Dissertations / Theses on the topic '"informal" design'
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Friel, Grant. "Software design prototyping through transformations applied to informal design representations." Thesis, Keele University, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.358050.
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Lara, Silvana Maria Affonso de. "Um suporte à captura informal de design rationale." Universidade de São Paulo, 2005. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/55/55134/tde-08112006-134155/.
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Durante o processo de desenvolvimento de software, uma grande quantidade de documentos é gerada com o propósito de registrar as experiências e as decisões relacionadas ao projeto de software. Apesar do esforço empregado na documentação de tais informações, muitas vezes esses documentos não contêm informações suficientes e necessárias para o completo entendimento do software, para a reutilização das experiências adquiridas e a recuperação do processo de tomada de decisão. De maneira geral, apenas as decisões finais a respeito do projeto são documentadas. O Design Rationale (DR) consiste das informações adicionais aos documentos padrões em um processo de desenvolvimento de software, facilitando sua compreensão, manutenção e reuso. Na literatura, muitas pesquisas referem-se aos problemas relacionados à atividade de captura de DR, principalmente no que diz respeito à sobrecarga de trabalho durante o momento de design. O desenvolvimento de mecanismos que facilitem a captura de Design Rationale durante a elaboração de artefatos de software é ainda um desafio. No contexto de ferramentas CASE (Computer Aided Software Engineering), cuja utilização enfrenta grande resistência por parte de seus usuários (desenvolvedores), torna-se imprescindível a aplicação de técnicas para garantir a máxima usabilidade dessas ferramentas, de forma a minimizar a resistência à sua utilização. O paradigma da computação ubíqua trouxe grandes mudanças ao desenvolvimento de aplicações da Ciência da Computação, visto que estas aplicações são transparentes, apresentam um comportamento contínuo e ciente de contexto, e visam tornar a interação com o usuário a mais natural possível. Diante desse contexto, a adoção de mecanismos de computação ubíqua na atividade de captura de DR torna-se uma abordagem de interesse científico. O uso de mecanismos de computação ubíqua faz com que a captura das informações e decisões relacionadas ao projeto de software seja realizada de forma mais natural, reduzindo a sobrecarga do uso de uma ferramenta que necessite de tempo adicional para o armazenamento do DR, seja durante o processo de tomada de decisões ou depois do mesmo. Assim sendo, o trabalho realizado neste projeto de mestrado consistiu na reengenharia de uma ferramenta de suporte a DR e à sua integração com um editor gráfico que permite a escrita manual e oferece um serviço de reconhecimento de escrita, de modo a prover uma maneira mais flexí?vel para a entrada de dados e que pode ser utilizada em dispositivos com diferentes tamanhos e características, tais como Tablet PCs e lousas eletrônicasDuring the process of software development, a great amount of documents is generated with the purpose of registering experiences and decisions related to software project. Despite the effort made aiming at documenting of such information, in general, these documents do not contain enough and necessary information for the complete understanding of the software, for the reuse of the acquired experiences and the recovery of the process of decision making. In general, only the final decisions regarding the project are registered. The Design Rationale (DR) consists of the additional information to standards documents in a process of software development, aiming to facilitate its understanding, maintenance and reuse. In literature, many researches reveal the problems related to the activity of DR capture, especially related to the work overload during the moment of design. The development of mechanisms to facilitate the Design Rationale capture, during the elaboration of software artifacts, is still a challenge. In the context of CASE (Computer Aided Engineering Software) tools usage, users (developers) present great resistance, so the application of techniques to achieve the maximum usability in the tools becomes essential, aiming to minimize the resistance to their adoption. The paradigm of ubiquitous computing brought great innovations to the development of applications, since the applications are transparent; they present a continuous and aware context behavior, and aim the user-computer interaction become the most natural as possible. For that reason, the adoption of ubiquitous computing mechanisms in the activity of DR capture becomes an approach of scientific interest. The use of the ubiquitous computing makes the capture of the information and decisions related to software project be carried out on a more natural way, reducing the overload of using a tool that needs additional time for the DR storage, either during the process of making decisions or just after. This master project consisted of re-engineering of a DR tool and its integration with a graphical editor. The editor allows handwriting and offers a service of writing recognition in order to provide a more flexible way for the data entry and can be used in devices of different sizes and characteristics, such as Tablet PCs and electronic blackboards.
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Sheikh, Shiba. "Sharedcare : Design Oriented Innovation Scan of Informal Health." Research Showcase @ CMU, 2014. http://repository.cmu.edu/theses/76.
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Shared Care is a paradigm shift that addresses informal health, which probes into health for the healthy and care that is non-institutional. A shift from ‘my health is my problem’ to informal care systems based on proximity and trust. The community is mutually responsible for the health of its members and shares common goals of wellbeing. A growing population in urban contemporary cities, as they transition through different phases of life are not foreseeing the effects of place, social support and care in their long term wellbeing. With the lack of faith in a healthcare system that equates good care to insurance, the opportunity is to move away from problem & symptom-based, fee-for-service care to focus on preventative care that lies outside of the current system in the US. The hypothesis that guided the research considered the intersection between health and social as an alternate / complimentary approach to preventive care as understood today. By using design as a research tool, rich narratives of personas were created that enabled crystallizing the potential to shift from the ‘me’ to the ‘we’ paradigm of one’s wellbeing. Disclosing emergent spaces where service design can be used as an entrepreneurial approach to envision solutions that enable informal support systems between weak tied individuals based on physical proximity. Motivations, infrastructure and characteristics of designing for these emergent spaces in housing, mobility, work life, food systems and sociality, were identified as holistic components of ones overall wellbeing. By applying the ‘we’ paradigm framework to the design of services we can further investigate the transition towards health related sociality within communities.
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Kilgore, Whitney Kay. "Design of Informal Online Learning Communities in Education." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2016. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc862820/.
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The U.S. Department of Education, Office of Ed Tech Future Ready program has encouraged the use of open informal learning communities as professional learning opportunities for educators. This study categorizes 46 state Twitter chats by their moderation techniques and design. A purposive sample of Twitter chat designers participated in this phenomenological exploration that demonstrates how the designs of these informal learning spaces are aligned with the designers' pedagogical philosophies. Recommendations for supporting, growing, and sustaining similar learning communities are included.
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Clark, Kristen Radsliff. "Charting transformative practice critical multiliteracies via informal learning design /." Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2007. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3259635.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, San Diego, 2007.Title from first page of PDF file (viewed June 11, 2007). Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 187-195).
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Martin, K. M. "The role of uncertainty in the design of informal spaces." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2016. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1478297/.
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This thesis is concerned with uncertainty and its role in the use and design of informal space. This is an important topic because the social theories and narratives that have tended to guide the organisation and design of space are being problemitised by post-modern concepts of multi-positionality as well as interactive technologies. This leads to uncertainty. Uncertainty creates difficulties for designers because it highlights conflicting motivations, intentions, values, aims and criteria for success. Informal spaces and situations are an important aspect of communal life because they bring together people who are unknown to each other and this awareness of, and potential for encounter with, others is understood as a condition of a resilient and adaptive communal life. The intention of this thesis is to propose ways in which the conceptual and methodological difficulties in designing for uncertainty might be approached. Understanding the role that uncertainty plays in forming practices of co-presence and co-creation in informal spaces and situations is one aspect of this research. The convergence of spatial, social and technological elements suggests that an interdisciplinary approach is required to achieve this. In this thesis social and spatial practices are considered side-by-side. A new term, therefore, was required to encompass these research sites. The term chosen is in-between-ness. This draws on ideas of in-between-ness from anthropology. Inbetween spaces were chosen as the focus of the studies because these spaces are loosely defined with regard to typologies of form and social conventions yet these spaces exhibit resilience and the ability to adapt in the face of change. In this thesis, two different types of in-between space are considered: 1) informal urban spaces 2) situations of collaborative design. Describing in-between-ness with regard to spatial and social practices is a contribution of the thesis. This thesis argues that accepting, or even celebrating, the uncertainty of informal urban space is a viable approach to design. By reflecting on the disciplinary frameworks of architecture and interactive technologies it has been possible to find a means by which software engineers might learn to think and work like architects – and architects, inspired by the software engineers, might begin to develop a language to talk about the lived experience of space.
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Roth, Benjamin N. (Benjamin Nathaniel). "Essays in informal finance and market design under weak institutions." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/111361.
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Thesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Economics, 2017.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references.
1. Keeping the Little Guy Down: A Debt Trap for Informal Lending -- 2. Targeting High Ability Entrepreneurs Using Community Information: Mechanism Design In The Field -- 3. Voluntary Market Design: Dominant Individual Rationality.
