Journal articles on the topic 'Information resources management Australia'
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Tull, Laura. "Electronic Resources and Web Sites: Replacing a Back-end Database with Innovative's Electronic Resource Management." Information Technology and Libraries 24, no. 4 (December 1, 2005): 163. http://dx.doi.org/10.6017/ital.v24i4.3380.
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<span>In the fall of 2002, Ohio State University along with the University of Washington, the University of Western Australia, Washington State University, and Glasgow University entered into a development partnership with Innovative Interfaces. The goal was to develop a module to manage electronic resources, integrated into Innovative’s Millennium library system. The product, Electronic Resource Management (ERM), became available in 2004 and is based on the work of the Digital Library Federation Electronic Resources Management Initiative. This article focuses on one aspect of ERM, the integration of the module with the Web OPAC, and describes how the Ohio State University Libraries replaced a back-end database with ERM to support lists of electronic resources on their Web site.</span>
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Cox, James W., Michele Akeroyd, and Danielle P. Oliver. "Integrated water resource assessment for the Adelaide region, South Australia." Proceedings of the International Association of Hydrological Sciences 374 (October 17, 2016): 69–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/piahs-374-69-2016.
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Abstract. South Australia is the driest state in the driest inhabited country in the world, Australia. Consequently, water is one of South Australia's highest priorities. Focus on water research and sources of water in the state became more critical during the Millenium drought that occurred between 1997 and 2011. In response to increased concern about water sources the South Australian government established The Goyder Institute for Water Research – a partnership between the South Australian State Government, the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Flinders University, University of Adelaide and University of South Australia. The Goyder Institute undertakes cutting-edge science to inform the development of innovative integrated water management strategies to ensure South Australia's ongoing water security and enhance the South Australian Government's capacity to develop and deliver science-based policy solutions in water management. This paper focuses on the integrated water resource assessment of the northern Adelaide region, including the key research investments in water and climate, and how this information is being utilised by decision makers in the region.
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Trujillo-González, Alejandro, and Thane A. Militz. "Taxonomically constrained reporting framework limits biodiversity data for aquarium fish imports to Australia." Wildlife Research 46, no. 4 (2019): 355. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr18135.
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Context Biological resource use represents the most common direct threat to biodiversity. Despite this, there is a paucity of comprehensive and overarching data relating to the biological resource use. The global aquarium trade encompasses millions of individual live fishes representing thousands of marine and freshwater species traded on an annual basis. The lack of specific data systems for recording information where fish are exported or imported has resulted in limited accessible trade data. An evaluation of the data-reporting frameworks presently employed by countries engaged in the aquarium trade is warranted to better understand the means by which comprehensive data on the aquarium trade can be made more accessible. Aims This study examines the data-reporting framework of The Australian Government Department of Agriculture and Water Resources (DAWR) used to collate aquarium fish import data, and its capacity to inform on the aquarium trade biodiversity imported to Australia. Methods Aquarium import records from 2010–16 were provided by DAWR and used to determine the quantity of individual fishes and consignments imported to Australia. The potential biodiversity of imports was determined from the Australian Government’s List of Permitted Live Freshwater/Marine Fish Suitable for Import 2018 (Number 69, F2017C00079), the legislative document identifying species permitted import to Australia for the aquarium trade. Species permitted import were cross-referenced with the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List to address whether the Australian aquarium trade is importing threatened species. Key results A total of 10320 consignments encompassing more than 78.6 million aquarium fishes were imported to Australia between 2010 and 2016. A total of 4628 species of fishes were permitted import to Australia for the aquarium trade with 73 of the marine species (2.0%) and 81 of the freshwater species (7.5%) found to be threatened with some degree of extinction risk. The data-reporting framework for aquarium fish imports offered limited capacity to taxonomically differentiate imports and only 12.5% of all aquarium fishes imported could be identified to species. Conclusions The aquarium fish import records provided by DAWR had limited taxonomic resolution and, consequently, limited capacity to contribute to an improved understanding of the biodiversity imported to Australia for the aquarium fish trade. While more detailed information is available than is presently collated by DAWR, the availability of this information is constrained by the laws around protected information and the resources available to DAWR. Implications Accessible, detailed information on aquarium fish imports is necessary to support comprehensive research capable of addressing threats to biodiversity loss from the aquarium trade. To this end, the means by which Australian aquarium import data can be reported at greater taxonomic resolution under the existing legislative and resource restraints should be explored further.
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Thackway, Richard, Alex Lee, Randall Donohue, Rodney J. Keenan, and Mellissa Wood. "Vegetation information for improved natural resource management in Australia." Landscape and Urban Planning 79, no. 2 (February 2007): 127–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2006.02.003.
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Ovenden, J. R., J. A. T. Morgan, T. Kashiwagi, D. Broderick, and J. Salini. "Towards better management of Australia's shark fishery: genetic analyses reveal unexpected ratios of cryptic blacktip species Carcharhinus tilstoni and C. limbatus." Marine and Freshwater Research 61, no. 2 (2010): 253. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf09151.
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The common blacktip shark (Carcharhinus limbatus) and the Australian blacktip shark (C. tilstoni) are morphologically similar species that co-occur in subtropical and tropical Australia. In striking contrast to what has been previously reported, we demonstrate that the common blacktip shark is not rare in northern Australia but occurs in approximately equal frequencies with the Australian blacktip shark. Management of shark resources in northern Australia needs to take account of this new information. Species identification was performed using nucleotide sequences of the control, NADH dehydrogenase subunit 4 (ND4) and cytochrome oxidase I (COI) regions in the mitochondrial genome. The proportion of overall genetic variation (FST) between the two species was small (0.042, P < 0.01) based on allele frequencies at five microsatellite loci. We confirm that a third blacktip species (C. amblyrhynchoides, graceful shark) is closely related to C. tilstoni and C. limbatus and can be distinguished from them on the basis of mtDNA sequences from two gene regions. The Australian blacktip shark (C. tilstoni) was not encountered among 20 samples from central Indonesia that were later confirmed to be common blacktip and graceful sharks. Fisheries regulators urgently need new information on life history, population structure and morphological characters for species identification of blacktip shark species in Australia.
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Vermeulen, Leo. "Line managements involvement in people management: A comparison between South Africa and Australia." South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences 6, no. 3 (September 30, 2003): 529–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajems.v6i3.3304.
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The purpose of this study was to obtain empirical data on expected shifts of people management activities from human resources managers to line managers. The research was done by means of a cross-cultural survey in South Africa (n=381) and Australia (n=653). The research results clearly indicate that there was a perceived shift of traditional people management functions to line management in both countries. This shift was more prominent in South Africa than in Australia. The main shift in South Africa seemed to be that line managers are increasingly involved in training and development. Equal employment opportunity was seen as the second most important area of change, followed by the use of human resources information systems, industrial relations, and occupational health and safety. Recruitment and selection were seen as the least important areas of change.
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Milon, J., and Sergio Alvarez. "Coastal Resources Economics and Ecosystem Valuation." Water 11, no. 11 (October 23, 2019): 2206. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11112206.
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The papers in this special issue provide new insights into ongoing research to value coastal and marine ecosystem services, and offer meaningful information for policymakers and resource managers about the economic significance of coastal resources for planning, restoration, and damage assessment. Study areas encompass a broad geographic scope from the Gulf of Mexico in the United States, to the Caribbean, the European Union, Australia, and Southeast Asia. The focus of these papers ranges from theoretical perspectives on linkages between ecosystem services and resource management, to the actual integration of valuation information in coastal and marine resource policy decisions, and to the application of economic valuation methods to specific coastal and marine resource management problems. We hope readers will appreciate these new contributions to the growing literature on coastal and marine resource ecosystem services valuation.
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Gash, Sarah. "Educating the business information professional." Business Information Review 12, no. 2 (October 1995): 42–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026638219501200204.
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Sarah Gash is Senior Lecturer at the University of Central England in Birmingham. Previous positions include: Course Resources Officer, Brighton Polytechnic and Faculty Liaison Officer, W Australia Institute of Technology. Author of Effective Literature Searching for Students, Gower 1989 and Business Information & How to Find It, Routledge, 1995.
