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Pohjanen, Aira Maria, and Terttu Anna Maarit Kortelainen. "Transgender information behaviour." Journal of Documentation 72, no. 1 (January 11, 2016): 172–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jd-04-2015-0043.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore information behaviour and the information barriers transgendered people encounter. This study produces new information about the information needs in the construction of the transgendered identity, the changing of the information needs during this phase, utilized information sources, information sharing and barriers encountered in the information behaviour displayed by transgendered people. Design/methodology/approach – Semi-structured interviews were used to explore the information behaviour of 12 transgendered participants. This study represents a phenomenological-hermeneutic approach. A qualitative content analysis was used in analysing the data with categories derived from previous research and research questions. Findings – Serendipity played an important role at the beginning of the participants’ information seeking phase: the young individual would not have terms corresponding to his or her experience because of the invisibility of the transgender phenomenon in the culture. The barriers to seeking information were psychological, demographic, role-related or interpersonal, environmental or source characteristic. Fear was apparent as a barrier in the surrounding culture often caused by expectations, attitudes in the family environment and people around. Source characteristic barriers were related to the lack of terms and vocabulary required to seek information and also the lack of the information itself. Information about transgender and gender minorities was essential in building up a clear gender identity, and the most relevant information sources of this sort of information this were other transgendered people and the experience-based information they had shared. Originality/value – The information behaviour of transgendered people has not been previously studied. In this study a model of information behaviour and information barriers was made. The model includes individual’s information practices, sources of information and also the barriers affecting information behaviour.
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Robson, Andrew, and Lyn Robinson. "The Information Seeking and Communication Model." Journal of Documentation 71, no. 5 (September 14, 2015): 1043–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jd-01-2015-0023.
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Purpose – This study investigated the application in the field of healthcare of a recently developed model of information seeking and communication. The purpose of this paper is to test the model’s validity and to identify insights that it may provide. Design/methodology/approach – To investigate the model’s application to information users, the findings from published literature on physicians’ information behaviour were studied. To investigate its application to information providers, interviews were carried out with staff working for the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence and with employees of pharmaceutical companies. The findings were examined using deductive content analysis. Findings – The findings endorse the validity of the model, with minor modifications. The model provides practical insights into the behaviour of both users and providers of information and the factors that influence them. It can be used to identify ways in which information behaviour may be positively modified in both finding and communicating healthcare information. Originality/value – This research demonstrates the practical value of a new model of information behaviour which was developed using insights from earlier models. In doing so it answers criticisms that research in library and information science often fails to build on previous research and that it has little practical usefulness.
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Ibenne, Samuel Kelechukwu, Boyka Simeonova, Janet Harrison, and Mark Hepworth. "An integrated model highlighting information literacy and knowledge formation in information behaviour." Aslib Journal of Information Management 69, no. 3 (May 15, 2017): 316–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ajim-09-2016-0148.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to review key models of people’s information behaviour (IB) exploring the integration of the concepts of information literacy (IL) and knowledge in their designs. Scholarly perspectives portray IL as providing individuals with capacity for good information practices that result in generating new knowledge. It is surprising that this important perspective is not reflected in the reviewed IB models. This paper contributes to the literature base by proposing a new model highlighting IL and knowledge as important concepts within the IB discourse. Design/methodology/approach A discourse of the integration of IL and knowledge, which are integral factors, associated with IB, in selected IB models. Findings Identifying a need for information and understanding its context is an IL attribute. IL underpins IB in providing awareness of information sources; how to search and use information appropriately for solving information needs and leveraging generated new knowledge. The generation of new knowledge results from using information, in a process that combines with sense-making and adaption. Correspondingly, the knowledge that develops, increases capability for sense-making and adaptation of information to suit various contexts of need, iteratively. Originality/value A new model of IB; the causative and outcome factors of information behaviour (COFIB) is proposed. COFIB stresses that IL and knowledge are prominent factors within the general framework of people’s IB. The model emphasises knowledge generation as the outcome of IB, applied in solving problems within specific contexts.
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Widén-Wulff, Gunilla, Stefan Ek, Mariam Ginman, Reija Perttilä, Pia Södergård, and Anna-Karin Tötterman. "Information behaviour meets social capital: a conceptual model." Journal of Information Science 34, no. 3 (January 21, 2008): 346–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0165551507084679.
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Wojcik, Grzegorz M., and Wieslaw A. Kaminski. "Nonlinear Behaviour in the MPI-Parallelised Model of the Rat Somatosensory Cortex." Informatica 19, no. 3 (January 1, 2008): 461–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/informatica.2008.224.
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Sujana, MA, Dr Ir Janti G. "THE INFORMATION SEEKING BEHAVIOUR MODEL OF IPB UNIVERSITY STUDENTS BASED ON STRUCTURAL EQUATION MODELLING." Jurnal Pustakawan Indonesia 18, no. 1 (August 19, 2020): 33–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/jpi.18.1.33-41.
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The abundant of information on the internet has become a competitor for libraries as information service providers. Therefore to survive and thrive, the libraries must change and adopt to a rapidly evolving external environment. Understanding user information seeking behaviour is very useful for redesigning various services that suit to user needs. The objectives of this study were: 1). To analyze the characteristics of digital natives and digital immigrants of IPB University students related to their information seeking behaviour; 2). To develop a model of information seeking behaviour of both digital natives and digital immigrants of IPB University students based on structural equation modeling. The study was mainly quantitative and questionnaire was designed to study students’ information-seeking behaviour. The findings showed that the dominant behaviours and preferences of digital natives in their information seeking behaviour were influenced by environmental variables, especially the availability of information. For the information seeking behaviour variables of students, the dominant indicator were asking for printed and digital information to the lecturer. While for immigrant digital students their information seeking behaviour were dominantly influenced by environmental variables, especially the availability of information. The indicators for information seeking behaviour of digital immigrant student were dominated by asking printed information to friends, and requesting digital information to the lecturer. The success of getting information is dominant in the speed-of-getting-information indicator, both for digital natives and digital immigrant students.
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Inglis, Ian R., Steve Langton, Björn Forkman, and John Lazarus. "An information primacy model of exploratory and foraging behaviour." Animal Behaviour 62, no. 3 (September 2001): 543–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/anbe.2001.1780.