The essays in this thesis span two important and related themes in development economics: understanding and relaxing constraints to small scale entrepreneurship and designing markets in environments with weak institutional enforcement. Methodologically, the essays marshal both theory and field experimentation to study these issues. In joint work with Ernest Liu, Chapter 1 offers a new explanation for why microcredit and other forms of informal finance have so far failed to catalyze business growth among small scale entrepreneurs in the developing world, despite their high return to capital. We present a theory of informal lending that highlights two features of informal credit markets that cause them to operate inefficiently. First, borrowers and lenders bargain not only over division of surplus but also over contractual flexibility (the ease with which the borrower can invest to grow her business). Second, when the borrower's business becomes sufficiently large she exits the informal lending relationship and enters the formal sector - an undesirable event for her informal lender. We show that in Stationary Markov Perfect Equilibrium these two features lead to a poverty trap and study its properties. The theory facilitates reinterpretation of a number of empirical facts about microcredit: business growth resulting from microfinance is low on average but high for businesses that are already relatively large, and microlenders have experienced low demand for credit. The theory features nuanced comparative statics which provide a testable prediction and for which we establish novel empirical support. Using the Townsend Thai data and plausibly exogenous variation to the level of competition Thai money lenders face, we show that as predicted by our theory, money lenders in high competition environments impose fewer contractual restrictions on their borrowers. We discuss robustness and policy implications. In work with Reshmaan Hussam and Natalia Rigol, Chapter 2 explores a different facet of small-scale entrepreneurship. The impacts of cash grants and access to credit are known to vary widely, but progress on targeting these services to high-ability, reliable entrepreneurs is so far limited. We report on a field experiment in Maharashtra, India that assesses (1) whether community members have information about one another that can be used to identify high-ability microentrepreneurs, (2) whether organic incentives for community members to misreport their information obscure its value, and (3) whether simple techniques from mechanism design can be used to realign incentives for truthful reporting. We asked 1,380 respondents to rank their entrepreneur peers on various metrics of business profitability and growth potential. We also randomly distributed cash grants of about $100 to measure their marginal return to capital. We find that the information provided by community members is predictive of many key business and household characteristics including marginal return to capital. While on average the marginal return to capital is modest, preliminary estimates suggest that entrepreneurs given a community rank one standard deviation above the mean enjoy an 8.8% monthly marginal return to capital and those ranked two standard deviations above the mean enjoy a 13.9% monthly return. When respondents are told their reports influence the distribution of grants, we find a considerable degree of misreporting in favor of family members and close friends, which substantially diminishes the value of reports. Finally, we find that monetary incentives for accuracy, eliciting reports in public, and cross-reporting techniques motivated by implementation theory all significantly improve the accuracy of reports. In Chapter 3 I highlight an under appreciated facet of centralized market design of critical importance to developing economies with weak contract enforcement: often market designers cannot force participants to join a centralized market. I present a theory in which centralizing a market is akin to designing a mechanism to which people may voluntarily sign away their decision rights and propose a new desideratum for mechanism and market design, termed e-dominant individual rationality. Loosely, E-dominant individual rationality guarantees participation by assuring participants that each decentralized strategy is approximately dominated by a centralized strategy. I then provide two positive results about centralizing large markets. The first offers a novel justification for stable matching mechanisms and an insight to guide their design to achieve E-dominant individual rationality. The second result demonstrates that in large games, any mechanism with the property that every player wants to use it conditional on sufficiently many others using it as well can be modified to satisfy E-dominant individual rationality while preserving its behavior conditional on sufficient participation. The modification relies on a class of mechanisms we refer to as random threshold mechanisms and resembles insights from the differential privacy literature.
by Benjamin N. Roth.
Ph. D.
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PEREIRA, Natália Cristina Rodrigues. "Design vernacular: a comunicação visual informal no cotidiano da Amazônia." Universidade Federal do Pará, 2018. http://repositorio.ufpa.br/jspui/handle/2011/10019.
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Esta pesquisa busca refletir sobre o design vernacular como uma experiência comunicacional na Amazônia. Trata-se de uma forma de comunicação materializada em desenhos de letras (lettering) pintados manualmente em placas, fachadas, faixas e outras superfícies espalhadas pela região que, baseados na cultura popular, objetivam suprir as necessidades comunicacionais do comércio informal onde se originam. O foco da investigação partiu da seguinte pergunta: quais as inspirações, particularidades e estratégias que permeiam o universo material e simbólico dessa forma de comunicação visual informal, sem perder de vista o seu potencial mercadológico e suas relações com a comunidade? Para isso, o trabalho apoiou-se em conceitos de Benjamin (1987), Braga (2011), Canevacci (1997), Schutz (2012), Dewey (1980), Durand (1996), Flusser (2013), Kant (2012), Maffesoli (1998) e Paes Loureiro (2008; 2001), dentre outros. A hipótese defendida nesta dissertação é a de que a comunicação visual informal, permeada pelo universo da cultura amazônica, contribui no âmbito simbólico e econômico diretamente para a realidade da comunidade na qual está inserido. A metodologia teve um foco qualitativo a partir de pesquisas de campo, sendo que a coleta de material (registro fotográfico e entrevistas) aconteceu de agosto de 2015 a janeiro de 2018, compreendendo duas visitas em cada uma das três ilhas do município de Belém escolhidas: Cotijuba, Caratateua (Outeiro) e Mosqueiro. Acredita-se que a importância deste trabalho se centra na possibilidade de contribuir com estudos que vão além dos aspectos tecnológicos da comunicação, voltadas assim para o homem em sociedade, assim como, em longo prazo, poder colaborar para uma possível desmistificação de estereótipos sobre a Amazônia.
This research reflects on the vernacular design as a communication experience in the Amazon region. The analyzed object in the study is the draws of letters (lettering) painted manually on boards, facades, banners, and other surfaces widespread across the region that, based on the popular culture, aim to supply the communicational necessities of the informal commerce where they originate. The focus of the investigation came from the following question: what are the inspirations, particularities, and strategies that permeate the material and symbolic universe of this type of informal visual communication, without losing sight of its market potential and its relationship to the community? Therefore, this research used concepts of Benjamin (1987), Braga (2011), Canevacci (1997), Schutz (2012), Dewey (1980), Durand (1996), Flusser (2013), Kant (2012), Maffesoli (1998) e Paes Loureiro (2008; 2001), among others. Accordingly, the hypothesis presented here pointed that the informal visual communication, permeated by the universe of the Amazonian culture, contributes in the symbolic and economic scope directly to the reality of the community in which it is inserted. The methodology was based on the qualitative descriptive analysis, starting from field research, being that the collection of material (photography registration and interviews) started from August 2015 to January 2018, including two visits in each one of the three islands of the Municipality of Belém chosen for the study: Cotijuba, Caratateua (Outeiro) e Mosqueiro. It's believed that the importance of this research is focused on the possibility of contributing with studies that go beyond the technical aspects of communication, therefore based on the men in society, as well as, long-term, to be able to collaborate for a possible demystification of stereotypes about the Amazon.
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Anderson, Allison P. (Allison Paige). "Addressing design challenges in mechanical counterpressure spacesuit design and space-inspired informal education policy." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/63033.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Aeronautics and Astronautics; and, (S.M. in Technology and Policy)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, Technology and Policy Program, 2011.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 155-161).
Extravehicular activity (EVA), or spacewalks allows astronauts to accomplish some of the most important endeavors in space history. The importance of EVA will continue to increase as people venture further into our solar system. The spacesuit, used to protect the astronaut during EVA, is an anthropomorphic spacecraft that provides the physical environment a person needs to survive in the harsh environment of space. Although the suits are safe and effective, the pressurized suit becomes rigid in the vacuum of space, causing the astronaut to waste energy. Mechanical counterpressure (MCP) suits offer an alternative to gas pressurized suits by using elastic garments to provide pressure against the skin. Despite their many advantages, MCP suits are very difficult to put on, or don, making them infeasible for use today. A network of gas pressurized tubes is proposed as a solution to the donning problem. When pressurized, the tubes expand to become rigid, opening the MCP garment in the process. The system was modeled and a functional prototype was developed using a novel construction process. The model can be used as a design tool for future designs and the prototype serves as a proof-of-concept for this solution to the donning problem. The spectacular feats accomplish through spacewalks and space exploration inspire students to pursue an interest and career in science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM). Since its inception, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) has been dedicated to educating the public about its compelling mission, fascinating discoveries, and the complicated technologies it develops. However, as the United States slips in indicators of student performance in STEM subjects, many look toward informal education, or education that occurs outside the classroom, to spur interest in STEM subjects. To maximize educational outcomes, NASA has developed a strategic framework to guide its educational programs. This framework is analyzed in the context of strategic management literature and suggests that the framework could be more easily implemented if NASA were to refine its education structure using the strengths of each of its directorates. The proposed framework was implemented in an informal education project and evaluated to determine if a projects implemented under the framework achieves the intended learning objectives. Students showed an increased understanding of NASA's mission and the complicated nature of space exploration. Suggestions to improve future projects are also given.
by Allison P. Anderson.
S.M.in Technology and Policy
S.M.
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Thakar, Aniruddha. "Visualization feedback from informal specifications." Thesis, This resource online, 1993. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-03242009-040810/.
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Damasceno, Tiago Rocha. "Public place making in Enkanini : a socio-spatial methodology for intervening on the informal." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/24374.
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Architectural and urban design projects implemented on informal settlements tend to neglect the local existing patterns of living. As a result, these projects impose new social and spatial conditions that are often not liberating to the communities that they serve. As an alternative, this thesis proposes a methodology that contrasts with this approach, a process that aims at understanding the socio-spatial conditions of a particular area in order to inform spatial intervention. For this purpose, this thesis will incorporate a study of the general conditions that define Enkanini, an informal settlement of Cape Town. Such conditions will consequently inform where, how and when one must implement interventions on this settlement. The outcome of this thesis will consequently not be the formal design of a singular building; but rather a series of key concepts that would guide strategic spatial intervention in Enkanini.
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Lagerberg, Evert. "Visualization-Aided Design of Water Infrastructures in Informal Settlements in Nairobi, Kenya." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för datavetenskap och kommunikation (CSC), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-189324.
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Intermittent water supply is a major challenge in informal settlements (slums) in Nairobi, Kenya. Smart water man- agement is an emerging technology that uses sensory net- works for continuous monitoring of water infrastructure to detect anomalies and inform effective distribution of wa- ter resources. This thesis investigates how visualization of data collected from the water network can support the lo- cal water utility in the Nairobi slums in improving water distribution, including maintenance and development. An explorative qualitative study, including interviews with util- ity staff members and field observations informed the devel- opment of three conceptual prototypes to propose how the collected data could be incorporated in the water utility’s practices. The design of the prototypes lead to a discussion on how smart water management can be adapted to the specific challenges of the context. The thesis concludes by suggesting that a successful implementation of smart water management, besides supporting efforts directly related to the slum areas, must also address the problems of inefficient and inequitable water allocation concerning the whole city of Nairobi. Oregelbunden vattenförsörjning är en stor utmaning i informella bosättningar (slumområden), i Nairobi, Kenya. Smart water management är ett ny tekniskt område som använder sensornätverk för kontinuerlig övervakning av vatteninfrastrukturer för att upptäcka avvikelser, som t.ex. läckage, och informera effektiv distribution av vattenresurser. Denna studie undersöker hur visualisering av data som samlats från vattennätet kan stödja det lokala vattenbolaget i Nairobi i arbetet med att förbättra vattendistributionen, inklusive underhåll och utbyggnad. En explorativ kvalitativ förstudie baserad på intervjuer med anställda på vattenbolaget och fältobservationer användes som underlag för en designprocess av interaktiva datavisualiseringar. I designprocessen skapades tre konceptuella prototyper som exemplifierar hur den insamlade datan skulle kunna inkorporeras i vattenbolagets praxis. Utformningen av prototyperna ledde till en diskussion om hur smart water management kan anpassas till de särskilda förutsättningarna i Nairobis informella bosättningar. En lyckad implementation av smart water management måste, förutom att stödja de insatser direkt relaterade till de informella bosättningarna, också adressera problematiken gällande ineffektiv och ojämlik fördelningen av vattenresurser i hela staden Nairobi.
