Journal articles on the topic 'Informal archives'
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PRATT, DAVE, and JANET AINLEY. "INTRODUCING THE SPECIAL ISSUE ON INFORMAL INFERENTIAL REASONING." STATISTICS EDUCATION RESEARCH JOURNAL 7, no. 2 (November 29, 2008): 3–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.52041/serj.v7i2.466.
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PRATT, DAVE, and JANET AINLEY. "INTRODUCING THE SPECIAL ISSUE ON INFORMAL INFERENTIAL REASONING." STATISTICS EDUCATION RESEARCH JOURNAL 7, no. 2 (November 29, 2008): 3–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.52041/serj.v7i2.466.
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Vakhrushev, Maxim. "The higher education institution’s Scientific Library to play the role of an open archive." Scientific and Technical Libraries, no. 4 (April 1, 2018): 14–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.33186/1027-3689-2018-4-14-22.
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The role of the higher education institutions’ libraries in building and maintaining the institution’s open archives is highlighted. The author emphasize that open archives are demanded highly by the scientific community as the data is free. The open archive structured by disciplinary or interdisciplinary principle can become the base for informal associations (collaborations, consortia, etc.) around science schools or research centers (faculties, institutions, universities, research organizations). Expanded functionalities and instruments to get scientometric indicators are analyzed in detail. These functions make the alternative source for measuring scientific performance of organizations and individual researchers systematically and adequately. The librarians responsibilities related to collecting and preparing scientometric indicators are highlighted. The open archives, institutional repositories, e-libraries can provide both traditional scientometric indicators (impact factors, Hirsch index, etc.), and alternative metrics (publication web indicators). Scientometric data collection, accumulation, interpretation and preparation are continuously expanding processes and they enhance the librarians’ roles.
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Solibakke, Karl Ivan. "The Pride and Prejudice of the Western World." Postscripts: The Journal of Sacred Texts, Cultural Histories, and Contemporary Contexts 6, no. 1-3 (June 27, 2012): 261–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1558/post.v6i1-3.261.
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The article examines controversies arising from the perception of the instruments of cultural memory and the logic of their transmissibility. On the one hand we have a carefully selected, temporally and geographically orchestrated body of texts, the Great Books, which are an enduring testament to the authority of Western intellectual artifacts. On the other hand, Jacques Derrida’s Archive Fever locates a furtive transformation of collective memory in the informal practices exemplified by oral narrative and public discourse. Not only do both models rely on archives as a functional instrument of collective identity, but they also value them as institutions circumscribing social and cultural conventions. However, when synchronizing the traces embedded in oral discourse and written documents, the repositories are frequently subject to manipulation by interpretive communities. Recognizing the processes underlying archives and artifacts is essential to comprehending how canons and canonic practices impact Western cultural memory.
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BIEHLER, ROLF, DANIEL FRISCHEMEIER, and SUSANNE PODWORNY. "EDITORIAL: REASONING ABOUT MODELS AND MODELLING IN THE CONTEXT OF INFORMAL STATISTICAL INFERENCE." STATISTICS EDUCATION RESEARCH JOURNAL 16, no. 2 (November 30, 2017): 8–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.52041/serj.v16i2.593.
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CASEY, STEPHANIE A., and NICHOLAS H. WASSERMAN. "TEACHERS’ KNOWLEDGE ABOUT INFORMAL LINE OF BEST FIT." STATISTICS EDUCATION RESEARCH JOURNAL 14, no. 1 (May 29, 2015): 8–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.52041/serj.v14i1.267.
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The purpose of this study was to investigate teachers’ subject matter knowledge relevant to the teaching of informal line of best fit. Task-based interviews were conducted with nineteen pre-service and in-service mathematics teachers. The results include descriptions and categorizations of teachers’ conceptions, criteria for placement, accuracy of placement, and interpretation of the informal line of best fit. Implications regarding teacher preparation for the teaching of this topic, including current status and recommendations for future preparation, are discussed. First published May 2015 at Statistics Education Research Journal Archives
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King, Anthony. "Of Mice and Manuscripts: A Memoir of the National Archives of Zimbabwe." History in Africa 25 (1998): 405–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3172196.
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Readers of Leslie Bessant's article in HA 24 (1997) on the National Archives of Zimbabwe (NAZ) might have been alarmed by one of the photographs opposite the opening page, which depicted an archive in a state of advanced decay. If they had expected the photograph to be a pictorial representation of the current condition of NAZ, they would have been disappointed. The photograph was taken in the Sāo Tomé e Príncipe archives and accompanied a short note detailing the recovery work undertaken in those archives to make them usable. NAZ is a flourishing national archive which is a pleasure to work in, staffed by professional and conscientious personnel, but it is also bearing the brunt of cuts in funding and government suspicion of researchers. I worked intensively at NAZ for nine months in 1994-95, and again for five months in 1996. This paper is by way of an informal engagement with Bessant's article; in it I aim to sketch out my own reminiscences of NAZ and also address some of the issues which face overseas researchers in Zimbabwe.Bessant spent a sizeable part of his article discussing tea, and the notions of privilege associated with tea at NAZ. Tea under the flagpoles became an institution for me. Not only was the tea absurdly cheap (Z$0.40/US$0.04 in 1994, rising to Z$1 a few months later), but the break was a useful refueling exercise during grueling days looking at dusty files. Rather than fading in significance as Bessant suggested, tea was extremely prominent in the day of the typical researcher. Tea was also the best way of networking with other scholars in the Archives, and almost all the useful conversations I had there revolved around the tea break—which sometimes became the lunch break if debates were intense. I made many professional contacts and personal friendships over tea at the Archives.
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MAKAR, KATIE, and ANDEE RUBIN. "A FRAMEWORK FOR THINKING ABOUT INFORMAL STATISTICAL INFERENCE." STATISTICS EDUCATION RESEARCH JOURNAL 8, no. 1 (April 5, 2022): 82–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.52041/serj.v8i1.457.
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Informal inferential reasoning has shown some promise in developing students’ deeper understanding of statistical processes. This paper presents a framework to think about three key principles of informal inference – generalizations ‘beyond the data,’ probabilistic language, and data as evidence. The authors use primary school classroom episodes and excerpts of interviews with the teachers to illustrate the framework and reiterate the importance of embedding statistical learning within the context of statistical inquiry. Implications for the teaching of more powerful statistical concepts at the primary school level are discussed. First published May 2009 at Statistics Education Research Journal: Archives
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LEAVY, AISLING M. "THE CHALLENGE OF PREPARING PRESERVICE TEACHERS TO TEACH INFORMAL INFERENTIAL REASONING." STATISTICS EDUCATION RESEARCH JOURNAL 9, no. 1 (May 30, 2010): 46–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.52041/serj.v9i1.387.
