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1
Villa-García, Julio, and Imanol Suárez-Palma. "Early null and overt subjects in the Spanish of simultaneous English-Spanish bilinguals and Crosslinguistic Influence." JOHN BENJAMINS PUBLISHING CO, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/623520.
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This study assesses the scope of the Crosslinguistic Influence (CLI) hypothesis’ predictions with regard to early bilingual acquisition. To this end, we analyze longitudinal corpus data from four bilinguals attesting the acquisition of subjecthood (null versus overt; preverbal versus postverbal) and the pragmatic adequacy of early null and overt subjects in a null-subject language (i.e., Spanish) in combination with a language differing in its pro-drop parameter setting (i.e., English). Our results indicate that CLI barely affects the development of subjects in the null-subject language at the initial stages, namely at the outset of null and overt subjects, and in turn support the Separate Development Hypothesis. Our bilingual cohort patterns with their Spanish-acquiring monolingual peer in that both groups display comparable proportions of null subjects as well as acquisitional trajectories of null and overt subjects at the early stages of acquisition. Much like monolinguals, bilinguals begin to produce preverbal and postverbal subjects concurrently. The bilingual children and the monolingual child of this study actually produce extremely high rates of pragmatically appropriate covert and overt subjects, which are for the most part target-like from the start, thus pointing to the absence of CLI effects. In light of monolingual and bilingual data, the paper also revisits the hotly debated issue of the ‘no overt subject’ stage of Grinstead (1998, et seq.), its existence in child Spanish being questionable.
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Hambrook, Glyn. "The influence of Charles Baudelaire in Spanish modernismo." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1985. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/13072/.
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Existing critical response to the question of Baudelaire's influence is confined almost exclusively to isolated assumptions articulated by critics who make little attempt, if any, to substantiate their claims, and who, thereby, show scant regard for the burden of proof associated with the study of causal influence. This study proposes to test the validity of such assumptions, and to formulate a more structured appraisal of the issue than has been made hitherto. To this end, it has sought to assemble pertinent evidence and to assess its value as an indication of a real literary debt. Enquiry is structured accordingly. The thesis begins with an exploration of methodological considerations designed to establish the conceptual basis of enquiry (Part One). It then proceeds to study the diffusion of Baudelaire's work in Spain between 1857 and 1910, and, subsequently, to examine critical reaction to the poet during the same period (Part Two). Finally, it studies the theme of Baudelaire's influence in modernismo with reference to the work of six poets whose work is representative of or which, in one case, prefigures the modernista movement in Spain: Manuel Reina, Rubén Darío, Francisco Villaespesa, the brothers Machado and Juan Ramón Jiménez. The particular objective of each case study varies according to the evidence available and the extent of existing critical response, but basically these objectives are three in number. First, to analyse unequivocal influences. Second, to ascertain, where no conclusive proof of influence exists, the extent to which the possibility of influence may be entertained. Third, to indicate, where pertinent, that the question merits more detailed examination than is possible in a general survey of this kind. The study concludes that although Baudelaire's work was reasonably well-diffused, his direct influence was slight and can be proven far less than existing preemptory claims suggest.
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Mount, Cameron D. "Therapists' Perceived Influence of Language: Second Language Spanish Speaking Therapists with Native Spanish-Speaking Clients." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2007. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd1872.pdf.
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Martínez, Vergara Sucet Jimena. "Exploring what disruptive innovation is and its influence on Spanish incumbents." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/671905.
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Disruptive innovation has become one of the most renowned types of innovation in the business world. The results of the preliminary review of the literature on this theory have revealed interesting questions about how exactly disruptive innovation (DI) is to be understood. The complexity of this theory has given rise to a series of inquiries aimed at generating a full understanding of the true position of DI in the business world. Consequently, the overarching objective of this thesis is to contribute to the literature on DI theory by exploring such questions as what is already known about this theory, and how much it influences incumbents located in Spain. In pursuit of the objective, it is proposed a compendium of three contributions corresponding to the central chapters 2, 3 and 4, respectively, of this thesis. First contribution: “Clarifying the disruptive innovation puzzle: a critical review”. Purpose: Disruptive innovation theory has attracted the interest of researchers and practitioners across many areas, resulting in the development of new business models and strategies. Despite the increasing scholarly attention, its definition has not yet been understood, the understanding of the term “disruptive” and the complex nature of this innovation has provoked some misinterpretations, and the meaning remains ambiguous. To address this confusion, this study undertakes a critical review of DI in an attempt at providing a solid theoretical grounding. Methodology: The review examines the key issues of published articles, identified after conducting a search in the Web of Science scholarly database. The analysis highlights the basic definitions of DI, showing its evolution, types, and its characteristics. This contribution also examines the behaviours adopted by the actors associated with disruptive innovation (i.e. incumbents, entrants, and customers). Findings: Overall, this contribution finds that DI has its own elements to be identified and requires in-depth analysis to avoid confusing it with other innovation approaches. The findings suggest that DI affects businesses and sectors in varied and complex ways because customers from low-end market and mainstream market appreciate this innovation. Second contribution: “Meaning and relevance of disruptive innovation to Spanish incumbents: a qualitative research study”. Perusal of the literature on DI reveals a pressing need to understand the influence of this type of innovation on incumbents’ activities, for it threatens their leadership, breaks the rules in many industries, and its influence does not seem to have geographic borders. The role of top managers is critical in order for incumbents to develop this type of innovation, but we know little about the way they approach the matter. To address this gap, this contribution uses face-to-face interviews with a sample of 20 incumbents located in Spain. The findings suggest that DI is popular and attractive for incumbents but there are many challenges due to a lack of understanding of this theory. This study contributes to the literature by showing (1) how DI influences incumbent activities; (2) the managerial implications and (3) approaches that should be taken into account in order for incumbents to achieve DI, as well as providing new insights on this theory in the context of incumbent environments. Third contribution: “Spanish incumbents tackling disruptive innovation development: a qualitative research study”. Many examples of DI have taken the leadership in the mainstream market where incumbents played. Currently, incumbents, small companies and entrepreneurs are interested in developing disruptive innovations. However, this evolving phenomenon has put under very serious pressure to incumbents. Successful examples of DI seem to foster them to bet for it. Incumbents are interested in harness this innovation and find opportunities to be disrupters, in their effort they have started to explore, and to act in order to tackle it. By conducting a qualitative research through semi-structured interviews to 20 top managers of incumbents located in Spain this study answers the following research question: What are the main management priorities, key factors, and challenges for incumbents in relation to tackling disruptive innovation? Findings show that DI has been influential on incumbents’ actions because it is considered as a great opportunity to be different and to lead the market. There are interesting approaches concerning management priorities carried out by incumbents when tackling DI, some important common key factors and challenges are analysed. Finally, this thesis provides more extensive discussion of disruptive innovation theory and its influence on incumbents and the results of this dissertation have useful implications for innovation management practice.
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Contreras, Courtney. "The Usage of Clitic Pronouns and the Influence of the Definite Article in Spanish among Spanish-Quechua Bilinguals in Peru." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2016. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc849650/.
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This study focuses on the clitic pronoun usage by Spanish-Quechua bilingual speakers in Cuzco, Peru when faced with a question that includes a definite article preceding the direct object. Answers are analyzed to determine whether or not the definite article has an effect on the presence or absence of the clitic pronoun. Direct objects tested were both [+human] and [-human] objects to determine if these variables affect clitic pronoun use as well. Speakers who have identified themselves as bilingual in both Spanish and Quechua were given a survey to complete in order to see what factors may contribute to the use or omission of the clitic pronouns.
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Avazpour, Kimia Raha. "Error Analysis of Basque/Spanish Learners' Written Language: A Case Study." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Sektionen för humaniora (HUM), 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-17435.
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It is generally believed that when learning another language, students most commonly use their first language as the source of language influence. In the Basque region of Spain people are either Spanish monolinguals or Basque bilinguals and in this case study I set out to see whether students use Spanish or Basque as a reference when learning English. The three most common written errors of Spanish monolinguals and Basque bilinguals were analyzed by using Error Analysis as an analytical tool. The errors were not only described but also reasons were put forward as to why these errors were made. Even though Basque was the first language of half of the students, the results show that Spanish was the main source of influence when writing in English.
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McWilliams, Leah Hooghe Liesbet. "The influence of the Spanish media on pubilc opinion towards European integration." Chapel Hill, N.C. : University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2007. http://dc.lib.unc.edu/u?/etd,1313.
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Thesis (M.A.)--University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2007.Title from electronic title page (viewed Apr. 25, 2008). "... in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in the department of Political Science." Discipline: Political Science; Department/School: Political Science.
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McMullan, Terence. "French influence on the Spanish 1927 generation : aspects of a cultural phenomenon." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.394474.
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Giraldo, Hanna I. "The Influence of Levels of Processing on Spanish-English Bilingual False Memory." UNF Digital Commons, 2013. http://digitalcommons.unf.edu/etd/449.
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In this study we investigated the role of semantic-processing on memory for Spanish-English bilinguals using the DRM paradigm (Deese, 1959; Roediger & McDermott, 1995), a procedure commonly used to elicit false memories. Participants were tested in within-language (i.e., encoding language and recall language match) and across-language (i.e., encoding language and recall language mismatch). The results indicated higher levels of recall for semantic processing in all conditions, however at the cost of higher thematically-related intrusions. These findings are consistent with the “more is less” pattern (Toglia, Neuschatz, & Goodwin, 1999), wherein greater correct recall is accompanied by greater false recall. In addition, the cross-language conditions resulted in higher semantically relevant intrusions and lower recall overall when compared to the within-language conditions, what might be termed “less is less.” Across all conditions non-semantic processing led to fewer false memories leading to overall accuracy exceeding that in the semantic-processing. In addition, greater levels of accuracy were observed in the within-language conditions. The study highlights the effects of semantic-processing on associative memory by exploring linguistic conditions that lead to false memories and provides insight into the procedure involved in transferring information from one language at encoding and another at retrieval and how false memories occur during this transferring process. Spanish-English bilinguals represent more than half of all bilinguals in the United States, and this population continues to increase (Grosjean, 2012). Implications for forensic interviewing (as in avoiding suspect interrogations always being conducted in English) and eyewitness testimony are among the applications that are discussed.
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González, Ferriz Fernando. "The influence of new marketing approaches on the export performance of Spanish firms." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Jaume I, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/663155.
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This thesis pretends to determine the variables that have an influence on the export performance of Spanish companies in the fashion sector. To do so, a special attention has been paid to new marketing approaches, considering the trends related to relationship marketing and new technologies. The result is the EMSP model of internationalization.Esta tesis pretende determinar las variables que afectan al rendimiento de las exportaciones en las empresas españolas del sector de la moda. Para ello, se ha prestado especial atención a los nuevos enfoques de marketing, considerando las tendencias asociadas al marketing relacional y a las nuevas tecnologías. El resultado es el modelo EMSP de internacionalización.
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Llama, Raquel. "Cross-linguistic Syntactic, Lexical and Phonetic Influence in the Acquisition of L3 Spanish." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/36217.
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The main ongoing debate within the recently-established field of Third Language (L3) Acquisition revolves around which of the previously-acquired languages prevails as a source of cross-linguistic influence (CLI) during production in the target language. Whereas several factors have been found to promote CLI, the existing body of L3 research points to a potential stronger rivalry between two of them: typology, or the relative distance among the languages involved, and second language (L2) status, also known as foreign language effect. In fact, they are at the core of two models of multilingual transfer that stem from the area of L3 morphosyntax, namely the Typology Primacy Model (TPM; Rothman, 2010, 2011, 2013, 2015), and the L2 Status Factor Model (L2 SFM; Bardel & Falk, 2007, 2012).
