Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Information et archives'
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Dieye, Mor. "Valorisation et médiation numérique du patrimoine documentaire colonial et de l'esclavage." Phd thesis, Université Paul Valéry - Montpellier III, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00942980.
Full textAborawi, Ahmed. "L'usage des technologies de l'information et de la communication par les professeurs des universités lybiennes : le cas des archives ouvertes et des périodiques électroniques sur le web." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAL018.
Full textThis study analyses mind agreement and use of electronic journals and open archivesmade by Libyan universities teachers. So, it aims identification of relationship between, onone hand, the use of electronic journals and open archives and, on second hand, any very important factors, and parts from socio-demographic conditions as gender, Research domain, age and number of practice years.It was developed in a particular context, i.e. in an Arabic country, in way of development, in which socio-politic environment is constitutive, as we think, of a true limiting factor.In the aim of giving answers to this problem, we naturally were led to use quantitative method based on questionnaire. So, 359 teachers, scattered on five disciplines,gave answers to our questionnaire.So, the subject was to understand relationship between the specialty that Libyan university teachers are operating in and their use of TIC, the preferences of electronic journals users, their comportments when encountering any advantages or disadvantages of these journals they use, the users knowledge about open access, and, last topic, the state of the art about benefits due to open access sources. Finally, the results of this study give us new and recent knowledge on teaching practices of Libyan University teachers and open on interesting appliances
Ranquet, Marie. "L'accès aux archives publiques en France. Le droit et la pratique vus par les archivistes depuis 1979." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, Ecole nationale des chartes, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ENCP0002.
Full textFrench archives are ruled by several laws and decrees. First of them go back to French Revolution : it is the law of Messidor 7, year II, by which the idea of free access to archives for citizens is brought out. This idea is nevertheless still quite far from the French Freedom of Information act taken in 1978, in the general context of « laws of 3d-generation rights of men ». The Messidor law is amended during the 19th century to take into account the necessary protection of the interests of State and families. It is repealed by the law n°79-18 of January 3d, 1979 ; this law establishes for the first time the principle of terms for accessing to archives. It is in turn repealed by the law n°2008-696 of July 15th, 2008, which comes after decade-long controversy about access to Second World War archives in particular: even if the mere existence of secret is well accepted, the terms themselves under which these secrets should be held expired are a public issue.Despite a well-shared idea, restrictions on archives'accessibility keep getting stronger. Specific access regimes such as classified informations or medical secrecy gradually become conflicting with the general right of access to archives.The 2008 law arouses many practical interrogations among archivists, confronted with a modification of the communicability terms as well as a deep change in method, these terms being now determined by the degree of sensibility of the information rather than by the nature of the document itself
Cardin, Martine. "Archivistique : information, organisation, mémoire ; l'exemple du Mouvement coopératif Desjardins, 1900-1990." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/29271.
Full textLauvernier, Julie. "Classer et inventorier au XIXe siècle : administration des fonds et écriture de l'histoire locale dijonnaise par l'archiviste Joseph-François Garnier 1815-1903." Phd thesis, Université de Bourgogne, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00808073.
Full textGueye, Seyni. ""Visiter la terre" : droits, savoirs et territoires dans la colonisation hispanique du nord des Andes (province de Popayán, XVIe-XVIIe siècles)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, EHESS, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024EHES0153.
Full textThis PhD dissertation participates in historiographical trends that have been underway for several decades at the crossroads of imperial and colonial European expansion in the early modern period, the history of justice, and the history of knowledge production. It analyses inspections of royal justice and taxation-system in the form of itinerant trials, carried out among the communities of inhabitants in the province of Popayán (southwestern Colombia), between the years 1550s and 1630s. The study aims to reconstruct the contexts and actors involved in these procedures, called "visitas de la tierra", the concrete modalities of travel and social encounters they occasioned, and their practices of information-gathering, by observing and collecting testimonies.On the other hand, it questions the multiple uses of the visitas’ oral and written enactments, within the communities subjected to the trials (colonial towns and parishes, gold-mining districts, Indian encomiendas), as well as in the empire's governmental centers, to which various forms of reports were sent.The aim of the research is to understand better how the "visitas de la tierra" acted both as rituals of negotiation of the colonial order at the local scale of the political bodies established in the northern Andes, and as instruments of knowledge about their territories, the uses of which were exercised at different levels of imperial government
Delmotte, Stéphanie. "La formalisation des publications scientifiques : les sciences humaines et sociales à la recherche de fondements scientifiques." Phd thesis, Paris 10, 2007. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00465668.