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There is growing recognition of the importance of developing young students’ informal inferential reasoning (IIR). This focus on informal inference in school statistics has implications for teacher education. This study reports on 26 preservice teachers utilizing Lesson Study to support a focus on the teaching of IIR in primary classrooms. Participants demonstrated proficiency reasoning about the elements fundamental to informal inferential reasoning but had difficulties developing pedagogical contexts to advance primary students’ informal inferential reasoning. Specifically, issues emerged relating to data type, an excessive focus on procedures, locating opportunities for IIR, and a lack of justification and evidence-based reading. Focusing on the lesson as the unit of analysis combined with classroom-based inquiry supported the development of statistical and pedagogical knowledge.
First published May 2010 at Statistics Education Research Journal: Archives
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ZIEFFLER, ANDREW, JOAN GARFIELD, ROBERT DELMAS, and CHRIS READING. "A FRAMEWORK TO SUPPORT RESEARCH ON INFORMAL INFERENTIAL REASONING5." STATISTICS EDUCATION RESEARCH JOURNAL 7, no. 2 (November 29, 2008): 40–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.52041/serj.v7i2.469.
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Informal inferential reasoning is a relatively recent concept in the research literature. Several research studies have defined this type of cognitive process in slightly different ways. In this paper, a working definition of informal inferential reasoning based on an analysis of the key aspects of statistical inference, and on research from educational psychology, science education, and mathematics education is presented. Based on the literature reviewed and the working definition, suggestions are made for the types of tasks that can be used to study the nature and development of informal inferential reasoning. Suggestions for future research are offered along with implications for teaching.
First published November 2008 at Statistics Education Research Journal: Archives
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ROSSMAN, ALLAN J. "REASONING ABOUT INFORMAL STATISTICAL INFERENCE: ONE STATISTICIAN’S VIEW." STATISTICS EDUCATION RESEARCH JOURNAL 7, no. 2 (November 29, 2008): 5–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.52041/serj.v7i2.467.
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This paper identifies key concepts and issues associated with the reasoning of informal statistical inference. I focus on key ideas of inference that I think all students should learn, including at secondary level as well as tertiary. I argue that a fundamental component of inference is to go beyond the data at hand, and I propose that statistical inference requires basing the inference on a probability model. I present several examples using randomization tests for connecting the randomness used in collecting data to the inference to be drawn. I also mention some related points from psychology and indicate some points of contention among statisticians, which I hope will clarify rather than obscure issues. First published November 2008 at Statistics Education Research Journal: Archives
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Busby, Helen. "Writing about Health and Sickness: An Analysis of Contemporary Autobiographical Writing from the British Mass-Observation Archive." Sociological Research Online 5, no. 2 (September 2000): 11–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.5153/sro.480.
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In this paper, I explore some of the writing about health and sickness undertaken by volunteers writing for a British social history archive. The Mass-Observation Archive's commissioning of diaries and other forms of self- reportage has made it a prominent part of the landscape of sociology in Britain (Calder, 1985). Initiated during the 1930s, the Mass-Observation Archive's early work included the well-known worktown project. The early project was wound up in 1950, but interest in the archives eventually prompted a new project, initiated in 1981. The ‘new project’ is essentially a collection of writing on a range of issues by a panel of volunteers recruited through the media and other informal means. This paper represents a cycling through of ideas about the relationships between health, sickness, and work, via my reading of some of the writing held at the Archive. The writings with which this paper is centrally concerned are the responses to an invitation issued in the autumn of 1998 for writing about ‘Staying well and everyday life’. In addition, writings on ‘The pace of life’ and on working life were consulted. Unlike much of the data about sickness in relation to work - which relies on documentation of sickness absence- these accounts show actions which are not taken. Some of them point to a phenomenon which I have termed ‘shadow sickness, that is illness which exists without there being a mechanism to translate that experience into recognised sickness. Overall though it is the moral context of illness and of ideas about staying well which are prominent in many of these accounts and which are discussed in this paper.
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DOLOR, JASON, and JENNIFER NOLL. "USING GUIDED REINVENTION TO DEVELOP TEACHERS’ UNDERSTANDING OF HYPOTHESIS TESTING CONCEPTS." STATISTICS EDUCATION RESEARCH JOURNAL 14, no. 1 (May 29, 2015): 60–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.52041/serj.v14i1.269.
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Statistics education reform efforts emphasize the importance of informal inference in the learning of statistics. Research suggests statistics teachers experience similar difficulties understanding statistical inference concepts as students and how teacher knowledge can impact student learning. This study investigates how teachers reinvented an informal hypothesis test for categorical data through the framework of guided reinvention. We describe how notions of variability help bridge the development from informal to formal understandings of empirical sampling distributions and procedures for constructing statistics and critical values for conducting hypothesis tests. A product of this paper is a hypothetical learning trajectory that statistics educators could utilize as both a framework for research and as an instructional tool to improve the teaching of hypothesis testing.
First published May 2015 at Statistics Education Research Journal Archives
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Auerbach, Adam Michael. "Informal Archives: Historical Narratives and the Preservation of Paper in India’s Urban Slums." Studies in Comparative International Development 53, no. 3 (July 30, 2018): 343–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12116-018-9270-5.
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Dobson, Melina J. "The last forum of accountability? State secrecy, intelligence and freedom of information in the United Kingdom." British Journal of Politics and International Relations 21, no. 2 (February 19, 2019): 312–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1369148118806125.
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The official mechanisms of intelligence oversight and accountability in the United Kingdom are arguably disjointed and ineffective. Thus, informal actors such as journalists, have played a more significant role. In addition, a rise of whistleblowers and leakers, such as Chelsea Manning, have highlighted the importance of online archives as an avenue for accountability. The United Kingdom is legally bound to place official documents on the public record at the National Archives. Sensitive material on intelligence and other security subjects majorly impedes the bulk release of documents. Inevitably, the inclination to ‘weed’ sensitive material from mundane documents has resulted in a costly declassification process. Evidence suggests that historians successfully investigated these subjects through the use of archives, despite the efforts of officials to obfuscate. This article argues that historians increasingly constitute the last forum of accountability and that routine declassification is an important, but neglected aspect of our machinery of intelligence oversight.
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WATSON, JANE, and ROSEMARY CALLINGHAM. "STATISTICAL LITERACY: A COMPLEX HIERARCHICAL CONSTRUCT." STATISTICS EDUCATION RESEARCH JOURNAL 2, no. 2 (November 29, 2003): 3–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.52041/serj.v2i2.553.
