Journal articles: 'Informal Awareness'

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Rahmatullah, Rahmatullah, Inanna Inanna, and Andi Tenri Ampa. "How Informal Education Fosters Economic Awareness in Children." Dinamika Pendidikan 15, no. 2 (December 31, 2020): 202–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/dp.v15i2.25285.

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The research aimed to find out how the education pattern in the family forms children's economic awareness. Qualitative descriptive was used as an approach in this study to reveal how the role of farmer families in the Maritengngae sub-district, Sidrap Regency in fostering economic awareness in their children. The number of informants in this study was 10 people. The data collection used observation, documentation, and interviews. The results showed that economic education was part of education that took place in the family environment to foster economic awareness in children from an early age through habituation, exemplary and transfer of knowledge. The characteristics of economic education in the family can be seen in various aspects, namely giving verbal advice, participating in shopping, and habituation in saving, limiting pocket money, and priority scale in fulfilling needs. The role of housewives is very important in fostering habits and role models in children from an early age with the hope that in the future they will become responsible economic actors.

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Gilbertson, Margie, and Ronald K. Bramlett. "Phonological Awareness Screening to Identify At-Risk Readers." Language, Speech, and Hearing Services in Schools 29, no. 2 (April 1998): 109–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/0161-1461.2902.109.

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The purpose of this study was to investigate informal phonological awareness measures as predictors of first-grade broad reading ability. Subjects were 91 former Head Start students who were administered standardized assessments of cognitive ability and receptive vocabulary, and informal phonological awareness measures during kindergarten and early first grade. Regression analyses indicated that three phonological awareness tasks, Invented Spelling, Categorization, and Blending, were the most predictive of standardized reading measures obtained at the end of first grade. Discriminant analyses indicated that these three phonological awareness tasks correctly identified at-risk students with 92% accuracy. Clinical use of a cutoff score for these measures is suggested, along with general intervention guidelines for practicing clinicians.

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Tang, Charlotte, Yunan Chen, Karen Cheng, Victor Ngo, and John E. Mattison. "Awareness and handoffs in home care: coordination among informal caregivers." Behaviour & Information Technology 37, no. 1 (November 27, 2017): 66–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0144929x.2017.1405073.

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Roth, Emilie M., Jordan Multer, and Thomas Raslear. "Shared Situation Awareness as a Contributor to High Reliability Performance in Railroad Operations." Organization Studies 27, no. 7 (July 2006): 967–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0170840606065705.

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Cooperative strategies of individuals within a distributed organization can contribute to increased efficiency of operations and safety. We examine these processes in the context of a particular work domain: railroad operations. Analyses revealed a variety of informal cooperative strategies that railroad workers have developed that span across multiple railroad crafts including roadway workers, train crews, and railroad dispatchers. These informal, proactive communications foster shared situation awareness across the distributed organization, facilitate work, and contribute to the overall efficiency, safety, and resilience to error of railroad operations. We discuss design implications for leveraging new digital technologies and location-finding systems to more effectively support these informal strategies, enhance shared situation awareness, and promote high reliability performance.

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Das, Tiken. "Is awareness of credit sources prerequisite for their use? A study of rural Assam." Indian Growth and Development Review 12, no. 1 (April 8, 2018): 131–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/igdr-01-2018-0010.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyze the determinants of awareness and use of credit sources. The paper attempts to answer the critical question: is awareness of credit sources prerequisite for their use? Design/methodology/approach This study is conducted in Assam, India, and uses a two-stage econometric model to reduce possible selection bias. Findings This study argues that awareness of credit sources may be a necessary but not sufficient prerequisite for use. It is found that, in general, formal, semiformal and informal sources attract different classes of the population with respect to economic and social indicators. Research limitations/implications The study recommends expanding the scope of semiformal and informal credit sources in rural areas of Assam only for income generating activities with proper market linkages. The possible limitation of the study can be due to exclusion of the role of traditional community-based organizations in rural Assam while analyzing the awareness and use of credit sources. Originality/value The study contributes to the literature by assessing the probable differences among formal, semiformal and informal credit sources with respect to their determinants of awareness and use.

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Russell, Bethany R., Alejandro Morales, and Russell D. Ravert. "Using children as informal interpreters in pediatric consultations." International Journal of Human Rights in Healthcare 8, no. 3 (September 21, 2015): 132–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijhrh-07-2013-0009.

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Purpose – Health care professionals (HCPs) face numerous barriers in providing services to limited English proficient (LEP) patients and their families. The purpose of this paper is to explore and expand on the limited scholarship concerning HCPs’ experiences using children as informal interpreters in pediatric consultations. Design/methodology/approach – Ten HCPs from five different fields participated in this study. They were interviewed over the phone and replied to follow-up correspondence about their knowledge on policies for communicating with LEP patients and/or their families when providing medical care. Findings – Using a thematic analysis five themes emerged across all cases: cultural awareness, communication quality, live interpreters as a solution, use of child language brokers (CLBs), and the norm of child language brokering. Through the development of the aforementioned themes, HCPs’ limited awareness of implications when using CLBs and of the established policies related to this phenomenon were apparent. Originality/value – This lack of knowledge, acknowledged by HCPs, provides a platform from which to create awareness of the need for further education about the potential risks CLBs face when interpreting medical information and of the negative impact this process can have on the overall medical outcome of a patient. Furthermore, it allows the authors to address the ignorance within the health care system that has allowed vulnerabilities to LEP individuals being treated in health care facilities.

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Dori, Yehudit J., and Revital T. Tal. "Formal and informal collaborative projects: Engaging in industry with environmental awareness." Science Education 84, no. 1 (January 2000): 95–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1098-237x(200001)84:1<95::aid-sce7>3.0.co;2-w.