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Joseph, Pauline. "Australian motor sport enthusiasts’ leisure information behaviour." Journal of Documentation 72, no. 6 (October 10, 2016): 1078–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jd-12-2015-0150.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the leisure information behaviour of motor sport enthusiasts, examining: their information needs; their information seeking and sharing; what personal information they had; and their satisfaction with their information seeking and personal information management efforts. Design/methodology/approach This exploratory study examined participants’ information behaviour from a postpositivist and inductive research approach. An online survey was completed by 81 motor sport enthusiasts. The quantitative survey data were analysed using descriptive statistics, whilst the qualitative data were analysed using thematic coding. Findings The research findings highlighted that enthusiasts engaged in mixed serious leisure. They required information before, during and after race events, and sought this primarily from online sources, as well as from other individuals. Totally, 90 participants shared information about their interest in motor sport with family, friends and fellow enthusiasts, primarily via e-mails (69 per cent) and Facebook (49 per cent). They also gathered information about motor sport, including photographs and memorabilia. Participants were satisfied with their information management strategies for their personal collections. Research limitations/implications Participants were limited to motor sport enthusiasts in Australia, hence findings cannot be generalised more broadly. Practical implications Understandings of enthusiasts’ information behaviour provide information management professionals with insights to work with this user community. Originality/value This study fills a gap in the literature about leisure information behaviour of motor sport enthusiasts in Australia. It identifies and provides a typology of the 12 categories of information needed by enthusiasts. Provides a preliminary motor sport information behaviour model guided by the conceptual frameworks of the everyday life information seeking model; general models on information behaviour; and the information problem solving behaviour model.
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Karamizadeh, Sasan, Jafar Shayan, Mojtaba Alizadeh, and Atabak Kheirkhah. "Information Security Awareness Behavior : A Conceptual Model for Cloud." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMPUTERS & TECHNOLOGY 10, no. 1 (July 25, 2013): 1186–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/ijct.v10i1.3322.
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Cloud computing has changed the whole picture that distributed computing used to present such as Grid computing, server client computing. Despite Cloud offers great benefits, it also introduces a myriad of security threats to the information and data which is now being ported from on-premises to off-premises. These security threats must be overcome in order to get full benefit from this new computing exemplar. This paper identifies the importance of awareness behaviour in context of information security for cloud. We investigate four important factors of security awareness behaviour that should be considered when organisations intend to improve their security toward cloud computing environment based on awareness-focused programs. Finally we conclude that a well-structured awareness program that positively affect the level of self-efficacy, security practice care behaviour, security awareness technology behaviour and intention will improve the level of total information security in cloud computing environment
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Freeburg, Darin. "The Knowing Model: Facilitating Behaviour Change in Organisations." Journal of Information & Knowledge Management 18, no. 04 (December 2019): 1950040. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219649219500400.
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It is incumbent upon leadership to encourage member behaviour that is beneficial to both the organisation and the members themselves. This paper outlines a context-based model — utilising the existing theories and models in Knowledge Management, Library and Information Science, and Public Health — to increase leadership’s effectiveness in this area. The Knowing Model approaches behaviour change as an issue of information content, dissemination, and use — all within a complex environment. A behaviour — one that an organisation has unsuccessfully attempted to change in the past — is identified by leadership. Leaders then analyse the extent to which members were aware of these previous efforts, integrated information about them, and acted because of them. This data is used to develop an information campaign aimed at changing the target behaviour. Because organisations likely have several information dissemination channels available to them, this model is offered as a low-cost and low-resource first step in behaviour change efforts. It will not replace more extensive efforts noted in previous models, but because of its theoretical grounding it is expected to promote change in certain areas. Approaches requiring more extensive resources can then be applied to other areas. This paper outlines the Knowing Model, strategies for information dissemination, and methods for model implementation and validation.
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Mahindarathne, M. G. P. P., and Qingfei Min. "Developing a model to explore the information seeking behaviour of farmers." Journal of Documentation 74, no. 4 (July 9, 2018): 781–803. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jd-04-2017-0065.
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Purpose Generating an in-depth understanding of information needs and seeking behaviour is important both for restructuring existing agricultural information systems (ISs) and for creating new ISs. Many information seeking models have been developed over the years, most are narrowly focused on a specific role or discipline. However, no such specific model has been developed in reference to agriculture or an allied discipline. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to develop a model to explore the information seeking behaviour (ISB) of farmers. Design/methodology/approach The model proposed in this paper is based on Wilson’s model. The theoretical insights and empirical evidences comprehended at the study were embedded into Wilson’s model to develop a model that explores the ISB of farmers. The proposed model was quantitatively evaluated using empirical data gathered through a survey of 289 farmers. Furthermore, the model was qualitatively evaluated by subject experts against criteria of simplicity, comprehensiveness, exactness, generality and clarity. Findings The key finding of this study is the model developed to explore the ISB of farmers. The adapted model provides theoretical and empirical bases for exploring farmers’ ISBs. Thus, the model will be useful in developing valuable design insights to apply to user-centred agricultural ISs. Originality/value The originality of this study relates to its demonstration of how existing models can be reconsidered and adapted based on related literature and then tested and presented as adapted models. The proposed model will be useful to promote informational studies in agriculture.
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DINGA, Emil. "BEHAVIOUR AND INFORMATION ON FINANCIAL MARKET." Revista Economica 73, sp (December 30, 2021): 132–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.56043/reveco-2021-0050.
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Generally, the main three logical models of financial markets (Efficient Market Hypothesis – EMH, Adaptive Market Hypothesis – AMH, and even – partially – Behavioural Market Hypothesis – BMH) take for granted the idea that information drives behaviour, therefore, information is always the channel through the decision is taken, no matter whether such a decision is optimal or sub-optimal. The paper critically examines such an „axiom” and proposes a causally inversion of the relation, that is, it argues that (in the most part), in fact, behaviour drives information, To this end, a new typology of information as well as a new typology of information mixes available to the economic agent are provided and discussed. The research is conducted in a logical key, and the two main findings are: a) the informational-based model of financial market should be replaced by a behaviour-based one; b) the informational efficiency of financial market should be replaced by a behavioural efficiency one. The paper claims its origin and target from institutionalism and evolutionism in the microeconomic academic research.
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Olatokun, Wole Michael, and Enitan Ajagbe. "Analyzing traditional medical practitioners’ information-seeking behaviour using Taylor’s information-use environment model." Journal of Librarianship and Information Science 42, no. 2 (May 10, 2010): 122–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0961000610361556.