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The aim of this study was, first, to provide evidence to support the notion of statistical literacy as a hierarchical construct and, second, to identify levels of this hierarchy across the construct. The study used archived data collected from two large-scale research projects that studied aspects of statistical understanding of over 3000 school students in grades 3 to 9, based on 80 questionnaire items. Rasch analysis was used to explore an hypothesised underlying construct associated with statistical literacy. The analysis supported the hypothesis of a unidimensional construct and suggested six levels of understanding: Idiosyncratic, Informal, Inconsistent, Consistent non-critical, Critical, and Critical mathematical: These levels could be used by teachers and curriculum developers to incorporate appropriate aspects of statistical literacy into the existing curriculum.
First published November 2003 at Statistics Education Research Journal: Archives
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PAPARISTODEMOU, EFI, and MARIA MELETIOU-MAVROTHERIS. "DEVELOPING YOUNG STUDENTS’ INFORMAL INFERENCE SKILLS IN DATA ANALYSIS." STATISTICS EDUCATION RESEARCH JOURNAL 7, no. 2 (November 29, 2008): 83–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.52041/serj.v7i2.471.
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This paper focuses on developing students’ informal inference skills, reporting on how a group of third grade students formulated and evaluated data-based inferences using the dynamic statistics data-visualization environment TinkerPlotsTM (Konold & Miller, 2005), software specifically designed to meet the learning needs of students in the early grades. Children analyzed collected data using TinkerPlots as an investigation tool, and made a presentation of their findings to the whole school. Findings from the study support the view that statistics instruction can promote the development of learners’ inferential reasoning at an early age, through an informal, data-based approach. They also suggest that the use of dynamic statistics software has the potential to enhance statistics instruction by making inferential reasoning accessible to young learners.
First published November 2008 at Statistics Education Research Journal: Archives
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PAPARISTODEMOU, EFI, and MARIA MELETIOU-MAVROTHERIS. "DEVELOPING YOUNG STUDENTS’ INFORMAL INFERENCE SKILLS IN DATA ANALYSIS." STATISTICS EDUCATION RESEARCH JOURNAL 7, no. 2 (November 29, 2008): 83–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.52041/serj.v7i2.471.
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This paper focuses on developing students’ informal inference skills, reporting on how a group of third grade students formulated and evaluated data-based inferences using the dynamic statistics data-visualization environment TinkerPlotsTM (Konold & Miller, 2005), software specifically designed to meet the learning needs of students in the early grades. Children analyzed collected data using TinkerPlots as an investigation tool, and made a presentation of their findings to the whole school. Findings from the study support the view that statistics instruction can promote the development of learners’ inferential reasoning at an early age, through an informal, data-based approach. They also suggest that the use of dynamic statistics software has the potential to enhance statistics instruction by making inferential reasoning accessible to young learners.
First published November 2008 at Statistics Education Research Journal: Archives
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Asube, L. C. S., J. M. Daquiado, and B. J. P. Lavapiz. "DETECTION AND SPATIAL ANALYSIS OF LAND-USE: A CASE OF BUTUAN CITY WITH HISTORY OF MAJOR INFORMAL SETTLEMENTS." International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLVI-4/W6-2021 (November 18, 2021): 41–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlvi-4-w6-2021-41-2021.
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Abstract. This study detects the significant informal settlements in Butuan City proper. It determines the growth rate in 15 years with the given five-year interval. Machine learning algorithms and spatial analysis were applied to obtain the possible locations of informal settlement buildings. The projected locations of informal settlement buildings were validated thru aerial image validation using Remote Sensing and GIS-based techniques in ArcGIS software. Eight (8) barangays satisfy all the informal settlement building characteristics during the aerial validation process and ground-truthing, namely, Golden Ribbon, Holy Redeemer, Limaha, New Society, Ong Yiu, Port Puyohon, San Ignacio, and Tandang Sora. The eight (8) barangays were manually digitized from the given 5-years interval from 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2010. The value of the major informal settlement buildings area was computed to excel. The area growth rate was calculated using the growth rate formula. This study showed that the significant informal settlement in the study area increased. Among the eight (8) focused barangays, Tandang Sora ranked the highest informal settlements growth from 2005 to 2020. Its area increases up to 178.52%, a total of 24,608.43 square meters. Finally, the results revealed that the area of informal settlement buildings in Butuan City from 2005–2020, in 15-years, its value increases up to 9.74%, a total of 19,172.88 square meters.
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Usherwood, Bob, Kerry Wilson, and Jared Bryson. "Perceptions of archives, libraries, and museums in modern Britain." Library and Information Research 29, no. 93 (September 22, 2009): 50–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.29173/lirg202.
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In a research project undertaken by staff at the University of Sheffield, respondents were asked how they obtain information on major social and political concerns, and to consider the role museums, libraries and archives might play in helping them gain a greater understanding of such issues when compared to their use of other identified information sources. The study revealed a worrying trend amongst the British public to turn to some of the least trusted information
sources when seeking information on current concerns, but also indicate that a relatively high value is placed on museums, libraries, and archives in helping respondents to understand social and political issues. They are also perceived as vital sources of informal family learning, and seen to perform an essential role by providing a context to modern life.
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Borys, Nataliya. "Let’s Talk about Archives. Archival Gordian Knot in the Soviet Ukrainian-Polish Scholarly Collaboration (the 1950s-1960s)." Balkanistic Forum 30, no. 1 (January 5, 2021): 84–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.37708/bf.swu.v30i1.5.
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The article explores an unknown aspect of Soviet Ukrainian-Polish scholarly rela-tions: the collaboration between historians on issues pertaining to archives during the Thaw (1950s-1960s). At the core of this academic collaboration was the desire of Polish scholars to access the former Polish archives, the main bone of contention be-tween the PRL and the USSR. In this paper, I will reveal the mechanism of the Krem-lin’s control over the archives, as well as the politics of access to them by Poles, which provoked multiple crises at the highest levels. The Soviet politics of scholarship, and particularly of the most ideologized social science, history, differed from that of other countries and other forms of state politics in its tight control and censorship. However, despite the tight control and numerous obstacles, Soviet authorities failed to impose their rules on Polish scholars. Ukrainian historians played an important role as they could procure the necessary archival inventories and provide their Polish colleagues with access to the archives. The foregoing produced results quite opposite to Mos-cow’s expectations, fostering the creation of an informal collaborative network.
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Roberts, Priscilla. "British Commonwealth Archives from Far North to Distant South: Neglected Resources for Cold War International History." Journal of American-East Asian Relations 29, no. 2 (June 29, 2022): 133–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18765610-29020003.
