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1
Biscalchin, Ana Carolina Silva. "Blogs de entretenimento: um estudo exploratório da circulação e legitimação da informação na internet brasileira." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/27/27151/tde-17052013-165426/.
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A tecnologia digital cria espaços diferenciados para a informação e coloca a Ciência da Informação frente a novas questões. O objetivo deste estudo exploratório e descritivo é abordar questões sobre o papel dos blogs, a influência da blogosfera na conformação das trocas de informações, relacionando novos formatos culturais e o estatuto do autor na blogosfera, assim como as questões de visibilidade e legitimidade que permeiam as relações mediadas pelas tecnologias de informação e comunicação. Toma-se como ponto de partida o estudo de caso da campanha Usura não!, criada em 2007, que incentivava o uso do link como uma netiqueta para blogs. Buscou-se acompanhar os desdobramentos da campanha e as proposições de seus participantes, formulando questões e elencando referenciais teóricos capazes de explicar tais manifestações e as possibilidades de encontro com os interesses da Ciência da Informação. Estabelece-se uma relação entre as dinâmicas presentes na blogosfera e as teorias de campo e habitus de Pierre Bourdieu, indicando as correlações da campanha na incorporação do habitus para mudar a situação dos agentes dentro do campo da blogosfera de entretenimento brasileira. Estas reflexões remetem a questões como a legitimação e a apropriação da informação por parte dos atores (navegadores/usuários), trazendo subsídios para se refletir acerca dos processos de circulação da informação na internet.Digital technology creates differentiated spaces for information, and puts the \"Information Science\" in the face of new issues. The aim of this exploratory and descriptive study is to address questions about the role of blogs and the blogosphere\'s influence in the configuration of information exchange, linking new formats and cultural status of the author in the blogosphere, as well as issues of visibility and legitimacy that permeate the relations mediated by information technology and communication. Take as a starting point of this case study the campaign \"Usura não!\", created in 2007, which encouraged the use of the link as a blogging netiquette. We tried to follow the developments of the campaign and the propositions of the participants, asking questions and selecting theoretical references able to explain these events and the possibilities of meeting the interests of the Information Science. Is established a link between dynamics present in blogosphere, and theories of field and habitus of Pierre Bourdieu, indicating the correlation of the campaign in the incorporation of habitus to change the situation of workers in the field of entertainment Brazilian blogosphere. These considerations refer issues such as legitimacy and appropriation of information by the actors (browsers/users), providing subsidies to reflect upon the process of circulating information in the Internet.
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Lovink, Geert. "Dynamics of critical internet culture (1994-2001) /." Connect to thesis, 2003. http://eprints.unimelb.edu.au/archive/00000768.
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Khushman, S. A. "The relationship between culture and e-business website acceptance : a comparative study of Arab and UK cultures." Thesis, Coventry University, 2010. http://curve.coventry.ac.uk/open/items/526eb337-bef3-ba3d-8efa-2c765fca34b6/1.
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Previous research into website and e-business acceptance and usage has not been completely successful in establishing how this links with factors related to culture. Furthermore, most new technologies have originated within a developed cultural context—namely the United States and Western Europe. Consequently, when new technology transfers to different cultural settings we can predict some sort of cultural gap because of their technology acceptance modes. Most studies have focused on technology transfer into the developed countries with an a priori assumption about the fit of that technology without taking into consideration cultural values that would make impact its ultimate uptake and acceptance. Few of these studies have tried to investigate how Arab cultural values could influence general acceptance and use of e-business websites. The aim of this study is to explain the influence of culture on a user's acceptance behaviour and to develop a new website acceptance model that includes cultural variables. The researcher reviewed the existing literature related to culture, technology acceptance theories, Human Computer Interaction (HCI) and e-business. A Culturally- Sensitive Technology Acceptance Model (CTAM) was devised and a pilot study conducted to test the cultural variables considered relevant. Along with Perceived Usefulness, Perceived Ease of Use, Cultural Variables and Website Quality, these variables affect user Intention to Use e-business websites. The research combines both qualitative and quantitative methods to reflect the nature of the research problem and to determine whether any relationships between variables can be identified to determine behavioural patterns. A random sample consisting of 623 respondents was drawn from Arab and UK tourists visiting Jordanian tourist sites. A survey questionnaire and semi-structured interview were employed to obtain data from the selected sample. Questions contained in the questionnaire were derived from existing literature and were piloted to enhance its reliability and validity. Statistical methods were used to analyse the data in three main phases. The first phase aimed to establish that there were differences between the Arab and UK samples in terms of e-business website acceptance. This was found to be the case. The second phase aimed to establish that these differences were directly related to culture. Again, the results confirmed that there was a significant relationship between cultural variables and ebusiness website acceptance. In the third phase, a multiple regression analysis was applied to find the relationship between the independent variables (Website Quality, Cultural Variables, Perceived Usefulness and Perceived Ease of Use) and the dependent variable (Intension to Use). The results show that some of the cultural variables are not significant for either sample. Within the Arab sample, Trust, Tangibility, Power Distance, Uncertainty Avoidance and Individualism were found to be significant but Subjective Norms and Masculinity were not. For the UK sample Trust, Power Distance and Individualism were significant but Tangibility, Subjective Norms, Masculinity and Uncertainty Avoidance were not. Hence, the results show that cultural variables have a significant impact on user acceptance of e-business websites and Davies’ 1989 original and general Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) was found to be moderately applicable in an Arab milieu. However, not only do the Arab and UK groups have different preferences in website quality (such as website design, content, etc), but there are also differences in the acceptance process. For the UK, acceptance is routed through design preferences, usefulness and attitude of satisfaction. However, for the Arabs, it seems to be determined by ease of use. The results also indicate that factors such as tangibility and trust are playing an important role in determining website acceptance in Arab countries.
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NUNES, Jefferson Veras. "Vivência em rede: uma etnografia das práticas sociais de informação dos usuários de redes sociais na internet." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFC, 2014. http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/19058.
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NUNES, Jefferson Veras; ALMEIDA JÚNIOR, Oswaldo Francisco de. Vivência em rede: uma etnografia das práticas sociais de informação dos usuários de redes sociais na internet. 2014. 307 f. Tese (Doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência da Informação, 2014.Submitted by Lidya Silva (nagylla.lidya@gmail.com) on 2016-07-21T19:31:23Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2014_tese_jfnunes.pdf: 2068575 bytes, checksum: 0f18d6d26a7597639dda84007ee209b5 (MD5)
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Treat about how the phenomenon of social networking sites affects the contemporary informational scenario, transforming everyday practices and experiences of individuals with regard to the production, consumption and sharing of information in digital space. Problematizes how the expression society of information has been referenced to characterize a form of social organization based on the information technology paradigm. Then discusses the current structure of the media system, focusing since the formation of a mass society, to the ubiquity of digital information in urban areas, with the aim of demonstrating that socio-cultural scene is marked by an increasingly converging means, as well as languages. Accordingly, discusses the internet as a kind of media marked by computer-mediated communication, in which different forms of media are articulated, giving rise to system based on network interconnection. Through the notion of network underscores the fact that the social context of networking sites consists of complex associations between humans and technologies, aiming to empirical research attend more to the hybrid nature of these relationships, and less for their infrastructural aspect. For empirical verification, purposes qualitative research, using ethnographic method, with the intention of supporting the argument that social media has the ability to affect the everyday experiences of individuals, changing informational scenario. As empirical field elects Facebook, choosing because it is characterized as the social network site most used in Brazil and in several other countries. Conducts interviews with twelve users of Facebook, still using the participant observation, examinee the interactions among netizens as well as the ways in which they relate to the information and the site through the available tools. Accordingly, concludes that each one of the informational practices observed point aspects of how information is and is at the same time, the actual constituent. The perception that users have of the real involves both physical dimensions, such as digital, implying direct consequences in the construction of their experiences. Through Facebook, individuals have the opportunity to define for themselves and for Other they perceive as information, wish to have access, and especially what they think need to be highlighted or ignored in their daily experiences on the internet. Thus, it was possible to see the Internet not only as media technology, but mainly as an element of culture, where living online and offline complement. The user participates actively of informational process that develops in their wefts, using their tools to grasp senses and give meaning to information circulated on the site.
Trata sobre como o fenômeno das redes sociais na internet afeta o cenário informacional contemporâneo, transformando as práticas e experiências cotidianas dos indivíduos no tocante à produção, consumo e compartilhamento da informação no espaço digital. Problematiza como a expressão sociedade da informação tem sido referenciada para caracterizar um formato de organização social baseado no paradigma tecnológico da informação. Em seguida, aborda a composição contemporânea do sistema de mídia, discutindo desde a formação de uma sociedade de massa, até a ubiquidade da informação digital no espaço urbano, com o objetivo de demonstrar que a cena sociocultural é marcada cada vez mais por uma convergência de meios, assim como de linguagens. Nesse sentido, discute a internet como um tipo de mídia marcada pelo despontar da comunicação mediada por computador, no qual diferentes meios de informação e comunicação se articulam, dando origem a um sistema baseado na interligação em rede. Através da noção de rede ressalta o fato de que o contexto das redes sociais na internet é formado por complexas associações entre humanos e tecnologias, almejando com a pesquisa empírica atentar mais para o caráter híbrido dessas relações, e menos para o seu aspecto infraestrutural. Como estratégia metodológica, realiza uma pesquisa de cunho qualitativo, recorrendo ao método etnográfico, com a intenção de confirmar a tese de que as redes sociais na internet têm a capacidade de afetar as experiências cotidianas dos indivíduos, reconfigurando o cenário informacional contemporâneo. Como campo empírico adota o Facebook, escolhendo-o por se caracterizar como o site de redes sociais mais utilizado no Brasil, bem como em vários outros países. Assim, além de entrevistas realizadas com doze usuários do Facebook, recorre, ainda, à observação participante, atentando às interações entre os internautas, bem como às maneiras como estes se relacionam com as informações e com o site por meio das ferramentas disponibilizadas. Conclui que cada umas das práticas informacionais observadas apontam aspectos de como a informação constitui e é, ao mesmo tempo, constituinte do real. A percepção que os usuários têm do real envolve tanto dimensões físicas, como digitais, implicando em consequências diretas na construção de suas experiências. Através do Facebook, os indivíduos têm a oportunidade de definirem para si e para o Outro o que consideram como informação, o que desejam ter acesso e, sobretudo, o que julgam necessário ser destacado ou ignorado em suas vivências cotidianas na internet. Assim, foi possível perceber a internet não só como tecnologia midiática, mas, principalmente, enquanto elemento da cultura, onde vida on-line e off-line se complementam. Os usuários do Facebook participam ativamente do processo informacional que se desenvolve em suas teias, fazendo uso de suas ferramentas para apreender sentidos e conferir significados à informação que circula no site.
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Baumle, Amanda Kathleen. "Lawyers at the 'information age water cooler': exposing sex discrimination and challenging law firm culture on the internet." Texas A&M University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/4332.
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Prior research has repeatedly documented the existence of gender inequality,
discrimination, and harassment in the legal practice, an occupation that remains maledominated
in terms of both numbers and organizational culture. Despite the availability of
some legal remedies, women attorneys rarely sue their employers, and often do not
challenge discriminatory behavior. In this dissertation, I explore this seemingly
contradictory situation, where lawyers fail to employ the legal system on their own behalf,
and I seek to determine whether the law can in fact be mobilized to challenge and perhaps
change gender relations in the legal practice. Through ethnographic field research and
content analysis of an Internet community, my research examines possible methods by
which the law can serve as a tool to challenge gender discrimination. Further, I assess the
manner in which the Internet community itself can serve as a vehicle for challenging
gender inequality.
In particular, I first explore the role formal litigation might play in promoting
change for women attorneys, determining that attorneys in the Internet community are hesitant to employ litigation to challenge gender discrimination. This reluctance appears to
result in large part from attorneysâ familiarity with the daunting task of establishing a
discrimination case in the judicial system, as well as from a fear that the pursuit of
litigation could inflict damage upon their legal careers.
I then consider whether the law can serve as a useful tool to challenge inequality
when legal discourse is employed within the Internet community to invoke a legal right to
a discrimination-free workplace. I find that attorneys, despite their legal training, call upon
both formal and informal notions of discrimination when confronted with circumstances
colored with inequity. The Internet community itself provides a protected, semianonymous
forum in which to engage in such discourse, thereby subverting many of the
barriers that currently exist to challenging gender inequality in the legal practice. Further,
the community serves as a resource to bring public attention to bear upon law firms,
creating external pressures which encourage a reevaluation of both lay and legal
understandings of prohibited gender discrimination.
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Thorsen, Einar. "News, citizenship and the Internet : BBC News Online's reporting of the 2005 UK General Election." Thesis, Bournemouth University, 2009. http://eprints.bournemouth.ac.uk/13500/.
