Relevant bibliographies by topics / Information response theory

Academic literature on the topic 'Information response theory'

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Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Information response theory"

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Duering, E., D. Otero, A. Plastino, and A. Proto. "Information theory and the linear-response approach." Physical Review A 32, no. 6 (December 1, 1985): 3681–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physreva.32.3681.

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Reise, Steven P., Andrew T. Ainsworth, and Mark G. Haviland. "Item Response Theory." Current Directions in Psychological Science 14, no. 2 (April 2005): 95–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0963-7214.2005.00342.x.

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Item response theory (IRT) is an increasingly popular approach to the development, evaluation, and administration of psychological measures. We introduce, first, three IRT fundamentals: (a) item response functions, (b) information functions, and (c) invariance. We next illustrate how IRT modeling can improve the quality of psychological measurement. Available evidence suggests that the differences between IRT and traditional psychometric methods are not trivial; IRT applications can improve the precision and validity of psychological research across a wide range of subjects.
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Smith, Ken G., and Curtis M. Grimm. "A Communication-Information Model of Competitive Response Timing." Journal of Management 17, no. 1 (March 1991): 5–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/014920639101700102.

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Although issues of timing in interfirm rivalry are critical to strategic managers, rarely have they received scholarly attention. A model of competitive response timing is here proposed that contains three basic elements: competitive actions, responses, and response timing. The article discusses howfirms enhance performance by undertaking actions and responses; the speed with which one firm responds to another s action is explained by communication-information theory. Specifically, the speed with which afirm responds to a competitor's action is posited to be afunction of (a) characteristics of the actot; (b) characteristics of the action, (c) how the action is communicated, (d) the competitive environment, and (e) the characteristics of the potential respondingfirm. Hypotheses regarding the determinants of competitive response timing are developedfrom communication-information theory.
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Harvey, Robert J., and Allen L. Hammer. "Item Response Theory." Counseling Psychologist 27, no. 3 (May 1999): 353–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0011000099273004.

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Item response theory (IRT) seeks to model the way in which latent psychological constructs manifest themselves in terms of observable item responses; this information is useful when developing, evaluating, and scoring tests. After providing an overview of the most popular IRT models (i.e., those applicable to dichotomously keyed items) and contrasting them with the techniques used in classical test theory (CTT), the authors illustrate the application of IRT using data from the recently revised Myers-Briggs Type Indicator. These results highlight a number of IRT’s advantages, including (a) detailed descriptions of the performance of individual items, (b) indices of item- and scale-level precision that are free to vary across the full range of possible scores, (c) assessments of item- and test-level bias with respect to demographic subgroups, (d) measures of response-profile quality, and (e) computer-adaptive testing, which can dramatically reduce testing time.
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Ranger, Jochen, Jörg-Tobias Kuhn, and Carsten Szardenings. "Limited information estimation of the diffusion-based item response theory model for responses and response times." British Journal of Mathematical and Statistical Psychology 69, no. 2 (February 8, 2016): 122–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/bmsp.12064.

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Slater, Michael D., Helen Chipman, Garry Auld, Thomas Keefe, and Patricia Kendall. "Information Processing and Situational Theory: A Cognitive Response Analysis." Journal of Public Relations Research 4, no. 4 (October 1992): 189–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/s1532754xjprr0404_1.

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Gorter, R., J.-P. Fox, I. Eekhout, MW Heymans, and JWR Twisk. "Missing item responses in latent growth analysis: Item response theory versus classical test theory." Statistical Methods in Medical Research 29, no. 4 (April 2020): 996–1014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0962280219897706.

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In medical research, repeated questionnaire data is often used to measure and model latent variables across time. Through a novel imputation method, a direct comparison is made between latent growth analysis under classical test theory and item response theory, while also including effects of missing item responses. For classical test theory and item response theory, by means of a simulation study the effects of item missingness on latent growth parameter estimates are examined given longitudinal item response data. Several missing data mechanisms and conditions are evaluated in the simulation study. The additional effects of missingness on differences in classical test theory- and item response theory-based latent growth analysis are directly assessed by rescaling the multiple imputations. The multiple imputation method is used to generate latent variable and item scores from the posterior predictive distributions to account for missing item responses in observed multilevel binary response data. It is shown that a multivariate probit model, as a novel imputation model, improves the latent growth analysis, when dealing with missing at random (MAR) in classical test theory. The study also shows that the parameter estimates for the latent growth model using item response theory show less bias and have smaller MSE’s compared to the estimates using classical test theory.
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Weissman, Alexander. "Optimizing information using the EM algorithm in item response theory." Annals of Operations Research 206, no. 1 (September 27, 2012): 627–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10479-012-1204-4.

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Harnesk, Dan, and Heidi Hartikainen. "Multi-Layers of Information Security in Emergency Response." International Journal of Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management 3, no. 2 (April 2011): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jiscrm.2011040101.