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Abstract British Commonwealth archives constitite a rich and often under-utilized source of material for understanding the international history of the 20th and 21st centuries. From the late 19th Century onward, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand each enjoyed close and confidential relations with not just Britain, but with each other and increasingly, too, with the United States. They also participated in major international organizations at both an official and non-governmental level. Although or perhaps because each was a “middle” rather than “great” power, as each country developed its own diplomatic bureaucracy, their representatives often had informal and even intimate insights into the policies of a wide range of countries. This article introduces the highlights of each nation’s major archival repositories for materials relating to international affairs. While the holdings of the Library and Archives of Canada in Ottawa, the National Archives of Australia and the National Library of Australia in Canberra, and the National Archives of New Zealand in Wellington all feature prominently, the author casts a wider net and draw researchers’ attention to additional important and often under-utilized collections scattered across the different countries.
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Bjerk, Paul. "African Files in Portuguese Archives." History in Africa 31 (2004): 463–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0361541300003624.
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When I first mentioned to David Henige my plan to go to Portugal to do some archival research, he expressed the hope that it would be a somewhat more welcoming atmosphere than he had encountered in 1971, with armed soldiers patrolling the grounds. Indeed it was. I spent three weeks in Lisbon doing archival research in modern African history, with a specific interest in Tanzania. The Arquivo Histórico Diplomàtico (AHD) and the Arquivo Histórico Ultramarino (AHU) both proved to be rich archival sources kept by accessible and friendly staff.This paper is a brief and informal review of my research in the archives. Unfortunately, I did not survey the holdings of either of the archives I used, so I cannot speak to their scope, but the files on Africa are vast. The AHU, for example, claims over 6000 meters of documents, and not just for Portuguese colonies. They include materials dating to the sixteenth century and extensive intelligence and diplomatic materials for the twentieth century. I hope that this paper will give interested researchers a sense of the type of material available.In going to Portugal, I had the goal of finding out what archival material existed in Lisbon concerning relations between Portugal and Tanzania. Portuguese-Tanzanian relations were largely formed through the encounter over Mozambique. When Tanzania gained independence, it began to support the Mozambican liberation movements, which was very upsetting to Portugal, especially in the context of the Cold War. The Portuguese archives proved very fruitful. I found hundreds of documents that were of great interest, including documents relating directly to my dissertation topic dealing with a diplomatic incident concerning some forged letters that implicated Portugal in a plot to overthrow the Tanzanian government.
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Jerónimo Kersh, Daliany. "Women’s Small-Scale, Home-Based Informal Employment during Cuba’s Special Period." Latin American Perspectives 45, no. 1 (August 28, 2017): 175–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0094582x17726082.
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There is consensus in the literature that adherence to the traditional division of labor in Cuban society caused women to be disproportionately affected by the cutbacks to state services and shortages during the post-Soviet economic crisis known as the Special Period. After the devaluation of the state wage, many Cubans had to look for alternative forms of employment. Highly skilled professional Cuban women turned to feminized informal activities that made them similar to women in capitalist countries in the region and amounted to a partial reversal of the revolution’s substantial progress on gender equality. In contrast to the regulated self-employment on which existing studies focus, women’s informal labor up until 2010 was often small-scale, home-based, and unregulated. An analysis of oral histories and press archives identifies changes and continuities in women’s informal work during the crisis and shows where the interviewees locate themselves within this watershed in the Cuban Revolution. Existe un consenso sobre el hecho de que la adhesión a la división tradicional del trabajo en la sociedad cubana afectó de manera desproporcional a las mujeres a partir de la crisis económica post-soviética conocida como el Período Especial, con sus concomitantes recortes a los servicios estatales y la escasez. Tras la devaluación de los salarios estatales, muchos Cubanos tuvieron que buscar formas de empleo alternativas. Las profesionales cubanas altamente calificadas se dedicaron a actividades informales feminizadas, como ya hacían las mujeres en países capitalistas de la región, dando lugar a un retroceso parcial en el progreso revolucionario hacia la igualdad de género. A diferencia de lo que muestran estudios previos sobre el trabajo regulado por cuenta propia, hasta 2010 el trabajo informal de las mujeres a menudo se llevaba a cabo en pequeña escala, dentro del hogar y de manera no reglamentada. Un análisis de historias orales y archivos de prensa traza los cambios y continuidades en el trabajo informal de las mujeres durante la crisis y muestra dónde se ubican las entrevistadas en tal momento decisivo de la Revolución cubana.
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SMEETON, NIGEL. "UNDERGRADUATE COURSES IN DENTAL STATISTICS IN BRITAIN AND IRELAND." STATISTICS EDUCATION RESEARCH JOURNAL 1, no. 2 (December 29, 2002): 45–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.52041/serj.v1i2.565.
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Despite the recommendation of the General Dental Council that statistical methods and data analysis should form part of the curriculum of undergraduate dental degrees, little is known about the teaching of statistics in dental schools. This informal study was carried out to obtain information on the methods of teaching and assessment used in dental schools in Britain and Ireland.
First published December 2002 at Statistics Education Research Journal: Archives
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HENRIQUES, ANA, and HÉLIA OLIVEIRA. "STUDENTS’ EXPRESSIONS OF UNCERTAINTY IN MAKING INFORMAL INFERENCE WHEN ENGAGED IN A STATISTICAL INVESTIGATION USING TINKERPLOTS." STATISTICS EDUCATION RESEARCH JOURNAL 15, no. 2 (November 30, 2016): 62–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.52041/serj.v15i2.241.
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This paper reports on the results of a study investigating the potential to embed Informal Statistical Inference in statistical investigations, using TinkerPlots, for assisting 8th grade students’ informal inferential reasoning to emerge, particularly their articulations of uncertainty. Data collection included students’ written work on a statistical investigation as well as audio and screen records. Results show students’ ability to draw conclusions based on data, recognizing that these are constrained by uncertainty, and to use them to make inferences. However, few students used probabilistic language for describing their generalizations. These results highlight the need for working on probabilistic ideas within statistics, helping students to evolve from a deterministic perspective of inference to include uncertainty in their statements.
First published November 2016 at Statistics Education Research Journal Archives
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DOERR, HELEN M., ROBERT DELMAS, and KATIE MAKAR. "A MODELING APPROACH TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF STUDENTS’ INFORMAL INFERENTIAL REASONING." STATISTICS EDUCATION RESEARCH JOURNAL 16, no. 2 (November 30, 2017): 86–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.52041/serj.v16i2.186.