For the most part, claims backing a more determinant role for typology come from studies investigating lexis. Whether or not typology overrides the effect of the L2 with regards to syntax and phonology as well is less clear. On the one hand, studies focusing on syntactic CLI can be divided into those whose findings suggest a crucial role either for the L1 (Na Raong & Leung, 2009) or for the L2 (Bardel & Falk, 2007), those in which findings point to typology as the deciding factor in determining a source of CLI (Rothman, 2011), and those that fail to show any influence from the L2 on the L3 (Håkansson, Pienemann, & Sayehli, 2002) even when the L2 and the L3 are typologically close (Martínez Adrián, 2005). On the other hand, results from previous research investigating phonological CLI also yield three main distinct findings: i) a more marked L2 effect (Llama, Cardoso & Collins, 2010), ii) a predominant influence from the first language (L1; Llisterri & Poch, 1987), and iii) combined CLI, that is, the L1 and the L2 concur in influencing the L3 (Wrembel, 2014). The primary goal of this dissertation is to add to the debate by looking into all three sub-areas among trilinguals at a high-intermediate to advanced level of proficiency, which has been the least targeted proficiency level until now. The selected topics, per area, are: lexical inventions, relative clause attachment preferences (RCA), and voice onset time (VOT). The secondary goal was to compare the relative influences of typology and L2 status across sub-areas, and to examine all results in light of three of the current L3 multilingual transfer models, the TPM, the L2 SFM, and the Cumulative Enhancement Model (CEM; Flynn, Foley, & Vinnitskaya, 2004). The results obtained are in clear agreement with previous reports in the area of lexis. However, the interplay of our trilinguals’ linguistic systems with regard to RCA and VOT is more complex. Findings in these areas seem to suggest that other factors (language exposure in the case of RCA, and the L1, in the case of VOT) may trump the two under investigation.
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Cruz, Nicole. "The influence of beliefs on people's perception of illness in the spanish golden age." Honors in the Major Thesis, University of Central Florida, 2012. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETH/id/540.
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Medicine is a field of science that is always changing and promoting new ideas and innovations. Throughout history, medicine has been an important factor in the lives of people around the world since the beginning of civilizations. This study focused on the literature of medicine as it relates to the Spanish Golden Age period. By looking at the history and critical studies in medicine during sixteenth and seventeenth century Spain as well as during the pre-colonial period in America, this thesis overviews the effects and influences in regards to health and illness in Spain and the Americas during the Spanish Golden Age era.B.A.
Bachelors
Arts and Humanities
Spanish
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Velasco, Berenguer Gonzalo. "Philip I, King of England and Ireland : Spanish influence under Habsburg-Tudor rule, 1554-1558." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2017. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.723505.
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Sennett, Alan. "Permanent revolution in Spain? : the influence of Trotsky's Marxism upon the Spanish dissident communists, 1930-1937." Thesis, University of Manchester, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.521952.
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Davison, Jane. "The art of writing : the influence of Spanish literary culture on the work of Kate O'Brien." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2015. http://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/2007119/.
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This thesis examines the influence that Spanish literary culture had on Kate O'Brien's work. There are overt Spanish elements in a number of O'Brien's writings; however upon a closer inspection of both her fiction and her non-fiction, this research reveals how a more subtle influence of Spain runs through the core of all her work and that her experimental writing style is inextricably linked to Spanish literary culture. As such, this thesis illuminates the way in which O'Brien's engagement with the writings of Concha Espina, Jacinto Benavente, Miguel Cervantes and Teresa of Avila provided her with a model with which to negotiate the social, religious and familial restraints faced by a female Catholic novelist in post-independence Ireland. The thesis is structured in four parts with a chapter devoted to the unique influence of each writer on O'Brien. Importantly, the thesis confronts some received critical assumptions about O'Brien. More specifically, it challenges the idea that O'Brien was a conservative writer whose work was stylistically timid and outdated in tone. In doing so, this re-assessment of O'Brien's work offers a new approach to her writing, as it situates her in both an Irish and an international context of writers who are regarded as modernist novelists.
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Fugazza, Lorenzo. "The Impressionistic Guitar : Is there a mutual influence between the Spanish guitar and the Impressionist masters?" Thesis, Kungl. Musikhögskolan, Institutionen för klassisk musik, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kmh:diva-2505.
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This thesis is an investigation on the influences that the Spanish Guitar and the traditional music from Spain had on the impressionistic composers of the late 19th century and early 20th century. I have also inquired on the opposite influence, the impressionistic influence on Spanish composers.It contains a description of the characteristics of the two musical genres, informations on their most renowned composers’ composing style and an analysis on two relevant pieces of the guitarist and orchestral repertoire.I found out a very strong link between the two genres, with Impressionism being very influenced by the traditional Flamenco style and the guitaristic idiomatic language and on the other hand the Spanish composers including in their compositions the new Impressionistic composing techniques and its new research on colors and timbres.Keywords:
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Twell, Mary Tudor. "The Influence of Flamenco on Selected Works of Picasso." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1995. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc332484/.
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This thesis investigates, analyzes, and discusses Picasso's imagery in the cultural context of the nineteenth-century Spanish tradition of flamenco. Two published photographs featuring the elderly artist with the gypsy guitarist Manitas de Plata initiated the study, and led me to the conclusion that selected works by Picasso were influenced psychologically, thematically, and formally by his youth which was spent in the Andalusian province of Malaga and later in Barcelona. Picasso's early artistic education occurred at precisely the same time and place as The Golden Age of Flamenco in Spain, a cultural phenomenon that profoundly affected both his life and art.
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Robinson, Elizabeth. "S-CAPE Testing for Higher Proficiency Levels and Other Factors That Influence Placement at Brigham Young University." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2014. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/4354.
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Brigham Young University (BYU) first implemented the Spanish Computer Adaptive Placement Examination (S-CAPE) during the Fall Semester of 1986 and it has been used ever since. The S-CAPE was designed to determine course placement into beginning and intermediate classes for students who have previously studied Spanish. A 10% increase occurred this year (2014) in students who have served missions for The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. Many of these returned missionaries gained language proficiency on their missions, and some go to BYU to begin or continue their studies. Because of the increase in enrollment of students with intermediate and advanced Spanish fluency, the BYU Department of Spanish and Portuguese needed a way to accurately place these students. This study analyzed the S-CAPE to see if it was reliable and capable of placing more advanced students. The S-CAPE was not originally designed to place students above SPAN 206. In addition, other factors that contribute to student placement at BYU are evaluated. Recommendations are made for improving the validity of the S-CAPE, as well as the language skills tested by the S-CAPE. Further recommendations are made to upgrade the process of placing students registering for Spanish at BYU.
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Narcross, Tara Lee. "Infinitival complementation in selected Spanish verbs of influence : a diachronic investigation of argument structure and surface structure /." The Ohio State University, 2000. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu148820217119818.
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Crowley, Nancy E. "The influence of local and imported factors on the design and construction of the Spanish missions in San Antonio, Texas." Texas A&M University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/3158.
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San Antonio, Texas, is home to several eighteenth-century Spanish Franciscan missions,
which represent some of the best examples of Spanish colonial mission architecture in
the United States and which together comprise the city's historic Chain of Missions.
This study traces the history of four of these missions: Mission Nuestra Senora de la Purismima Concepcion de Acuna, Mission San Jose y San Miguel de Aguayo, Mission
San Juan Capistrano, and Mission San Francisco de la Espada.
Founded by Franciscan friars, who traveled from Spain to Mexico and ultimately
to Texas to christianize native populations of the Americas, and built by craftsmen
transplanted from Mexico, the missions are an amalgam of diverse cultures and decades
of evolving architectural styles. This study examines the cultural, religious, and
environmental factors that influenced the design and construction of the original mission
structures. Specifically, it analyzes the vernacular architecture of eighteenth-century
Spain and Mexico, as well as the traditions of local Native American groups of the period, and studies the effect of these cultures and San Antonio's environmental
conditions on the resulting vernacular construction of the San Antonio missions.
Each of the four missions in this study is examined within the context of three
main factors: (a) the unique combination of broad cultural factorsboth local and
imported-that influenced the architectural forms of the missions; (b) the religious
prescriptions of three cultural groups and their effect on the structure of the missions;
and (c) the impact of the specific environmental conditions of the San Antonio area. The
goal of this study was to identify the multiple forces that contributed to the creation of a
vernacular architectural form-Spanish mission architecture-in Texas. The findings
suggest that the design and construction of the San Antonio Missions were most strongly
influenced by Mexican religious factors, followed by Spanish cultural factors.
Environmental conditions of the area were not highly influential.
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Gómez, Jiménez Marcos. "Employee Creativity and Culture. Evidence from an examination of culture's influence on perceived employee's creativity in Spanish organizations." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Ramon Llull, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/362365.
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La creativitat és considerada un ingredient fonamental de la innovació, un recurs altament valorat per a la competitivitat sostenible i l’èxit a llarg termini de les empreses. Per això, líders de negoci, així com investigadors acadèmics i estaments polítics, han donat una atenció creixent a aquest tema. La investigació sobre la creativitat és un camp multifacètic i en creixement continuat. Degut a una falta de consens en la definició de la creativitat, aquest camp d’investigació s’ha anat ampliant al llarg de dècades, arribant als nostres dies amb una gran varietat d’aproximacions al seu estudi des de diferents disciplines, tals com la psicologia, sociologia, antropologia, neurologia o economia entre altres. No obstant, la perspectiva cultural aplicada a l’estudi de la creativitat ha estat relativament inferior. Malgrat algunes Formulacions teòriques, aquesta aproximació roman un pas per darrere en termes de recerca empírica.
La present tesi es planteja la pregunta d’investigació de en quina mesura la cultura influència la creativitat de l'empleat en els seus llocs de treball, cosa que també es podria conceptualitzar com la influència de la cultura en el domini de coneixement de la creativitat en les organitzacions.
Aquesta tesi proporciona evidència empírica a partir de 198 empleats de 10 organitzacions espanyoles, amb respecte a la relació entre cultura i creativitat en el treball. Es proposa que la cultura té una influència significativa a la creativitat de l'empleat. L'efecte de la cultura sobre aquesta creativitat s’estudia aplicant un model multidimensional de la creativitat de l'empleat percebuda, tenint en compte l’impacte cultural a un nivell individual d’anàlisi en tres dimensions diferents: cultura nacional, cultura organitzacional i valors individuals independents. En aquest model la creativitat de l’empleat es percebuda per ell mateix, i també (a mode de punt de validació) pel cap de l’empleat.
Mentre la majoria de les eines i teories de la creativitat han estat desenvolupades a l’entorn de la cultura Anglo-Saxona, aquesta tesi es focalitza a la creativitat de l’empleat en el si d'organitzacions d'Espanya, una societat mediterrània que representa un espai cultural relativament poc investigat fins al moment.
Entre les principals contribucions, els resultats empírics suggereixen un procés diferent procés social de creativitat en les organitzacions participants en aquest estudi, i una inesperada diferent percepció sobre la creativitat de l'empleat, en funció del punt d'observació.
