Journal articles: 'INFN-LNF'

1

Fiore, S. "The PADME experiment at INFN LNF." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 770 (November 2016): 012039. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/770/1/012039.

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Curceanu, Catalina, Carlo Guaraldo, Diana Sirghi, Aidin Amirkhani, Ata Baniahmad, Massimiliano Bazzi, Giovanni Bellotti, et al. "Kaonic Atoms to Investigate Global Symmetry Breaking." Symmetry 12, no. 4 (April 4, 2020): 547. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym12040547.

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Kaonic atoms measure the antikaon-nucleus interaction at almost zero relative energy, allowing one to determine basic low-energy quantum chromodynamics (QCD) quantities, namely, the antikaon-nucleon ( K ¯ N) scattering lengths. The latter are important for extracting the sigma terms which are built on the symmetry breaking part of the Hamiltonian, thereby providing a measure of chiral and SU(3) symmetries breaking. After discussing the sigma terms and their relations to the kaonic atoms, we describe the most precise measurement in the literature of kaonic hydrogen, performed at LNF-INFN by the SIDDHARTA experiment. Kaonic deuterium is still to be measured, and two experiments are planned. The first, SIDDHARTA-2 at LNF-INFN was installed on DA Φ NE in spring 2019 and will collect data in 2020. The second, E57 at J-PARC, will become operative in 2021.

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DABAGOV, S. B., M. FERRARIO, L. PALUMBO, and L. SERAFINI. "CHANNELING PROJECTS AT LNF: FROM CRYSTAL UNDULATORS TO CAPILLARY WAVEGUIDES." International Journal of Modern Physics A 22, no. 23 (September 20, 2007): 4280–309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x07037834.

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Frascati's National Laboratories (LNF INFN) are well known in the world for pioneering research in the particle interaction and synchrotron radiation physics fields. Good experience in designing accelerators, storage rings and beamlines for synchrotron radiation allows presently LNF to be in the frontier for the construction of new X-ray generation sources. This report is an introduction to new research activity "Coherent Scattering Phenomena for Radiations in Solids" started in Frascati within the approved projects SPARC, SPARX and PLASMON-X. The main purpose of the project is to develop research area for studying the channeling phenomena of charged and neutral particles in periodic solid structures.

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Bellucci, Stefano. "Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Proceedings of the INFN-LNF 2018 Conference." Condensed Matter 4, no. 4 (November 13, 2019): 88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/condmat4040088.

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The NEXT Nanotechnology group at INFN-Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati (LNF) has organized, since the year 2000, a yearly series of international meetings in the area of nanotechnology. The 2018 conference has been devoted to recent developments in nanoscience and their manifold technological applications. These consisted of a number of tutorial/keynote lectures, as well as research talks presenting frontier nanoscience research developments and innovative nanotechnologies in the areas of biology, medicine, aerospace, optoelectronics, energy, materials and characterizations, low-dimensional nanostructures and devices. Selected, original papers based on the 2018 conference talks and related discussions have been published, after a careful refereeing process, in the MDPI journal Condensed Matter, and are currently included in the present dedicated issue.

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Curceanu, Catalina, Aidin Amirkhani, Ata Baniahmad, Massimiliano Bazzi, Giovanni Bellotti, Carolina Berucci, Damir Bosnar, et al. "X-ray Detectors for Kaonic Atoms Research at DAΦNE." Condensed Matter 4, no. 2 (April 25, 2019): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/condmat4020042.

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This article presents the kaonic atom studies performed at the INFN National Laboratory of Frascati (Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati dell’INFN, LNF-INFN) since the opening of this field of research at the DA Φ NE collider in early 2000. Significant achievements have been obtained by the DA Φ NE Exotic Atom Research (DEAR) and Silicon Drift Detector for Hadronic Atom Research by Timing Applications (SIDDHARTA) experiments on kaonic hydrogen, which have required the development of novel X-ray detectors. The 2019 installation of the new SIDDHARTA-2 experiment to measure kaonic deuterium for the first time has been made possible by further technological advances in X-ray detection.

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Bedogni, R., A. Esposito, G. Lovestam, M. J. García, and M. Virgolici. "The new PADC based fast neutron dosimetry system of the INFN—LNF." Radiation Measurements 43 (August 2008): S491—S494. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.radmeas.2008.03.058.

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Wang, Sheng Hao, Augusto Marcelli, Daniele Di Gioacchino, and Zi Yu Wu. "The AC Multi-Harmonic Magnetic Susceptibility Measurement Setup at the LNF-INFN." Applied Mechanics and Materials 568-570 (June 2014): 82–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.568-570.82.

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The AC magnetic susceptibility is a fundamental method in materials science, which allows to probe the dynamic magnetic response of magnetic materials and superconductors. The LAMPS laboratory at the Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati of the INFN hosts an AC multi-harmonic magnetometer that allows performing experiments with an AC magnetic field ranging from 0.1 to 20 Gauss and in the frequency range from 17 to 2070 Hz. A DC magnetic field from 0 to 8 T produced by a superconducting magnet can be applied, while data may be collected in the temperature range 4.2-300 K using a liquid He cryostat under different temperature cycles setups. The first seven AC magnetic multi-harmonic susceptibility components can be measured with a magnetic sensitivity of 1x10-6 emu and a temperature precision of 0.01 K. Here we will describe in detail about schematic of the magnetometer, special attention will be dedicated to the instruments control, data acquisition framework and the user-friendly LabVIEW-based software platform.

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8

Behtouei, M., B. Spataro, L. Faillace, A. Leggieri, F. Di Paolo, F. Marrese, L. Valletti, et al. "Studies of a Ka-band high power klystron amplifier at INFN-LNF." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2420, no. 1 (January 1, 2023): 012031. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2420/1/012031.