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Teaching from an informal statistical inference perspective can address the challenge of teaching statistics in a coherent way. We argue that activities that promote model-based reasoning address two additional challenges: providing a coherent sequence of topics and promoting the application of knowledge to novel situations. We take a models and modeling perspective as a framework for designing and implementing an instructional sequence of model development tasks focused on developing primary students’ generalized models for drawing informal inferences when comparing two sets of data. This study was conducted with 26 Year 5 students (ages 10-11). Our study provides empirical evidence for how a modeling perspective can bring together lines of research that hold potential for the teaching and learning of inferential reasoning. First published November 2017 at Statistics Education Research Journal Archives
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Namvari, A., F. Hosseinali, A. Sharifi, and H. Rabiei-Dastjerdi. "DETERMINING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF DIFFERENT INDICATORS IN IDENTIFYING INFORMAL SETTLEMENTS USING THE MEMBERSHIP FUNCTION." International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLVIII-4/W2-2022 (January 12, 2023): 79–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlviii-4-w2-2022-79-2023.
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Abstract. Informal settlement is one of the most common forms of urbanization, increasing every day all over the world, especially in developing countries. One of the important topics informal settlements studies is the measurement of indicators that can identify these settlements effectively. In many articles, the authors use various indicators to identify these areas. In addition, the literature shows these areas are suffering from several problems including the occurrence of fire due to the use of informal electricity, poor access to urban facilities and services such as fire stations, and dead-end and narrow alleys, isolated from other developed areas. Therefore, low accessibility and morphology of the transport network make fire suppression a very hard task in these areas. As such, in this study, we investigated the effectiveness of spatial and space syntax theory indicators in informal settlement mapping. For this purpose, we used ArcGIS and DepthMap software. The study area is District 19 in the southwestern part of Tehran in Iran, which includes 18 neighborhoods. The results show the connectivity index with 16% error or in other words, 84% correctness can be a good index or map to detect informal settlements, and the most prominent feature of informal settlements is the poor accessibility.
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Loor, Ignacio, Lucía Rivadeneira, and Julio Rivadeneira. "Challenging poverty with green space in informal settlements of Quito." Research, Society and Development 10, no. 1 (January 13, 2021): e29310111858. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i1.11858.
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Planners increasingly recognize the value of green spaces to the wellbeing of urban residents. Research on ecosystem services has produced much of what is known about such value, although the attention is mainly on the cities’ core while informal settlements remain overlooked. Using a case study of informal settlements in Quito, this paper focuses on how their residents use the neighboring green space to fight poverty. The study uses data from interviews, field notes, and archives to show how green spaces escalate the capabilities of the neighboring residents to access everyday resources. A preserved landscape enhances the ability to walk and travel to everyday destinations; allotments reduce the reliance on debts with shop keepers to access food; and sports fields enable income generation and pursue a career. These findings provide an understanding of how to address simultaneously environmental, social, and economic challenges in cities of developing countries. Planners engaged in the sustainable development agenda would benefit from this research.
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Dorner, W., L. Ramirez Camargo, and P. Hofmann. "CAN GEOINFORMATION HELP TO BETTER PROTECT INFORMAL SETTLEMENTS? - A CONCEPT FOR THE CITY OF MEDELLIN." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-3/W8 (August 20, 2019): 115–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-3-w8-115-2019.
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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> New contributions to disaster research need to address the increasing vulnerability of informal settlements in a changing climate situation. Informal settlements are frequently built in hazardous areas and are often left out of traditional disaster risk management concepts. Hence, formal and informal societal structures, as well as technical systems to warn against, handle or mitigate natural hazards, need to evolve. Within the project Inform@Risk we are addressing these issues based on a case study in Medellín (Colombia). Here, as a result of civil conflicts informal dwellings were partly constructed by people displaced from rural areas. They are mainly located in the urban peripheral areas along steep and unstable slopes, where the resettlement of all inhabitants at risk of landslides is unfeasible. This contribution presents the technical infrastructure and the concept to incorporate geodata from different sources in an integrated landslide early warning system for some selected informal settlements of Medellin. Special attention is given to possibilities on how building societal institutions, supported by information systems, increases local resilience. Using geoformation as a basis, we will combine classical participatory planning methods with digitally assisted concepts. These include combining satellite and UAS based remote sensing data with terrestrial sensor networks, crowd sourcing and citizen science to collect volunteered geographic information about the settlement and its environmental parameters, as well as distribute this information and disseminate warnings to the local population.</p>
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Hassim, L., S. Coetzee, and V. Rautenbach. "ELECTRICITY INFRASTRUCTURE PLANNING: EVALUATING SOLAR POTENTIAL ASSESSMENTS FOR INFORMAL SETTLEMENTS USING GRASS AND FREELY AVAILABLE DATA." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-4/W8 (July 11, 2018): 69–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-4-w8-69-2018.
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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Informal settlements, also known as slums or shanty towns, are characterised by rapid and unstructured expansion, poorly constructed buildings, and in some cases, they are on disputed land. Such settlements often lack basic services, such as electricity. As a result, informal settlement dwellers turn to hazardous alternative sources of energy, such as illegal electricity connections and paraffin. Solar power is a clean and safe alternative. However, informal settlements are often located on undesirable land on the urban fringe where the topography may hinder the use of solar energy. The high density of dwellings could also be a hindrance. Therefore, the solar potential needs to be assessed before any implementations are planned. Solar potential assessment functionality is generally available in geographic information system (GIS) products. The nature, cost and accessibility of datasets required for the assessment vary significantly. In this paper, we evaluate the results of solar potential assessments using GRASS (Geographic Resources Analysis Support System) for a number of different datasets. The assessments were done for two informal settlements in the City of Tshwane (South Africa): Alaska, which is nestled on a hill; and Phomolong, a densely populated settlement with a rather flat topography. The results show that solar potential assessments with open source GIS software and freely available data are feasible. This eliminates the need for lengthy and bureaucratic procurement processes and reduces the financial costs of assessing solar potential for informal settlements.</p>
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Rautenbach, V., S. Coetzee, and A. Çöltekin. "INVESTIGATING THE USE OF 3D GEOVISUALIZATIONS FOR URBAN DESIGN IN INFORMAL SETTLEMENT UPGRADING IN SOUTH AFRICA." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLI-B2 (June 8, 2016): 425–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xli-b2-425-2016.