En resum, el propòsit d’aquesta tesi és la d'estudiar l'efecte de la cultura a la creativitat de l'empleat percebuda, en tres diferents dimensions d'anàlisi: la cultura nacional, la cultura organitzacional i els valors individuals independents.La creatividad es considerada un ingrediente fundamental de la innovación, un recurso altamente preciado para la competitividad sostenible y el éxito a largo plazo de las empresas. Por ello, líderes de negocios, así como investigadores académicos y estamentos políticos, han prestado una atención creciente a este tema. La investigación sobre la creatividad es un campo multifacético y en continuo crecimiento. Debido a una falta de consenso en la definición de la creatividad, este campo de investigación se ha ido ampliando a lo largo de décadas, llegando a nuestros días con una gran variedad de aproximaciones a su estudio desde diferentes disciplinas, tales como psicología, sociología, antropología, neurología, o economía, entre otros. Sin embargo, la perspectiva cultural aplicada al estudio de la creatividad ha sido relativamente menor. A pesar de algunas formulaciones teóricas, esta aproximación permanece un paso por detrás en términos de investigación empírica. La presente tesis se plantea la pregunta de investigación de en qué medida la cultura influencia la creatividad del empleado en sus puestos de trabajo, lo que también se podría conceptualizar como la influencia de la cultura en el dominio de conocimiento de la creatividad en las organizaciones. Esta tesis proporciona evidencia empírica a partir de 198 empleados de 10 organizaciones españolas, con respecto a la relación entre cultura y creatividad en el trabajo. Se propone que la cultura tiene una influencia significativa en la creatividad del empleado. El efecto de la cultura sobre dicha creatividad se estudia aplicando un modelo multidimensional de la creatividad del empleado percibida, teniendo en cuenta el impacto cultural a un nivel individual de análisis, en tres dimensiones distintas: cultura nacional, cultura organizacional, y valores individuales independientes. En este modelo la creatividad del empleado es percibida por él mismo, y también (a modo de punto de validación) por el jefe del empleado. Mientras la mayoría de las herramientas y teorías de la creatividad han sido desarrolladas en el entorno de la cultura Anglo-Sajona, esta tesis se focaliza en la creatividad del empleado en el seno de organizaciones de España, una sociedad mediterránea que representa un espacio cultural relativamente poco investigado hasta el momento. Entre las principales contribuciones, los resultados empíricos sugieren un diferente proceso social de creatividad en las organizaciones participantes en el estudio, y una inesperada diferente percepción sobre la creatividad del empleado, en función del punto de observación. En resumen, el propósito de esta tesis es la de estudiar el efecto de la cultura en la creatividad del empleado percibida, en tres distintas dimensiones de analisis: la cultura nacional, la cultura organizacional y los valores individuales independientes.
Creativity is considered as a key ingredient of innovation, a highly praised resource for sustainable competitiveness and long term business success. As such, business leaders but also academic researchers and policy makers have paid increased attention to the subject. Creativity research is an ever-growing and multifaceted field of enquiry. Despite a lack of consensus regarding how to define creativity, this field of research has grown over the decades and today it includes a wide variety of approaches from diverse disciplines such as psychology, sociology, anthropology, neurology, economy, among others. The cultural approach to the study of creativity has been relatively understudied. Although there are some theoretical formulations, this stream of research lags behind in terms of empirical research. The current dissertation addresses the research question in relation to what extent culture affects the creativity of employees at work, that might also be conceptualized as the effect of culture on the knowledge domain of organizational creativity. This dissertation provides empirical evidence from a sample of 198 employees from 10 Spanish organizations, regarding the relationship between culture and creativity at work. It is maintained that culture has a significant influence on the employee creativity. The effect of culture on employee creativity is examined employing a multidimensional model, of the perceived employee creativity, that takes into account culture’s imprints at an individual level of analysis, at three distinct dimensions: national culture, organizational culture and individual stand-alone values. In this model the employee’s creativity is perceived by the employee himself, and also (as a validation point) by the employee’s manager. While most of creativity tools and theories have been developed within an Anglo-Saxon culture, this dissertation is focused on employee creativity in organizations belonging to Spain, a Mediterranean society and a cultural space that is relatively under-examined by previous research. Among the main contributions, empirical findings suggest a potential different social process of creativity in the organizations under study, and an unexpected different perception of employees’ creativity depending on the observation point. In summary, the purpose of this study is to examine the effect of culture on perceived employees' creativity, at three distinct dimensions: national culture, organizational culture and individual stand-alone values.
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Rosa, Gonzalez Juan Miguel. "The influence of expatriation on self-concept and identity: Spanish self-initiated expatriate and repatriate nurses in Germany." Thesis, Griffith University, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/414286.
Full textAbstract:
This research program explores the experiences of Spanish self-initiated expatriate (SIE) nurses in Germany and repatriated from Germany, aiming to understand how they perceive the influence of expatriation on their self-concept and identity. Expatriation usually implies a context of decreased sources of social validation, due to the disruption in expatriates’ environment. The process of adjusting to a novel sociocultural setting can pose challenges to the self-concept and to the identities that sustain it, while also providing opportunities for personal development. Despite the relevance of identity for psychological well-being, the implications of expatriation for expatriates’ self-concept and identities remain an under-researched topic in the field.
The present research investigates this issue from a constructivist paradigm and through qualitative methodology. It is based in literature on expatriation and identity, and employs, as method of data collection, semi-structured interviews with Spanish SIE nurses in Germany (n=20); Spanish nurses repatriated from Germany (n=10); and key informants (KIs) from private and public organisations (n=7). The research program comprises three studies. Study One explores the perceptions of KIs who are knowledgeable of the context of Spanish SIE nurses in Germany. Study Two focuses on Spanish SIE nurses in Germany and repatriated from Germany, exploring their expatriation experiences in detail. Finally, Study Three focuses on a group of participants from Study Two, aiming to understand how the COVID-19 pandemic affected their experiences.
The research program addresses the research aim through five research questions:
RQ1 – How do the motives for self-initiated expatriation and the pre-departure information of Spanish SIE nurses in Germany affect their expatriation experience?
RQ2 – How do cross-cultural interactions affect self-conceptions of Spanish SIE nurses in Germany?
RQ3 – How does the expatriation experience affect the perceived personal development of Spanish SIE nurses in Germany?
RQ4 – What are the push/pull forces affecting the intentions of Spanish SIE nurses in Germany regarding continued expatriation/repatriation?
RQ5 – How did the COVID-19 pandemic affect the expatriation experience of Spanish SIE nurses in Germany? The findings show that low proficiency in the host country language (HCL) and the challenging workplace interactions that ensued, threatened both the self-concept and the professional identity of the Spanish nurses. Employment in lower skilled or unskilled nursing jobs in Germany posed further challenges to their role identity. The language barrier and perceived cultural differences prompted their reliance on social networks of fellow Spaniards, mostly other nurses, from whom they obtained social validation. Over time, the participants’ higher proficiency in the HCL led to increased positive feedback in the workplace, which together with perceptions of personal growth and achievement, enabled them to rebuild positive self-conceptions and validate their professional identity. An important outcome of the expatriation experience was the nurses perceived themselves as stronger, self-confident, and resilient, after overcoming challenges in Germany. The nurses’ motivation for self-initiated expatriation, based on the strong push of unemployment in Spain, impacted negatively on their experiences in Germany, as they were not proactive in acquiring reliable pre-departure information (RQ1). This, in turn, translated into unrealistic expectations regarding living and working conditions in Germany, which contributed to the challenges posed by language barriers and unskilled nursing positions. The nurses’ low proficiency in the HCL translated into challenging workplace interactions, which threatened their positive self-conceptions, while perceived cultural differences between home and host countries reinforced cultural identity salience amongst the participants (RQ2).
The research found that restored positive self-conceptions and a strong perception of personal growth and achievement enabled personal identity development (RQ3). Family in the home country was the main pull force for repatriation amongst the Spanish nurses, together with cultural differences, home country lifestyle and the possibility to work in their first language, while the main pull force for continued expatriation was professional and financial stability in the host country (RQ4). Finally, the nurses experienced a psychological burden due to an information overload about the impact of COVID-19 in Spain, concern regarding their families in the home country, and travel restrictions (RQ5). Nevertheless, the pandemic reinforced the participants’ intention to continue their expatriation, due to their perceptions of personal safety in the host country, and negative appraisal of job and economic prospects in Spain. This research program contributes to theory building on the influence of expatriation on self-concept and identity, by showing the effects of low proficiency in the HCL and unskilled positions on self-conceptions and role identity, the salience of cultural identity in the face of cultural differences, and personal development during expatriation. The results provide evidence of the connection between language and identity in the context of expatriation, underlining how language influences self-conceptions and social identification. Together with providing insights into identity outcomes of expatriation, the research extends current understanding of SIEs’ experiences, which are still less known than those of Assigned Expatriates (AEs). Specifically, it studies a group of SIEs in the type of professional roles that expatriation literature has tended to overlook, and shows how their experiences differ from those of high-status SIEs from highly developed countries. In terms of practical implications, the findings allow recommendations for SIEs and the organisations involved with them to be advanced. The results underline the need to ensure that SIEs acquire reliable pre-departure information and achieve sufficient HCL proficiency before entering the host country workplace. Furthermore, cross-cultural training for SIEs and HCNs could promote cultural awareness amongst multinational teams, thus buffering the effects of cultural differences in workplace interactions.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Dept Bus Strategy & Innovation
Griffith Business School
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Novillo, Perez Cecilio Jose, and Perez Cecilio Jose Novillo. "La Movida Madrileña and the Rock Radical Vasco as Political and Social Agents in Post-Franco Spain: Their influence on Popular Musical Practices of 21st-Century Spain." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/626715.
Full textAbstract:
In Spain, the era of political transition to democracy known as La Transición during the 1970s and 1980s led to changes in Spanish popular music (i.e., pop, rock, punk) which became the musical representation of the new democracy’s social and political changes. Two different musical movements of that period, La Movida Madrileña and Rock Radical Vasco, established boundaries between official mainstream music and its musical counterculture counterpart, underground, and subversive musical practices within Spanish democracy. This thesis examines the nature of those musical practices, their song lyrics, and their social and political interpretations, including their influence on current musical practices.
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Castillo, Manuel M. "ITALIAN AND SPANISH INFLUENCE ON SELECTED WORKS OF MEXICAN COMPOSERS: MARÍA GREVER, IGNACIO FERNÁNDEZ ESPERÓN “TATA NACHO,” AND AGUSTÍN LARA." UKnowledge, 2014. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/music_etds/32.
Full textAbstract:
The last decades of the 19th Century and the first decades of the 20th Century encompass a revolutionary movement worldwide. The growth and advances throughout all disciplines of study and especially the collaboration across Literature, Music, Performing Arts, Culture and Politics became stronger and more evident than ever before.
As the Mexican Revolution (1910) developed in frightening fights, the country became increasingly insecure and violent. It was the duty of the living artist to create pathways to escape reality, embellishing the surroundings with its music, paintings and poetry. This climate is what paved the way to the bohemian living-style that developed in the main cities gaining power and acceptance, especially in Mexico City.
Maria Grever, Tata Nacho and Agustín Lara represent a handful of composers/performers who wrote in the style of canciones contributing to the ideal of stability, hope and love in all forms and fashions. They represent the complexity of an era thru an outpouring of songs, depicting the romanticism of Mexico's ever changing times. They are also key figures for the growth and expansion of Mexican music throughout the world, aided by the technological advances such as the first recordings and radio broadcasting.
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Iyescas, Kenneth Javier. "DUENDE: FOUR PRELUDES FOR SYMPHONIC WIND ENSEMBLE BY LUIS SERRANO ALARCÓN: CONDUCTOR’S GUIDE, SPANISH HISTORICAL BACKGROUND AND INFLUENCE." UKnowledge, 2017. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/music_etds/92.
Full textAbstract:
Luis Serrano Alarcón is one of the most important and relevant composers of our time. He is sought after as a composer, lecturer, and conductor throughout the world. His works have been performed in over 30 countries worldwide by some of the leading musical ensembles in the United States, Europe, and Asia, as well as being highly decorated by winning many prestigious composition contests including the International Band Competition Contest of Corciano, Italy.
Born in Valencia, Spain, Alarcón is relatively self-taught in composition, which is a testament to his natural-born gift for composition. His compositional output ranges from the traditional Spanish pasodoble to chamber music, solo pieces, and sophisticated masterpieces for orchestra and wind ensemble.
His work Duende: Four Preludes for Symphonic Wind Ensemble was commissioned by the University of St. Thomas Wind Ensemble, Minnesota (USA) in 2010. From its premiere, it became an extremely popular piece among wind band conductors. Duende’s appeal can be attributed to its fusion of Spanish popular music, the symphonic energy of Manuel de Falla’s scores, Iberia by the Spanish composer Isaac Albeniz, and the presence of jazz and Latin music.