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Abstract In the framework of the Compact Light XLS project [1], a Ka-band linearizer with electric field ranging from 100 to 150 MV/m is requested [2, 3, 4]. In order to feed this structure, a proper Ka-band high power klystron amplifier with a high efficiency is needed. This paper reports a possible solution for a klystron amplifier operating on the TM010 mode at 36 GHz, the third harmonic of the 12 GHz linac frequency, with an efficiency of 44% and 10.6 MW radiofrequency output power. We discuss also here the high-power DC gun with the related magnetic focusing system, the RF beam dynamics and finally the multiphysics analysis of a high-power microwave window for a Ka-band klystron providing 16 MW of peak power.

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9

Gianotti, Paola. "Status and prospects for the PADME experiment at LNF." EPJ Web of Conferences 166 (2018): 00009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201816600009.

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The PADME collaboration aims to search for signals of a light dark photon A′ using the beam of the LNF LINAC. The experiment, approved by INFN at the end of 2015, foresees to detect A′, produced in the annihilation of positrons on a thin fixed target, by searching for missing mass signals. The detector construction is ongoing and should be completed within the end of 2017 in order to allow the collection of about 1013 positrons on target which are necessary to get a 10−3 sensitivity on the mixing parameter ε up to a dark photon mass of 23.7 MeV/c2.

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10

Bellucci, Stefano. "Selected Peer-Reviewed Articles from the INFN-LNF Conference on Nanoscience and Nanotechnology." Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Letters 3, no. 6 (November 1, 2011): 815. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/nnl.2011.1241.

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11

Bellucci, Stefano. "Selected Peer-Reviewed Articles from the INFN-LNF Conference on Nanoscience and Nanotechnology." Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Letters 5, no. 11 (November 1, 2013): 1131. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/nnl.2013.1690.

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12

Bellucci, Stefano. "Guest Editorial: Selected Papers from the INFN-LNF Conference on Nanoscience and Nanotechnology." Journal of Nanophotonics 3, no. 1 (October 1, 2009): 031999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/1.3266501.

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13

Cappuccio, Giorgio, Giannantonio Cibin, Sultan Dabagov, Alfredo Di Filippo, Gianluca Piovesan, Dariush Hampai, Valter Maggi, and Augusto Marcelli. "Challenging X-ray Fluorescence Applications for Environmental Studies at XLab Frascati." Condensed Matter 3, no. 4 (October 18, 2018): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/condmat3040033.

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In this work, we will report applications of the total external X-ray fluorescence (TXRF) station, a prototype assembled at the XLab Frascati laboratory (XlabF) at the INFN National Laboratories of Frascati (INFN LNF). XlabF has been established as a facility to study, design and develop X-ray optics, in particular, polycapillary lenses, as well as to perform X-ray experiments for both elemental analysis and tomography. The combination of low-power conventional sources and policapillary optics allows assembling a prototype that can provide a quasi-parallel intense beam for detailed X-ray spectroscopic analysis of extremely low concentrated samples, down to ng/g. We present elemental analysis results of elements contained in tree rings and of dust stored in deep ice cores. In addition to performing challenging environmental research studies, other experiments aim to characterize novel optics and to evaluate original experimental schemes for X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence (XRF and TXRF) and X-ray imaging.

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14

Stellato, Francesco, Maria Pia Anania, Antonella Balerna, Simone Botticelli, Marcello Coreno, Gemma Costa, Mario Galletti, et al. "Plasma-Generated X-ray Pulses: Betatron Radiation Opportunities at EuPRAXIA@SPARC_LAB." Condensed Matter 7, no. 1 (February 24, 2022): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/condmat7010023.

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EuPRAXIA is a leading European project aimed at the development of a dedicated, ground-breaking, ultra-compact accelerator research infrastructure based on novel plasma acceleration concepts and laser technology and on the development of their users’ communities. Within this framework, the Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati (LNF, INFN) will be equipped with a unique combination of an X-band RF LINAC generating high-brightness GeV-range electron beams, a 0.5 PW class laser system and the first fifth-generation free electron laser (FEL) source driven by a plasma-based accelerator, the EuPRAXIA@SPARC_LAB facility. Wiggler-like radiation emitted by electrons accelerated in plasma wakefields gives rise to brilliant, ultra-short X-ray pulses, called betatron radiation. Extensive studies have been performed at the FLAME laser facility at LNF, INFN, where betatron radiation was measured and characterized. The purpose of this paper is to describe the betatron spectrum emitted by particle wakefield acceleration at EuPRAXIA@SPARC_LAB and provide an overview of the foreseen applications of this specific source, thus helping to establish a future user community interested in (possibly coupled) FEL and betatron radiation experiments. In order to provide a quantitative estimate of the expected betatron spectrum and therefore to present suitable applications, we performed simple simulations to determine the spectrum of the betatron radiation emitted at EuPRAXIA@SPARC_LAB. With reference to experiments performed exploiting similar betatron sources, we highlight the opportunities offered by its brilliant femtosecond pulses for ultra-fast X-ray spectroscopy and imaging measurements, but also as an ancillary tool for designing and testing FEL instrumentation and experiments.

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15

De Lucia, Erika. "Status of the KLOE-2 Inner Tracker." EPJ Web of Conferences 166 (2018): 00003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201816600003.

