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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Information access'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 7 February 2022

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1

Robbin, Alice, and Martin David. "SIPP ACCESS: Information tools improve access to national longitudinal panel surveys." Reference and Adult Services Division (RASD) of the American Library Association, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/105545.

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SIPP ACCESS represents an innovation in providing services for statistical data. A computer-based, integrated information system incorporates both the data and information about the data. SIPP ACCESS systematically links the technologies of laser disk, mainframe computer, microcomputer, and electronic networks and applies relational technology to create great efficiencies and lower the costs of storing, managing, retrieving, and transmitting data and information about complex statistical data collections. This information system has been applied to national longitudinal panel surveys. The article describes the reasons why SIPP ACCESS was created to improve access to these complex surveys and provides examples of tools that facilitate access to information about the contents of these large data sets.
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Htun, Nyi Nyi. "Non-uniform information access in collaborative information retrieval." Thesis, Glasgow Caledonian University, 2017. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.738690.

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Sahay, Saurav. "Socio-semantic conversational information access." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/42855.

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The main contributions of this thesis revolve around development of an integrated conversational recommendation system, combining data and information models with community network and interactions to leverage multi-modal information access. We have developed a real time conversational information access community agent that leverages community knowledge by pushing relevant recommendations to users of the community. The recommendations are delivered in the form of web resources, past conversation and people to connect to. The information agent (cobot, for community/ collaborative bot) monitors the community conversations, and is 'aware' of users' preferences by implicitly capturing their short term and long term knowledge models from conversations. The agent leverages from health and medical domain knowledge to extract concepts, associations and relationships between concepts; formulates queries for semantic search and provides socio-semantic recommendations in the conversation after applying various relevance filters to the candidate results. The agent also takes into account users' verbal intentions in conversations while making recommendation decision. One of the goals of this thesis is to develop an innovative approach to delivering relevant information using a combination of social networking, information aggregation, semantic search and recommendation techniques. The idea is to facilitate timely and relevant social information access by mixing past community specific conversational knowledge and web information access to recommend and connect users with relevant information. Language and interaction creates usable memories, useful for making decisions about what actions to take and what information to retain. Cobot leverages these interactions to maintain users' episodic and long term semantic models. The agent analyzes these memory structures to match and recommend users in conversations by matching with the contextual information need. The social feedback on the recommendations is registered in the system for the algorithms to promote community preferred, contextually relevant resources. The nodes of the semantic memory are frequent concepts extracted from user's interactions. The concepts are connected with associations that develop when concepts co-occur frequently. Over a period of time when the user participates in more interactions, new concepts are added to the semantic memory. Different conversational facets are matched with episodic memories and a spreading activation search on the semantic net is performed for generating the top candidate user recommendations for the conversation. The tying themes in this thesis revolve around informational and social aspects of a unified information access architecture that integrates semantic extraction and indexing with user modeling and recommendations.
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Røstad, Lillian. "Access Control in Healthcare Information Systems." Doctoral thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for datateknikk og informasjonsvitenskap, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-5130.

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Access control is a key feature of healthcare information systems. Access control is about enforcing rules to ensure that only authorized users get access to resources in a system. In healthcare systems this means protecting patient privacy. However, the top priority is always to provide the best possible care for a patient. This depends on the clinicians having access to the information they need to make the best, most informed, care decisions. Care processes are often unpredictable and hard to map to strict access control rules. As a result, in emergency or otherwise unexpected situations, clinicians need to be able to bypass access control. In a crisis, availability of information takes precedence over privacy concerns. This duality of concerns is what makes access control in healthcare systems so challenging and interesting as a research subject. To create access control models for healthcare we need to understand how healthcare works. Before creating a model we need to understand the requirements the model should fulfill. Though many access control models have been proposed and argued to be suitable for healthcare, little work has been published on access control requirements for healthcare. This PhD project has focused on bridging the gap between formalized models and real world requirements for access control in healthcare by targeting the following research goals:RG1 To collect knowledge that forms a foundation for access control requirements in healthcare systems.RG2 To create improved access control models for healthcare systems based on real requirements.This PhD project has consisted of a number of smaller, distinct, but relatedprojects to reach the research goals. The main contributions can be summarized as:C1 Requirements for access control in healthcare: Studies performed onaudit data, in workshops, by observation and interviews have helped discoverrequirements. Results from this work include methods for access controlrequirements elicitation in addition to the actual requirements discovered.C2 Process-based access control: The main conclusion from the requirementswork is that access control should be tailored to care processes. Care processesare highly dynamic and often unpredictable, and access control needs to adaptto this. This thesis suggests how existing sources of process information, bothexplicit and implicit, may be used for this purpose.C3 Personally controlled health records (PCHR): This thesis explores theconsequences of making the patient the administrator of access control andproposes a model based on these initial requirements. From a performedusability study it is clear that the main challenge is how to keep the patientinformed about the consequences of sharing.
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5

Haseltine, Michael, Barbara Hutchinson, and Malchus B. Jr Backer. "Improving Access to Watershed Management Information." Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/296595.

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6

Hong, Myung-Ja. "Access to legal information in Korea." Thesis, City University London, 1992. http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/8261/.

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The aim of this project is to establish a desirable information environment adjusting to need and behaviour of legal professional in Korea. For this purpose, present situation of information sources in printed form and computerised systems were examined. Printed sources were evaluated based on commonly used criteria title by title. Operation of the two systems, LIRES and SCS, was described based on written documents and on interview with the system designers. Professional's attitudes toward legal information, information sources, and computerisation were surveyed. Responses made a distinction between groups of practitioners and professors to compare the results. Differences in attitudes towards library, information sources, and information seeking habits between two groups were identified. Capabilities of the computerised systems were analysed and compared with the potential users' needs and behaviours as found by the survey. Also, functions of the two systems were analysed by practical use of them, which was carried out by application of five legal questions to each system. According to the analysis, it was identified that the problem of search method which was a main factor of users' dissatisfaction with the printed information sources, could not be completely cleared up by the systems. For development of the information sources, improvement of search method of printed sources was suggested. Also, advancement of the two systems in the direction of utilisation of computer capacity for searching and of expansion of input data adjusting to potential users' needs was recommended. In addition, in order to maximise the use of the two systems, integration of them, by connecting them to the Dacom-Net, and then to the distributed database system as an efficient interface was recommended. The configuration required of such an interface was demonstrated by the example of an experimental system, CONIT.
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Beasley, Claire. "Environmental information : issues of access, policy and information resources management." Thesis, City University London, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.268953.