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Deja, Marek, and Dorota Rak. "Knowledge management and academic information behaviour." Aslib Journal of Information Management 71, no. 4 (July 15, 2019): 480–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ajim-09-2018-0219.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the influence of metaliteracy on collaborative and individual information behaviour (IB) among academic staff. The goal is to observe the impact of these competencies on knowledge management (KM) and IB in research tasks connected with the humanities and social sciences. Design/methodology/approach This paper presents an implementation of two combined frameworks into a study on the IB of academics: metacompetencies described by Mackey and Jacobson in the metaliteracy model and Burke’s triple-A model. By using the Dervin’s micro-moment time-line interview framework, authors try to observe the state of development of information literacy and other supportive competencies among younger lecturers and researchers. Findings Scientists develop patterns of collaborative behaviour based on seven metaliteracy areas in KM. Research limitations/implications The study did not include students and other groups related to the academic environment. Their involvement in information processes is a very wide issue and should be the subject of a separate article. Originality/value The paper contributes to research development in the area of information literacy as a KM efficiency factor. IB in this paper is a broad concept, in which the development of metaliteracy is an important aspect of lecturers’ and researchers’ KM and collaboration skills.
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Kostagiolas, Petros A., Charilaos Lavranos, Nikolaos Korfiatis, Joseph Papadatos, and Sozon Papavlasopoulos. "Music, musicians and information seeking behaviour." Journal of Documentation 71, no. 1 (January 12, 2015): 3–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jd-07-2013-0083.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine information seeking behaviour targeted to music information seeking by amateur musicians, accompanied with empirical evidence from a survey on a community concert band. While several studies in the literature have examined information seeking in the context of hedonic motives (e.g. entertainment oriented), music information can also be used for utilitarian purposes by providing amateur musicians the necessary tools to improve their skill and become better in their practice. Design/methodology/approach – A review of the literature on music information seeking and an empirical study on members of an amateur concert band are presented. The theoretical construct of the survey is informed by Wilsons’ macro model of information seeking behaviour. This is employed in order to understand information motives and needs, as well as obstacles in information seeking of musicians. Findings – Musicians seek information not only for entertainment but for educational purposes as well as for the acquisition of certain music works. The use of the internet for information seeking as well as the gradual adoption of online social networks has provided access to new musical resources within the digital music networks. Originality/value – A person-centred approach for information seeking behaviour is studied and adapted for musicians. The survey provides new information behaviour results for designers of music information spaces which in turn are creating a new model of the relationship between music and society.
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Keravnou, E. T., and L. Johnson. "Towards a generalized model of diagnostic behaviour." Knowledge-Based Systems 2, no. 3 (September 1989): 165–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0950-7051(89)90021-x.
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Hiamey, Stephen E., and Edem Amenumey. "A model for tourists' information search behaviour on Ghanaian cuisine." African Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management 1, no. 2 (December 31, 2019): 130–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.47963/ajthm.v1i2.142.
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The aim of this study is to explore the information-seeking behaviour of international tourists in relation to Ghanaian cuisine. The study employed both the origin and destination context to gain an understanding of international tourists’ local food information search process. A grounded theory approach was used for both data collection and analysis. A total of 40 in-depth interviews were conducted in the process. The paper shows that most international tourists do not search or engage in an adequate information search on local food before their journeys. The findings further reveal that contextual conditions such as tourist typology and repeat visit shape tourists’ level of knowledge on local food, which in turn affect the information search strategies adopted at the destination. It is concluded that international tourists visiting Ghana are generally ignorant of the local cuisine; therefore, the Ghana Tourism Authority should find innovative ways of getting information on local cuisine to tourists upon arrival into the country.
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Halilovic, Semina, and Muris Cicic. "Antecedents of information systems user behaviour – extended expectation-confirmation model." Behaviour & Information Technology 32, no. 4 (April 2013): 359–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0144929x.2011.554575.
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Lazarević, B., and V. Mišić. "Extending the entity-relationship model to capture dynamic behaviour." European Journal of Information Systems 1, no. 2 (March 1991): 95–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/ejis.1991.17.
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Abimannan, Satheesh, and Kumaravelu R. "A Mathematical Model of HMST Model on Malware Static Analysis." International Journal of Information Security and Privacy 13, no. 2 (April 2019): 86–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijisp.2019040106.
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Malware is a malicious software that can contaminate communication devices, where information can be lost, encrypting or deleting the sensitive data, altering or hijacking core computing activities and monitoring a user's computer activity without proper authorization. Analyzing the behavior of any new type of malware, that threatens the security of information is the challenging task. Previous studies and research has used static and dynamic based analysis. Althrough there are various methods to analysis the behaviour of the malware, the innovation of new technology lead to undesirable growth of malware. A procedure to analyze the characteristics and its nature is the need of the day. To mitigate this issue, malware specific procedures need to be evolved by analysing its behaviour. In this article, the authors present a heuristic-based malware static analysis testing (HMST) through a six step process including hash verification, PE structure analysis, packer signature analysis, entropy analysis, antivirus check and string analysis. Heuristic-based malware static analysis (MSA) depends on the six characterstics. The six characteristics sequence is quantified mathematially. Hash verification is presented as a dynamic function, PE structure analysis (PESA) as the functional string, Packer Signature (PS) by functional boundedness, Entropy Analysis (EA) with probability, antivirus check (AC) of the discrete lagorthm-bit representation and string analysis (SA) lies with the comutational complexity. Hence, an optimized string is proposed for transmitting securely. CFF Explorer, BinText, PeID, DIE and VirusTotal are used for analyzing the behavior of the samples in this study.
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Herbst, M., H. V. Gupta, and M. C. Casper. "Mapping model behaviour using Self-Organizing Maps." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions 5, no. 6 (December 4, 2008): 3517–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hessd-5-3517-2008.
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Abstract. Hydrological model evaluation and identification essentially depends on the extraction of information from model time series and its processing. However, the type of information extracted by statistical measures has only very limited meaning because it does not relate to the hydrological context of the data. To overcome this inadequacy we exploit the diagnostic evaluation concept of Signature Indices, in which model performance is measured using theoretically relevant characteristics of system behaviour. In our study, a Self-Organizing Map (SOM) is used to process the Signatures extracted from Monte-Carlo simulations generated by a distributed conceptual watershed model. The SOM creates a hydrologically interpretable mapping of overall model behaviour, which immediately reveals deficits and trade-offs in the ability of the model to represent the different functional behaviours of the watershed. Further, it facilitates interpretation of the hydrological functions of the model parameters and provides preliminary information regarding their sensitivities. Most notably, we use this mapping to identify the set of model realizations (among the Monte-Carlo data) that most closely approximate the observed discharge time series in terms of the hydrologically relevant characteristics, and to confine the parameter space accordingly. Our results suggest that Signature Index based SOMs could potentially serve as tools for decision makers inasmuch as model realizations with specific Signature properties can be selected according to the purpose of the model application. Moreover, given that the approach helps to represent and analyze multi-dimensional distributions, it could be used to form the basis of an optimization framework that uses SOMs to characterize the model performance response surface. As such it provides a powerful and useful way to conduct model identification and model uncertainty analyses.