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Jha, Sunanda, and Dinabandhu Bag. "Why do informal service enterprises remain informal? A RIDIT approach." Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development 26, no. 3 (June 4, 2019): 381–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jsbed-01-2018-0009.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to identify reasons as to why firms operate informally, and to explore the rationalisation of not moving towards formalisation. Design/methodology/approach Building on empirical data collected through interviews with the entrepreneurs of the informal service enterprises of Delhi and peripheral areas, this paper presents the results of the survey conducted in 2017. By using the analytical tool developed by I. Bross, the authors have identified the most significant contributing factors to informality. Findings In the research, the authors establish that competition and lack of awareness are the most dominant reasons due to which informal firms are hesitant in moving towards formalisation. For successful transition towards formalisation, a “new pact” between the workers, enterprises and governments needs to be developed, based on capacity building, productivity gains, enabling business environment, empowerment and entitlements to social and economic rights. Research limitations/implications The research is limited only to informal service enterprises located in Delhi, the national capital of India, and the peripheral areas. Practical implications By identifying the most dominant factors, focussed steps can be taken to reduce the size of the informal sector. Originality/value The informal service enterprises are not a widely explored community by researchers and policy makers. This sector can employ more people with less investment, and hence requires intensive study. The use of RIDIT approach to rank the identified factors due to which the firms do not move towards formalisation is the novelty of this work.

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Cobb, Jeanne Beck. "Assessing Reading Metacognitive Strategy Awareness of Young Children: The Reading Metacognitive Strategy Picture Protocol." Language and Literacy 18, no. 1 (April 3, 2016): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.20360/g2pc74.

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The Reading Metacognitive Strategy Picture Protocol (RMSPP) is an informal, authentic, naturalistic diagnostic tool for classroom teachers and clinicians to use with children as young as kindergarten to assess students’ knowledge and awareness of metacognitive strategies. This article describes the RMSPP and how it was implemented in one informal project with 139 kindergarten – third graders, illustrating the usefulness of this picture protocol response technique with young children.

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Smirnova, Janna. "Acquisition of Environmental Awareness: The Interplay with Institutional Development." International Journal of Economics and Finance 10, no. 3 (February 20, 2018): 168. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijef.v10n3p168.

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Acquisition of environmental awareness is undoubtedly a necessary step towards environmental progress. However, due to the complex and interdisciplinary character of the argument, only a little literature has emerged regarding this issue. The paper contributes to fill in this lacuna and investigates the main factors responsible for the acquisition of environmental awareness from the institutional perspective. The acquisition of environmental awareness is seen as an interactive process involving institutional transformation and cognitive responses. The analysis shows that enforcement of formal rules and purposeful construction of informal rules contribute to create a favourable framework for such an acquisition. In enhancing environmental concern, a policy maker should allocate additional resources to formal rules enforcement, while informal rules should be accounted for by considering cultural backgrounds and human capital. Formation of environmental awareness through the spread of environmental education is argued to be a functional tool. The analysis leaves much space for further multidisciplinary research on environmental awareness and could serve as a starting point for the development of an empirical analysis of its determinants.

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Satrio Herlambang, Aldi. "Implementasi Komunikasi Pemasaran Lembaga Pendidikan Informal “Seaman’s English Education Indonesia ”." CoverAge: Journal of Strategic Communication 9, no. 1 (September 3, 2018): 53–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.35814/coverage.v9i1.1120.

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Seaman’s English Education Indonesia (SEE Indonesia) is an informal educational institution located in North Jakarta that offers a variety of courses for seafarers, mainly the Marlins Test course, and an English language test for seafarers. Because it’s new, it is fitting that the level of brand awareness by consumers is still very low. Based on data from customer visits in SEE Indonesia per year since its inception, only 768 people have visited SEE Indonesia, whether they only came or used the services of courses. This number is still very small compared to the total number of Indonesian seafarers, which are around 850,000. Therefore a marketing communication program is needed so that SEE Indonesia can increase brand awareness and win the market from its competitors. In order to increase the brand awareness of SEE Indonesia, then in this work the writer will use the Participatory Action Research method, where this method will involve people involved in existing problems to actively participate so that they are expected to get a solution right. The results of the Participatory Action Research will then become information material for the SOSTAC theory that will be used to create the SEE Indonesia marketing communication program.

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Sheridan, Louise, and Matthew Mungai. "Teacher-Student Reflections: A Critical Conversation about Values and Cultural Awareness in Community Development Work, and Implications for Teaching and Practice." Education Sciences 11, no. 9 (September 9, 2021): 526. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/educsci11090526.

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This reflective, autoethnographic piece provides some insights into our involvement with a program that promotes a value-driven approach to community development work. As a ‘conversation’ between a lecturer and a graduate, or Educator of Informal Educators and Informal Educator, we discuss the process of teaching and learning about values within day-to-day community development practice. We emphasise that a value-driven approach enables informal educators to celebrate cultural diversity, which can be complex in community settings. As the educator of informal educators (Louise), I reflect on the need to explore and demonstrate what value-driven practice looks like in day-to-day practice within community work and not simply state that values are important. This was prompted by self-reflection and the realisation that my teaching failed to illuminate how to bring values to life in all aspects of community work to achieve anti-discriminatory, inclusive and empowering practice. As an informal educator (Matthew), I consider how community development theories and values translate into meaningful practice that celebrates cultural diversity. Reflections are influenced by theories from Paulo Freire, with a focus on his notion that ‘educators should respect the autonomy of the students and respect cultural identities’. An example of Freirean dialogue, the article discusses our critical consciousness through praxis as educator and informal educator. Acknowledging that we are never fully complete—we are always ‘becoming’—we hope the article will be of interest to both Educators of Informal Educators and Informal Educators alike.

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Trinkaus, John. "Some Students' Perceptions about Aids: An Informal Look." Perceptual and Motor Skills 75, no. 3_suppl (December 1992): 1344–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1992.75.3f.1344.

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The results of a convenience sampling of 558 undergraduate business students suggests that, while there is widespread knowledge of the existence of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) and the fact that one having the disease need not necessarily feel sick and look bad, there appears to be comparatively little awareness of the availability of drug therapies and the relative safety of the practice of donating blood.

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Jailani, Abdul Kadir. "ENJOYING CULTURAL HERITAGE EXPERIENCES AS INFORMAL LEARNING THROUGH USER'S NATIONALITY CONTEXT-AWARENESS." International Journal of E-Learning and Educational Technologies in the Digital Media 2, no. 3 (2016): 120–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.17781/p002211.