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This thesis considers the importance to democracy of online spaces where citizens can engage in dialogue on issues of public concern. Specifically, it evaluates the BBC's news and features provision on its website dedicated to the 2005 UK Parliamentary General Election, entitled Election 2005. Particular attention is given to sections such as the Election Monitor, the UK Voters' Panel and Have your say, to which people were encouraged to submit their views and comments for posting. Given the leading status of BBC News Online in the UK (the remit for which is defined, in part, by its Royal Charter obligation to provide a public service), it is vital to examine the Election 2005 website and its role in the democratic process. The principal aim of this thesis is to analyse the ways in which BBC News Online deployed its website to facilitate spaces for citizens to engage in dialogue during the 2005 UK General Election. To achieve this aim, the thesis makes use of web dialogue analysis, which is a method proposed and defined for the purpose of this project. The case study is divided into three chapters: the first dealing with online news in which citizen voices were found to be marginalised; the second concerning different genres of online feature articles, wherein citizen voices was the most prominent source; and the third focussing on sections where people were encouraged to submit comments. Through analysing the nature of source utterances (quotations and paraphrases), and comments submitted to debate sections, the thesis found little dialogue taking place in any of the sections on the BBC's Election 2005 website. It argues this was caused by a) the deliberate intention of BBC staff to discourage dialogue, and instead facilitate a 'global conversation', b) the manual process used to publish comments to the site, and c) people being at the time unaccustomed to participate in any meaningful debate using online forums. In this way, the thesis seeks to contribute to a developing area of scholarship concerned with news media representations of national elections, online journalism and citizenship.
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Kralisch, Anett. "The impact of culture and language on the use of the internet." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Wirtschaftswissenschaftliche Fakultät, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/15501.
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Diese Arbeit untersucht den Einfluss von Kultur und Sprache auf die Nutzung des Internets. Drei Hauptgebiete wurden bearbeitet: (1) Der Einfluss von Kultur und Sprache auf Nutzerpräferenzen bezüglich der Darstellung von Informationen und Nutzung von Suchoptionen; (2) Der Einfluss von Kultur auf Nutzerpräferenzen bezüglich des Inhaltes von Websiteinformationen; (3) Der Einfluss von Sprache auf die Nutzerzufriedenheit und Sprache als Informationszugangsbarriere Daten aus Logfile-Analysen, Onlinebefragungen und experimentellen Untersuchungen bildeten die Auswertungsgrundlage für die Überprüfung der 33 Hypothesen. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass kulturspezifische Denkmuster mit Navigationsmusters und Nutzung von Suchoptionen korrelieren. Der Einfluss von Kultur auf Nutzerpräferenzen bezüglich des Inhaltes von Websiteinformationen erwies sich als weniger eindeutig. Aus den Untersuchungen zum Einfluss von Sprache ging hervor, dass Sprache Web¬sitezugriff und –nutzung beeinflusst. Die Daten zeigen, dass signifikant weniger L1-Nutzer als L2-Nutzer auf eine Website zugreifen. Dies lässt sich zum einem mit dem sprachbedingten kognitiven Aufwand erklären als auch mit der Tatsache, dass Websites unterschiedlicher Sprachen weniger miteinander verlinkt sind als Websites gleicher Sprachen. Im Hinblick auf die Nutzung von Suchoptionen zeigte sich, dass L2 Nutzer mit geringem themenspezifischen Wissen sich signifikant von L1 Nutzern unterscheiden. Schließlich lassen die Ergebnisse auch darauf schließen, dass Zufriedenheit der Nutzer einer Website einerseits mit Sprachfähigkeiten der Nutzer und andererseits mit der wahrgenommenen Menge muttersprachlichen Angebots im Internet korreliert.This thesis analyses the impact of culture and language on Internet use. Three main areas were investigated: (1) the impact of culture and language on preferences for information presentation and search options, (2) the impact of culture on the need for specific website content, and (3) language as a barrier to information access and as a determinant of website satisfaction. In order to test the 33 hypotheses, data was gathered by means of logfile analyses, online surveys, and laboratory studies. It was concluded that culture clearly correlated with patterns of navigation behaviour and the use of search options. In contrast, results concerning the impact of culture on the need for website content were less conclusive. Results concerning language, showed that significantly fewer L1 users than L2 users accessed a website. This can be explained with language related cognitive effort as well as with the fact the websites of different languages are less linked than websites of the same language. With regard to search option use, a strong mediation effect of domain knowledge was found. Furthermore, results revealed correlations between user satisfaction and language proficiency, as well as between satisfaction and the perceived amount of native language information online.
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Liao, Han-Teng. "Cultural politics of user-generated encyclopaedias : comparing Chinese Wikipedia and Baidu Baike." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:45359c48-8e20-43d2-aee5-fc17fd5916d6.
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The question of how the Internet affects existing geo-cultural or geo-linguistic communities in relation to nation-states has continued to receive attention among academics and policymakers alike. Language-based technologies and services that aggregate, index, and distribute materials online may reshape pre-existing boundaries of the relationship between users and content, for instance with different language versions of user-generated encyclopaedias or different local versions of search engines. By comparing two major Chinese online encyclopaedias, Baidu Baike and Chinese Wikipedia, this thesis investigates whether the Internet overcomes, shifts, or reinforces boundaries among Chinese language users. The Chinese language provides an excellent case for examining the boundary question. While the Internet can potentially connect the largest number of native speakers around the world, the majority (i.e. those from mainland China) face an Internet censorship and filtering regime that may limit this very potential. Modern Chinese history has also complicated the cultural-political boundaries among the regions of mainland China, Hong Kong, and Taiwan. This thesis compares the conditions and outcomes of their respective editorial processes, content features, and users’ reception. Multiple findings emerge from a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods, including content analysis, webometrics, and search engine result visibility tests. These methods show that boundaries are drawn in the process of creating, linking, and searching content on the Chinese Internet. Their geolinguistic extent differs, a phenomenon that reflects the cultural-political division between mainland China and the rest of Chinese-speaking world. Both the findings and methods of the thesis have important implications for research and policy for understanding the globalizing regionalization and nationalization effects of the Internet.
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Awad, Terki. "The Saudi press and the Internet : how Saudi journalists and media decision makers at the Ministry of Culture and Information evaluate censorship in the presence of the Internet as a news and information medium." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2010. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.535239.
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Brumatti, Vitor Pachioni [UNESP]. "A utilização da internet nos espaços de acesso livre sob a perspectiva dos estudos culturais latinos-americanos." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/89408.
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Buscar a compreensão sobre o uso dos meios de comunicação é um processo que permite aprofundar a relação entre a própria comunicação e a sociedade, possibilitando entender a cultura não somente como resultado, mas também como mediadora das ações dos indivíduos dentro de suas ações midiáticas, principalmente ao se considerar a Sociedade de Informação como o espaço de troca de mensagens e veículo da informação. Por isso, o objetivo deste estudo é compreender como se dá o processo de utilização da internet nos espaços de acesso livre a partir das perspectivas dos estudos culturais latino-americanos. Dessa forma, desenvolveu-se o escopo teórico do trabalho, tendo por base a conceituação da cultura e o surgimento dos estudos culturais, bem como sua vertente latino-amerciana, na qual reside o foco da análise do trabalho. Posteriormente, desenvolveu-se um estudo sobre a sociedade da informação com destaque para a internet como formatação de um espaço midiático, até se chegar ao processo de inclusão digital proporcionada por algumas ações existentes na sociedade atual. Como enfoque prático, desenvolveu-se uma pesquisa por meio de entrevista semi-aberta com questões semi-estruturadas aplicadas aos usuários do infocentro do Programa Acessa São Paulo, localizado na Oficina Cultural Gláucio Pinto de Moraes - Bauru/SP, com a finalidade de compreender o uso da internet em um espaço de acesso livre e como essa utilização faz referência aos preceitos dos estudos culturais latino-americanos abordados anteriormente. Os resultados alcançdos mostram uma significativa presença do processo de formação e afirmação cultural durante o uso das ferramentas disponíveis na internet, bem como a importância desses espaços de acesso livre como forma de democratizar e garantir o acesso à informação, assim como sua construção cultural
Seeking the comprehension on the use fo the means of communication is a process which allows to deepen the relationship between the communication itself and society, allowing to understand culture not only as a result, but also as a mediatior of the actions of the individuals within their mediatic actions, specially as a mediatic space when considering the Information Society as the space to exchange messages and a information vehicle. Therefore, this study aims at understanding how people use the Internet in free access public spaces under the perspectives of Latin American cultural studies. Thus, the theoretical scope was development based on the conceptualization of culture and the emergence of culturais studies as well as their Latin American axis, which is the focus of analysis in this investigation. Later, a study was developed on the Information Society focusing on the Internet and the process of digital inclusion provided by some actions developed in current society. The practical approach consisted of a research with a semi-open interview containing semi-structured questions targeted at the inforcenter users of a Brazilian programme called Acessa São Paulo. This programme is located at the cultural workshop Glauco Pinto de Moraes - Bauru/SP and its purpose is to comprehend the use of the Internet in a free access public space and how such use refers to the precepts of the Latin American cultural studies previously approached. The results show a significant presence of the culture formation and affirmation process during the use of available tools on the Internet and the importance of these free access public spaces as a way of democratizing and ensuring the information access as well as its ongoing cultural construction
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Brumatti, Vitor Pachioni. "A utilização da internet nos espaços de acesso livre sob a perspectiva dos estudos culturais latinos-americanos /." Bauru : [s.n.], 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/89408.
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Orientador: Maximiliano Martin VicenteBanca: Danilo Rothberg
Banca: Thales Haddad Novaes de Andrade
Resumo: Buscar a compreensão sobre o uso dos meios de comunicação é um processo que permite aprofundar a relação entre a própria comunicação e a sociedade, possibilitando entender a cultura não somente como resultado, mas também como mediadora das ações dos indivíduos dentro de suas ações midiáticas, principalmente ao se considerar a Sociedade de Informação como o espaço de troca de mensagens e veículo da informação. Por isso, o objetivo deste estudo é compreender como se dá o processo de utilização da internet nos espaços de acesso livre a partir das perspectivas dos estudos culturais latino-americanos. Dessa forma, desenvolveu-se o escopo teórico do trabalho, tendo por base a conceituação da cultura e o surgimento dos estudos culturais, bem como sua vertente latino-amerciana, na qual reside o foco da análise do trabalho. Posteriormente, desenvolveu-se um estudo sobre a sociedade da informação com destaque para a internet como formatação de um espaço midiático, até se chegar ao processo de inclusão digital proporcionada por algumas ações existentes na sociedade atual. Como enfoque prático, desenvolveu-se uma pesquisa por meio de entrevista semi-aberta com questões semi-estruturadas aplicadas aos usuários do infocentro do Programa Acessa São Paulo, localizado na Oficina Cultural Gláucio Pinto de Moraes - Bauru/SP, com a finalidade de compreender o uso da internet em um espaço de acesso livre e como essa utilização faz referência aos preceitos dos estudos culturais latino-americanos abordados anteriormente. Os resultados alcançdos mostram uma significativa presença do processo de formação e afirmação cultural durante o uso das ferramentas disponíveis na internet, bem como a importância desses espaços de acesso livre como forma de democratizar e garantir o acesso à informação, assim como sua construção cultural
Abstract: Seeking the comprehension on the use fo the means of communication is a process which allows to deepen the relationship between the communication itself and society, allowing to understand culture not only as a result, but also as a mediatior of the actions of the individuals within their mediatic actions, specially as a mediatic space when considering the Information Society as the space to exchange messages and a information vehicle. Therefore, this study aims at understanding how people use the Internet in free access public spaces under the perspectives of Latin American cultural studies. Thus, the theoretical scope was development based on the conceptualization of culture and the emergence of culturais studies as well as their Latin American axis, which is the focus of analysis in this investigation. Later, a study was developed on the Information Society focusing on the Internet and the process of digital inclusion provided by some actions developed in current society. The practical approach consisted of a research with a semi-open interview containing semi-structured questions targeted at the inforcenter users of a Brazilian programme called Acessa São Paulo. This programme is located at the cultural workshop Glauco Pinto de Moraes - Bauru/SP and its purpose is to comprehend the use of the Internet in a free access public space and how such use refers to the precepts of the Latin American cultural studies previously approached. The results show a significant presence of the culture formation and affirmation process during the use of available tools on the Internet and the importance of these free access public spaces as a way of democratizing and ensuring the information access as well as its ongoing cultural construction
Mestre
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Svensson, Anders. "Från norra ståplats till cyberspace : En beskrivning av en diskussion på internet om ishockey utifrån ett offentlighetsperspektiv." Doctoral thesis, Högskolan för lärande och kommunikation, Högskolan i Jönköping, HLK, Sektionen för kommunikation, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-3922.