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KLOE-2 at the DAΦNE Φ-factory is the main experiment of the INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati (LNF) and is the first high-energy experiment using the GEM technology with a cylindrical geometry, a novel idea developed at LNF. Four concentric cylindrical triple-GEM detectors compose the Inner Tracker, inserted around the interaction region and before the inner wall of the pre-existing KLOE Drift Chamber to improve the resolution on decay vertices close to the interaction point. State-of-the-art solutions have been expressly developed or tuned for this project: single-mask GEM etching, multi-layer XV patterned readout, PEEK spacer grid, GASTONE front-end board, a custom 64-channel ASIC with digital output, and the Global Interface Board for data collection, with a configurable FPGA architecture and Gigabit Ethernet. Alignment and calibration of a cylindrical GEM detector was never done before and represents one of the challenging activities of the experiment. The Inner Tracker detector construction, operation, calibration and performance obtained with cosmic-ray muons and Bhabha scattering events will be reported.

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Ishiwatari, T., M. Bazzi, G. Beer, C. Berucci, L. Bombelli, A. M. Bragadireanu, M. Cargnelli, et al. "New precision era of experiments on strong interaction with strangeness at DAFNE/LNF-INFN." EPJ Web of Conferences 66 (2014): 05016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/20146605016.

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17

Bedogni, R., A. Esposito, G. Carinci, and M. J. García. "Dosimetric performance of the new four element PADC neutron dosemeter of the INFN-LNF." Radiation Measurements 43, no. 2-6 (February 2008): 1108–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.radmeas.2007.11.046.

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Scifo, Jessica, Augusto Marcelli, Bruno Spataro, Dariush Hampai, Sultan Dabagov, Stefano Sarti, Antonio Di Trolio, Riccardo Moscatelli, Salvatore Macis, and Luigi Faillace. "Molybdenum Oxides Coatings for High Demanding Accelerator Components." Instruments 3, no. 4 (November 12, 2019): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/instruments3040061.

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Large electric gradients are required for a variety of new applications, notably including the extreme high brightness electron sources for X-ray free electron lasers (FELs), radio-frequency (RF) photo-injectors, industrial and medical accelerators, and linear accelerators for particle physics colliders. In the framework of the INFN-LNF, SLAC (USA), KEK (Japan), UCLA (Los Angeles) collaboration, the Frascati National Laboratories (LNF) are involved in the modelling, development, and testing of RF structures devoted to particles acceleration by high gradient electric fields of particles through metal devices. In order to improve the maximum sustainable gradients in normal-conducting RF-accelerating structures, both the RF breakdown and dark current should be minimized. To this purpose, studying new materials as well as manufacturing techniques are mandatory to identify better solutions to such extremely requested applications. In this contribution, we discuss the possibility of using a dedicated coating on a solid copper sample (and other metals) with a relatively thick film to improve and optimize breakdown performances and to minimize the dark current. We present here the first characterization of MoO3 films deposited on copper by pulsed-laser deposition (PLD).

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Martini, M., S. Dell’Agnello, D. Currie, G. O. Delle Monache, R. Vittori, S. Berardi, A. Boni, et al. "MOONLIGHT: A NEW LUNAR LASER RANGING RETROREFLECTOR AND THE LUNAR GEODETIC PRECESSION." Acta Polytechnica 53, A (December 17, 2013): 746–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.14311/ap.2013.53.0746.

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Since the 1970s Lunar Laser Ranging (LLR) to the Apollo Cube Corner Retroreflector (CCR) arrays (developed by the University of Maryland, UMD) supplied almost all significant tests of General Relativity (Alley et al., 1970; Chang et al., 1971; Bender et al.,1973): possible changes in the gravitational constant, gravitational self-energy, weak equivalence principle, geodetic precession, inverse-square force-law. The LNF group, in fact, has just completed a new measurement of the lunar geodetic precession with Apollo array, with accuracy of 9 × 10−3, comparable to the best measurement to date. LLR has also provided significant information on the composition and origin of the moon. This is the only Apollo experiment still in operation. In the 1970s Apollo LLR arrays contributed a negligible fraction of the ranging error budget. Since the ranging capabilities of ground stations improved by more than two orders of magnitude, now, because of the lunar librations, Apollo CCR arrays dominate the error budget. With the project MoonLIGHT (Moon Laser Instrumentation for General relativity High-accuracy Tests), in 2006 INFN-LNF joined UMD in the development and test of a new-generation LLR payload made by a single, large CCR (100mm diameter) unaffected by the effect of librations. With MoonLIGHT CCRs the accuracy of the measurement of the lunar geodetic precession can be improved up to a factor 100 compared to Apollo arrays. From a technological point of view, INFN-LNF built and is operating a new experimental apparatus (Satellite/lunar laser ranging Characterization Facility, SCF) and created a new industry-standard test procedure (SCF-Test) to characterize and model the detailed thermal behavior and the optical performance of CCRs in accurately laboratory-simulated space conditions, for industrial and scientific applications. Our key experimental innovation is the concurrent measurement and modeling of the optical Far Field Diffraction Pattern (FFDP) and the temperature distribution of retroreflector payloads under thermal conditions produced with a close-match solar simulator. The apparatus includes infrared cameras for non-invasive thermometry, thermal control and real-time payload movement to simulate satellite orientation on orbit with respect to solar illumination and laser interrogation beams. These capabilities provide: unique pre-launch performance validation of the space segment of LLR/SLR (Satellite Laser Ranging); retroreflector design optimization to maximize ranging efficiency and signal-to-noise conditions in daylight. Results of the SCF-Test of our CCR payload will be presented. Negotiations are underway to propose our payload and SCF-Test services for precision gravity and lunar science measurements with next robotic lunar landing missions. In particular, a scientific collaboration agreement was signed on Jan. 30, 2012, by D. Currie, S. Dell’Agnello and the Japanese PI team of the LLR instrument of the proposed SELENE-2 mission by JAXA (Registered with INFN Protocol n. 0000242-03/Feb/2012). The agreement foresees that, under no exchange of funds, the Japanese single, large, hollow LLR reflector will be SCF-Tested and that MoonLIGHT will be considered as backup instrument.