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Stein, J. L., M. F. Hutchinson, and J. A. Stein. "A new stream and nested catchment framework for Australia." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions 10, no. 12 (December 17, 2013): 15433–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hessd-10-15433-2013.
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Abstract. Nationally framed assessment and planning assists coordination of resource management activities across jurisdictional boundaries and provides context for assessing the cumulative effects of impacts that can be underestimated by local or regional studies. However, there were significant shortcomings in the existing spatial frameworks supporting national assessment and planning for Australia's rivers and streams. We describe the development of a new national stream and nested catchment framework for Australia that includes a fully connected and directed stream network and a nested catchment hierarchy derived using a modified Pfafstetter scheme. The directed stream network with associated catchment boundaries and Pfafstetter coding respect all distributary junctions and topographically driven surface flow pathways including across the areas of low relief and internal drainage that make up over half of the Australian continent. The Pfafstetter coding facilitates multi-scale analyses and easy tracing and query of upstream/downstream attributes and tributary/main stem relationships. Accompanying the spatial layers are 13 lookup tables containing nearly 400 attributes describing the natural and anthropogenic environment of each of the 1.4M stream segments across the Australian continent at multiple spatial scales (segment, sub-catchment and catchment). The database supplies key spatial layers to support national water information and accounting needs and assists a wide range of research, planning and assessment tasks at regional and continental scales. These include the delineation of reporting units for the Australian Water Resources Assessment, the development of an ecohydrological environment classification for Australian streams and the identification of high conservation value aquatic ecosystems for northern Australia.
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VANCLAY, FRANK, RUTH LANE, JOANNA WILLS, IAN COATES, and DAMIAN LUCAS. ""COMMITTING TO PLACE" AND EVALUATING THE HIGHER PURPOSE: INCREASING ENGAGEMENT IN NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT THROUGH MUSEUM OUTREACH AND EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES." Journal of Environmental Assessment Policy and Management 06, no. 04 (December 2004): 539–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1464333204001791.
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The Australian "Committing to Place" Research Project investigates the potential of outreach activities and educational programmes to increase community commitment to natural resource management. New communication technologies offer tools for enhancing participation — in terms of a deeper commitment from communities and participation of a wider range of groups — through their interactive qualities and capacity to link people in different places. The research project evaluates the piloting, by the National Museum of Australia, of several innovative outreach activities which use information and communication technologies specifically for community capacity building and developing platforms for change. With an understanding of evaluation as research to inform decision-making at all phases of project design, the Research Team is evaluating: (1) the effectiveness of each outreach activity in meeting stakeholder objectives, including community participants; (2) the potential each activity has to increase participation in the activity and other activities associated with cultural heritage or natural resources; and (3) progress towards "the higher purpose", that is, the potential for such activities to affect natural resource management outcomes in the long run. The research project is an Australian Research Council Linkage Grant involving the University of Tasmania, the National Museum of Australia, and the Murray–Darling Basin Commission.
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Stein, J. L., M. F. Hutchinson, and J. A. Stein. "A new stream and nested catchment framework for Australia." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 18, no. 5 (May 22, 2014): 1917–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-18-1917-2014.
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Abstract. Nationally framed assessment and planning assists coordination of resource management activities across jurisdictional boundaries and provides context for assessing the cumulative effects of impacts that can be underestimated by local or regional studies. However, there have been significant shortcomings in the existing spatial frameworks supporting national assessment and planning for Australia's rivers and streams. We describe the development of a new national stream and nested catchment framework for Australia that includes a fully connected and directed stream network and a nested catchment hierarchy derived using a modified Pfafstetter scheme. The directed stream network with associated catchment boundaries and Pfafstetter coding respect all distributary junctions and topographically driven surface flow pathways, including those in the areas of low relief and internal drainage that make up over half of the Australian continent. The Pfafstetter coding facilitates multi-scale analyses and easy tracing and query of upstream/downstream attributes and tributary/main stem relationships. Accompanying the spatial layers are 13 lookup tables containing nearly 400 attributes describing the natural and anthropogenic environment of each of the 1.4 M stream segments at multiple spatial scales (segment, sub-catchment and catchment). The database supplies key spatial layers to support national water information and accounting needs and assists a wide range of research, planning and assessment tasks at regional and continental scales. These include the delineation of reporting units for the Australian Water Resources Assessment, the development of an ecohydrological environment classification for Australian streams and the identification of high conservation value aquatic ecosystems for northern Australia.
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Pittock, Jamie. "Are we there yet? The Murray-Darling Basin and sustainable water management." Thesis Eleven 150, no. 1 (February 2019): 119–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0725513618821970.
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In 2007, then Australian Prime Minister Howard said of the Murray-Darling Basin’s rivers that action was required to end the ‘The tyranny of incrementalism and the lowest common denominator’ governance to prevent ‘economic and environmental decline’. This paper explores the management of these rivers as an epicentre for three key debates for the future of Australia. Information on biodiversity, analyses of the socio-ecological system, and climate change projections are presented to illustrate the disjunction between trends in environmental health and the institutions established to manage the Basin sustainably. Three key debates are considered: (1) conflict over the allocation of water between irrigated agriculture versus a range of other ecosystem services as the latest manifestation of the debate between adherents of the pioneering myth versus advocates of limits to growth in Australia; (2) cyclical crises as a driver of reactive policy reform and the prospects of the 2008 Water Act forming the basis of proactive, adaptive management of emerging threats and opportunities; and (3) subsidiarity in governance of the environment and natural resources in the Australian federation. Implementation of the 2012 Basin Plan as promised by the Federal Government ‘in full and on time’ is a key sustainability test for Australia. Despite Australian claims of exceptionalism, the Murray-Darling Basin experience mirrors the challenges faced in managing rivers sustainably and across governance scales in federations around the world.
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Lesslie, Robert, Michele Barson, and Jodie Smith. "Land use information for integrated natural resources management—a coordinated national mapping program for Australia." Journal of Land Use Science 1, no. 1 (June 30, 2006): 45–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17474230600605244.
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Tham, Yeut Hong, Nigar Sultana, Harjinder Singh, and Ross Taplin. "Busy boards and earnings management – an Australian perspective." Asian Review of Accounting 27, no. 3 (October 18, 2019): 464–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ara-08-2018-0149.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to assess whether multiple directorships have an influence on earnings management for Australian publicly listed firms. This paper attempts to determine whether boards with multiple directorships are effective monitors and are able to constrain earnings management activities. Design/methodology/approach The study adopts resource dependency theory on the relationship between multiple directorships and the extent of earnings management. Data analysis is based on publicly listed firms on Australian Stock Exchange utilising SIRCA database with a final pooled sample of 1,815 firm-year observations from 2008 to 2012. Findings Using different measures of multiple directorships, it is found that firms having board of directors with multiple directorships exhibit lower levels of earnings management. The results validate the applicability of resource dependency theory on the relationship between multiple directorships and the extent of earnings management suggesting that directors with multiple board seats by sharing experiences, skills, information and other resources limit the extent of earnings management by firms. Evidence also suggests that earnings management behaviour is more pronounced in larger firms compared to smaller firms and as predicted, industry audit specialists restrain earnings management activities. Practical implications This study introduces methodological enhancements to the literature as it measures the multiple directorships in a number of different ways. Firms may be encouraged to actively seek board members with diverse backgrounds, international exposure/experience and pertinent skill-sets with multiple board memberships. These benefits will assist firms to determine the optimal board composition that will enable it to function effectively. Originality/value Empirical studies on the association between multiple directorships and earnings management in Australia are scarce and this paper provides an update of the effect of multiple directorships on earnings quality in Australia.
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Standen, Peter. "Home, Work and Management in the Information Age." Journal of Management & Organization 3, no. 1 (January 1997): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1833367200005964.