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8

Landry, Patrice. "Informationslandschaft Europa / European Information Subject Access Panorama." Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2005. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:swb:ch1-200500625.

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Patrice Landry von der Schweizerischen Landesbibliothek, Bern, berichtete über „The recent history of European cooperation: from the ‚need‘ to cooperate to the ‚will‘ to cooperate“. Er zeichnete kurz die letzten 25 Jahre verbaler Sacherschließung in den USA und den europäischen Ländern nach, die im 21. Jahrhundert in das Projekt MACS mündete. MACS wird es beispielsweise einem englischsprachigen Benutzer gestatten, seine Suchanfrage englisch einzugeben und Erträge über international verlinkte vielsprachige Suchformulierungen zu bekommen.
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Landry, Patrice. "Informationslandschaft Europa / European Information Subject Access Panorama." Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2007. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:swb:ch1-200701289.

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Das Original-Dokument wurde in das Format pdf umgewandelt. Patrice Landry von der Schweizerischen Landesbibliothek, Bern, berichtete über „The recent history of European cooperation: from the ‚need‘ to cooperate to the ‚will‘ to cooperate“. Er zeichnete kurz die letzten 25 Jahre verbaler Sacherschließung in den USA und den europäischen Ländern nach, die im 21. Jahrhundert in das Projekt MACS mündete. MACS wird es beispielsweise einem englischsprachigen Benutzer gestatten, seine Suchanfrage englisch einzugeben und Erträge über international verlinkte vielsprachige Suchformulierungen zu bekommen.
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Stenbakk, Bjørn-Erik Sæther, and Gunnar René Øie. "Role-Based Information Ranking and Access Control." Thesis, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Department of Computer and Information Science, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-9236.

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This thesis presents a formal role-model based on a combination of approaches towards rolebased access control. This model is used both for access control and information ranking. Purpose: Healthcare information is required by law to be strictly secured. Thus an access control policy is needed, especially when this information is stored in a computer system. Roles, instead of just users, have been used for enforcing access control in computer systems. When a healthcare employee is granted access to information, only the relevant information should be presented by the system, providing better overview and highlighting critical information stored among less important data. The purpose of this thesis is to enable efficiency and quality improvements in healthcare by using IT-solutions that address both access control and information highlighting. Methods: We have developed a formal role model in a previous project. It has been manually tested, and some possible design choices were identified. The project report pointed out that more work was required, in the form of making design choices, implementing a prototype, and extending the model to comply with the Norwegian standard for electronic health records. In preparing this thesis, we reviewed literature about the extensions that we wanted to make to that model. This included deontic logic, delegation and temporal constraints. We made decisions on some of the possible design choices. Some of the topics that were presented in the previous project are also re-introduced in this thesis. The theories are explained through examples, which are later used as a basis for an illustrating scenario. The theory and scenario were used for requirement elicitation for the role-model, and for validating the model. Based on these requirements a formal role-model was developed. To comply with the Norwegian EHR standard the model includes delegation and context based access control. An access control list was also added to allow for patients to limit or deny access to their record information for any individual. To validate the model, we implemented parts of the model in Prolog and tested it with data from the scenario. Results: The test results show rankings for information and controls access to it correctly, thus validating the implemented parts of the model. Other results are a formal model, an executable implementation of parts of the model, recommendations for model design, and the scenario. Conclusions: Using the same role-model for access control and information ranking works, and allows using flexible ways to define policies and information needs.

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Kang, Jong Hee. "Location-aware information access through wireless networks /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/6878.

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Cöster, Rickard. "Algorithms and representations for personalised information access /." Kista : Department of Computer and Systems Sciences, Stockholm University, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-419.

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Lodhi, Huma Mahmood. "Learning methodologies for information access and representation." Thesis, Royal Holloway, University of London, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.402179.

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Bejjani, Ghassan J. "Information storage and access in decisionmaking organizations." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/15142.

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Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil Engineering, 1985.
MICROFICHE COPY AVAILABLE IN ARCHIVES AND ENGINEERING
Bibliography: leaves 92-94.
by Ghassan J. Bejjani.
M.S.
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15

Cöster, Rickard. "Algorithms and Representations for Personalised Information Access." Doctoral thesis, SICS, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ri:diva-20971.

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Personalised information access systems use historical feedback data, such as implicit and explicit ratings for textual documents and other items, to better locate the right or relevant information for individual users. Three topics in personalised information access are addressed: learning from relevance feedback and document categorisation by the use of concept-based text representations, the need for scalable and accurate algorithms for collaborative filtering, and the integration of textual and collaborative information access. Two concept-based representations are investigated that both map a sparse high-dimensional term space to a dense concept space. For learning from relevance feedback, it is found that the representation combined with the proposed learning algorithm can improve the results of novel queries, when queries are more elaborate than a few terms. For document categorisation, the representation is found useful as a complement to a traditional word-based one. For collaborative filtering, two algorithms are proposed: the first for the case where there are a large number of users and items, and the second for use in a mobile device. It is demonstrated that memory-based collaborative filtering can be more efficiently implemented using inverted files, with equal or better accuracy, and that there is little reason to use the traditional in-memory vector approach when the data is sparse. An empirical evaluation of the algorithm for collaborative filtering on mobile devices show that it can generate accurate predictions at a high speed using a small amount of resources. For integration, a system architecture is proposed where various combinations of content-based and collaborative filtering can be implemented. The architecture is general in the sense that it provides an abstract representation of documents and user profiles, and provides a mechanism for incorporating new retrieval and filtering algorithms at any time. In conclusion this thesis demonstrates that information access systems can be personalised using scalable and accurate algorithms and representations for the increased benefit of the user.
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Nandram, Winsome. "Information Security and Wireless : alternate approaches for controlling access to critical information /." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2004. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion/04Sep%5FNandram.pdf.

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Jones, David. "Improving engineering information access and knowledge discovery through model-based information navigation." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1983/2d1c1535-e582-41fd-a6f6-cc1178c21d2a.