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Piscicchia, Kristian, Michael Cargnelli, Raffaele Del Grande, Laura Fabbietti, Johann Marton, Pawel Moskal, Àngels Ramos, et al. "A novel approach to the measurement of the hyperon nucleon/s interaction by AMADEUS." EPJ Web of Conferences 271 (2022): 07004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202227107004.

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The AMADEUS collaboration is investigating the low-energy antikaon interactions with nucleons and nuclei, taking advantage of the lowmomentum antikaons beam provided by the DAΦNE collider at LNF-INFN. In this work a novel technique is outlined for the measurement of the hyperonnucleon two and three body scattering cross sections. The method consists in producing hyperons by antikaons atomic captures in light nuclear targets, and extrapolating the cross sections from the measurement of the yields of the corresponding elastic final state interactions of the hyperons. The feasibility of this kind of analyses is shown by comparison of calculated Σ0 production in 4He by K− absorption on three nucleons, with a sample of K−12C absorption measured by AMADEUS in collaboration with KLOE. The feasibility of a dedicated high statistics measurement is discussed.

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Bedogni, R., A. Esposito, C. Domingo, F. Fernandez, M. J. Garcia, and M. Angelone. "Performance of the UAB and the INFN-LNF Bonner sphere spectrometers in quasi monoenergetic neutron fields." Radiation Protection Dosimetry 126, no. 1-4 (May 13, 2007): 342–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rpd/ncm071.

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Balerna, Antonella. "DAFNE-Light DXR1 Soft X-Ray Synchrotron Radiation Beamline: Characteristics and XAFS Applications." Condensed Matter 4, no. 1 (January 8, 2019): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/condmat4010007.

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X-ray Absorption Fine Structure Spectroscopy (XAFS) is a powerful technique to investigate the local atomic geometry and the chemical state of atoms in different types of materials, especially if lacking a long-range order, such as nanomaterials, liquids, amorphous and highly disordered systems, and polymers containing metallic atoms. The INFN-LNF DAΦNE-Light DXR1 beam line is mainly dedicated to soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy; it collects the radiation of a wiggler insertion device and covers the energy range from 0.9 to 3.0 keV or the range going from the K-edge of Na through to the K-edge of Cl. The characteristics of the beamline are reported here together with the XAFS spectra of reference compounds, in order to show some of the information achievable with this X-ray spectroscopy. Additionally, some examples of XAFS spectroscopy applications are also reported.

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23

Piersanti, L., D. Alesini, M. Bellaveglia, S. Bini, B. Buonomo, F. Cardelli, C. Di Giulio, et al. "Commissioning and first results of an x-band LLRF system for TEX test facility at LNF-INFN." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2420, no. 1 (January 1, 2023): 012075. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2420/1/012075.

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Abstract In the framework of LATINO project (Laboratory in Advanced Technologies for INnOvation) funded by Lazio regional government, the commissioning of the TEst stand for X-band (TEX) facility has started in 2021 at Frascati National Laboratories of INFN. Born as a collaboration with CERN to test high gradient accelerating structures, during 2022 TEX aims at feeding the first EuPRAXIA@SPARC_LAB X-band structure prototype. During 2021 the commissioning has been successfully carried out up to 48 MW. The power unit is driven by an X-band low level RF system, that employs a commercial S-band (2.856 GHz) Libera digital LLRF (manufactured by Instrumentation Technologies), with an up/down conversion stage and a reference generation and distribution system able to produce coherent frequencies for the American S-band and European X-band (11.994 GHz), both designed and realized at LNF. The performance of the system, with a particular focus on amplitude and phase resolution, together with klystron and driver amplifier jitter measurements, will be reviewed in this paper. Moreover, considerations on its suitability and main limitations in view of EuPRAXIA@SPARC_LAB project will be discussed.

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Del Grande, R., M. Bazzi, G. Belloti, A. M. Bragadireanu, D. Bosnar, A. D. Butt, M. Cargnelli, et al. "Studies of low-energy K- nuclear interactions by AMADEUS." EPJ Web of Conferences 182 (2018): 02035. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201818202035.

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The goal of the AMADEUS experiment is to shed light on unsolved fundamental issues in the non-perturbative strangeness QCD sector through the study of lowenergy K- hadronic interactions with light nuclear targets. The main open questions are the controversial nature of the Δ(1405) state, which is investigated in hyperon-pion correlation studies, and the possible existence of exotic antikaon multi-nucleon clusters, whose search in K- induced reactions is intimately related to the studies of the K- multi-nucleon absorption processes in hyperon-nucleon/nucleus channels. The DAΦNE collider at the INFN-LNF provides unique monochromatic low-momentum kaons from the φ meson decay almost at-rest, suitable for the AMADEUS studies. The KLOE detector is exploited as an active target, in order to obtain excellent acceptance and resolution data for K- nuclear capture on H, 4He, 9Be and 12C, both at-rest and in-flight.

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Carillo, M., M. Behtouei, F. Bosco, L. Faillace, L. Ficcadenti, A. Fukasaway, L. Giuliano, et al. "Space charge analysis for low energy photoinjector." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2420, no. 1 (January 1, 2023): 012058. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2420/1/012058.

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Abstract Beam dynamics studies are performed in the context of a C-Band hybrid photo-injector project developed by a collaboration between UCLA/Sapienza/INFN-LNF/RadiaBeam [1, 2]. These studies aim to explain beam behaviour through the beam-slice evolution, using analytical and numerical approaches. An understanding of the emittance oscillations is obtained starting from the slice analysis, which allows correlation of the position of the emittance minima with the slope of the slices in the transverse phase space (TPS). At the end, a significant reduction in the normalized emittance is obtained by varying the transverse shape of the beam while assuming a longitudinal Gaussian distribution. Indeed, the emittance growth due to nonlinear space-charge fields has been found to occur immediately after moment of the beam emission from the cathode, giving insight into the optimum laser profile needed for minimizing the emittance.