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AbstractAllowing employees to work at home for at least part of the week is a management concept said to be rapidly gaining popularity. There is evidence that employees working at home are more productive, satisfied and committed, and that homeworking allows organisations to reduce office overheads, recruit from a wider pool, and retain valued workers. This paper examines the spread of homeworking and its telecommunications-based variant teleworking in Australia. A survey of human resource managers in Western Australia shows that, while 28 percent of large organisations have homeworkers, they are generally few in number and permitted only on an informal basis. Factors inhibiting use of homeworking include a lack of awareness and support amongst senior and middle managers, concerns over issues such as security and occupational health, and unsupportive organisational cultures. It is concluded that, contrary to media reporting, home-working and teleworking are not likely to become widespread in Australia in the near future.
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Standen, Peter. "Home, Work and Management in the Information Age." Journal of the Australian and New Zealand Academy of Management 3, no. 1 (January 1997): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.5172/jmo.1997.3.1.1.
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AbstractAllowing employees to work at home for at least part of the week is a management concept said to be rapidly gaining popularity. There is evidence that employees working at home are more productive, satisfied and committed, and that homeworking allows organisations to reduce office overheads, recruit from a wider pool, and retain valued workers. This paper examines the spread of homeworking and its telecommunications-based variant teleworking in Australia. A survey of human resource managers in Western Australia shows that, while 28 percent of large organisations have homeworkers, they are generally few in number and permitted only on an informal basis. Factors inhibiting use of homeworking include a lack of awareness and support amongst senior and middle managers, concerns over issues such as security and occupational health, and unsupportive organisational cultures. It is concluded that, contrary to media reporting, home-working and teleworking are not likely to become widespread in Australia in the near future.
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Sangeeth L R, Silpa, Saji K. Mathew, and Vidyasagar Potdar. "Information Processing view of Electricity Demand Response Systems: A Comparative Study Between India and Australia." Pacific Asia Journal of the Association for Information Systems 12 (June 30, 2020): 27–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.17705/1thci.12402.
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Abstract Background: In recent years, demand response (DR) has gained increased attention from utilities, regulators, and market aggregators to meet the growing demands of electricity. The key aspect of a successful DR program is the effective processing of data and information to gain critical insights. This study aims to identify information processing needs and capacity that interact to improve energy DR effectiveness. To this end, organizational information processing theory (OIPT) is employed to understand the role of Information Systems (IS) resources in achieving desired DR program performance. This study also investigates how information processing for DR systems differ between developing (India) and developed (Australia) countries. Method: This work adopts a case study methodology to propose a theoretical framework using OIPT for information processing in DR systems. The study further employs a comparative case data analyses between Australian and Indian DR initiatives. Results: Our cross case analysis identifies variables of value creation in designing DR programs - pricing structure for demand side participation, renewable integration at supply side, reforms in the regulatory instruments, and emergent technology. This research posits that the degree of information processing capacity mediates the influence of information processing needs on energy DR effectiveness. Further, we develop five propositions on the interaction between task based information processing needs and capacity, and their influence on DR effectiveness. Conclusions: The study generates insights on the role of IS resources that can help stakeholders in the electricity value chain to take informed and intelligent decisions for improved performance of DR programs. Recommended Citation Sangeeth L R, Silpa; Mathew, Saji K.; and Potdar, Vidyasagar (2020) "Information Processing view of Electricity Demand Response Systems: A Comparative Study Between India and Australia," Pacific Asia Journal of the Association for Information Systems: Vol. 12: Iss. 4, Article 2. DOI: 10.17705/1pais.12402 Available at: https://aisel.aisnet.org/pajais/vol12/iss4/2
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Casey, B. H., and S. W. Creigh. "Part-time Job Creation: An Option for Australia?" Journal of Industrial Relations 28, no. 4 (December 1986): 534–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002218568602800404.
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Australia's two major public sector job creation schemes in the 1980s—the Wage Pause Program and the Community Employment Program—have been primarily intended to provide full-time employment. This emphasis parallels that found in most other OECD countries. However, recently Great Britain, Sweden and France have pioneered large-scale part-time job creation schemes. In this paper several possible benefits from an increased emphasis on part-time job creation in Australia are reviewed, especially with reference to the information obtained during the evaluation of the Wage Pause Program. These benefits include increasing the number of job slots provided for a given net cost, improving training provisions, and assisting community sponsors with limited administrative resources. The implications of part-time arrangements, such as those developed overseas, for job creation in Australia are explored.
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Villa Gomez, Denys, Enrique Sáez Salgado, Olivia Mejías, Aurora Margarita Pat-Espadas, Laura Alejandra Pinedo Torres, Laura Jackson, and Anita Parbhakar-Fox. "Data Integration of Critical Elements from Mine Waste in Mexico, Chile and Australia." Minerals 12, no. 2 (January 21, 2022): 122. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min12020122.
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Due to an extensive history of mining activities common to Mexico, Chile and Australia there is a vast mine waste legacy. Whilst these wastes present ongoing challenges regarding their management, they may represent a source of elements supporting the transition towards a low carbon future. Hence, our study aims to demonstrate the value of establishing a chemical database from publicly available tailings data collated from the three countries to assess their potential as a secondary resource of elements classified as critical or with high economic relevance. Overall, 2976 data samples were identified, analysed and georeferenced from 159, 642 and 7 Mexican, Chilean and Australian deposits, respectively. Data analysis shows that Mexico has significant potential for Bi, Sb, W, In, Zn and Mo with outstanding values in Sonora State, while Chile has significant potential for Bi, Sb, W and Mo, mostly from northern to central regions and Zn to the south. Whilst data from Australia are still being compiled, the potential for Co was recognised. The research exposes that available information is insufficient and highlights the need for an international report or assessment code for mine waste that encourages resource recovery from these resources and circular economy practices.
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Rotherham, Douglas, William G. Macbeth, Steven J. Kennelly, and Charles A. Gray. "Reducing uncertainty in the assessment and management of fish resources following an environmental impact." ICES Journal of Marine Science 68, no. 8 (June 8, 2011): 1726–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsr079.
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Abstract Rotherham, D., Macbeth, W. G., Kennelly, S. J., and Gray, C. A. 2011. Reducing uncertainty in the assessment and management of fish resources following an environmental impact. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 68: 1726–1733. The limitations of using information from commercial fisheries for assessing and managing resources and ecosystems are well known. Although fishery-independent data may overcome many such limitations, few studies have examined how incorporating data from different sources affects assessments and subsequent management decisions. Here, the value of integrating data from two types of sampling survey to assess the recovery of faunal populations following a severe fish-kill event in the Richmond River (New South Wales, Australia) in 2008 is evaluated. There is occasional large-scale mortality of fish and invertebrates in certain estuaries of eastern Australia following major flood events. In extreme cases, the management response involves closing an entire estuary to all fishing, to facilitate the recolonization and recovery of fish and other fauna. Decisions to resume normal fishing activities have environmental, economic, and social implications. Using lessons learned from a similar fish-kill event in 2001, it is shown how, in 2008, fishery-independent sampling, combined with improved sampling by commercial fishers, reduced uncertainty in decision-making and led to greatly improved socio-economic outcomes for stakeholders. The work highlights the need to examine the value of different sources of information to improve management decisions.
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Gibb, Michelle A., Helen E. Edwards, and Glenn E. Gardner. "Scoping study into wound management nurse practitioner models of practice." Australian Health Review 39, no. 2 (2015): 220. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah14040.