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An organisation's data, information, and knowledge is widely considered to be one of its greatest assets. As such, the capture, storage and dissemination of this asset is the focus of both academic and organisational efforts. This is true at the Airbus Group, the industrial partner of this thesis. Their Knowledge Management team invests in state-of-the-art tools and techniques, and actively participates in research in a bid to maximise their organisation's reuse of knowledge and ultimately their competitiveness. A successful knowledge management strategy creates a knowledgeable and wise workforce that ultimately benefits both the individual and the organisation. The dissemination of information and knowledge such that it is easily and readily accessible is one key aspect within such a strategy. Search engines are a typical means for information and knowledge dissemination yet, unlike the Internet, search within organisations (intranet or enterprise search) is frequently found lacking. This thesis contributes to this area of knowledge management. Research in the field of enterprise search has been shown to improve search through the application of context to expand search queries. The novel approach taken in this thesis takes this context and applies it visually, moving the search for information away from a text-based user interface towards a user interface that reflects the function and form of the product. The approach: model-based information navigation, is based on the premise that leveraging the visual and functional nature of engineers through a model-based user interface can improve information access and knowledge discovery. From the perspectives of information visualisation, engineering information management, product life-cycle management, and building information modelling, this thesis contributes through: The development of techniques that enable documents to be indexed against the product structure; The development of techniques for navigation within engineering three-dimensional virtual environments; The design of a range visual information object for the display of information within engineering three-dimensional virtual environments; The determination of the affordance of a model-based approach to information navigation. This thesis presents the development of a framework for model-based information navigation: a novel approach to finding information that places a three-dimensional representation of the product at the heart of searching document collections.
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Haider, Jutta. "Open access and closed discourses : constructing open access as a 'development' issue." Thesis, City University London, 2008. http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/8589/.

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This thesis investigates the connection between open access - the free online availability and distribution of scientific and scholarly publications - and the 'developing world' from a post-development perspective. It takes a discourse analytical approach, drawing predominantly on Michel Foucault's understanding in discourse. It aims to answer the following questions: - Which notions of science, of development and progress, of knowledge as well as of information and technology are capitalised on in the open access debates and in which way are they shaped as a consequence? - Which discursive effects can be established, what are the results and of which kind are they? The thesis is divided into six chapters, chapters 2 to 5 are grouped into two parts. In the introduction (chapter 1) the general problem space is outlined, the connection between the open access movement and the 'developing world' is established; the research approach is briefly sketched, followed by a presentation of the research questions. Furthermore, the relevance of the study for Library and Information Science is discussed. Chapter 2 introduces the notion of discourse. It contains a discussion of the Foucauldian concept of discourse in relation to the notions of knowledge, truth, and power, as well as resistance, governmentality, and pastoral power. The manifestation of discourse in language is discussed with reference to Michel pecheux. The way in which discourses are dispersed unevenly in society is examined. It concludes with a presentation of the concept of the discursive procedure, which forms the basis for the analyses. Chapter 3 introduces post-development theory, specifically focusing on development discourse. It presents and problematises the concept of devt;lopment, of poverty and ignorance, as well as of science. The historical foundations of dev~lopmentdiscourse and the role of science and technology in it are examined. Chapter 4 investigates the representation of open access in its relation to development. It is based on a corpus consisting of 38 articles and similar publications and 5 statements and declarations. The latter are also examined from a genre perspective. The following discursive procedures are identified: (1) Leaving a blank or defining the undefinable: 111e elusiveness of the 'developing world', (2) Technologism and technological determinism, (3) Economism, (4) Scientific centralism and scientism, (5) Temporal distancing. It concludes with a discussion of the guiding metaphor, the divide. Chapter 5 investigates how open access is debated in the context of development. It draws on a two-week long email debate organised by a development institution in 2006. 146 postings by 49 participants are included in the analysis. The following discursive procedures are identified: (1) Technologism, (2) The role of the profession: mediation, translation, and control, (3) Rural people and the lack of education, (4) Developmentalism and antidev~ lopmentalism: Positioning oneself in and against development. It concludes with a discussion of the guiding metaphor, the barrier, as well as ofidentity construction. The concluding chapter 6 is concerned with providing a sum-up of the analyses with a view to answering the research questions. It considers a possible future for the open access movement in its relation to the 'developing world' and concludes with a brief discussion of issues relevant for future research. The main findings suggest that the 'developing world' is constructed around the coordinates provided by mainstream development thought. Open access is inserted into its discursive repertoire as a problem of development, a tool for its delivery, and its measure. The dominant understanding of information adheres to a sender/receiver model. However, ruptures occur in significant places. This requires a partial re-positioning of the way in which development is framed and of open access' role in it.
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Ponce, Ana F. "College Knowledge| How Immigrant Latino Parents Access Information." Thesis, Loyola Marymount University, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3560450.

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Among ethnic groups in California, Latinos continue to have the lowest high school graduation rates and the lowest college completion rates. This study focused on understanding the role parents can play and ways schools and educators can support immigrant Latino parents to improve these rates.

Framed with a funds of knowledge approach (Gonzalez, N., Moll, L., & Amanti, C.,2005), this mixed-methods qualitative and quantitative study was conducted in a public charter high school in a low income area of Los Angeles where the student body was primarily Latino. The mission of the school was to prepare students for higher education at a four-year institution.

The study results showed that it is possible for a school to engage immigrant Latino parents. With a better understanding of the aspirations, fears, and challenges faced by this community, the information can be provided in a form that is meaningful and that builds upon existing funds of knowledge. Critical components of the college outreach program were seeking parent input, developing a parent outreach plan, making information accessible, encouraging parent college visits, disseminating information beginning in middle school, providing personalized guidance, developing an undocumented student support plan, and creating a college-going culture. Implementing the the college access program encompassed gathering informal and formal feedback, presenting workshops, making documents available in Spanish as well as English, defining terms, arranging college visits, sending and displaying motivating communications, and engaging staff, students, and parents every step of the way.

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Serif, Tacha. "The mobile information access experience : a user perspective." Thesis, Brunel University, 2006. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/7137.

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Mobile technologies, such as mobile phones, smartphones and Palmtop computers, are in an upwards trend and earliest models of such devices are already available to end-users to communicate and access multimedia content on-the-move. As a logical outcome of this development in mobile technologies and devices, content provider companies have already started investing and piloting mobile multimedia content distribution and broadcasting technologies. Nevertheless, no matter how cutting-edge technology is and no matter how stylish the mobile devices are, the ultimate success of wireless communication technologies and devices are directly associated with the user adoption and embrace of these new equipment and technologies. In this perspective, since multimedia content, for mobile or not, is ultimately produced for the education and/or enjoyment of viewers, the user's perspective concerning the presentation quality is surely of equal importance as objective Quality of Service (QoS) technical parameters, to defining distributed multimedia quality. In order to comprehensively understand user experiences whilst accessing information using mobile devices and technologies, we investigate user-mobile device interaction and look into the surrounding issues in a uniform manner by combining multiple aspects: user initial device experience (Out-of-Box Experience), mobile information access in a real-world context, device impact on user information access and perceptually tailored multimedia content impact on user information assimilation and satisfaction. Accordingly, an extensive experimental investigation has been undertaken to see how user experiences varied based on device familiarity, device type, real-world context and variable locations. The findings has shown that the overall perception, and effectively the user information access experience, is affected and improved when multimedia content is tailored according to user device type and context. Thus highlights that the future of mobile computing necessitates two-faceted research, which should combine both a user as well as a technical perspective.
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Villa, Fermo Robert. "A framework for implicit communication in information access." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.402753.