A detailed conductor’s guide will be provided in this document that includes but not limited to an analysis of form and structure for each movement, conducting considerations, and rehearsal suggestions and techniques. Last but not least, an in-depth exploration into the composer’s background, Spanish musical influences, and the Spanish Band movement and traditions has been conducted. Through this process, an uncovering of intriguing and relevant points of interest have come to the surface. Alarcón’s music sounds the way it does and appeals to the masses because of the juxtaposition of its infectious, Spanish musical elements, as well as its traditional symphonic music components. Moreover, the long and historical past, culture, and traditions of Spanish Bands creates an enormous influence and motivation to compose for the wind band genre. More than two-thirds of all municipalities in Valencia, Spain have musical societies that serve as sponsors for the bands and other ensembles, provide music education, and function as a social center to the townspeople. They are also supported by the Valencian Federation of Musical Societies, all branches of government, the business community, and the media. The musical ensembles participate in both non-competitive and competitive performance activities. Non-competitive performances include concerts, wind band festivals, honor bands, and massed bands. Wind band competitions are sponsored at the municipal, provincial, regional, and international levels. Many of these performance types are combined for special celebrations like patron saint holidays, including Las Fallas and Moros y Cristianos.
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Coo, Stéphanie Marie R. "Clothing and the colonial culture of appearances in nineteenth century Spanish Philippines (1820-1896)." Thesis, Nice, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014NICE2028/document.
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L’objectif de cette recherche est de reconstituer la culture ou les cultures vestimentaire(s) dans les Philippines espagnoles au XIXe siècle et de mettre en exergue l’importance du vêtement dans cette société coloniale. Cette étude explore les interactions, uniques et complexes, entre le vêtement et les apparences, d’une part, et, d’autre part, les catégories raciales, sociales et culturelles dans le contexte des changements sociaux, culturels et économiques qui sont intervenus entre 1820 et 1896. L’objectif est de restituer la vie coloniale en s’appuyant sur le vêtement dans la mesure où il permet d’aborder de nombreux problèmes raciaux, sociaux, économiques et de genre qui agitent les Philippines de cette époque. Pour la première fois, l’étude des vêtements est ici utilisée pour comprendre les changements socio-culturels et économiques qui sont intervenus dans la société coloniale des Philippines au XIXe siècle. Les différents groupes raciaux et sociaux philippins sous domination espagnole sont analysés à travers leurs vêtements. Cette étude des pratiques vestimentaires aux Philippines s’inscrit dans le contexte d'une société coloniale pluriethnique et pluriculturelle. Après des siècles de colonisations, les Philippines du XIXe siècle étaient – et, dans une certaine mesure, restent – un amalgame de cultures autochtone, occidentale et chinoise. L’analyse des pratiques vestimentaires comme élément de l’histoire coloniale s’inscrit, plus largement, dans l’étude des interactions culturelles, des modes de vie coloniaux, des relations humaines et des comportements sociaux. Le vêtement et les apparences ont été analysés avec l’objectif de mieux comprendre les hiérarchies ethniques, sociales et de genre à cette époque. Cette recherche prétend dépasser les frontières académiques entre les catégories des études philippines, de l’histoire coloniale et de l’étude du vêtementThe purpose of this research is to reconstruct the clothing culture of 19th century Spanish Philippines and to discover the importance of dress in Philippine colonial society. This study explores the unique and complex interplay of clothing and appearance with race, class and culture in the context of the social, cultural and economic changes that took place between 1820 and 1896. The objective is to recreate an impression of colonial life by turning to clothes to provide insights on a wide range of race, class, gender and economic issues. For the first time, this uses the study of clothing to understand the socio-cultural and economic changes that took place in 19th century Philippine colonial society. The different racial and social groups of the Philippines under Spanish colonization were analyzed in light of their clothing. This locates the study of Philippine clothing practices in the context of a multi-ethnic, multi-cultural colonial society. After centuries of colonization, 19th century Philippines was – and continues to be- an amalgam of indigenous, Western and Chinese cultures. This study of clothing practices as an element of colonial life points to a broader study of cultural interactions, colonial lifestyles, human relations and social behavior. Clothing and appearance were analyzed to understand the ethnic, social and gender hierarchies of that period. This work crosses the frontiers between the disciplines of Philippine studies, colonial history and costume studies
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Acuna, Maria Virgina. "Politics and foreign influence in the development of Spanish court theatrical music with a study of composer Sebastian Duron (1660-1716)." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/26230.
Full textAbstract:
The composer Sebastián Durón (1660–1716), who lived in a period of political and cultural transition spanning two antagonistic monarchic dynasties, was one of the most controversial musical figures of his time. Early in his career as a musician at the court of Charles II (1665-1700), the last Spanish Habsburg, he wrote theatrical music in the style established before him during the reign of Philip IV (1621-65). However, later during the reign of Philip V (1700-46), the first Spanish Bourbon, Durón composed theatrical music influenced by the new foreign musical idioms introduced in Madrid.
Commentators have always taken into account politics and foreign influence when interpreting the theatrical music of the baroque period judging that the music by later musicians under foreign influence represents a decline and a loss of national music identity. In addition, the controversial concept of the Spanish political-economic decline has found its way into music historiography. It is perhaps for this reason that Durón’s music is treated rather obscurely as having arisen during a transitional period, both politically and musically. Two other factors contributing to the marginal status of Durón in the history of music are that little of his music has been published, and Spanish music as a whole has received relatively little attention from North American musicologists.
The aim of this study is to examine the development of theatrical music in Madrid during the late seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries acknowledging Sebastián Durón’s important contribution to the genre. Three works, each representing a different period in the life of the composer as well as a different political period in Spain, will be analyzed. I will argue that the idea of decline mentioned in connection with politics and economy cannot be applied in all fields. On the contrary, the political turmoil of the time paradoxically contributed to the development of theatrical music in the hands of Durón.
By assimilating foreign musical elements and developing the Spanish manner, Durón achieved an unprecedented synthesis of diverse textures, forms, and musical style that epitomize the pinnacle in Spanish theatrical music of the baroque period.
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Baron, Birchenall Leonardo Francisco. "Influence of sentence-level rhythmic regularity and phonological phrasing on linguistic accommodation during conversational interactions : the case of Spanish speaking dyads." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0517/document.
Full textAbstract:
Cette thèse a deux objectifs principaux. En premier lieu, on voudrait offrir un aperçu des connaissances académiques actuelles, tant théoriques qu'empiriques, des processus d’accommodation linguistique entre interlocuteurs, au sens général, et des caractéristiques rythmiques de la langue espagnole, en particulier. En second lieu, on présente deux études empiriques conçues pour analyser l’influence de la régularité rythmique au niveau des phrases et de l’arrangement phonologique sur les processus d’accommodation linguistique. Dans l'ensemble, les données rassemblées dans cette thèse indiquent que les phrases avec un rythme régulier, disposées en groupes accentuels, produisent une plus grande ressemblance entre les hispanophones en matière de rythme et de l’étendue de la F0, par rapport aux phrases avec un rythme irrégulier et aux phrases disposées en pieds accentuels. De plus, certains faits connus concernant les femmes ayant une moyenne de F0 supérieure, une étendue de F0 plus large, et un débit de parole plus lent quant aux hommes ont également été observés au cours de la première expérience. En outre, une valeur inférieure de la moyenne de F0 et une étendue de F0 plus étroite ont été observées lors de l’utilisation de phrases avec un rythme régulier et de phrases disposées en groupes accentuels, par rapport aux conditions expérimentales opposées. En ce qui concerne la tâche de perception, les phrases des dyades mixtes ont été notées de manière plus similaire les unes aux autres par rapport aux phrases des dyades de femmes et des dyades d’hommes (parmi d'autres résultats trouvés)This thesis has two principal aims. In the first place, we would like to offer an overview of the current academic knowledge, both theoretical and empirical, of the processes of linguistic accommodation between interlocutors, in a general sense, and of the rhythmic characteristics of the Spanish language, in particular. In the second place, we present two empirical studies designed to analyze the influence of sentence-level rhythmic regularity and phonological phrasing on the processes of linguistic accommodation. Taken together, the data gathered in this thesis indicate that regular rhythmic sentences, arranged in accentual groups, generate a greater amount of resemblance between Spanish speakers in terms of rhythm and F0 range, with respect to irregular rhythmic sentences and sentences arranged in accentual feet. Moreover, a lower value of F0 mean and a narrower F0 range were observed during the use of both regular rhythmic sentences and sentences arranged in accentual groups compared to the opposite conditions. In addition, some known facts related to women having a higher F0 mean, a wider F0 range, and speaking slower regarding men were also found during the first experiment. As for the perceptual task, sentences of mixed dyads were rated more similar to each other with respect to sentences of female only and male only dyads (among other patterns found)
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Child, Michael W. "Cross-Linguistic Influence in L3 Portuguese Acquisition: Language Learning Perceptions and the Knowledge and Transfer of Mood Distinctions by Three Groups of English-Spanish Bilinguals." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/333340.
Full textAbstract:
Interest in Portuguese has steadily increased over the last decade in universities across both North and South America (Carvalho 2002, 2011), principally among Spanish speakers. Generally speaking, Portuguese for Spanish-speakers courses have been designed around the theory that Spanish-speaking students will benefit from cross-linguistic influence (CLI, or transfer) due to the typological similarity that exists between Portuguese and Spanish (see Júdice, 2000). Related to this, the Typological Primacy Model, or TPM (Rothman, 2011), states that CLI in L3 acquisition principally comes from the language that is perceived to be typologically similar to the target language (psycho-typology, see Kellerman, 1983), resulting in both positive and negative transfer. Although there is a high degree of typological similarity between Spanish and Portuguese, it is unknown whether or not this linguistic proximity is equally salient to all learners and whether or not learners view this linguistic proximity as an advantage or a disadvantage when learning Portuguese. Furthermore, some studies have suggested that the context in which one's Spanish is acquired may play a role in the different types of CLI evident among different Spanish-speaking learners of Portuguese (e.g., Carvalho & da Silva, 2006; Johnson, 2004; Koike & Gualda, 2008). Consequently, Carvalho (2002, 2011) has called for more empirical evidence to shed light on the nature of CLI between Spanish and Portuguese. This dissertation, consisting of three main studies, seeks to answer this call by examining the effects of language background on L3 Portuguese acquisition among three groups of Spanish-speaking bilinguals: L1 Spanish (L1S) bilinguals, L2 Spanish (L2S) bilinguals, and heritage speakers of Spanish (HS bilinguals). Results from both quantitative and qualitative analyses of questionnaire data from the first study suggest that although all participants view Spanish as the principal source of CLI in L3 Portuguese acquisition, L2S bilinguals and HS bilinguals perceive the role of Spanish as significantly more facilitative when learning Portuguese than do L1S bilinguals. The second and third studies used a sentence completion task and a preference/grammaticality judgment task (see Ayoun, 2000) to measure bilingual students' knowledge of mood distinctions in Spanish in obligatory and non-obligatory contexts, respectively, and how they transfer that knowledge to Portuguese. Results indicate that the L2S group scored significantly lower on both measures of mood distinctions in obligatory contexts in Spanish, but transferred over more of their knowledge to Portuguese than either the L1S or HS groups. Similarly, results suggest that L2S bilinguals do not understand the variable nature of mood distinctions in non-obligatory environments, but show almost identical strategies of mood selection in both Spanish and Portuguese. In contrast, L1S and HS bilinguals display knowledge of the variable nature of mood distinctions in Spanish in these contexts but show marked differences in mood selection between the Spanish and Portuguese tasks. The results of these studies contribute to L3 acquisition literature by emphasizing the complexity involved in determining the role of the background languages in CLI and by highlighting the importance of the context of acquisition in CLI. In addition, the results provide more empirical evidence regarding the differences between how different groups of Spanish-speaking bilinguals transfer their knowledge when acquiring L3 Portuguese.
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Simpson, Hope W. "The Invention and Impacts of Hell’s Atmosphere: A Study of the Influence of Sartrean Themes in Two Plays by Alfonso Sastre." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2013. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/168.
