is sub-divided into macro and micro levels stickiness. As for macro level stickiness, the study uses literature in the field of innovation studies, in which governments have been identified as major contributors to macro level stickiness. The study uses literature in the economics of knowledge and evolutionary economics to develop the concept of micro level stickiness, which refers to firms contributions to stickiness. Four factors are used to examine micro stickiness: transfer mechanisms, types of transfer, knowledge barriers, and transfer contexts. After explaining the concept of stickiness and providing a background to technology parks policy, the study examines the perceptions of a variety of informants of stickiness in knowledge transfer among ICT firms in Malaysian technology parks. The study approached seven (out of eleven) Malaysian technology parks, over a period of three months in 2005 (May-July 2005) and a month in 2007 (August 2007). It interviewed fifty (50) informants, who included policy makers, government officers, and executives of ICT firms in Malaysian technology parks. With respect to macro level stickiness, policy makers and government confirmed that the government cannot exclude previous policy documents that contained three major elements: national unity, foreign direct investment and sound economic growth to formulate policy for Malaysian technology parks, which does not solely encourage knowledge transfer because the policy documents permitted short term profit taking by ICT firms. With respect to micro level stickiness, the results suggest that transfer mechanisms, types of transfer, knowledge barriers, and transfer contexts are costly; thus, impede ICT firms from participating actively in knowledge transfer between ICT firms. This study suggests that the government and ICT firms should work closely to facilitate knowledge transfer between ICT firms in Malaysian technology parks.
30
Compton, Shane M., and n/a. "Information technology implementation and acceptance: a case study of change management." University of Canberra. Applied Science, 2002. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20050331.145848.
Abstract:
The implementation of a new Information Technology in an organization represents a
significant change. Little research, however, has been conducted on the collective
power of Information Technology acceptance and change management. The current
research seeks to integrate a prominent model of technology acceptance and change
management theory to develop an holistic approach to Information Technology
implementation and acceptance. Using Davis' (1989) Technology Acceptance Model
(TAM) (Attitude) and Beer, Eisenstat and Specter's (1990) six step model of change
(Change), this three phase longitudinal case study examined the change management
of the implementation of a new Information System within a statutory authority.
Results from the current study show that the addition of the six step model (Change)
adds appreciably to the TAM (Attitude) in the prediction of general service
satisfaction and perceived implementation success. Findings also show the temporal
salience of the factors of the six step model and the TAM in the prediction of these
dependent variables. The current research supports previous work by Davis (1989)
and Thompson, Higgins and Howell (1994) who stated that initially people are
motivated to use an Information System by affect, but will in time be more concerned
with usefulness as habit formation occurs. The current study found that during the
pre-implementation phase, commitment through communication and vision are
critical to the change process. However, as the change moves into the implementation
phase, consensus becomes most important. The shift in factors salient during the
change process is what the author refers to as the temporal progression proposition.
Strengths and limitations of the current study and recommendations for future
research are discussed.
31
Gilmore, Elizabeth L. (Elizabeth Lee). "Impact of Training on the Information Technology Attitudes of University Faculty." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1998. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc278150/.
Abstract:
The purpose of this study was to determine whether training had an impact on the information technology attitudes of university faculty. The study was twofold. First, it sought to determine whether training changed attitudes toward information technology among faculty at a small, liberal arts university. Secondly, a group of faculty at a similar university was used to compare the differences in attitudes toward information technology among faculty who had received training and those who had not. The research population consisted of 218 faculty from these two universities. The literature review focused on obstacles to information technology use by faculty, instruments currently available for measuring faculty attitude, methods used in training faculty to use information technology, and integration of information technology by faculty.
32
Reardon, James F. "The Effect of Information Technology on Productivity in the Retail Sector." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1995. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc277962/.
Abstract:
Three major research questions were addressed in this study. First, does information technology contribute to the productivity of retail institutions? Second, to what degree can information technology be substituted for labor and capital in retailing? Finally, is the market efficient in allocating information technology? These questions were chosen after a careful review of the literature revealed gaps in these areas.