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Internet involves possibilities for public debate and civic participation in democratic life. Space is provided on the World Wide Web for new communities and public discussions, both with and without explicit political intentions. The starting point of this study is that online discussions in everyday life, political or not, contribute to the reproduction of democratic and civic culture. The aim of the study is to analyze whether an un-political discussion forum in everyday life can be described as a public sphere and the discussion on hockey as communicative, democratic and deliberative. The data consists of contributions to the discussion from three seasons, 1999–2002, of the Swedish National Hockey League. The final sample, 3993 contributions posted during totally 149 days, have been undergone a content analysis. The results show that the discussion is open to anyone but dominated by one group of supporters and this status affect the discussion in several ways. The forum can be considered a public sphere principally because new areas and perspectives are continuously discussed. The participants cope well with language, truth and truthfulness but normative conflicts sometimes strongly challenge understanding. Yet communicative action is frequent enough to guarantee the survival of the discussion. The overarching character of the discussion is, due to its inequality, ordered structure and media dependency, a problem-solving democratic dialogue. Furthermore it is deliberative in several respects. Compared with political discussions on Usenet and America Online, the hockey supporters seek information and use arguments to a lower degree. On the other hand they interact much more frequent, incorporating and reflecting upon other contributions, and are much less homogeneous in their opinions than political debaters are. The conclusion is that an un-political discussion in the cultural public sphere shows even more deliberative merits than discussions in the political public sphere. In addition, by publishing new subject matters and perspectives and being a problem-solving dialogue with a potential for communicative action, the discussion is a soil for reproduction of civic and democratic culture for far more tangible reasons than just being an association of people in every day life, supposed to produce the more indeterminable qualities solidarity and social capital
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Zima, Amanda H. "Young Voters and the Power of Political Internet Culture: An Exploration of Political Websites and Political Engagement." Cleveland, Ohio : Cleveland State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1243606048.
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Thesis (M. Ap. C.T. & M.)--Cleveland State University, 2009.Abstract. Title from PDF t.p. (viewed June 17, 2009). Includes bibliographical references (p. 67-76). Available online via the OhioLINK ETD Center. Also available in print.
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Sidibé, Amadou Békaye. "Usages d'Internet et services d'Internet au Mali : rôle et positionnement des bibliothèques." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018GREAL003/document.
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Depuis l’époque sumérienne (4ème – 3ème millénaire avant J.-C.), les bibliothèques ont su traiter les documents pour les mettre à la disposition des populations pour leur développement intellectuel, culturel, économique … Pour répondre aux besoins informationnels de toutes les couches socioprofessionnelles, elles ont pris diverses formes : nationale, publique, spécialisée, scolaire, universitaire … et cela, à travers tous les pays du monde.Avec la naissance du web et l’accès progressif des populations aux ressources en ligne, les partenaires techniques et financiers des pays africains ont commencé à aider ces derniers, dans la seconde moitié des années 90, à se connecter à Internet. Ce fut aussi le début de divers projets de création de télécentres en vue de vulgariser Internet et permettre l’accès des populations africaines à l’information pour leur développement. Ces nouvelles structures (communautaires ou privées) ont paru pour beaucoup comme la source d’accès à l’information. Dans ce contexte, les bibliothèques, aux ressources déjà maigres dans nos pays, ont paru comme des structures démodées, voire inutiles. Les professionnels de l’information documentaire ont alors commencé à s’interroger sur l’avenir de leur profession et des bibliothèques. Dans leur réflexion, Internet a été perçu tantôt comme une menace pour les bibliothèques, une technologie comme les autres, ou encore comme une opportunité à saisir pour valoriser leurs ressources et leur savoir-faire.Considérer Internet comme une opportunité exige cependant des bibliothécaires une nouvelle perception de leur mission, une nouvelle organisation du travail, de nouveaux produits et services, une nouvelle vision des relations avec le public. Cela exige surtout l’appropriation d’Internet et un rôle actif dans son usage afin de diffuser ses ressources, faciliter l’accès à celles des autres, promouvoir ses produits et services, diversifier, fidéliser et rendre autonomes ses utilisateurs dans la recherche et l’exploitation des ressources … Ainsi, se pose la question du rôle des bibliothèques dans le développement des usages et services Internet.Notre étude cherche dans le contexte malien, marqué par l’extrême pauvreté des bibliothèques, par l’échec quasi-total des télécentres, mais par un léger dynamise d’autres modes d’accès à Internet (connexion au bureau, à domicile, sur les appareils mobiles …) de déterminer, analyser et comprendre le rôle des bibliothèques maliennes dans le développement des usages et services Internet. Conduite auprès de 39 unités documentaires connectées à Internet, elle expose Internet au Mali (historique, stratégies, représentations, usages), analyse le rôle et le positionnement des bibliothèques dans la démocratisation de l’accès des usagers à Internet et aux ressources informationnelles. Elle essaie, enfin, de comprendre si les actions des bibliothèques en lien avec Internet s’inscrivent dans une stratégie claire et mûrieSince the Sumerian period (4th - 3rd millennium BC), libraries have been able to process documents in order to make them available to the population for their intellectual, cultural and economic development ... ¶ To meet the information needs of all the socio-professionnal strata, they have taken various forms: national, public, specialized, scolarly, academic ... and this, in all the countries of the world.¶¶ With the rise of the web and the progressive access of people to online resources, the technical and financial partners of African countries began to help them, in the second half of the 1990s, to connect to the Internet. ¶This was also the beginning of various projects to create telecentres in order to popularize the Internet and to enable African populations to access information for their development. ¶These new structures (community or private) have been seen by many as the only source of access to information. In this context, libraries, with already meager resources in our countries, have appeared as obsolete, even useless structures. ¶ Documentary information professionals then began to question the future of their profession and libraries. ¶ In their reflection, the Internet has sometimes been perceived as a threat to libraries, as a technology like any other, or as an opportunity to seize in order to develop their resources and their know-how.¶Considering the Internet as an opportunity, however, requires librarians a new perception of their mission, a new organization of work, new products and services, and a new vision of relations with the public. ¶ This requires especially the appropriation of Internet and an active role in its use in order to disseminate your resources, facilitate access to those of others, promote your products and services, diversify, retain and empower your users in research and exploitation of resources ... ¶ Thus, the question arises of the role of libraries in the development of Internet uses and services.¶ Our study seeks, in the Malian context, marked by the extreme poverty of libraries, by the almost total failure of telecentres, but by a slight dynamism of other modes of access to the Internet (connection at the office, home connection, connection on mobile devices ...) to determine, analyze and understand the role of Malian libraries in the development of Internet usage and services. Realized in 39 Internet-related documentary units, it exposes Internet Mali (history, strategies, representations, uses), analyzes the role and positioning of libraries in the democratization of Internet and information resources access. Finally, it tries to understand whether the actions of libraries in bond with Internet are part of a clear and mature strategy
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Prioste, Cláudia Dias. "O adolescente e a internet: laços e embaraços no mundo virtual." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/48/48134/tde-21052013-113556/.
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Tendo em vista o amplo acesso às tecnologias de informação e comunicação (TICs) na sociedade contemporânea, com a promessa de um mundo virtual sem limites exercendo intenso poder de atração sobre os jovens, faz-se necessária a análise dos mecanismos ideológicos de manipulação psicológica postos em ação pela indústria cultural global no seio da subjetividade juvenil. Assim, o presente estudo teve como objetivo identificar os hábitos e os interesses dos adolescentes no ciberespaço, buscando apreender os possíveis efeitos em sua constituição subjetiva. A pesquisa empírica foi dividida em duas etapas desenvolvidas simultaneamente: a primeira constou de um percurso etnográfico na cibercultura com o intuito de desvendar os interesses econômicos subjacentes aos sites frequentados pelos jovens; a segunda etapa foi realizada em uma escola pública e em uma escola privada, localizadas em um mesmo bairro de São Paulo, onde foram aplicados 108 questionários aos estudantes do último ano do Ensino Fundamental, com idade entre 13 e 16 anos, de ambos os sexos. Na escola pública, foram realizadas observações participativas nas aulas de Informática Educativa. Em ambas efetuaram-se entrevistas com alunos considerados por seus colegas como os mais conectados à internet, bem como entrevistas complementares com professores, coordenadores e diretores. A interpretação e a análise dos dados fundamentaram-se na filosofia da educação, teoria crítica e psicanálise. Constatou-se que as atividades preferidas dos adolescentes consistiam em frequentar as redes sociais, jogar, assistir a vídeos, visitar home pages de celebridades e de pornografia. Concluiu-se que os jovens são atraídos pelo ciberespaço principalmente pela possibilidade de exercitar fantasias virtuais e se sentirem aceitos pelo grupo. Entre os meninos, prevaleciam as fantasias onipotentes e sádicas, com as seguintes temáticas: o terrorista/policial, o herói/sobrenatural, o hacker/expert. Entre as meninas, eram frequentes as fantasias românticas, cujos temas principais envolviam: a amada/escolhida, a mãe/bebê, a celebridade. Observou-se que as fantasias virtuais são produzidas pela indústria audiovisual, geralmente, a partir de componentes perverso-polimórficos reeditados, identificados pelo que T. W. Adorno denominou de psicanálise às avessas. Ao se fixarem nas fantasias virtuais por meio das próteses digitais imagéticas, a capacidade dos jovens de apreensão das experiências de suas vidas sofrem alterações significativas, dificultando a reflexão sobre estas. O investimento libidinal nos dispositivos televisuais, reduzido às satisfações escopofílicas e à excitação constante dos sentidos, não contribui para a assunção epistemofílica, resultando no empobrecimento do imaginário e do simbólico. No ciberespaço os adolescentes têm seus direitos de proteção violados, uma vez que seus psiquismos ainda se encontram em desenvolvimento. Os interesses no lucro parecem prevalecer em relação a qualquer dimensão ética envolvida. Nesse contexto, a internet, ao invés de ser um importante instrumento de ampliação do conhecimento e de participação social, da maneira como tem sido utilizada, tem contribuído para a alienação e fixação em satisfações narcísicas. Assim, conclui-se ser importante não somente a inclusão digital, no sentido de apropriação das TICs nos ambientes escolares, mas também uma efetiva formação crítica dos jovens em relação às mídias, fornecendo-lhes condições para que possam refletir sobre as ficções nas quais estão inseridos.In light of the wide access to the information and communication technologies (ICT) in the contemporary society, which by promising limitless virtual world exert strong power of attraction on the young people, we consider it is necessary to analyze the ideological mechanisms of psychological manipulation in action by the global culture industry in young subjectivity. Thus, the present study aimed to identify the adolescent habits and interests in cyberspace in order to understand the possible consequences in their subjective constitution. This empirical research was divided into two phases performed simultaneously: the first one was composed by an ethnographic journey through cyberculture, aiming to find out the economic interests behind the sites most visited by the adolescents; the second phase was carried out in one public and one private school placed in the same neighborhood in São Paulo, where 108 questionnaires were applied to the 13 to 16-year-old boys and girls students in the last year of Secondary School. In the public school, participant observation was the approach used in the Educational Computing classes. Interviews were done in both schools with the students known as the most connected to the internet as well as additional interviews with the teachers, coordinators, and principals. Data interpretation and analysis were based on philosophy of education, critical theory and psychoanalysis. We have found that the adolescent favorite activities consisted of frequently going to social networks, playing games, watching videos, visiting celebrities home pages and pornography. We concluded that the adolescents are mainly attracted to cyberspace for their possibility to exercise virtual fantasies and feel accepted by their group. Among the boys prevailed omnipotent and sadistic fantasies with the following thematic features: the terrorist/policeman, the hero/supernatural, the hacker/expert. Among the girls, romantic fantasies were usual and involved mainly these themes: the beloved/chosen, the mother/baby, the celebrity. We noticed that the virtual fantasies are produced by the audiovisual industry generally out of perverse-polymorphic components reedited, identified by T.W. Adorno as psychoanalysis in reverse. When the adolescents get fixed to virtual fantasies by means of imagetic digital prostheses, their capacity of apprehending their own experiences in life suffers significant changes, hindering their reflection about them. The libidinal investment in televisual devices, reduced to scopophiliac gratification and constant excitement of the senses, doesnt contribute to the epistemophilic assumption - which results in imaginary and symbolic impoverishing. In cyberspace the adolescents have their protection rights violated since their psychism are still in process of development. Interests in making money seem to prevail over any ethical dimension involved. In this context, rather than being an important instrument to expand knowledge and social participation, the way the internet has being used it has contributed to the alienation and fixation in narcissistic gratification. Therefore, we have concluded that digital inclusion is important - meaning ICTs appropriation in the school environment - but also young peoples effective critical thinking formation with regard to the media, in order to offer them conditions to reflect about the fictions where they are inserted in.
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Ramos, Toledano Joan. "Propiedad intelectual: transformaciones jurídicas y conflictos sociales en el ámbito de internet. Un debate sobre la socialización de la cultura." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/662849.