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Wu, Xianfeng. "The design qualities and spatial organisation for higher education informal learning spaces." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2018. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/52362/.
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The impact of student populations, the technical revolution and social change have influenced innovations of future campus planning. Along with the evolution of pedagogical theory, the impact reflects the spatial configuration of the learning environment and the consequent student experiences therein. More specifically, the higher education informal learning spaces are increasingly being considered as essential to spatial expansion, meant to enrich the student experiences. How to design successful higher education’s informal learning space raises a broad spectrum of perspectives on different realms. This thesis reviews the considerations for designing informal learning spaces from four perspectives: The Architectural Perspective; the Pedagogical Perspective; the Building Management Perspective and the Spatial Configurational Perspective. The literature review reflects a dearth of empirical research on the impact of the design quality of the spatial organisation of the informal learning space on student experiences. Hence, the aim of this study is to critically assess the design quality of the spatial organisation of informal learning spaces that shape higher education students` spatial perceptions and activities within them. The study provides evidence relating to where, when, what, why and how students behave in informal learning spaces, while identifying the impact of student satisfaction with the design quality of the spatial organisation of informal learning spaces, with regard to the frequencies of student activities. It also explores the spatial design strategy for these contexts to better support the development of higher education’s ideal informal learning space. The case study method is employed to achieve the research aim. A mixed methods design, including the questionnaire, observation, interviews and focus groups, has been employed, at the Diamond at the University of Sheffield and the Newton at Nottingham Trent University. These were meant to study student activities, to obtain student preferences toward the design quality of the informal learning spaces, and to discuss the impact of the design quality upon student experiences. Consequently, the proposed framework of evaluating the informal learning spaces, including seven design quality aspects, the Physical Comfort, the Flexibility, the Socialising, the Openness, the Functionality, the Spatial Hierarchy and the Other Support, are discussed from a student perspective to identify and design better strategies for higher education informal learning spaces. The summaries could become a guideline for the architects and campus planners with the aim of creating better higher education informal learning spaces.
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Drake, Joel R. "Riding to Learn: Informal Science in Adult Cycling Communities." DigitalCommons@USU, 2018. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/7383.
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Our understanding of how the world works is shaped through countless interactions with things in it. These interactions are our first exposure to science. Through them, we learn that heavy things are hard to push and books do not fall through tables. Our interactions are also shaped by the rules of the groups to which we belong (e.g., families, religious organizations, athletic teams). These rules lead us to accept that some things cannot or should not be done, limiting our interactions with the world. At the same time, these rules change our appreciation for what we do experience.
Prior research has focused largely on the separate influences of either physical interactions or social interactions, leaving (relatively) unexplored their combined effects. In this dissertation, I describe how adults understand science related to their long-term participation in a recreational road bicycling group. The cyclists demonstrated a rich understanding of gearing and air resistance that paralleled, on a practical level, the explanations taught in school. This understanding was shaped by the cyclists’ years of physical experience interpreted in light of their individual goals for participating. For the cyclists in this study, knowing the science helped them be more efficient and faster riders. In the end, this study supports the idea that productive and valuable learning takes place in many settings and that it is important to account for the relationship between the social and physical aspects of learning when designing instructional experiences.
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Radu, Maria Carina. "Designing for a sustainable attitude : The role of informal education in changing students' attitude towards recycling." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för design (DE), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-96537.
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An essential part on the way to a sustainable society is each individual’s perspective on handling consumption. To develop a sustainable attitude towards one step in the consumption process, such as recycling, is a way to prevent environmental problems. This project aims to design through informal education and social innovation a solution for increasing the rate of waste separation among students in Sweden. In order to do so, it focuses on students at Linnaeus University in Växjö as an example and it responds to the local needs. It supposes collaborations with student associations, Linnaeus University, recycling companies and Växjö municipality. The solution proposes an innovative framework formulated to develop the habit of separating waste. Through informal education, it intends to deliver the knowledge and create the social space for practice and connection necessary in developing the proposed habit. The theoretical perspectives include design for learning in the context of waste separation, while gamification and learning by doing are tools for development. Several methods are used throughout the innovation process. Among these, conducting a workshop is the main one for defining the design project. The project can be considered a social innovation because it responds to the students’ needs of connection and self-worth, addressed through knowledge about recycling, awareness and interaction, and to the needs of the Swedish society of a higher rate of waste reparation.
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Mseleku, Erasmus. "Guidelines for Integrated Flood Control Design in the Informal Settlements of Cape Town Municipality : A case study of Kosovo Informal Settlement in Philippi District." Thesis, KTH, Urbana och regionala studier, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-298784.
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Flooding over the last few years has become the most frequent and devastating of the natural disasters. This has accounted for approximately half of the death-rate and a third of economic losses as a result of weather-related events. Though these flooding events affect many cities across the globe, it is often the less fortunate who are disproportionately impacted by such events. There are many factors as to why this is the unfortunate case, with a high number of the underprivileged urban population finding themselves living in informal settlements. These settlements are often developed on environmentally-fragile land on steep sites or floodplains and lack the adequate waste and drainage systems that control the flow of water, further aggravating the flood risk within these areas. These uneven hardships are no different to Cape Town metropolitan region. Flooding has become an annual recurrence for the city during the wet winter months between May and September, with the informal settlements in the Cape Flats low-lying area bearing the brunt of this impact. The research therefore aims to explore how integrated flood control design within urban development can contribute to creating social and environmental sustainable interventions for flood resilience in informal settlements within the Cape Town municipality. One of the most important findings was the strong relation between waste as one of the largest contributors to the flooding events in these settlements, which became a key driver for investigation within the research. Kosovo informal settlement is one of the hardest hit communities during Cape Town’s high rainfall winter seasons and will used as the case study area for the research. The objective of the study is to investigate the existing condition and the involved stakeholders to develop well thought design strategies and toolbox for the municipality, planners, and residents. The design strategies and toolbox provides mechanisms to rethink flood prevention measures by shifting from creating barriers [interrupt], to mechanisms that engage with floodwater [interact] within a case study area. This research has attempted to position the community at the centre. Community participation and collaboration with key stakeholders will allow the residents to contribute with their local knowledge, experience and voices, sharing their views on the design solutions that are required to be integrated into their spaces.
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Lohmann, Sven [Verfasser]. "Systematic Logic Controller Design as Sequential Function Chart Starting from Informal Requirements / Sven Lohmann." Aachen : Shaker, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1067735755/34.
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Fabe, Charlotte. "Translating the Inclusive Museum: Multi-Sensory Learning Inside Retirement Communities." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1592134659635971.
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Rodriguez, Jennifer. "INFORMAL ART THERAPY GROUP AMONG MINORITY SENIORS IN INDEPENDENT LIVING COMMUNITIES." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/658.
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The elderly population have developed some resistance toward accepting community-based social services. Such resistance could be detrimental to the well-being of low-income seniors by hindering their chance of accessing services intended for them in the first place. Art therapy is seen as a promising intervention against client resistance. This study evaluated the effectiveness of art therapy on reducing resistance to services among low-income seniors living in independent living communities. Through a pre-experimental design, this study analyzed administrative data for a sample of 37 participants from a social service agency in Southern California. Results from two non-parametric tests (WilcoxonSigned-Rank and Mann-Whitney-U) revealed that art therapy is very effective in reducing resistance among seniors. Implications for gerontology and social services providers were discussed.
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Yirenkyi, Samuel Yaw. "Conceptual design of a GIS-based land inventory model for urban informal settlement land management." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/4978.
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Bertilsson, Amanda. "Design of Furniture for the Informal Learning Environments : Development of an inclusive furniture for Next Education in collaboration with Kinnarps AB." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för ekonomi, teknik och samhälle, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-80162.