33
Bosworth, Kendra, and n/a. "ACT infromation technology and adult education : a case study of the extent to which adult learning principles are incorporated into information technology adult education and training in the Australian Capital Territory." University of Canberra. Education, 1995. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20060608.155019.
Abstract:
This study explores the implementation of adult learning principles in information
technology adult education and training in the Australian Capital Territory, Australia.
A set of adult learning principles is examined and interpreted with reference to
supporting and contradicting theorists. The development of these theories is also
explored in order to determine the changes in perspectives since 1900. Five of
Canberra's information technology adult education and training providers were
analysed. Surveys were distributed to trainers and students of these providers. These
surveys requested respondents to rate their perception of the extent to which each
learning principle is adopted in their learning environment. Demographic information
about respondents was also obtained. Responses were compared between trainers,
students and different providers. Results illustrate that the rejection or non-rejection
of many adult learning principles is highly correlated with this demographic
information.
34
Sweo, Robert (Robert Edward). "Toward the Development of Information Technology Variables to Help Predict Organizational Structure." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1995. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc278238/.
Abstract:
There is a growing awareness that information technology plays a critical role in helping determine organizational structure. Unfortunately, that role has not been adequately defined. This study provides a foundation for an increase in our understanding of the relationship between information technology and organizational structure by defining a new set of information technology variables and identifying differences in organizational structure based on these new variables.
35
Ramirez, Jonathan. "Designing Informative Art visualizations to explore invisible software processes in the web browser." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-281260.
Abstract:
The Internet has become an essential tool for today’s’ society. With its growth over the years, it is important to ask about the influence of the internet browser on individuals and how it modifies the pace and behavior of people’s affairs. This study describes the design and development of l3-37, a custom browser whose purpose is to prompt the user to reflect on the browser’s hidden software processes and to gather valuable insights. To support this, l3-37 includes two informative art visualizations designed to encourage the user to explore the HTML Cookies and the DOM tree. The two high-fidelity prototypes were developed based on Research Through Design and Autobiographical Design methods. Additionally, to address the affordances and limits of this work, a Think Aloud study was conducted to examine how the participants reflected on the hidden data and the insights they obtained. The study discusses the insights and lessons learned from the entire process and proposes directions for designing an informative art visualization in browser-art to prompt user reflection. Informative art in the web browser proved to be able to support different levels of reflection and reveal valuable insights.Internet har blivit ett viktigt verktyg för dagens samhälle. Med dess tillväxt genom åren är det viktigt att fråga sig om webbläsarens inflytande på individer och hur den ändrar takt och beteende hos människors angelägenheter. Denna studie beskriver design och utveckling av l3-37, en anpassad webbläsare vars syfte är att snabbt användaren vrider på webbläsarens dolda mjukvaruprocesser och samlar värdefull insikt. För att stödja detta inkluderar l3-37 två informativa konstvisualiseringar som är utformade för att uppmuntra oss att utforska HTML-kakorna och DOM-trädet. Prototyperna med tvåhög trohet utvecklades baserat på ResearchThrough Design och autobiografiska designmetoder. Dessutom genomfördes en Think Aloud-undersökning för att ta itu med råd och begränsningar för detta arbete för att undersöka hur deltagarna reflekterade över de dolda uppgifterna och insikten om vad som erhållits. Studien diskuterar insikt och lärdomar från hela processen och föreslår vägbeskrivningar för att utforma en informativ konstvisualisering i webbläsarkonst för att förbättra reflektion av användare. Informativ konst i webbläsaren har visat sig kunna stödja olika reflektionsnivåer och avslöja värdefull insikt.
36
Wang, Yen-Tsai, and n/a. "Information Technology Investment Decisions and Evaluation in Large Australian Companies: Theory and Practice Compared." Griffith University. Griffith Business School, 2007. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20070716.175827.