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Phamduy, Paul, Catherine Milne, Mary Leou, and Maurizio Porfiri. "Interactive Robotic Fish: A Tool for Informal Science Learning and Environmental Awareness." IEEE Robotics & Automation Magazine 22, no. 4 (December 2015): 90–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mra.2015.2443991.

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Allen, Katherine R. "PROMOTING FAMILY AWARENESS AND INTER‐GENERATIONAL EXCHANGE: AN INFORMAL LIFE‐HISTORY PROGRAM." Educational Gerontology 13, no. 1 (January 1987): 43–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0380127870130104.

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Ajayi, Mofoluwake P., Emmanuel O. Amoo, Tomike I. Olawande, Tunde C. Iruonagbe, and Olujide A. Adekeye. "Awareness of Breast and Cervical Cancer among Women in the Informal Sector in Nigeria." Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences 7, no. 14 (July 13, 2019): 2371–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2019.259.

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BACKGROUND: There are no general consensuses on why the lifetime risk of dying from breast and cervical cancer in African is several times higher than that of developed countries. However, a notable window of opportunity for prevention and treatment are often wasted where there are little or no awareness and low level of screening. AIM: To specifically highlight the awareness, knowledge and determinants of participation in the screening exercise for possible prevention or control of the diseases. To also provide insights on the development of contextual and relevant timely detection for effective early interventions. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted in southern and northern geopolitical zones of Nigeria. The respondents, which consisted of 1,023 women aged 15-49 years, completed a 116-item questionnaire assessing the correlation between cancer awareness and participation in screening. Nineteen, In-depth interviews were also conducted for this study. The outcome measured included awareness of breast and cervical cancer, how it can be prevented or detected, and the availability and actual participation in screening exercises. RESULTS: While women are familiar with breast cancer, little is known about cervical cancer, and the awareness of the former is not correlated with participation in screening. The lack of enthusiasm to seek screening exercise is rooted in three key factors: lack of specific information, belief, economic and inadequate screening facilities. CONCLUSION: The study thus recommends that policies and programs aimed at the breast and cervical cancers awareness and early intervention should address the underlying problems.

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Roth, Emilie M., and Jordan Multer. "Fostering Shared Situation Awareness and on-Track Safety Across Distributed Teams in Railroad Operations." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 49, no. 3 (September 2005): 529–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193120504900367.

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Cooperative strategies of individuals within a distributed organizational structure can contribute to increased efficiency of operations and safety. We describe selected results of a cognitive task analysis that examined the cognitive and collaborative demands and activities of railroad roadway workers. The findings highlight the informal cooperative strategies that railroad workers have developed across distributed teams consisting of roadway workers, train crews, and railroad dispatchers that foster shared situation awareness and enhance on-track safety. We discuss design implications for leveraging new digital technologies and location finding systems to more effectively support these informal strategies to improve efficiency and enhance on-track safety are discussed.

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Chamnankit, Tossapon, Parichat Ong-artborirak, and Jukkrit Wangrath. "Association Between Awareness of Informal Caregivers and Falls in Elderly Patients with Uncontrolled Diabetes Mellitus." Open Public Health Journal 13, no. 1 (November 25, 2020): 658–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874944502013010658.

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Background: Elderly people with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus (DM) are at risk of falls, which can lead to injury and disability. Not much is known of informal caregivers’ awareness of falls in elderly patients with DM. Objective: This study aims to identify an association between caregiver’s awareness and falls in elderly patients with DM. Methods: A total of 136 pairs of DM patients and their respective family caregivers were recruited from a clinical service center at Chiang Mai University, Thailand. The questionnaire regarding the caregiver’s awareness of the risk of falls in elderly patients was given via a face-to-face interview. Each elderly patient was asked about their history of falls in the prior year, and the risk of falls was assessed by Time Up & Go (TUG) test. Logistic regression analysis was performed to determine association. Results: The mean age of the DM patients was 65.7 years. Sixty-two patients (45.6%) had fallen at least once in the prior year. The mean TUG test result was 12.67±1.83 second. Most caregivers demonstrated a high level of awareness regarding the risk of falls in elderly patients. The results of the multivariable analysis showed that three variables – balance problems, risk of falls assessed by TUG test, and scores of caregiver’s awareness of risk of falls – were significantly related to falls in the previous year among elderly patients with DM (p-value<0.05). Conclusion: The caregivers’ awareness of fall risk may influence fall occurrence among older adults with DM. An intervention program to improve awareness among informal caregivers should be considered for fall prevention in elderly people.

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Nwakasi, Candidus C., Kate de Medeiros, and Foluke S. Bosun-Arije. "“We Are Doing These Things So That People Will Not Laugh at Us”: Caregivers’ Attitudes About Dementia and Caregiving in Nigeria." Qualitative Health Research 31, no. 8 (April 9, 2021): 1448–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/10497323211004105.

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Some Nigerians, in their effort to make sense of dementia symptoms, use descriptions that may stigmatize people with dementia and their families. This qualitative descriptive study focused on the everyday understanding of dementia and the impact of stigma on the caregiving experiences of informal female Nigerian dementia caregivers. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with a purposive sample of 12 adult informal female caregivers in Nigeria and analyzed for themes. Afterward, results were presented to focus groups of 21 adult Nigerians residing in the United States for more contextual insight on the findings. The three major themes were misconceptions about dementia symptoms, caregiving protects against stigmatization, and stigma affects caregiving support. Overall, we argue that knowledge deficit, poor awareness, and traditional spiritual beliefs combine to drive dementia-related stigmatization in Nigeria. Strategies such as culturally appropriate dementia awareness campaigns and formal long-term care policies are urgently needed to help strengthen informal dementia caregiving in Nigeria.

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Rigolizzo, Michele, and Zhu Zhu. "Motivating reflection habits and raising employee awareness of learning." Evidence-based HRM: a Global Forum for Empirical Scholarship 8, no. 2 (March 31, 2020): 161–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ebhrm-11-2019-0102.