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La propiedad intelectual es una figura jurídica presente en una gran cantidad de ordenamientos jurídicos de todo el mundo. Ello se explica por sus beneficios teóricos, tanto para los artistas y creadores como para la industria que rodea los bienes culturales. Incluso, a través de la figura del dominio público —que es el resultado de la caducidad de los derechos de autor— se esgrime que los bienes retornan a la sociedad y, por lo tanto, se posibilita que ésta pueda disfrutar de ellos libremente. En el presente trabajo, por el contrario, se defiende que la propiedad intelectual y el copyright son figuras cuya principal función es la de garantizar el funcionamiento de los bienes culturales como objeto de comercio. Esta situación tiene consecuencias negativas para los artistas y creadores, que no logran obtener los recursos suficientes de su actividad artística; también para la población, que sólo puede acceder a los bienes culturales mediante intercambios mercantiles o gracias a la intervención de entes públicos. Esta dinámica de funcionamiento, sin embargo, se ha visto afectada por la aparición de nuevos fenómenos tecnológicos, en especial la digitalización e internet, lo que ha permitido percibir con mayor claridad algunos problemas e incongruencias de la figura de la propiedad intelectual.La propietat intel·lectual és una figura jurídica que es troba present a una gran quantitat d’ordenaments jurídics de tot el món. La qual cosa s’explica pels teòrics beneficis que té tant pels artistes com per la indústria que rodeja els béns culturals. Inclús, a través de la figura del domini públic —que és resultat de la caducitat dels drets d’autor— s’esgrimeix que els béns retornen a la societat per tal que aquesta en pugui gaudir lliurement. Contràriament, en el present treball es defèn que la propietat intel·lectual i el copyright són figures la principal funció de les quals és la de garantir el funcionament dels béns culturals com a objecte de comerç. Això té unes conseqüències negatives pels artistes i creadors, que no aconsegueixen obtenir els recursos suficients de la seva activitat artística; també per a la població, que només pot accedir als béns culturals mitjançant intercanvis mercantils o gràcies a la intervenció d’ens públics. Aquests dinàmica de funcionament, no obstant, s’ha vist afectada per l’aparició de nous fenòmens tecnològics, en especial la digitalització i internet, cosa que ha permès percebre amb una major claredat alguns dels problemes i incongruències de la figura de la propietat intel·lectual.
Copyright is a legal concept present in a large number of legal systems around de world. This is explained by its theoretical benefits, both for artists and creators as for the industry that surrounds cultural goods. Even through the figure of the public domain, which results from the expiration of copyright, it is argued that goods return to society and, therefore, enable it to freely enjoy them. In the present dissertation, on the contrary, it is defended that copyright is a figure whose main function is to guarantee that cultural goods can function as commodities. This has negative consequences for artists and creators, who fail to obtain sufficient resources from their artistic activity; Also for the population, who can only access cultural goods through market exchanges or thanks to the intervention of public entities. This dynamic of operation, however, has been affected by the appearance of new technological phenomena, especially digitization and the internet, which has allowed to perceive more clearly some problems and inconsistencies of the intellectual property figure.
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Jankeviciute, Laura. "Internet et les préadolescents : quels usages ? : approche visuelle et participative." Phd thesis, Université Michel de Montaigne - Bordeaux III, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00995069.
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Notre thèse évoque les usages d'Internet des préadolescents âgés de 11 à 14 ans, dans toute leur complexité d'une manière anthropologique et ethno-qualitative. D'une part, elle présente une démarche scientifique appliquée et ses principes en se focalisant sur le courant méthodologique des Visual Methodologies, et plus particulièrement sur les méthodes visuelles participatives utilisées durant l'étude dans deux collèges publics bordelais. Et d'autre part, elle fournit l'analyse des résultats de cette étude afin de démontrer comment, grâce à la création de collages et de dessins et aux entretiens menés avec la technique " dessin/collage-élicitation ", les préadolescents ont pu construire un modèle métaphorique de leur lien avec Internet. Notre thèse contribue à la compréhension des dynamiques sociales, culturelles et identitaires qui se créent à travers les dispositifs en ligne et se manifestent chez le public des préadolescents. Nous examinons la façon dont le public en question, à travers ses interactions numériques, comportements, routines, jeux, construit un espace culturel en ligne et comment, à leur tour, les différentes formes d'activités et d'expression influencent leur monde : leurs relations, leur identité et leur quotidien.
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Goasdoué, Guillaume. "La construction des pratiques informationnelles par le(s) public(s) des médias : trajectoire biographique, parcours de pratique, culture informationnelle médiatique." Thesis, Paris 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA020091.
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Pourquoi les individus s‟informent et comment en arrivent-ils à consommer certains types d‟actualités et de médias au cours de leur vie ? À partir de ces questionnements nous avons interrogé quarante-six personnes aux profils contrastés pour mettre en parallèle les trajectoires biographiques et les parcours de pratiques informationnelles médiatiques. La première partie traite de la socialisation aux médias en pointant l‟influence de la classe sociale, de la famille,du sexe et du rapport à l‟école et à la lecture. Sont également mis en avant le rôle des études supérieures (durée et filière) et le niveau de politisation. Dans la deuxième partie nous interrogeons la compétence politique, les contextes de consommation et les capacités techniques. Un développement est spécialement consacré à l‟incidence d‟une « culture informationnelle médiatique » dans le processus individuel d‟appropriation des actualités. Ce travail contribue également aux réflexions méthodologiques qui concernent l‟étude des publics des médias, de la politisation et des usages des technologies de l‟information et de la communication (TIC). Les résultats invitent à appréhender le niveau d‟instruction et la position sociale comme les principaux facteurs explicatifs des comportements informationnelsHow do people get informed and are brought to pay attention to news and how do they go about consuming different types of news and media during their lives? With these questionsin mind we interviewed forty six individuals with various and diverse profiles so as to try tocompare their media practice itineraries. The first part focuses on socialization and media,particularly on what influences news consumption: social class, gender, family structure, and personal experience of schooling and reading. We also try to focus on the role of superior studies (field and duration) and the level of political awareness. In the second part we willfurther develop the various aspects of political sophistication, context of consumption(situation), and knowledge of technologies. One section is specifically dedicated to theconcept of "media information culture" in the individual process of appropriation of the news.This work also contributes to the methodological reflection regarding the study of media audiences, politics and use of information and communication technologies (ICT). The results invite to consider the level of education and social situation as primary factors explaining information and news consumption related behaviors
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Costa, Custódia do Sacramento Ferro. "Desenvolvimento e comunicação : a comunicação por carta no tempo presente e a sua relação com o desenvolvimento económico, social e cultural em Portugal." Doctoral thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/4272.
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Doutoramento em EconomiaA modernidade contemporânea em todas as épocas da história provoca perplexidades. Este princípio do século XXI também vem surpreendendo pelas novidades resultantes dos avanços das tecnologias de informação e comunicação. Vamos mudando as formas de viver, em particular as formas de comunicar entre pessoas e organizações. Um importante contributo para essa mudança é o das redes de comunicação sobre as quais funciona a Internet. Com este recurso, que tornou possível o correio electrónico, deixou de ser necessário enviar e receber todas as cartas, que antes eram necessárias para realizar muitos dos actos de relação económica e pessoal. O uso do correio electrónico em vez da carta física juntamente com alguns focos de crise económica levaram a que, em Portugal, como em muitos outros países, o tráfego de correio surpreendesse com uma diminuição absoluta neste princípio de século, coisa que só se tinha registado em períodos de guerra. O acto de escrever uma carta ou um qualquer meio electrónico alternativo, dá corpo a um processo de comunicação interpessoal que se desenrola de forma diversa conforme as condições do indivíduo e o nível de desenvolvimento de cada país. É desta problemática que se ocupa o presente trabalho. Num primeiro momento estuda a relação macro económica entre desenvolvimento e tráfego postal, em cerca de 50 países, de elevado e baixo nível de desenvolvimento, através de uma análise macro econométrica cross section. O segundo momento de investigação, micro económico, incide sobre uma amostra de 900 indivíduos da população portuguesa e visou reconhecer, avaliar e interpretar os seus comportamentos face aos meios de comunicação escrita interpessoal: carta, fax, e-mail e SMS. A principal conclusão do estudo macro é de que a relação positiva esperada entre desenvolvimento e tráfego de correspondências que se observa historicamente só se verifica para os países de desenvolvimento elevado. O principal traço conclusivo do estudo micro é de que a substituição da carta por meios electrónicos alternativos está de facto a ocorrer em Portugal nos estratos populacionais mais jovens, mais educados e cultos e com maior nível de bem-estar, que ainda constituem minoria na população.
Contemporary modernity gives rise to perplexities in all periods of history. This XXIth century principle is also creating surprise due to the novelties resulting from the advance of information and communication technologies. The ways of living change, particularly the ways how people and organizations communicate between each other. An important contribution to this change is the networks in which the internet is based. With this recourse, which made possible the electronic mail, sending and receiving all those letters that in the past were so necessary for bringing about many of the economic and personal relation acts is no longer needful. Electronic mail as a substitute for the material letter, together with some focuses of economical crises, led the postal traffic in Portugal as in many other countries to a surprisingly absolute decrease in the beginning of this century, a fact that was only registered in war times. The act of writing a letter or any other alternative electronic mean nourishes a process of interpersonal communication which unfolds itself in many a way, according to the individual conditions and the development level of each country. It is on this issue that the present work deals with. In an initial phase it studies the macro economical relation between development and postal traffic in about 50 countries of high and low levels of development, through a cross section macro econometrical analysis. The second phase of the investigation, the micro economical, falls upon a sample of 900 individuals of the Portuguese population and sought to acknowledge, appraise and interpret their conduct in the sight of the interpersonal written communication means: letter, fax, e-mail and SMS. The main conclusion of the macro study is that the expected positive relation between development and correspondence traffic that is historically observed it can only be ascertained in connection with the high developed countries. The main conclusive line of the micro study is that alternative electronic means as a substitute for letters is indeed occurring in Portugal in the youngest, more well-bred and cultivated and with higher welfare conditions population strata, which are still representative of a minority in the national population.
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Montsho, Richard Kgomotso. "Exploring internal communication within the government communication and information system." Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/32043.
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The fundamental nature of the research question for this study was centred on the
functions of internal communication. It was within this context that functionalism as
theoretical approach was selected for the study of internal communication within the
Government Communication and Information System (GCIS) in South Africa.
Functionalism’s interest in the structure and function of communication is evident in its
major assumption, namely that the phenomenon of mass communication is a system that
is a whole consisting of several interrelated and interdependent parts. In addition two
related theories, systems theory and classical management theory, were employed as
departure for the study.
Related literature on internal communication bears evidence that the flow of internal
communication differs from one environment to the other. This depends on the type of
information that has been communicated and the type of organisation in which the
internal communication occurs. Managing employees effectively requires communication
and the quality of communication amongst the people that comprise an organisation is a
crucial variable in determining organisational success. This requires a common
understanding of the role and structure of communication and its functions.
Internal communication is the strength of any organisation. Communication scholars such
as Verwey and Du Plooy (2003), Kitchen and Daly (2002), Gibson and Hodgetts (1991),
Murabe (1990) and numerous others already demonstrated the overwhelming importance
of internal communication in today’s business environment. Internal communication
creates a platform for participative decision making, employees’ interaction, information
sharing, creativity and innovation, as well as an environment that fosters productivity and
creates a sense of organisational ownership.A comprehensive internal communication system is required to unambiguously translate
the vision, mission and strategic objectives of any organisation into reality. Furthermore
effective internal communication has a potential to build and sustain social interaction
within the organisation and most importantly to drive a service delivery message to all
employees. Effective communication and service delivery have recently become issue of
exceptional importance in government departments in South Africa, particularly in
government agencies.
Factors such as organisational culture and leadership style have an influence on internal
communication. Organisational culture defines and describes what the organisation
stands for. Leadership is very critical for internal communication as it informs the
organisation’s vision. If the leadership is negatively inclined, there is no way in which the
internal communication will thrive. It is always advisable to strike a balance between
organisational culture, leadership and internal communication.
The findings of this study indicate that management and employees of the GCIS perceive
the function of internal communication differently; that both management and
employees have inadequate general understanding of the communication channels and
communication structure within the GCIS and reveal that though there are numerous
communication channels available, only few are used and preferred within the GCIS.
The selection and the understanding of communication channels within the organisation
are critical elements for internal communication. Therefore, the communication
department or division should ensure broader consultation with all key stakeholders
within the organisation. It is regrettable to have communication channels within the
organisation that are not understood by the majority of employees and to discover that out
of the twenty that are implemented, only five are mainly used and two preferred by most
of the management and the employees.Dissertation (MPhil)--University of Pretoria, 2013.
hb2013
Marketing Management
unrestricted
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Zhang, Jinghuai, and Siqi Lin. "Finding an Appropriate Means of Internal Marketing under Differing Cultural Circumstances : a Case Study of Swedbank (Sweden) & Minsheng Bank (China)." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för ekonomi, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-11248.
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Research Objects: we choose two banks as research objects. One is a Swedish bank, Swedbank, which was founded in 1820, the other is a Chinese bank, Minsheng Bank (CMBC), which is a new bank when compared with Swedbank. Purpose & Aim: The 2008 financial crisis hurt banks badly, and consequently how they can become stronger to resist future crises and gain competitive advantages is a key topic for them. There is no doubt that there are many factors that makes a bank successful, but employees are one of the most important factors in a service industry. Therefore, this research study is focused on internal marketing in banks. In addition, this study will attempt to assess whether two banks can learn from each other through the comparison of their internal marketing efforts. Research Methodology: this study will rely on the data collected from the interviews with a manager and an employee from two banks. Books and articles are also been used for secondary data collection. Findings & Conclusion: The research revealed that Swedbank tend to do a better job in satisfying employees' needs, sharing value, having an appropriate organisational culture and being more conscious to treat the employees as customers, in comparison with CMBC. While CMBC need to make more effort in this regard, it does not mean that they must copy what Swedbank do, but rather to establish an appropriate organisational culture for their own internal market. Contribution & Suggestion: In the end, the suggestions have been listed for both banks to improve their internal marketing programme.