Full textSince the 1980's, knowledge accessible via the internet has been steadily growing in importance and popularity. Since 2002, new innovating format solutions have tried to answer the issues encountered in digital processing of scientific digital publications. Scientific data needs to adapt to new ways of accessing knowledge and be standardized matching other globalization standards. Since the 1950's, various fields have been conducted critical thinking studies of the epistemological foundations on the discourse of Human and Social sciences. The use of new technologies comes along with a need to define the specific attributes of Human Sciences discourse. We are studying how the scientific communications practices have adapted with new writing, reading, referencing, editing, and disclosure practices. The digital document emergence brings the obligation to think over the content organization, structure, and method of implementation of the information in one single location to answer the needs of scientific thinking
Gutehrlé, Nicolas. "Information extraction from unstructured documents for the valorisation of historical periodicals : application to the heritage of the Bourgogne Franche-Comté Region in France." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UBFCC006.
Full textIn recent years, libraries and archives have undertaken numerous digitisation campaigns to widen public access to their archival collections. However, the challenge of promoting the content of collections and making these resources discoverable remains. Digitisation often produces unstructured content that is difficult to navigate, while interfaces that rely on keyword-based queries to access archival materials can provide users with irrelevant results. In order to exploit the potential of the "Big Data of the Past", notion introduced by Kaplan and di Lenardo in 2017, it is essential to develop methods and frameworks for structuring the textual content of documents, with the aim of improving their exploration and discoverability. In this context, the present Ph.D. thesis addresses the problem of processing digitised historical documents, focusing on the extraction of Named Entities and Relations in order to create interfaces for the efficient exploitation of historical textual data. Firstly, we propose a new method for determining the logical structure of historical newspapers using a rule-based approach. Secondly, we present a method for extracting entities and relations about people and places mentioned in texts. Our approach is called Extensible, Lightweight and Interpretable Joint Extraction of Relations and Entities (ELIJERE). It is based on linguistic resources obtained through distant supervision. Finally, we propose a general framework for studying the expression of spatial information in documents, and another framework for applying TimeLine Summarisation methods to document collections. We show how these methods can be applied to produce semantically rich interfaces, such as timelines and maps, that allow the general public a close and a distant reading of these collections
Bailloeul, Timothée. "Contours actifs et information à priori pour l'analyse de changements : application à la mise à jour de cartes numériques du bâti urbain à partir d'images optiques de télédétection haute résolution." Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2005. http://ethesis.inp-toulouse.fr/archive/00000282/.
Full textThis thesis proposes a methodology aiming at analyzing changes between an urban digital map of buildings and sub-meter optical remote sensing data. Our approach is based on the use of specific prior information derived from the buildings symbolized in the map to ease their recognition in a more recent satellite image. This prior knowledge is embedded in a variational model to constrain the shape of active contours intended to achieve map-to-image fine matching. We propose new solutions to improve the robustness, speed and flexibility of the active contours. The fine matching process solves the issue of exogenous variabilities between the map and the image which are independant from real changes and increases the reliability of change detection. We ilustrate the efficiency of our approach with experiments carried out with a 1:10 000 scale map and Quickbird satellite images of Pekin city
Bailloeul, Timothée Marthon Philippe Hu Baogang. "Contours actifs et information à priori pour l'analyse de changements application à la mise à jour de cartes numériques du bâti urbain à partir d'images optiques de télédétection haute résolution /." Toulouse : INP Toulouse, 2006. http://ethesis.inp-toulouse.fr/archive/00000282.
Full textThèse soutenue en co-tutelle. Titre provenant de l'écran-titre. Bibliogr. 137 réf.
Lrhoul, Hanae. "La production scientifique des chercheurs de la faculté de médecine et de pharmacie de Casablanca : mesures, cartographie et enjeux du libre accès." Thesis, Paris, CNAM, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017CNAM1161/document.