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PurposeWhile research has shown reflection is a valuable part of individual learning, developing reflection habits has remained notoriously difficult, particularly for working adults. We explore whether an intervention of being able to review previous reflections will affect employee engagement in future reflection activities and raise their awareness of learning opportunities at work.Design/methodology/approachWe conducted a large-scale field experiment, including 136 employees from an international bank in Europe, in which participants were asked to reflect twice a week for eight weeks. Participants were randomly assigned to either a group that was given access to their previous reflections, or a group that was not.FindingsWe found that individuals who were able to see their previous reflections wrote significantly more subsequent reflections than the other group. In addition, those who could see their previous reflections used more words related to learning and cognition.Practical implicationsOften employees may feel they are only learning when they attend formal trainings. However, this paper provides concrete guidance for how human resources management (HRM) managers can boost employees’ informal learning and awareness of the learning opportunities inherent in challenging work.Originality/valueThis study furthers research on using HRM interventions to facilitate informal learning activities, in particular, methods to motivate systematic reflections and raising awareness of learning opportunities. Our findings suggest that developing habits of reflection and improving awareness of learning opportunities encompasses more than simply writing reflections, but should include processing previous writings.

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Ghimire, Shurendra. "Role of Informal Education, and Human-Agent on Insurance Industry." Nepalese Journal of Insurance and Social Security 3, no. 3 (December 1, 2020): 50–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njiss.v3i3.36462.

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This article discusses how the insured persons learn to be responsible for managing the risk via insurance and the role of agents in this process. So that, a dozen of purposively selected persons were interviewed with unstructured and open-ended questions. Interpretation of so generated qualitative information suggests that people rarely appreciate insurance, and agents are as dominant as the product in buying decisions. Employing informal education to make citizens responsible for their risk management is almost ineffective. The role of agents in enabling customers as prudent risk managers by raising their awareness about different insurance products is observed as a conflict of interests between the state and the agent. In a liberal society, persuading people by a profit-making company is dominant than the state-delivered awareness program. These findings not only question the role of the insurance agent, a human resource for facilitating people to learn about insurance, as commission-based workers instead of professional but also problematize the legitimacy of transferring the state's responsibility of educating citizens to the private companies.

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Ogungbade, Oluyinka Isaiah, Adekunle Enitan, and Adeleke Clement Adekoya. "Tax Awareness, Taxpayers’ Perceptions and Attitudes and Tax Evasion in Informal Sector of Ekiti State, Nigeria." International Journal of Financial Research 12, no. 5 (June 22, 2021): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/ijfr.v12n5p24.

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Nigeria has been desperately seeking tax revenues since 2016 due to a persistent fall in oil price and production. However, many Nigerians are not tax compliant since there was little or no emphasis on tax revenue, particularly in the informal sector during the oil boom. This paper examined the effect of Tax awareness and Taxpayers' perception of government spending on Tax evasion in the informal sector of Ekiti state. Also, the moderating effect of Taxpayers' attitude was examined. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data from 150 respondents, but only 108 returned the completed questionnaire, and only 100 respondents’ data were useful. The findings show that Taxpayers' awareness considerably reduced tax evasion, but the effect of Taxpayers' perception lacks analytical support. The findings also reveal that taxpayers' attitude has a significant moderating effect on the relationship between taxpayers' awareness and tax evasion. However, the moderating effect of Taxpayers' attitude on the relationship between Taxpayers' perception about government spending and Tax evasion was not statistically significant.

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Weiner, Sue. "Effects of Phonemic Awareness Training on Low- and Middle-Achieving First Graders' Phonemic Awareness and Reading Ability." Journal of Reading Behavior 26, no. 3 (September 1994): 277–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10862969409547852.

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This study investigated the effect of phonemic awareness training on the phonemic awareness and reading ability of low- and middle-achieving first-grade readers ( N=19). Random assignment was made to one control group and three experimental: phonemic skill training only (“skill and drill”), phonemic skill training plus decoding (“semi-conceptual”), and phonemic skill training plus decoding and reading (“conceptual”). Outcome measures included tests of segmentation, deletion, deletion and substitution, and both standardized and informal tests of reading. Results indicated no significant differences among the experimental and control groups on measures of phonemic awareness (segmentation excepted) or reading. Findings also revealed that training that provided subjects with a conceptual connection between phonemic skills and reading was generally ineffective for low readers. These results suggest that phonemic awareness training for low- and middle-achieving beginning readers may not be unequivocally beneficial.

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Kunto Wibowo Agung Prodjonoto and Tahan S.L. Toruan. "Building the spirit of defending the state in the middle of national development." Technium Social Sciences Journal 13 (October 16, 2020): 442–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.47577/tssj.v13i1.1800.

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When in the middle of development there are frequent demonstrations accompanied by the destruction of facilities and infrastructure with issues of welfare, this shows the gap between reality and expectations. Security in the midst of efforts to improve welfare is hope, but in fact these demonstrations often occur. For this reason, a human activity system research with the Soft System Methodology method was conducted, (Checkland and Peter Poulter, 2006) in a province in Indonesia with the aim of analyzing the development of awareness and spirit of state defense for national defense and security. Research with the approach of understanding state defense, the concept of the nation, theory (nationalism, awareness and welfare), obtained a detailed conclusion, that it is very important to build awareness of defending the state continuously in the spirit of nationality through early cultivation, formal, non-formal and informal education and socialization , including: (i) An understanding of state defense encourages awareness of state defense, can increase the spirit of public state defense; (ii) Optimizing understanding and awareness of state defense is important to be pursued through early cultivation, formal, non-formal and informal education and socialization, and; (iii) Community involvement in development towards prosperity is also a form of state defense.

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Ohajinwa, Chimere, Peter Van Bodegom, Martina Vijver, and Willie Peijnenburg. "Health Risks Awareness of Electronic Waste Workers in the Informal Sector in Nigeria." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 14, no. 8 (August 13, 2017): 911. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph14080911.

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Polanec, Brigita, Boris Aberšek, and Srečko Glodež. "Informal Education and Awareness of the Public in the Field of Waste Management." Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 83 (July 2013): 107–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.06.021.

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Saeroni, Saeroni, and Indiah Wahyu Andari. "KEKERASAN TERHADAP PEREMPUAN DALAM RELASI PERNIKAHAN SIRRI." Musãwa Jurnal Studi Gender dan Islam 12, no. 1 (January 29, 2013): 137. http://dx.doi.org/10.14421/musawa.2013.121.137-155.