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Objectives The primary objective of this research was to investigate wound management nurse practitioner (WMNP) models of service for the purposes of identifying parameters of practice and how patient outcomes are measured. Methods A scoping study was conducted with all authorised WMNPs in Australia from October to December 2012 using survey methodology. A questionnaire was developed to obtain data on the role and practice parameters of authorised WMNPs in Australia. The tool comprised seven sections and included a total of 59 questions. The questionnaire was distributed to all members of the WMNP Online Peer Review Group, to which it was anticipated the majority of WMNPs belonged. Results Twenty-one WMNPs responded (response rate 87%), with the results based on a subset of respondents who stated that, at the time of the questionnaire, they were employed as a WMNP, therefore yielding a response rate of 71% (n = 15). Most respondents (93%; n = 14) were employed in the public sector, with an average of 64 occasions of service per month. The typical length of a new case consultation was 60 min, with 32 min for follow ups. The most frequently performed activity was wound photography (83%; n = 12), patient, family or carer education (75%; n = 12), Doppler ankle–brachial pressure index assessment (58%; n = 12), conservative sharp wound debridement (58%; n = 12) and counselling (50%; n = 12). The most routinely prescribed medications were local anaesthetics (25%; n = 12) and oral antibiotics (25%; n = 12). Data were routinely collected by 91% of respondents on service-related and wound-related parameters to monitor patient outcomes, to justify and improve health services provided. Conclusion This study yielded important baseline information on this professional group, including data on patient problems managed, the types of interventions implemented, the resources used to accomplish outcomes and how outcomes are measured. What is known about the topic? The nurse practitioner (NP) is an established and legitimised entity of health service in Australia, with NPs in a range of specialities. To date, there is a paucity of research on the role and practice parameters of WMNP in the Australian context. What does this paper add? This paper provides important baseline information on WMNP models of practice in the Australian context, including data on patient problems managed, the types of interventions implemented, the resources used to accomplish outcomes and how outcomes are currently measured. This information will help inform the development of WMNP roles and highlights potential areas of evaluation for WMNP models of care. What are the implications for practitioners? Measurement of outcomes is essential to demonstrate efficacy of NP service. Yet, there is no way currently to measure these outcomes for WMNP service. Nationally consistent data collection on processes of care and patient outcomes supports ongoing development of the WMNP role.
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Stuart, Katharine. "Methods, methodology and madness." Records Management Journal 27, no. 2 (July 17, 2017): 223–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/rmj-05-2017-0012.
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Purpose This paper aims to present findings from a recent study examining current records management as fit for digital government in Australia. Design/methodology/approach This paper draws on findings from the first phase of research for a postdoctoral degree. This research was collected through an online quantitative survey of government records management professionals in Australia. The survey’s purpose was to understand whether the profession has kept pace with advances in, and expectations of, digital government. Building on the findings of the survey, this paper explores the concepts of methodology and methods and applies them to current digital records management in the Australian Government. Methodology for Australian Government digital records management is contained in the 2015 Digital Continuity 2020 policy. However, measuring method proved more difficult. The researcher supplemented data published by the National Archives of Australia and the Department of Finance with data from her own research to measure the validity of methods by examining suitability of current requirements. Findings Australian Government records management professionals overwhelmingly feel requirements, organisational culture and behaviour form a barrier to implementing successful records management programs. This paper finds that the Australian Government is buying ten times more digital storage per year than the sum of all of the digital Australian Government records known. This suggests perhaps not all records are recognised. While there will always be more storage than records, the ratio should not be so inflated. Further problems are found with requirements for records management being seen as mostly paper-based and too resource intensive to be of use. This research, combined with a contemporary literature review, shows that there is an imbalance with the current methodology and methods and asks the question: Has a methodology (Digital Continuity 2020) been created without suitable and known methods being in place? Research limitations/implications The method for collecting survey data was based on self-reporting, which can lead to limitations in that the population sample may exaggerate their response or demonstrate bias. However, responses to the survey were common enough to eliminate bias. The study is based on the Australian Government; however, findings may translate to other governments. This paper presents findings from the first phase of research of a postdoctoral degree. Not all findings are presented, only those relevant to the topic. Originality/value As the Australian Government moves to become a true digital government, records management is still required to ensure accountability of government actions and decisions. However, while the government transitions to digital, and information stores continue to grow, the question of whether records management has kept up with the rapid pace of digital information flow and expansion does not need to be asked. Instead, the time has come to ask, “What can we do to keep up?”
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Walsh, Louisa, Sophie Hill, Meredith Allan, Susan Balandin, Andrew Georgiou, Isabel Higgins, Ben Kraal, Shaun McCarthy, and Bronwyn Hemsley. "A content analysis of the consumer-facing online information about My Health Record: Implications for increasing knowledge and awareness to facilitate uptake and use." Health Information Management Journal 47, no. 3 (June 7, 2017): 106–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1833358317712200.
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Background: Low health literacy, low levels of positive belief and privacy and security concerns have been identified as a significant barrier to personal electronic health record uptake and use. An important tool for overcoming these barriers is the consumer-facing information which accompanies the system. My Health Record (MyHR) is the Australian national e-health record system, for which a large suite of online resources exists to facilitate consumer registration and use. This study uses a number of different measures of health resource quality to assess the MyHR online consumer-facing information and identify any gaps or areas for improvement. Objective: To analyse the quality and content of the online consumer-facing resources which support the uptake and use of MyHR. Method: Australian information resources aimed at healthcare consumers about the MyHR were included in this study. A comprehensive search using Internet search engines was conducted to locate all online consumer-facing resources about MyHR from both government and non-government sources. Readability (measured by Flesch–Kincaid grade level), year of publication/review, publishing organisation type, presentation style, linked websites, target audience, and themes were identified as important measures of health information quality, and these were recorded and reported on for each resource. Results: Eighty resources met the inclusion criteria. The mean Flesch–Kincaid grade level was 11.8. Most resources were created by Australian government sources ( n = 55), and the most common target audience was the general public ( n = 65). Registration ( n = 51), privacy/security ( n = 49), and benefits of use ( n = 46) were the most common resource themes. Conclusion: The authors identified a number of gaps and areas for improvement in the provision of consumer-facing information about MyHR. Readability is too high for the general Australian population, and there are few translated resources, which means that the information provided does not cater to people with low literacy levels, communication disability, and/or difficulties in understanding written English. The target audiences for resources do not reflect priority groups that were identified during the MyHR development processes. There are also gaps in information provision about how consumers can use MyHR as a tool to meaningfully engage with health professionals and services to support their own person-centred care.
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Awuku-Gyampoh, Ransford Kwabena, and Justina Sarpong-Akoto. "Strategic Youth Management: Returning the Youth to Church in Australia." Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal 8, no. 4 (April 13, 2021): 71–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.14738/assrj.84.9975.
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In a brief review of scholarship, this paper presents the general assessment of Church decline among the Youth in Australia. Journals, books, magazines, and websites information were the resources employed in the analyses. It was discovered that the spiritual and personal growth, discipleship role, and mission life/work determine the young adult's understanding of the church and environment. Lack of interest, busy life schedule, political issues, and people-pleasing were found to have triggered why the young ones have declined in their church attendance. The review recommended that effective youth ministry is possible if there is a specific and time slot for busy life schedule people; pastors adopt strategic ministry to the youth and focus on enhancing the youth's philosophical thoughts. The findings would help appropriate youth ministry in the contemporary context. Future researchers may consider the explanatory or exploratory mixed-methods design.
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Keleher, Helen, and Virginia Hagger. "Health Literacy in Primary Health Care." Australian Journal of Primary Health 13, no. 2 (2007): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py07020.
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Health literacy is fundamental if people are to successfully manage their own health. This requires a range of skills and knowledge about health and health care, including finding, understanding, interpreting and communicating health information, seeking of appropriate care and making critical health decisions. A primary health system that is appropriate and universally accessible requires an active agenda based on research of approaches to address low health literacy, while health care providers should be alert to the widespread problems of health literacy which span all age levels. This article reviews the progress made in Australia on health literacy in primary health care since health literacy was included in Australia's health goals and targets in the mid-1990s. A database search of published literature was conducted to identify existing examples of health literacy programs in Australia. Considerable work has been done on mental health literacy, and research into chronic disease self-management with CALD communities, which includes health literacy, is under way. However, the lack of breadth in research has led to a knowledge base that is patchy. The few Australian studies located on health literacy research together with the data about general literacy in Australia suggests the need for much more work to be done to increase our knowledge base about health literacy, in order to develop appropriate resources and tools to manage low health literacy in primary health settings.
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Paudyal, D. R., K. McDougall, and A. Apan. "The Impact of Varying Statutory Arrangements on Spatial Data Sharing and Access in Regional NRM Bodies." ISPRS Annals of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences II-8 (December 23, 2014): 193–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsannals-ii-8-193-2014.