Abstract:
Today's business environment is characterised by organisational dependence on information and communication technology. At the same time, this reliance on information technology and systems (IT/IS, hereafter IT) has given rise to concerns about how to evaluate IT investment initiatives. Issues such as the popular 'productivity paradox' and the broader 'value for IT money' (e.g., Brynjolfsson and Hitt 1998; Davern and Kauffman 2000) debate have further fuelled the extensive research in the area of IT investment and assessment. However, a review of current literature reveals a number of differences between IT investment assessment literature and traditional capital budgeting literature, particularly in the way that the entire decision making process is rarely discussed in IT investment decision making research. Instead, much attention has been focused on project justification or evaluation alone. Thus, it was argued for this research that an emphasis on the entire decision making process - from IT planning and analysis to post-implementation evaluation - is important, as potential organisational and other contextual variables that may not be apparent at the evaluation stage, can be better identified and appreciated. Another theme that this research seeks to investigate is the applicability and practicability of current IT decision making theories and evaluation methods discussed in the literature. Considering the breadth and depth of existing research in this area, IT investment decision making is, however, still seen as problematic today (e.g., Mahmood and Mann 2000). In particular, the literature reports a polarisation of empirical evidence towards the use of either over-optimistic or over-pessimistic forecasts of IT performance and return on investment (e.g., Irani et al. 1997). Thus, the usefulness of these theoretical models and techniques cannot be seen as clearly established. As a result, no single theory or technique can be said to be unequivocally successful in helping firms to evaluate IT investment opportunities and to identify where IT value lies. This discrepancy between the desired and the actual outcomes of IT investment decision making highlights a possible gap between what is offered in theory by researchers and what is used by practitioners. Gaining an understanding of the underlying issues associated with this gap is important, as its existence raises questions about the veracity of recent theoretical developments in IT investment decision making methodology. Hence, the research problem investigated in this research is: What is the level of applicability and practicability of the current theories and techniques relevant to IT investment decision making and evaluation, as observed in large Australian companies? To address the research question, this research was conducted by two studies. The first study adopted a survey methodology to establish the specific decision making content and process involved in IT investment. The collected data from this part of the research were used for both descriptive and inferential statistics analysis purposes. The second study consisted of three convergent interviews, which examined the significant institutional contexts that might influence the decision outcome, further adding meaning to the findings of the first study. The key findings of the research are that the planning, evaluation, and post-implementation evaluation activities for IT investments have not been performed widely and consistently. Although sophisticated evaluation methods have been developed over the years, they do not appear to have provided a satisfactory answer to improve IT decision making practice. It appears that the underlying problem with IT investment decision making cannot be explained by the inadequacy of the adopted evaluation techniques alone, and answers must also lie elsewhere. Two potential problem areas were found to be organisations' unenthusiastic attitude towards IT, and a general lack of applicability and practicability of current decision making and evaluation theories. The unenthusiastic attitude towards IT is explained by several factors as identified in this research. Particularly, they were related to: (1) difficulty with forecasting future business needs, (2) lack of time for sufficient IT planning, (3) performance of past IT investments leading to IT conservatism, (4) IT being generally seen as operating costs, (5) budgetary constraint, (6) competitors' imitation leading to undifferentiated or similar technology/process, (7) technologies fast becoming obsolete, and (8) organisation complexity, power structure, and existing policy and procedures all making change difficult. It was suggested that without fundamentally changing the way technology is perceived and treated by the business community, the value of IT will continue to be questioned and IT investment decision making will continue to be difficult. The lack of applicability and practicability of contemporary decision making and evaluation theories was also found to be significant, with very few organisations considering them to be useful. Four key factors impeding adequate system planning and evaluation were also uncovered: (1) business necessity remains a main IT driver, (2) IT is accepted as a cost of being in business, (3) users' IT needs must be met responsively, and (4) IT is inherently difficult to evaluate with any accuracy. As a result, organisations were often found to adopt the following evaluation strategies: (1) situational, rather than systematic evaluation, (2) a cost-management approach to evaluation, often resulting in the use of an excessive discount rate or cost of capital, (3) waiting for the technology in question to mature before investing. The contribution of this research is that it has both theoretical and practical significance. The theoretical significance of this research arises from insights into the existing body of theory and further, from theorising about the decision making practices as adopted by large Australian companies. At the same time, this research also serves as a practical reference for the development of decision making practice and policy. Only with a clear understanding of the important aspects involved in IT investment decision making, can organisations define and approach their investment tasks more successfully.