Full textOur thesis aims to establish a diagnosis of Moroccan scientific potential in the medical area and to conceptualize new devices for measurement, mapping and open access to local science.To build national research systems and ensure Morocco’s socio-economic development, university decision-makers need analytic and evaluation indicators of their scientific heritage. The main sources used to perform this analysis are the international databases "Scopus" and "Web of Science", despite their biased indexing and coverage of southern countries.This impedes the accessibility and visibility of Moroccan science. A few questions then arise: is this lack of visibility due to the low presence of national journals in international databases? Is it due to the quality of Moroccan publications? Is Moroccan science locally focused, addressing themes which are not on the global agenda? Do Moroccan universities lack awareness of the contribution of open access to increasing research visibility and impact? Our case study of the Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Casablanca (FMPC) is based on three specific objectives: 1/ Identifying scientific production; 2/ characterizing scientific production and exploring the existence of a relationship between the indexing of publications in international databases and their visibility and 3/ evaluating the behaviors and uses of open access by researchers.The main results of our thesis are the analysis and characterization of the scientific output of the FMPC, which is highly visible on an international scale: the juxtaposition of national and international publications confirms that 70% of the FMPC’s scientific publications are integrated into international databases and that 74.21% of all articles are published in English. Furthermore, 30% of national publications cannot be excluded from bibliometric evaluation, at the risk of biasing the country's science policies.The establishment of the University’s institutional repository and of the medical journal portal makes it possible to widely disseminate FMPC researcher production and to increase its visibility and impact. Nevertheless, the results of the survey of researchers showed that the main impediment to the adoption of open access is the lack of awareness of the benefits of STIs with regards to increasing their impact and visibility. The results of the FMPC’s science mapping and the study of researcher behavior with regard to open access have allowed us to propose bases for the definition of indicators adapted to the Moroccan context
Wenglenski, Virginie. "Quête d’identité juive par les archives et la généalogie." Thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/24148.
Full textThe discovery of the death of my great-grandparents, gassed in 1943 at the Auschwitz concentration camp in Poland, triggered a frantic search for archives and raised several questions. The genealogy proceeds from a research of kinship, of filiation which links us to a context of society and the archives, formerly secret and devoted to experts (historians and researchers), know with these users a revival of informational but also emotional interest, both at the concrete (material) and virtual (digital) levels. Jewish genealogy is on the fringes of this movement because it often testifies to another psychological and sometimes physiological need, that of filling a "gaping hole" that several migrations, pogroms and a "recent" genocide have dug. In this context, we wondered what the importance of archives could be (in a traumatic context) in Jewish genealogy and their emotional and identity impacts. To answer these research questions, we visited genealogical routes in two organizations: the Jewish Genealogy Circle in Paris and the Jewish Genealogical Society of Montreal. The portraits we have drawn differ. Parisians are more attached to the original archives (especially in the context of the Shoah) and they do not hesitate to share them; Montrealers are more fond of digital archives (especially in the context of immigration) and they favor information rather than medium. However all participants agree on one point: these archives, in addition to enabling better understanding and self-building for some, have consequences for their lives. Undoubtedly, this research of archives on their Jewish ancestors responded (partially?) to a need for singularity. A future study could characterize the archive which marks so much and the particularity of the effects it produces on those who seek it.
Klein, Anne. "Archive(s) : approche dialectique et exploitation artistique." Thèse, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/11648.
Full textThis thesis proposes a dialectical reversal in the archival science concept whose central point is the use of archives rather than the production of records. The first chapters outline the various understandings of the archives since the creation of national institutions in the 19th century until a renewed approach done by some archivists defining themselves as postmodernists in the late 20th century. The history of the archives and the archival science shows two coexistent views which appear as essentially contradictory in that one (traditional) is centered on the creator of the records, and the past understood as the set of actions performed by the creator, while the other (postmodern) is based on the social functions of the archives and the archivist’s role. Following the dialectical thought of Walter Benjamin, the fourth chapter proposes to think the dual nature of archives as documents and testimony while articulating that thought about the archive as a means of inscription of self in time. It appears that the archives can be considered as an objectification of the past within a chronological temporality at the heart of which resides, latently, the archive as a potential emancipator. The artistic use of archives as presented in the fifth chapter shows how this particular type of exploitation highlights the fact that the archives are bound by their conditions of use, which are also the conditions of existence of the archive. Among the issues addressed by the artists, those of memory, authenticity, archives as a means of appropriating the world, and as a poetical object become as many possible entry point to revisit the archival science. The last chapter summarizes all the proposed renewals detailed throughout the thesis. We envision a non-chronological temporality where the archives, objects of the past handled by a singular current dialectic, are being oriented towards both the past and the future. New opportunities are being offered for the archival science from the new properties being assigned to the archives by the artists. Finally, it is the life cycle of the archives itself that can be revised by including the exploitation as a key dimension.