Full textAbstract:
In this thesis I will discuss the influence of Sartrean themes found in Jean-Paul Sartre’s plays: No Exit (Huis clos), Les Mouches (The Flies), and Dirty Hands (Les Mains sales), on the theater of Alfonso Sastre, particularly in the plays: Death Squad (Escuadra hacia la muerte), and In the Net (En la red). In No Exit, the famous quote “Hell is other people,” sets the standard for what type of discussion Sartre initiates in his theater. I will compare the historical context and the Hells that Sartre and Sastre both experienced during their time as active playwrights and how this influences the Hellish environments the two playwrights create for their characters in each of their plays. Following this study of context, I will compare the diabolical atmospheres created in the plays, how they are created and their impacts on the characters and text.
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Andria, Maria. "Crosslinguistic influence in the acquisition of Greek as a foreign language by Spanish/Catalan L1 learners: The role of proficiency and stays abroad." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/285452.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of the present study is to investigate the influence of first language (L1) patterns on the acquisition of Greek as a foreign language (L2) by Spanish/Catalan L1 learners, as well as to determine whether L2 proficiency level and stays in the target- language country have an effect on such influence. More specifically, the current study aims to explore an under-researched crosslinguistic phenomenon which concerns the expression of EXPERIENTIAL STATES. In Spanish and Catalan, EXPERIENTIAL STATES tend to be expressed by means of periphrases composed by the verbs tener/tenir (“to have”), dar/donar (“to give”) or hacer/fer (“to make”) and a noun, whereas in Greek the equivalent experience tends to be expressed with a single verb (experiential verbs) (e.g., tener hambre/ tenir gana vs. πεινάω /pináo/ “to be hungry”, me da vergüenza/ em fa vergonya vs. ντρέπομαι /drépome/ “to feel embarrassed”). Native speakers of different languages tend to describe the same events or thought using different thinking-for-speaking patterns (Berman & Sloman, 1994). These patterns acquired in childhood tend to be resistant to reconstruction in adult Second Language Acquisition (SLA) (Slobin, 1991, 1993, 1996a), and are often transferred by L2 learners (Cadierno, 2004, 2008, 2010; Han & Cadierno, 2010). Following this line of inquiry, the present study aims to examine whether the dissimilarity in the L1-L2 patterns regarding the construal of the EXPERIENTIAL STATE (Langacker, 2008a) will result in cases of crosslinguistic influence (CLI). The present study takes as a point of departure Cognitive Linguistics’ recent application to SLA studies (Cadierno, 2004; Cadierno & Lund, 2004; Robinson & Ellis, 2008a; Tyler, 2012a). It also discusses its hypotheses and findings in light of conceptualization transfer (Jarvis, 2007, 2011) and the thinking-for-speaking hypothesis (Slobin, 1991, 1993, 1996a).
The participants (N=114) were Spanish/Catalan L1 learners of Greek in a formal language setting in Spain. They belonged to five different proficiency levels (from A2 to B2.2 according to the Common European Framework of Reference) and had experienced stays in Greece of various durations. Native speakers of Greek (N=30) were also recruited to provide a baseline for comparison. A battery of instruments (including a grammaticality judgment test (GJT), a written description task, an oral description task, a questionnaire and interviews with the teachers of the language schools under analysis) were designed first-hand for the purposes of the study. Both quantitative and qualitative analyses were performed.
The results of the analyses demonstrated that there were significant differences in the way Spanish/Catalan learners of Greek and Greek native speakers construed the EXPERIENTIAL STATES under analysis. Even at advanced proficiency levels, traces of L1 influence were still detected, and the divergence with the native speakers was still significant. This finding suggests that the acquisition of these verbs constitutes a problematic area for Spanish/Catalan learners of Greek. L2 proficiency appeared to be important mainly for the low proficiency levels. L1 influence decreased as proficiency increased. Nevertheless, for the higher proficiency levels in the sample, proficiency did not play such a determining role, since significant differences were not found among these levels. Results indicated that the acquisition of experiential verbs progresses linearly up to a certain level and then stabilizes. The study also showed certain task effects, in the sense that CLI was more clearly exhibited in the recognition task (GJT) than in the production tasks. Stays in the target-language country were found to be beneficial for the acquisition of the patterns under analysis. Participants who had spent more time in Greece were more aware of the target forms and showed fewer instances of L1 transfer. However, the impact of stays abroad was more apparent in the case of pattern recognition (as measured in the GJT), than in the case of actual production (as measured in the picture description tasks). This doctoral dissertation concludes by suggesting that explicit instruction of the patterns under analysis (i.e., direct crosslinguistic comparisons in order to sensitize learners’ awareness) and/or the combination of formal instruction “at-home” with stays in the target language country could potentially lead to a better acquisition of the experiential verbs under study.El objetivo del presente estudio es investigar la influencia de patrones de la primera lengua (L1) en la adquisición del griego como lengua extranjera (L2) por hablantes nativos de español y catalán, así como también determinar si tanto el nivel de dominio de la lengua, como las estancias en el país nativo de la misma tienen algún efecto en dicha influencia. Más específicamente, el presente estudio se centra en explorar un fenómeno escasamente investigado sobre la influencia entre lenguas que concierne la expresión del ESTADO EXPERIENCIAL. En español y catalán, ciertos ESTADOS EXPERIENCIALES suelen expresarse por medio de perífrasis verbales mientras que en griego tienden a expresarse con un solo verbo (verbos experienciales). Los hablantes nativos de diferentes idiomas tienden a describir los mismos eventos o pensamientos usando diferentes patrones de “pensar para hablar” (thinking-for- speaking) (Berman & Sloman, 1994). Estos patrones adquiridos durante la infancia tienden a ser reacios a reconstruirse en la adquisición de segundas lenguas en la edad adulta (SLA) (Slobin, 1991, 1993, 1996a), y son frecuentemente transferidos por aprendices de la segunda lengua (Cadierno, 2004, 2008, 2010; Han & Cadierno, 2010). Siguiendo esta línea de investigación, el presente estudio tiene el objetivo de examinar si la disparidad entre los patrones de la primera lengua y la segunda con respecto al constructo del ESTADO EXPERIENCIAL (Langacker, 2008a) da lugar a casos de influencia entre lenguas (Crosslinguistic Influence). El presente estudio toma como punto de partida la aplicación reciente de la lingüística cognitiva a los estudios de adquisición de segundas lenguas (Cadierno, 2004; Cadierno & Lund, 2004; Robinson & Ellis, 2008a; Tyler, 2012a). Asimismo, se analizan las hipótesis y los resultados a la luz de la transferencia de conceptualización (conceptualization transfer) (Jarvis, 2007, 2011) y la hipótesis del “pensar para hablar” (Slobin, 1991, 1993, 1996a). Los participantes (N=114) eran estudiantes de griego con L1 español o catalán en un contexto lingüístico formal en España. Pertenecían a cinco niveles de competencia diferentes (desde el A2 al B2.2 según el Marco de Referencia Europeo de Lenguas) y habían tenido experiencias de estancias en Grecia de diferentes duraciones. También se incluyeron hablantes nativos de griego (N=30) con el fin de proporcionar una base para la comparación. Los instrumentos empleados en esta tesis fueron diseñados de primera mano para cumplir con los objetivos del estudio. Los resultados de los análisis han demostrado que existen diferencias significativas en la manera en que los estudiantes de griego con L1 español/catalan y los hablantes nativos de griego interpretan los ESTADOS EXPERIENCIALES objeto de análisis. Incluso en los niveles avanzados, se detectaron indicios de influencia de la primera lengua, y la divergencia con los hablantes nativos fue muy significativa. Este resultado sugiere que la adquisición de estos verbos constituye un área problemática para los estudiantes de griego con L1 español/catalan. El nivel de dominio del idioma parece ser importante principalmente para los niveles bajos. Los resultados han indicado que la adquisición de los verbos experienciales progresa de una manera lineal hasta un cierto nivel y luego se estabiliza. Se ha descubierto que las estancias en el país de la lengua meta son ventajosas para la adquisición de los patrones objeto de estudio. La presente tesis doctoral concluye sugiriendo que la instrucción explícita de los patrones objeto de estudio (p.ej., las comparaciones directas de influencia entre lenguas) y/o la combinación de instrucción formal “en casa” y estancias en el país de lengua meta podrían conducir de una manera potencial a una mejor adquisición de los verbos experienciales objeto de estudio.
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Villalonga, Olives Ester. "The Influence of multiple determinants on health related quality of life and mental health of a Spanish representative sample of adolescents and youths." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/82131.
Full textAbstract:
The thesis is based on the Kidscreen Follow-up study. A representative sample of
Spanish adolescents and youths and one of their parents were assessed twice (3 years
apart) to evaluate adolescents and youths health related quality of life and mental
health. The specific objectives of this thesis were to assess the effect of life events,
and family and social variables (parents' mental health and home life) on three
different health related outcomes: heath related quality of life, mental health, and
psychosomatic complaints of adolescents and youths. The Coddington Life Events
Scales were adapted into Spanish using the translation and back-translation process.
Multiple linear regression and structural equation modelling were used to analyze the
effect of the determinants selected. Life events and parents' mental health acted as
risk factors for the outcomes selected, specially on mental health outcomes, whereas
family factors like the relation with family members in home life were protective
factors. Social factors inside the family should be promoted and reinforced to protect
adolescents and youths from the effect of risk factors.Aquesta tesi és part de l'estudi KIDSCREEN Follow-up. Utilitzant una mostra representativa d'adolescents i joves de l'estat espanyol, es van mesurar diferents aspectes relacionats amb la salut, avaluant la mostra dues vegades (amb una separació de 3 anys). Concretament, l'objectiu de la tesi va ser avaluar l'efecte dels aconteixements vitals i factors familiars i socials (salut mental dels pares i vida familiar) en tres resultats en salut: la qualitat de vida relacionada amb la salut, la salut mental i els problemes psicosomàtics dels adolescents i joves. Per això, es va adaptar l'escala Coddington Life Events Scales seguint la metodologia de traducció-retrotraducció. Es van utilizar models de regressió i models d'equacions estructurals per analitzar l'efecte dels determinants en salut. Els aconteixements vitals i la salut mental dels pares van ser dos factors de risc importants, especialment en la salut mental dels adolescents i joves. Per altra banda, les variables familiars com la relació dels membres de la família van actuar com a factors protectors. La cohesió dels membres de la família s'ha de promoure per tal de protegir els adolescents i joves de l'efecte de factors de risc.
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Lemus, Sarmiento Aura. "Spanglish. Les variations linguistiques dans l’espagnol des États-Unis." Thesis, Paris 4, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA040176/document.
Full textAbstract:
Les situations de contact de populations impliquent des dynamiques sociales, culturelles et linguistiques, dont les protagonistes ne sortent pas indemnes. C’est le cas des Hispaniques aux États-Unis, dont le contact avec la culture états-unienne a favorisé l'apparition d’une culture mixte et d’un phénomène linguistique connu sous le nom de spanglish. Le spanglish évoque tour à tour des questions linguistiques, culturelles, sociales et politiques, et l’objectif de ce travail est d’élucider ses implications dans le domaine de la linguistique. Ainsi, cette étude s’intéresse aux transferts de l’anglais dans l’espagnol états-unien et à la manière dont ces variations répondent aux paramètres du système. L’analyse menée dans ce travail s’inscrit dans la suite des études linguistiques qui se sont intéressés à l’unicité du signe. Elle part ainsi du principe que les variations survenues dans l’espagnol états-unien sont signifiantes ; leur apparition dévoile des dynamiques inhérentes au système et remet en question le caractère immuable des facteurs culturels et linguistiques qui définissent la civilisation hispaniqueSituations of population contact imply social, cultural and linguistic dynamics from which the protagonists never remain unscathed. This is the case of Hispanics in the United States, whose contact with the US culture favored the development of a mixed culture and a linguistic phenomenon known as Spanglish. Spanglish evokes concurrently linguistic, social, cultural and political questions and the purpose of the present work is to elucidate its implications in linguistics. This study focuses on transfers from English into United States Spanish, and on how these variations obey the system’s parameters. The present analysis is the latest in a series of linguistic studies focused on the oneness of the sign. It is based on the principle that variations that appeared in United States Spanish are significant ; their emergence reveals the system’s inherent dynamics and challenges the immutable nature of the cultural and linguistic factors that define the Hispanic civilization
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Ben, Abbes Karima. "The acquisition of French morpho-syntactic properties : cross-linguistic influence in the learning of L3 French by Turkish/Spanish speakers who learned English as an L2." Thesis, University of Essex, 2016. http://repository.essex.ac.uk/19104/.