37
Kent, Michael. "The invisible empire : border protection on the electronic frontier /." Access via Murdoch University Digital Theses Project, 2005. http://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/adt/browse/view/adt-MU20051222.112058.
38
Kortzon, Daniel. "What are the Problems with Implementing Blockchain Technology for Decentralized IoT Authentication : A Systematic Literature Review." Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för informationsteknologi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-18750.
Abstract:
The implementation of internet of things is plagued by problems such as security and scalability. It is a very heterogeneous environment and overcoming these hurdles is therefore not an easy feat. A concept of using the decentralized and secure nature of the blockchain technology to combat these problems have been identified. However the stark contrast of blockchain technology being resource hungry and internet of things devices being resource depraved is among other things a new hurdle that is introduced. This systematic literature study aimed to identify problems that a rose when trying to merge these technologies while focusing on the authentication aspect.Smart contracts play a huge role in making most of the identified solutions at least feasible to implement on a larger scale. While most systems have solved the authentication problem the major problems of the blockchain adaptation for internet of things remains unsolved. Three solutions were identified that really try to combat these problems by changing the blockchain technology at its core while the rest feel like they are trying to do the best with what is available and falls short in some major way.
39
Honiball, Marike. "Three-dimensional scanning as a means of archiving sculptures." Thesis, [Bloemfontein?] : Central University of Technology, Free State, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11462/149.
Abstract:
Thesis (M. Tech. Design technology) -- Central University of Technology, Free State, 2011This dissertation outlines a procedural scanning process using the portable ZCorporation ZScanner® 700 and provides an overview of the developments surrounding 3D scanning technologies; specifically their application for archiving Cultural Heritage sites and projects. The procedural scanning process is structured around the identification of 3D data recording variables applicable to the digital archiving of an art museum’s collection of sculptures. The outlining of a procedural 3D scanning environment supports the developing technology of 3D digital archiving in view of artefact preservation and interactive digital accessibility. Presented in this paper are several case studies that record 3D scanning variables such as texture, scale, surface detail, light and data conversion applicable to varied sculptural surfaces and form. Emphasis is placed on the procedural documentation and the anomalies associated with the physical object, equipment used, and the scanning environment. In support of the above, the Cultural Heritage projects that are analyzed prove that 3D portable scanning could provide digital longevity and access to previously inaccessible arenas for a diverse range of digital data archiving infrastructures. The development of 3D data acquisition via scanning, CAD modelling and 2D to 3D data file conversion technologies as well as the aesthetic effect and standards of digital archiving in terms of the artwork – viewer relationship and international practices or criterions of 3D digitizing are analysed. These projects indicate the significant use of optical 3D scanning techniques and their employ on renowned historical artefacts thus emphasizing their importance, safety and effectiveness. The aim with this research is to establish that the innovation and future implications of 3D scanning could be instrumental to future technological advancement in an interdisciplinary capacity to further data capture and processing in various Cultural Heritage diagnostic applications.
40
Freire, Emerson 1972. "Da sensação ausente à sensação como potência = tema e variações sobre a relação arte-tecnologia." [s.n.], 2012. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/279957.
Abstract:
Orientadores: Laymert Garcia dos Santos, Danièle CohnApresenta-se duas versões da tese: uma versão completa redigida em português e uma versão resumida em francês, conforme exigido pela convenção estabelecida entre as duas Instituições.
Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas
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Resumo: Um dos pressupostos básicos da presente tese é considerar que há realmente potencialidades a serem exploradas na relação arte-tecnologia. Todavia, apresentar tal relação em forma de dicotomia, maiormente nas expressões contemporâneas baseadas em informação digital, parece pouco promissor, embora seja prática comum. Valorar uma obra artística pelo maior ou menor uso de dispositivos técnicos em sua composição, por qual software ou hardware foram utilizados, só empobrece a discussão. Outro pressuposto fundamental é de que a sensação como campo problemático é central para que um encontro positivo entre arte-tecnologia ocorra. No entanto, costuma-se considerar que a tradução dos sentidos em dispositivos digitais, criando ambientes interativos ou imersivos centrados apenas na qualidade representativa dos aparatos, são suficientes para abarcar a complexidade da sensação. Uma consequência é a diminuição do conceito de informação das tecnologias atuais à mera troca de sinais, conforme preconizava já em seu início a cibernética. Assim, desenvolve-se apenas a parte empírica da sensação, deixando outra parte importante de fora, qual seja, aquela que o filósofo francês Gilles Deleuze chamou de sentiendum, ou aquilo que permite criar novos afectos e perceptos, devires outros. É na articulação entre sensação e informação que acredita-se residir o potencial para práticas que pretendem responder à altura aos desafios colocados pelo desenvolvimento da tecnociência contemporânea; práticas que não só incluem como extrapolam o mundo da arte
Abstract: One of the basic assumptions of this thesis is to consider that actually there are potentialities to be explored in the relation between art and technology. However, presenting this relationship in the form of dichotomy mainly in contemporary expressions based on digital information, seems unpromising, although it is common practice. Valuing an artistic work at greater or lesser use of technical devices in its composition, by which software or hardware were used, only impoverishes the discussion. Another key assumption is that the sensation as a problematic field is central to promote a positive encounter between art-technology to be possible to occur. However, it is usual to considering that the translation of our senses in digital devices, creating immersive or interactive environments centered only on the representative quality of the devices are sufficient to encompass the complexity of the sensation. One consequence is the reduction of the concept of information of current technologies to mere exchange of signals, as it has already been advocated early by cybernetics theory. Thus, it is only developed the empirical part of the sensation, leaving out other important part, which is the one that the French philosopher Gilles Deleuze called sentiendum, that is, what allows us to create new affections and perceptions, other becomings. It is the link between sensation and information that it is believed to be the potential for practices wishing to adjust to the challenges placed by the development of contemporary technoscience; practices that not only include but go beyond the world of the art
Doutorado
Sociologia
Doutor em Sociologia
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Laws, Mark R., and n/a. "Maori language integration in the age of information technology: a computational approach." University of Otago. Department of Information Science, 2001. http://adt.otago.ac.nz./public/adt-NZDU20070517.123300.
Abstract:
A multidisciplinary approach that involves language universals, linguistic discourse analysis and computer information technology are combined to support the descriptive nature of this research dissertation. Utilising comparative methods to determine rudimentary language structures which reflect both the scientific and historic parameters that are embedded in all languages. From a hypothesis to the proof of concept, a multitude of computer applications have been used to test these language models, templates and frameworks. To encapsulate this entire approach, it is best described as "designing then building the theoretical, experimental, and practical projects that form the structural network of the Maori language system". The focus on methods for integrating the language is to investigate shared characteristics between Maori and New Zealand English. This has provided a complete methodology for a bilingual based system. A system with text and speech for language generation and classification. This approach has looked at existing computational linguistic and information processing techniques for the analysis of each language�s phenomena; where data from basic units to higher-order linguistic knowledge has been analysed in terms of their characteristics for similar and/or dissimilar features. The notion that some language units can have similar acoustic sounds, structures or even meanings in other languages is plausible. How these are identified was the key concept to building an integrated language system. This research has permitted further examination into developing a new series of phonological and lexical self organising maps of Maori. Using phoneme and word maps spatially organised around lower to higher order concepts such as �sounds like�. To facilitate the high demands placed on very large data stores, the further development of the speech database management system containing phonological, phonetic, lexical, semantic, and other language frameworks was also developed. This database has helped to examine how effectively Maori has been fully integrated into an existing English framework. The bilingual system will allow full interaction with a computer-based speech architecture. This will contribute to the existing knowledge being constructed by the many different disciplines associated with languages; naturally or artificially derived. Evolving connectionist systems are new tools that are trained in an unsupervised manner to be both adaptable and flexible. This hybrid approach is an improvement on past methods in the development of more effective and efficient ways for solving applied problems for speech data analysis, classification, rule extraction, information retrieval and knowledge acquisition. A preliminary study will apply bilingual data to an �evolving clustering method� algorithm that returns a structure containing acoustic clusters plotted using visualisation techniques. In the true practical sense, the complete bilingual system has had a bi-directional approach. Both languages have undergone similar data analysis, language modelling, data access, text and speech processing, and human-computer network interface interaction.