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Lederman, Jonathan E. "Ethical applications of free culture applied for art education : piloting chinavine as an interactive model." Honors in the Major Thesis, University of Central Florida, 2010. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETH/id/1444.
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This item is only available in print in the UCF Libraries. If this is your Honors Thesis, you can help us make it available online for use by researchers around the world by following the instructions on the distribution consent form at http://library.ucf.edu/Systems/DigitalInitiatives/DigitalCollections/InternetDistributionConsentAgreementForm.pdf You may also contact the project coordinator, Kerri Bottorff, at kerri.bottorff@ucf.edu for more information.Bachelors
Arts and Humanities
Philosophy
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Sequeiros, Paula. "Ler uma biblioteca nas inscrições de leitores, espaço e Internet : usos e representações de biblioteca pública." Doctoral thesis, Porto : [Edição do Autor], 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10216/50425.
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Apresenta-se investigação, teoricamente orientada e empiricamente suportada, explorando e desenvolvendo possíveis relações entre usos da biblioteca pública, nas vertentes do uso de recursos documentais, do espaço e da Internet, por um lado, e, por outro, as suas representações. Recorrendo a uma abordagem qualitativa, aplicou-se o método de caso alargado, de Michael Burawoy, à Biblioteca Almeida Garrett na cidade do Porto. As ferramentas de recolha de informação foram entrevistas semiestruturadas, em profundidade, análise de desenhos de crianças, observação, análise documental de textos oficiais e fotografia. Entrevistaram-se vários leitores e leitoras, incluindo não-utilizadores de Internet, responsáveis, técnicos e pessoal de atendimento da biblioteca, assim como o arquitecto. Como resultados intermédios são apresentados vários perfis de utilizadores e é avançada uma explicação para a génese e funcionamento dum sistema tácito de regulação de condutas, sobretudo no que ao ruído diz respeito. Como resultado final conclui-se que não há nenhum «impacte» claramente disruptivo induzido pela Internet nas representações recolhidas e analisadas, colocadas em relação com as alterações recentemente registadas nas práticas leiturais: algumas imagens representacionais há em que a Internet reforça a imagem tradicional de biblioteca como organização enciclopédica, como conjunto de recursos diversificados; outras há em que, se o seu uso contribuirá, por um lado, para esse reforço, por outro, atualiza e democratiza essa representação pela abertura a práticas não eruditas e pela propiciação de usos recreativos, ou ainda de usos comunicacionais e instrumentais baseados na Internet; em situações mais extremas, quando biblioteca e Internet se usam como termos sinónimos da gramática representacional, (...).
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Shackelford, Katya A. "Complexities of Participation: Education and Authority in Primary Care Patient-Provider Interactions in the age of the Internet." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2012. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/72.
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This thesis is about primary care medicine in the United States today. Specifically, I look into primary care providers’ experiences working with patients in the context of the public’s current access to extensive health and medical information online. In this thesis, I discuss and analyze my conversations with physicians, nurse practitioners, and a physicians’ assistant about their objectives in primary care, the challenges they face, and their perceptions of patients’ ability to seek out information on their own. I explore providers’ educational emphasis in primary care consultations, and argue that this focus on education informs their views of patients’ independent research and involvement in care. I further argue that regardless of my informants’ enthusiasm about patient involvement and the merits of patient-education, these providers still hold and express a strong authority over medical knowledge and decisions. Thus in looking at the influence of what could be seen as a democratization of medical knowledge through public access and the Internet, it seems that the limitations of such access are still great in U.S. medical practice.
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Al-Qarni, Ali. "The information revolution, globalisation, and the Arab world : a study of the new media (satellite broadcasting and the Internet) and its impact on the politics and culture of the Arab world." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.407760.
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Toufar, David. "Analýza vnitrofiremní komunikace a nástrojů ICT využívaných ke komunikaci v malé a středně velké firmě." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-114204.
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This thesis deals with problems of communication inside the company, especially with focus on its practical use in specific companies. The main objective was to describe and asses the state of communication and ICT tools used by small and medium sized companies. I aim to identify weak spots of internal communication and suggest possible solutions for removing them. Basic terms such as data, information, knowledge, communications, and internal company communication, ICT tools, used by small and medium sized companies, company culture and their respective relations are described in the first part of this thesis. The research part uses the data acquired in the first part to analyze internal company communication, and ICT tools used for communication by specific companies. Result of the thesis is the detailed analysis of internal company communication, comparison and specific suggestions for weak spots removal and achieving higher effectively of communications.
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Romangnolli, Marisa [UNESP]. "O diálogo entre trabalhadores em saúde e usuários: análise do processo de comunicação praticado em um hospital público sob a ótica das tensões sociais." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/89474.
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romangnolli_m_me_bauru.pdf: 1709869 bytes, checksum: c1e38555059161e45bb46f1403581895 (MD5)Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
Analisa a dinâmica do relacionamento entre cidadãos usuários do sistema público de saúde e hospital universitário público, pelo viés da comunicação. O foco estabelecido é o diálogo praticado no âmbito hospitalar na prestação de serviços de saúde, as estratégias utilizadas nesse processo e os fatores que influenciam essa prática. A organização pesquisada, o Hospital de Reabilitação de Anomalias Craniofaciais da Universidade de São Paulo (HRAC/USP), situado em Bauru (SP), atende a pacientes de todas as regiões do país, estabelecendo um relacionamento com os usuários por um tempo variável entre 18 a 20 anos devido à característica de sua atuação, a reabilitação das anomalias craniofaciais e dificiências auditivas. Considerou preceitos teóricos nas áreas de origens e panorama dos sistemas de atenção à saúde, o poder representado pela detenção da informação nesse contexto, comunicação em saúde, práticas comunicativas em ambiente hospitalar, cultura e comunicação organizacional, e vínculos sociais e organizacionais, em contraponto com a realidade instalada no campo de observação. Na pesquisa de campo foram entrevistados 80 indivíduos, sendo 40 trabalhadores em saúde. De suas percepções, foi possível identificar como ocorre o diálogo no HRAC-USP no contexto do relacionamento entre ambos os atores sociais, suas consequências tanto na prática profissional dos trabalhadores como na reabilitação dos usuários, e também na construção da autoimagem dos usuários enquanto cidadãos. Ao mesmo tempo, o trabalho se preocupou em identificar as ações de comunicação nesse panorama e as percepções dos grupos amostrais sobre o papel da gestão da comunicação nesse contexto
The present study analyses the relationship dynamics between users citizens of the public health care and a public teaching hospital through the angle of communication. The established focus is the dialog practiced in a hospital environment on healthcare services, the strategies used in this factors that influence this practice. The organization researched, the Hospital for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies of the University of São Paulo (HRAC-USP), located in Bauru (state of São Paulo), treats patients of all regions of the country, establishing a relationship with the users for a variable time of 18 through 20 years due to its acting characteristics, the rehabilitation of craniofacial anomalies and hearing disorders. This work considered theoretical percepts on the scenario of healthcare systems and its origins, the power represented by information retaining on this context, communications in health, communicative practices on hospital environment, culture and organizational communications, and organizations bonds, in opposite to the reality of installed on the observation field. 80 individuals were interviewed on the research field, being 40 users and 40 health professionals. From their perceptions, it was possible to identify how the dialog occurs in the HRAC-USP on the context of relationship between both social actors, its consequences on the professional's practice as much as user's rehabilitation, and also on the construction of the user's self-image construction as citizens. At the same time, this work tried to identify the communication actions on this scenario and the perceptions of sample groups about the role of communication managment on this context
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Entraygues, Adeline. "La place des réseaux socionumériques dans la culture de l'information : pratiques prescrites scolaires et pratiques d'information informelles des jeunes dans le second degré." Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2020. http://scd.u-bordeaux-montaigne.fr/these/acces_reserve.php.
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Nos travaux de recherche ont pour but de questionner les enjeux épistémologiques de la culture de l’information et la place des RSN dans un contexte scolaire. À travers le prisme des pratiques d’information prescrites et informelles sur les RSN, il s’agit d’étudier comment se forme une culture de l’information multiscalaire et stratiforme. Les pratiques d’information juvéniles sur les RSN, qui se répartissent entre partage et recherche d’informations et communication entre pairs, questionnent la pédagogie documentaire mise en oeuvre par les enseignants-documentalistes, responsables, au sein de l’école, de l'Éducation aux Médias et à l’Information. Quels liens entre pratiques prescrites documentaires et pratiques informelles juvéniles ? En quoi les pratiques pédagogiques documentaires prescrites par l’enseignant documentaliste influencent-elles les pratiques d’information informelles juvéniles sur les RSN ? Quelles formes pour la culture de l’information centrée autour des RSN ? Pour répondre à ces interrogations, nous avons mis en oeuvre une méthodologie compréhensive combinant entretiens et observations de séances et mobilisant analyse des discours et des documents pédagogiques. Par le biais d’un apprentissage informationnel prescrit, une culture de l’information se dessine vers une approche critique de l’information prenant la forme d’une éducation à une maîtrise de l’information opérationnelle et conceptuelle et façonnant une culture de la citoyenneté informationnelleThe purpose of our research is to question the epistemological issues of information culture and the place of SNSs in a school context. Through the prism of prescribed and informal information practices on NSRs, the aim is to study how a multi-layered and stratified information culture is being formed.Juvenile information practices on SNSs, which are divided between sharing and searching for information and communication between peers, question the documentary pedagogy implemented by teacher-librarians, who are responsible, within the school, for Media and Information Education.What are the links between prescribed documentary practices and informal juvenile practices? How do teacher-prescribed documentary pedagogical practices influence juvenile informal information practices on SNSs? What forms for information culture centred around SNSs? To answer these questions, we have implemented a comprehensive methodology combining interviews and observations of sessions and mobilizing analysis of speeches and pedagogical documents. Through the prism of prescribed information learning, one can observe that an information culture is emerging that is moving towards a critical approach to information taking the form of operational and conceptual information literacy education and shaping a culture of information citizenship
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Fraser, Henry. "Copyright and culture : a qualitative theory." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2018. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:cd4e645a-7e45-4309-bc68-e115e1fa306d.
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Copyright is conventionally justified as an incentive to produce and disseminate works of authorship. We can justify and theorise copyright more richly, not least because empirical evidence does not support the incentive narrative. Rather than focussing on quantitative matters such as the number of works incentivised and produced, we should consider copyright's qualitative influence on culture. A threshold objection to such an approach is the risk of cultural paternalism. This objection can be overcome. Rather than specifying paternalistic standards of merit for works, we can target the conditions under which their creation and consumption takes place. I argue, firstly, that we should adopt the following high-level principles: (i) that the conditions of creation and consumption of works should be conducive to democratic deliberation (democracy) and (ii) that they should facilitate the development of human capabilities (autonomy). Secondly, I propose that we pursue three mid-level objectives, which are helpful indicia of democracy and autonomy: - a fair and wide distribution of communicative and cultural power (inclusiveness); - diversity in the content and perspectives available to the public (diversity); and - conditions that permit authors and users of works to engage rigorously with the conventions of the media in which they operate (rigour). It is often said that copyright obstructs important qualitative objectives, like freedom of expression, and that we could better pursue these goals by weakening copyright and relying on non-proprietary alternatives. My approach produces a more optimistic, but also more complicated, view of copyright. While copyright's qualitative influence is not optimal, reductions in the strength and scope of copyright sometimes produces conditions and incentive structures that are worse for inclusiveness, diversity and rigour than stronger copyright. For example, both attention and wealth are highly concentrated in networked information economies driven by free sharing of content, and this is bad for diversity or inclusiveness. Online business models, based on surveillance of users' consumption of free works, are corrosive of autonomy and democracy. Merely removing copyright-based restrictions on the sharing of works is not a panacea for copyright's ills. A qualitative theory such as mine equips us to better understand and calibrate more richly the trade-offs involved in copyright policy decisions, and encourages us to treat copyright as part of a broader, qualitatively-oriented information and cultural policy.
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Romangnolli, Marisa. "O diálogo entre trabalhadores em saúde e usuários : análise do processo de comunicação praticado em um hospital público sob a ótica das tensões sociais /." Bauru : [s.n.], 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/89474.