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Piscicchia, Kristian, Michael Cargnelli, Raffaele Del Grande, Laura Fabbietti, Johann Marton, Pawel Moskal, Alessandro Scordo, et al. "Low energy kaon-nuclei interaction studies at DAΦNE." EPJ Web of Conferences 262 (2022): 01006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202226201006.

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The aim of the AMADEUS experiment is to investigate the lowenergy antikaon interaction with nucleons and nuclei, exploiting the unique lowmomentum beam of kaons produced by the DAΦNE collider at LNF-INFN, to constrain hadronic nuclear physics models in the strangeness -1 sector. As a first step the data collected in 2004/2005 by the KLOE collaboration, consisting in a complex of K− absorptions in H, 4He, 9Be and 12C, was analyzed, leading to the first invariant mass spectroscopic study with very low momentum (about 100 MeV) in-flight K− captures. A dedicated pure Carbon target was also implemented in the central region of the KLOE detector, providing a high statistic reference sample of pure at-rest K− nuclear interaction. The first measurement of the non-resonant transition amplitude $\left| {{T_{{K^ - }n \to \Lambda {\pi ^ - }}}} \right|$ at $\sqrt s = 33$ MeV below the ${\text{\bar KN}}$ threshold is presented, in relation with the Λ(1405) properties studies.

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GIULIETTI, D., E. BRESCHI, M. GALIMBERTI, A. GIULIETTI, L. A. GIZZI, P. KOESTER, L. LABATE, et al. "HIGH BRIGHTNESS LASER INDUCED MULTI-MEV ELECTRON/PROTON SOURCES." International Journal of Modern Physics A 22, no. 22 (September 10, 2007): 3810–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x07037445.

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The chirped pulse amplification (CPA) technique has opened new perspectives in the radiation-matter interaction studies using ultra-short laser pulses at ultra-relativistic intensities. In particular the original idea, proposed by Tajima and Dawson, of accelerating electrons by the huge electric fields of plasma waves which develop in the wake of a laser pulse propagating in a plasma, become feasible. Some laboratories all over the world have produced by such a technique collimated electron busts of hundreds of MeV along acceleration lengths of a few hundreds of microns. In other experiments, using thin solid targets, intense bursts of energetic protons have been at the same time detected. The proton acceleration mechanism is essentially based on the Coulomb force appearing at the thin solid target surface as a consequence of the previous escape of the energetic electrons from the target. In the paper some experimental results will be presented as well as the opportunities the INFN PLASMONX project will offer in this research field at LNF.

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ROSENZWEIG, J. B., A. M. COOK, M. DUNNING, R. J. ENGLAND, P. MUSUMECI, M. BELLAVEGLIA, M. BOSCOLO, et al. "EXPERIMENTAL TESTING OF DYNAMICALLY OPTIMIZED PHOTOELECTRON BEAMS." International Journal of Modern Physics A 22, no. 23 (September 20, 2007): 4158–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x0703772x.

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We discuss the design of and initial results from an experiment in space-charge dominated beam dynamics which explores a new regime of high-brightness electron beam generation at the SPARC (located at INFN-LNF, Frascati) photoinjector. The scheme under study employs the natural tendency in intense electron beams to configure themselves to produce a uniform density, giving a nearly ideal beam from the viewpoint of space charge-induced emittance. The experiments are aimed at testing the marriage of this idea with a related concept, emittance compensation, We show that the existing infrastructure at SPARC is nearly ideal for the proposed tests, and that this new regime of operating photoinjector may be the preferred method of obtaining highest brightness beams with lower energy spread. We discuss the design of the experiment, including developing of a novel time-dependent, aerogel-based imaging system. This system has been installed at SPARC, and first evidence for nearly uniformly filled ellipsoidal charge distributions recorded.

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BOSCO, A., C. CANTONE, S. DELL'AGNELLO, G. O. DELLE MONACHE, M. A. FRANCESCHI, M. GARATTINI, T. NAPOLITANO, et al. "PROBING GRAVITY IN NEO'S WITH HIGH-ACCURACY LASER-RANGED TEST MASSES." International Journal of Modern Physics D 16, no. 12a (December 2007): 2271–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218271807011322.

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Gravity can be studied in detail in near Earth orbits NEO's using laser-ranged test masses tracked with few-mm accuracy by ILRS. The two LAGEOS satellites have been used to measure frame dragging (a truly rotational effect predicted by GR) with a 10% error. A new mission and an optimized, second generation satellite, LARES (I. Ciufolini PI), is in preparation to reach an accuracy of 1% or less on frame dragging, to measure some PPN parameters, to test the 1/r2 law in a very weak field and, possibly, to test select models of unified theories (using the perigee). This requires a full thermal analysis of the test mass and an accurate knowledge of the asymmetric thermal thursts due to the radiation emitted by the Sun and Earth. A Space Climatic Facility (SCF) has been built at INFN-LNF (Frascati, Italy) to perform this experimental program on LAGEOS and LARES prototypes. It consists of a 2 m × 1 m cryostat, simulators of the Sun and Earth radiations and a versatile thermometry system made of discrete probes and an infrared digital camera. The SCF commissioning is well underway. A test of all its subsystems has been successfully completed on August 4, 2006, using a LAGEOS 3 × 3 retroreflector array built at LNF. This prototype has been thermally modeled in detail with a commercial simulation software. We expect to demonstrate the full functionality of the SCF with the thermal characterization of this LAGEOS array by the beginning of September 2006.

