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Journal articles on the topic 'Inflammatory component'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 7 July 2024

Last updated: 7 July 2024

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1

Heymann, Warren R. "The inflammatory component of androgenetic alopecia." Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology 86, no. 2 (February 2022): 301–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2021.11.013.

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Pantanowitz, Liron, Ashlee V. Moses, and Bruce J. Dezube. "The inflammatory component of Kaposi sarcoma." Experimental and Molecular Pathology 87, no. 2 (October 2009): 163–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yexmp.2009.07.001.

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3

JAYSON, M. I. V. "THE INFLAMMATORY COMPONENT OF MECHANICAL BACK PROBLEMS." Rheumatology 25, no. 2 (1986): 210–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rheumatology/25.2.210.

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4

Abell, E., and A. M. Kligman. "The Inflammatory Component of Male Pattern Alopecia." American Journal of Dermatopathology 11, no. 3 (June 1989): 287. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000372-198906000-00023.

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5

Nakamura, M., and S. H. Ferreira. "A peripheral sympathetic component in inflammatory hyperalgesia." European Journal of Pharmacology 135, no. 2 (March 1987): 145–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0014-2999(87)90606-6.

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6

Prokop, Laurel Derks. "Isotretinoin: Possible Component Cause of Inflammatory Bowel Disease." American Journal of Gastroenterology 94, no. 9 (September 1999): 2568. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1572-0241.1999.02568.x.

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7

Prokop, L. "Isotretinoin: Possible component cause of inflammatory bowel disease." American Journal of Gastroenterology 94, no. 9 (September 1999): 2568. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0002-9270(99)00459-1.

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8

AL-JANABI, M. A., K. SOLANKI, M. CRITCHLEY, M. L. SMITH, K. E. BRITTON, and E. C. HUSKISSON. "Radioleucoscintigraphy in osteoarthritis. Is there an inflammatory component?" Nuclear Medicine Communications 13, no. 10 (October 1992): 706–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006231-199210000-00002.

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AL-JANABI, M. A., K. SOLANKI, M. CRITCHLEY, M. L. SMITH, K. E. BRITTON, and E. C. HUSKISSON. "Radioleucoscintigraphy in osteoarthritis. Is there an inflammatory component?" Nuclear Medicine Communications 13, no. 10 (October 1992): 706–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006231-199213100-00002.

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10

Szilagyi, Andrew. "Use of Prebiotics for Inflammatory Bowel Disease." Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology 19, no. 8 (2005): 505–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2005/415698.

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The relevance of diet in both the pathogenesis and the therapy of inflammatory bowel disease is an evolving science. Disturbance of intestinal microflora (dysbiosis) is putatively a key element in the environmental component causing inflammatory bowel disease. Prebiotics are among the dietary components used in an attempt to counteract dysbiosis. Such predominantly carbohydrate dietary components exert effects on the luminal environment by physicochemical changes through pH alteration, by production of short chain fatty acids and by selectively promoting putatively 'health-beneficial' bacteria. The present review elaborates on some of the background rationale and mechanisms on the use of prebiotics. Additionally, published animal and human trials are discussed.

11

Sommer, Iris, Sabine Bahn, and Cynthia Shannon-Weickert. "THE LONG SEARCH FOR AN INFLAMMATORY COMPONENT IN SCHIZOPHRENIA." Schizophrenia Research 153 (April 2014): S15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0920-9964(14)70047-7.

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12

Buescher, E. Stephen, and Pamela S. Hair. "Human Milk Anti-inflammatory Component Contents during Acute Mastitis." Cellular Immunology 210, no. 2 (June 2001): 87–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/cimm.2001.1813.

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13

Ferraguti, Giampiero, Sergio Terracina, Luigi Tarani, Francesca Fanfarillo, Sara Allushi, Brunella Caronti, Paola Tirassa, et al. "Nerve Growth Factor and the Role of Inflammation in Tumor Development." Current Issues in Molecular Biology 46, no. 2 (January 23, 2024): 965–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cimb46020062.

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Nerve growth factor (NGF) plays a dual role both in inflammatory states and cancer, acting both as a pro-inflammatory and oncogenic factor and as an anti-inflammatory and pro-apoptotic mediator in a context-dependent way based on the signaling networks and its interaction with diverse cellular components within the microenvironment. This report aims to provide a summary and subsequent review of the literature on the role of NGF in regulating the inflammatory microenvironment and tumor cell growth, survival, and death. The role of NGF in inflammation and tumorigenesis as a component of the inflammatory system, its interaction with the various components of the respective microenvironments, its ability to cause epigenetic changes, and its role in the treatment of cancer have been highlighted in this paper.