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The learning environment is one of our most important workplaces. It is mainly a workplace for students, but also teachers and other staff. It is the environment that these people are surrounded by every day, which makes the physical environment and physical products really important. The educational methods have changed over time, and the physical environment needs to be adapted to today’s learning methods to support and improve learning, and meet the new needs that arise. This Master Thesis is the final part of the Master Programme in Industrial Design Engineering at Luleå University of Technology. The work was carried out in spring 2020, in collaboration with the Swedish furniture company Kinnarps AB, based on their concept Next Education. Next Education is one of Kinnarps three concepts, where they offer interior design solutions focusing on the future learning environments. The work has aimed to develop a furniture concept proposal for the informal learning environments, focusing on secondary and upper secondary school, to enhance the learning experience and utilize these areas more efficiently. The project has been divided into three phases, Inspiration, Ideation, and Implementation, a user-centered design process with inspiration from IDEO (2015). The work had an open starting point, where the first phase aimed to visit different schools, from elementary school to upper secondary school, to explore needs and development potential. Observations at the various schools, combined with interviews, survey, and benchmarking were significant parts of the first phase. After that, the work could be directed to a more defined goal and Mission Statement. The Mission Statement was:“Design an inclusive furniture that encourages movement and variation for the secondary and upper secondary school spaces in-between.” The second phase involved developing ideas through creative methods and resulted in three concepts. After feedback and discussions, the final concept could be selected and was progressed to the final Implementation phase, where the concept was further developed. The final concept proposal was then modeled in CAD and visualized through renderings. The work resulted in a modular concept that is both environmentally friendly and inclusive (considering cognitive disabilities), which also contributes to informal learning and improved behavior. The concept, named LeanPod, is a wall-mounted furniture that offers both a screened study place and a support to lean against during short breaks or while waiting. It also has good sound-absorbing properties. Besides, it encourages more standing, which contributes to more variety and better ergonomics. The concept, which is designed with a focus on informal learning environments, contributes to a new way of seeing and using the learning environment. The concept leads to informal learning, that can be used for both self-study as well as an extension of the classroom. It contributes to an approach that learning happens in different areas and utilizes the spaces more efficiently.Lärmiljön är en oerhört viktig arbetsplats. Det är en arbetsplats för framför allt elever, men även lärare och annan personal. Det är den miljö som dessa personer omges av varje dag, vilket gör att den fysiska miljön och de fysiska produkterna är oerhört viktiga. De pedagogiska metoderna har förändrats över tid och den fysiska miljön behöver vara anpassad för dagens lärandemetoder, för att stödja och förbättra inlärningen, samt möta de nya behov som uppstår. Denna rapport redogör för examensarbetet inom civilingenjör Teknisk Design, med inriktning produktutveckling vid Luleå tekniska universitet. Arbetet har utförts under våren 2020, i samarbete med det svenska möbelföretaget Kinnarps AB, och med utgångspunkt deras koncept, Next Education. Next Education är ett av Kinnarps tre koncept där de erbjuder inredningslösningar med fokus på framtidens lärmiljöer. Målet med arbetet har varit att ta fram ett möbelkoncept för de informella lärmiljöerna med fokus på högstadiet och gymnasiet, med syfte att förbättra inlärningsupplevelsen och utnyttja dessa ytor på ett mer effektivt sätt. Projektet har varit indelat i tre faser, Inspiration, Ideation och Implementation, en användarcentrerad designprocess med inspiration från IDEO (2015). Arbetet utgick från ett öppet perspektiv, där första fasen gick ut på att besöka ett antal olika skolor, från lågstadiet upp till gymnasiet, för att utforska behov och utvecklingspotential. Observationer på de olika skolorna, i kombination med intervjuer, enkät och benchmarking var en stor del av den första fasen. Därefter riktades arbetet till ett mer definierat mål och Mission Statement. Projektets Mission Statement var: ”Designa en inkluderande möbel som uppmuntrar till rörelse och variation för högstadiets och gymnasiets mellanrumsytor.” Den andra fasen innebar att ta fram idéer genom kreativa metoder och resulterade i tre koncept. Efter feedback och diskussioner kunde det slutliga konceptet väljas ut, som sedan togs vidare till den sista Implementeringsfasen, där konceptet utvecklades vidare. Det slutliga konceptförslaget modellerades sedan i CAD och visualiserades genom renderingar. Arbetet resulterade i ett modulärt koncept som är både miljövänligt och inkluderande (med fokus på kognitiva funktionsnedsättningar), samt bidrar till informellt lärande och förbättrat beteende. Konceptet, döpt till LeanPod, är en väggfast möbel som erbjuder både en avskild studieplats, samt ett stöd att luta mot under korta pauser eller under väntan. Det har även har mycket goda ljudabsorberande egenskaper. Dessutom uppmuntrar det till att stå upp mer, vilket bidrar till mer variation och bättre ergonomi. Konceptet, som är designat med fokus på de informella lärmiljöerna, bidrar till ett nytt sätt att se och använda lärmiljön på. Konceptet bidrar till ett informellt lärande, som kan användas såväl för självstudier och som en förlängning av klassrummen. Det bidrar till ett synsätt av att lärande kan ske på fler ställen och utnyttjar ytor på ett mer effektivt sätt.
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Fannin, Nicole M. "bahay sa buhay [from house to life]: exploring architecture's role in informal settlement in Payatas, Philippines." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1276952543.
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Filho, Jose dos Santos Cabral. "Formal games and interactive design : computers as formal devices for informal interaction between clients and architects." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.245548.
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Rautenbach, Victoria-Justine. "The use of 3D geovisualisations for urban design : the case of informal settlement upgrading in South Africa." Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/60016.
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Informal settlements are a common occurrence in South African due to housing backlogs and shortage of housing subsidies, and are often located on disputed land. To improve in-situ circumstances of these communities, informal settlement upgrades and urban design is required. Spatial data and maps are essential throughout the entire upgrading and urban design process in order to understand the current environment, plan new developments and communicate planned developments. All stakeholders need to understand maps to ensure active participation in the urban design process. Previous research demonstrated that a large number of planning professionals in South Africa have a relatively low level of map literacy, which is considered to be inadequate for effective planning. Many researchers proclaimed that because 3D visualisations resemble the real environment more than traditional maps, and are more intuitive, therefore 3D geovisualisations are easier to interpret. The goal of this research is to investigate the use of 3D geovisualisations (specifically 3D city models) for urban design in informal settlement upgrading in South Africa. To achieve this goal, the following topics were investigated: modelling processes (manual and procedural); visual design (visual characteristics, visual complexity and visual variables); and cognition related to spatial tasks on 3D geovisualisations and comparable alternatives (i.e. topographic maps, aerial photographs, 2D maps) when performing basic map reading tasks. Procedural modelling was found to be a feasible alternative to time-consuming manual modelling and has the capabilities to produce high-quality models. When investigating the visual design, the visualisation characteristics of 3D models of informal settlements, and relevance of a subset of visual variables for urban design activities of informal settlement upgrades were assessed. The results were used to produce various maps and 3D geovisualisations that were presented in quantitative user studies and expert interviews. The results of four user studies and expert interviews contributed to understanding the impact of various levels of complexity in 3D city models and map literacy of future geoinformatics and planning professionals when using aerial photographs, 2D maps and 3D models. The research results could assist planners in designing suitable 3D models for use throughout the entire urban design process.As gevolg van agterstande met behuising en ’n tekort aan behuisingsubsidies, is informele woongebiede ’n algemene verskynsel in Suid-Afrika en is dit dikwels op betwiste grond geleë. Om hierdie in-situ omstandighede van die gemeenskappe te verbeter, is daar opgradering en stedelike beplanning nodig. Ruimtelike data en kaarte is deurlopend noodsaaklik vir die volledige opgradering en stadsbeplanningproses om sodoende die huidige omgewing te verstaan, nuwe ontwikkelings te beplan en die beplande ontwikkelings te kommunikeer. Dit is noodsaaklik dat alle rolspelers kaarte verstaan om aktiewe deelname aan die stedelike beplanningsproses te verseker. Vorige navorsing het getoon dat ’n groot aantal professionele beplanners in Suid-Afrika ’n relatiewe lae vlak van kaartgeletterdheid het, wat beskou word as onvoldoende om doeltreffende beplanning te kan doen. Baie navorsers maak daarop aanspraak dat 3D geovisualiserings nader aan die werklike omgewing is en dat dit meer intuïtief en makliker as tradisionele kaarte vertolk kan word. Die doel van hierdie navorsing is om die gebruik van 3D geovisualiserings (meer spesifiek 3D stadsmodelle) te ondersoek om die ontwikkeling van stadsbeplanning in informele woongebiede in Suid-Afrika op te gradeer. Om hierdie doelwit te bereik, is die volgende onderwerpe nagevors: modelleringsprosesse (volgens handleidings en prosesse); visuele ontwerp (visuele eienskappe, visuele kompleksiteit en visuele veranderlikes); en die herkenning van verwante ruimtelike take op 3D geovisualiserings en vergelykbare alternatiewe (byvoorbeeld topografiese kaarte, lugfoto’s, 2D kaarte) wanneer basiese kaartlees take uitgevoer word. Prosedurele modellering is ’n haalbare alternatief teenoor tydrowende modellering volgens handleidings en dit het die moontlikhede om hoë kwaliteit modelle te lewer. By die ondersoek van visuele ontwerp is die visuele karaktereienskappe van 3D modelle van informele woongebiede en die relevantheid van ’n onderafdeling van visuele veranderlikes beoordeel/geassesseer vir ontwerpaktiwiteite by informele nedersettings. Die resultate is gebruik om verskillende kaarte en 3D geovisualiserings te skep wat in kwantitatiewe gebruikerstudies en in onderhoude met kenners aangebied is. Die resultate van vier gebruikerstudies en onderhoude met kenners, het bygedra om die impak te verstaan van verskillende moeilikheidsvlakke van 3D stadsmodelle en kaartgeletterdheid van toekomstige geoinformatika- en professionele beplanners wanneer lugfoto’s, 2D kaarte en 3D modelle gebruik word. Die navorsingsresultate kan beplanners ondersteun om geskikte 3D modelle te ontwerp wat deurlopend in die stedelike beplanningsproses gebruik kan word.
Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2017.
National Research Foundation (NRF)
German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD)
University of Pretoria’s vice-chancellor academic development grant
University of Pretoria’s Study Abroad programme
Centre for Geoinformation Science
Geography, Geoinformatics and Meteorology
PhD
Unrestricted
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Carvalho, Ana Mafalda Gini de. "Design de Comunicação Para Sistemas Educativos não Formais." Master's thesis, Faculdade de Ciências Sociais e Humanas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/12246.
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Relatório de Actividade Profissional apresentado para cumprimento dos requisitos necessários à obtenção do grau de Mestre em Ciências da Comunicação – vertente de Novos Média e Práticas WebO presente Relatório de Actividade Profissional, desenvolvido no âmbito do Mestrado de Ciências da Comunicação – vertente Novos Média e Práticas Web, foca-se no estudo do design de interface como ferramenta essencial para a produção de sistemas de ensino informais e é o complemento das funções que exerci no CITI- Centro de Investigação para Tecnologias Interactivas, localizado na FCSH, centro no qual realizei o meu estágio e posteriores funções profissionais. Pretende o seguinte relatório analisar o papel essencial do design na transmissão de conhecimentos online, e a maneira como este deve ser adaptado a públicos-alvo específicos, de modo a criar prazer no ensino e comunidades de interesse/partilha. Serão analisados neste relatório três websites diferentes, mas com um tema comum: o e-learning informal. Todos os websites foram realizados no CITI, e o seu layout desenvolvido por mim. São eles: O Caminho das Letras, a Biblioteca de Livros Digitais e o Sítio das Doenças Respiratórias.
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MORO, MARCO. "The project of informal education. A design trajectory of university architectures in postwar Latin America and Italy." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11584/315903.