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Informal settlements are a common occurrence in South Africa, and to improve in-situ circumstances of communities living in informal settlements, upgrades and urban design processes are necessary. Spatial data and maps are essential throughout these processes to understand the current environment, plan new developments, and communicate the planned developments. All stakeholders need to understand maps to actively participate in the process. However, previous research demonstrated that map literacy was relatively low for many planning professionals in South Africa, which might hinder effective planning. Because 3D visualizations resemble the real environment more than traditional maps, many researchers posited that they would be easier to interpret. Thus, our goal is to investigate the effectiveness of 3D geovisualizations for urban design in informal settlement upgrading in South Africa. We consider all involved processes: 3D modelling, visualization design, and cognitive processes during map reading. We found that procedural modelling is a feasible alternative to time-consuming manual modelling, and can produce high quality models. When investigating the visualization design, the visual characteristics of 3D models and relevance of a subset of visual variables for urban design activities of informal settlement upgrades were qualitatively assessed. The results of three qualitative user experiments contributed to understanding the impact of various levels of complexity in 3D city models and map literacy of future geoinformatics and planning professionals when using 2D maps and 3D models. The research results can assist planners in designing suitable 3D models that can be used throughout all phases of the process.
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TOBÍAS-LARA, MARIA GUADALUPE, and ANA LUISA GÓMEZ-BLANCARTE. "ASSESSMENT OF INFORMAL AND FORMAL INFERENTIAL REASONING: A CRITICAL RESEARCH REVIEW." STATISTICS EDUCATION RESEARCH JOURNAL 18, no. 1 (May 31, 2019): 8–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.52041/serj.v18i1.147.
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As a contribution to the discussion on the assessment of informal inferential reasoning (IIR) and the transition from this to formal inferential reasoning (FIR), we present a review of research on how these two types of inferential reasoning have been conceptualized and assessed. Based on our review, we discuss the need to redefine the conceptions of IIR and FIR in order to create an integrated description of inferential reasoning that includes not only ideas of IIR and FIR, but also the whole activity of argumentation, which involves the production of both statistical and contextual reasons. Current descriptions of IIR and FIR list the facts that might be brought from data analysis to the process of inferential reasoning. The approach we propose considers how the facts, both statistical and contextual, can be used as arguments, leading to assessments of students’ inferential reasoning focusing on articulating the statistical and contextual reasons students present to support an inference. First published May 2019 at Statistics Education Research Journal Archives
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KAZAK, SIBEL, TARO FUJITA, and RUPERT WEGERIF. "STUDENTS’ INFORMAL INFERENCE ABOUT THE BINOMIAL DISTRIBUTION OF “BUNNY HOPS”: A DIALOGIC PERSPECTIVE." STATISTICS EDUCATION RESEARCH JOURNAL 15, no. 2 (November 30, 2016): 46–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.52041/serj.v15i2.240.
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The study explores the development of 11-year-old students’ informal inference about random bunny hops through student talk and use of computer simulation tools. Our aim in this paper is to draw on dialogic theory to explain how students make shifts in perspective, from intuition-based reasoning to more powerful, formal ways of using probabilistic ideas. Findings from the study suggest that dialogic talk facilitated students’ reasoning as it was supported by the use of simulation tools available in the software. It appears that the interaction of using simulation tools, talk between students, and teacher prompts helps students develop their understanding of probabilistic ideas in the context of making inferences about the distribution of random bunny hops. First published November 2016 at Statistics Education Research Journal Archives
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Ashplant, T. G. "Life Writing “from Below” in Europe: Authors, Archives, Avenues, Arenas." European Journal of Life Writing 7 (March 28, 2018): LWFB10—LWFB48. http://dx.doi.org/10.5463/ejlw.7.241.
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Drawing on a large body of scholarship from the last forty years, this article offers an overview of the diverse forms of life writing “from below” (by authors from low down in a class or status hierarchy) in Europe since the early modern period (including autobiographies, diaries, letters, as well as transcripts of oral testimonies); and the varied and developing national traditions of collecting and archiving which have developed since the mid-twentieth century. It locates such writing within a field of force between an exteriority pole constituted by the state (or by organisations of civil society, or informal community pressures) which compel or otherwise elicit life writings from below, and an interiority pole of the impulse of someone hitherto excluded to narrate their life in some public sphere; and examines diverse ways (state compulsion or solicitation; citizen engagement, challenge or resistance) in which these pressures give rise to the production of texts. It identifies the roles of intermediaries within civil society (patrons, sponsors, commercial publishers, collaborators) as links between individual (potential) authors and the public sphere.
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MANOR BRAHAM, HANA, and DANI BEN-ZVI. "STUDENTS’ EMERGENT ARTICULATIONS OF STATISTICAL MODELS AND MODELING IN MAKING INFORMAL STATISTICAL INFERENCES." STATISTICS EDUCATION RESEARCH JOURNAL 16, no. 2 (November 30, 2017): 116–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.52041/serj.v16i2.187.
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A fundamental aspect of statistical inference is representation of real-world data using statistical models. This article analyzes students’ articulations of statistical models and modeling during their first steps in making informal statistical inferences. An integrated modeling approach (IMA) was designed and implemented to help students understand the relationship between sample and population, as well as reasoning with models and modeling. We explore the articulations of a pair of primary school students, who had previously participated in the Connections Project exploratory data analysis (EDA) activities, and suggest an emergent conceptual framework for reasoning with statistical models and modeling. We shed light on ideas of statistical models and modeling that can emerge among primary students and how they articulate those ideas. Implications for teaching and research are discussed.
First published November 2017 at Statistics Education Research Journal Archives
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Iorga, Alexandru. "What Makes an Ethnographer? Institutionalized Teaching and Informal Learning of Anthropology in Romania." Teaching Anthropology 10, no. 2 (December 22, 2021): 93–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.22582/ta.v10i2.520.
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The processes of disciplinary institutionalization emerged from practices of preserving written and oral documents, establishing local and national museums, and developing university courses. In the last 100 years, archives’ development assured the professionalization of scholars interested in disciplines unrepresented at the university level, such as ethnography and anthropology. After the 1990s, as the South-Eastern European countries could not imagine an alternative path of development, a westernization process emerged as the main strategy for catching-up with Western Europe.
My paper discusses the institutionalized anthropological and ethnographic research agenda in Romania, questioning its relationships with other social sciences in the context of national development of ethnography as a distinct branch (e.g., from anthropology). Secondly, I argue that institutionalized ethnographic and anthropological practice in Romania during communism significantly lacked reflective assessments and development of a theoretical corpus.
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Essounga, Angeline Raymonde Ngo, and Frida Njiei Achu. "Urban development interventions and living conditions in the informal settlement of Yaounde." Technium Social Sciences Journal 21 (July 9, 2021): 709–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.47577/tssj.v21i1.3907.