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Gobbin, Renzo, and n/a. "The role of cultural fitness in user resistance to information technology tools." University of Canberra. Information Sciences, 1999. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20050622.164552.
Abstract:
Human interactions with Information Technology tools are reproducing organisational
cultural patterns in a process similar to the evolution of human tools and language. A multidisciplinary
research in tool-mediated activity, culture, language and cognition will examine
new concepts that can be important for the design of organisationally fit Information
Technology interface tools. By using qualitative and quantitative analysis together with the
fields of anthropology, philosophy, cognitive sciences and human computer interaction this
thesis shows that cultural fitness is an important variable that can determine in a substantial
degree the rejection or adoption of a tool in organisational environment. Qualitative and
quantitative data collected from organisational simulations at the Faculty of Information
Sciences and Engineering of the University of Canberra during the period 1995-1997 has
been used and analysed.
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Morgan, Deanne. "Challenges Encountered During Law Enforcement Investigations of Terrorist Use of Information Technology." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2005. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc4729/.
Abstract:
The late 20th and early 21st centuries have seen a phenomenal growth in society's use of information technology. Criminals, including terrorists and terrorist organizations, have also adopted information technologies. Information technologies are used to enhance the efficiency, productivity, and effectiveness of terrorist activities and offenses. Investigating terrorist use of information technologies creates a number of challenges for law enforcement officials. While some of the challenges are encountered during conventional criminal investigations, terrorist investigations also present unique challenges. Through content and typological analysis, this study examined open source information to identify, categorize and propose a model of these challenges. Four primary categories were identified: technology, methodology, legal, and administration and human resources challenges.
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Maxon, Ryan A. "Software assurance best practices for Air Force weapon and information technology systems are we bleeding /." Wright-Patterson AFB : Air Force Institute of Technology, 2008. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA480286.
Abstract:
Thesis (M.S. in Information Resource Management) --Air Force Institute of Technology, 2008.Title from title page of PDF document (viewed on Aug 8, 2008). "AFIT/GIR/ENV/08-M13" Includes bibliographical references.
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Chetzron, Jackie B. "Student Information Gathering: Examining What Happens when School Librarians Attempt to Convey Online Information Search Strategies to Meet Information Needs." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2019. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1505227/.
Abstract:
There is a growing expectation that school librarians function within their job descriptions beyond the role of reading promoter and resource manager. With college and career readiness standards, technology use and digital learning standards and information literacy standards now in place for student learning expectations, it is vital that students have opportunities to acquire, develop and practice such skills for future success in the global market economy. For students to receive such opportunities, there should be designed instruction delivered to students that allows for them to learn and practice information gathering techniques to access, use and apply information effectively, efficiently and ethically while developing technology skills within context of their content learning and real-world connections authentically. This study examined how school librarians conveyed information gathering techniques to students through a qualitative, constant comparative approach. Five middle school librarians in an urban school district participated in an observation and interview. Findings suggest that school librarians do claim an instructional role regarding information gathering and technology usage, although it manifests in diverse ways. Implications for future studies and practice suggest that the position become more defined such that the expectation to function in these roles is widely accepted by all stakeholders, and for the effectiveness of the instruction on the development of these skills. As school librarians embrace and adopt new and emerging technologies within their instructional delivery, examining the effectiveness of that instruction would be of interest.