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The 21st century has witnessed a growing debate around learning places. A new educational paradigm that favored the spreading of the concept of informality in the renewed pedagogical models has long promised a radical evolution in the design of educational spaces, with the ideal figure of the university campus called to rethink its founding principles to stimulate new alliances between the design of its architectures and the new pedagogical agenda. In contemporary architectural discourse, we are witnessing a paradox: on the one hand, the euphoric rediscovery of the so-called radical pedagogies that in the Seventies had challenged the authoritarianism of the university institution guided by the principle of emancipation from the productive logic of the bureaucratic state; on the other hand, the often artificial revival of an informal use of space instrumentally adapted to the new production logics of a flexible and ever-changing reality. The thesis explores the precedents of this phenomenon in the aftermath of the Second World War in a specific region of Latin America which, despite its peripheral position, has functioned as a laboratory of design experiences on the project of educational space, in dialogue with some Italian architects directly involved in the design of those spaces in which they themselves worked as educators. The research is therefore structured on the critical-design analysis of six university campus projects conceived between Chile and Argentina in the 1950s. The selected episodes are presented as interconnected nodes of an educational project instigated by the same university institutions that intended to favor the relational component in their programs, to transform their internal organization into a flexible structure and to realize the highest level of integration with the outside world, identified both in the immediate context (urban) and in the larger one (regional). What emerges from the trajectory of selected episodes is a complex of architectural and urban solutions that are anything but neutral and univocal with respect to an alleged pedagogical mandate. On the contrary, these are multiple, ambitious and even divergent solutions, identified by specific design themes through which to explore the new educational paradigm within their own specific context. Therefore, the limits of the peripheral condition are turned into the advantages of a privileged territory for architecturally exploring the relationship between university and city around the theme of the monument, the ground, the megastructure, the envelope or the internal atrium. In parallel, the thesis identifies the architect-educator in charge of these experiments as a prototypical figure. In particular, they always participate in the post-war architectural discourse by operating an internal critique mostly supported by design contributions. As part of the institutional apparatus of the university, all the protagonists of the selected episodes interpret and adapt this figure to a specific condition with their contribution that are not only original proposals for educational spaces, but all these proposals are always reinvested in the environment in which each of them already work as teacher or consultant.
In conclusion, the selected episodes and the work of the South American and Italian architects operating in this particular context become the pretext for discussing a design trajectory enriched by other experiences and theoretical contributions that are previous, contemporary or subsequent to the selected cases, rather instrumental for repositioning the architectural and urban themes analysed in this thesis at the center of a critical reflection on the design of contemporary educational spaces, especially on the gradual shift from the extended dimension of the campus to the inner content of its architectures.
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Siame, Gilbert. "Understanding conflicting rationalities in city planning: a case study of co-produced infrastructure in informal settlements in Kampala." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/25451.
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Kampala is Uganda's capital city and is one the fastest growing cities in the world. Over 60% of the city's urban population live and work informally. In 2002, the Ugandan Minister of Lands, Housing and Urban Development attended the World Urban Forum in Kenya, where he met with the international president of Slum/Shack Dwellers International (SDI), Jockin Arputham. The Minister requested the support of SDI to mobilise the residents of Kampala for settlement upgrading. Following this invitation, the SDI president, with Federation members from South Africa and India, visited Kampala. This visit resulted in the signing of an agreement to enable community residents and the state to jointly improve the living conditions of people in informal settlements in Kampala. This marked the beginning of a new form of state-society relations, called co-production. These relations have grown, evolved and progressively matured over the years. This evolutionary case study asks how co-production engagements in the City of Kampala provide empirical support for an enhanced theoretical framework in planning which contributes to ideas of state-society engagement in the cities of the global South. Drawing on poststructuralist theory and cases of co-production, a conceptual framework provides the theoretical basis to examine how service delivery and city planning under co-production are shaped by power and rationalities that occur at the interface between state and society. This study draws on key proponents of the case study method. Primary data and information were collected, using semi-structured interviews. Document analysis and observations were used to supplement the interview processes and data. The findings were analysed and then used to engage with the theoretical materials in order to write back to theory and then generate theoretical prepositions on planning theory and co-production as an interventive planning framework. Key findings show that communities and civic groups used tools of enumerations, exchange visits and savings to assert their claims and demands, as well as to advance and secure their survival assets and systems. The study reveals complex multifaceted and dynamic power struggles and matrixes within and between structures of the state in the implementation of various co-production initiatives and relations. The state displays and relies on incoherent legal and policy positions, acts informally and operates between old and new ways of engaging with communities. The study further reveals tension points, reversals and the 'holding back' of state power during encounters of state, networked and multiple community power bases that have strong and influential claims to urban space, materialities such as land, trading spaces, informal livelihood systems, place and belonging. The narratives show that community is segmented and conflicted, with individuals and civic groups straddling the divide between state and societal spaces. The combination of organised community resistance and collaboration led to 'quiet encroachment' to shift state positions on development regulations and to disrupt and refine states' schemes of community intervention to become open and more inclusive. The conflicting rationalities and deep differences between state agents and communities extend beyond the binary of state and 'community'. The narratives reveal the fragmented nature of the state - formal and informal - and the divisions within and between society and civic groups characterised by the politics of control of space and territoriality, differentiation and belonging. The case study engages with theory to provide an important caution against the limitations of assuming that planning can adopt consensualist processes in the cities of the South. It suggests that co-production offers a more productive and realistic way of approaching state-society engagement in planning, but is also fraught with difficulties that are also present in the wider context within which engagement occurs. Therefore, this thesis also argues that planning in the South should be seen as both a collaborative and conflicted process. In addition, it postulates that there is nothing peaceful about urban life, and that power and conflict are ubiquitous elements that both produce and are a product of the interface between state and society.
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Machiridza, Rumbudzayi Dorothy. "Exploring and profiling of childhood illnesses in informal settlements in relation to flooding: a case study of Barcelona, Cape Town South Africa." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/4976.
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Includes abstract.Includes bibliographical references.
A significant number of studies have documented illnesses that follow flooding as a result of people coming into contact with contaminated water. Floods cause health risks by exposing children to bacteria, protozoa, viruses and fungi through contaminated water, contaminated household items, dead animals and mould, as a result of inhalation, ingestion and wound infections. This study focuses on the impacts of flooding on child health in the informal settlement of Barcelona, Cape Town. The health outcomes of flooding are conceptualized within the vulnerability framework of Turner and colleagues (2003), which explores human vulnerability in terms of exposure, sensitivity and resilience. In addition, the framework reflects global environment change and it powerfully defines the term vulnerability. There were three main research objectives. Firstly, the research established factors and other stressors that determined the occurrence of water-related illnesses among children in informal settlements as a result of flooding. Secondly, the research explored and identified the flood-related childhood illnesses. Lastly, the research identified strategies households applied in order to protect their children from flood-related illnesses. The study was conducted through the administration of 45 questionnaires, 2 focus group interviews and personal observation. The study adopted both qualitative and quantitative methodologies in order to understand the perceptions of what flood-related illnesses were and what caused them. Results from the qualitative research were used to triangulate data from the quantitative research. The integration of both methodologies provided additional solutions to understanding the impacts of floods on child health in Barcelona. Ethics approval was granted by Ethics Committee of the Engineering and the Built Environment Faculty at the University of Cape Town. The research findings suggest that flood-related illnesses in Barcelona were a result of different and interlinking factors. The various factors included poor access to basic services, general poor urban health, and location of the settlement and household hygienic factors. In addition, children were more exposed to risks inside dwellings as compared to risks outside dwellings. Vector-borne illnesses were the least recorded cases. In order to mitigate child illnesses resulting from flooding the households applied both proactive and reactive strategies such as buying of medication before and during flooding, bathing their children after they finish playing, and sending children to relatives during the flooding period and cleaning dwellings after flooding. Research findings highlighted that there is a significant association between child health and flooding in Barcelona. The types of illnesses that were reported were mainly water-related illnesses, which included respiratory illnesses, gastrointestinal illnesses, skin and ear infections and vector-borne illnesses.
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Lau, Yuen-yee Judy, and 劉婉儀. "The city paradox: to integrate informal settlement community into urban context with sustainable landscapeintervention." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2011. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B47543851.
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Sales, Nagírley Kessin de Oliveira. "Processo de aprendizagem nas práticas urbanas." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/16/16135/tde-24112010-151730/.
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Esta dissertação de mestrado versa sobre algumas questões acerca de participação, tais como estratégia na educação e para a cidadania, da conquista de espaços públicos em suas transformações físico-políticos e qualitativo na gestão ambiental. Trata-se da análise das experiências em assentamentos subnormais em que, apesar terem sido trabalhos contratados pelo poder público, o arquiteto/pesquisador procurou planejar, desenvolver e xecutar os projetos através da visão de quem estava recebendo os investimentos. Entendendo que participar é poder tomar decisão em algum processo que irá mudar o destino de uma determinada situação, de forma espontânea ou não, mirando um futuro que desde já no presente deve ser melhorado. Assim é preciso que os sujeitos sociais tomem de informações preciosas, e provoque discussões num espaço múltiplo, diversificado perceber e encarar as questões da paisagem relamente relevantes. Fruto da discussão, podem começar a aparecer soluções criativas, no processo de tomada de decisão que melhor atenda às necessidades e aos anseios da população em questão. Muitos foram os conflitos, principalmente, entre o arquiteto/pesquisador e o contratante/poder público, em virtude das diferenças de entendimento e abordagem, que se interpuseram na reconstrução de um espaço urbano em que, por lei, era obrigatório o envolvimento ou a participação do usuário para validar o próprio empréstimo. Entre essas diferenças estava a divergente concepção do que seria qualidade para a população, a que estariam destinadas os investimentos, constituídas de famílias de poucos recursos. Também apresenta uma síntese metodológica no aprimoramento para a elaboração de projetos e obras de urbanização de favelas, atendendo não apenas a administração pública como também a população que recebe o investimento tendo como desafio a dimensão de uma educação não-formal, potencializando uma maneira ativa de participação popular que aponta, partir da manifestação do coletivo, para uma qualidade de cidadania, que institui o cidadão como criador de direitos para abrir novos espaços, capaz de influenciar políticas públicas.This masters degree dissertation addresses some issues regarding participation, such as education and citizenship strategies, in achieving public areas in their physical-political and qualitative transformation in the environment management. The dissertation is refering to the analysis of experiences in sub-normal settlements where the architect/researcher strived to plan, develop, and execute projects from the perspective of those receiving the investments, although Public Power contracted their jobs, by understanding that participating is being able to make decisions in some process that will change, either spontaneously or not, the destiny of a given situation, targeting a tomorrow which should be improved as of today. Thus, social individuals need to gather worthy information and stimulate discussions within a multiple environment that is diversified in away to perceive and cope with actually relevant issues of the scenario. Resulting from discussions, creative solutions may start to come up in the decision-making process that better meet the needs and wishes of the target population. Many conflicts ensued between the architect/researcher and the contracting party, Public Power, because of the differences of understanding and approach that interfered in the rebuilding of an urban area where the involvement or participation of users was mandatory by law to validate the loan itself. Among these differences, there was the divergent conception of what should be considered as quality for the population for whom investments were designated and what was constituted of low-income families. Also, what it is presents a methodological synthesis to improve project design and urbanization construction works in squatter settlements - favelas - by responding not only to public administration, but also to the population receiving the investment. The challenges include: the dimension of an informal education, and the empowerment of an active manner of popular participation that points to, from the populations manifestations, a citizenship quality, one which institutes the citizen as a rights designer to open new areas, enabled to influence public policies.