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This paper draws on the socio-technical research tradition in information systems to re-conceptualize the information security in emergency response. A conceptual basis encompassing the three layers—technical, cognitive, and organizational—is developed by synthesizing Actor Network Theory and Theory of Organizational Routines. This paper makes the assumption that the emergency response context is built on the relationship between association and connectivity, which continuously shapes the emergency action network and its routines. Empirically, the analysis is based on a single case study conducted across three emergency departments. The data thus collected on information security, emergency department routines, and emergency actions is used to theorize specifically on the association/connectivity relationship. The resultant findings point to the fact that information security layers have a meaning in emergency response that is different from mainstream definitions of information security.
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Lopes-dos-Santos, Vítor, Stefano Panzeri, Christoph Kayser, Mathew E. Diamond, and Rodrigo Quian Quiroga. "Extracting information in spike time patterns with wavelets and information theory." Journal of Neurophysiology 113, no. 3 (February 1, 2015): 1015–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00380.2014.

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We present a new method to assess the information carried by temporal patterns in spike trains. The method first performs a wavelet decomposition of the spike trains, then uses Shannon information to select a subset of coefficients carrying information, and finally assesses timing information in terms of decoding performance: the ability to identify the presented stimuli from spike train patterns. We show that the method allows: 1) a robust assessment of the information carried by spike time patterns even when this is distributed across multiple time scales and time points; 2) an effective denoising of the raster plots that improves the estimate of stimulus tuning of spike trains; and 3) an assessment of the information carried by temporally coordinated spikes across neurons. Using simulated data, we demonstrate that the Wavelet-Information (WI) method performs better and is more robust to spike time-jitter, background noise, and sample size than well-established approaches, such as principal component analysis, direct estimates of information from digitized spike trains, or a metric-based method. Furthermore, when applied to real spike trains from monkey auditory cortex and from rat barrel cortex, the WI method allows extracting larger amounts of spike timing information. Importantly, the fact that the WI method incorporates multiple time scales makes it robust to the choice of partly arbitrary parameters such as temporal resolution, response window length, number of response features considered, and the number of available trials. These results highlight the potential of the proposed method for accurate and objective assessments of how spike timing encodes information.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Information response theory"

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McEwen, Peter A. "Trellis coding for partial response channels /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 1999. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p9968170.

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Li, Caihong Rosina. "ASSESSING THE MODEL FIT OF MULTIDIMENSIONAL ITEM RESPONSE THEORY MODELS WITH POLYTOMOUS RESPONSES USING LIMITED-INFORMATION STATISTICS." UKnowledge, 2019. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/edsc_etds/45.

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Under item response theory, three types of limited information goodness-of-fit test statistics – M2, Mord, and C2 – have been proposed to assess model-data fit when data are sparse. However, the evaluation of the performance of these GOF statistics under multidimensional item response theory (MIRT) models with polytomous data is limited. The current study showed that M2 and C2 were well-calibrated under true model conditions and were powerful under misspecified model conditions. Mord were not well-calibrated when the number of response categories was more than three. RMSEA2 and RMSEAC2 are good tools to evaluate approximate fit. The second study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Religious Commitment Inventory-10 (RCI-10; Worthington et al., 2003) within the IRT framework and estimate C2 and its RMSEA to assess global model-fit. Results showed that the RCI-10 was best represented by a bifactor model. The scores from the RCI-10 could be scored as unidimensional notwithstanding the presence of multidimensionality. Two-factor correlational solution should not be used. Study two also showed that religious commitment is a risk factor of intimate partner violence, whereas spirituality was a protecting factor from the violence. More alcohol was related with more abusive behaviors. Implications of the two studies were discussed.
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Jonas, Katherine Grace. "Potential test information for multidimensional tests." Diss., University of Iowa, 2017. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/5787.

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Test selection in psychological assessment is guided, both explicitly and implicitly, by how informative tests are with regard to a trait of interest. Most existing formulations of test information are sensitive to subpopulation variation, with the result that test information will vary from sample to sample. Recently, measures of test information have been developed that quantify the potential informativeness of the test. These indices are defined by the properties of the test, as distinct from the properties of the sample or examinee. As of yet, however, measures of potential information have been developed only for unidimensional tests. In practice, psychological tests are often multidimensional. Furthermore, multidimensional tests are often used to estimate one specific trait among many. This study develops measures of potential test information for multidimensional tests, as well as measures of marginal potential test information---test information with regard to one trait within a multidimensional test. In Study 1, the performance of the metrics was tested in data simulated from unidimensional, first-order multidimensional, second-order, and bifactor models. In Study 2, measures of marginal and multidimensional potential test information are applied to a set of neuropsychological data collected as part of Rush University's Memory and Aging Project. In simulated data, marginal and multidimensional potential test information were sensitive to the changing dimensionality of the test. In observed neuropsychological data, five traits were identified. Verbal abilities were most closely correlated with probable dementia. Both indices of marginal potential test information identify the Mini Mental Status Exam as the best measure of that trait. More broadly, greater marginal potential test information calculated with regard to verbal abilities was associated with greater criterion validity. These measures allow for the direct comparison of two multidimensional tests that assess the same trait, facilitating test selection and improving the precision and validity of psychological assessment.
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Swain, P. "A computer based method for analysing the phase response of a digital magnetic recording system." Thesis, Cranfield University, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.234497.