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Since the mid-2000s, the political capital of Cameroon, Yaounde is undergoing construction with many urban development projects coordinated by the Yaounde City Council carried out in residential areas and informal settlements. These various activities as many other urban development projects have impacts on the living conditions of the inhabitants. This article focuses on the projects specifically carried out in the informal settlements, aims at analyzing the meaning and the scope of those projects in the lives of individuals and communities. Indeed, this work, is interested in the different operations of eviction, opening up and restructuring that took place in the informal settlements as well as their social consequences on the entire population of the city. It describes these different operations as public actions that are not deployed over the entire area occupied by the popular neighborhoods in Yaoundé, but only on certain slums concentrated around the central town. These results and conclusion are developed from data obtained during direct observations in the slums, from archives and from semi-structured interviews with some urban actors who participated in the implementation of urban development programs in the slums of Yaoundé.
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Free, David. "News from the Field." College & Research Libraries News 79, no. 6 (June 5, 2018): 282. http://dx.doi.org/10.5860/crln.79.6.282.
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Pepperdine University’s Payson Library reopened last fall after a 15-month, $22.4 million renovation. Influenced by Spanish Revival architecture, the new building design honors tradition while addressing 21st-century needs for digital integration and flexibility to accommodate diverse learning styles. The new additions range from a high-tech makerspace to expanded study areas that seamlessly integrate traditional setups with more informal seating configurations. Responding to environmental concerns, motion-sensor LED lighting reduces power usage, as does a NEH grant-funded sustainable preservation and storage system for Special Collections and Archives.
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Baumgartner, Chelsea Fay. "Bodies of Knowledge: Politics of Archive, Disability, and Fandom." Canadian Journal of Disability Studies 8, no. 2 (April 28, 2019): 221–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.15353/cjds.v8i2.499.
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The work of critical theory cannot stop when it leaves the classroom, but must encompass the lived experience of the everyday. This essay combines personal narrative, disability theory, and a discussion of archiving strategies to question the boundaries of disability, injury and impairment.
Although fandom has an interesting and constructive relationship with disability, injury, and impairment, this paper does not focus on individual fan-works that feature these topics. This essay is instead an examination of the macro-structure of two different archives: TV Tropes and Archive of Our Own.
TV Tropes is an informal encyclopedia of narrative devices that uses community engagement to read narratives in a critical yet accessible way. Employing the macro-structure organization of the database, users frame the linkage of pity and disability in an atypical manner that subverts mainstream ableist assertions. This shows us that the structure of the archive allows for opportunities to resist oppressive ideologies. Rather than subverting official archival methods, Archive of Our Own instead provides space for users to create intersectional spaces through personally generated tags. While these websites are examples of how diverse archival strategies can positively engage with disability narratives, the decision to separate the labels of disability and injury is indicative of tensions around the categorization of the body. Examining how the division can be broken in both theory and fandom creates new, productive models of activism.
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Mokoena, B. T., and W. Musakwa. "MOBILE GIS: A TOOL FOR INFORMAL SETTLEMENT OCCUPANCY AUDIT TO IMPROVE INTEGRATED HUMAN SETTLEMENT IMPLEMENTATION IN EKURHULENI, SOUTH AFRICA." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLI-B2 (June 9, 2016): 735–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xli-b2-735-2016.
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Upgrading and relocating people in informal settlements requires consistent commitment, good strategies and systems so as to improve the lives of those who live in them. In South Africa, in order to allocate subsidised housing to beneficiaries of an informal settlement, beneficiary administration needs to be completed to determine the number of people who qualify for a subsidised house. Conventional methods of occupancy audits are often unreliable, cumbersome and non-spatial. Accordingly, this study proposes the use of mobile GIS to conduct these audits to provide up-to-date, accurate, comprehensive and real-time data so as to facilitate the development of integrated human settlements. An occupancy audit was subsequently completed for one of the communities in the Ekurhuleni municipality, Gauteng province, using web-based mobile GIS as a solution to providing smart information through evidence based decision making. Fieldworkers accessed the off-line capturing module on a mobile device recording GPS coordinates, socio-economic information and photographs. The results of this audit indicated that only 56.86% of the households residing within the community could potentially benefit from receiving a subsidised house. Integrated residential development, which includes fully and partially subsidised housing, serviced stands and some fully bonded housing opportunities, would then be key to adequately providing access to suitable housing options within a project in a post-colonial South Africa, creating new post-1994 neighbourhoods, in line with policy. The use of mobile GIS therefore needs to be extended to other informal settlement upgrading projects in South Africa.
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Barros, Amândio Jorge Morais. "The Manila Galleon, Macao and international maritime and commercial relations, 1500–1700." International Journal of Maritime History 29, no. 1 (February 2017): 123–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0843871416679114.
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Formal and informal trade were key elements in the establishment of global connections. Using data collected from Portuguese and Spanish archives, as well as the secondary literature, this article examines the early modern Southeast Asian Iberian communities of Macao and Manila, their weakness and resilience. Far from the centres of political decision-making they relied on their own resources and abilities to manage maritime connections with China, Japan and Spanish America through the voyages of the ‘Macao Ship’ and the ‘Manila Galleon’. The rarely mentioned intervention of the Macanese traders in the Manila Galleon route constitutes a central part of this research.
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Gregory, Paul R., and Aleksei Tikhonov. "Central Planning and Unintended Consequences: Creating the Soviet Financial System, 1930–1939." Journal of Economic History 60, no. 4 (December 2000): 1017–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022050700026358.
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We use the Soviet state and party archives to study the creation of the Soviet financial system. Although its framers intended to centralize all emission and monitoring of money and credit, in practice the system was characterized by informal mechanisms involving multiple players, soft budget constraints, and massive moral hazards. Enterprises issued “illegal” commercial credits and surrogate monies, causing liquidity growth to far outpace real economic activity. When confronted with the choice of solvency versus plan fulfillment, firms always chose the latter: credit risks were passed on to solvent enterprises, the state bank, and the state budget.
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Ramírez, Susan Elizabeth. "Obstacles to Native Education in Late Colonial Peru." Ethnohistory 69, no. 4 (October 1, 2022): 451–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00141801-9881251.
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Abstract This article focuses on educational initiatives, the negotiations and resistance these efforts generated, and the barriers to these efforts during late colonial times. After a brief overview of formal and informal instruction, two examples of efforts to establish schools, especially for Native boys and girls, are outlined before an analysis of the obstacles organizers faced in founding them. Efforts were uneven. The superficial enthusiasm of some was tempered by the resistance of others. Contemporary manuscript texts in the archives of Spain, provincial capitals of Peru, and Lima highlight attitudes toward education in the 1780s and again closer to the eve of independence.