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Orientador: Maria Teresa Miceli KerbauyBanca: Maria Aparecida Ferrari
Banca: Regina Célia Baptista Beluzzo
Resumo: Analisa a dinâmica do relacionamento entre cidadãos usuários do sistema público de saúde e hospital universitário público, pelo viés da comunicação. O foco estabelecido é o diálogo praticado no âmbito hospitalar na prestação de serviços de saúde, as estratégias utilizadas nesse processo e os fatores que influenciam essa prática. A organização pesquisada, o Hospital de Reabilitação de Anomalias Craniofaciais da Universidade de São Paulo (HRAC/USP), situado em Bauru (SP), atende a pacientes de todas as regiões do país, estabelecendo um relacionamento com os usuários por um tempo variável entre 18 a 20 anos devido à característica de sua atuação, a reabilitação das anomalias craniofaciais e dificiências auditivas. Considerou preceitos teóricos nas áreas de origens e panorama dos sistemas de atenção à saúde, o poder representado pela detenção da informação nesse contexto, comunicação em saúde, práticas comunicativas em ambiente hospitalar, cultura e comunicação organizacional, e vínculos sociais e organizacionais, em contraponto com a realidade instalada no campo de observação. Na pesquisa de campo foram entrevistados 80 indivíduos, sendo 40 trabalhadores em saúde. De suas percepções, foi possível identificar como ocorre o diálogo no HRAC-USP no contexto do relacionamento entre ambos os atores sociais, suas consequências tanto na prática profissional dos trabalhadores como na reabilitação dos usuários, e também na construção da autoimagem dos usuários enquanto cidadãos. Ao mesmo tempo, o trabalho se preocupou em identificar as ações de comunicação nesse panorama e as percepções dos grupos amostrais sobre o papel da gestão da comunicação nesse contexto
Abstract: The present study analyses the relationship dynamics between users citizens of the public health care and a public teaching hospital through the angle of communication. The established focus is the dialog practiced in a hospital environment on healthcare services, the strategies used in this factors that influence this practice. The organization researched, the Hospital for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies of the University of São Paulo (HRAC-USP), located in Bauru (state of São Paulo), treats patients of all regions of the country, establishing a relationship with the users for a variable time of 18 through 20 years due to its acting characteristics, the rehabilitation of craniofacial anomalies and hearing disorders. This work considered theoretical percepts on the scenario of healthcare systems and its origins, the power represented by information retaining on this context, communications in health, communicative practices on hospital environment, culture and organizational communications, and organizations bonds, in opposite to the reality of installed on the observation field. 80 individuals were interviewed on the research field, being 40 users and 40 health professionals. From their perceptions, it was possible to identify how the dialog occurs in the HRAC-USP on the context of relationship between both social actors, its consequences on the professional's practice as much as user's rehabilitation, and also on the construction of the user's self-image construction as citizens. At the same time, this work tried to identify the communication actions on this scenario and the perceptions of sample groups about the role of communication managment on this context
Mestre
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Fong, John. "Electronic word-of-mouth and country-of-origin effects a cross-cultural analysis of discussion boards /." Phd thesis, Australia : Macquarie University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.14/28611.
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Thesis by publication.Thesis (PhD) -- Macquarie University, Macquarie Graduate School of Management, 2008.
Bibliography: leaves 124-133.
Introduction - Literature review -- Online word-of-mouth: a comparison of American and Chinese discussion boards -- Electronic word-of-mouth: a comparison of stated and revealed behaviour on electronic discussion boards -- A cross-cultural comparison of electronic word-of-mouth and country-of-origin effects -- Conclusion.
The growth of electronic discussion boards has enabled consumers from different cultures to communicate with people of similar interests. Through this online channel, marketing concepts such as word-of-mouth (WOM) and country-of-origin (CoO) effects have the potential to become more important because of the potentially large number of participants involved. The US and China, being the largest and second-largest online population in the world respectively, are ideal countries to investigate the frequency and extent of these marketing concepts. --The thesis consists of three separate but inter-related papers which have been published in journals or have been accepted for publication. Each paper builds on the one before and analyses different aspects of online consumer behaviour such as information-giving, information-seeking and the CoO statements made by participants of discussion boards. By examining and comparing the frequency and content of discussion postings on discussion boards within US and China based websites, the thesis makes a comparison of the information-giving and information-seeking behaviour of the discussants and also looks at the extent and the content of CoO statements made. Online observation of discussion postings from six different discussion boards (three each from the US and China) was conducted over two 90-day period in 2004 and 2005 and a total of 5,993 discussion postings were downloaded for analysis. In addition, an online survey of 214 participants was conducted to compare the stated and actual (or "revealed") behaviour of discussants on the US and China based discussion boards. -- Overall, the findings indicate consistent differences over a 12-month period in the bahaviour of the US and Chinese discussants. The US discussants were found to provide more information than their Chinese counterparts while the Chinese discussants exhibited more information-seeking bahaviour on the discussion boards. The findings also indicate that the Chinese discussants demonstrated more negative CoO statements and these statements were observed to be related to Japan and/or brands that originated from Japan. The findings suggest that such negative CoO statements can increase rapidly online and it appears that the negative sentiments by the Chinese were apparently unrelated to product quality; instead they appear to have been predominantly associated with war related animosity. -- These findings have important implications for marketers selling to the Chinese as discussion boards appear to be more important as a source of information for the Chinese than the Americans. Also, given that the Chinese discussants demonstrated a high level of negative CoO statements relating to products from Japan, marketers selling Japanese products to the Chinese must understand the underlying issues related to these negativeCoO statements and take steps to prevent non-purchase of Japanese products.
Mode of access: World Wide Web.
vii, 133 leaves ill
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Baugess, Betsy. "Examining Social Network Site Usage by Older Adults: A Phenomenological Approach." NSUWorks, 2015. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/gscis_etd/37.
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The Internet has infiltrated our daily lives in many ways. Social networking on the Internet is a great example of how the Internet has expanded interpersonal communication. Many individuals have made social networking sites, like FaceBook and Twitter, an essential part of their lives and use these platforms to communicate daily. Until recently, young people have been the primary participants in this fast-growing phenomenon, and older adults' participation in the Internet, specifically social networking sites, has lagged far behind. However, in recent years, there has been a noteworthy increase in the number of older adult participants. The increase in older adult participation in social networking sites is important because it seems to signify a decrease in the Internet usage gap called the "digital divide", and because there is strong evidence older adults may greatly benefit from social networking activity. The aging of the Baby Boomers has resulted in significant growth in the senior age group, reinforcing the timely importance of considering the older adults' "digital divide". This study uses a phenomenological approach to explore the experience of older adult users of social networking sites to determine the reasons why more older adults are now making social networking sites part of their lives. The study revealed both negative and positive influences on this choice that include: early negative personal experiences with technology, positive family influences, an increasing prevalence of technology, and technology's transition from complexity of use to ease of use. Although some resulting attitudes of older adults are negative, such as a need to control the role of social media in their life, online social networking plays a positive role in their lives. The probing, detailed nature of this phenomenological study clarifies influences and offers new perspectives, implying that research could benefit from a broader and deeper inspection. Research should consider, as related to the use of technology by older adults, a closer look at the effectiveness of training, potential gender differences in the choice to use technology, and the consequences of negative technological experiences.
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Hamstra, Eric J. "Information operations in Iraq the Mufsiddoon versus the U.S. and Coalition forces /." Quantico, VA : Marine Corps Command and Staff College, 2008. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA491182.
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Vorster, Lize. "Shared mental models as a cultural phenomenon : fact or fiction? Using the card-sorting method to investigate the shared mental models of web users." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/1049.
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Assignment (MPhil (Afrikaans and Dutch))--University of Stellenbosch, 2006.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: In this study, the mental models of the target audience of the FACT web site (official Stellenbosch University HIV/Aids web site) were investigated and compared with the structure of the web site (representing the mental model of the expert). The target audience were divided into six groups representing three different race groups (white, coloured and black) and the two sexes (male and female).
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Umbert-Doig, Micaela. "Estudio comparativo sobre el uso del Internet en niños entre 8 y 10 años, de la institución educativa No. 1263, Puruchuco - Ate, Lima, Perú, en los años 2013 y 2016." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad de Lima, 2017. http://repositorio.ulima.edu.pe/handle/ulima/4699.
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Este estudio se centra en el uso del Internet en niños entre 8 y 10 años del colegio Puruchuco, en Ate Vitarte y consta de dos etapas que permitieron un análisis comparativo entre los años 2013 y 2016. Con este trabajo se buscó tener un diagnóstico de esta realidad y conocer así cuanto del potencial de las tecnologías está siendo aprovechado por los niños, y si es que se da una confluencia de intereses entre los niños, los padres y los docentes de la institución a la que asisten los niños. Se buscó así conocer como los niños perciben este medio, la frecuencia de su uso, los programas que utilizan, las diferencias entre niños y niñas, sus opiniones con respecto a sus beneficios y riesgos y si reciben algún acompañamiento o enseñanza por parte de sus padres o profesores.Trabajo de investigación
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Bilyayeva, Tetiana A. "Cross-Cultural Comparative Study of Users’ Perception of the Navigation Organization of an E-Commerce Web Application." UNF Digital Commons, 2012. http://digitalcommons.unf.edu/etd/413.
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The object of this study was to assess the influence of native language, as a principal cultural characteristic, one users’ behavior when using a web-based e-commerce application. The study expands on previous research by comparing English and Russian users. The research also considered demographic data to assess additional factors that influence behavior and task performance. The research design encompassed an online shopping application with two different navigation menus. One menu was based on the action-object model and the other was based on the object-action model. The user interface was created in two different languages (Russian and English). This study suggests that language, as a cultural indicator, has a direct relationship to user satisfaction and performance in e-commerce web applications.
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Fenton, Dennis, and Jesper Gardeblad. "Intranätets betydelse för organisationskultur och intern kommunikation : En fallstudie om anställdas upplevda användbarhet av intranätet som information- och kommunikationsverktyg." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Media- och kommunikationsvetenskap, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-36235.
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Anställdas upplevda användbarhet av intranät som informations- och kommunikationsverktyg En enkätstudie i samarbete med ICA Gruppen AB om hur intranätet Worknet används och upplevs ur ett medarbetarperspektiv. En organisation ställer höga krav på den interna kommunikationen. Den ska fungera väl, inspirerande och felfritt. En intern kommunikation som är effektiv har förmågan att ge de anställda en möjlighet att kommunicera med varandra. Den förmågan skapar en vi-anda. Detta gäller även om alla inte befinner sig på samma plats. Syftet med studien är att undersöka hur intranätet upplevs på ICA Gruppen AB från medarbetarnas perspektiv. Vad kan förbättras och förändras? På vilket sätt använder man intranätet och kan intranätet stärka den organisationskultur som lever inom ICA Gruppen AB? Studien utfördes med ett enkätformulär. Vi valde att lägga 14 enkätfrågor på intranätet som anställda fick möjlighet att svara på. De allra viktigaste resultaten som kom fram i studien var att majoriteten var nöjda med intranätet. Dock vill respondenterna se en förbättrad sökfunktion, både grafiskt och tekniskt. Intranätets nuvarande utformning bidrog till en viss “vi-känsla” inom organisationen men de fanns synpunkter där bland annat mer lokala nyheter efterfrågades. Man ville bygga ut den interna sidan med mer riktade nyheter. Resultatet visar att intranätet stärker organisationskulturen.
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Alghamdi, Ahmed Dirwish G. "An integrated model of the influence of personal psychological traits and cognitive beliefs on customer satisfaction and continuance intentions in relation to Internet banking usage within the Saudi Arabian context." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/3096.
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This thesis examines the effects of Culture, the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT), Expectation Confirmation Theory (ECT) and Technology Readiness (TR) on the satisfaction and usage continuance intention of Internet banking customers within the Saudi Arabian context. The aim is to develop and test a new framework for use in determining the factors that affect Internet banking customers’ actual usage behaviours, with a special focus on the role of cognitive processes, and cultural and personal psychological traits. This research uses cross-sectional survey questionnaire methods within a quantitative approach. 261 valid responses were received. Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) was used to test the hypothesised relationships within the research model in Analysis of Moment Structures (AMOS 20) software. ECT is well established in conventional marketing literature and explains how cognitive beliefs and affects lead to customers’ repurchasing behaviour. It was first adopted for the Information Systems (IS) context and then customised to explain IS continuance intention behaviour. However, previous ECT customisations in the IS context present a significant knowledge gap because technology-based services are sensitive to individuals’ psychological traits, which ECT does not account for. This research integrates psychological traits and culture into the ECT framework to explain customer satisfaction and continuance intentions in the context of Internet banking usage. It combines ECT with the UTAUT in order to expand ECT to include more cognitive beliefs. Then it integrates TR and Culture to account for psychological and sociological traits. The results present a new contribution to the body of knowledge by validating a theoretically backed integration of the above models into one structural model. This model broadens the understanding of the factors that influence IS satisfaction and usage continuance intention. Compared to previous studies, the explanatory power of this model is a major improvement, with an R2 of (0.61) for usage continuance intention.
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Vance, Anthony Osborn. "Trusting IT Artifacts: How Trust Affects our Use of Technology." unrestricted, 2009. http://etd.gsu.edu/theses/available/etd-04292009-142512/.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Georgia State University, 2009.Title from file title page. Detmar W. Straub, committee chair; Mikko Siponen, A. Faye Borthick, Arun Rai, Michel Kalika, committee members. Description based on contents viewed July 14, 2009. Includes bibliographical references.
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Mizukami, Pedro Nicoletti. "Função social da propriedade intelectual: compartilhamento de arquivos e direitos autorais na CF/88." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2007. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/7613.