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Rusch, Thomas, Paul Benjamin Lowry, Patrick Mair, and Horst Treiblmaier. "Breaking Free from the Limitations of Classical Test Theory: Developing and Measuring Information Systems Scales Using Item Response Theory." Elsevier, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.im.2016.06.005.

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Information systems (IS) research frequently uses survey data to measure the interplay between technological systems and human beings. Researchers have developed sophisticated procedures to build and validate multi-item scales that measure latent constructs. The vast majority of IS studies uses classical test theory (CTT), but this approach suffers from three major theoretical shortcomings: (1) it assumes a linear relationship between the latent variable and observed scores, which rarely represents the empirical reality of behavioral constructs; (2) the true score can either not be estimated directly or only by making assumptions that are difficult to be met; and (3) parameters such as reliability, discrimination, location, or factor loadings depend on the sample being used. To address these issues, we present item response theory (IRT) as a collection of viable alternatives for measuring continuous latent variables by means of categorical indicators (i.e., measurement variables). IRT offers several advantages: (1) it assumes nonlinear relationships; (2) it allows more appropriate estimation of the true score; (3) it can estimate item parameters independently of the sample being used; (4) it allows the researcher to select items that are in accordance with a desired model; and (5) it applies and generalizes concepts such as reliability and internal consistency, and thus allows researchers to derive more information about the measurement process. We use a CTT approach as well as Rasch models (a special class of IRT models) to demonstrate how a scale for measuring hedonic aspects of websites is developed under both approaches. The results illustrate how IRT can be successfully applied in IS research and provide better scale results than CTT. We conclude by explaining the most appropriate circumstances for applying IRT, as well as the limitations of IRT.
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De, Aguinaga José Guillermo. "Uncertainty Assessment of Hydrogeological Models Based on Information Theory." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2011. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-71814.

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There is a great deal of uncertainty in hydrogeological modeling. Overparametrized models increase uncertainty since the information of the observations is distributed through all of the parameters. The present study proposes a new option to reduce this uncertainty. A way to achieve this goal is to select a model which provides good performance with as few calibrated parameters as possible (parsimonious model) and to calibrate it using many sources of information. Akaike’s Information Criterion (AIC), proposed by Hirotugu Akaike in 1973, is a statistic-probabilistic criterion based on the Information Theory, which allows us to select a parsimonious model. AIC formulates the problem of parsimonious model selection as an optimization problem across a set of proposed conceptual models. The AIC assessment is relatively new in groundwater modeling and it presents a challenge to apply it with different sources of observations. In this dissertation, important findings in the application of AIC in hydrogeological modeling using different sources of observations are discussed. AIC is tested on ground-water models using three sets of synthetic data: hydraulic pressure, horizontal hydraulic conductivity, and tracer concentration. In the present study, the impact of the following factors is analyzed: number of observations, types of observations and order of calibrated parameters. These analyses reveal not only that the number of observations determine how complex a model can be but also that its diversity allows for further complexity in the parsimonious model. However, a truly parsimonious model was only achieved when the order of calibrated parameters was properly considered. This means that parameters which provide bigger improvements in model fit should be considered first. The approach to obtain a parsimonious model applying AIC with different types of information was successfully applied to an unbiased lysimeter model using two different types of real data: evapotranspiration and seepage water. With this additional independent model assessment it was possible to underpin the general validity of this AIC approach
Hydrogeologische Modellierung ist von erheblicher Unsicherheit geprägt. Überparametrisierte Modelle erhöhen die Unsicherheit, da gemessene Informationen auf alle Parameter verteilt sind. Die vorliegende Arbeit schlägt einen neuen Ansatz vor, um diese Unsicherheit zu reduzieren. Eine Möglichkeit, um dieses Ziel zu erreichen, besteht darin, ein Modell auszuwählen, das ein gutes Ergebnis mit möglichst wenigen Parametern liefert („parsimonious model“), und es zu kalibrieren, indem viele Informationsquellen genutzt werden. Das 1973 von Hirotugu Akaike vorgeschlagene Informationskriterium, bekannt als Akaike-Informationskriterium (engl. Akaike’s Information Criterion; AIC), ist ein statistisches Wahrscheinlichkeitskriterium basierend auf der Informationstheorie, welches die Auswahl eines Modells mit möglichst wenigen Parametern erlaubt. AIC formuliert das Problem der Entscheidung für ein gering parametrisiertes Modell als ein modellübergreifendes Optimierungsproblem. Die Anwendung von AIC in der Grundwassermodellierung ist relativ neu und stellt eine Herausforderung in der Anwendung verschiedener Messquellen dar. In der vorliegenden Dissertation werden maßgebliche Forschungsergebnisse in der Anwendung des AIC in hydrogeologischer Modellierung unter Anwendung unterschiedlicher Messquellen diskutiert. AIC wird an Grundwassermodellen getestet, bei denen drei synthetische Datensätze angewendet werden: Wasserstand, horizontale hydraulische Leitfähigkeit und Tracer-Konzentration. Die vorliegende Arbeit analysiert den Einfluss folgender Faktoren: Anzahl der Messungen, Arten der Messungen und Reihenfolge der kalibrierten Parameter. Diese Analysen machen nicht nur deutlich, dass die Anzahl der gemessenen Parameter die Komplexität eines Modells bestimmt, sondern auch, dass seine Diversität weitere Komplexität für gering parametrisierte Modelle erlaubt. Allerdings konnte ein solches Modell nur erreicht werden, wenn eine bestimmte Reihenfolge der kalibrierten Parameter berücksichtigt wurde. Folglich sollten zuerst jene Parameter in Betracht gezogen werden, die deutliche Verbesserungen in der Modellanpassung liefern. Der Ansatz, ein gering parametrisiertes Modell durch die Anwendung des AIC mit unterschiedlichen Informationsarten zu erhalten, wurde erfolgreich auf einen Lysimeterstandort übertragen. Dabei wurden zwei unterschiedliche reale Messwertarten genutzt: Evapotranspiration und Sickerwasser. Mit Hilfe dieser weiteren, unabhängigen Modellbewertung konnte die Gültigkeit dieses AIC-Ansatzes gezeigt werden
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Mair, Patrick, and Horst Treiblmaier. "Partial Credit Models for Scale Construction in Hedonic Information Systems." Department of Statistics and Mathematics, WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, 2008. http://epub.wu.ac.at/1614/1/document.pdf.