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Rico-Fontalvo, Jorge, Gustavo Aroca, Jose Cabrales, Rodrigo Daza-Arnedo, Tomas Yánez-Rodríguez, María Cristina Martínez-Ávila, Isabella Uparella-Gulfo, and María Raad-Sarabia. "Molecular Mechanisms of Diabetic Kidney Disease." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 15 (August 4, 2022): 8668. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23158668.

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The inflammatory component of diabetic kidney disease has become of great interest in recent years, with genetic and epigenetic variants playing a fundamental role in the initiation and progression of the disease. Cells of the innate immune system play a major role in the pathogenesis of diabetic kidney disease, with a lesser contribution from the adaptive immune cells. Other components such as the complement system also play a role, as well as specific cytokines and chemokines. The inflammatory component of diabetic kidney disease is of great interest and is an active research field, with the hope to find potential innovative therapeutic targets.

15

Skougaard, Marie, Tanja Schjødt Jørgensen, Signe Rifbjerg-Madsen, Laura C. Coates, Alexander Egeberg, Kirstine Amris, Lene Dreyer, et al. "Relationship Between Fatigue and Inflammation, Disease Duration, and Chronic Pain in Psoriatic Arthritis: An Observational DANBIO Registry Study." Journal of Rheumatology 47, no. 4 (July 15, 2019): 548–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3899/jrheum.181412.

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Objective.Fatigue is one of the most significant symptoms, and an outcome of great importance, in patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA), but associations between underlying components of fatigue experienced by patients in relation to the disease have been sparsely investigated. The objectives were to describe the degree of fatigue in patients with PsA, and to examine important components associated with fatigue.Methods.We performed a cross-sectional survey including patients registered in the Danish nationwide registry DANBIO from December 2013 to June 2014. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to identify factors associated with fatigue.Results.A total of 1062 patients with PsA were included in the study. A PCA reduced co-variables into 3 components explaining 63% of fatigue in patients. The first component, contributing to 31% of fatigue, was composed of inflammatory factors including swollen and tender joints, physician’s global assessment, elevated C-reactive protein (CRP), and high Pain Detect Questionnaire (PDQ) score. The second component, contributing to 17% of fatigue, consisted of increasing age and long disease duration. The third component, contributing to 15% of fatigue, consisted of high PDQ score, tender joint count, increasing age, and concomitant low CRP, suggestive of a chronic pain component consisting of central pain sensitization or structural joint damage.Conclusion.Fatigue in patients with PsA may be driven by clinical inflammatory factors, disease duration, and chronic pain in the absence of inflammation.

16

Jones, Daniel, and Jyoti Patel. "Therapeutic Approaches Targeting Inflammation in Cardiovascular Disorders." Biology 7, no. 4 (November 16, 2018): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology7040049.

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Cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the Western world and represents an enormous global health burden. Significant advances have been made in the conservative, medical and surgical management across the range of cardiovascular diseases however the inflammatory components of these diseases have traditionally been neglected. Inflammation is certainly a key component of atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory condition, but it is at least correlative and predictive of risk in many other aspects of cardiovascular medicine ranging from heart failure to outcomes following reperfusion strategies. Inflammation therefore represents significant potential for future risk stratification of patients as well as offering new therapeutic targets across cardiovascular medicine. This review explores the role of inflammation in several of the major aspects of cardiovascular medicine focusing on current and possible future examples of the targeting of inflammation in prognosis and therapy. It concludes that future directions of cardiovascular research and clinical practice should seek to identify cohorts of patients with a significant inflammatory component to their cardiovascular condition or reaction to cardiovascular intervention. These patients might benefit from therapeutic strategies mounted against the inflammatory components implicated in their condition.

17

Mehlin, Christopher, Catherine M. Headley, and Seymour J. Klebanoff. "An Inflammatory Polypeptide Complex from Staphylococcus epidermidis: Isolation and Characterization." Journal of Experimental Medicine 189, no. 6 (March 15, 1999): 907–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.189.6.907.