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This paper discusses the dynamics of violence against women in informal marital relations based on the experience and institutional data of RifkaAnnisa Yogyakarta. This paper will discuss the characteristics of victims and perpetrators in informal marriages, the dynamics of violence experienced by victims and the factors behind informal marriages. This research will affirm that all women who are victims of violence in informal and polygamous marriages experience physical, sexual, economic and emotional violence. The myth that second wives or young wives are pampered compared to first wives is disproved here. Even though it may happen occasionally, they are still at risk of economic violence. The most common form of economic violence are in the forms of abandonment or forcing their wives to work. Informal marriage and polygamous marriages continue to happen due to several conducive factors, among them: the low legal awareness of victims and lack of legal sanctions for perpetrators of informal marriages, the view that religion opens the possibility for informal marriages, the social paradigm which strengthens the superiority of men over women, family support and society’s permissiveness to informal marriages and the ongoing violence against women.

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Sharma, Suniti, Kadriye El-Atwani, Jubin Rahatzad, Jason Ware, JoAnn Phillion, and Erik Malewski. "How Disorienting Experiences in Informal Learning Contexts Promote Cross-Cultural Awareness in Preservice Teachers: Findings From a Study Abroad Program." LEARNing Landscapes 5, no. 2 (May 2, 2012): 281–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.36510/learnland.v5i2.566.

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In this study we discuss how disorienting experiences in informal learning contexts promote cross-cultural awareness in preservice teachers during a study abroad program to Honduras. We used interpretive phenomenology via semi-structured interviews to examine how nine preservice teachers made sense of their experiences studying abroad. We found that immersing preservice teachers in informal learning contexts and diverse cultural settings other than their own fosters new socio-cultural insights in relation to their roles as future educators.

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Hassan, Tariq Mahmood, Tanya Tran, Mir Nadeem Mazhar, Nam Doan, Tariq Munshi, Neeraj Bajaj, Dianne Groll, and Niall Galbraith. "Attitudes of Canadian psychiatry residents if mentally ill: awareness, barriers to disclosure, and help-seeking preferences." Canadian Medical Education Journal 7, no. 2 (October 18, 2016): e14-24. http://dx.doi.org/10.36834/cmej.36637.

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Background: The medical culture is defined by mental illness stigma, non-disclosure, and avoidance of professional treatment. Little research has explored attitudes and help-seeking behaviors of psychiatry trainees if they were to become mentally ill.Method: Psychiatry residents (n = 106) from training centres across Ontario, Canada completed a postal survey on their attitudes, barriers to disclosure, and help-seeking preferences in the context of hypothetically becoming mentally ill.Results: Thirty-three percent of respondents reported personal history of mental illness and the frequency of mental illness by year of training did not significantly differ. The most popular first contact for disclosure of mental illness was family and friends (n = 61, 57.5%). Frequent barriers to disclosure included career implications (n = 39, 36.8%), stigma (n = 11, 10.4%), and professional standing (n = 15, 14.2%). Personal history of mental illness was the only factor associated with in-patient treatment choice, with those with history opting for more formal advice versus informal advice.Conclusions: At the level of residency training, psychiatrists are reporting barriers to disclosure and help-seeking if they were to experience mental illness. A majority of psychiatry residents would only disclose to informal supports. Those with a history of mental illness would prefer formal treatment services over informal services.

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Sheikh ⶁ, Fayaz Ahmad, and Saradindu Bhaduri. "Policy space for informal sector grassroots innovations: towards a ‘bottom-up’ narrative." International Development Planning Review: Volume 43, Issue 1 43, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 115–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/idpr.2019.34.

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Of late, innovation studies have taken a keen interest in exploring various components of informal sector grassroots innovations. While recognising the immense contribution of this scholarship in sensitising researchers and generating awareness, its connections to policymaking remain inadequate. In the absence of comprehensive policy discussions, the policy makers have often attempted to extrapolate the policies meant for formal sectors to suit the innovation requirements of the informal economy. The diverse, idiosyncratic nature of the informal grassroots innovation processes have not received adequate attention. Keeping in view the divergent motives, underpinnings and the nuances of informal sector grassroots innovations, this paper has undertaken a critical review of the various policy suggestions including intellectual property rights, commercialisation and standardisation on a mass scale, the role of awards and recognition for informal sector innovations, and the importance of feedback and standardisation. Based on ten years of ethnographic research in Kashmir, we identify key thematic insights into policy formulations for these innovations.

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Shiddike, Mohammad Omar, and Asif Ali Rahman. "Engaging Faculty in Professional Development: Lessons From Bangladesh." Journal of Educational and Developmental Psychology 9, no. 2 (September 23, 2019): 124. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jedp.v9n2p124.

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Engagement can be defined as participation, involvement, and commitment (Harper & Quaye, 2015). This paper explains faculty engagement in professional development. Faculty engagement in professional development can be defined as faculty participation and involvement in formal and informal learning activities. These formal and informal activities focus on professionalism that might include exercises leading to the development of knowledge, skills, abilities, values, and self-awareness. Some examples of these formal and informal learning activities are classroom teaching, curriculum and instruction development, training, consulting, faculty/student interactions, workshops/conferences, and academic publications etc. Faculty engagement in professional development incorporates the total sum of formal and informal learning or continuous learning throughout one’s career (Broad & Evans, 2006; Capps, Crawford, & Constas, 2012). Since professional development includes faculty engagement, the paper explores how university faculty professionally develop themselves through engagement.

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Chang, Ching-Fen. "Fostering EFL College Students’ Register Awareness." International Journal of Computer-Assisted Language Learning and Teaching 2, no. 3 (July 2012): 17–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijcallt.2012070102.

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This study explores 19 Taiwanese students’ writing in weekly online forum posts and traditional essays. Results drawn from discourse analysis of students’ writing in both types of writing tasks showed that the semester-long online writing accompanied by explicit instruction on essays and basic academic writing conventions appeared to help raise EFL students’ consciousness of register in the two writing contexts and help them make appropriate linguistic adjustments. Quantitative analysis using three measures of syntactic complexity revealed that the students tended to use syntactically more complex sentence structures in essays than in online forums. A number of typical informal or online linguistic features characterize the students’ online forums more frequently than in essays. Finally, although most of these EFL college students seemed able to take different approaches to online writing and essay writing at the end of the semester, some students adopted the same rigorous approach to both types of writing as a result of a strategic response to avoid losing face or being misunderstood when writing in a public domain. The results suggest that providing EFL learners a forum where they can express themselves in less formal language is beneficial.