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Piscicchia, K., M. Bazzi, G. Belloti, A. M. Bragadireanu, D. Bosnar, A. D. Butt, M. Cargnelli, et al. "Low Energy Antikaon-nucleon/nuclei interaction studies by AMADEUS." EPJ Web of Conferences 199 (2019): 01014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201919901014.

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The AMADEUS experiment at the DAΦNE collider of LNF-INFN deals with the investigation of the at-rest, or low-momentum, K− interactions in light nuclear targets, with the aim to constrain the low energy QCD models in the strangeness sector. The 0 step of the experiment consisted in the reanalysis of the 2004/2005 KLOE data, exploiting K− absorptions in H, 4He, 9Be and 12C, leading to the first invariant mass spectroscopic study with very low momentum (about 100 MeV) in-flight K− captures. With AMADEUS step 1 a dedicated pure Carbon target was implemented in the central region of the KLOE detector, providing a high statistic sample of pure at-rest K− nuclear interaction. The first measurement of the non-resonant transition amplitude $\left| {{A_{{K^ - }n \to \Lambda {\pi ^ - }}}} \right|$ at $\sqrt s = 33\,MeV$ below the K̄N threshold is presented, in relation with the Λ(1405) properties studies. The analysis procedure adopted in the serarch for K− multi-nucleon absorption cross sections and Branching Ratios will be also described.

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Bonardi, Mauro, Francesco Broggi, Flavia Groppi, and Luca Serafini. "Proposal of Mo-100(γ,n)Mo-99 reaction study using Compton back-scattering gamma-ray beams at INFN-LNF." Nuclear Medicine and Biology 37, no. 6 (August 2010): 715. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2010.04.190.

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32

Bellucci, Stefano, Antonino Cataldo, Alberto Tagliaferro, Mauro Giorcelli, and Federico Micciulla. "X-ray Absorption and Magnetic Circular Dichroism in CVD Grown Carbon Nanotubes." Materials 12, no. 7 (April 1, 2019): 1073. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12071073.

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Nowadays, a deep knowledge of procedures of synthesis of nanostructured materials plays an important role in achieving nano-materials with accurate and wanted properties and performances. Carbon-based nanostructured materials continue to attract a huge amount of research efforts, because of their wide-ranging properties. Using X-ray absorption (XAS) and X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) spectroscopy in the soft X-ray regime, by the synchrotron radiation, we studied the L3,2 absorption edges of iron (Fe) nanoparticles, when they are embedded in oriented Multi Wall Carbon Nanotube (MWCNTs) layers grown by thermal Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) technique catalyzed by this transition metal. This could allow us to understand the valence state and role of catalysts and thus their electronic and magnetic structures. It is important to note that the control of the size of these tethered nanoparticles is of primary importance for the purpose of tailoring the physical and chemical properties of these hierarchical materials. The MWCNTs samples used in XAS and XMCD measurements were synthesized by the CVD technique. The actual measurements were carried out by the group NEXT of the INFN- LNF with the logistic experimental support of the INFM-CNR and the Synchrotron Elettra Trieste.

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Garattini, M., S. Dell’Agnello, D. Currie, G. O. Delle Monache, M. Tibuzzi, G. Patrizi, S. Berardi, et al. "MOONLIGHT: A NEW LUNAR LASER RANGING RETROREFLECTOR INSTRUMENT." Acta Polytechnica 53, A (December 17, 2013): 821–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.14311/ap.2013.53.0821.

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Since 1969 Lunar Laser Ranging (LLR) to the Apollo Cube Corner Reflector (CCR) arrays has supplied several significant tests of gravity: Geodetic Precession, the Strong and Weak Equivalence Principle (SEP, WEP), the Parametrized Post Newtonian (PPN) parameter , the time change of the Gravitational constant (G), 1/r<sup>2</sup> deviations and new gravitational theories beyond General Relativity (GR), like the unified braneworld theory (G. Dvali et al., 2003). Now a new generation of LLR can do better using evolved laser retroreflectors, developed from tight collaboration between my institution, INFN–LNF (Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare – Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati), and Douglas Currie (University of Maryland, USA), one of the fathers of LLR. The new lunar CCR is developing and characterizing at the “Satellite/Lunar laser ranging Characterization Facility” (SCF), in Frascati, performing our new industry standard space test procedure, the “SCF-Test”; this work contains the experimental results of the SCF-Test applied to the new lunar CCR, and all the new payload developments, including the future SCF tests. The International Lunar Network (ILN) research project considers our new retroreflector as one of the possible “Core Instruments”

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Marton, J., and K. Piscicchia. "AMADEUS Experiment: Studies on Antikaon Interactions with Nucleons and Nuclei." International Journal of Modern Physics: Conference Series 46 (January 2018): 1860071. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010194518600716.

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The understanding of the low-energy strong interaction involving strangeness is a challenging topic due to resonances and predicted kaonic nuclear bound states. The K- nucleon interaction is strongly attractive at low energies verified in kaonic hydrogen studied in the SIDDHARTA experiment at the DA[Formula: see text]NE electron-positron collider of LNF-INFN (Frascati/Italy). Hyperon resonances like the elusive [Formula: see text] in the s-wave impose questions about its nature. According to theoretical studies it can be described as a dynamically generated resonance with two poles or a quasi-bound [Formula: see text]N state, which could lead to kaonic nuclear bound states (e.g. K-pp). An insight in many open facets of the antikaon interactions can be provided by the AMADEUS experiment at DA[Formula: see text]NE based on the analysis of the data collected in 2004/2005 by the KLOE collaboration, and of the dedicated data set collected in 2012 by AMADEUS in collaboration with KLOE. As a first step data from antikaon-induced reactions in the drift chamber of KLOE were analyzed and yielded new results on antikaon absorption on nuclei. Recent results of the experimental studies and an outlook to the future possibilities within AMADEUS are presented.