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Chang, Tae-Young. "User-activity aware strategies for mobile information access." Diss., Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/22595.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008.
Committee Chair: Raghupathy Sivakumar; Committee Member: Chuanyi Ji; Committee Member: George Riley; Committee Member: Magnus Egerstedt; Committee Member: Umakishore Ramachandran.
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CARVALHO, DANIEL RIBEIRO DE SOUZA. "ACCESS TO INFORMATION, PUBLIC OPINION AND POLITICAL INCENTIVES." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2004. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=5200@1.

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COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIOR
Neste trabalho é desenvolvida uma teoria sobre como a opinião pública influencia as decisões de política econômica implementadas por governantes em uma economia. Mostra-se que a distribuição na população do acesso à informação a respeito das decisões dos governantes pode ter grande impacto sobre a forma como a opinião pública influencia essas decisões. Busca-se assim explicar como diferenças na maneira pela qual a informação a respeito das decisões dos governantes é difundida na população de uma economia podem gerar importantes mudanças nas decisões de política econômica nela implementadas. A análise é apresentada a partir de um modelo de career concern onde governantes tomam decisões de política econômica envolvendo um conflito de interesses entre grupos que observam imperfeitamente suas decisões. Os resultados obtidos permitem explicar o fato aparentemente contraditório de determinados países da América Latina apresentarem simultaneamente um favorecimento arraigado de grupos abastados por parte da estrutura de gastos públicos e uma alta incerteza associada às decisões de política econômica. Eles também permitem se propor um canal explicando como a distribuição do acesso à informação sobre os governantes pode reduzir a taxa de crescimento de uma economia e assim limitar seu desenvolvimento. Ressalta-se então a importância das instituições políticas e do comportamento da imprensa para países em desenvolvimento.
A theory explaining how public opinion may impact the choice of economic policies made by incumbents is developed in this work. Mentioned impact it s shown to be influenced in important ways by the distribution of access to information about incumbent s choices in the population. Thus, the importance of that distribution for economic policies chosen by politicians in an economy is highlighted. The analysis is based on a career concern model where incumbents choose an economic policy involving conflicting interests among voters who are imperfectly informed about their decisions. Based on the obtained results, an explanation for a fact observed in many Latin American countries it s provided. In those countries, although wealthier groups of society are systematically favored by governmental spending, there is a high degree of uncertainty associated with economic policies chosen by governments. A mechanism explaining how the distribution of access to information about incumbent s choices can hinder economic growth and development in an economy is also presented. The analysis suggests that media behavior and the design of political institutions are important factors for the economic development of developing countries.
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Chakravarthy, Anil S. "Information access and retieval with semantic background knowledge." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/61087.

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Roling, Sebastian. "Transparency & Access to information in South Africa: an evaluation of the Promotion of Access to Information Act 2 of 2000." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/4730.

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Publishing, Government. "GPO Access: General Searching Instructions." U.S Government Printing Office, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/105921.

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The information on this page will help you to understand the basic concepts involved in searching for documents on GPO Access. It contains general instructions, covering topics such as how to construct a query and how to interpret a results list. For specific instructions on how to use a particular database, as well as sample searches, please consult the Search Tips for that database. Search Tips are available from the main search page for each database and from the GPO Access Databases page.
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Ahlström, Henrik, and Karl-Johan Skoglund. "Encryption in Delocalized Access Systems." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Science and Technology, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-10528.

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The recent increase in performance of embedded processors has enabled the use of computationally heavy asymmetric cryptography in small and power efficient embedded systems. The goal of this thesis is to analyze whether it is possible to use this type of cryptography to enhance the security in access systems.

This report contains a literature study of the complications related to access systems and their functionality. Also a basic introduction to cryptography is included.

Several cryptographic algorithms were implemented using the public library LibTomCrypt and benchmarked on an ARM7-processor platform. The asymmetric coding schemes were ECC and RSA. The tested symmetric algorithms included AES, 3DES and Twofish among others. The benchmark considered both codesize and speed of the algorithms.

The two asymmetric algorithms, ECC and RSA, are possible to be used in an ARM7 based access system. Although, both technologies can be configured to finish the calculations within a reasonable time-frame of 10 Sec, ECC archives a higher security level for the same execution time. Therefore, an implementation of ECC would be preferable since it is faster and requires less resources. Some further suggestions of improvements to the implementation is discussed in the final chapters.

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Sevinç, Paul E. "Securing information by controlling access to data in documents /." Zürich : ETH, 2007. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/show?type=diss&nr=17161.

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Head, Milena M. "User interface features, facilitating information access and decision making." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape10/PQDD_0007/NQ42743.pdf.

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Head, Milena M. "User interface features : facilitating information access and decision making /." *McMaster only, 1997.

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31

Canepi, Kitti 1955. "Information access through electronic databases for rural public libraries." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/278522.

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Electronic databases allow rural libraries to expand information access beyond the limits of their material collection. How are these libraries to know which databases best meet the needs of their clientele? Research done at the onset of this project revealed no previous studies on the ability of databases to answer real questions. In this study, public library patron questions received by the Arizona State Reference Center were searched on ten different databases recommended in William Katz's Introduction to Reference Work, 6th edition, and available through DIALOG Online Services. Given the limitations and exploratory nature of this study, the results indicate that of the databases tested, the set of Books in Print, Magazine Database, ABI/INFORM, PAIS, and GPO Publications could qualify as a set of databases that would enable rural public library staff to find sources for 90% of the patron requests for information not found within the library.
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Fisher, Michelle Jayne. "Anticipating and adjusting to users : experiments in information access." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.407276.

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Howes, Matthew K. J. 1976. "Issues concerning an assisted-access information model for Africa." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/36100.