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Mcclelland, Guy. "Non-Technical Skills for Scrub Practitioners." Journal of Perioperative Practice 22, no. 12 (December 2012): 389–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/175045891602201204.

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The non-technical skills of situational awareness and the formation of effective interpersonal relationships are essential to enhance surgical outcomes. However, most scrub practitioners demonstrate only tacit awareness of these skills and develop such qualities on an informal basis. Application of non-technical skills may be assessed formally, using a structured framework, to transform normative behaviour and to strengthen barriers against the latent threats that may result from fallible humans working in inadequate organisational systems.

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Çavuş, Ragıp, Ünsal Umdu Topsakal, and Aysun Öztuna Kaplan. "Teachers views' on awareness of environmental acquiring in informal learning environments: The sample of Kocaeli Science Houses)." Pegem Eğitim ve Öğretim Dergisi 3, no. 1 (March 1, 2013): 15–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.14527/c3n1m2.

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The aim of this study is to determine the teachers' view about getting students be aware of awareness of environmental according to the activities in Science Houses. 15 Science and Technology teachers working in Kocaeli Science House participated to the search which has been carried out in 2011 - 2012.In this research fenomological approach has been applied. Purposeful sampling is used. Semi-structure interviews and open-ended question forms which were prepared by the researchers and checked by experts were applied as data collection tools. Content analysis method is used for data analyzing.Teachers who participated in this study emphasized the importance of out of school learning environments and also Science Houses' activities for awareness of environmental. Furthermore they added that formal and informal learning activities should be together and teachers should take students to the out of school learning environments.When the literature is examined it is seen that informal and formal leaning areas are both important for awareness of environmental. In this research views of teachers working in out of school learning environments about the activities and students' awareness of environmental are investigated according the literature. As a result of this study it is found that out of school learning environments are important for awareness of environmental and these areas and their activities should be increased. It is hoped that this research will help the investigators who want to study about out of school learning environments.

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Sitorus, Muhammad Ancha, and Evalina Franciska Hutasoit. "MODAL SOSIAL DAN PENGEMBANGAN PENDIDIKAN KEPENDUDUKAN JALUR PENDIDIKAN INFORMAL." Duconomics Sci-meet (Education & Economics Science Meet) 1 (July 27, 2021): 200–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.37010/duconomics.v1.5442.

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One of the main assets in development is a quality population. In improving the quality of the population, the development must be adjusted to the needs of the environment and the dynamics of community development with regarding the various potentials, current conditions, and problems in the community. The number of children and community dropping out of school are unable to complete a formal education is a problem, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. Dropouts are closely related to population and social problems such as increasing cases of child marriage, poverty, and unemployment. The integration of population education in the informal education pathway is an alternative to build the public awareness and the independence that reaches the community, especially vulnerable groups of people. The development of the community can’t be separated from the support of social capital by involving all parties, including in informal education. Social capital builds communities to become more responsible for preparing and developing programs. Agreement strengthening and social mapping are the main key with the involvement of various parties to participate in increasing community participation in informal education. Population education is integrated with informal education which is built in a curriculum with material based on the issue of local wisdom that is arranged for building awareness and be able to survive during the COVID-19 pandemic. Through this activity, it is hoped that this activity will be able to increase participation and development constructive that strengthens the spirit of mutual cooperation in building self-reliance in community to be able to survive during the COVID-19 pandemic, especially the event of dropping out of school to return to study in formal or non-formal education as compulsory education for every member of the community

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Valle, Natercia, Pavlo Antonenko, Pamela S. Soltis, Douglas E. Soltis, Ryan A. Folk, Robert P. Guralnick, James C. Oliverio, Timothy T. Difato, Zhen Xu, and Li Cheng. "Informal multimedia biodiversity awareness event as a digital ecology for promoting culture of science." Education and Information Technologies 25, no. 4 (January 29, 2020): 3275–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10639-020-10121-7.

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Zawodniak, Joanna. "Informal talks about writing as a constructive way to develop young L2 learner print awareness." Glottodidactica. An International Journal of Applied Linguistics 37 (January 1, 2011): 95–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/gl.2011.37.8.

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The article examines the possibilities of fostering young L2 learner print awareness via teaching for conversing about and reflecting on writing. In order to achieve this goal the present author conducted the qualitative research on a group of 2nd-graders engaged in the performance of a series of open-ended L2 written tasks accompanied by L1 cues. The analysis of collected data shows that drawing children’s conscious attention to writing might encourage the constructive transferability of linguistic skills from L1 to L2, thus being conducive to the development of logical thinking necessary for the enhancement of their print awareness.

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HONG, SONG-IEE, LESLIE HASCHE, and MI JIN LEE. "Service use barriers differentiating care-givers' service use patterns." Ageing and Society 31, no. 8 (February 7, 2011): 1307–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0144686x10001418.

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ABSTRACTThis study describes what types of service use barriers older adults' informal care-givers perceive and examines how these barriers differentiate care-giver service use patterns. Analysing the 2004 National Long-Term Care Survey and Informal Care-giver Data Set (N=1908) in the United States of America, this study reports the prevalence of service barriers for each type of service as well as for overall service use. Service barriers are measured in terms of availability, awareness, affordability, staff quality, privacy violation, complex bureaucracy, language barriers, qualification of each programme and no thought of service. Andersen's health behaviour model guides determinants related to care-giver service use patterns. As a main outcome, care-giver service use patterns (light service users, selective in-home users, and multiple service users) are examined in relation to service use barriers when other predisposing, enabling and need variables are controlled. Of the ten service use barriers defined in this study, awareness and no thought of service are the most prevalent barriers. Care-givers reporting service barriers of availability, awareness and affordability are more likely to be light service users compared to multiple service users and selective in-home service users. These findings highlight the significance of enhancing awareness of care-giver supportive services as well as increasing availability and financial support for service use.