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Spatial information plays an important role in many social, environmental and economic decisions and increasingly acknowledged as a national resource essential for wider societal and environmental benefits. Natural Resource Management is one area where spatial information can be used for improved planning and decision making processes. In Australia, state government organisations are the custodians of spatial information necessary for natural resource management and regional NRM bodies are responsible to regional delivery of NRM activities. The access and sharing of spatial information between government agencies and regional NRM bodies is therefore as an important issue for improving natural resource management outcomes. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the current status of spatial information access, sharing and use with varying statutory arrangements and its impacts on spatial data infrastructure (SDI) development in catchment management sector in Australia. Further, it critically examined whether any trends and significant variations exist due to different institutional arrangements (statutory versus non-statutory) or not. A survey method was used to collect primary data from 56 regional natural resource management (NRM) bodies responsible for catchment management in Australia. Descriptive statistics method was used to show the similarities and differences between statutory and non-statutory arrangements. The key factors which influence sharing and access to spatial information are also explored. The results show the current statutory and administrative arrangements and regional focus for natural resource management is reasonable from a spatial information management perspective and provides an opportunity for building SDI at the catchment scale. However, effective institutional arrangements should align catchment SDI development activities with sub-national and national SDI development activities to address catchment management issues. We found minor differences in spatial information access, use and sharing due to varying institutional environment (statutory versus non-statutory). The non-statutory group appears to be more flexible and selfsufficient whilst statutory regional NRM bodies may lack flexibility in their spatial information management practices. We found spatial information access, use and sharing has significant impacts on spatial data infrastructure development in catchment management sector in Australia.
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Dettman, David. "Approaches to Negotiating Change Through Evolving Library Management Styles in Australian University Libraries." Evidence Based Library and Information Practice 17, no. 4 (December 14, 2022): 177–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.18438/eblip30239.
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A Review of:Gunapala, M., Montague, A., Reynolds, S., & Vo-Tran, H. (2020). Managing change in university libraries in the 21st century: An Australian perspective. Journal of the Australian Library and Information Association, 69(2), 191-214. https://doi.org/10.1080/24750158.2020.1756598 Objective – Investigating current change management practices to create a conceptual management framework for the 21st century. Design – Interviews using a qualitative constructivist approach. Setting – Australian university libraries. Subjects – Chief university librarians of 18 public universities out of 37 in Australia. Methods – Chief university librarians in more than half of the public university libraries in Australia were interviewed. The interviews were completed face-to-face using a semi-structured questioning approach, based on themes and concepts derived from the literature review. Observation data were also gathered through physical visits to the libraries. The data analysis was conducted using two Microsoft Excel matrices, one grouped thematically and the other populated with relevant literature review commentary when it aligned with interviewee commentary. The conceptual framework used to guide the research is made up of six fundamentals of performance improvements to effectively manage change: resources, relevance, stakeholders, strategy, government policy, and university infrastructure. The research focused on current change management practices of chief librarians as they address these issues. Main Results – The research revealed that the influence of, or the relationship between, the factors affecting changing university library environments creates a complex administrative environment where decision making addressing one of the fundamentals can have negative unintended consequences in one or more of the other key areas. The authors note that the literature and views of the informants show a change in the objectives of the future academic library characterized by, but not limited to, initiatives that are designed to meet changing needs of a diverse group of stakeholders. These objectives must be “innovative” and “add value to the university business rather than continue to do what was traditionally done” (Gunapala et al., 2020, p. 203). Conclusion – The authors profess that the study provides theoretical insight to help library leaders address the many challenges currently in place and emerging across the Australian university library landscape. They assert that the research reveals the need to shift focus from a more traditional transactional oriented model to an engagement orientated model, due to the introduction of market forces coupled with declining public funding. They conclude by claiming to provide a theoretical framework that when practically implemented will allow library leaders to successfully navigate and negotiate emerging changes across the spectrum of higher education.
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Sherwood, C. R., A. J. Heyward, A. T. Revill, L. Scott, and C. B. Fandry. "ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT ON THE NORTH WEST SHELF: A REVIEW OF EXISTING DATA." APPEA Journal 39, no. 1 (1999): 568. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj98037.
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The Western Australia Department of Environmental Protection initiated the North West Shelf Marine Environmental Management Study in recognition of development pressures on the complex and poorly understood marine environment of the North West Shelf. The four-year study, which began in 1998, is providing strategic information for long-term sustainable use and conservation management in the region. It will develop and consolidate the technical information base, scientific understanding, and predictive capabilities required to support an integrated, ecologically based management framework. As a first step in the study, we have reviewed scientific knowledge relevant to the marine environment of the North West Shelf and its management. With the cooperation of industry, academia and government, we have compiled a bibliography of more than 1,700 published and unpublished sources of data, models and hypotheses. Australian Petroleum Production and Exploration Association Ltd (APPEA) members are responsible for much of this information. In addition, we have critically assessed models and tools for environmental management and identified key gaps in current scientific understanding related to management of marine resources on the North West Shelf. Finally, we have highlighted opportunities for future research on the North West Shelf and provided the foundation for design of the study.
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Metternicht, Graciela, and Mark Stafford Smith. "Commentary: on the under-valuing of Australia’s expertise in drylands research and practice globally." Rangeland Journal 42, no. 5 (2020): 253. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rj20055.
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Global drylands are a significant driver of earth system processes that affect the world’s common resources such as the climate. Their peoples are also among the first to be widely affected by global changes such as land degradation and climate change. Yet drylands are a source of many social and technical innovations, globally, as well as in Australia. As a major developed dryland nation, Australia has previously played a major role in extending these innovations to the rest of the world. The nation has reaped reputational and commercial benefits through major research and practice contributions to dryland agriculture, water management and governance, remote area services, indigenous partnerships, dryland monitoring systems, and ‘desert knowledge’ innovation. Australian researchers continue to contribute to various relevant international processes, yet recognition and support for this within Australia has dropped off markedly in recent years. We analyse the Australian government’s investment in research and in overseas aid for drylands over the last two decades, and explore trends in government’s active involvement in major international processes related to land. These trends are short-sighted, overlooking potential economic benefits for Australian enterprises, and undermining Australia’s stance and scientific leadership in dryland systems globally. In this commentary, we argue that it is time for the trends to be reversed, as this is an area of comparative advantage for Australian diplomacy with significant returns on investment for Australia, both direct and indirect, especially when most emerging economies contain substantial drylands. We identify four major pathways to obtaining benefits from science diplomacy, and four interrelated actions within Australia to enable these – to place a higher emphasis on science diplomacy, to re-forge a bipartisan recognition of Australian drylands expertise, to establish a dedicated Dryland Information Hub, and to create a network of relevant science and technology advisors.
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Nichols, Susan J., Leon A. Barmuta, Bruce C. Chessman, Peter E. Davies, Fiona J. Dyer, Evan T. Harrison, Charles P. Hawkins, et al. "The imperative need for nationally coordinated bioassessment of rivers and streams." Marine and Freshwater Research 68, no. 4 (2017): 599. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf15329.
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Declining water quality and ecological condition is a typical trend for rivers and streams worldwide as human demands for water resources increase. Managing these natural resources sustainably is a key responsibility of governments. Effective water management policies require information derived from long-term monitoring and evaluation. Biological monitoring and assessment are critical for management because bioassessment integrates the biological, physical and chemical features of a waterbody. Investment in nationally coordinated riverine bioassessment in Australia has almost ceased and the foci of management questions are on more localised assessments. However, rivers often span political and administrative boundaries, and their condition may be best protected and managed under national policies, supported by a coordinated national bioassessment framework. We argue that a nationally coordinated program for the bioassessment of riverine health is an essential element of sustainable management of a nation’s water resources. We outline new techniques and research needed to streamline current arrangements to meet present-day and emerging challenges for coordinating and integrating local, regional and national bioassessment activities. This paper draws on international experience in riverine bioassessment to identify attributes of successful broad-scale bioassessment programs and strategies needed to modernise freshwater bioassessment in Australia and re-establish national broad-scale focus.