Full textAbstract:
Many studies have investigated third language acquisition (L3A) as an independent area of research. The core common interest of these studies has been to search for the source of cross-linguistic influence (CLI) among the previously acquired languages (i.e. L1 and L2) in the learning of an L3. In the domain of morpho-syntax, three competing hypotheses have emerged: one attributes a primary role to the L1 as the source of CLI (Jin, 2009; Hermas, 2014); a second proposes the L2 as the main source of transfer (Bardel and Falk, 2007; Falk and Bardel, 2011); while a third considers that the order of acquisition per se is not the significant factor triggering CLI in L3A, but rather the degree of typological proximity between the L1/L2 and the L3 (Rothman, 2011, 2013, 2015). This study set out to test these hypotheses in the learning of L3 French by two groups: L1 speakers of Spanish and L1 speakers of Turkish, both of whom had learned English as an L2. Each group was further sub-divided by their L2 proficiency into lower intermediates (LIs) and advanced (Adv). Using a ‘mixed methods approach’ consisting of quantitative and qualitative instruments, the acquisition of four morpho-syntactic properties was investigated: (i) Gender, (ii) Number Concord, (iii) Definiteness/Specificity and (iv) Verb Raising. Results were consistent with the proposal of Rothman (2011, 2013, 2015); (psycho)typological proximity seems indeed to be a determining factor triggering CLI in L3A. However, unlike Rothman, who always advocates holistic typological proximity, this study found evidence for CLI based on property-by-property structural similarity. In particular, it is argued that in the absence of clear holistic typological similarity, structural similarity on a property-by-property basis (actual and perceived) is the driving variable for CLI at the initial state of L3A. These findings led to the proposal of a new model entitled the property-based structural proximity (PSP) hypothesis.
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Rueda-Roa, Digna Tibisay. "On the spatial and temporal variability of upwelling in the southern Caribbean Sea and its influence on the ecology of phytoplankton and of the Spanish sardine (Sardinella aurita)." Scholar Commons, 2012. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/4217.
Full textAbstract:
The Southern Caribbean Sea experiences a strong upwelling process along the coast from about 61°W to 75.5°W and 10-13°N. In this dissertation three aspects of this upwelling system are examined: (A) A mid-year secondary upwelling that was previously observed in the southeastern Caribbean Sea between June-July, when land based stations show a decrease in wind speed. The presence and effects of this upwelling along the whole southern Caribbean upwelling system were evaluated, as well as the relative forcing contribution of alongshore winds (Ekman Transport, ET) and wind-curl (Ekman Pumping, EP). (B) Stronger upwelling occurs in two particular regions, namely the eastern (63-65°W) and western (70-73°W) upwelling areas. However, the eastern area has higher fish biomass than the western area (78% and 18%, respectively, of the total small pelagic biomass of the southern Caribbean upwelling system). The upwelling dynamics along the southern Caribbean margin was studied to understand those regional variations on fish biomass. (C) The most important fishery in the eastern upwelling area off Venezuela is the Spanish sardine (Sardinella aurita). The sardine artisanal fishery is protected and only takes place up to ~10 km offshore. The effects of the upwelling cycle on the spatial distribution of S. aurita were studied. The main sources of data were satellite observations of sea surface temperature (SST), chlorophyll-a (Chl) and wind (ET and EP), in situ observations from the CARIACO Ocean Time-Series program, sardine biomass from 8 hydroacoustics surveys (1995-1998), and temperature profiles from the World Ocean Atlas 2005 used to calculate the depth of the Subtropical Underwater core (traced by the 22°C isotherm). The most important results of the study were as follows:
(A) The entire upwelling system has a mid-year upwelling event between June-August, besides the primary upwelling process of December-April. This secondary event is short-lived (~5 weeks) and ~1.5°C warmer than the primary upwelling. Together, both upwelling events lead to about 8 months of cooler waters (-3, averaged from the coast to 100 km offshore) in the region. Satellite nearshore wind (~25 km offshore) remained high in the eastern upwelling area (> 6 m s-1) and had a maximum in the western area (~10 m s-1) producing high offshore ET during the mid-year upwelling (vertical transport of 2.4 - 3.8 m3 s-1 per meter of coastline, for the eastern and western areas, respectively). Total coastal upwelling transport was mainly caused by ET (~90%). However, at a regional scale, there was intensification of the wind curl during June as well; as a result open-sea upwelling due to EP causes isopycnal shoaling of deeper waters enhancing the coastal upwelling.
(B) The eastern and western upwelling areas had upwelling favorable winds all year round. Minimum / maximum offshore ET (from weekly climatologies) were 1.52 / 4.36 m3 s-1 per meter, for the western upwelling area; and 1.23 / 2.63 m3 s-1 per meter, for the eastern area. The eastern and western upwelling areas showed important variations in their upwelling dynamics. Annual averages in the eastern area showed moderate wind speeds (6.12 m s-1), shallow 22°C isotherm (85 m), cool SSTs (25.24°C), and phytoplankton biomass of 1.65 mg m-3. The western area has on average stronger wind speeds (8.23 m s-1) but a deeper 22°C isotherm (115 m), leading to slightly warmer SSTs (25.53°C) and slightly lower phytoplankton biomass (1.15 mg m-3). We hypothesize that the factors that most inhibits fish production in the western upwelling area are the high level of wind-induced turbulence and the strong offshore ET.
(C) Hydroacoustics values of Sardinella aurita biomass (sAsardine) and the number of small pelagics schools collected in the eastern upwelling region off northeast Venezuela were compared with environmental variables (satellite products of SST, SST gradients, and Chl -for the last two cruises-) and spatial variables (distance to upwelling foci and longitude-latitude). These data were examined using Generalized Additive Models. During the strongest upwelling season (February-March) sAsardine was widely distributed in the cooler, Chl rich upwelling plumes over the wide (~70km) continental shelf. During the weakest upwelling season (September-October) sAsardine was collocated with the higher Chl (1-3 mg m-3) found within the first 10 km from the upwelling foci; this increases Spanish sardine availability (and possibly the catchability) for the artisanal fishery. These results imply that during prolonged periods of weak upwelling the environmentally stressed (due to food scarceness) Spanish sardine population would be closer to the coast and more available to the fishery, which could easily turn into overfishing. After two consecutive years of weak upwelling (2004-2005) Spanish sardine fishery crashed and as of 2011 has not recovered to previous yield; however during 2004 a historical capture peak occurred. We hypothesize that this Spanish sardine collapse was caused by a combination of sustained stressful environmental conditions and of overfishing, due to the increased catchability of the stock caused by aggregation of the fish in the cooler coastal upwelling cells during the anomalous warm upwelling season.
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Jacobson, Anna T. "Negotiating an identity, learning a school culture the influence of a school community's expectations on the development of a native-speaking Spanish teacher in a US public middle school /." [Bloomington, Ind.] : Indiana University, 2009. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3380087.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Indiana University, Dept. of Literacy, Culture, and Language Education, 2009.Title from PDF t.p. (viewed on Jul 13, 2010). Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 70-12, Section: A, page: 4606. Adviser: Martha Nyikos.
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Pizent, Petra. "Diálogos peninsulares: la presencia del español en el vocabulario portuguez e latino de Rafael Bluteau." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/21068.
Full textAbstract:
A dissertação intitulada Diálogos peninsulares: La presencia dei espano! en el Vocabulario Portuguez e Latino de Rafael Bluteau tem como objectivo demonstrar a influência do espanhol na nomenclatura de uma das mais importantes obras lexicográficas do Português. A parte introdutória trata de questões teóricas relativas à ciência lexicográfica e aos aspectos sócio-culturais e históricos da época em que o Vocabulário foi escrito. A parte central deste trabalho consiste no estudo prático das marcas do "mundo espanhol" presentes nesta obra monumental. Os resultados obtidos neste trabalho permitem evidenciar que o léxico é um testemunho fiel das relações culturais e linguísticas. Analisou-se o primeiro dicionário Castelhano-Português, que incorpora também o primeiro dicionário Português-Castelhano, além de alguns tratados interessantes que põem lado a lado as duas línguas da Península Ibérica. Demonstrou se que o lexicógrafo Sebastián de Covarrubias é o autor espanhol mais citado no Vocabulario, junto com outros lexicógrafos, literatos, homens de ciências e religiosos que, de uma maneira ou de outra, se relacionam com Espanha. Dedicou-se alguma atenção também às unidades às quais Bluteau atribui origem castelhana e às entradas referentes a diferentes campos lexicais que se relacionam ou têm que ver com o castelhano. Com esta dissertação pretendeu-se, em suma, trazer novos contributos para o conhecimento das relações interlinguísticas entre o Português e o Castelhano, bem como para o estudo das relações entre as respectivas tradições lexicográficas. - RESUMEN: y Latino de Rafael Bluteau pretende demostrar la influencia dei espano] en la nomenclatura de una de las obras lexicográficas más importantes dei portugués. La parte introductoria se ocupa de cuestiones teóricas relacionadas con la ciencia lexicográfica y con aspectos socioculturales e históricos de la época en que fue escrito el Vocabulario. La parte central de este trabajo consiste en el estudio práctico de las referencias al "mundo español" en esta obra monumental. Los resultados obtenidos en este trabajo permiten evidenciar que el léxico es un fiel testimonio de las relaciones culturales y linguísticas. Se analizó el primer diccionario castellano-portugués, que también incorpora el primer diccionario portugués-castellano, además de algunos tratados interesantes que ponen ai lado de las dos lenguas de la Península Ibérica. Se demostró que el lexicógrafo Sebastián de Covarrubias es e] autor espano] más citado en el Vocabulario, junto
con otros lexicógrafos, escritores, científicos y religiosos que, de una manera u otra, se refieren a Espana. También se dedicó cierta atención a las unidades a las cuales Bluteau atribuye un origen castellano y a los artículos de diferentes campos léxicos que se refieren o atafíen a la lengua castellana. Esta tesis tiene por objeto, en definitiva, aportar nuevas contribuciones ai conocimiento de las relaciones interlingüísticas entre el portugués y el castellano, así como para e! estudio de las relaciones entre las respectivas tradiciones lexicográficas. - ABSTRACT: The research presented in this thesis, entitled Diálogos peninsulares: La presencia dei espano/ en el Vocabulario Portuguez e Latino de Rafael Bluteau (Peninsular dialogues: The presence of Spanish in the dictionary Vocabulario Portuguez e Latino by Rafael Bluteau) focuses on the influence of Spanish in the nomenclature of one of the most important early lexicographical works of the Portuguese language featuring an in-depth analysis of the Portuguese-Latin dictionary Vocabulario Portuguez e Latino by Rafael Bluteau. The introductory part deals with the theoretical questions about the science of lexicography and the sociocultural and historical aspects of the time when the Vocabulario was written. The central part of the thesis consists of an analysis of the traces of the "Spanish world" that can be found in this monumental work. The findings thus corroborate the view of the vocabulary system as a faithful reflection of the cultural and linguistic relationships. ln terms of comparison we also analyzed the first earliest known Castilian-Portuguese dictionary that includes a Portuguese Castilian part, which is also the first of its kind. Other sources discussed in the thesis include several contrastive documents that put side by side the two languages of the lberian Península. lt has been shown that the lexicographer Sebastian de Covarrubias is the most quoted Spanish author in the Vocabulario, beside other lexicographers, writers, scientists and religious men who are in one way or another related to Spain. ln the thesis some attention has been paid to the dictionary entries that were marked as Castilian in origin by Bluteau as well to the entries from various lexical fields that are known to be related from Spanish. The main goal of the thesis is to shed new light onto the intricate world of interligual relationships between the Portuguese and Spanish languages and their respective lexicographical traditions.