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Bertoldi, Luca. "Learning From Art How to Disobey." Research in Arts and Education 2022, no. 2 (December 22, 2022): 25–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.54916/rae.122973.
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The text reflects on disobedience concerning informal art education. The aim is to trace possible directions of what artistic research today can represent for the scientific, social, and educational world in terms of the emancipatory potential it can foster. The text addresses the issue of disobedience from three perspectives. It reviews three historical experiences of artists who deal with the educational-pedagogical practice. It explores the digital archives of two curatorial projects, depositaries, and activators of dissident knowledge. It presents a performance in the form of a public assembly, where I was personally involved.
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O’Halpin, Eunan. "Parliamentary party discipline and tactics: the Fianna Fáil archives, 1926–32." Irish Historical Studies 30, no. 120 (November 1997): 581–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021121400013468.
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Academic study of the development of Irish political parties has been hampered by a shortage of primary source material available to historians and political scientists. This is because the headquarters records of parties, where they have survived, are generally fragmentary and ill-organised, and because few national politicians or party organisers have left papers for research.The shortage of primary sources on the major political parties is reflected in the standard academic works dealing with their development, from Maurice Manning’s Irish political parties (1972) and Michael Gallagher’s The Irish Labour Party in transition, 1957–1982 (1982) to Richard Dunphy’s recent The making of Fianna Fáil power in Ireland (1995). These are largely based on secondary sources, on interviews, and on the private papers of individual politicians. Where scholars have had access to party records, furthermore, it has generally been on an informal and improvised basis. It was in such circumstances that John Bowman, while preparing De Valera and the Ulster question, 1917–1973 (1982), and Dermot Keogh, while researching Ireland and Europe, 1919–1948 (1988), were given sight of some of the records of the Fianna Fail national executive committee and the parliamentary party.
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LEE, HOLLYLYNNE STOHL, ROBIN L. ANGOTTI, and JAMES E. TARR. "MAKING COMPARISONS BETWEEN OBSERVED DATA AND EXPECTED OUTCOMES: STUDENTS’ INFORMAL HYPOTHESIS TESTING WITH PROBABILITY SIMULATION TOOLS." STATISTICS EDUCATION RESEARCH JOURNAL 9, no. 1 (May 30, 2010): 68–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.52041/serj.v9i1.388.
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We examined how middle school students reason about results from a computer-simulated die-tossing experiment, including various representations of data, to support or refute an assumption that the outcomes on a die are equiprobable. We used students’ actions with the software and their social interactions to infer their expectations and whether or not they believed their empirical data could be used to refute an assumption of equiprobable outcomes. Comparisons across students illuminate intricacies in their reasoning as they collect and analyze data from the die tosses. Overall, our research contributes to understanding how students can engage in informal hypothesis testing and use data from simulations to make inferences about a probability distribution. First published May 2010 at Statistics Education Research Journal: Archives
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Prima, Kurnia Wahyu, and Elfi Tasrif. "SISTEM INFORMASI ARSIP DI BADAN PUSAT STATISTIK PROVINSI SUMATERA BARAT BERBASIS MOBILE." Voteteknika (Vocational Teknik Elektronika dan Informatika) 7, no. 4 (January 28, 2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.24036/voteteknika.v7i4.106375.
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Activities in both government and private agencies require data and information, one of which is archived. Archive is an important factor that supports the smooth running of activities in the agency. The archive information system is created efficiently and effectively with a mobile application based that aims to help users manage archives. In making this information system, Android Studio assistance software is used as a software maker program and Corel Draw as an application design maker. The method used in this application is the waterfall method. The waterfall method is a sequential design process that is often used in software development, the process continues to flow downward like a waterfall through several stages namely system requirements analysis, system design, coding and finally testing. From these problems and methods produced an archive information system that aims to facilitate its users in managing records.Keywords: Information system, Archive, Android Studio, Waterfall
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KAZAK, SIBEL, and DAVE PRATT. "PRE-SERVICE MATHEMATICS TEACHERS’ USE OF PROBABILITY MODELS IN MAKING INFORMAL INFERENCES ABOUT A CHANCE GAME." STATISTICS EDUCATION RESEARCH JOURNAL 16, no. 2 (November 30, 2017): 287–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.52041/serj.v16i2.193.
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This study considers probability models as tools for both making informal statistical inferences and building stronger conceptual connections between data and chance topics in teaching statistics. In this paper, we aim to explore pre-service mathematics teachers’ use of probability models for a chance game, where the sum of two dice matters in winning the game. We report on an interview with a group of three pre-service teachers as they engaged in predicting and conducting experiments and computer simulations as an attempt to develop a winning strategy. This paper focuses on how the participants came to use the theoretical model of the sum of two dice as they tried to coordinate the combinatorial analysis and the use of data as evidence in their predictions. First published November 2017 at Statistics Education Research Journal Archives
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Khwileh, Ahmad, Debasis Ganguly, and Gareth J. F. Jones. "Utilisation of Metadata Fields and Query Expansion in Cross-Lingual Search of User-Generated Internet Video." Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research 55 (January 27, 2016): 249–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1613/jair.4775.
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Recent years have seen significant efforts in the area of Cross Language Information Retrieval (CLIR) for text retrieval. This work initially focused on formally published content, but more recently research has begun to concentrate on CLIR for informal social media content. However, despite the current expansion in online multimedia archives, there has been little work on CLIR for this content. While there has been some limited work on Cross-Language Video Retrieval (CLVR) for professional videos, such as documentaries or TV news broadcasts, there has to date, been no significant investigation of CLVR for the rapidly growing archives of informal user generated (UGC) content. Key differences between such UGC and professionally produced content are the nature and structure of the textual UGC metadata associated with it, as well as the form and quality of the content itself. In this setting, retrieval effectiveness may not only suffer from translation errors common to all CLIR tasks, but also recognition errors associated with the automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems used to transcribe the spoken content of the video and with the informality and inconsistency of the associated user-created metadata for each video. This work proposes and evaluates techniques to improve CLIR effectiveness of such noisy UGC content. Our experimental investigation shows that different sources of evidence, e.g. the content from different fields of the structured metadata, significantly affect CLIR effectiveness. Results from our experiments also show that each metadata field has a varying robustness to query expansion (QE) and hence can have a negative impact on the CLIR effectiveness. Our work proposes a novel adaptive QE technique that predicts the most reliable source for expansion and shows how this technique can be effective for improving the CLIR effectiveness for UGC content.