Lacombe, Anne-Marie. "Les archives dans l'art de Robert Rauschenberg." Thèse, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/9939.
Full textThis thesis takes an archival perspective in order to examine the work of Robert Rauschenberg, an American artist who gained notoriety in the New-York art scene of the sixties. It is relevant to see appropriation art strategies by artists like Rauschenberg as a way of having « set up the table » for the archival art movement that would follow, starting in the late eighties and early nineties. The artist's connexions with the archives are first studied. Then, an archival reading of a corpus of his artworks is conducted in order to learn about his particular use of the archives. The conditions of use are raised, along with the conception of archives as memory and, at last, the relationship between archives and photography.
Brochu, Sébastien. "Archivage et transmission des films de famille dans l’environnement numérique." Thèse, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/21911.
Full textWalton, Diana. "Stratégies pour encourager et soutenir l’exploitation des archives par des artistes dans les centres et les services d’archives au Québec." Thèse, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/21242.
Full textCaïdi, Stéphane. "La preuve et la conservation de l'écrit dans la société de l'information." Thèse, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/2398.
Full textIt is becoming commonplace to say that we have entered a so-called "information society". In the process, we have witnessed a transformation characterized by an increased use of information and communication technologies that has revolutionized the way we communicate, learn and conduct business. The traditional communication formats (i.e., paper) gradually yield their place to new technological formats which affect the effectiveness and the speed of transactions, there by enabling the rise of ecommerce. The advent of virtual networks calls into question the monopoly of paper. From a legal perspective, the new paradigm has a huge impact on civil law rules, which were largely anchored in a paper context. The advent of the digitization and the phenomenon of the dematerialization of formats raised several new legal issues that we could summarize in the following manner: What is the relationship between writing and its various formats (e.g., other than paper)? What characterizes writing in an electronic environment? Can this type of writing act as evidence? If so, what will be its conclusive force? How can the integrity of documents be ensured? This thesis examines these various questions within the context of two different legislations: France and Québec. Two issues are addressed: 1) the evolution ofwriting in an electronic, networked environment; 2) the legal framework around evidence and archiving ofwriting in the information society.
"Mémoire présenté à la faculté des études supérieures en vue de l'obtention du grade de maîtrise en droit (L.L.M.)"
Maurel, Dominique. "Les cadres intermédiaires et l’information : modélisation des comportements informationnels de cadres intermédiaires d’une municipalité en transformation." Thèse, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/574.
Full textThe success of organizations lies most often in their capacity to create and use information and knowledge, this capacity being determined among other things by information behaviours. In charge of strategic, tactical and operational decisions, middle managers stand at a crossroad in the knowledge creation process within organizations. Their information behaviours must be supported by information systems. However few studies explore these information behaviours. This research project aims at understanding how municipal middle managers meet their information needs according to their specific information use environment. It describes and models their information needs and uses in management situations and examines how they are supported by information sources. More specifically, the study examines three research questions : (1) What problem situations do municipal middle managers encounter in their management tasks ? (2) What information needs do they express in the context of their problem situations ? (3) What information sources support their information behaviours ? This descriptive study is based on a qualitative approach. The respondents are twenty-one middle managers, all reporting to two boroughs in a Quebec municipality that was merged in 2002. Data collection techniques used are in-depth face-to-face interviews with and direct observations of middle managers, and relevant documentation related to problem situations. Critical incident was used both as a technique interview and as a unit of analysis. Data were subjected to content analysis based on grounded theory. Results show that middle managers’ roles are as diversified as those of top managers. However middle managers have a large “counseling” role. Their managerial responsibilities are mainly at a tactical level, but do not exclude operational and strategic level tasks. The problem situations of middle managers are closely linked to information use environment components such as : their managerial roles and responsibilities, and the organizational context characterizing a municipality undergoing major reorganization. Most problem situations encountered by middle managers in this context were new patterns, and related mainly to legal and prescriptive matters or physical resources. Middle managers’ information needs show the importance of organizational processes and context in the resolution of problem situations. To answer those needs, they used mainly internal information sources. Verbal information sources were more used than printed ones (documentation). At a theoretical level, we found that our middle managers’ information behaviour model supports and complements the two models our study relies on : the general model of information use (Choo, 1998) and the information use environment model (Taylor, 1986, 1991). Concepts such as “user” and “information use” are also refined from the users perspective. At a practical level, this study contributes to the design of information retrieval systems best suited to satisfy the information needs of municipal middle managers. It also assesses the contribution of records information systems to the management of organizational memory.