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[Verfasser], Zegeye Cherenet Mamo. "Designing the Informal - Spatial design strategies for the emerging urbanization around water bodies in Ethiopia / Zegeye Cherenet Mamo." Hamburg : HafenCity Universität Hamburg, Bibliothek, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1078164363/34.
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Mamo, Zegeye Cherenet [Verfasser]. "Designing the Informal - Spatial design strategies for the emerging urbanization around water bodies in Ethiopia / Zegeye Cherenet Mamo." Hamburg : HafenCity Universität Hamburg, Bibliothek, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1078164363/34.
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Gutiérrez, Figueroa Francisco Javier. "Guidelines to design computer-supported technology for mediating intergenerational communication and informal elderly caregiving in southern cone families." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2017. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/145984.
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Doctor en Ciencias, Mención ComputaciónLa tendencia de usar servicios de redes sociales en línea y mensajería móvil instantánea ha cambiado tanto la forma en que las personas se relacionan como los espacios en los cuales interactúan. En el contexto de comunicación intergeneracional, este nuevo escenario de interacción ha sido poco estudiado y comprendido desde una perspectiva holística, es decir, considerando las actitudes, expectativas, puntos de vista e intereses de todas las partes involucradas en el proceso. Si bien existen perspectivas orientadas a intervenir este escenario de interacción, con un enfoque basado principalmente en gerontología social y antropología, el problema no ha sido profundamente estudiado desde un enfoque computacional. En términos generales, el diseño de tecnología para apoyar el cuidado de adultos mayores no ha reconocido ampliamente la complejidad y heterogeneidad de dicha actividad. Consecuentemente, esto introduce una brecha entre las necesidades de los adultos mayores y los servicios provistos por sus redes de apoyo. Por ejemplo, la mayoría de los adultos mayores en Latinoamérica no han sido capaces ni han manifestado interés en adoptar tecnología digital para interactuar socialmente con sus familias. Esta actitud, junto a un alto grado de compromiso derivado de la fuerte obligación filial característica de las sociedades colectivistas, sobrecarga a los familiares más implicados en el cuidado informal de sus adultos mayores, generando indirectamente tensiones con otros miembros. Luego, en lugar de tecnología más avanzada para apoyar el envejecimiento en el hogar, se requiere de un mejor entendimiento de la complejidad y diversidad de las experiencias de vida y necesidades de cuidado de los adultos mayores, para así apoyar el diseño de soluciones socio-técnicas potencialmente efectivas. Para abordar el problema presentado, esta tesis estudia empíricamente, a través de un enfoque inductivo basado en Trabajo Cooperativo Asistido por Computador, el escenario de interacción y colaboración en familias del Cono Sur. La finalidad de dichos estudios es modelar de manera integral la estructura y dinámica de los procesos de cuidado informal e interacción intergeneracional para comprender sus sutilezas desde un enfoque socio-técnico, y así diseñar nuevos mecanismos basados en computador para intervenirlos. Esto se traduce concretamente en identificar aspectos de diseño claves de dichos procesos, considerando el punto de vista de los adultos mayores y cómo se articulan los distintos miembros de la familia en este contexto. En otras palabras, el entender las implicancias de diseño derivadas del análisis sistemático del escenario de estudio, nos lleva a formular consideraciones de diseño que deben ser tenidas en cuenta a la hora de concebir soluciones que apoyen dichos procesos. Organizando estas consideraciones de diseño de acuerdo a su relación con las partes involucradas y las dimensiones que inciden en la arquitectura del software a desarrollar, nos lleva a proponer guías estructuradas para apoyar el proceso de diseño, desarrollo e implantación de sistemas computacionales en el dominio de estudio. Finalmente, esta tesis propone una serie de instrumentos que ayudan, por un lado, a identificar consideraciones y guías de diseño relevantes, y por otro lado, a apoyar a diseñadores de software a tomar decisiones arquitectónicas informadas a través de un proceso guiado en base a evidencia empírica. Considerando las guías propuestas, investigadores, diseñadores y profesionales trabajando en el área de computación social, podrán entender de mejor manera la complejidad del escenario estudiado con la finalidad de identificar soluciones plausibles para mejorar la experiencia de usuario y la efectividad de estrategias de mediación comunicacional y cuidado informal de adultos mayores asistidas por computador.
Esta tesis ha sido financiada por la beca CONICYT-PFCHA/Doctorado Nacional/2013-21130075, y apoyada parcialmente por el Proyecto FONDECYT 1150252 y el Programa de Becas de NIC Chile
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Getlinger, Daniela Cristina Vianna. "Metodologias projetuais nos territórios informais: Heliópolis." Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie, 2013. http://tede.mackenzie.br/jspui/handle/tede/2599.
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Previous issue date: 2013-02-25Nowadays, the biggest population growth occurs in megacities of the developing countries, where extreme forms of modernization coexist with large scale informal urban conditions. In the informal territories of these megacities, large concentration of poverty, social problems along with social and economic dynamics, creative initiatives and sense of urbanity is observed. Considering that currently 1/3 of the world population lives in poor conditions (in slums and distance outskirts), and that the urban poor is the fastest growing population group in the world, it is based on the understanding of the informal territory as part of the city, that new strategies of intervention in the megacity shall be investigated. Issues posed by the social and spatial reality in the megacities of the 21st century, such as quantity, density and new conditions of urbanity, require new instruments of investigation, new vocabulary and concepts and more dynamic design strategies. To intervene in these dynamic territories, more flexible strategies, capable of considering multiple futures, are required. Diverse urbanisms and different programs, rather than stable configutarions of permanent forms. In this sense, the research points to the process of co-creation as an urban design strategy in the informal territories. Methodologies of intervention within the informal territory of Heliópolis are the research object of in this study.
O maior crescimento populacional mundial atual ocorre nas megacidades dos países em desenvolvimento, onde formas extremas de modernização convivem com condições urbanas informais de grande escala; onde coexistem grande concentração de pobreza e problemas socioambientais, com altos níveis de microdinâmicas sociais e econômicas, práticas criativas e senso de urbanidade. Considerando-se que atualmente, aproximadamente 1/3 da população mundial vive em condições precárias e que a população urbana pobre é a que mais cresce no mundo, é a partir do entendimento do território informal como parte integrante da cidade, que se pretende investigar estratégias contemporâneas de intervenção na megacidade. Questões colocadas pela realidade social e espacial nas megacidades do século 21, tais como quantidade, densidade e novas condições de urbanidade, demandam novos instrumentos de investigação, novo vocabulário e conceitos, e estratégias projetuais mais dinâmicas. Na intervenção nesses territórios dinâmicos são necessárias estratégias mais flexíveis que consideram múltiplos futuros. Urbanismos e programas diversos, em vez de configurações estáveis ou formas definitivas. Neste sentido, a pesquisa aponta para os processos de cocriação como estratégia projetual urbana nos territórios informais. O objeto da pesquisa são as metodologias projetuais urbanas no território informal de Heliópolis.
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Yen, Lydia. "Lessons from the Allocation of Food Vendors in Bangkok, Thailand." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1427899010.
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Al, Awar Zeina. "Using HIT to Support Informal Caregivers of Cancer Patients at Home: a Needs Assessment." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/34112.
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Introduction: This research investigated the requirements of an HIT solution that is usable and useful to informal caregivers of cancer patients on home palliative care.
Methodology: A needs assessment method was used with an exploratory and a confirmatory stage. Eight semi-structured interviews and two focus groups were used for data collection. Qualitative content analysis was used to analyse caregiver experiences with both inductive and deductive coding.
Results/Discussion: Expressed and unexpressed caregiver needs were extracted into four categories, Implementation, Presentation, Information, and Practical Caregiving, and used to create the application requirements. Five user personas were created based on caregiving intensity and the functional level of the patients, a method of tailoring the application content to the different personas was created, and a low-fidelity prototype of the application was designed.
Conclusion: The findings of this research can improve the preparedness and coping of informal caregivers of cancer patients on home palliative care.
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Steeves, Jeannette Frost. "Examination of Universal Design in Kitchens and Bathrooms of the Housing and Urban Development Demonstration Program Elderly Cottage Housing Opportunity." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/77131.
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Appropriate housing for the aging American population is a timely topic of research in both housing and gerontology. Universal design is an innovation in housing design that is gaining interest from both industries.
This research examines the effectiveness of universal design features that have been identified by experts in the field of aging, housing, and universal design as important to resident and caregiver participants of the ECHO demonstration housing program.
A national survey was conducted that included all available current residents of the HUD ECHO houses and their caregivers. The relationships between age, effectiveness of universal design features, health and dependency were investigated. Quantitative results include some confounding relationships, and plausible explanations.
A qualitative analysis, based on on-site and telephone interviews, and tape recordings of those interviews with residents and their caregivers, as well as architectural drawings, observation, and photographs of the ECHO houses provided additional details. The qualitative approach indicated that many of the universal design features recommended by the experts consulted satisfactorily met the needs of residents and/or their caregivers. It also revealed, however that some features were not considered important by residents and caregivers, some were not reported as present (when they were documented by the researcher as present), and at least one HUD-specified universal design feature was not provided by ECHO houses.
Another aspect of the qualitative perspective addressed the health of the residents. Health characteristics are presented in the context of their effect on dependency. Phase II dependency task information was compared to that reported in phase I, and improvement and decline was noted.
Conclusions, and Implications that elaborate on findings, and future research is recommended for taking this research to the next level.Ph. D.
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Miller, Faye Q. "Knowledge ecosystems of early career academics : a grounded theory of experiencing information use for learning in developmental networks." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2014. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/71395/2/Faye_Miller_Thesis.pdf.