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Scordo, A., A. Amirkhani, M. Bazzi, G. Bellotti, C. Berucci, D. Bosnar, A. M. Bragadireanu, et al. "The kaonic atoms research program at DAΦNE: from SIDDHARTA to SIDDHARTA-2." EPJ Web of Conferences 181 (2018): 01004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201818101004.

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The interaction of antikaons with nucleons and nuclei in the low-energy regime represents an active research field in hadron physics with still many important open questions. The investigation of light kaonic atoms, in which one electron is replaced by a negatively charged kaon, is a unique tool to provide precise information on this interaction; the energy shift and the broadening of the low-lying states of such atoms, induced by the kaon-nucleus hadronic interaction, can be determined with high precision from the atomic X-ray spectroscopy, and this experimental method provides unique information to understand the low energy kaon-nucleus interaction at the production threshold. The lightest atomic systems, like the kaonic hydrogen and the kaonic deuterium deliver, in a model-independent way, the isospin-dependent kaon-nucleon scattering lengths. The most precise kaonic hydrogen measurement to-date, together with an exploratory measurement of kaonic deuterium, were carried out in 2009 by the SIDDHARTA collaboration at the DAΦNE electron-positron collider of LNF-INFN, combining the excellent quality kaon beam delivered by the collider with new experimental techniques, as fast and very precise X-ray detectors, like the Silicon Drift Detectors. The SIDDHARTA results triggered new theoretical work, which achieved major progress in the understanding of the low-energy strong interaction with strangeness reflected by the antikaon-nucleon scattering lengths calculated with the antikaon-proton amplitudes constrained by the SIDDHARTA data. The most important open question is the experimental determination of the hadronic energy shift and width of kaonic deuterium; presently, a major upgrade of the setup, SIDDHARTA-2, is being realized to reach this goal. In this paper, the results obtained in 2009 and the proposed SIDDHARTA-2 upgrades are presented.

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Drago, A., E. Pace, S. Bini, M. Cestelli Guidi, F. Cioeta, A. Marcelli, and V. Bocci. "Fast transient infrared detection for time-domain astronomy." Journal of Instrumentation 18, no. 02 (February 1, 2023): C02012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/18/02/c02012.

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Abstract Multi-messenger astronomy requires the use and development of telescopes and detectors for temporal observations across all the electromagnetic spectrum. The interest of our team is towards time-domain (or longitudinal, in the jargon of storage ring diagnostics) detectors able to make observations over the time rather than transversely by making photographs or spectrographs. The FAIRTEL (Fast InfraRed TELescope) experiment wants to build a very fast detector in the Mid InfraRed (MIR) to be used in time-domain astronomy. The experiment is oriented mainly toward the search of fast astronomical transients in the Galaxy, similarly to what has been observed in different electromagnetic ranges with the discovery of the FRBs (Fast Radio Burst) and the GRBs (Gamma-Ray Burst). In the last years, time-domain astronomy is growing in interest and intends to study events on time scales that can go from hundreds of milliseconds to microseconds and even shorter. The detector proposed by the FAIRTEL experiment, is based on HgCdTe semiconductors and on the experience done in the diagnostics for storage ring developed at DAFNE, the Italian e+/e− circular collider. The detection system design is in progress at the LNF (Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati) of INFN (Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare) while the telescope will be a standard reflecting type, like a Newtonian, a Cassegrain or a Ritchey–Chrétien telescope. The detection apparatus is under test at the IR synchrotron beamline SINBAD at DAFNE and it is foreseen to be implemented at the OPC (Osservatorio Polifunzionale del Chianti). It should be able to observe events with transients down to the nanosecond. A further development of the project involves the extension from ground-based observations to those by using balloons for scientific studies.

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Balerna, Antonella, Massimo Ferrario, and Francesco Stellato. "The INFN-LNF present and future accelerator-based light facilities." European Physical Journal Plus 138, no. 1 (January 17, 2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.1140/epjp/s13360-022-03611-9.

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Skurzok, Magdalena, Abdollah Amirkhani, A. Baniahmad, M. Bazzi, D. Bosnar, M. Bragadireanu, M. Carminati, et al. "Kaonic atoms experiment at the DAΦNE collider by SIDDHARTA/SIDDHARTA-2." SciPost Physics Proceedings, no. 3 (February 26, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.21468/scipostphysproc.3.039.

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The excellent quality kaon beam provided by the DA\PhiΦNE collider of LNF-INFN (Italy) together with SIDDHARTA/SIDDHARTA-2 new experimental techniques, as very precise and fast-response X-ray detectors, allow to perform unprecedented measurements on light kaonic atoms crucial for a deeper understanding of the low-energy quantum chromodynamics (QCD) in the strangeness sector. In this paper an overview of the main results obtained by the SIDDHARTA collaboration, as well as the future plans related to the SIDDHARTA-2 experiment, are discussed.

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Napolitano, Fabrizio, Francesco Sgaramella, M. Bazzi, Damir Bosnar, M. Bragadireanu, Marco Carminati, Michael Cargnelli, et al. "Kaonic atoms at the DAΦNE collider with the SIDDHARTA-2 experiment." Physica Scripta, July 8, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1402-4896/ac7fc0.

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Abstract Kaonic atoms are a unique tool to explore quantum chromodynamics in the strangeness sector at low energy, with implications reaching neutron stars and dark matter. Precision X-ray spectroscopy can fully unlock the at-threshold isospin dependent antikaon-nucleon scattering lengths, via the atomic transitions to the fundamental level. While the SIDDHARTA experiment at the INFN-LNF DAΦNE collider successfully measured kaonic hydrogen, its successor SIDDHARTA-2 is starting now its data taking campaign aiming to finally fully disentangle the isoscalar and isovector scattering lengths via the measurement of kaonic deuterium. An overview of the first experimental results from a preparatory run for the SIDDAHARTA-2 experiment is presented.