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Mamun, Abdullah Al, Roselina Ahmad Saufi, Muhammad Mohiuddin, and Syed Ali Fazal. "Recycling intentions and behaviors among informal micro-entrepreneurs in Kelantan, Malaysia." World Journal of Entrepreneurship, Management and Sustainable Development 15, no. 2 (July 5, 2019): 123–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/wjemsd-10-2017-0077.

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Purpose As recycling is associated with various environmental benefits, it is important that it is encouraged in Malaysia. Taking the disappointingly low recycling rate in Malaysia as its backdrop, the purpose of this paper is to examine recycling intentions and behaviors among micro-entrepreneurs in Kelantan, Malaysia, drawing on the theory of planned behavior. Design/methodology/approach The study adopted a cross-sectional design and stratified random sampling method to select 200 informal micro-entrepreneurs from Kota Bharu, Kelantan; then, quantitative data were collected through structured interviews. For data analysis, this study adopted variance-based structural equation modeling, i.e. PLS–SEM. Findings The findings indicated that environmental awareness had a significant positive effect on micro-entrepreneurs’ attitudes toward the environment. They also confirmed a positive and significant effect of attitude and perceived behavioral control on intention toward recycling and the effect of intention toward recycling on recycling behavior among the study sample. Practical implications Policies and programs focused on environmental awareness could nurture a positive attitude toward the environment, which, together with the capacities and resources available, could significantly influence the adoption of recycling behavior among informal entrepreneurs. Originality/value It is recommended that both public and private environmental protection and socio-economic development organizations combine their efforts to formulate and enforce policies and programs to promote recycling behavior among Malaysian entrepreneurs, which could spread the recycling spirit among all Malaysians.

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Dalu, Tatenda, Vincent Gamuchirayi Maposa, Tapiwa Dalu, and Stanford Pabwaungana. "Awareness and compliance levels of informal traders with regards to their presumptive tax obligations: a case of Harare central business district informal traders." African J. of Economic and Sustainable Development 2, no. 4 (2013): 297. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ajesd.2013.058745.

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Gilchrist, Pamela O., Alonzo B. Alexander, Adrian J. Green, Frieda E. Sanders, Ashley Q. Hooker, and David M. Reif. "Development of a Pandemic Awareness STEM Outreach Curriculum: Utilizing a Computational Thinking Taxonomy Framework." Education Sciences 11, no. 3 (March 9, 2021): 109. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/educsci11030109.

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Computational thinking is an essential skill in the modern global workforce. The current public health crisis has highlighted the need for students and educators to have a deeper understanding of epidemiology. While existing STEM curricula has addressed these topics in the past, current events present an opportunity for new curricula that can be designed to present epidemiology, the science of public health, as a modern topic for students that embeds the problem-solving and mathematics skills of computational thinking practices authentically. Using the Computational Thinking Taxonomy within the informal education setting of a STEM outreach program, a curriculum was developed to introduce middle school students to epidemiological concepts while developing their problem-solving skills, a subset of their computational thinking and mathematical thinking practices, in a contextually rich environment. The informal education setting at a Research I Institution provides avenues to connect diverse learners to visually engaging computational thinking and data science curricula to understand emerging teaching and learning approaches. This paper documents the theory and design approach used by researchers and practitioners to create a Pandemic Awareness STEM Curriculum and future implications for teaching and learning computational thinking practices through engaging with data science.

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Rodriquez, Carol J. "Informal language planning for elementary school language development." Language Teaching and Learning in Australia 9 (January 1, 1992): 6–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/aralss.9.01rod.

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Language planning is an activity that takes place in formal/national situations, but it also occurs in a variety of unintended ways and on smaller scales (e.g. Russo and Baldauf 1986). This paper documents the informal language planning which has occurred as part of the process of developing and implementing Arizona’s Elementary Foreign Language Mandate. It is a case study which demonstrates the problems and effects of informal language planning in public education systems such as Arizona’s. The study focuses on the initial specifications of the mandate and the efforts of individual school districts to comply in a timely manner. The difficulties encountered by one school district as it considers ways to implement the mandate are examined in detail. The data for this study was gathered from official documents, personal interviews, videotapes, newspaper articles, public meetings and independent research related to language policy in the state of Arizona. The study suggests that a greater awareness of language planning skills at this level could lead to the development of more effective language programs.

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Cole, Graham. "Small talk’s big role." Development and Learning in Organizations: An International Journal 30, no. 2 (March 7, 2016): 25–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/dlo-12-2015-0100.

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Findings Intense competition and change are two defining characteristics of today’s business world. It is therefore critical that organizations have the requisite skills and knowledge needed to achieve performance and growth objectives. Learning is clearly vital in this respect. Companies must remain alert to the range of opportunities for key personnel to broaden their horizons and enhance their awareness and understanding of current and future issues. Recognition of this has led to growing acknowledgement of the important contribution of informal types of learning. Indications are that informal conversations with workplace colleagues are especially powerful in this respect.

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Marklund, Björn Berg, Per Backlund, Carl-Johan Dahlin, Henrik Engström, and Ulf Wilhelmsson. "A Game-Based Approach to Support Social Presence and Awareness in Distributed Project-Based Learning." International Journal of Game-Based Learning 4, no. 1 (January 2014): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijgbl.2014010101.

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An important factor for success in project-based learning (PBL) is that the involved project groups establish an atmosphere of social interaction in their working environment. In PBL-scenarios situated in distributed environments, most of a group's work-processes are mediated through the use of production-focused tools that are unconcerned with the important informal and social aspects of a project. On the other hand, there are plenty of tools and platforms that focus on doing the opposite and mainly support informal bonding (e.g., Facebook), but these types of environments can be obtrusive and contain distractions that can be detrimental to a group's productivity and are thus often excluded from working environments. The aim of this paper is to examine how a game-based multi-user environment (MUVE) can be designed to support project-based learning by bridging the gap between productivity-focused and social software. To explore this, the authors developed a game-based MUVE which was evaluated in a PBL-scenario. The result of the study revealed several crucial design elements that are needed to make such a MUVE work effectively, and that the acceptance towards game-based MUVEs is high, even with a rudimentary execution.

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Hudgens Henderson, Mary. "Prescriptive language attitudes in a dual language elementary school." Proceedings of the Linguistic Society of America 1 (June 12, 2016): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.3765/plsa.v1i0.3699.