Conseil de recherches en sciences humaines du Canada (CRSH), Fonds québécois de recherche sur la société et la culture (FQRSC), Manulife Financial Corporation, Fondation J.A. DeSève, Faculté des études supérieures de l’Université de Montréal (bourse de fin d’études), EBSI/Faculté des études supérieures de l’Université de Montréal (bourses conjointes)
Barreau, Ivan. "Le système et la législation archivistiques en Russie : 20 ans après la fin de l’Union Soviétique." Thèse, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/8667.
Full textTo administrate the records complexes generated during their history, countries create archival systems, composed of leading organs, conservation centers and auxiliary institutions. These systems interact with governments for the management of State’s organisms’ and historical records. They develop differently according to the circumstances of national political, social and economical evolution. During the 20th century, the Soviet Union possessed a unique archival system, based on maximalist principles of total archives’ centralisation. At the beginning of the 90’s, the political and economical transition provoked a succession of changes for the Russian archival system: introduction of an archival legislation, apparition of a private sector, etc. To a large extent, the Russian case illustrates the question of the adaptation of archival systems facing historical changes. The present thesis aims to give an overview of the changes that happened in the Russian archival system from 1991 to 2011, with a study of the historical context, a quantitative and qualitative analysis of the archival legislation’s evolution, a content analysis of the main acts of this legislation, and also an overview of the non-state archives’ situation, to illustrate the magnitude of the changes brought to this system. Thanks to these different steps, this thesis will allow a better comprehension of the adaptation’s processes of the Russian archival system, by illustrating the apparition and the content of the archival legislation, its effects and the problems encountered. It will show finally the special dynamics between the old and the new.
Ce mémoire a été réalisé dans le cadre d'un séjour de recherche à l'Université d'État des Sciences Humaines de Russie (RGGU), Moscou.
Mas, Sabine. "Schémas de classification et repérage des documents administratifs électroniques dans un contexte de gestion décentralisée des ressources informationnelles." Thesis, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/1433.
Full textThe employees of an organization often use a personal classification scheme to organize electronic documents residing on their own workstations. As this may make it hard for other employees to retrieve these documents, there is a risk for the organization of losing track of needed documentation. To this day, no empirical study has been conducted to verify whether personal classification schemes allow, or even facilitate the retrieval of documents created and classed by someone else, in collaborative work, for example, or when it becomes necessary to reconstruct a “dossier”. The first objective of our research was to describe the characteristics of personal classification schemes used to organize and classify administrative electronic documents. Our second objective was to verify, in a controlled environment, differences as to retrieval effectiveness which would be linked to the characteristics of classification schemes. More precisely, we wanted to verify if it was possible to find a document with the same effectiveness, whatever the classification scheme used. Two types of data collection were necessary to reach those objectives. We first identified the structural, logical and semantic characteristics of 21 classification schemes used by Université de Montréal employees to organize and classify electronic documents residing on their own workstations. We then compared, in a controlled experimentation, the capacity of 70 participants to find electronic documents with the help of five classification schemes exhibiting variations in their structural, logical and semantic characteristics. Three variables were used to measure retrieval effectiveness : the number of documents found, the average time needed (in seconds) to locate the documents and the number of documents found on the first try. Results revealed many structural, logical and semantic characteristics common to a majority of personal classification schemes : extended macro-structures, shallow, complex and unbalanced structures, thematic grouping, alphabetical order of classes, etc. An analysis of variance revealed significant differences as to retrieval effectiveness that are related to the structural, logical and semantic characteristics of the classification scheme. A classification scheme characterized by a narrow macro-structure and a logic based on classes of activities increases the probability of finding documents more rapidly. On the semantic level, more explicit denominations of classes (for example, by using definitions or avoiding acronyms and abbreviations) increases the probability of success in finding documents. Finally, a classification scheme characterized by a narrow macro-structure, a logic based on classes of activities, and a semantic that uses few abbreviations minimizes the risk of error and failure in retrieval.
Guitard, Laure. "Vocabulaire employé pour l'accès thématique aux documents d'archives patrimoniaux : étude linguistique exploratoire de termes de recherche, de description, d'indexation." Thèse, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/21122.
Full textGendron, Céline. "Le papier voyageur : provenance, circulation et utilisation en Nouvelle-France au XVIIe siècle." Thèse, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/20436.