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Sirghi, Diana Laura, Florin Sirghi, Francesco Sgaramella, M. Bazzi, Damir Bosnar, M. Bragadireanu, Marco Carminati, et al. "A new kaonic helium measurement in gas by SIDDHARTINO at the DAΦNE collider." Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle Physics, March 14, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6471/ac5dac.

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Abstract The SIDDHARTINO experiment at the DAFNE Collider of INFN-LNF, the pilot run for the SIDDHARTA-2 experiment which aims to perform the measurement of kaonic deuterium transitions to the fundamental level, has successfully been concluded in July 2021. The paper reports the main results of this run, including the optimization of various components of the apparatus, among which the degrader needed to maximize the fraction of kaons stopped inside the target, through measurements of kaonic helium transitions to the 2p level. The obtained shift and width values are ε2p = Eexp - Eem = 0:2±2:5(stat)±2:0(syst) eV and Γ2p = 8±10 eV(stat), respectively. This new measurement of the shift, in particular, represents the most precise one for a gaseous target and is expected to contribute to a better understanding of the kaon-nuclei interaction at low energy. The results obtained in this pilot run, combined with the foreseen additional veto systems and projected for the total 48 SDD arrays of the SIDDHARTA-2 final setup, represent a solid starting point for the successful measurement of the kaonic deuterium 2p!1s transition, main goal of the experiment.

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"Preface." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2420, no. 1 (January 1, 2023): 011001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2420/1/011001.

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The 13th International Particle Accelerator Conference, IPAC’22, took place at IMPACT Exhibition and Convention Center, Bangkok, Thailand from Sunday, June 12 to Friday, June 17, 2022. IPAC’22 was organized as the first in-person IPAC since the emergence of COVID-19 as a global pandemic and was attended by 742 delegates from 37 countries on all continents. The total includes 118 industry and exhibitor delegates. Hosted by Synchrotron Light Research Institute (Public Organization) - SLRI. SLRI was established in 1996 (originally as National Synchrotron Research Center - NSRC) and is the national synchrotron research institute which also known as “Thai Synchrotron National Lab”, situated in Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand. SLRI performs its main duties on development, operation, and management of synchrotron light source “Siam Photon Source (SPS)” in order to achieve one of its main goals in production of synchrotron light and provide it for user application on research. The Local Organizing Committee (LOC) consisted of 66 staff from SLRI. There were 169 young scientists or students from all over the world attending the conference. Student grants were offered to 60 of these students thanks to the sponsorship of societies, institutes and laboratories worldwide. The Americas region grants were sponsored by APS-DB, ODU, CLS, SLAC, FRIB, and Jefferson Lab. The Europe region sponsors are EPS-AG, GSI, CNRS/IN2P3, INFN/LNL, CERN, DESY, PSI, CEA Saclay, ELETTRA, CELLS/ALBA, HZB, ESS, Cockcroft Institute, KIT, SOLEIL, ESRF, STFC/DL/ASTeC, MAX IV, and FZJ. The Asian region was sponsored by IPAC’22, SLRI, IPAC’19, ANSTO, SUT, GIT, LION, NSF, iRCT, Ti, Prime Street Advisory, NXPO, PUDITEC, and SPECS. The organizers of IPAC’22 are grateful to all sponsors for their valued support of students. Welcome remarks were made by Prapong Klysubun (SLRI), Chair of the Organizing Committee (OC). Yoshihiro Funakoshi (KEK), Enrica Chiadroni (INFN/LNF), and David Tarazona (Cornell University) opened the scientific program with presentations, respectively, on “The SuperKEKB Has Broken the World Record of the Luminosity”, “Progress Towards Demonstration of a Plasma Based FEL”, and “The Accelerator and Beam Physics of the g-2 Experiment”. The conference opening ceremony was on Monday afternoon and presided over by H.R.H. Princess Maha Chakri Sirindhorn featuring Special Plenary Talks from Chris Polly (Fermilab) on “Growing Expectations for New Physics” and Prapaiwan Sunwong (SLRI) on “SPS-II: A 4th Generation Synchrotron Light Source in Southeast Asia”. The program was closed with illuminating presentations by Mike Seidel (PSI) on “Towards Efficient Particle Accelerators - a Review”; Manjit Dosanjh (CERN/Oxford University) on “Accelerating the Future: Designing a Robust and Affordable Radiation Therapy Treatment System for Challenging Environments”; and Tomoki Nakamura (Tohoku University) on “Synchrotron Light Illuminates the Origin of the Solar System”. There were 36 invited and 52 contributed oral presentations of very high quality presented during the week. The regional distribution of talks was 16.7 % from Asia, 59.1 % from Europe, and 24.2 % from the Americas. The gender ratio for oral presentations was 71.6 % male and 28.4 % female. The oral presentations were 79.5 % onsite talks and 20.5 % remote talks.

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"X-ray and Inner-Shell Processes. 19th International Conference on X-ray and Inner-Shell Processes Edited by Antonio Bianconi (Università di Roma “La Sapienza”), Augusto Marcelli (INFN-LNF, Rome), and Naurang L. Saini (Università di Roma “La Sapienza”). American Institute of Physics: New York. 2003. xiv + 534 pp. $190.00. ISBN 0-7354-0111-X." Journal of the American Chemical Society 126, no. 5 (February 2004): 1585. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja033625g.

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Journal articles on the topic 'INFN-LNF'

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