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Campos-Serna, Javier 1974. "Gender inequalities in occupational health: a systematic literature review and the influence of the welfare state regime and the occupational social class throughout the Spanish and the European working conditions surveys." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/129744.
Full textAbstract:
Esta tesis doctoral está basada en la identificación de las desigualdades de género en salud laboral descritas en la literatura científica, así como en el análisis de las desigualdades de género en la población ocupada en España y Europa, y como estas desigualdades se ven influenciadas por la clase social ocupacional, el sector de actividad de la empresa y el estado del bienestar. En primer lugar, se identificaron las desigualdades de género en la exposición a los riesgos laborales derivados de las condiciones de empleo y trabajo, así como de los problemas de salud derivados del trabajo a partir de una revisión sistemática de la literatura científica en distintas bases de datos. En segundo lugar, se analizaron 25 indicadores de desigualdades de género relacionados con las condiciones de empleo, trabajo, conciliación de la vida laboral y la familiar y con los problemas de salud derivados del trabajo. Para ello, se analizó la sexta edición de la Encuesta Nacional de Condiciones de Trabajo de 2007. Igualmente, se exploró como estos 25 indicadores variaban en función de la clase social ocupacional y el sector de actividad de la empresa. Finalmente, se analizó como la clase social ocupacional y el estado del bienestar podrían influir en las desigualdades de género en la exposición a los riesgos psicosociales derivados del trabajo. Para ello, se analizó la cuarta edición de la Encuesta Europea de Condiciones de Trabajo de 2005.This thesis is based on the identification of gender inequalities in occupational health described in scientific literature, as well as in the analysis of gender inequalities in employed population in Spain and Europe, and how these gender inequalities are influenced by the occupational social class, sector of activity of the company and welfare state regime. Firstly, we identified gender inequalities in exposure to occupational hazards arising from the employment and working conditions, as well as work-related health problems from a systematic review on the scientific literature in different databases. Secondly, we analyzed 25 indicators of gender inequalities related to employment and working conditions, balancing job and family life and work-related health problems. To achieve this objective, we analyzed the sixth edition of the National Survey on Working Conditions from 2007. In addition, we explored how these 25 indicators of gender inequalities varied according to occupational social class and sector of activity of the company. Finally, we analyzed how the welfare state regime and the occupational social class could influence gender inequalities in the exposure to work-related psychosocial hazards. To achieve this objective, we analyzed the fourth edition of the European Survey on Working Conditions from 2005.
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Vinardell, Puig Teresa. "El coloquio de los textos: E.T.A. Hoffmann y la literatura española del siglo de oro." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/673552.
Full textAbstract:
El presente estudio se ocupa de la recepción de Cervantes y Calderón de la Barca por parte del autor romántico E.T.A. Hoffmann, e inserta dicho proceso receptivo en un contexto epocal más amplio. Por un lado, el romanticismo temprano ha intentado revisar la tradición y explicar así cómo ha evolucionado esta desde la edad de oro de la antigüedad clásica hasta el presente, y cómo se alcanzará una futura edad dorada en la que el lenguaje especulativo y el poético se fundan en uno solo. Por otro, los integrantes de ese movimiento consideran al lector como parte fundamental del proceso de creación literaria en tanto que creador de sentido. Ahora bien, puesto que entre autores y lectores además de dicho vínculo creativo se establece paulatinamente otro comercial, las relaciones entre unos y otros acaban por teñirse de ambigüedad. No es extraño, pues, que, siendo el "Quijote" una novela que toma la lectura como trasunto tanto en lo que se refiere a los distintos narradores como a su personaje principal, interesara a los autores románticos también desde ese punto de vista.
Dicha ambigüedad se percibe en mayor o menor grado en los textos hoffmannianos que aquí se estudian y queda reflejada en el índice de la tesis, que se divide en tres capítulos centrales, titulados respectivamente "El lector enemigo", "El lector aliado" Y "El autor como lector".
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Ghabouli-Mankalpa, Elham. "The influence of urban factors on senior tourists' choice for the location of a second home : an evaluation of assisted living desirability and residential preferences in Costa Brava." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/462103.
Full textAbstract:
Spanish Mediterranean coasts are known as famous tourism destinations and have been under the construction of tourist accommodations and second home developments for several decades. These areas have faced with unsustainability symptoms resulted from the seasonality nature of mass tourism and sprawl form of urban land use. In this situation, international retirement migration has appeared as a phenomenon impacting in these coastal areas while the recent demographic projections show the increase of ageing in Europe. This fact, will generate changes in demography of international tourists of these destinations and require a specific evaluation according to elderly preferences. In such a pattern, European visitors who are retired or getting retired within 20 years are the target group of this research to seek two aims: first, evaluating the geographic-urban attributes that this person does consider in selecting the location of their desired second home, particularly for retirement period; and the second aim is evaluating their desired residential preferences. Regarding the first aim, the analysis includes evaluating the physical and quantitative urban factors that could change or influence tourists¿ evaluation toward decision of buying or renting a second home in coastal areas. These variables are categorized in built environment, socio-cultural environment and natural environment categories. In addition, the role of Mediterranean cities¿ characteristics as a probable attraction of the area in such a decision is evaluated. The second aim, refers to the residential preferences by an approach on the desirability of assisted living facilities for the second home. Moreover, regarding the seasonal use of tourist accommodation in coastal areas, as a prospective adjective, it¿s intended to assess if it¿s possible to promote a model of second home for retirees in such tourist accommodation during the low season of tourism. As the study area, Costa Brava, a famous tourism destination in the northeastern part of the Spanish Mediterranean coast, is selected in which second home has a remarkable share in its real estate market. The research by a quantitative approach is conducted through a questionnaire including listed geographic, urban and residential variables in Likert scale and 191 fulfilled questionnaires gathered. Findings showed that in addition to the natural and cultural attractions of the area, there are some attributes in built environment category indicated as important in selecting the second home area; these factors, mainly refer to the accessibility concept; for instance, maintained streets and sidewalks and the proximity to shopping and hospital. Moreover, the study focussed on people interested in having a second home in the area, to assess the attractiveness of the area for this potential second homers. Findings regarding the Mediterranean urban aspects, showed no significant interest in these aspects among this interested people. In housing typology, a high interest was indicated in detached and semi-detached house forms for desired second home, whereas development of such housings is in contrast to the traditional compact form of Mediterranean cities. Evaluating other residential preferences and desired assisted services concluded to a remarkable interest in these services and in other maintenance methods rather than self-maintenance of second homes. Results propose the possibility to develop a new model of second homes for retirees addressing further studies on transformation of actual tourist accommodations. In conclusion implications resulted from the analysis, stress the importance of elder-friendly environments and the environmental protection issues. Moreover, the significant cultural attractive attributes in this research, such as the attitude of locals proposed suggestions in public policy and regional planning.Las Costas Mediterráneas Españolas son consideradas famosos destinos turísticos que han estado bajo la construcción de alojamientos turísticos y desarrollos de segunda residencia en épocas recientes. Estas regiones se han enfrentado a síntomas de insostenibilidad, como producto del turismo masivo con carácter estacional, y la expansión urbana. Ante esta situación, la migración internacional de jubilados ha figurado como un fenómeno impactando en estas zonas costeras mientras, las proyecciones demográficas actuales muestran el envejecimiento progresivo en Europa. Esta realidad, generará variaciones demográficas de turistas internacionales en estos destinos y requiere una evaluación específica según las preferencias de las personas mayores. Con tal patrón, los turistas europeos que se retirarán en 20 años, son el grupo objetivo de esta invetigación para objetener dos finalidades: en primer lugar, evaluar los atributos territoriales urbanos que la persona considere al seleccionar la ubicación de su segunda residencia deseada, especialmente para su período de jubilación; y en segundo lugar, evaluar sus preferencias residenciales más deseadas. Con respecto al primer propósito, el análisis incluye la evaluación de los factores urbanos, que pueden alterar o influenciar la evaluación de los turistas hacia la decisión de comprar o alquilar una segunda residencia en territorios costeros. Estas variables se clasifican en tres categorías: entorno construido, entorno sociocultural y medio ambiente. Asimismo, es evaluado el rol fundamental de las características pertenecientes a ciudades mediterráneas como probables atracciones a la zona, en el momento de la toma de decisión. Por otra parte, la segunda finalidad, alude a las preferencias residenciales enfocadas a la conveniencia de hogares de cuidados asistidos como segunda residencia. El área estudiada, Costa Brava, un destino turístico ubicado en la parte noroeste de la Costa Mediterránea Española, es elegida gracias a la proporción significativa de segundas residencias en su mercado inmobiliario. La investigación, mediante enfoque cuantitativo, se lleva a cabo a través de un cuestionario conformado por: listado territorial, variables urbanas y residenciales en escala Likert, y 191 cuestionarios cumplimentados. Los resultados demostraron que, además de las atracciones naturales y culturales del territorio, existen ciertos atributos importantes al momento de escoger el área de la segunda residencia en zonas edificadas; estos factores, se refieren principalmente al concepto de accesibilidad; por ejemplo, calles y aceras bien conservadas, así como la proximidad a hospitales y comercios. También, el estudio se enfocó en personas interesadas en tener una segunda residencia en la zona. Los resultados relacionados a los aspectos urbanos del Mediterráneo, no mostraron interés significativo en estos aspectos dentro del grupo objetivo. En la tipología de la vivienda, se señaló un gran interés en las formas de casa unifamiliar, para la segunda residencia deseada, considerando que la elaboración de este modelo se contrapone a la forma compacta tradicional de las ciudades del Mediterráneo. Evaluando otras preferencias residenciales y servicios asistenciales deseados, se concluye con el notable interés en estos servicios y en otros métodos de mantenimiento, en lugar del automantenimiento de segundas residencias. Como producto, se plantea la posibilidad de elaborar un nuevo modelo de segunda residencia para jubilados, abordando otros estudios de la transformación de los alojamientos turísticos actuales. Para concluir, las consecuencias resultantes del análisis, subrayan la importancia de entornos agradables para personas mayores y los asuntos relativos a la protección del medio ambiente. Más aún, acentúan el importante atractivo cultural atribuido en esta investigación, así como las sugerencias de politica pública y planificación regional propuestas por los nativos.
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Orihuela, Rosana. "L'altérité dans la langue romanesque de José Maria Arguedas : étude d'une poétique hétérolingue." Thesis, Normandie, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019NORMC032.
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Ce travail tente de montrer en quoi la poétique de l’écrivain péruvien José María Arguedas peut être qualifiée d’hétérolingue dans la mesure où elle transforme l’espagnol à partir du quechua. Nous essayons également de saisir les moyens par lesquels il est possible de traduire cette poétique tout en restant fidèle à l’empreinte que dépose le quechua sur la langue espagnole. En menant une analyse comparative des traductions de trois romans, Yawar fiesta, Los ríos profundos et El zorro de arriba y el zorro de abajo, nous retraçons l’évolution de la poétique hétérolingue arguédienne et nous mettons en lumière le défi qu’elle pose à ses traducteurs qui se voient obligés de créer une « hospitalité linguistique » inédite à leur langue de travailThis research tries to prove that the poetic discourse developed in the novels by Peruvian author José María Arguedas can be considered as heterolingual, in that the Spanish language he uses is highly influenced by Quechua. The endeavour in this work is to study how it is possible to translate Arguedas's poetics while remaining faithful to the imprint left by Quechua on the Spanish language. The comparative analysis of the translations of the three novels, Yawar fiesta, Los ríos profundos and El zorro de arriba y el zorro de abajo, reveals the evolutionary process of the heterolingual poetic in José María Arguedas writings. This evolution presents a challenge to his translators who have been compelled to create a new “linguistic hospitality” in their working language
Esta tesis intenta demostrar las razones que llevan a calificar la obra poética de José María Arguedas como heterolingüe, considerando que ésta transforma el español a partir de la lengua quechua. También trata de estudiar los medios a través de los cuales se puede traducir esta poética manteniendo fielmente la impronta que deja el quechua en la lengua española. El análisis comparativo de las traducciones de tres novelas, Yawar fiesta, Los ríos profundos y El zorro de arriba y el zorro de abajo, pone en evidencia el proceso de evolución de la poética heterolingüe arguediana así como el desafío que impone a sus traductores que se ven obligados a crear una nueva “hospitalidad lingüística” en sus lenguas de trabajo
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Berruezo, Sánchez Diana. "Il Novellino de Masuccio Salernitano y su influencia en la literatura española de la Edad de Oro." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/285455.