Full textChebbi, Aïda. "Archivage du Web organisationnel dans une perspective archivistique." Thèse, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/9203.
Full textSeveral communities have adopted the web as a privileged space for expression and activity, where communication and documentary practices complement and enrich each other. Both in its visible and invisible dimensions, the web is a documentation vault of planetary scope, characterized not only by the sheer amount of information it contains, but by its diversity, complexity and ephemeral nature. Most current web archiving projects focus on preserving online publications without considering their value from an archival point of view. Only a few web archiving projects target the preservation of organisational or governmental web records. The archival value of the web, especially that of organisational web, does not seem to be justly recognized, despite the continuous effort deployed by certain National Archives bodies to disseminate best practices and policies for organisational web archiving. This thesis aims to develop a better understanding of the nature of web records and to document current archiving practices intended for organisational web. In particular, this research will look at the following three questions: (1) What general recommendations can be found in archiving policies for organisational web? (2) What are the main characteristics of web records? (3) Which web record-keeping practices have been deployed in Quebec organisations? To address these questions, this exploratory and descriptive research uses a qualitative approach based on three data collection methods, namely: the analysis of a body of 55 policies and supporting documents related to organisational web archiving; the scrutiny of 11 public websites of various Quebec organisations and of a sample of 737 documents generated by those web systems; and interviews with 21 individuals that are involved in the management and archiving of those websites. The results of this research show that the observed sites are the product of an organisation’s online activity and that they simultaneously document the objectives and the occurrences of an organisation’s web presence. New types of documents that are specific to organisational web have been identified. Documents that have migrated online have acquired a different context of use and new characteristics. Hence, current document management methods must consider the unique properties of documents in a web environment. Only a portion of the observed organisations are involved in the process of archiving their public website. Additionally, the chosen archiving strategies are not always coherent with the recommendations found in web archiving policies, and do not guarantee the sustainability of web records. Those results led us to design a standard policy model adapted to the particular properties of web archives. This model describes the essential components of a web archiving policy and proposes a range of measures that an organisation could implement based on the results of a risks analysis of their public website’s uses in a business context.
Roy, Sophie. "La diffusion d'archives à l'aide des technologies du Web 2.0 : le cas du Musée McCord." Thèse, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/8447.
Full textThis master thesis explores the concept of archival dissemination in the Web 2.0 era. In the North American context, dissemination from an archival perspective includes the promotion, valorization and communication of archives. Web 2.0 represents new and interesting opportunites for dissemination as it facilitates interactions among individuals. As few studies examined this question, we were interested in studying an organisation where Web 2.0 platforms had been integrated to establish a dialog with their known and potential users, in order to enhance the exploitation of their archives as well as to increase their visibility. In this case study of the McCord Museum of Canadian History, we interviewed members of the personnel involved in the implementation of Web 2.0 platforms to discover the motivations behind the adoption of those technologies, as well as to describe the selected tools and the way they were implemented. The advantages and disadvantages of these new dissemination plateforms were highlighted. In conclusion, we propose guidelines to successfully implement Web 2.0 tools.
Samir, Hachani. "L'Avenir du contrôle par les pairs dans la publication scientifique face au défis du libre accès." Phd thesis, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00922600.
Full textDesrochers, Pierre. "La théorie sociale de la connaissance et la gestion du patrimoine documentaire à l’ère numérique." Thèse, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/14050.
Full textMemory and knowledge institutions (for example, libraries, archives, museums) face significant challenges in their responsibilities to ensure the long-term preservation of documentary heritage in the digital age. The overabundance of digital information, the potential unrestricted ability to create and produce digital information by individuals and social groups; the lack of storage capacity and ability to disseminate digital information by documentary heritage institutions are only a few of these challenges. Moreover, the approaches and methods used in an analogue environment to identify, manage, preserve and disseminate Canadian documentary heritage have proven to be non-transferable to the digital environment. We suggest that social epistemology can support the development of public policy approach for documentary heritage institutions to identify Canada's documentary heritage in the digital age. We explored this issue and we tried to respond to it through three scientific articles. Our research indicates that existing professional practice and objective knowledge remains persistent and limits the formulation and application of new theoretical frameworks, administrative policies and instruments related to the identification and selection of documentary heritage. To remedy this situation, our research identifies a conceptual framework that can be used to develop public policies on Canada's documentary heritage.