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Herbst, M., H. V. Gupta, and M. C. Casper. "Mapping model behaviour using Self-Organizing Maps." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 13, no. 3 (March 18, 2009): 395–409. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-13-395-2009.
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Abstract. Hydrological model evaluation and identification essentially involves extracting and processing information from model time series. However, the type of information extracted by statistical measures has only very limited meaning because it does not relate to the hydrological context of the data. To overcome this inadequacy we exploit the diagnostic evaluation concept of Signature Indices, in which model performance is measured using theoretically relevant characteristics of system behaviour. In our study, a Self-Organizing Map (SOM) is used to process the Signatures extracted from Monte-Carlo simulations generated by the distributed conceptual watershed model NASIM. The SOM creates a hydrologically interpretable mapping of overall model behaviour, which immediately reveals deficits and trade-offs in the ability of the model to represent the different functional behaviours of the watershed. Further, it facilitates interpretation of the hydrological functions of the model parameters and provides preliminary information regarding their sensitivities. Most notably, we use this mapping to identify the set of model realizations (among the Monte-Carlo data) that most closely approximate the observed discharge time series in terms of the hydrologically relevant characteristics, and to confine the parameter space accordingly. Our results suggest that Signature Index based SOMs could potentially serve as tools for decision makers inasmuch as model realizations with specific Signature properties can be selected according to the purpose of the model application. Moreover, given that the approach helps to represent and analyze multi-dimensional distributions, it could be used to form the basis of an optimization framework that uses SOMs to characterize the model performance response surface. As such it provides a powerful and useful way to conduct model identification and model uncertainty analyses.
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Lavranos, Charilaos, Petros A. Kostagiolas, Konstantina Martzoukou, and Joseph Papadatos. "Music information seeking behaviour as motivator for musical creativity." Journal of Documentation 71, no. 5 (September 14, 2015): 1070–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jd-10-2014-0139.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the connection between musicians’ information seeking behaviour and the creative process in music, providing a framework for understanding the role of information needs satisfaction in musical creativity. A number of studies in information science literature have been carried out attempting to model cognitive, affective, behavioural and contextual factors associated with music information seeking behaviour. However, only few studies have addressed the relationship between information seeking behaviour and musical creative activities such as composition, performance and improvisation, listening and analysis. Design/methodology/approach – The focus of this paper is to provide a framework for the study of information seeking behaviour for the purposes of satisfying musical creativity information needs, combining the theoretical basis of an established model of information behaviour developed by Wilson and the theoretical perspectives of a music creative thinking model proposed by Webster. The key features of the two models are synthesized in a unified model of information seeking behaviour for musical creativity and enriched with research findings identified in the literature of both musical information seeking and musical creativity. Findings – The proposed conceptual framework offers an integrated interpretation of the combinations of information needs, information resources and environmental/personal barriers, which enable musical creativity. In the authors’ approach “musical creativity” is treated as a musician’s aim or ambition or drive for expression and is influenced by the way musicians seek information for that purpose. Therefore, musical creativity is an intentional behaviour which acts as motivator for information seeking and is affected by the available information and the musician’s information seeking profile. The current study include three important findings: first, the design and development of music library and information services for musical creativity; second, the development of music information literacy skills for creativity; and third, the information seeking behavioural perspective for universal musical creativity, and the implications for cultural musical heritage diffusion around the world. Originality/value – An integrated information seeking behaviour model which includes musical creativity is developed through the synthesis of two already existing approaches, that of Wilson for information seeking behaviour and that of Webster for creative thinking in music. The present conceptual study presents a three stage pattern or process for modelling information seeking for musical creativity: the process initiates with the intention-motivation for creativity, then proceeds to information seeking behaviour and then concludes with the musical creativity outcomes. This is the first study that seeks to understand the relationships between creativity and information seeking behaviour.
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Al-Wreikat, Asma, Pauline Rafferty, and Allen Foster. "Cross-language information seeking behaviour English vs Arabic." Library Review 64, no. 6/7 (September 7, 2015): 446–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/lr-04-2015-0044.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to report the results and the methods of a study which applied grounded theory to the information-seeking behaviour of social scientists when searching Arabic and English academic databases using both languages. Design/methodology/approach – The research applied the grounded theory approach using search experiments and semi-structured interviews. Think-aloud protocol during the experiment was used to capture the data from the subjects to allow a detailed analysis for the experiment. The semi-structured interviews followed each experiment and were analysed using the Strauss and Corbin (1990) version of the grounded theory, as were the think-aloud protocols. Findings – The results of the think-aloud protocols and the semi-structured interviews suggest that the information needs of the subjects varied depending on the language used. In addition, it was discovered that social scientists followed more tactics in searching the Arabic database for the same tasks searched in English during the experiment. This allowed more search strategies and search tactics to appear in seeking information in Arabic language. The study also proposed a model to account for the cross-language information-seeking behaviour. Research limitations/implications – This study identifies and compares the information-seeking behaviour of the social scientists in Jordanian universities in searching both Arabic and English academic databases. Therefore, the findings of this study cannot be generalized to other Arab countries, unless there was similar context. Originality/value – Few studies have investigated information-seeking behaviour using academic Arabic databases and proposed information-seeking behaviour models. No studies have compared information-seeking behaviour when using Arabic and English academic databases. The value of the current study arises by being the first study to identify and compare the information-seeking behaviour of social scientists by using grounded theory and proposing a cross-language information-seeking behaviour model.
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Byamukama, Willbroad, Mbarara Rebecca Kalibwani, and Businge Phelix Mbabazi. "Information System (Is) Models: Technology as a Service for Agricultural Information Dissemination in Developing Countries (Uganda). A Systematic Literature Review." International Journal of Scientific and Management Research 05, no. 04 (2022): 42–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.37502/ijsmr.2022.5404.
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This article summarizes the current literature by reviewing the concepts, applications, and development of technology adoption models and theories that are supported by the literature review, with the novelty technology’s prospective application being the main focus. These included but were not limited to, the concepts of Diffusion of Innovations (DIT) (Rogers, 1995), Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA) (Fishbein and Ajzen, 1995), and Diffusion of Innovations (DIT) (Rogers, 1995). Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) (Ajzen, 1985, 1991), Theory of Planned Behaviour, (Taylor and Todd, 1995), the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) (Davis, Bogozzi and Warshaw, 1989, Technology Acceptance Model two (TAM2) Venkatesh and Davis (2000), Technology Acceptance Model three (TAM3) Venkatesh and Bala (2008), Unified Theory of Acceptance Model (UTAUT) Venkatesh et al; 2012 and the Extended Unified Theory of Acceptance Model (UTAUT2) Venkatesh et al; 2016. These assessments can give some information on technology adoption levels and potential applications for future researchers to consider, recognize and comprehend the underlying technology models and ideas that will have an impact on the preceding, current, and future applications of technology adoption and agricultural information dissemination by smallholder rural farmers.