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Ulian, Deborah A. 1959. "Communication and information technology in construction management : are corporate owners of real estate focusing on technology to speed the delivery of buildings?" Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/70309.
Abstract:
Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 1998.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 53-54).
An exploratory study was conducted to determine the importance of communication and information technology in speeding the construction of buildings. Five corporate owners of real estate were interviewed with the purpose of determining their needs and priorities as related to managing their construction projects, and whether communication and information technology had a role in addressing these needs. The hypothesis tested was that communication and information technology could be used to construct buildings faster. Research results showed that, among the five companies studied, there was not proof to support a definitive conclusion. Among the five companies, speed in construction was a common goal. However, four of the five companies were concentrating their efforts on people issues such as accountability rather than on information technology issues. Organizational issues such as ownership of processes seemed more important than speedy exchange of information. Research explored issues of accountability that arose in each of the case studies, and explored the emphasis of one of the five companies on technology to speed the delivery of buildings. Analysis of the cases showed a common priority of accountability, in varied states, among the companies. Included in the analysis is an examination of a relevant paper by John D. Macomber entitled, Beyond Fast-Track: Next Steps in Speed. It was presented at Harvard University on June 25, 1998 as part of the IDRC Executive Symposium: Infrastructure Challenges for Fast- Growth Companies. The premise of the paper is that corporate owners of real estate should be looking to information technology as a tool for dealing successfully with compressed project schedules. In particular, the paper speculates that use of Web based project communication systems would improve accountability among project team members. By providing greater information access, organization and accountability the delivery of buildings would be accelerated. The relevance of Macomber's premise to the five companies studied is discussed, and an analysis and comparison of the major ideas identified in the paper with the issues that arose in the case studies is presented.
by Deborah A. Ulian.
S.M.
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Hesser, Robert Woodrow Rieken Danny Michael. "FORCEnet engagement packs : "operationalizing" FORCEnet to deliver tomorrow's Naval network-centric combat reach capabilities ... today /." Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2003. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion-image/03Dec%5FHesser.pdf.
Abstract:
Thesis (M.S. in Information Technology Management)--Naval Postgraduate School, December 2003.Thesis advisor(s): Alex Bordetsky, Rex Buddenberg. Includes bibliographical references (p. 401-408). Also available online.
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Schaaf, Andrea J. "Tilt Brush: The Utilization of a Virtual Reality Intervention for Evaluating Self-Reported Anxiety, Depression, & Stress." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1563525498257936.
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Parnell, Paul P. "Information technology law : "micro-agreements" in systems integration and outsourcing projects : recognising and managing the legal implications of day to day interactions between parties to large and complex information technology projects /." View thesis, 2000. http://library.uws.edu.au/adt-NUWS/public/adt-NUWS20030814.145614/index.html.
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Ritter, Rhonda LeDoux. "The Relationship of Career and Technical Education Information Technology Teachers' Technology Self-Proficiency to Levels of Technology Integration, Prior Work Experience, Years of Teaching Experience, and Stage of Adoption of Technology." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2016. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc849653/.
Abstract:
The focus of this study is to determine the relationship between a Career and Technical Education (CTE) Information Technology (IT) teacher's self-assessed level of technology proficiency to the level of technology integration into the classroom, the prior work experience in the information technology field, the years of teaching experience, and the stage of adoption of technology. Participants were CTE IT teachers who were members of an IT teacher listserv that was established by the UNT Grant for Educational Excellence from the Texas Education Agency/CTE and teaching in Grades 9-12 in the state of Texas during the 2015-2016 school year. The study utilized a quantitative survey methodology to gain a perspective on the correlation of the variables. Three validated self-report instruments were administered via an online survey. The three instruments utilized were the Technology Proficiency Self-Assessment for 21st Century Learning, Concerns-Based Adoption Model-Levels of Use (CBAM-LoU), and the Stages of Adoption of Technology.