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Turpin, Tim, Sam Garrett-Jones, and Kieren Diment. "Scientists, Career Choices and Organisational Change: Managing Human Resources in Cross Sector R&D Organisations." Journal of Management & Organization 11, no. 2 (March 2005): 13–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1833367200004260.
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ABSTRACTThe resource-based view of the firm has drawn attention to the role of human resources in building innovative capacity within firms. In ‘high technology’ firms, scientific capability is a critical factor in achieving international competitiveness. Science, however, is a costly business and many firms are entering into cross-sector R&D partnerships in order to gain access to leading edge scientific capability. The Australian Cooperative Research Centres (CRC) program is typical of the ways many governments are seeking to promote such cross-sector R&D collaboration. Scientists are key resources in these organisational arrangements. However, there is only fragmentary information available about why and when scientists choose to work in these cross-sector organisations rather than others, or the impact of changing funding regimes on their career choices. Similarly, there has been little research into the impact of such partnerships and career choices on the organisations in which scientists work. This paper presents some findings from two new ARC funded studies in Australia designed to investigate the careers of scientists and the organisational and career implications of participation in cross-sector R&D collaboration. One of our findings is that CRCs may not endure as long term ‘hybrid’ organisational arrangements as some observers have suggested, but rather remain as transitional structure influencing the partners involved and the careers of scientists. This has important implications for the managers of CRCs as well as those responsible for partner organisations.
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Robins, Julie B., Ian A. Halliday, Jonathan Staunton-Smith, David G. Mayer, and Michelle J. Sellin. "Freshwater-flow requirements of estuarine fisheries in tropical Australia: a review of the state of knowledge and application of a suggested approach." Marine and Freshwater Research 56, no. 3 (2005): 343. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf04087.
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The freshwater-flow requirements of estuarine fisheries in tropical areas are reviewed, with reference to species important to fisheries in northern Australia. Fisheries production, in terms of catch, is often elevated during, or as a consequence of, years with higher river flow, but the causality of these relationships often remains unproven. Scientific information on the freshwater-flow requirements important to fisheries production is increasingly being sought during the planning, allocation and management of water resources within Australia and in other countries around the world. Frequently, such advice is based on the analysis of catch and freshwater flow (or rainfall), or on life-history information. Clarifying fisheries-specific goals of water management would assist in prioritising research into the freshwater-flow requirements of estuarine fisheries. A framework that integrates life-history information and correlative analyses is suggested to assist in understanding the freshwater-flow requirements of estuarine fisheries. The framework is also useful in identifying knowledge gaps and pertinent research questions. The approach is illustrated through its application to identifying key freshwater-flow events likely to be important for fisheries production in a dry tropical estuary in Queensland, Australia.
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New, T. R., and A. L. Yen. "Invertebrate conservation in Australia: problems in policy and practice." Pacific Conservation Biology 19, no. 2 (2013): 104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc130104.
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UNDERTAKING programmes for invertebrate conservation in Australia has always been difficult because of (1) lack of information about the target taxa, (2) the small number of relevant invertebrate specialists, and (3) competition with the better known plants and animals for limited resources to conduct these programmes. The task of invertebrate conservation is both formidable and increasingly urgent, and must be undertaken with very inadequate taxonomic and biological knowledge. The history of insect conservation interest in Australia (summarized by New and Yen 2012) demonstrates many of the problems that may be even greater amongst lesser-known invertebrates. Reviews (New 1984; Yen and Butcher 1997; Hutchings and Ponder 1999; Sands and New 2002; Clarke and Spier 2003), conferences (primarily the series of Invertebrate Biodiversity and Conservation Conferences, or IBCC, that have been conducted every two years since 1993), numerous workshops, and interest groups (such as the Conservation Committee of the Australian Entomological Society), and establishment of recovery teams have collectively publicized invertebrate conservation issues, from basic study and inventory to practical management. They have sought the widest possible inputs to ensure progress and explore the various impediments that retard effective conservation of invertebrates.
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Worland, D., and R. Anderson. "Disclosure of Human Resources Information by Australian Companies in Annual Reports." Asia Pacific Journal of Human Resources 29, no. 2 (December 1, 1991): 21–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/103841119102900203.
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Shaw, Tim, Deborah McGregor, Sue Sinclair, Robert Sutherland, Ana Munro, and Jackie Ross. "E-learning portal for professional development in cancer care." Education + Training 56, no. 2/3 (April 8, 2014): 165–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/et-11-2012-0113.
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Purpose – Cancer care is complex and an integrated cancer pathway involves many health professionals in a variety of care settings using many skills. The widely distributed and heterogeneous nature of the cancer workforce raises significant challenges with respect to professional development. Cancer Learning is a government-funded initiative designed to provide access to a wide range of quality online learning resources for all health care professionals involved in the care of cancer patients and their families. The purpose of this paper is to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach – A multi-phase project, led by a consortium of national stakeholders in cancer care, informed the design, build, and deployment of Cancer Learning; an online, evidence based, information and learning portal to support professional development of health professionals across the continuum of cancer care in Australia. An action research approach allowed for an iterative process of ongoing dynamic evaluation and improvement of this workforce improvement resource. Findings – The National Government Agency, Cancer Australia's Cancer Learning online hub has been supporting the professional development requirements of cancer care professionals since the site deployment in 2007. Since launch, site usage continues to grow and evaluations have been positive. Time constraints of health professionals continue to be a major barrier to sustained online learning participation. Originality/value – This research recount of the development and implementation of an Australia first national online learning initiative highlights the rigorous approach undertaken for the delivery of a quality evidence-based resource for the professional development of all health professionals involved in the delivery of cancer care.
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Cuadrado-Quesada, Gabriela, and Rosemary Rayfuse. "Towards Sustainability in Groundwater Use: An Exploration of Key Drivers Motivating the Adoption and Implementation of Policy and Regulation." Journal of Environmental Law 32, no. 1 (August 7, 2019): 111–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jel/eqz020.
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Abstract Groundwater resources have come under increasing pressure from overuse and pollution leading to declines in both quantity and quality. As a renewable resource, the continued availability of sufficient and clean groundwater depends on its sustainable use. However, groundwater use has often been unsustainable, and in many countries—both developing and developed—legal and policy frameworks for its sustainable use remain limited and their design and implementation are under-researched. This article examines the drivers that motivate the development and implementation of legal and policy frameworks capable of ensuring the long-term sustainability of groundwater resources. Case studies conducted in Australia and Costa Rica reveal four key drivers: (i) the existence of a water crisis, (ii) awareness—which leads to information, learning and monitoring, (iii) civic leadership to foster meaningful participation and, (iv) government research and funding in order to understand the complexity of groundwater.
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Singh, Supriya, Meredith Blake, and Jonathan O'Donnell. "Digitizing Pacific Cultural Collections: The Australian Experience." International Journal of Cultural Property 20, no. 1 (February 2013): 77–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0940739112000483.
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AbstractIn the absence of specific policies that address the digitization of Pacific cultural collections, it is important to document the practices of Australian museum professionals and cultural experts who deal with close to one-fifth of Pacific cultural objects held in museums. Interviews with 17 museum professionals and cultural experts in Australia help advance reflective practice relating to digitizing Pacific collections. Drawing on principles enshrined in international, regional, and Australian policies and protocols relating to the management of indigenous collections, they favor responsible digitization based on consultation with source and diasporic communities. In order to consult across a region with multiple languages and cultures when time and resources are limited, they begin with areas they know best and when possible, work with curators of Pacific backgrounds. Some practicalities of publishing and protecting digitized images online revolve around validating information about the artifact and going beyond copyright to respect traditional knowledge.
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Costa, Nathalia, Mandy Nielsen, Gwendolen Jull, Andrew P. Claus, and Paul W. Hodges. "Low back pain websites do not meet the needs of consumers: A study of online resources at three time points." Health Information Management Journal 49, no. 2-3 (July 2, 2019): 137–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1833358319857354.