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Language misconceptions are still very prevalent among the public, partially due to lack of linguistic education in schools. Language misconceptions can influence language attitudes, including the language attitudes of language-minority children towards their native language. In this study, 5th graders enrolled in a dual language program participated in an 18-lesson language awareness curriculum and completed Likert-type pre/posttest surveys and pretest/posttest interviews. Students’ prescriptive language attitude results are compared to those of an English-instruction control group that did not receive language awareness lessons. Both bilingual and monolingual students believed formal, school-based language to be superior to informal language. Despite having received language awareness instruction, students in the treatment group continued to hold prescriptivist language attitudes. Implications for future language awareness curricula are discussed.

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Schreurs, Bieke, and Maarten de Laat. "The Network Awareness Tool: A web 2.0 tool to visualize informal networked learning in organizations." Computers in Human Behavior 37 (August 2014): 385–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2014.04.034.

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Hassan, Alhassan Yosri Ibrahim. "Challenges and Recommendations for the Deployment of Information and Communication Technology Solutions for Informal Caregivers: Scoping Review." JMIR Aging 3, no. 2 (July 29, 2020): e20310. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/20310.

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Background Information and communication technology (ICT)–based solutions have the potential to support informal caregivers in home care delivery. However, there are many challenges to the deployment of these solutions. Objective The aim of this study was to review literature to explore the challenges of the deployment of ICT-based support solutions for informal caregivers and provide relevant recommendations on how to overcome these challenges. Methods A scoping review methodology was used following the Arksey and O’Malley methodological framework to map the relevant literature. A search was conducted using PubMed, IEEE library, and Scopus. Publication screening and scrutiny were conducted following inclusion criteria based on inductive thematic analysis to gain insight into patterns of challenges rising from deploying ICT-based support solutions for informal caregivers. The analysis took place through an iterative process of combining, categorizing, summarizing, and comparing information across studies. Through this iterative process, relevant information was identified and coded under emergent broader themes as they pertain to each of the research questions. Results The analysis identified 18 common challenges using a coding scheme grouping them under four thematic categories: technology-related, organizational, socioeconomic, and ethical challenges. These range from specific challenges related to the technological component of the ICT-based service such as design and usability of technology, to organizational challenges such as fragmentation of support solutions to socioeconomic challenges such as funding of technology and sustainability of solutions to ethical challenges around autonomy and privacy of data. For each identified challenge, recommendations were created on how to overcome it. The recommendations from this study can provide guidance for the deployment of ICT-based support solutions for informal caregivers. Conclusions Despite a growing interest in the potential offered by ICT solutions for informal caregiving, diverse and overlapping challenges to their deployment still remain. Designers for ICTs for informal caregivers should follow participatory design and involve older informal caregivers in the design process as much as possible. A collaboration between designers and academic researchers is also needed to ensure ICT solutions are designed with the current empirical evidence in mind. Taking actions to build the digital skills of informal caregivers early in the caregiving process is crucial for optimal use of available ICT solutions. Moreover, the lack of awareness of the potential added-value and trust toward ICT-based support solutions requires strategies to raise awareness among all stakeholders—including policy makers, health care professionals, informal caregivers, and care recipients—about support opportunities offered by ICT. On the macro-level, policies to fund ICT solutions that have been shown to be effective at supporting and improving informal caregiver health outcomes via subsidies or other incentives should be considered.

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Akinwale, Akeem Ayofe. "The Informal Sector as a Catalyst for Employment Generation in Lagos State, Nigeria." African and Asian Studies 11, no. 3 (2012): 315–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15692108-12341236.

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Abstract Unemployment remains high in Nigeria due to disintegration between the formal and informal sectors, among other factors. While the unemployed largely focus on the formal sector in search of jobs, there is inadequate interest in the informal sector. Yet, this sector provides livelihoods for the majority of the population. This paper examines the informal sector as a catalyst for generating employment in Lagos State, Nigeria, using the Social Capital Theory and a descriptive survey research design. Data were collected from 480 apprentices, 40 masters, 20 journeymen, and 120 members of various communities through a structured questionnaire, Key Informant Interviews and Focus Group Discussions, respectively. The findings showed that 64.8 percent of the respondents reported parental sponsorship of vocations in the informal sector, 14.2 percent of the respondents were self-sponsored, and the remainders (18.5 percent and 2.5 percent) were reportedly sponsored by their relatives and masters. Awareness of opportunities for self employment in the informal sector was demonstrated by 71 percent of the respondents. However, 66.3 percent of the respondents thought that schooling could be better than vocations in the informal sector. Mothers’ occupation significantly associated with individuals’ choice of vocation in the informal sector (χ2= 33.71; P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the proposed plans for self employment among the respondents in furniture and tailoring workshops (χ2= 1.44; P > 0.05). Planning for self employment was significantly influenced by several factors including gender, age, mothers’ occupation, career plan, and satisfaction within the informal sector (t = 19.247, P < 0.01). The informal sector is vital for survival of youth in Lagos State, Nigeria. This sector should be supported for poverty eradication and entrepreneurial development.

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Aragon, Cecilia R., Sarah S. Poon, Gregory S. Aldering, Rollin C. Thomas, and Robert Quimby. "Using Visual Analytics to Develop Situation Awareness in Astrophysics." Information Visualization 8, no. 1 (January 2009): 30–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/ivs.2008.30.

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We present a novel collaborative visual analytics application for cognitively overloaded users in the astrophysics domain. The system was developed for scientists who need to analyze heterogeneous, complex data under time pressure, and make predictions and time-critical decisions rapidly and correctly under a constant influx of changing data. The Sunfall Data Taking system utilizes several novel visualization and analysis techniques to enable a team of geographically distributed domain specialists to effectively and remotely maneuver a custom-built instrument under challenging operational conditions. Sunfall Data Taking has been in production use for 2 years by a major international astrophysics collaboration (the largest data volume supernova search currently in operation), and has substantially improved the operational efficiency of its users. We describe the system design process by an interdisciplinary team, the system architecture and the results of an informal usability evaluation of the production system by domain experts in the context of Endsley's three levels of situation awareness.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Informal Awareness'

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