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Previous issue date: 2007-06-29Noticing that debates concerning the constitutional aspects of copyright are either rare or insufficient in Brazilian legal literature especially when it comes to dealing with themes regarding the current crisis of intellectual property rights we sought out to investigate which answers could be found in the Brazilian Constitution for the problem of file sharing. Starting out from the hypothesis that adequate solutions could be found by understanding the meaning and the extent of the social function of property clause established under art. 5º, XXIII of the Constitution, we adopted Lawrence Lessig s model of four modalities of constraint to frame an interdisciplinary approach to the problem. We chose not to ignore legal dogmatics, but to deal with it in a theoretical environment that prioritizes policy considerations, with the goal of developing an optimal regime of copyright exceptions. We conclude that there is room for an interpretation of the Brazilian Constitution under which file sharing would be legal, along with other practices that are currently considered to constitute copyright infringement. On the other hand, we also conclude that any reasonable interpretation of the Brazilian Constitution would disallow maximalist implementations of copyright law, and that the copyright exception regime established by the Brazilian Copyright Statute (Lei n.º 9.610/98) is not wide enough to meet the demands of the social function of intellectual property, as required by the Constitution. If construed restrictively, the Brazilian Copyright Statute is unconstitutional as far as exceptions are concerned. The theoretical framework that guided our interpretation of the Constitution is based on a Kelsenian approach on a metatheoretical level, under which two different approaches were used on a theoretical level, applied separately and not together, and with different methodological consequences: Friedrich Müller s Strukturiende Rechtslehre and Robert Alexy s theory of fundamental rights
Notando que na literatura jurídica brasileira as discussões em torno das dimensões constitucionais dos direitos autorais são raras e insuficientes, ainda mais em se tratando de temas ligados à atual crise da propriedade intelectual, a presente dissertação procurou investigar quais as respostas que Constituição brasileira poderia oferecer ao fenômeno do compartilhamento de arquivos na Internet, partindo da hipótese de que a delimitação do conteúdo da função social da propriedade, inserida no art. 5º, inciso XXIII da CF/88, poderia oferecer soluções adequadas para o problema. Com fundamentação na teoria das quatro modalidades de regulação de Lawrence Lessig, adotou-se uma abordagem de análise interdisciplinar que não ignora problemas de dogmática jurídica, mas os insere em um plano teórico que privilegia a discussão em torno de quais políticas públicas seriam as mais desejáveis em relação a um regime ideal de exceções aos direitos autorais. Concluiu-se que há espaço para uma interpretação da Constituição que autorizaria a prática do compartilhamento de arquivos, bem como outras condutas afins, argumentando-se, por outro lado, que uma política maximalista de propriedade intelectual extrapola qualquer interpretação razoável da dimensão constitucional dos direitos autorais, e que as limitações implementadas infraconstitucionalmente pela Lei n.º 9.610/98 são insuficientes para suprir o que é exigido pela função social da propriedade intelectual e, conseqüentemente, inconstitucionais se interpretadas restritivamente. No tocante aos aspectos teórico-metodológicos específicos de ciência do direito, optou-se por uma perspectiva kelseniana em um nível metateórico, e a aplicação separada de abordagens distintas no plano teórico: a teoria estruturante de Friedrich Müller, e a teoria dos direitos fundamentais de Robert Alexy, cada qual com suas particulares conseqüências metodológicas
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Magnusson, Sara, and Andreas Johanssen-Hagen. "- Jag har en idé! - Vad sa du, sa du? : En studie om den kommunikativa förmågans betydelse för kreativitet i stora organisationer." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för innovation, design och teknik, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-31360.
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The purpose of this study is to gain understanding of how the communicative ability affects creativity in an organization. Qualitive research with semi-structured questions with a purpose of collecting material from four respondents. Research Question -How do large organizations work with the communicative ability? -How should organizations work with the communicative ability to increase the creativity among their employees? Conclusion: -Organisations should work with a communication strategy that allows the staff to be a part of the communication ability. -The organisation's staff should have an awareness of how the communication ability work and how to use it by example education. -Clear goals and visions where the staff knows its importance and feel an involvement in the organisation. -Organisations should have an open environment that allows the staffs ideas and creative suggestions. -Using various communication channels as individuals absorb information differently. -A creative channel, a digital tool where the staff can help with creative suggestions. -A leadership that will help the staff to engage in the communication ability.Syftet med studien är att få en förståelse om hur den kommunikativa förmågan påverkar kreativiteten i stora organisationer. En kvalitativ forskningsmetod med deduktiv ansats och semi-strukturerade intervjumetoder har använts i uppsatsen. Forskningsfrågor -Hur arbetar stora organisationer med den kommunikativa förmågan? -Hur ska organisationer arbeta med den kommunikativa förmågan för att öka kreativiteten? Slutsats: -Organisationer ska arbeta med en kommunikationsstrategi som tillåter personalen att vara en del av den kommunikativa förmågan. -Organisationens personal ska ha en medvetenhet om hur den kommunikativa förmågan fungerar samt hur den ska användas genom exempelvis utbildningar. -Tydliga mål och visioner där personalen vet sin betydelse och kännner en delaktighet i organisationen. -Organisationer ska ha ett öppet klimat som tillåter personalens idéer och kreativa förslag. -Att använda varierande kommunikationskanaler eftersom individer tar åt sig information olika. -En kreativitetskanal, ett digitalt verktyg där personalen kan bidra med kreativa förslag. -Ett ledarskap som hjälper personalen att engagera sig i den kommunikativa förmågan.
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Mansilla, Juan Camilo. "Résistance culturelle hybride des jeunes des quartiers populaires à l’ère du numérique : étude de cas et analyse quali-quantitative comparée (AQQC-QCA) de Medellin, Paris et Sao Paulo." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCA123/document.
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À partir d’une analyse quali-quantitative comparée (AQQC-QCA), conçue par Ragin (1987), nous proposons un modèle théorique sur l’émergence et la transmission des pratiques de résistance culturelle des jeunes des quartiers populaires de Medellín (Colombie), Paris (France) et São Paulo (Brésil). Nos résultats indiquent que les pratiques de résistance culturelle hybride de ces jeunes se produisent selon deux scénarios. Le premier (i.e., M[P+A] → R) apparaît lorsque des communautés morales à forte identité collective (i.e., dont les membres ne sont pas nécessairement localisés dans la même zone géographique) se nourrissent des flux d’information de stigmatisation en provenance de la sphère médiatique centrale de la ville (SMCV), et disposent soit de ressources informationnelles offertes par la mise en place de politiques publiques d’intervention populaire, soit d’un accès libre et répandu aux technologies d’information et communication liées à Internet (TICi). Le second (i.e., OA → R), émerge lorsque l’utilisation des TICi par ces jeunes augmente et qu’ils ont la perception que le gouvernement ne s’intéresse pas à eux, à leurs demandes et besoins. Le contexte actuel globalisé d’échanges présentiels/virtuels d’informations a) modifie les réseaux culturels hybrides des communautés morales, et ; b) construit l’expérience urbaine des individus à partir d’espaces publics hybrides. Notre proposition théorique sert, plus largement, à comprendre l’évolution de la « symbole-sphère » des communautés morales périphériques de la ville à l’ère du numérique, ainsi que la nature de l’information développée par Schumann et Logan (2005) et Logan (2012)Based on a qualitative comparative analysis (QQA), a method developed by (Ragin, 1987), we propose a theoretical model of the emergence of transmission of the cultural resistance practices of the low income youth from popular neighborhoods of Medellín (Colombia), Paris (France) and São Paulo (Brazil). Our results indicate that the cultural resistance practices of this population appears in two different settings. The first one (M[P+A] → R) happens when the moral communities (that is, not necessarily located in the same geographical area) reach a strong cultural identity, feeds on stigmatizing information flows from the central media sphere of the city (SMCV), and have either information resources offered by the set of public policies of popular intervention or widespread and free use of information and communication technologies related to the Internet. The second one (OA → R), occurs when the use of the TICs by this youth wins density following the growing perception that the government is not interested in attending theirs demands and needs. The current context of global exchange of real and virtual information a) modifies the cultural hybrid networks associated with moral communities and b) builds an urban experience of individuals starting with hybrid public spaces. Our theoretical proposition serves a better understanding of the evolution of the symbolosphere of the peripheral moral communities in the cities of the digital age and the nature of the information as developed by Schumann et Logan (2005) et Logan (2012)
A partir de un análisis cualitativo comparado (QCA), método concebido por Ragin (1987), proponemos un modelo teórico sobre la emergencia y la transmisión de las prácticas de resistencia cultural de los jóvenes de barrios populares de Medellín (Colombia), Paris (Francia) et São Paulo (Brasil). Nuestros resultados indican que las prácticas de resistencia cultural híbrida de estos jóvenes se producen en dos escenarios. El primero (M[P+A] → R) aparece cuando las comunidades morales (i.e., no necesariamente ubicadas en la misma zona geográfica) con una fuerte identidad colectiva, se alimentan de flujos de información estigmatizantes procedentes de la esfera mediática central de la ciudad (SMCV), y disponen ya sea de recursos informacionales ofrecidos por la existencia de políticas públicas de intervención popular, o bien de un acceso generalizado y libre a las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación relacionadas con Internet (TICi). El segundo (OA → R) emerge cuando el uso de las TICi por parte de estos jóvenes aumenta y tienen la percepción de que el gobierno no se interesa en ellos, ni en sus demandas ni en sus necesidades. El contexto global actual de intercambio presencial y virtual de información a) modifica las redes culturales híbridas asociadas a las comunidades morales, y; b) construye la experiencia urbana de los individuos a partir de espacios públicos híbridos. Nuestra propuesta teórica sirve, de manera general, para entender la evolución de la “simbolosfera” de las comunidades morales periféricas urbanas en la era digital, así como la naturaleza de la información propuesta por Schumann et Logan (2005) et Logan (2012)
Com base em uma análise qualitativa comparativa ou “Qualitative Comparative Analysis” (QCA), método desenvolvido por (Ragin, 1987), propomos um modelo teórico da emergência e da transmissão de práticas de resistência cultural entre jovens de baixa renda em territórios populares de Medellín (Colômbia), Paris (França) e São Paulo (Brasil). Nossos resultados indicam que as práticas de resistência cultural híbrida desses jovens seguem dois roteiros. O primeiro (M[P+A] → R), quando as comunidades morais (ou seja, não necessariamente localizados na mesma área geográfica) alcançam forte identidade coletiva, alimenta-se de fluxos de informação estigmatizantes oriundos da esfera de mídia central da cidade (SMCV) e dispõem seja de recursos de informação oferecidos pelo conjunto de políticas públicas de intervenção popular, seja de um aceso generalizado e livre as tecnologias de informação e comunicação relacionadas à Internet (TICi). O segundo (OA → R), quando o uso das TICs por esses jovens ganha densidade na medida em que amadurecem a percepção de que o governo não está interessado em atender suas demandas e necessidades. O atual contexto global de troca presencial e virtual de informações a) modifica as redes culturais híbridas associadas a comunidades morais e b) constrói a experiência urbana de indivíduos a partir de espaços públicos híbridos. Nossa proposta teórica serve, mais amplamente, para entender a evolução da “simbolosfera” das comunidades morais periféricas das cidades na era digital e a natureza da informação tal como desenvolvida por Schumann e Logan (2005) e Logan (2012)
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Gislen, Mikael. "Dysfunctional aspects of Software Development : An analysis of how lip-service, deception and organisational politics may side-track the result of well-intended methodologies." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Sektionen för datavetenskap och kommunikation, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-5445.
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This paper tries to identify and understand the human social obstacles for developing quality software. These include lip-service, cutting corners, deception and effects of internal politics. These obstacles can undermine the good intentions behind the software methodologies. The paper draws from the literature in different disciplines and uses an ethnographic research methodology to create a rich picture of the concerning aspects in the framework of one software development company in India. What stands out among the findings are that internal audits has mainly focused on finding errors in documentation procedures but study of the actual practices has often been shallow. In addition the understanding of business risks by the internal auditors have often been weak. Context. The human based obstacles affecting Software Development Methodology analysed in the context of an ISO 9000 quality system in an Indian Software Development company working mainly with Swedish companies. Objectives. Identifying and increasing the understanding of intrinsic negative social aspects such as lip service, cheating and politics which are affecting the results of Software Development Methodologies and if possible suggest some means to mitigate them. In particular to create a deeper understanding of why people cheat and pay lip service to methodologies and to try to understand the political aspects of methodology and quality systems. There are other positive social aspects, but they are not considered since the objective is about understanding the negative aspects and possibly mitigate them. Methods. Ethnographic research using analysis of ISO 9000 and design artefacts, semi-structured interviews, participation in internal audits, Results. Most focus in audits was on documentation and very less focus on underlying methodologies, some indications of lip-service to process and processes were also mainly managed on a higher level in the organization while the understanding and practices were less well established on lower level. It was hard to get a grip on the internal political aspects since the perception of the subject in the informants view was that it is mainly malicious and therefore embarrassing to speak about. Some conflicts between internal quality goals and customers’ needs were also identified. Conclusions. An ethnographic research methodology gives a rich picture. The analysis gives deeper understanding of the problem areas, but not necessary solutions. The author suggests that at the heart of the problem is a difference in world view. Software professionals generally tend to resolve [technical] problems using a reductionist approach, while these intricate challenges cannot easily be resolved by this approach. A more holistic systemic approach is required and while the software methodology is useful to structure the development it does not resolve these dysfunctions. They have to be resolved on another level. It was also found that further studies is required in particular to better understand Internal politics, the effect of Positive and Negative Incentives, the effect of software metrics on quality performance and subjectivity in customers’ perception and expectation.Uppsatsen försöker förstå mänskliga sociala hinder för att utveckla programvara med hög kvalitet. Dessa hinder inkluderar "läpparnas bekännelser", ta genvägar, vilseleda och internpolitik. Sådana hinder kan underminera utvecklingsmetoder. Denna uppsats bygger på literatur från olika discipliner och använder etnografisk forskningsmetodik för att skapa en rik bild av dessa oroande aspekter inom ramen för ett IT-företag i Indien. Vad står ut är att intern kvalitetsrevision fokuserar för mycket på att finna fel i dokumentationsprocesser medan revision av hur utvecklingsarbetet faktiskt sker har varit för ytligt. Dessutom har de interna revisorernas förståelse av affärsrisker varit svag.