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Information Systems (IS) research frequently uses survey data to measure the interplay between technological systems and human beings. Researchers have developed sophisticated procedures to build and validate multi-item scales that measure real world phenomena (latent constructs). Most studies use the so-called classical test theory (CTT), which suffers from several shortcomings. We first compare CTT to Item Response Theory (IRT) and subsequently apply a Rasch model approach to measure hedonic aspects of websites. The results not only show which attributes are best suited for scaling hedonic information systems, but also introduce IRT as a viable substitute that overcomes severall shortcomings of CTT. (author´s abstract)
Series: Research Report Series / Department of Statistics and Mathematics
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Morrison, Jeffrey Glenn. "The effects of diplay and response codes on information processing in an identification task." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/30531.

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Parker, Heidi M. "The effect of negative sponsor information and team response on identification levels and consumer attitudes." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1180025349.

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Wang, Wenjia. "Item Response Theory in the Neurodegenerative Disease Data Analysis." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BORD0624/document.

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Les maladies neurodégénératives, telles que la maladie d'Alzheimer (AD) et Charcot Marie Tooth (CMT), sont des maladies complexes. Leurs mécanismes pathologiques ne sont toujours pas bien compris et les progrès dans la recherche et le développement de nouvelles thérapies potentielles modifiant la maladie sont lents. Les données catégorielles, comme les échelles de notation et les données sur les études d'association génomique (GWAS), sont largement utilisées dans les maladies neurodégénératives dans le diagnostic, la prédiction et le suivi de la progression. Il est important de comprendre et d'interpréter ces données correctement si nous voulons améliorer la recherche sur les maladies neurodégénératives. Le but de cette thèse est d'utiliser la théorie psychométrique moderne: théorie de la réponse d’item pour analyser ces données catégoriques afin de mieux comprendre les maladies neurodégénératives et de faciliter la recherche de médicaments correspondante. Tout d'abord, nous avons appliqué l'analyse de Rasch afin d'évaluer la validité du score de neuropathie Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMTNS), un critère important d'évaluation principal pour les essais cliniques de la maladie de CMT. Nous avons ensuite adapté le modèle Rasch à l'analyse des associations génétiques pour identifier les gènes associés à la maladie d'Alzheimer. Cette méthode résume les génotypes catégoriques de plusieurs marqueurs génétiques tels que les polymorphisme nucléotidique (SNPs) en un seul score génétique. Enfin, nous avons calculé l'information mutuelle basée sur la théorie de réponse d’item pour sélectionner les items sensibles dans ADAS-cog, une mesure de fonctionnement cognitif la plus utilisées dans les études de la maladie d'Alzheimer, afin de mieux évaluer le progrès de la maladie
Neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Charcot Marie Tooth (CMT), are complex diseases. Their pathological mechanisms are still not well understood, and the progress in the research and development of new potential disease-modifying therapies is slow. Categorical data like rating scales and Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) data are widely utilized in the neurodegenerative diseases in the diagnosis, prediction and progression monitor. It is important to understand and interpret these data correctly if we want to improve the disease research. The purpose of this thesis is to use the modern psychometric Item Response Theory to analyze these categorical data for better understanding the neurodegenerative diseases and facilitating the corresponding drug research. First, we applied the Rasch analysis in order to assess the validity of the Charcot-Marie-Tooth Neuropathy Score (CMTNS), a main endpoint for the CMT disease clinical trials. We then adapted the Rasch model to the analysis of genetic associations and used to identify genes associated with Alzheimer’s disease by summarizing the categorical genotypes of several genetic markers such as Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) into one genetic score. Finally, to select sensitive items in the most used psychometrical tests for Alzheimer’s disease, we calculated the mutual information based on the item response model to evaluate the sensitivity of each item on the ADAS-cog scale
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Books on the topic "Information response theory"

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Dow, James. Trading, communication and the response of price to new information. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 1991.