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Koloseni, Daniel Ntabagi, Chong Yee Lee, and Ming-Lee Gan. "Understanding Information Security Behaviours of Tanzanian Government Employees." International Journal of Technology and Human Interaction 15, no. 1 (January 2019): 15–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijthi.2019010102.
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This article investigates security behaviours of employees using the Health Belief Model (HBM) as a theoretical lens. Given the fact that previous studies on security behaviours paid much attention to conscious information security behaviours; this article extends the HBM to study both habitual or automatic security behaviours (security habit) and conscious security behaviours of Tanzanian government employees. A structural equation modelling (SEM) technique was used for data analysis. The study found that, the intentions of government employees to practice information security behaviour is influenced by perceived severity, perceived susceptibility, perceived barriers, and cues to action and security habits. Their intentions, however, is not affected by perceived benefits and self-efficacy. Further, an employee's intentions and security habits has a significant effect on actual security practice. Generally, the extended research model enriches the understanding of the role played by both conscious and habitual security behaviours on information security behaviours of employees.
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Chester, Verity, and Peter E. Langdon. "The clinical utility of social information processing theory in assessing and treating offenders with autism spectrum disorder." Advances in Autism 2, no. 4 (October 3, 2016): 154–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/aia-07-2016-0019.
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Purpose Social deficits are central within conceptualisations of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and separately linked to offending behaviour. Social problem-solving interventions are often used with offenders, but little research has examined the social information processing (SIP) skills of individuals with ASD and a history of criminal offending behaviours. The paper aims to discuss this issue. Design/methodology/approach This conceptual paper will introduce the SIP model, review SIP research as applied to those with ASD and in forensic populations, and further consider the relevance to the assessment and treatment of offenders with ASD. Findings Difficulties in all areas of the SIP model are noted in ASD and research suggests these difficulties may be directly linked to behaviour. Practical implications It is possible that identifying SIP abilities and deficits could improve the effectiveness of rehabilitation programmes for this group. Originality/value This paper reviews the utility of social information models in the offending behaviour of people with ASD.
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Jain, Nikita, Deepali Virmani, and Ajith Abraham. "Overlap Function Based Fuzzified Aquatic Behaviour Information Extracted Tsunami Prediction Model." International Journal of Distributed Systems and Technologies 10, no. 1 (January 2019): 56–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijdst.2019010105.
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Past natural hazards have produced numerous biological and physical indicators that can be used to predict similar instances in the future. These indicators can be sensed dynamically underwater or on land to generate real time alerts. This article proposes the first validated fuzzified system to predict tsunamis (FABETP) using an overlap-based algorithm. This proposed algorithm can predict seismicity based on underwater marine animal's anomalous behavior, characterized and implemented as biological indicators (i.e., aquatic animal behavioral attributes). Relevant information is extracted from these attributes and used to design fuzzy rules that generate opinion-based alerts. More precisely, the proposed algorithm, Overlap-based Fuzzified rated Marine Behavior, (OBF_MB), derives alert rules when executed on a sea turtle behavior dataset obtained from an online repository. The deployed underwater sensor-collected dataset includes the following measurements: induced electromagnetic field, undersea turtle count, and angle of deviation (in terms of the turtles' navigation direction formulated per month and per day). These values are used as the inputs to the proposed system. To generate an opinion, an information gain-based opinion score is used to calculate the opinion deviations from the generated opinions of the default rule. For future data values, 2004 is used here as the default opinion year and the scenarios is the default rule. This paper formulates three classes of opinions using the proposed algorithm: Alert, Pre-Alert and No-Alert. These opinions can be used in the future to generate real-time alerts based on aquatic animal behavior.
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Box, Debra, and Dalenca Pottas. "A Model for Information Security Compliant Behaviour in the Healthcare Context." Procedia Technology 16 (2014): 1462–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.protcy.2014.10.166.
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Soheili, Faramarz, Ali Akbar Khasseh, Afshin Mousavi Chelak, and Mohammad Tavakolizadeh-Ravari. "An evaluation of information behaviour studies through the Scholarly Capital Model." Learned Publishing 31, no. 2 (October 5, 2017): 121–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/leap.1129.
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Hyldegård, Jette. "Collaborative information behaviour––exploring Kuhlthau’s Information Search Process model in a group-based educational setting." Information Processing & Management 42, no. 1 (January 2006): 276–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ipm.2004.06.013.
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Du Plessis, Phillip J., and Michael J. Greenacre. "Modelling Information Search Behaviour of Car Purchasers." South African Journal of Psychology 19, no. 3 (September 1989): 138–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/008124638901900304.
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The objective in the study was to establish whether there was any relationship between certain information usage categories and four selected predictor variables namely (1) new or used car purchase, (2) other-than-white or white buyer, (3) male or female, and (4) first-time buyer or experienced buyer. Certain external sources of information (non-market dominated and market dominated) which are available to the buyer of a car and the development of a model of the probability of buyers using the source are investigated. The technique of ordinal logistic regression is assumed to be the appropriate modelling tool in this study where the response variables of interest are ordinal.
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Boschetti, Fabio, Karine Prunera, Mathew A. Vanderklift, Damian P. Thomson, Russell C. Babcock, Christopher Doropoulos, Anna Cresswell, and Hector Lozano-Montes. "Information-theoretic measures of ecosystem change, sustainability, and resilience." ICES Journal of Marine Science 77, no. 4 (June 19, 2019): 1532–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsz105.
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Abstract We introduce five measures describing the system-wide behaviour of complex ecological systems. Within an information-theoretic framework, these measures account for changes in both species diversity and total biomass to describe (i) overall system change, (ii) sustainability to external pressure, (iii) shift from a baseline state and two types of resilience: (iv) ability to recover from local pressures and (v) overall potential to return to a baseline state. We apply these measures to study the behaviour of three computer models: a large 59-functional groups complex ecological model (Ecopath with Ecosim) of north Western Australia undergoing internal dynamics, a smaller 6-group coral reef model subjected to various combinations of single and multiple stressors and a prey–predator model displaying limit cycles. We demonstrate the state-dependency of properties like resilience and sustainability by showing how these measures change in time as a function of internal dynamics and external forcing. Furthermore, we show how our proposed measures can simplify system analysis and monitoring by providing indicators of changes in system behaviour, sustainability, and resilience.