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Thesis (S.B. and S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2000.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 83-86).
The majority of people in developing countries are without information access, despite the significant potential this access has to improve their standard of living and to enable local efforts at environmental conservation and participatory government. This thesis seeks to identify a practical means of overcoming the current lack of information access in developing country contexts by examining the utility and practicality of information specialists as a medium for accessing information (an assisted-access model). To this end, this thesis is broken into two major sections. The first section is an introduction to the assisted-access model, with a general overview of the issues and obstacles involved in the African context. The second section is a project proposal towards evaluating and implementing this model in a developing country context. It was found that although there exists substantial barriers to the implementation of information provision services at the local level. these obstacles can be mitigated or reduced through proper needs assessment, design and operation of the kiosk. To this end. further study is necessary to verify the effectiveness of the model and identify obstacles. This evaluation could be undertaken on a limited scale by providing assisted-access services from existing telecenters.
by Matthew K.J. Howes.
S.B.and S.M.
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Casado, Casado Lucía. "Access to environmental information in Spain: lights and shadows." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2013. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/115857.

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This paper analyses the body of law governing the right to access environmental information in Spain, paying particular attention to law 27/2006, of July 18th, which regulates the right of access to information, public participation and access to justice on environmental issues. The analysis focuses on both the active aspects of access to environmental information (the obligation that the public authorities have to collect and communicate environmental information) and the passive aspects (the right to request access to environmental information). Particular attention is paid to the advances made by this legislation and its possible implications, but no attempt is made to conceal the problems of application that it still has to face and the pending challenges.
Este trabajo analiza el régimen jurídico del derecho de acceso ala información ambiental en España, realizando un análisis minucioso de su regulación, actualmente contenida en la ley 27/2006, de 18 de julio, por la que se regulan los derechos de acceso a la información, de participaciónpública y de acceso a la justicia en materia de medio ambiente. Se analiza tanto la vertiente activa del acceso a la información ambiental (la obligación de recogida y difusión de información ambiental por parte de las autoridades públicas) como su vertiente pasiva (el derecho de acceso a la información ambiental previa solicitud), destacándose los avances que ha supuesto esta legislación y sus virtualidades, pero sin ocultar los problemas de aplicación a que todavía se enfrenta y los retos pendientes.Este trabajo se ha realizado en el marco del proyecto de investigación «Derecho ambiental y libertadde servicios en el mercado interior: nuevos retos, transformaciones y oportunidades» (DER2010-19343), financiado por el Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad de España.
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Loenen, B. van. "Developing geographic information infrastructures the role of information policies /." Delft : DUP Science, 2006. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/85357223.html.

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Tercero, Vargas Miurel. "Topics in Dynamic Spectrum Access : Market Based Spectrum Sharing and Secondary User Access in Radar Bands." Licentiate thesis, KTH, Kommunikationssystem, CoS, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-33791.

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The steady growth in demand for spectrum has increased research interest in dynamic spectrum access schemes. This thesis studies some challenges in dynamic spectrum access based on two strategies: open sharing and hierarchical access. (1) In the open sharing model, the channels are allocated based on an auction process, taking into account the propagation characteristics of the channels, termed as channel heterogeneity. Two distributed dynamic spectrum access schemes are evaluated, sequential and concurrent. We show that the concurrent accessmechanismperforms better in terms of channel utilization and energy consumption, especially in wireless cellular network with an energy constraint. (2) In the hierarchical model, we assess the opportunities for secondary access in the radar band at 5.6GHz. The primary user is a meteorological radar and WLANs are the secondary users. The secondary users implement an interference protection mechanism to protect the radar, such that the WLAN’s transmission is regulated by an interference threshold. We evaluate the aggregate interference caused to the radar from multiple WLANs transmitting. We derive a mathematicalmodel to approximate the probability distribution function of the aggregate interference at the primary user, considering two cases: when secondary users are homogeneously distributed, and when they are heterogeneously distributed. The heterogeneous distribution of secondary users is modeled using an annulus sector with a higher density, called a hot zone. Finally, we evaluate opportunities for secondary access when WLANs employ an interference protection mechanism that considers the radar’s antenna pattern, such that temporal opportunities for transmission exist. The analytical probability distribution function of the interference is verified showing a good agrement with a Monte Carlo simulation. We show that the aggregate interference is sensitive to the propagation environment, thus in the rural case interference is more severe when compared to the urban case. In the evaluation of the hot zonemodel, we observe that the heterogenous distribution of secondary users has impact on the aggregate interference if the hot zone is near to the radar. The mathematical framework presented in this thesis can easily be adapted to assess interference to other types of primary and secondary users.
QC 20110523
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Yarosh, Jerrod Henry. "A Study of Information Technology: Who Uses the Internet for Access to Health Information." [Kent, Ohio] : Kent State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=kent1253899325.

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Thesis (M.A.)--Kent State University, 2009.
Title from PDF t.p. (viewed April 1, 2010). Advisor: Susan Roxburgh. Keywords: College Students; Technology; Internet Access; Internet Use; Health; Health Information. Includes bibliographical references (p. 75-77)
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Iris, Ma Mei-wah. "A review of the access to information policy in Hong Kong." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1998. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B19709717.

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Ferreira, Ana. "Modelling access control for healthcare information systems : how to control access through policies, human processes and legislation." Thesis, University of Kent, 2010. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.529399.

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The introduction of Electronic Medical Records (EMR) within healthcare organizations has the main goal of integrating heterogeneous patient information that is usually scattered over different locations. However, there are some barriers that impede the effective integration of EMR within the healthcare practice (e.g., educational, time/costs, security). A focus in improving access control definition and implementation is fundamental to define proper system workflow and access. The main objectives of this research are: to involve end users in the definition of access control rules; to determine which access control rules are important to those users; to define an access control model that can model these rules; and to implement and evaluate this model. Technical, methodological and legislative reviews were conducted on access control both in general and the healthcare domain. Grounded theory was used together with mixed methods to gather users experiences and needs regarding access control. Focus groups (main qualitative method) followed by structured questionnaires (secondary quantitative method) were applied to the healthcare professionals whilst structured telephone interviews were applied to the patients. A list of access control rules together with the new Break-The-Glass (BTG) RBAC model were developed. A prototype together with a pilot case study was implemented in order to test and evaluate the new model. A research process was developed during this work that allows translating access control procedures in healthcare, from legislation to practice, in a systematic and objective way. With access controls closer to the healthcare practice, educational, time/costs and security barriers of EMR integration can be minimized. This is achieved by: reducing the time needed to learn, use and alter the system; allowing unanticipated or emergency situations to be tackled in a controlled manner (BTG) and reducing unauthorized and non-justified accesses. All this helps to achieve a faster and safer patient treatment.
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Ferrés, Domènech Daniel. "Knowledge-based and data-driven approaches for geographical information access." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/461635.