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Pearson, P. David. Improving the information value of performance items in large scale assessments. [Palo Alto, CA: American Institutes for Research in the Behavioral Sciences, 1997.

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Winograd, Terry. Three responses to situation theory. Stanford, CA: CSLI/Stanford, 1987.

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Plaskova, Nataliya. Methodology. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1842566.

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The monograph reveals a system of methodological approaches of a theoretical, methodological and practical nature to improve the processes of creating and functioning of a system of accounting and analytical information that comprehensively reflects the vital activity of an organization in the modern conditions of the development of the digital economy of Russia. The article presents a set of organizational and methodological tasks and options for their solutions regarding the formation of a high-quality information base for providing a controlling system and making internal management decisions by the management and managers of companies, as well as to meet the information requests of external stakeholders. The introduction of the proposed author's methods and methods into the accounting and analytical practice of organizations allows optimizing management costs associated with accounting and management accounting, analysis, planning, contributes to the qualitative functioning of internal information flows of the company, reliable disclosure of the financial situation and effectiveness of its activities, the organization of a quality controlling system and timely adequate response of management to negative impacts of external and internal factors, increasing business efficiency, strengthening its competitiveness. It is intended for researchers, university teachers, postgraduates, bachelors and masters studying in the fields of Economics, Management, Finance and Credit, as well as practitioners in the field of accounting, analysis, audit, internal control and management of financial and economic activities of organizations.
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Asset Price Response To New Information The Effects Of Conservatism Bias And Representativeness Heuristic. Springer-Verlag New York Inc., 2013.

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Zverovich, Vadim. Modern Applications of Graph Theory. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198856740.001.0001.

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This book discusses many modern, cutting-edge applications of graph theory, such as traffic networks and Braess’ paradox, navigable networks and optimal routing for emergency response, backbone/dominating sets in wireless sensor networks, placement of electric vehicle charging stations, pedestrian safety and graph-theoretic methods in molecular epidemiology. Because of the rapid growth of research in this field, the focus of the book is on the up-to-date development of the aforementioned applications. The book will be ideal for researchers, engineers, transport planners and emergency response specialists who are interested in the recent development of graph theory applications. Moreover, this book can be used as teaching material for postgraduate students because, in addition to up-to-date descriptions of the applications, it includes exercises and their solutions. Some of the exercises mimic practical, real-life situations. Advanced students in graph theory, computer science or molecular epidemiology may use the problems and research methods presented in this book to develop their final-year projects, master’s theses or doctoral dissertations; however, to use the information effectively, special knowledge of graph theory would be required.
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Estes, William K. Handbook of Learning and Cognitive Processes: Conditioning and Behavior Theory. Taylor & Francis Group, 2016.

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Handbook of Learning and Cognitive Processes: Conditioning and Behavior Theory. Taylor & Francis Group, 2014.

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Handbook of Learning and Cognitive Processes: Linguistic Functions in Cognitive Theory. Taylor & Francis Group, 2014.

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Estes, William K. Handbook of Learning and Cognitive Processes: Linguistic Functions in Cognitive Theory. Taylor & Francis Group, 2016.

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Book chapters on the topic "Information response theory"

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Hambleton, Ronald K., and Hariharan Swaminathan. "The Information Function and its Applications." In Item Response Theory, 101–24. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-1988-9_6.

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Cohen, Allan S., and Sun-Joo Cho. "Information Criteria." In Handbook of Item Response Theory, 363–78. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, 2015- | Series: Chapman & Hall/CRC Statistics in the Social and Behavioral Sciences.: Chapman and Hall/CRC, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b19166-18.

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Chang, Hua-Hua, Chun Wang, and Zhiliang Ying. "Information Theory and Its Application to Testing." In Handbook of Item Response Theory, 105–24. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, 2015- | Series: Chapman & Hall/CRC Statistics in the Social and Behavioral Sciences.: Chapman and Hall/CRC, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b19166-7.

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Hutchinson, T. P. "Mismatch Models for Test Formats that Permit Partial Information to be Shown." In Handbook of Modern Item Response Theory, 481–94. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-2691-6_28.

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Sadler, Bivin Philip, and S. Lynne Stokes. "Item Response Theory and Fisher Information for Small Tests." In Recent Advances on Sampling Methods and Educational Statistics, 233–50. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-14525-4_12.

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Yang, Kyon-Mo, and Sung-Bae Cho. "An Agent Response System Based on Mirror Neuron and Theory of Mind." In Neural Information Processing, 42–49. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-12637-1_6.

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Sato, Yasuomi D., Keiji Okumura, and Masatoshi Shiino. "Model Studies on Time-Scaled Phase Response Curves and Synchronization Transition." In Neural Information Processing. Theory and Algorithms, 91–98. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-17537-4_12.

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Araki, Osamu. "A Stimulus-Response Neural Network Model Prepared by Top-Down Signals." In Neural Information Processing. Theory and Algorithms, 231–38. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-17537-4_29.