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Chamberlain, Trevor W., and Lewis D. Johnson. "Information and the Psychology of Investor Behaviour." Journal of Interdisciplinary Economics 5, no. 1 (January 1994): 55–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/02601079x9400500106.
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In behavioural psychology the relationship between the information provided by a stimulus and an individual’s reaction thereto is widely accepted as parabolic and commonly referred to as a Wundt curve. The present paper invokes this relationship in order to examine the apparent failure of the efficient markets model as a paradigm for describing security price behaviour. Discrepancies between the prices and intrinsic values of securities are explained in terms of the amount of information entering the price determination process, with the amount required for an efficient market found to have an interior solution. The social invention of the stock market provides a convenient meeting ground in which to study the nexus between the psychology of investor behaviour and the economics of asset pricing.
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Adewoyin, Oluwande, Janet Wesson, and Dieter Vogts. "The PBC Model: Supporting Positive Behaviours in Smart Environments." Sensors 22, no. 24 (December 8, 2022): 9626. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22249626.
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Several behavioural problems exist in office environments, including resource use, sedentary behaviour, cognitive/multitasking, and social media. These behavioural problems have been solved through subjective or objective techniques. Within objective techniques, behavioural modelling in smart environments (SEs) can allow the adequate provision of services to users of SEs with inputs from user modelling. The effectiveness of current behavioural models relative to user-specific preferences is unclear. This study introduces a new approach to behavioural modelling in smart environments by illustrating how human behaviours can be effectively modelled from user models in SEs. To achieve this aim, a new behavioural model, the Positive Behaviour Change (PBC) Model, was developed and evaluated based on the guidelines from the Design Science Research Methodology. The PBC Model emphasises the importance of using user-specific information within the user model for behavioural modelling. The PBC model comprised the SE, the user model, the behaviour model, classification, and intervention components. The model was evaluated using a naturalistic-summative evaluation through experimentation using office workers. The study contributed to the knowledge base of behavioural modelling by providing a new dimension to behavioural modelling by incorporating the user model. The results from the experiment revealed that behavioural patterns could be extracted from user models, behaviours can be classified and quantified, and changes can be detected in behaviours, which will aid the proper identification of the intervention to provide for users with or without behavioural problems in smart environments.
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Smirnov, Alexander, and Tatiana Levashova. "Scenario model of intelligent decision support based user digital life models." Information and Control Systems, no. 4 (September 13, 2021): 47–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.31799/1684-8853-2021-4-47-60.
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Introduction. In the decision support domain, the practice of using information from user digital traces has not been widespread so far. Earlier, the authors of this paper developed a conceptual framework of intelligent decision support based on user digital life models that was aimed at recommending decisions using information from the user digital traces. The present research is aiming at the development of a scenario model that implements this framework. Purpose: the development of a scenario model of intelligent decision support based on user digital life models and an approach to grouping users with similar preferences and decision-making behaviours. Results: A scenario model of intelligent decision support based on user digital life models has been developed. The model is intended to recommend to the user decisions based on the knowledge about the user decision-maker type, decision support problem, and problem domain. The scenario model enables to process incompletely formulated problems due to taking into account the preferences of users who have preferences and decision-making behaviour similar to the active user. An approach to grouping users with similar preferences and decision-making behaviours has been proposed. The approach enables to group users with similar preferences and decision-making behaviours based on the information about user behavioural segments that exist in various domains, behavioural segmentation rules, and user actions represented in their digital life models. Practical relevance: the research results are beneficial for the development of advanced recommendation systems expected to tracking digital traces.
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Dobrydnev, S. I., and T. S. Dobrydneva. "APPLYING CONSUMER BEHAVIOR MODEL TO THE STUFF LABOR MOTIVATION." Economics Profession Business, no. 2 (June 10, 2021): 44–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.14258/epb202121.
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The article appeals to the problem of designing motivation model for the labor behavior of company stuff. Human behavior is one of the key areas of research in many fields of knowledge. The main forms of human behavior in economics are consumer and labor behavior. For each of them, extensive theoretical and practical material has been developed, a significant variety of behaviors has been proposed. Moreover, in the absence of general models of human behavior that would be applicable in any field of his activity, each science develops its own methodological apparatus and builds models based on its own approaches. Models of consumer behavior describe a clearly defined object (purchasing act), are specific and practically oriented. Patterns of labour behaviour are more general and relate to conduct in general, but not to a specific act of activity. The article attempts to apply the principles of building models of consumer behavior to modeling labor behavior. The model of type “Definition of target actions — Stimulus selection — Information and desire — Choice and location — Check and preference — Confirmation and relation” is proposed. The content of these stages for the task of changing labor behavior is shown. A methodological feature of the model is the isolation of rational and emotional aspects in some elements of labor behavior.
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Wells, Victoria K. "Foraging: An ecology model of consumer behaviour?" Marketing Theory 12, no. 2 (April 10, 2012): 117–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1470593112441562.
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Foraging theory is a well established set of models and ideas in ecology, anthropology and behavioural psychology. Two areas of research, the behavioural ecology of consumption and information foraging, have made strides in the application of foraging theories in relation to consumption and related behaviours. These focus on online situations and restrictions in methodologies utilized allows application to only a small range of marketing problems. This paper broadens the application of these notions and introduces foraging ideas/terminology to a wider business and marketing audience by contextualizing and comparing with current research in marketing and related areas. The paper makes a number of suggestions for use of the foraging model in both academic and practitioner based environments. The paper ends with discussion of future research on the assembly and wider application of a foraging ecology model of consumer behaviour.
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González-Teruel, Aurora, and Margarita Pérez-Pulido. "The diffusion and influence of theoretical models of information behaviour. The case of Savolainen's ELIS model." Journal of Documentation 76, no. 5 (February 17, 2020): 1069–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jd-10-2019-0197.