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Geographical Information Access (GeoIA) can be defined as a way of retrieving information from textual collections that includes the automatic analysis and interpretation of the geographical constraints and terms present in queries and documents. This PhD thesis presents, describes and evaluates several heterogeneous approaches for the following three GeoIA tasks: Geographical Information Retrieval (GIR), Geographical Question Answering (GeoQA), and Textual Georeferencing (TG). The GIR task deals with user queries that search over documents (e.g. ¿vineyards in California?) and the GeoQA task treats questions that retrieve answers (e.g. ¿What is the capital of France?). On the other hand, TG is the task of associate one or more georeferences (such as polygons or coordinates in a geodetic reference system) to electronic documents. Current state-of-the-art AI algorithms are not yet fully understanding the semantic meaning and the geographical constraints and terms present in queries and document collections. This thesis attempts to improve the effectiveness results of GeoIA tasks by: 1) improving the detection, understanding, and use of a part of the geographical and the thematic content of queries and documents with Toponym Recognition, Toponym Disambiguation and Natural Language Processing (NLP) techniques, and 2) combining Geographical Knowledge-Based Heuristics based on common sense with Data-Driven IR algorithms. The main contributions of this thesis to the state-of-the-art of GeoIA tasks are: 1) The presentation of 10 novel approaches for GeoIA tasks: 3 approaches for GIR, 3 for GeoQA, and 4 for Textual Georeferencing (TG). 2) The evaluation of these novel approaches in these contexts: within official evaluation benchmarks, after evaluation benchmarks with the test collections, and with other specific datasets. Most of these algorithms have been evaluated in international evaluations and some of them achieved top-ranked state-of-the-art results, including top-performing results in GIR (GeoCLEF 2007) and TG (MediaEval 2014) benchmarks. 3) The experiments reported in this PhD thesis show that the approaches can combine effectively Geographical Knowledge and NLP with Data-Driven techniques to improve the efectiveness measures of the three Geographical Information Access tasks investigated. 4) TALPGeoIR: a novel GIR approach that combines Geographical Knowledge ReRanking (GeoKR), NLP and Relevance Feedback (RF) that achieved state-of-the-art results in official GeoCLEF benchmarks (Ferrés and Rodríguez, 2008; Mandl et al., 2008) and posterior experiments (Ferrés and Rodríguez, 2015a). This approach has been evaluated with the full GeoCLEF corpus (100 topics) and showed that GeoKR, NLP, and RF techniques evaluated separately or in combination improve the results in MAP and R-Precision effectiveness measures of the state-of-the-art IR algorithms TF-IDF, BM25 and InL2 and show statistical significance in most of the experiments. 5) GeoTALP-QA: a scope-based GeoQA approach for Spanish and English and its evaluation with a set of questions of the Spanish geography (Ferrés and Rodríguez, 2006). 6) Four state-of-the-art Textual Georeferencing approaches for informal and formal documents that achieved state-of-the-art results in evaluation benchmarks (Ferrés and Rodríguez, 2014) and posterior experiments (Ferrés and Rodríguez, 2011; Ferrés and Rodríguez, 2015b).
L'Accés a la Informació Geogràfica (GeoAI) pot ser definit com una forma de recuperar informació de col·lecions textuals que inclou l'anàlisi automàtic i la interpretació dels termes i restriccions geogràfiques que apareixen en consultes i documents. Aquesta tesi doctoral presenta, descriu i avalua varies aproximacions heterogènies a les seguents tasques de GeoAI: Recuperació de la Informació Geogràfica (RIG), Cerca de la Resposta Geogràfica (GeoCR), i Georeferenciament Textual (GT). La tasca de RIG tracta amb consultes d'usuari que cerquen documents (e.g. ¿vinyes a California?) i la tasca GeoCR tracta de recuperar respostes concretes a preguntes (e.g. ¿Quina és la capital de França?). D'altra banda, GT es la tasca de relacionar una o més referències geogràfiques (com polígons o coordenades en un sistema de referència geodètic) a documents electrònics. Els algoritmes de l'estat de l'art actual en Intel·ligència Artificial encara no comprenen completament el significat semàntic i els termes i les restriccions geogràfiques presents en consultes i col·leccions de documents. Aquesta tesi intenta millorar els resultats en efectivitat de les tasques de GeoAI de la seguent manera: 1) millorant la detecció, comprensió, i la utilització d'una part del contingut geogràfic i temàtic de les consultes i documents amb tècniques de reconeixement de topònims, desambiguació de topònims, i Processament del Llenguatge Natural (PLN), i 2) combinant heurístics basats en Coneixement Geogràfic i en el sentit comú humà amb algoritmes de Recuperació de la Informació basats en dades. Les principals contribucions d'aquesta tesi a l'estat de l'art de les tasques de GeoAI són: 1) La presentació de 10 noves aproximacions a les tasques de GeoAI: 3 aproximacions per RIG, 3 per GeoCR, i 4 per Georeferenciament Textual (GT). 2) L'avaluació d'aquestes noves aproximacions en aquests contexts: en el marc d'avaluacions comparatives internacionals, posteriorment a avaluacions comparatives internacionals amb les col·lections de test, i amb altres conjunts de dades específics. La majoria d'aquests algoritmes han estat avaluats en avaluacions comparatives internacionals i alguns d'ells aconseguiren alguns dels millors resultats en l'estat de l'art, com per exemple els resultats en comparatives de RIG (GeoCLEF 2007) i GT (MediaEval 2014). 3) Els experiments descrits en aquesta tesi mostren que les aproximacions poden combinar coneixement geogràfic i PLN amb tècniques basades en dades per millorar les mesures d'efectivitat en les tres tasques de l'Accés a la Informació Geogràfica investigades. 4) TALPGeoIR: una nova aproximació a la RIG que combina Re-Ranking amb Coneixement Geogràfic (GeoKR), PLN i Retroalimentació de Rellevancia (RR) que aconseguí resultats en l'estat de l'art en comparatives oficials GeoCLEF (Ferrés and Rodríguez, 2008; Mandl et al., 2008) i en experiments posteriors (Ferrés and Rodríguez, 2015a). Aquesta aproximació ha estat avaluada amb el conjunt complert del corpus GeoCLEF (100 topics) i ha mostrat que les tècniques GeoKR, PLN i RR avaluades separadament o en combinació milloren els resultats en les mesures efectivitat MAP i R-Precision dels algoritmes de l'estat de l'art en Recuperació de la Infomació TF-IDF, BM25 i InL2 i a més mostren significació estadística en la majoria dels experiments. 5) GeoTALP-QA: una aproximació basada en l'àmbit geogràfic per espanyol i anglès i la seva avaluació amb un conjunt de preguntes de la geografía espanyola (Ferrés and Rodríguez, 2006). 6) Quatre aproximacions per al georeferenciament de documents formals i informals que obtingueren resultats en l'estat de l'art en avaluacions comparatives (Ferrés and Rodríguez, 2014) i en experiments posteriors (Ferrés and Rodríguez, 2011; Ferrés and Rodríguez, 2015b).
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Shi, Zhennan. "A Web-based Geographical Information System for Low Bandwidth Access." The University of Waikato, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10289/2434.