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Way, Steven, and Yufei Yuan. "A Framework for Collaborative Disaster Response: A Grounded Theory Approach." In Lecture Notes in Business Information Processing, 33–46. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-63546-0_3.

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Dias, Jade, Caio Maia Rodrigues, and Abner Cardoso Rodrigues. "Use and Interpretation of Item Response Theory Applied to Machine Learning." In Communications in Computer and Information Science, 15–24. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-08443-0_2.

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Conference papers on the topic "Information response theory"

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Arnold, Florian, Wolter Pieters, and Marielle Stoelinga. "Quantitative penetration testing with item response theory." In 2013 9th International Conference on Information Assurance and Security (IAS). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isias.2013.6947732.

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Zheng, Simeng, Yi Liu, and Paul H. Siegel. "RNN-based Detection for Coded Partial-Response Channels." In 2020 IEEE Information Theory Workshop (ITW). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/itw46852.2021.9457670.

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Sevinc, Ceren, and Ertem Tuncel. "Information Theoretic Approach on Randomized Response Models in Surveys." In 2021 IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory (ISIT). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isit45174.2021.9517772.

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T, Merembayev, Amirgaliyeva S, and Kozhaly K. "Using item response theory in machine learning algorithms for student response data." In 2021 IEEE International Conference on Smart Information Systems and Technologies (SIST). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/sist50301.2021.9465896.

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Rusek, F., and J. B. Anderson. "Near BER optimal partial response codes." In Proceedings. International Symposium on Information Theory, 2005. ISIT 2005. IEEE, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isit.2005.1523393.

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Ping Liu, Haifeng Yu, and Qing Miao. "Automated planning for incident response based on CBR." In 2010 IEEE International Conference on Information Theory and Information Security (ICITIS). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icitis.2010.5689586.

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Song, Kyoung-Young, Jae-Dong Yang, Xianglan Jin, Jong-Seon No, and Habong Chung. "Quadrature partial response signaling based on Alamouti Code." In 2009 IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory - ISIT. IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isit.2009.5205629.

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Georgiadis, L., and L. Tassiulas. "Most balanced overload response in sensor networks." In Proceedings. International Symposium on Information Theory, 2005. ISIT 2005. IEEE, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isit.2005.1523396.

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Kurkoski, B. M., P. H. Siegel, and J. K. Wolf. "Precoders for message-passing detection of partial-response channels." In IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory, 2003. Proceedings. IEEE, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isit.2003.1228060.

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Ma, X., A. Kavcic, and M. Mitzenmacher. "The power spectra of good codes for partial response channels." In IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory, 2003. Proceedings. IEEE, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isit.2003.1228059.

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Reports on the topic "Information response theory"

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Smoke, Paul, David Gómez-Álvarez, Andrés Muñoz Miranda, and Axel Radics. The Role of Subnational Governments in the Covid-19 Pandemic Response: Are There Opportunities for Intergovernmental Fiscal Reform in the Post-Pandemic World? Inter-American Development Bank, July 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0004391.

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In early 2020, once the severity was recognized on a global scale, the COVID-19 pandemic quickly became the most immediately pressing crisis. In addition to the general demands the pandemic created for strong and competent national and international response, it also raised numerous issues and generated tensions around the sharing of responsibilities and resources among levels of governments in many countries around the world. A number of comparable health and economic issues have emerged fairly universally, but they have manifested in different ways and the responses and results have been diverse across and within countries. This monograph summarizes available information about how the pandemic has affected fiscal decentralization around the world, focusing on five Latin American countries: Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Mexico, and Peru. It briefly characterizes the intergovernmental fiscal systems in these countries, provides an overview of the known impacts of the pandemic and summarizes available information on government responses to the pandemic, both national and those undertaken by subnational governments with national support or more independently. The conclusions draw lessons from regional and global experiences about if and how post-pandemic policies might be developed to improve the intergovernmental fiscal system in particular countries.
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Hakmeh, Joyce, Emily Taylor, Allison Peters, and Sophia Ignatidou. The COVID-19 pandemic and trends in technology. Royal Institute of International Affairs, February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.55317/9781784134365.

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Focusing on the dynamics between governments and big tech, on cybercrime, and on disinformation and fake news, this paper examines some of the risks that have been highlighted and aggravated as societies have transitioned at speed to a more virtual way of living. The COVID-19 pandemic has been called the ‘great accelerator’ of digital transformation, with technology at the forefront of countries’ response to the crisis. The experience of the past year has underscored that tech governance must be based on human-centric values that protect the rights of individuals but also work towards a public good. In the case of the development of track-and-trace apps, for instance, a successful solution should simultaneously be both respectful of individual privacy and robust from a cybersecurity perspective, while also effectively serving essential epidemiological goals. Ensuring a sound approach to tech policy has been made all the more complex by the context of the pandemic, as decision-makers have found themselves having to respond swiftly and decisively in a public health emergency. While there is considerable uncertainty as to the long-term consequences of their responses, the paper’s authors emphasize that a whole-of-society approach is needed that will restore and build greater public trust in the ability of governments and public-serving bodies to protect them, respect their rights and ensure the information they receive is solid and reliable.
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Brandt, Leslie, Lydia Scott, Abigail Lewis, Lindsay Darling, and Robert Fahey. Lessons Learned from the Urban Forestry Climate Change Response Framework Project. United States Forest Service, February 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2016.6964833.ch.