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Background: The popularity of the Internet as a source of health-related information for low back pain (LBP) is growing. Although research has evaluated information quality in health-related websites, few studies have considered whether content and presentation match consumer preferences. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate whether LBP website content and presentation matched preferences of consumers with LBP, whether matching preference of consumers changed over 8 years as recognition of people-centred healthcare has developed and whether this differs between countries of Internet searching. Method: The most prominent and top 20 LBP websites were identified using common search engines in 2010, 2015 and 2018. Websites identified in the top 20 in 2010 were followed up if not identified in 2015 and 2018. Two reviewers independently evaluated websites with a 16-item checklist developed from research of consumer preferences. In 2015, websites were identified using searches conducted using IP addresses from Australia, the United States of America (USA), the United Kingdom and Canada. After removal of duplicates, 55 websites were evaluated in 2010. In 2015 and 2018, 33 and 28 new sites, respectively, were identified, and 37 previous websites were re-evaluated. Results: In 2010 and 2015, websites predominantly originated from USA and were sponsored by “for-profit” organisations. In 2018, most websites originated from Australian “not-for-profit” organisations. None of the websites provided information on all content areas. At least 55% of websites were rated as poor or fair. No site rated as excellent overall. There was some worsening over time. Country of search did not affect results. Conclusion: Websites retrieved using typical searches did not meet information and presentation preferences of people with LBP.
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Miniter, Amy, and Huan Vo-Tran. "Modular Information Management: Using AUSTLANG to Enhance the Classification of Australian Indigenous Knowledge Resources." Journal of the Australian Library and Information Association 70, no. 4 (August 8, 2021): 352–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/24750158.2021.1958447.
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Flack, Anna L., Anthony S. Kiem, Tessa R. Vance, Carly R. Tozer, and Jason L. Roberts. "Comparison of published palaeoclimate records suitable for reconstructing annual to sub-decadal hydroclimatic variability in eastern Australia: implications for water resource management and planning." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 24, no. 12 (November 29, 2020): 5699–712. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-5699-2020.
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Abstract. Knowledge of past, current, and future hydroclimatic risk is of great importance. However, like many other countries, Australia's observed hydroclimate records are at best only ∼ 120 years long (i.e. from ∼ 1900 to the present) but are typically less than ∼ 50 years long. Therefore, recent research has focused on developing longer hydroclimate records based on palaeoclimate information from a variety of different sources. Here we review and compare the insights emerging from 11 published palaeoclimate records that are relevant for annual to sub-decadal hydroclimatic variability in eastern Australia over the last ∼ 1000 years. The sources of palaeoclimate information include ice cores, tree rings, cave deposits, and lake sediment deposits. The published palaeoclimate information was then analysed to determine when (and where) there was agreement (or uncertainty) about the timing of wet and dry epochs in the pre-instrumental period (1000–1899). The occurrence, frequency, duration, and spatial extent of pre-instrumental wet and dry epochs was then compared to wet and dry epochs since 1900. The results show that instrumental records (∼ 1900–present) underestimate (or at least misrepresent) the full range of rainfall variability that has occurred, and is possible, in eastern Australia. Even more disturbing is the suggestion, based on insights from the published palaeoclimate data analysed, that 71 % of the pre-instrumental period appears to have no equivalent in the instrumental period. This implies that the majority of the past 1000 years was unlike anything encountered in the period that informs water infrastructure, planning, and policy in Australia. A case study, using a typical water storage reservoir in eastern Australia, demonstrates that current water resource infrastructure and management strategies would not cope under the range of pre-instrumental conditions that this study suggests has occurred. When coupled with projected impacts of climate change and growing demands, these results highlight some major challenges for water resource management and infrastructure. Though our case study location is eastern Australia, these challenges, and the limitations associated with current methods that depend on instrumental records that are too short to realistically characterise interannual to multi-decadal variability, also apply globally.
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Kingsford, R. T. "Conservation of waterbirds in Australia." Pacific Conservation Biology 19, no. 4 (2013): 366. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc130366.
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There are 93 species of Australian waterbirds, predominantly dependent on freshwater, inland saline or estuarine ecosystems. They include diverse species predominantly from six major groups: grebes (Podicipediformes); ducks, geese and swans (Anseriformes); pelicans and cormorants (Pelecaniformes); egrets, ibises, spoonbills (Ciconniiformes); cranes, rails and crakes (Gruiiformes) and shorebirds (Charadriiformes). I analysed the content of 382 publications on Australian waterbirds in relation to life history and threats. There were 4.08 publications per species, with most publications biased towards the Anseriformes (6.95 publications per species). There were relatively few publications on Gruiformes (1.13 per species) or Podicipediformes (0.33 per species). There is reasonably good knowledge of distribution, abundance, diet and foraging and habitat use, but there were generally few examples of integration of these data into population modelling, a particularly useful tool for conservation of species. Significant gaps exist in the understanding of basic life history and movement patterns, critical for conservation; these are particularly accentuated for cryptic species. Opportunities exist to collection basic information, directed towards modelling population dynamics. As with most of the world’s organisms, habitat loss and degradation remain the major threat to waterbirds in Australia. The ongoing pressure on water resources and developments of estuaries continue to cause decline of waterbirds, exacerbated by secondary threats including climate change, disease, hunting, pollution and disturbance. Hunting continues to have an impact, but it is relatively poorly modelled, requiring more investment by governments charged with its management. Effective conservation of Australian waterbirds and their wetland habitats depends on mitigating habitat loss and degradation, primarily dependent on political will not knowledge.
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Post, David, Peter Baker, and Damian Barrett. "Determining the impacts of coal seam gas extraction on water-dependent assets." APPEA Journal 56, no. 2 (2016): 545. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj15051.
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Many Australians, particularly in rural areas, are seeking clear scientific information about the potential impacts of coal seam gas production on groundwater and surface water across the country. In response to the resultant community concern, the Australian Government commissioned an ambitious multi-disciplinary program of bioregional assessments to improve understanding of the potential impacts of coal seam gas (and large coal mining) activities on water-dependent assets across six bioregions in eastern and central Australia. Delivered through a collaboration between the Department of the Environment, the Bureau of Meteorology, CSIRO, and Geoscience Australia—and including close engagement with natural resource management and catchment management organisations, coal resource companies, Indigenous peoples and state governments—the results will allow coal resource companies, governments, and the community to focus on the areas where impacts may occur so that these can be minimised. Key findings of the program will be presented with specific reference to the potential impacts on water-dependent assets due to CSG development by Metgasco and AGL in the Clarence-Moreton and Gloucester regions, respectively.
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Farrier, S., and G. Swier. "Sustainability and implementation of economic regulation in the Water Sector in Victoria, Australia." Water Supply 5, no. 2 (September 1, 2005): 75–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2005.0024.
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The water industry in the state of Victoria, Australia underwent significant structural and pricing reforms in the 1990s. Now, attention is focussed on introducing independent economic regulation, and on the sustainable management of water resources. Experience in Victoria, Australia, provides an interesting opportunity to consider the challenges of reconciling independent economic regulation of profit focused businesses while meeting goals for sustainability in the most efficient way. We conclude that effective integration of sustainability and economic regulation requires consideration of the incentives in economic regulation; investment in defining and collecting data and information to support decisions; greater utilisation of market based instruments; wider and extended use of existing evaluation tools and more explicit linking of these tools to decisions about allocation of resources. However we consider that priority should be given to institutional arrangements; we consider that reform will be required to align arrangements with objectives and thus facilitate efficient and consistent decision-making.
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Shamsi, Shokoofeh, Michelle Williams, and Yazdan Mansourian. "An Introduction to Aboriginal Fishing Cultures and Legacies in Seafood Sustainability." Sustainability 12, no. 22 (November 21, 2020): 9724. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12229724.