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This study explored early career academics' experiences in using information to learn while building their networks for professional development. A 'knowledge ecosystem' model was developed consisting of informal learning interactions such as relating to information to create knowledge and engaging in mutually supportive relationships. Findings from this study present an alternative interpretation of information use for learning that is focused on processes manifesting as human interactions with informing entities revolving around the contexts of reciprocal human relationships.
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Marques, Cristina. "Uma intervenção psicoeducativa na gestão da sobrecarga do cuidador Informal de pessoa com esquizofrenia." Master's thesis, Instituto Politécnico de Setúbal. Escola Superior de Saúde, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.26/6269.
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Relatório de Trabalho de projeto de Mestrado em Enfermagem para o cumprimento dos requisitos necessários à obtenção do grau de mestre em Enfermagem de Saúde Mental e Psiquiátrica, realizado sobre a orientação do Professor Joaquim LopesNo presente trabalho analisamos os possíveis benefícios, de um projeto de intervenção psicoeducativa, na redução da sobrecarga de cuidadores informais de pessoas em situação de esquizofrenia. Sendo a psicoeducação parte integrante dos cuidados de enfermagem especializada em saúde mental e psiquiatria, tentámos confirmar a hipótese experimental de que os cuidadores informais submetidos a um programa psicoeducativo multifamiliar que inclua o utente e também entrevistas de suporte emocional unifamiliar, apresentam maior redução da sobrecarga de que os cuidadores informais que recebem os cuidados habituais num Espaço Terapêutico e Comunitário de Saúde Mental. Para melhor confirmar ou infirmar esta hipótese, na primeira parte deste relatório, apresentamos um estudo de desenho experimental com pré-teste, pós-teste e grupo de controlo randomizado, numa amostragem de 14 cuidadores informais. Estes foram agrupados aleatoriamente em dois grupos, um experimental (N=7) e outro de controlo (N=7). Ao grupo experimental foi realizado um programa multifamiliar psicoeducativo com participação do utente e entrevistas individualizadas de suporte emocional, durante três meses. Como instrumento de colheita de dados, foi utilizado o QPF de Xavier et al (2002). O instrumento foi aplicado com o consentimento informado dos participantes e autorização formal dos responsáveis do serviço, no início e fim do projeto nos dois grupos. Não encontrámos diferenças de médias, estatisticamente significativas (p > .05) entre os dois grupos de investigação, na sobrecarga. Contudo, verificámos que o grupo experimental teve uma diminuição da sobrecarga 10.57% superior ao grupo de controlo. Os dados suportam a decisão de investir em projetos, desta natureza, naquele contexto específico, porque está associado a benefícios na redução da sobrecarga, superiores a 5%. Na segunda parte do relatório, refletimos sobre as principais competências clínicas e científicas desenvolvidas durante o estágio clinico. Estas competências basearam-se em intervenções terapêuticas realizadas com os utentes e seus cuidadores informais que frequentam o Espaço Terapêutico Comunitário. Foi possível desenvolver habilidades no domínio da relação de ajuda existencialista, na psicoeducação familiar, no treino de competências sociais e na metodologia de investigação científica segundo uma abordagem quantitativa.
Abstract: In this paper we analyze the possible benefits of a psychoeducational intervention project, reducing the burden of informal caregivers of people suffering from schizophrenia. Being psychoeducation part of nursing care in specialized mental health and psychiatry, we tried to confirm the experimental hypothesis that informal caregivers undergo a multifamily psychoeducational program that includes user interviews of single-family emotional support, have a higher reduction of overhead that informal caregivers receiving usual care in a Therapeutic Area Community and Mental Health. To better confirm or refute this hypothesis, we used a study of experimental design with pretest and posttest randomized control group, a sample of 14 caregivers. They were grouped randomly into two groups, one experimental group (N = 7) and a control (N = 7). In the experimental group was held multifamily psychoeducational program with participation of the user individualized interviews and emotional support for three months. As an instrument of data collection was used the QPF Xavier et al (2002). It was administered with the informed consent of participants and formal authorization of the responsible service, at the beginning and end of the project in both groups. We did not find differences in means, statistically significant (p> .05) between the two research groups, the overload. However, we have found that the experimental group had a decreased burden 10:57% higher than the control group. The data support the decision to invest in projects of this nature, in that specific context because it is associated with benefits in reducing overhead, greater than 5%. In the second part of the report, we reflect on key clinical and scientific skills developed during the clinical stage. These competencies were based on therapeutic interventions with patients and their informal caregivers attending the Therapeutic Area Community. It was possible to develop skills in the field of helping relationship existentialist in family psychoeducation, training in social skills and methodology of scientific research according to a quantitative approach.
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Kellam, Hugh James Dowler. "A Conceptual Framework to Guide the Design, Delivery and Evaluation of Quality Mobile Learning Experiences." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/32955.
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Mobile learning has the pedagogical potential to provide informal, context-based educational experiences that can teach practical and applicable workplace skills and behaviors. The goal of this study was to examine the learning experiences and outcomes of healthcare professionals as they participated in a mobile learning activity designed to teach them the technical and procedural skills for facilitating clinical consultations via videoconference. The primary research question was: How does the use of a curriculum framework to design mobile learning experiences impact the learning experiences and outcomes of healthcare professionals with regards to developing workplace skills and understanding clinical processes?
Informed by a systematic review of the mobile learning literature, this dissertation proposed a conceptual framework to guide the implementation and evaluation of mobile learning based on five dimensions of instructional design: content, structure, delivery, usability and communities of practice. Physicians, nurses and healthcare administrators voluntarily participated in this pragmatic, mixed methods study. Their quantitative and qualitative feedback was utilized both to assess the validity of the proposed mobile learning experience conceptual framework as well as its quantitative and qualitative evaluation tools.
The study found that informal, contextual mobile learning content can promote communication and collaboration among healthcare professionals, and provide them with hands-on learning experiences that can be easily situated in a specific workplace environment. Delivery was identified as perhaps the most critical element in increasing motivation and interactivity among participants, and communities of practice after the learning activity were found to increase collaboration and provide opportunities for problem-solving. The structure of embedding the informal mobile learning experience within a formal, didactic online learning course was also found by participants to provide the right mix of background knowledge and practical application to produce meaningful learning outcomes.
Overall, the mobile learning experience conceptual framework synthesizes best practices in the literature and proposes innovative methods for the design and evaluation of effective mobile learning.
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Waller, Megan. "Open spaces in informal settlements in Bangkok, Thailand and the potential role for landscape architects in their design and evolution." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2017. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/17689/.
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In response to the prevalence and predicted increase in slums in the global south UN Habitat are presently advocating a phased street and public space led upgrading approach. Such an approach indicates that the discipline of landscape architecture, based on its skills, knowledge and expertise, has the potential to contribute to these marginalised contexts through the planning and design of public spaces. At present however, a coherent body of literature regarding the physical space of urban informality is lacking, meaning that landscape architects lack comprehensive understanding of the variations, which occur in this urban phenomena and therefore ineffective intervention tools. The research aims then are firstly, to develop the limited literature that exists on the relationship between people and the physical space of informality; challenging debates surrounding the development, presence, form, role, use and the associated identity, meaning and significance of open spaces. Secondly, to establish if there is a role for landscape architects to contribute to these marginalised contexts and, if so, whether and how they might contribute to the planning, design and management of open spaces. Central to the approach was ethnographic fieldwork in three informal settlements and two upgraded communities in Bangkok, Thailand. The settlements and identified public spaces were analysed using social science methods and those traditional to landscape architecture. The findings suggest that for successful intervention a landscape architects notion of what constitutes a ‘public’ ‘space’, along with notions and expectations of permanence and use may first have to be reconceived and understanding of the processes instigating place identity developed. Having questioned the relevance of applying dominant paradigms of landscape architectural theory and practice that have evolved the global north to the global south slum context, this thesis additionally proposes that the discipline may also require new ways of investigating, analysing and applying that knowledge.
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Paplauskaitė, Gytė. "Grožinės literatūros iliustracijų įtaka paaugliui." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2009. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2009~D_20090629_154838-90686.
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Dėl šiais laikais besivystančių technikos galimybių ir išaugusio asmenybę veikiančio informaliojo ugdymo poreikio, buvo tirta grožinės literatūros iliustracijų įtaka paaugliui. Yra daug literatūros apie vaikų meninius gebėjimus ir knygos dizainą, bet paauglio požiūris į knygos iliustraciją beveik nenagrinėtas. Todėl darbo tikslas buvo ištirti grožinės literatūros iliustracijų poveikį paaugliui, o keliami uždaviniai - išanalizuoti su tiriama problema susijusią literatūrą; išnagrinėti ugdomąsias teksto iliustracijos įtakas paaugliui; atlikti kokybinį ir kiekybinį tyrimą, išanalizuoti gautus duomenis ir pateikti išvadas.
Buvo surinktos ir apibendrintos filosofų, psichologų, menininkų ir pedagogų mintys tiriamu klausimu, atlikta grožinės literatūros paaugliui iliustracijų analizė. Po to palyginti to paties pavadinimo kelių leidimų knygų paaugliams, iliustruotų skirtingų dailininkų, poveikiai skaitytojui. Padaryta išvada, kad teksto iliustracija turi įvairius poveikius: estetinį, pažintinį, meno terapinį ir kt.; ir kad knygų iliustracijos gali sustiprinti arba sušvelninti, papildyti teksto poveikį.
Iš atliktos anketinės apklausos ir interviu analizės gauta išvada, kad paaugliams priimtinos skirtingos iliustracijos, priklausomai nuo interesų, lyčių skirtumo, gabumų, pasaulio suvokimo ypatumų; be to, paaugliams patinka, kai iliustracija skatina pažinimą, mąstymą, lavina fantaziją, formuoja nuotaiką. Paaiškėjo, kad paauglystės vizualinės raiškos krizė pastebima vertinant ne tik... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]Because of today’s development of technical possibilities and increased demand for personality influencing informal education, influence of fiction illustrations to youth was analyzed. There is a lot literature about artistic abilities of children and book design; however youth attitude toward book illustration is almost unstudied. Therefore objective of work was to investigate influence of fiction illustration for youth, and tasks – analyze literature related to research problem; investigate influence of educational text illustrations for youth; perform qualitative and quantitative research, analyze data received and provide conclusions. Thoughts of philosophers, psychologists, artists and pedagogues regarding research question were collected and summarized. Analysis of fiction illustrations for youth was performed. Then, the influences of illustrations made by different artists in the different editions of the same book to reader were compared. Conclusion is that text illustrations have various influences: aesthetical, cognitive, therapeutic and other; and that illustrations of books can strengthen or mitigate, or constitute to text influence. It was made conclusion from questioning and interviews that different illustrations are acceptable to youth depending on interests, gender, capability, work perception characteristics; moreover, youth like when illustrations stimulate cognition, thought, imagination, forms mood. It emerged that youth visual expression crisis... [to full text]
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Dourado, Laura Marisa Martins Correia. "Arquitetura paisagista como método de sensibilização para a conservação das espécies e dos seus habitats." Master's thesis, ISA, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/21260.