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Many urban foresters have recognized the need to incorporate climate change considerations into urban forest management, but often lack the specialized training or knowledge to explicitly address this in their planning and practices. This document describes a framework we developed and piloted in the Chicago region to assess the vulnerability of urban forests and incorporate that information into on-the-ground actions. We describe the three steps used to implement this project and the lessons learned from this process.
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Baca, Aurelia, Joel Larsen, Emrys Treasure, Michael Gavazzi, and Nathan Walker. Drought Impacts in the Southern Region: A synopsis of presentations and ideas from the Drought Adaptation Workshop in Region 8, January 2017, Atlanta, GA. United States. Department of Agriculture, February 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2018.7280913.ch.

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The USDA Forest Service hosted a two-day drought adaptation workshop in Atlanta, Georgia in January 2017 to share state-of-science information on drought and climate effects in the region and to develop management response strategies. The workshop was attended by regional experts from the Forest Service Southern Region, Southern Research Station, and Office of Sustainability and Climate; the USDA Southeast Regional Climate Hub; and state and federal climate offices. They met to address challenges, cultivate opportunities, and develop and expand the collective understanding of the most effective management strategies to adapt to and mitigate the effects of drought in the region. The workshop focused on the effects of, and management responses to drought in forest, riparian, and aquatic ecosystems. This fact sheet is a synopsis of the workshop.
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Hanna, Rema, Bridget Hoffmann, Paulina Oliva, and Jake Schneider. Research Insights: What will People Pay for SMS Air Quality Alerts and Will They Avoid Air Pollution in Response? Inter-American Development Bank, October 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003731.

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Male, younger, and higher-income respondents as well as those who perceived high pollution in recent days showed greater willingness to pay for SMS air quality alerts. Willingness to pay was uncorrelated with actual recent high pollution. Recipients of SMS alerts indicated having received air pollution information via SMS, along with reporting a high-pollution day in the past week and having stayed indoors on the most recent day they perceived pollution to be high. However, alert recipients were not more accurate in identifying which specific days had high pollution than other respondents. Households that received a free N95 mask were more likely to report utilizing a mask with a filter during the past two weeks but not more likely to report using a mask with a filter on the specific days with high particulate matter.
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Amrebayev, Aidar. State Management in Central Asia during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Edited by Nargiza Muratalieva. The Representative Office of the Institute for War and Peace Reporting in Central Asia, April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46950/202101.

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The publication analyzes the state management of the Central Asian countries in the fight against the coronavirus crisis, identifies the information background of their support, and provides recommendations for developing regional responses to such crises.
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Roelen, Keetie, and Becky Carter. Social Assistance in Response to Covid-19: Reaching the Furthest Behind First? Institute of Development Studies (IDS), March 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/ids.2022.007.

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Social assistance has proven a vital component of the response to the unprecedented global crisis of Covid-19. Almost all countries across the world implemented some form of social assistance to provide a buffer against the pandemic’s socioeconomic consequences. Vulnerable populations received more extensive support, and groups previously excluded were covered by new or expanded measures. Yet limited information is available about the extent to which social assistance in response to Covid-19 was inclusive of those most marginalised, and whether interventions reached ‘the furthest behind first’. This paper assesses coverage of various vulnerable groups and identifies factors contributing to their in- or exclusion. We find that the rapid and extensive rollout of measures offered support to many vulnerable and marginalised individuals, including those who were not covered prior to the pandemic. Experiences do differ considerably across countries, contexts, and populations with some groups having received heightened attention while others being excluded or finding it difficult to access assistance that they are eligible for. Overall, the degree of inclusiveness of social assistance implemented in the wake of Covid-19 was highly dependent on how inclusive measures were prior to the pandemic. Factors playing into in- or exclusion include availability of data of those most vulnerable; use of digital tools for identification, assessment and payment; identification requirements; employment of social registries; adequacy of vulnerability and targeting criteria; and existence of effective grievance and safeguarding procedures. These findings provide important lessons for how to promote the inclusivity of future social assistance interventions and wider social protection systems.
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Ferryman, Kadija. Framing Inequity in Health Technology: The Digital Divide, Data Bias, and Racialization. Just Tech, Social Science Research Council, February 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.35650/jt.3018.d.2022.

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" Since 2010, there has been an exponential growth in health data and health information technologies, such as electronic health records (EHRs), and AI-enabled medical tools. Despite the growth and investment in these technologies, they have had few positive effects on health outcomes, especially for marginalized populations. This review begins by addressing common rhetorical and ethical responses to inequities in health technologies, such as the digital divide and data bias frames. It then problematizes both approaches before proposing that examining racialization, or the creation and circulation of racial hierarchies, can contribute to a more comprehensive framework for facilitating health equity in health information technology."
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Idris, Iffat. Documentation of Survivors of Gender-based Violence (GBV). Institute of Development Studies (IDS), July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.103.