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La colección de cincuenta cuentos de Masuccio Salernitano, titulada Il Novellino y publicada póstumamente en Nápoles en 1476, representa una pieza clave de la cuentística italiana del Cuatrocientos que dejó huella en prosistas y dramaturgos de la España de los siglos XVI y XVII. La novella italiana, inaugurada por Boccaccio, evoluciona en cada una de las colecciones de cuentos, especialmente por lo que atañe al maro narrativo que las envuelve. Dentro de ese panorama destaca la obra del salernitano, pues ofrece un modelo novedoso que gozará de éxito, dentro y fuera de Italia, hasta la segunda mitad del siglo XVI, momento en que, por varios factores, empieza el declive editorial de la colección. En este sentido, los primeros capítulos de la tesis presentan al escritor salernitano y analizan Il Novellino teniendo en cuenta la historia y la fortuna del texto, la interpretación de Masuccio y la descripción/análisis del texto italiano.
Más allá del ocaso, Il Novellino se deja oír fuera de las fronteras italianas, como es de ver en las imitaciones y adaptaciones francesas, inglesas y españolas. De la colección de cuentos de Masuccio no conservamos ninguna traducción al castellano, lo que ha llevado a formular algunas hipótesis sobre cómo pudo llegar la obra a la Península. Además de la circulación de la obra en italiano, también se contempla la posibilidad de que los cuentos de Masuccio llegaran a través de las adaptaciones teatrales que hicieron compañías itinerantes de la Commedia dell’Arte. Asimismo, la presente tesis ofrece pruebas sobre la posibilidad de que los cuentos del salernitano se leyeran a través de la antología de Francesco Sansovino, Cento novelle scelte, a cuyo análisis se dedica el tercer capítulo, pues fue acogida por varios ingenios áureos.
Fuera por la vía que fuera, lo cierto es que el texto italiano se acogió en España de forma directa, como prueban lo ex-libris –a veces, de insignes lectores, como Hernando Colón o Diego Hurtado de Mendoza– en incunables y ediciones quinientistas conservadas en bibliotecas españolas. Por otro lado, escritores importantes de la literatura española de la Edad de Oro, como Alfonso de Valdés, Joan Timoneda, Mateo Alemán, María de Zayas o Lope de Vega, leyeron y adaptaron los cuentos del Salernitano para escribir sus obras. El cuarto capítulo ofrece una visión de conjunto sobre las influencias de Il Novellino en varios textos castellanos, ya sea en el teatro de Lope de Vega y Calderón de la Barca; en colecciones de cuentos, como las de Timoneda o Juan Pérez de Montalbán; en obras misceláneas como El cortesano de Luis Milán; y en novelas como el Lazarillo, el Guzmán de Alfarache o el Abencerraje.Il Novellino by MasuccioSalernitano is a successfulcollection of fifty short stories published in Naples in 1476. Itsplots and literary motives were adapted in different European countries, such as France, England or Spain,throughout the 16th and 17thcenturies,. The first two chapters of this thesis focus on the writer and its work, and provide both the history of the text and the analysis of its structure. Il Novellinowas definitely an important source of inspiration for Spanish Golden Age prose and theaterwriters who adapted some of its tales. However, and since the Italian textwas not translated into Spanish, different hypotheses have been proposed about itscirculation in the Spanish Peninsula. The original Italiantextmight have circulated during 16th and 17th century Spain, but Il Novellino could have also been diffused through Commedia dell’Arteitinerant theatre companies or by means of Francesco Sansovino’snottoo well-studied anthology of novelle, Cento novellescelte, the significance of which is examined in depth in the third chapter of the thesis. In any case, andaccording to 15th and 16thcentury ex-librisin copies heldin Spanish libraries, there is no doubt that Il Novellino was read in Spain. Moreover, Il Novellinoinfluenced major Spanish Golden Age writers, such as Alfonso de Valdés, Joan Timoneda, Mateo Alemán, María de Zayas or Lope de Vega, who found inthe Italian text a source of inspiration. Chapter four offers an overview of the influence of Masuccio’s work in different Spanish texts, ranging from plays byLope de Vega or Calderon de la Barca, short-story collections likeEl patrañuelo by Timonedaor Sucesos y prodigios de amor by Juan Pérez de Montalbán, and prose fiction such as Lazarillo, Guzmán de Alfarache and Abencerraje.
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Yu, Tao-Chang. "Spanish dances for violin their origin and Influences /." College Park, Md.: University of Maryland, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/3847.
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Thesis (D.M.A.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2006.Thesis research directed by: Music. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes discussion of the Spanish dances by Pablo de Sarasate, Introduction and rondo capriccioso, op. 28 by Camille Saint-Saëns, Symphonie espagnole, op. 21 by Édouard Lalo, Spanish dance in E minor by Granados, transcribed by Kreisler, Tango by Albeníz, and Carmen fantasie by Waxman. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
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McLaren, Malena Rachel. "Miguel Yuste his works for clarinet and his influence on the Spanish clarinet school of playing in the twentieth century, a lecture recital, together with three recitals of selected works by Bax, Mason, Khachaturian, Chausson, Bozza, Beethoven, and others /." Thesis, connect to online resource, 2005. http://www.unt.edu/etd/all/May2005/Open/mclaren%5Fmalena%5Frachel/index.htm.
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Thesis (D.M.A.)--University of North Texas, 2005.System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Accompanied by 4 recitals, recorded Mar. 5, 2001, Nov. 20, 2001, Nov. 25, 2002, and Mar. 28, 2005. Includes bibliographical references (p. 53-55).
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COSTA, ROSANE RIBAS DA. "INTERNATIONAL INFLUENCES ON PROCESSES OF DEMOCRATICTRANSISTION: THE SPANISH CASE." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2002. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=4767@1.
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CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICOAs transições ocorridas no sul europeu durante a década de 1970 originaram inúmeras investigações sobre suas origens, causas, desenvolvimento e possíveis efeitos sobre as estruturas e práticas políticas vigentes ao final do processo. Ao mesmo tempo, a transformação dos regimes português, grego e espanhol, revelaram uma importante dimensão internacional que incentivou diversas análises sobre este aspecto freqüentemente ignorado pelos estudos referentes a processos de transição democrática. O presente trabalho objetiva contrapor as teses de Laurence Whitehead e Philippe Schmitter à luz do caso espanhol, procurando demonstrar que a proposta analítica apresentada por Schmitter é a mais adequada para o entendimento da influência internacional no processo de democratização ocorrido na Espanha na década de 1970.
The democratic transitions in the European South during the decade of 1970 has originated innumerable inquiries on its origins, causes, development and possible efects on the structures and pratical effective politics to the end of the process. At the same time, the transformation of Portuguese, Greek and Spanish regimes has disclosed an important international dimension tha stimulated diverse analyses on this aspect frequently ignored by the studies concerning the procecss of democratic transition. This works seeks to contrapose the thesis of Laurence Whitehead and Philippe Schmitter in view of the Spanish case, having in view to demonstrate that the analitical proposal of Schmitter is the most appropriate to understand the international influences in the democratizations process happened in Spain in the 1970 decade.
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Mangum, James I. "The Influence of the First World War on The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2007. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd1694.pdf.
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Ahillen, Caroline. "Agent-based modeling of the spread of the 1918-1919 Spanish Flu in three Canadian fur trading communities." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/4582.
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Thesis (M.A.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2006.The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file viewed on (February 5, 2007) Includes bibliographical references.
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Fernández, de Azcárate Sara. "El Quijote en Galdós: Intertextualidad del mito de la identidad en los protagonistas de cuatro novelas contemporáneas (1881-1884)." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/672827.
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La tesis comparatística, dividida en cuatro estudios novelísticos, estudia el mito de la identidad quijotesca recreado por Galdós en la conformación de la subjetividad de cinco protagonistas de sus novelas naturalistas: Isidora Rufete, Máximo Manso, Alejandro Miquis, Felipe Centeno y Amparo Sánchez Emperador, observando como referente la total positivación del mito en Fortunata. Incardinada a la noción de intertextualidad de G. Genette, la investigación se centra en la gradual transformación diegética del mito de la identidad, vertebrada por los distintos momentos cervantinos del ansia por ser otro: Nebulosa, Autobautismo, Voluntad, Aventuras. Noluntad, Desnombrarse, En la muerte y Nebulosa.
Al criterio metodológico de los momentos identitarios se suman otras tres perspectivas analíticas. La polionomasia o cambios onomásticos que experimentan los personajes, incluyendo apelativos y sobrenombres. Los diálogos o parlamentos protagónicos en los que aparecen el pronombre yo y el verbo ser en sus diferentes conjugaciones y combinaciones, incluyendo los relevantes monólogos de Máximo y Amparo. Y las dualidades galdosianas de cada relato, arracimadas a la dualidad quijotesca de imaginación/realidad, dinamizando antinomias estructurales y estilísticas en reminiscencia del ars oppositorum cervantino.
En La desheredada Galdós trata el mito como radicalmente negativo desde la impronta zolesca al "hispánico modo", en el que la incitación de la heroína frisa con el desequilibrio mental. En El amigo Manso, a través del filósofo krausista, quien habría sido idóneo educador de Isidora, se separan los extremos del mito preponderando de nuevo el peso de la realidad a la vez que, en polemos unamuniano, se da por imposible la que todavía aparece como impostura del ideal quijotesco. En El doctor Centeno, el mito negativo desdoblado en sendos protagonistas y distintas Bildungsroman comienza a mostrar sus fisuras pues será a través del fraternal afecto que les une como Centeno acceda a un conato del ser. Finalmente, en Tormento, el mito se gesta en la Desillusions-romantik lukácsiana a través de los monólogos de una protagonista cruelmente aislada de su entorno, hasta que su entrega al ideal amoroso eclosione en trascendental desenlace. Mito de la identidad o requijotización galdosiana del que la investigación demuestra su progresiva reversibilidad en espera de la transfiguración amorosa de Fortunata.
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Ginelli, Paul. "Will History Repeat Itself? The Spanish Influenza: Its Past, Present, and Future." Thesis, Boston College, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/432.
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Thesis advisor: Kathleen DunnNearly a century ago, a deadly pandemic swept the globe, taking with it over 25 million lives. This pandemic was caused by the elusive Spanish influenza of 1918. Although many decades have passed since this pandemic, research has yet to uncover the exact origin of the Spanish influenza and the cause of its increased virulence. By examining the current research on the Spanish influenza, some of the secrets of this virus can be uncovered. Most of today's research supports the theory that the hemagglutinin receptor of the Spanish influenza was the most likely source of its potency and that it was an amalgamation of swine and human strains created from a common avian strain that created this virus. Based upon the information that has been uncovered, there is a considerable chance that the Spanish influenza or a similar strain could return in the future. The processes of recombination and reassortment create an endless amount of genetic variants of the virus and any one of them has the potential to be lethal. Although a natural emergence of lethal influenza is a potential threat, the artificial reconstruction of the Spanish influenza or another lethal strain for the purposes of bioterrorism may be an even bigger threat. Thus, it is necessary for researchers to press on with their search for the secrets of the Spanish influenza so that a future outbreak can be avoided. As researchers continue to do their job, the government must also take action and develop the most efficient approach to protecting the public from deadly strains of influenza
Thesis (BS) — Boston College, 2003
Submitted to: Boston College. College of Arts and Sciences
Discipline: Biology
Discipline: College Honors Program
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Hile, Elizabeth. ""Like Brave Soldiers:" Nursing and the Spanish Influenza Epidemic of 1918 in the United States." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1522409688878777.
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