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The Geographic Information Systems (GIS) have become popular tool, used in different fields. The launching of Google Maps offered a new approach of building web based GIS systems; making it possible to integrate external geographically referenced data with the powerful map service supplied by Google. This thesis demonstrates the design and implementation of creating a web based geographic information system. The system is built by adapting the Google Maps API library and building a web server to display and explore agricultural data.
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Sagduyu, Yalin Evren. "Medium access control and network coding for wireless information flows." College Park, Md. : University of Maryland, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/7338.

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Thesis (Ph. D.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2007.
Thesis research directed by: Electrical Engineering. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
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Weber, Mathias [Verfasser]. "Access Control for Weakly Consistent Replicated Information Systems / Mathias Weber." München : Verlag Dr. Hut, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1219605883/34.

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44

Carson, Derek R. "Recognising faces and names : factors affecting access to personal information." Thesis, University of Stirling, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.244610.

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45

Postan, Emily Rose. "Defining ourselves : narrative identity and access to personal biological information." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/25733.

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When biological information about an individual is produced in healthcare or research settings, ethical questions may arise about whether the individual herself should be able to access it. This thesis argues that the individual’s identity-related interests warrant serious attention in framing and addressing these questions. Identity interests are largely neglected in bioethical, policy and legal debates about information access – except where information about genetic parentage is concerned. Even there, the relationship between information and identity, and the interests involved, remain unclear. This thesis seeks to fill this conceptual gap and challenge this exceptionalism. It does so by developing a normative account of the roles that a wide range of information about our health, bodies and biological relationships – ‘personal bioinformation’ – can play in the construction of our self-conceptions. This account is developed in two steps. First, building on existing philosophical theories of narrative self-constitution, this thesis proposes that personal bioinformation has a critical role to play in the construction of identity narratives that remain coherent and support us in navigating our embodied experiences. Secondly, drawing on empirical literature reporting individuals’ attitudes to receiving three categories of personal bioinformation (about donor conception, genetic disease susceptibility, and neuroimaging-based psychiatric diagnoses), the thesis seeks to illustrate, demonstrate the plausibility of, and to refine this theoretically-based proposition. From these foundations, it is argued that we can have strong identity-related interests in whether and how we are able to access bioinformation about ourselves. The practical implications of this conclusion are then explored. It is argued that identity interests are not reducible to other interests (for example, in health protection) commonly weighed in information disclosure decisions. They, therefore, warrant attention in their own right. An ethical framework is developed to guide delivery of this. This framework sets out the ethical responsibilities of those who hold bioinformation about us to respond to our identity interests in information disclosure practices and policies. The framework is informed by indications from the illustrative examples that our interests engaged as much by how bioinformation is communicated as whether it is disclosed. Moreover, these interests are not uniformly engaged by all bioinformation in all circumstances and there is potential for identity detriment as well as benefit. The ethical framework highlights the opportunities for and challenges of responding to identity interests and the scope and limits of potential disclosers’ responsibilities to do so. It also makes recommendations as to the principles and characteristics of identity-supporting disclosure practices.
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Frisk, Johan. "Cross Continental Access of Information and the Boarder Gateway Protocol." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Databas och informationsteknik, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-153880.

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The usage of technical equipment and the interconnection of all these devices has become essential to our every day life and to provide as good service as possible for the internet of today. However, many have the opportunity to inspect the data as it is being rushed across the globe to provide users with information at the press of a button. This study examines the routing patterns from hundred thousands of trace routes going from user to server around the globe. Using this trace data, we demonstrate not only the number of companies involved in data transfers on other continents then where they are currently not residing, but also give some insight into the amount of routes pertaining to same continent data transfers which takes paths not contained within that same continent. In doing so, we try to explain the inner workings of the protocols used within the process of data transfer, answer a number of security related questions regarding the protocols used, as well as discuss which other circumstances can affect the decision making process.
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Garrido, Marquez Ivan. "Dynamics in semantic annotation, a perspective of information access system." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019USPCD008.

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A travers cette étude, se présente une perspective dynamique de l'annotation sémantique. Cette perspective considère le passage du temps et les flux permanents de documents qui font croître les collections et étendre leurs systèmes d'annotation. Nous apportons également une vision de la qualité des systèmes d'annotations basée sur la notion d'accès à l'information et de cohérence. Dans notre vision de la qualité, l'information de vocabulaire d'annotation est la complexité à parcourir par un utilisateur à la recherche d'un certain sujet.Pour répondre au problème de la dynamique dans l'annotation sémantique, cette thèse propose une architecture modulaire pour l'annotation sémantique dynamique. Cette architecture modélise les activités impliquées dans le processus d'annotation sémantique en modules abstraits avec des considérations particulières en fonction de la tâche spécifique.Comme cas d'étude, nous prenons l’annotation de blogs. Nous rassemblâmes un corpus contenant jusqu'à 10 ans de billets de blog annotés avec des catégories et des tags et analysé les habitudes d'annotation observées. Nous explorons la suggestion automatique de tags et de catégories afin de mesurer l'impact de la dynamique dans le système d'annotation. Certaines stratégies pour faire face à cet impact ont été évaluées pour caractériser l'importance de l'âge des exemples.Enfin, nous proposons un cadre de trois mesures de qualité et une méthode interactive pour récupérer la qualité d'un système d'indexation basé sur des annotations sémantiques appuyée par les métriques. Les mesures ont été évaluées au fil du temps pour observer la dégradation de la qualité de l'indexation. Une série d'exemples étudiés sont présentés pour observer la performance des mesures visant à guider la restructuration du système d'annotation de l'indexation
The information is growing and evolving everyday and in every human activity. Documents of different modalities store our information. The dynamic nature of information is given by a flow of documents. The huge and ever-growing document collections opens the need for organizing, relating and searching for information in an efficient way. Although full-text search tools have been developed, people continue to categorize documents, often using automatic classification tools. These annotations categories can be considered as a semantic indexing: classifying newspaper articles or blog posts allows journalists or readers to quickly find documents that have been published in the past in relation to a given topic. However, the quality of an index based on semantic annotation often deteriorates with time due to the dynamics of the information it describes: some categories are misused or forgotten by indexers, others become obsolete or too general to be useful. Through this study we introduce a dynamic perspective of semantic annotation. This perspective considers the passage of time and the permanent flow of documents that makes the collections grow and their annotation systems to extend and evolve. We also bring a vision of the quality of annotations systems based on the notion of information access. Traditionally, the quality of the annotation is considered in terms of semantic adequacy between the contents of the documents and the annotation terms describe them. In our vision, the quality of annotation vocabulary depends on the amount and complexity of information to be navigated by a user while searching for a certain topic. To address the problem of the dynamics in semantic annotation, this work proposes a modular architecture for dynamic semantic annotation. This architecture models the activities involved in the semantic annotation process in abstract modules dedicated to the different tasks that users have to perform. As a case of study we took blogging annotation. We gathered a corpus containing up to 10 years of annotated blog posts with categories and tags and we analyzed the annotation habits. By testing automatic tag and category strategies, we measure the impact of the dynamics in the annotation system. We propose some strategies to control this impact, which helps to evaluate the obsolescence of examples. Finally we propose a framework relying on three quality metrics and an interactive method to recover the quality of an indexing system based on semantic annotation. The metrics are evaluated over time to observe the degradation in indexing quality. A series of studied examples are presented to observe the performance of the measures to guide the restructuring of the indexing annotation system
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48