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This review is largely based on grey literature, in particular policy documents and reports by international development organizations. While there was substantial literature on approaches and principles to GBV documentation, there was less on remote service delivery such as helplines – much of this only in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic. In addition, very little was found on actual examples of GBV documentation in developing contexts. By definition, gender featured strongly in the available literature; the particular needs of persons with disabilities were also addressed in discussions of overall GBV responses, but far less in GBV documentation. GBV documentation refers to the recording of data on individual GBV incidents in order to provide/refer survivors with/to appropriate support, and the collection of data of GBV incidents for analysis and to improve GBV responses. The literature notes that there are significant risks associated with GBV documentation, in relation to data protection. Failure to ensure information security can expose survivors, in particular, to harm, e.g. reprisal attacks by perpetrators, stigma, and ostracism by their families/ communities. This means that GBV documentation must be carried out with great care. A number of principles should always be applied when documenting GBV cases in order to protect survivors and prevent potential negative effects: do no harm, survivor-centered approach, survivor autonomy, informed consent, non-discrimination, confidentiality, and data protection (information security).
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Perera, Duminda, Ousmane Seidou, Jetal Agnihotri, Mohamed Rasmy, Vladimir Smakhtin, Paulin Coulibaly, and Hamid Mehmood. Flood Early Warning Systems: A Review Of Benefits, Challenges And Prospects. United Nations University Institute for Water, Environment and Health, August 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.53328/mjfq3791.

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Floods are major water-related disasters that affect millions of people resulting in thousands of mortalities and billiondollar losses globally every year. Flood Early Warning Systems (FEWS) - one of the floods risk management measures - are currently operational in many countries. The UN Office for Disaster Risk Reduction recognises their importance and strongly advocates for an increase in their availability under the targets of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction, and Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). However, despite widespread recognition of the importance of FEWS for disaster risk reduction (DRR), there’s a lack of information on their availability and status around the world, their benefits and costs, challenges and trends associated with their development. This report contributes to bridging these gaps by analyzing the responses to a comprehensive online survey with over 80 questions on various components of FEWS (risk knowledge, monitoring and forecasting, warning dissemination and communication, and response capabilities), investments into FEWS, their operational effectiveness, benefits, and challenges. FEWS were classified as technologically “basic”, “intermediate” and “advanced” depending on the existence and sophistication of FEWS` components such as hydrological data = collection systems, data transfer systems, flood forecasting methods, and early warning communication methods. The survey questionnaire was distributed to flood forecasting and warning centers around the globe; the primary focus was developing and least-developed countries (LDCs). The questionnaire is available here: https://inweh.unu.edu/questionnaireevaluation-of-flood-early-warning-systems/ and can be useful in its own right for similar studies at national or regional scales, in its current form or with case-specific modifications. Survey responses were received from 47 developing (including LDCs) and six developed countries. Additional information for some countries was extracted from available literature. Analysis of these data suggests the existence of an equal number of “intermediate” and “advanced” FEWS in surveyed river basins. While developing countries overall appear to progress well in FEWS implementation, LDCs are still lagging behind since most of them have “basic” FEWS. The difference between types of operational systems in developing and developed countries appear to be insignificant; presence of basic, intermediate or advanced FEWS depends on available investments for system developments and continuous financing for their operations, and there is evidence of more financial support — on the order of USD 100 million — to FEWS in developing countries thanks to international aid. However, training the staff and maintaining the FEWS for long-term operations are challenging. About 75% of responses indicate that river basins have inadequate hydrological network coverage and back-up equipment. Almost half of the responders indicated that their models are not advanced and accurate enough to produce reliable forecasts. Lack of technical expertise and limited skilled manpower to perform forecasts was cited by 50% of respondents. The primary reason for establishing FEWS, based on the survey, is to avoid property damage; minimizing causalities and agricultural losses appear to be secondary reasons. The range of the community benefited by FEWS varies, but 55% of FEWS operate in the range between 100,000 to 1 million of population. The number of flood disasters and their causalities has declined since the year 2000, while 50% of currently operating FEWS were established over the same period. This decline may be attributed to the combined DRR efforts, of which FEWS are an integral part. In lower-middle-income and low-income countries, economic losses due to flood disasters may be smaller in absolute terms, but they represent a higher percentage of such countries’ GDP. In high-income countries, higher flood-related losses accounted for a small percentage of their GDP. To improve global knowledge on FEWS status and implementation in the context of Sendai Framework and SDGs, the report’s recommendations include: i) coordinate global investments in FEWS development and standardise investment reporting; ii) establish an international hub to monitor the status of FEWS in collaboration with the national responsible agencies. This will support the sharing of FEWS-related information for accelerated global progress in DRR; iii) develop a comprehensive, index-based ranking system for FEWS according to their effectiveness in flood disaster mitigation. This will provide clear standards and a roadmap for improving FEWS’ effectiveness, and iv) improve coordination between institutions responsible for flood forecasting and those responsible for communicating warnings and community preparedness and awareness.
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