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The purpose of this paper was to explore the rich legacy of Aboriginal fishing cultures through historical and contemporary records, in order to inductively identify cultural and social elements which may enhance the aquatic resource sustainability knowledge and ethos in Australia. A thorough, comprehensive and analytical literature review was conducted. The literature review explored the importance of Aboriginal Peoples’ (AP) fishing cultures, and identified examples of fishing practices, ideology and sustainable philosophy, which may be beneficial in sustainably managing dwindling seafood resources. The overriding theme of Aboriginal Peoples’ fishing cultures is the taking of enough fish to ease personal/community hunger, and restricted fishing based on seasons and/or stock abundance. This practice protects fish during vulnerable or important stages, such as spawning, allowing fish stocks to regenerate, and allowing fish to be caught when they are healthy and most nutritious. It is considered that the Aboriginal Peoples of Australia can contribute significant knowledge to the management of dwindling aquatic resources. Access to sacred sites and favourite fishing grounds would benefit communities, would increase the contact between Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal Peoples, and may assist in an interchange of sustainability information and philosophy. The world’s aquatic resources are dangerously depleted. Without a significant shift in focus, this will continue. Rather than relegate the fishing cultures of Aboriginal Peoples to ‘histories past’, we can learn valuable lessons to conserve aquatic resources, and to better understand the interconnectedness with the environment inherent in their cultures. Fishing is used as a generic term for both freshwater and marine fishing in this article.
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Rayner, Steve. "Rhythms of Prediction in South Australian Water Resource Management." Weather, Climate, and Society 11, no. 2 (February 1, 2019): 277–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/wcas-d-18-0103.1.
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Abstract In the complex institutional and physical infrastructure nexus of South Australia, weather and climate information is highly valued by freshwater managers and users. But different users focus on very different time scales. Recent changes in water rights and technology, driven by the Millennium Drought, enable agricultural users to focus on real-time monitoring and relatively short-term forecasts (3–5 days ahead). A wide range of users make extensive use of the full 7-day weather forecasts and there is awareness of, but not reliance on, seasonal outlooks. These are widely viewed as providing “background” indications and are seldom directly used in decision-making. While concern about climate change is driving scientific research on downscaling climate impact models for the region, there are different views among decision-makers about the usefulness of these for adaptation. All forms of weather and climate information appear to be best integrated into decision-making when incorporated into sector-specific models and decision-support tools alongside other relevant variables. However, there remains something of a mismatch between scientific aspirations to improve the skill of seasonal and long-term climate forecasting and the temporal rhythms of water-resource decision-making.
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Gippel, C. J. "Australia's Environmental Flow Initiative: filling some knowledge gaps and exposing others." Water Science and Technology 43, no. 9 (May 1, 2001): 73–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2001.0512.
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Many of Australia's river systems have been seriously degraded by inappropriate management of regulated flows. Other systems are facing threats from future water resources developments. There is a lack of information available to aid in allocation of environmental flows to rivers in order that they are managed in an ecologically sustainable manner. The Environmental Flows Initiative (EFI) is a major Australia-wide R&D program into environmental flows, funded through the Natural Heritage Trust (NHT), and administered by Environment Australia (EA). The program aims to identify environmental values, undertake targeted research to identify risks to river systems and flow requirements to sustain environmental values, to trial flow management options, and to evaluate these trials. The NHT relies on matching funding provided by the State and Territory authorities, and supports integrative approaches with emphasis on works on-the-ground where possible. While the EFI will close significant knowledge gaps, other gaps remain. Some of these relate to development and validation of rapid assessment techniques, understanding the importance of flow variability and how to define it, manipulation of flows to control alien species, developing a system of prioritising rivers for environmental flows, and enhancing flows with other catchment, channel and floodplain rehabilitation measures.
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Fu, Yi, Elizabeth Carson, and Roger Simnett. "Transparency report disclosure by Australian audit firms and opportunities for research." Managerial Auditing Journal 30, no. 8/9 (October 5, 2015): 870–910. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/maj-06-2015-1201.
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Purpose – The purpose of this study is to compare the information disclosed by leading Australian audit firms in their first-time audit firm transparency reports. Australia has mandated the preparation and release of transparency reports by audit firms in 2013 to provide better information to stakeholders about audit firms, their governance and their internal governance systems. These reports promote increased transparency regarding issues which are believed to contribute to audit quality. Design/methodology/approach – The paper takes the form of an archival analysis where the authors summarise the governance and other information for the 21 leading Australian audit firms as disclosed in their first-time 2013 transparency reports. Findings – The authors find that audit firms meet the minimum transparency report disclosure requirements, but have different approaches to governance in the areas which may impact audit quality. These areas include: the internal quality control systems, independence practices, continuing education and partners’ remuneration structures. The authors identify specific areas where transparency reports may give rise to future research opportunities. Originality/value – Australia is one of the first countries to require audit firms to publish transparency reports, and this is the first study to examine these reports. By summarising transparency report disclosures, we present a comprehensive picture of how Australian leading audit firms govern and oversee their business activities. This is useful to transparency report preparers, report users and regulators.
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Ardalich, Nadia. "Information: a valuable resource in managing health, safety, and the environment in the offshore petroleum industry." APPEA Journal 53, no. 2 (2013): 493. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj12104.
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The National Offshore Petroleum Safety and Environmental Management Authority (NOPSEMA) is charged with promoting occupational health and safety and responsible environmental management in the offshore petroleum industry and ensuring industry compliance with the relevant commonwealth legislation. For NOPSEMA to exercise these functions effectively and transparently, sharing information through industry experience is integral. Although NOPSEMA already publishes widely–including guidance material, industry performance data, and safety alerts–it is working towards increasing publication of more detailed and specific industry information, such as enforcement notices. Government regulators publishing industry information of this kind is not new in Australia or overseas and is often used by regulators as a tool for promoting industry compliance. Communicating and sharing information with industry and the public are important activities of governments. Information sharing can expand knowledge, enable innovation, enhance government accountability and transparency, and even save lives by learning from others' experiences. Recently, the Australian Government has shown a deeper commitment through changes to the Freedom of Information Act 1982, making government information more accessible and open to the public. This extended abstract discusses the benefits of increasing publication of industry information to promote NOPSEMA's functions and objectives for delivering a safe and environmentally responsible offshore petroleum industry.
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Hill, John, Helen Hill, and Sue Gray. "Community Recovery Following the Ash Wednesday Bushfires." Children Australia 12, no. 3 (1987): 11–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s031289700001417x.
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The fires of Ash Wednesday, 1983 have been a significant turning-point in the history of disaster management concepts and practices in Australia. Disaster recovery management has been identified as an important area of management in its own right, containing complex and prolonged programs and activities and requiring the participation of the affected community and involvement from the wide community.Recovery from disaster is no longer seen merely in terms of response and relief activities, or as a physical process of reconstruction. It is an enabling and supportive process, which allows individuals, families and communities to attain a proper level of functioning through the provision of information, resources and specialist services.
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Freeman, Julie, and Sora Park. "Rural realities." Transforming Government: People, Process and Policy 9, no. 4 (October 19, 2015): 465–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/tg-03-2015-0012.
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Purpose – This article explores challenges for rural Australian local governments during the transition to high-speed broadband infrastructure. Despite the National Broadband Network’s promised ubiquitous connectivity, significant access discrepancies remain between rural and urban areas. Design/methodology/approach – Empirical findings are drawn from a full-day workshop on digital connectivity, which included participants from seven rural local governments in New South Wales, Australia. Thematic analysis of the workshop transcript was undertaken to extrapolate recurring nuances of rural digital exclusion. Findings – Rural communities face inequitable prospects for digital inclusion, and authorities confront dual issues of accommodating connected and unconnected citizens. Many areas have no or poor broadband access, and different digital engagement expectations are held by citizens and local governments. Citizens seek interactive opportunities, but rural authorities often lack the necessary resources to offer advanced participatory practices. Research limitations/implications – While this research draws from a small sample of government officials, their insights are, nonetheless, heuristically valuable in identifying connectivity issues faced in rural Australia. These issues can guide further research into other regions as well as civic experiences of digital inclusion. Practical implications – There is a need to reconceive Australia’s current policy approach to broadband. Greater rural digital inclusion may be achieved by focusing on connectivity as a public interest goal, targeting infrastructure developments to suit local contexts and implementing participatory digital government practices. Originality/value – The actions suggested would help ensure equity of digital inclusion across Australian municipal areas. Without such changes, there is a risk of rural citizens facing further marginalisation through digital exclusion.