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Mestrado em Arquitetura Paisagista / Instituto Superior de Agronomia. Universidade de LisboaO crescimento demográfico explosivo, a sobrexploração dos recursos naturais e a poluição são apontados como os principais fatores de destruição do planeta, cujas consequências se têm manifestado através de fenómenos naturais extremos e pela extinção em massa de espécies vegetais e animais. Os especialistas defendem que cada individuo pode fazer a diferença através de ações diárias, diminuindo desta forma o impacto negativo e promovendo a sustentabilidade. O presente trabalho pretende contribuir para a determinação das técnicas de design que permitam a sensibilização dos visitantes para a conservação da vida selvagem e dos seus habitats. Este processo de sensibilização e educação é defendido por muitos autores como a grande missão destes espaços. Após a análise de diferentes obras compreendemos que o sucesso de um zoo está intimamente relacionado com a experiência do visitante e que apenas experiências estimulantes vão conduzir à aprendizagem. Vamos ao longo do trabalho verificar as condições necessárias para a ocorrência de aprendizagem tendo como referência aos trabalhos das arquitetas paisagistas Monika Ebenhöh e Bárbara Brem. Após compreendermos as necessidades do visitante, debruçamo-nos sobre o design de zoos, definindo um conjunto de técnicas que procuram trabalhar a perceção dos visitantes contribuindo para os aproximar da natureza e para os levar a agir. Através da pesquisa efetuada compreendemos a necessidade de existir um documento que resume todas as análises realizadas e que propõe alterações a longo prazo para as instituições – o plano diretor. Este documento pretende uniformizar as intervenções de forma a que mesmo que se altere a equipa do zoo, os objetivos pensados não se percam. Assumindo a importância deste documento realizámos, no final, um pequeno plano diretor do Jardim Zoológico em Lisboa. Tendo em conta a estreita relação entre as necessidades do visitante e o sucesso da missão das instituições, concluímos que estamos a assistir a um reposicionamento da estratégia dos zoos voltando a haver uma preocupação com o visitante e a sua experiência. No entanto, ao contrário do que aconteceu no passado, prevalece o bem-estar dos animais e o respeito pela natureza
N/A
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Hendry, Daniel, Lawrence Silcox, and Nobuko Yokoyama. "Communicating Sustainability through Design within Retail Environments." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Avdelningen för maskinteknik, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-2178.
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This thesis uses a systematic understanding of sustainability informed by human needs, learning and design theory to explore ways in which small retail environments can effectively communicate sustainability concepts. The envisioned outcome of successfully communicating and implementing sustainability within retail environments is a lasting change in people’s daily behaviors. The methods of literature review, surveys, human needs investigation and professional validation are used to develop a behavioral change model centered on human needs and learning as well as six communication guidelines. The appendix of this thesis contains a user-friendly pocket guidebook titled The Six Guidelines for Sustainable Retail. The guidebook is designed as a quick-reference tool for retailers, designers and employees. It contains principles, visuals and concepts of sustainability for daily communication and comprehension purposes.
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Beatman, Thomas Robert. "Integrating Game-Design Knowledge and Education Theory to Communicate Biology Content." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1561035477730081.
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Oluwole, Oluwakemi Olufunmilayo. "Co-design of youth wellbeing indicators for ICT intervention in an underserved community in South Africa." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/3097.
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Thesis (MTech (Information Technology))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2019The challenges faced by members of underserved communities in South Africa have frequently been reported in literature. To ameliorate these challenges, different interventions have been introduced both locally and internationally to improve the wellbeing of the members of these communities. One such intervention is the introduction of information and communication technology ICT as a means to close the digital divide and meeting the socio-economic needs of the community. Youth living in these communities are expected to derive more benefit from ICT interventions as they have been reported to be more technology savvy and dependent on technology than the older adults are. However, the failures of ICT interventions deployed by donors have also been reported in literature. Authors have identified several reasons for the failure of ICT interventions, but a lack of consultation with the beneficiaries of this type of intervention is common to many findings. The exclusion of the youth as major beneficiaries of ICT interventions causes a lack of alignment between the interventions deployed for their use and the actual wellbeing needs of the youth in underserved communities. The failure of ICT interventions increases the digital divide and frustrates the good intentions of local and national government as well as international donors to improve the wellbeing of the youth in underserved communities. By using the concept of wellbeing, the study aimed to explore how youth wellbeing indicators can be used to facilitate effective ICT interventions for youth empowerment and development in underserved communities in South Africa. Furthermore, the study aimed todesign an ICT-based artefact to prioritise youth wellbeing indicators in underserved communities in South Africa. The study was implemented through a qualitative research method using a service design strategy that allowed for a participatory research approach and co-design instrument for data collection from the youth living in Grabouw anunderserved community in the Western Cape Province of South Africa. Data was collected from 40 youth aged between 15 and 30 at two workshops. Content analysis technique was used to analyse data. Findings from the research show that given the opportunity, the youth are able to determine their social-economic needs. A comprehensive set of wellbeing indicators was developed. Thirteen wellbeing indicators symbolising the issues in the community were prioritised, which are:unemployment, self-image, reaching full potential, family support,access to water, sanitation and electricity,meaning and purpose of life,being healthy,religious practice,educational level,future expectations,freedom of expression,skills to get a job, and access to skills and training. Overall, nine categories of wellbeing indicators were identified; of these, seven are similar to theGlobal Youth Wellbeing Index(GYWI) categories. Three new categories – aspiration, social support, and infrastructure and services – were realised. The three factors are an indication that the Grabouw youth may have special needs different from the global perspective as specified by the GYWI categories. Moreover, the priorities of the wellbeing indicators when compared to the GYWI rating for South Africa differ significantly, which may indicate that the needs of the youth living in underserved communities may vary largelyfrom other youth in the country. Furthermore, an artefact that can be used to prioritise wellbeing indicators was designed. It is important for stakeholders of ICT interventions to embrace participation of the beneficiaries as a means of aligning interventions to their needs. These stakeholders need to seek ways of developing artefacts that address the needs, not limited to health, so that the youth can take advantage of technology to improve their wellbeing on a continuous basis.
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Tullio, Joseph. "Exploring the Design and Use of Forecasting Groupware Applications with an Augmented Shared Calendar." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/6941.
Full textAbstract:
Changes in work, along with improvements in techniques to statistically model uncertainty, have resulted in a class of groupware tools able to forecast the activities and/or attentional state of their users. This thesis represents an exploration into the design, development, and use of one such system.
I describe the design and development of a groupware calendar system called Augur that is augmented with the ability to predict the attendance of its users. Using Bayesian networks, Augur models the uncertain problem of event attendance, drawing inferences based on the attributes of calendar events as well as a history of attendance provided by each user. This system was deployed to an academic workgroup and studied over the course of a semester. To more deeply explore the social implications of Augur and systems like it, I conducted a structured privacy analysis of Augur to examine the vulnerabilities inherent in this type of forecasting groupware system.
I present an architecture, user interface, and probabilistic model for Augur. This work also addresses the feasibility of such a system and the challenges faced when deploying it to an academic workgroup. I also report on an exploration of the systems use by individuals, its effects on communication within working relationships, and its effectiveness with respect to the presence of domestic calendars. Finally, I present a set of implications for the workplace social environment with the introduction of Augur. Specifically, I show how the integrity of predictions generated by Augur can have consequences for the privacy of users and their representations through the shared calendar.
Overall, this thesis is presented as an early exploration into the potential for a new class of forecasting groupware applications. It offers guidance and lessons learned for both designers and researchers seeking to work in this area. It also presents a complete calendar application as an example for building and studying such systems.
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Griess, Julie Omodio. "A Canine Audience: The Effect of Animal-Assisted Therapy on Reading Progress Among Students Identified with Learning Disabilities." Scholar Commons, 2010. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/1649.
Full textAbstract:
This study explored the use of animal-assisted therapy with students identified with a learning disability and limited reading success. Initially, reading progress was defined as the participants' comprehension rate obtained from an oral Informal Reading Inventory (IRI) passage. The nature of the Informal Reading Inventory requires the introduction of more difficult reading passages as the student's comprehension rate increases, potentially masking the overall effect of the intervention. Due to this factor and erratic student performance, which is a common characteristic of students with learning disabilities, obtaining consistent comprehension rates was difficult. Therefore, progress was defined only as total amount of time the student was engaged in reading under each condition.
A reversal replication, single case design was implemented to determine the effects of reading to the therapy dog on the students' reading progress as measured by total amount of time read. The analysis indicated a statistically significant increase in the total amount of reading time as determined by the participants in the presence of the therapy dog. Positive student feedback about their experience reading with the therapy dog supported the effect of the intervention on reading progress.
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Rah-Khem, Shabazz A. "DEALING WITH THE COMPLEXITY OF ORGANIZATIONAL CHANGE: THE MIDDLE MANAGERS’ ROLE IN CONTRIBUTING TO PLANNED AND EMERGENT CHANGE." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1504813145895963.
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Wright, Natalie. "The goDesign immersion program: Fostering design-led educational innovation in regional Australian schools." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2018. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/123067/1/Natalie_Wright_Thesis.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis proposes a new research area and framework for Design-led Educational Innovation which, based on approaches applied from the business, design and education sectors, outlines how design thinking capabilities might be developed for twenty-first century skill development and life-long learning. The framework is validated and refined through the findings of a mapping study and an informal, context-adaptive, regional secondary school design immersion program called goDesign, conducted in Queensland, Australia.