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PurposeTo ascertain the diffusion and influence of Savolainen's ELIS model and its use as a theoretical and/or methodological basis for research.Design/methodology/approachA context citation analysis was made of the work where this researcher published his model. Analysis covered the year of publication, the type of work and the subject matter of the citing documents concerned. In-context citations were analysed for their frequency in each citing text, style, location and content cited.FindingsThe ELIS model received 18.5 cites/year. 20.2 per cent of them corresponded to papers published in journals in other areas, mainly computer science. The average of cites per paper was 1.8; 64.5 percent of the citing works cited them only once. 60 per cent of the cites were considered essential. Only 13.7 per cent of these cites appear in theory or methods. 37 per cent of the citing documents contained no concept relating to the model.Research limitations/implicationsThe method used focuses on the most direct context of a cite (sentence or paragraph), but isolates it from the general context (full document, other documents by the author or their social capital). It has, however, allowed this research issue to be dealt with under laboratory conditions and revealed nuances hidden by the absolute number of cites.Originality/valueIt has become evident that the dissemination and influence of the ELIS model are less than what the total number of cites indicates and that it has scarcely been incorporated into research design. Despite its popularity, it is not being validated and/or refuted by way of empirical data.
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Aguilera, Miguel. "Scaling Behaviour and Critical Phase Transitions in Integrated Information Theory." Entropy 21, no. 12 (December 5, 2019): 1198. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e21121198.
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Integrated Information Theory proposes a measure of conscious activity ( Φ ), characterised as the irreducibility of a dynamical system to the sum of its components. Due to its computational cost, current versions of the theory (IIT 3.0) are difficult to apply to systems larger than a dozen units, and, in general, it is not well known how integrated information scales as systems grow larger in size. In this article, we propose to study the scaling behaviour of integrated information in a simple model of a critical phase transition: an infinite-range kinetic Ising model. In this model, we assume a homogeneous distribution of couplings to simplify the computation of integrated information. This simplified model allows us to critically review some of the design assumptions behind the measure and connect its properties with well-known phenomena in phase transitions in statistical mechanics. As a result, we point to some aspects of the mathematical definitions of IIT that 3.0 fail to capture critical phase transitions and propose a reformulation of the assumptions made by integrated information measures.
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LIAO, C. M., S. H. YOU, and Y. H. CHENG. "Network information analysis reveals risk perception transmission in a behaviour-influenza dynamics system." Epidemiology and Infection 143, no. 1 (March 20, 2014): 23–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268814000430.
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SUMMARYInfluenza poses a significant public health burden worldwide. Understanding how and to what extent people would change their behaviour in response to influenza outbreaks is critical for formulating public health policies. We incorporated the information-theoretic framework into a behaviour-influenza (BI) transmission dynamics system in order to understand the effects of individual behavioural change on influenza epidemics. We showed that information transmission of risk perception played a crucial role in the spread of health-seeking behaviour throughout influenza epidemics. Here a network BI model provides a new approach for understanding the risk perception spread and human behavioural change during disease outbreaks. Our study allows simultaneous consideration of epidemiological, psychological, and social factors as predictors of individual perception rates in behaviour-disease transmission systems. We suggest that a monitoring system with precise information on risk perception should be constructed to effectively promote health behaviours in preparation for emerging disease outbreaks.
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Tanbo, Zhu, Wang Lei, and Wang Die. "Features of Group Online Learning Behaviours Based on Data Mining." International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Learning (iJET) 17, no. 04 (February 28, 2022): 34–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3991/ijet.v17i04.29583.
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With the development of information technology, how to scientifically and properly organizing and guiding learners to learn actively and efficiently has become a research subject for domestic and foreign scholars. However, existing research on online learning behaviours studied little about learning attitudes, learning preferences, student-student interaction, teacher-student interaction and so on. To this end, this paper studies the features of group online learning behaviours based on data mining. In this paper, a K-means-based group online learning behaviour feature selection model and an AdaBoost-based group online learning behaviour classification model were constructed, and the processing methods, execution processes and algorithm functions of the two models were described in detail. Finally, the effectiveness of the constructed models was verified through an experiment.
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McHugh, Elizabeth A., Janet G. Lenz, Robert C. Reardon, and Gary W. Peterson. "The Effects of Using a Model-Reinforced Video on Information-Seeking Behaviour." Australian Journal of Career Development 21, no. 1 (April 2012): 14–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/103841621202100103.
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Rak, Tomasz. "Modeling Web Client and System Behavior." Information 11, no. 6 (June 24, 2020): 337. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/info11060337.
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Web systems are becoming more and more popular. An efficiently working network system is the basis for the functioning of every enterprise. Performance models are powerful tools for performance prediction. The creation of performance models requires significant effort. In the article, we want to present various performance models of customer and Web systems. In particular, we want to examine a system behaviour related to different flow routes of clients in the system. Therefore we propose Queueing Petri Nets, the new modeling methodology for dealing with performance issues of production systems. We follow the simulation-based approach. We consider 25 different models to check performance. Then we evaluate them based on the proposed metrics. The validation results show that the model is able to predict the performance with a relative error lower than 20%. Our evaluation shows that prepared models can reduce the effort of production system preparation. The resulting performance model can predict the system behaviour in a particular layer at the indicated load.
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Trinh, Thanh-Trung, and Masaomi Kimura. "Cognitive prediction of obstacle's movement for reinforcement learning pedestrian interacting model." Journal of Intelligent Systems 31, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 127–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jisys-2022-0002.
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Abstract Recent studies in pedestrian simulation have been able to construct a highly realistic navigation behaviour in many circumstances. However, when replicating the close interactions between pedestrians, the replicated behaviour is often unnatural and lacks human likeness. One of the possible reasons is that the current models often ignore the cognitive factors in the human thinking process. Another reason is that many models try to approach the problem by optimising certain objectives. On the other hand, in real life, humans do not always take the most optimised decisions, particularly when interacting with other people. To improve the navigation behaviour in this circumstance, we proposed a pedestrian interacting model using reinforcement learning. Additionally, a novel cognitive prediction model, inspired by the predictive system of human cognition, is also incorporated. This helps the pedestrian agent in our model to learn to interact and predict the movement in a similar practice as humans. In our experimental results, when compared to other models, the path taken by our model’s agent is not the most optimised in certain aspects like path lengths, time taken and collisions. However, our model is able to demonstrate a more natural and human-like navigation behaviour, particularly in complex interaction settings.
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He, Jinhui, Huirong Zhang, Zhenyu Zhang, and Jiaping Zhang. "Probabilistic Linguistic Three-Way Multi-Attibute Decision Making for Hidden Property Evaluation of Judgment Debtor." Journal of Mathematics 2021 (May 3, 2021): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/9941200.