Wong, Bryan. "Using access information in the dynamic visualisation of web sites." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/6365.

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Includes bibliographical references.
Log file analysis provides a cost-effective means to detennine web site usage. However, current methods of displaying log analysis results tend to be limited in that they either contain no reference to a web site's structure, or else they portray this structure as a standard graph or tree. This dissertation presents a visual representation of web server log information, which addresses these limitations by incorporating log file data into a visualisation of a web site's layout. The devised visualisation utilizes properties unique to web sites in order to create a compromise between the clutter-prone network graph and the infonnation incomplete tree representations that have traditionally been used to depict web sites. As such, the visualisation emphasises typical web site features such as the home page, sub-sites and navigation bars. This approach pennitted the introduction of the concept of implying the presence of links without explicitly rendering them. This notion has many implications, not least of which is the reduction of cluttering. The visualisation combined several other techniques to address the issues of structure and data representation, data exploration, scalability and context maintenance. Assessment of the visualisation consisted of a heuristic evaluation by an expert from the web site usage industry, a test to detelmine the intuitiveness of the representation, and a series of user experiments. Results of the assessment were generally promising although a few areas of concern, such as the difficulty experienced by users in navigating the visualisation with a trackball, were identified. These issues should not prove to be too difficult to overcome however. The visualisation could thus be said to have successfully met the aim of developing a representation of web site usage infonnation that incorporates site structure and treats web sites as unique entities, thereby taking advantage of their particular characteristics. It is hoped such a visualisation will be of benefit to web site designers and administrators in analysing and ultimately improving their web sites.
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Ghislandi, Simone, and Michael Kuhn. "Asymmetric information in the regulation of the access to markets." WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, 2016. http://epub.wu.ac.at/4886/1/wp219.pdf.

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It is frequently argued that the high costs of clinical trials prior to the admission of new pharmaceuticals are stifling innovation. At the same time, regulation of the access to markets is often justified on the basis of consumers` inability to detect the true quality of a product. We examine these arguments from an information economic perspective by setting a framework where the incentives to invest in R&D are influenced by the information structure prevailing when the product is launched in the market at a later stage. In this setting, by changing the information structure, regulation (or the lack of) can thus indirectly affect R&D efforts. More formally, we construct a moral hazard - cum - adverse selection model in which a pharmaceutical firm exerts an unobservable effort towards developing an innovative (high quality) drug (moral hazard) and then announces the (unobservable) quality outcome to an uninformed regulator and/or consumers (adverse selection). We compare the outcomes in regard to innovation effort and expected welfare under two regimes: (i) regulation, where products undergo a clinical trial designed to ascertain product quality at the point of market access; and (ii) laissez-faire with free entry, where the revelation of quality is left to the market process. Results show that whether or not innovation is greater in the presence of entry regulation crucially depends on the efficacy of the trial in identifying (poor) quality, on the probability that unknown qualities are revealed in the market process, and on the preference and cost structure. The welfare ranking of the two regimes depends on the differential effort incentive and on the net welfare gain from implementing full information instantaneously. For example, in settings of vertical monopoly, vertical differentiation and horizontal differentiation with no variable cost of quality, entry regulation tends to be the preferred regime if the effort incentive under pooling is relatively low and profits do not count too much towards welfare. A complementary numerical Analysis shows how the outcomes vary with the market and cost structure. (authors' abstract)
Series: Department of Economics Working Paper Series
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Lekeas, George K. "Regulating competence-based access to agent societies." Thesis, City University London, 2011. http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/1144/.

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Advances in ubiquitous computing have resulted in changes to the way we access and use everyday applications, e.g. reading mail and booking tickets. At the same time, users interact with these applications in a variety of ways, each with different characteristics, e.g., different degrees of bandwidth, different payment schemes supported and so on. These are highly dynamic interactions, as some of the applications might become unavailable (either temporarily or permanently) or their behaviour may change. As the user has to deal with a large number of proactive and dynamic applications every day, he will need a personal assistant that possesses similar characteristics. The agent paradigm meets this requirement, since it exhibits the necessary features. As a result, the user will provide its personal agent assistant with a goal, e.g. I need a smartphone which costs less than three hundred pounds, and the agent will have to use a number of applications offering information on smartphones so that it finds the requested one. This, in turn, raises a number of issues regarding the organisation and the degrees of access to these services as well as the correctness of their descriptions. In this work, we propose the organisation of applications around the concept of artificial agent societies, to which access would be possible only by a positive evaluation of an agent's application. The agent will provide the Authority Agent with the role it is applying for and its competencies in the context of a protocol, i.e., the messages that it can utter/understand. The Authority Agent will then check to see if the applicant agent is a competent user of the protocols; if yes, entry is granted. Assuming that access is granted, the next issue is to decide on the protocol(s) that agent receives. As providing the full protocol will cause security and overload problems, we only need to provide the part required for the agent to play its role. We show how this can be done and how we can repair certain protocols so that they are indeed enactable once this role decomposition is performed.
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