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Ebilitigué, Ines. "Réseaux virtuels et commerces ethniques : une dynamique entre l’espace des flux et l’espace urbain." Thesis, Paris 10, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA100152/document.
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Cette recherche traite du devenir de l’espace urbain et de ses logiques traditionnelles, dans un contexte marqué par les technologies de l’information et de la communication (TIC). Ce sujet est abordé par le prisme des commerces ethniques situés dans trois localités, parisiennes et régionales. Le regard est focalisé sur ces lieux afin de comprendre les facteurs à l’origine de la présence, en leur sein, des TIC accessibles au public. Trois hypothèses sont proposées. Il s’agit d’abord d’expliquer ce phénomène par le message des scénographies commerciales, puis par le besoin qu’éprouvent les migrants de maintenir les liens avec leurs origines culturelles et leur famille, enfin par l’appartenance des commerçants à la communauté des migrants. La méthodologie privilégie les méthodes d’enquête qualitative relevant de l’anthropologie et de la microsociologie. L’analyse des données permet de valider les hypothèses. Elle offre également la possibilité de montrer que dans une société marquée par les technologies de l’information et de la communication l’espace ne disparait pas sous le coup de la domination d’un espace en réseaux. Au contraire, l’analyse permet de souligner d’une part que l’espace urbain, avec ses logiques traditionnelles, persistent tout en s’articulant à une logique en réseaux. D’autre part, elle fait émerger la production de diverses formes spatiales. La plus significative offre à la principale clientèle la possibilité quotidienne de conserver son ancrage aux lieux urbains, tout en étant mobile et virtuellement mobile, de sortir des termes de la fracture numérique. Cette clientèle s’en trouve intégrée à la société en réseaux, dépasse la situation de double présence au pays d’origine et à la famille s’y trouvant et connaît des situations de multiples présences. Enfin, la recherche a permis de montrer que les lieux urbains et particulièrement les commerces ethniques sont des espaces de socialisation des réseaux virtuels en les situant au même niveau que les offres et services marchands, et qu’ils sont des outils dont les migrants et leur famille située à l’étranger savent se saisir pour permettre une évolution de leurs situations quotidienne et projetsThis research deals with the future of the urban space in a context marked by the Technologies of Information and Communication (ICT). This subject is approached by the prism of the ethnic businesses situated in three localities, Parisian and regional. The outlook is focused on these places to understand why ICT are included in those spaces open to the public.Three hypotheses are suggested. First, The ICT are included in the businesses thanks to the commercial message diffused through the setting up of goods. Then, the networking of businesses can be explained by the need which the migrants have to maintain the links with their cultural origins and their family, lastly through the membership of the storekeepers in the community of the migrants.The methodology favors the methods of qualitative investigation coming from the anthropology and the micro-sociology. The empirical data allows a validation of the hypotheses. The analysis of those data underline first that, in the network society, urban places don’t disappear. Among them, the ethnic shops are areas of socialization of the virtual networks by placing them at the same level as the offers of the goods and the trade services. Then, the space produced by those businesses offers to the main clientele the possibility of preserving its anchoring in the urban places while being mobile and virtually mobile. By this last idea, this research shows that the ethnic business and ICT are articulated tools which the migrants and their family situated abroad know how to seize to allow an evolution of their daily situations and projects. This analysis gives possibility to considered migrants out terms of the digital divide, and as integrated into the networks society. This new figure of migrant has overtaken the situation of double presence in their origin country and to their family living there, to actually know situations of multiple presences in this country and to their relatives
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Haigh, Maria. "Cultural Interpretations of File-Sharing Technologies: the Case of Independent Ukraine." 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/105402.
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This is a submission to the 3rd Annual Social Informatics SIG Research Symposium: The Social Web, Social Computing and the Social Analysis of Computing "
Peer-to-peer systems allow the seamless sharing of digital materials between strangers who may live in different countries or different continents. As networks such as Kazaa and Gnutella shuffle files effortlessly over the Internet, national boundaries are visible only to those who bother to look up the IP addresses of the machines involved. In the eight years since the debut of Napster, a huge volume of legal, popular and scholarly attention has been paid to peer-to-peer file sharing. But despite the inherently global nature of these networks, very little of this attention has been devoted to use of these networks outside North America and Western Europe.
I explore the cultural meanings of file sharing in Ukraine. Ukraine, the second most populous of the former Soviet republics, had been named as one of the ten â priority countriesâ with â unacceptable piracy rates.â IFPI and other industry and governmental bodies present piracy in straightforward terms as a crime, and emphasize links between music piracy and violent organized crime. The international struggle against piracy is seen as a matter of building a strong legal framework in developing countries and then making sure that local authorities enforce these laws. They assume that national development follows a linear path from the lawless frontier of unchecked piracy to the well policed copyright regime evidenced in the United States.
In contrast, I argue that file-sharing practices in Ukraine reflect distinctive features of its cultural heritage. They are not simply the result of a primitive stage of legal development. Until 1991, Ukraine was part of the Soviet Union. The USSR did not recognize the concept of intellectual property, particularly as it related to foreign and scientific works. For example, generations of Soviet children grew up reading a popular story by Russian writer Aleksander Volkov. It told of a little girl from Kansas who was transported by a tornado with her dog Totoshka on a trip to visit a wizard. Even today, few realize that the work is a translation.
Internally, however, Xerox machines were banned, and as dissident culture developed from the 1960s onward the illicit reproduction of unsanctioned material was seen as an heroic act of resistance. Manuscripts were photographed, retyped or copied long hand and passed from person to person in a practice known as samizdat. This was punishable by long terms in prison labor camps.
As I pursued my own research on the use of file sharing technology in Ukraine, I started to wonder what the experience of seventy years of Soviet rule done to shape Ukrainian thinking on the issue of file sharing and music downloading. I began to realize that Ukrainian users had a quite different sense than their American comrades of the copyright issues involved, the relevance of communism to file sharing, and indeed the cultural meaning of file sharing technology within Ukrainian society.
These, I argue, can only be understood through reference to their diverging historical
experiences. Analysis of the discussion of copyright, piracy and Internet file sharing in the
Ukrainian press and within the Ukrainian community website Muzon.com demonstrates that local attitudes and practices have been profoundly shaped by the Soviet experience. Todayâ s
intellectual property environment reflects both Soviet cultureâ s lack of concern for the rights of
individuals, businesses, and foreign government and the struggle of opposition and nationalist groups to freely distribute material outside the control of Soviet authorities. These two factors,
while in many ways opposed, both influence Ukrainians to reject constraints on the free
distribution of copyrighted materials. In addition, the efforts of Western businesses and
governments to enforce their own copyright regimes on Ukraine trigger resentment in a nation
that long suffered under the dictates of the Kremlin.
File sharing enthusiasts often present themselves as members of an underground movement fighting â the rulers of the world corporationsâ and even a way to realize aspects of the communist utopia once promised to them. I show a number of technical and cultural similarities between the practices of Internet file sharing and those of Soviet samizdat, which I argue lead some Ukrainians to interpret the struggle against Western copyright as expression of political freedom and national identity.
My findings suggest that scholars concerned with the use and social meaning of internet file sharing should not assume that a given technology or network will have the same meaning for users in all countries, but should be prepared to integrate their studies of information sharing behavior within a broader analysis of the social and national milieus in which they take place.
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Yeaton, Matthew Richard. "Cultural Diffusion through Language: How Communication Networks Influence Culture in the Age of Digitization." Thesis, 2021. https://doi.org/10.7916/d8-d7mk-th64.
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My dissertation focuses on the strategic implications of the link between organizational culture and social network structure. I study their role in the process of knowledge transfer and diffusion, organizational memory, and organizational design. More broadly, I examine the way that social structure influences the information environment, and what effect this has on organizational learning. I focus in particular on the process of cultural evolution.
My dissertation leverages digitization as a phenomenon of inherent interest and as an empirical setting that can improve our theoretical understanding of both digital and non-digital communities. I have developed an expertise in computational methods, especially in machine learning techniques related to text and other unstructured data, and in the analysis of "big data," especially pertaining to large-scale networks. By combining these computational tools with organizational theory and the rich relational data generated by the explosion of digital records, my research grants insight into the dynamic process of learning in organizations and the implications for innovation and competitive advantage.
I explore how digitization informs and develops our understanding of organizational culture, knowledge transfer, and the labor market. Specifically, I investigate how digitization has opened a window to observe network structure and language, providing a lasting record of these changes through time. Using these digital records to observe the structure of social relations and the language used to communicate can help deepen our theory of knowledge transfer for a wide range of organizations, not just those that operate in the digital sphere. This means that these studies also have implications for understanding organizations in non-digital settings.
My dissertation contributes both theoretically and empirically to the knowledge theory of the firm. However, the mechanisms underlying knowledge transfer remain underdeveloped. I contribute by disentangling the related mechanisms of language and organizational structure, and I propose that common language directly impacts what knowledge may be efficiently transferred.
Next, my dissertation contributes to the growing field of digitization. Digitization is salient for researchers both as a unique phenomenon and as an ever-expanding source of accessible data to test theory. Moreover, since one of the central contributions of digitization is to reduce the cost of information gathering, it is well-suited to my theoretical setting of knowledge transmission and organizational memory.
Finally, my dissertation contributes to our understanding of culture in organizations. The focus on language as an aspect of culture allows both additional formalization as well as more specific empirical tests of the contribution of culture to organizational outcomes. In particular, a focus on dynamic settings in each of the chapters reveals the interplay between organizational structure, memory, and change. This helps us to understand how language evolves, how it is learned, and how it changes in response to information shocks.
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Wang, Peiling. "Information Behaviors of Academic Researchers in the Internet Era: An Interdisciplinary & Cross-cultural Study." 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/105492.
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This paper reports on part of a study of academic researchers' use of Internet information and communication technologies (IICTs) to support information-seeking activities. The goal of this research is to gain insight into disciplinary and cultural differences of information seeking in the Internet Era. The project is ongoing to include more participants from different cultures.
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Furgason, Aaron Robert. "Surfing for punks the internet and the punk subculture." 2008. http://hdl.rutgers.edu/1782.2/rucore10001600001.ETD.17774.
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GIACOMELLO, Giampiero. "The digital challenge : national governments and the control of the Internet." Doctoral thesis, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/5123.
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Defence date: 17 September 2001Examining Board: Prof. Richard Breen, European University Institute (co-supervisor); Prof. Gary Chapman, University of Texas, Austin; Prof. Giorgio Natalicchi, Università di Firenze; Prof. Thomas Risse, European University Institute (Supervisor)
First made available online on 11 April 2018
Over the last decade, the Internet has transformed how information can be made available-it is now used to transfer information about things as varied as financial transactions and celebrity gossip and to link and coordinate activities between otherwise isolated people, from protest groups to lonely hearts. This unprecedented ease of access to a wealth of information and contacts presents a challenge to national governments who wish to control and restrain some of this activity. In recent years, Internet control has become one of the major indicators to assess the balance between freedom and security in democracies. This book explores and compares how, why, and to what extent, national governments decide to control the Internet and how this impacts on crucial socio-economic activities and fundamental civil rights. The author provides detailed studies on the US, Germany, Italy and further case studies on Brazil, Canada, India, the Netherlands, South Africa and Switzerland, to address topics such cyberterrorism, the protection of information infrastructure, and the impact on individual privacy and freedom of speech. This is the first cross-country, comparative study on the issue of Internet control. It will be of interest to international relations scholars and students, and particularly those with an interest in the Internet.
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Dagli, Arif Burnett Kathleen Marie. "Culture and information needs in web-based learning an instrumental case study of multilingual graduate students /." Diss., 2005. http://etd.lib.fsu.edu/theses/available/etd-04122005-010935/.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Florida State University, 2005.Advisor: Dr. Kathleen M. Burnett, Florida State University, College of Information. Title and description from dissertation home page (viewed June 9, 2005). Document formatted into pages; contains xi, 203 pages. Includes bibliographical references.