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Most law enforcement cases executed by the courts in China have behaviours of evading, evading, or even violently resisting execution or passively waiting for enforcement, which seriously affects the authority of legal judgments and the judiciary’s credibility. Therefore, we develop a hidden property evaluation model based on the probabilistic linguistic three-way multiattribute decision-making (PL3W-MADM) method. Considering the advantages of probabilistic linguistic term sets (PLTSs) expressing the evaluation information and their probabilities on judgment debtor given by expert judges, we extend the three-way decision method to a probabilistic linguistic environment and develop the strict PL3W-MADM model and flexible PL3W-MADM model. Then, the PL3W-MADM models are used to construct the hidden property evaluation model of judgment debtors. Finally, the developed hidden property evaluation model can quickly and effectively classify the judgment debtors into three categories: hidden behaviour, no hidden behaviour or lack of information, and temporary inability to judge. The results show that the developed model is more suitable for hidden property evaluation than the strict PL3W-MADM model and the flexible PL3W-MADM model.
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Lorenzo-Romero, Carlota, María-del-Carmen Alarcón-del-Amo, and José Alberto Crespo-Jareño. "AN EXPLANATORY MODEL OF THE ECOTOURISTS BEHAVIOUR: MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES FOR TOURISM SECTOR." E+M Ekonomie a Management 24, no. 3 (September 2021): 224–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.15240/tul/001/2021-3-013.
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Concern for the environment, which is of interest to academia, the business world and society in general, has meant the development of green marketing in the last half century. Environment can influence consumer behaviour and specifically the way tourists consume. The promotion of ecotourism, through information and communication, must be based on the identification of the different behaviour models to which marketing strategies are directed, according to needs, motivations, interests, expectations, behaviours and attitudes. The main research goal of this study is to determine the internal and external factors that influence the consumer behaviours identified as ecotourists, as well as the factors that shape their purchasing intentions. The theory of planned behaviour has shown its usefulness because its object (i.e., intention to perform a behaviour, taking into account that in the intentions are the factors that motivate the behaviour), through attitudes and beliefs, is the prediction and understanding of the way individuals behave. A model that facilitates the understanding of the ecological behaviour of ecotourists has been developed, starting from the value-belief-norm model towards the environment, to which a construct related to the theory of planned behaviour has been incorporated, in order to better understand the behaviour of ecotourists. The method used to analyse the causal model has been the structural equation modelling, and the sample used amounts to 403 ecotourists within a country characterized by the importance of tourism sector in its economic growing: Spain. The main result obtained indicates that the proposed model is useful to know the ecological behaviour of ecotourists. Specifically, it has been facilitated the knowledge of the factors that affect the intention to do ecotourism and to pay more to consume this type of activities. It could be useful for professionals of tourism sector to analyse and improve their ecological marketing strategies.
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Park, Joonyong, and Minsoo Shin. "The Impact of Information Ownership and Psychological Context on Employee Information Sharing Motivation." Journal of Information & Knowledge Management 19, no. 03 (August 14, 2020): 2050002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219649220500021.
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The purpose of this paper is to define a model to examine information sharing behaviour from a psychological ownership perspective in an organisation. The importance of psychological ownership is emphasised in various researches as the cause of the attitude and behaviour of individuals within an organisation, and many researchers have developed and expanded the concept of psychological ownership. Despite its importance, research that examines information sharing behaviour from a psychological ownership perspective is lacking, and the results of each research show conflicting positive and negative results. In order to explain such results, this study examined the concept of psychological ownership by subdividing it into intuition-based information ownership (IBIO) and reasoning-based information ownership (RBIO) based on the prospect theory (PT). Also using the structural equation model, we examined and verified the types of information factors (cost, profits, expertise and hobbies) as leading factors. The main findings have confirmed that IBIO and RBIO have a significant related effect (i.e. the positive effect, however, RBIO has a negative effect on enjoying helping others) on information sharing motivations (reputation, controlling, enjoying helping others and reciprocity). This study supports and expands the theories of psychological ownership and information sharing to aid in the understanding of information sharing within an organisation, and provides practical insights into situations of conflicts of interest regarding information sharing.
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Stokes, Peter, and Christine Urquhart. "Profiling information behaviour of nursing students: part 2: derivation of profiles." Journal of Documentation 71, no. 1 (January 12, 2015): 52–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jd-07-2013-0091.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to develop information behaviour profiles for nursing students, to help inform information literacy programmes. Design/methodology/approach – The methods include further analysis of quantitative findings (previously reported in part 1), together with qualitative research data collection and analysis. Critical incident type interviews with 11 students were transcribed and analysed using an interpretative categorisation method that used dendrograms for data display and analysis. From the regression analysis of the quantitative data, the micro-processes for information seeking were linked to learning styles, and then to personality traits to generate information seeking profiles. Integration of the qualitative findings led to development of a task-based information search model. Findings – The start list of seven categories for qualitative analysis (derived from a literature review) was refined (one category added, one removed, with some relabelling). The quantitative data analysis revealed seven profiles (deep adventurer, deep identifier, deep investigator, strategic all-rounder, strategic collector, surface co-ordinator, surface skimmer, each linked to a particular learning style, personality trait, and preferred information seeking micro-processes). Research limitations/implications – The data were collected at only one university and the profiles and the model need to be validated with data from other groups of nursing students. The findings on micro-processes consolidate and extend previous research. Practical implications – The profiles should inform information literacy programmes as they show that information search profiles may be more varied than assumed. The information search model extends previous task-based information search models. Originality/value – The information search profiles have not been identified previously.
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Schakner, Zachary A., Michael G. Buhnerkempe, Mathew J. Tennis, Robert J. Stansell, Bjorn K. van der Leeuw, James O. Lloyd-Smith, and Daniel T. Blumstein. "Epidemiological models to control the spread of information in marine mammals." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 283, no. 1844 (December 14, 2016): 20162037. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2016.2037.
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Socially transmitted wildlife behaviours that create human–wildlife conflict are an emerging problem for conservation efforts, but also provide a unique opportunity to apply principles of infectious disease control to wildlife management. As an example, California sea lions ( Zalophus californianus ) have learned to exploit concentrations of migratory adult salmonids below the fish ladders at Bonneville Dam, impeding endangered salmonid recovery. Proliferation of this foraging behaviour in the sea lion population has resulted in a controversial culling programme of individual sea lions at the dam, but the impact of such culling remains unclear. To evaluate the effectiveness of current and alternative culling strategies, we used network-based diffusion analysis on a long-term dataset to demonstrate that social transmission is implicated in the increase in dam-foraging behaviour and then studied different culling strategies within an epidemiological model of the behavioural transmission data. We show that current levels of lethal control have substantially reduced the rate of social transmission, but failed to effectively reduce overall sea lion recruitment. Earlier implementation of culling could have substantially reduced the extent of behavioural transmission and, ultimately, resulted in fewer animals being culled. Epidemiological analyses offer a promising tool to understand and control socially transmissible behaviours.