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Staphylococcus epidermidis releases factors that activate the HIV-1 long terminal repeat, induce cytokine release, and activate nuclear factor κB in cells of macrophage lineage. The active material had a mass of 34,500 daltons, was inactivated by proteases and partitioned into the phenol layer on hot aqueous phenol extraction, and thus was termed phenol-soluble modulin (PSM). High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) of crude PSM yielded two peaks of activity designated PSM peak 1 and peak 2. MALDI-TOF (matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight) mass spectroscopy indicated the presence of two components in peak 1, which were designated PSMα and PSMβ. Peak 2 contained a single component, designated PSMγ. Separation of PSMα and PSMβ in peak 1 could be achieved by a second HPLC procedure. The structure of each component was determined by amino acid sequence analysis and identification and sequencing of their genes. PSMα, PSMβ, and PSMγ were 22-, 44-, and 25-amino acid, respectively, strongly hydrophobic polypeptides. PSMγ was identified as Staphylococcus epidermidis delta toxin, whereas PSMα and PSMβ exhibited more distant homology to previously described staphylococcal toxins. They appeared to exist as a complex or aggregate with activity greater than the component parts. The properties of the S. epidermidis PSMs suggest that they may contribute to the systemic manifestations of Gram-positive sepsis.

18

Raghu, Harini, Nithya Lingampalli, Qian Wang, Heidi Wong, Christin Lepus, Rong Mao, and William H. Robinson. "Complement component C1q limits osteoarthritis pathology by regulating macrophage activation." Journal of Immunology 196, no. 1_Supplement (May 1, 2016): 124.7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.196.supp.124.7.

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Abstract Osteoarthritis (OA), the most common form of arthritis in the world, is characterized by articular cartilage breakdown in synovial joints. There is evidence of low-grade inflammatory responses in OA, but their contribution to OA pathogenesis is unclear. Studies have demonstrated that dysregulated complement activity is involved in OA pathogenesis. The complement component, C1q, is known to regulate inflammation via mechanisms involving apoptotic cell clearance and macrophage activation. Thus, we hypothesized that C1q is a key negative regulator of inflammatory mechanisms in OA. Using a combination of NanoString-based mRNA quantification and Luminex-based analyses for cytokine profiling, we found that differentiation of human monocyte-derived macrophages in C1q-depleted serum followed by stimulation with cartilage debris resulted in enhanced pro-inflammatory (e.g., IL1β) and reduced anti-inflammatory (e.g,. IL10) cytokine expression and secretion compared to cells grown in normal human serum. To definitively establish a regulatory role for C1q in OA, we used a well-established destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM) model of knee OA in genetically-deficient mice. We found that knees of C1q-deficient mice subjected to DMM developed worse OA pathologies including exacerbated cartilage damage, osteophyte formation and synovitis relative to C1q-sufficient mice. Our data suggest that C1q deficiency exacerbates inflammation and cartilage damage through mechanisms involving dysregulated macrophage activation. Understanding the precise mechanisms underlying C1q-mediated regulation of inflammation may lead to the identification of novel targets for the treatment of inflammatory diseases including OA.

19

Williams, John G., and Ronald V. Maier. "The Inflammatory Response." Journal of Intensive Care Medicine 7, no. 2 (March 1992): 53–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/088506669200700203.

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Inflammation is a critical component of the normal healing process. In the patient with extensive injury or infection, however, this same process may lead to organ dysfunction and failure as seen in adult respiratory distress syndrome and multiple organ failure syndrome. In this article we review: (1) the evolution of current concepts of inflammation; (2) individual elements of the host response to inflammatory stimuli; and (3) current strategies for the prevention and treatment of adult respiratory distress syndrome and multiple organ failure syndrome. From the Department of Surgery, University of Washington School of Medicine, Harborview Medical Center, Seattle, WA.

20

Schweighofer, Natascha, Caterina Colantonio, Christoph W. Haudum, Barbara Hutz, Albrecht Schmidt, Andreas Zirlik, Thomas R. Pieber, Nicolas Verheyen, and Barbara Obermayer-Pietsch. "Dp-ucMGP – a modulator in disease with an inflammatory component?" Bone Reports 16 (May 2022): 101312. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bonr.2022.101312.

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21

Vujosevic, Stela, and Edoardo Midena. "Controversies in Pharmacological Treatment of Inflammatory Component of Macular Edema." Current Pharmaceutical Design 21, no. 32 (October 30, 2015): 4688–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612821666150909095645.

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22

Boxall, Sarah J., Achim Berthele, Thomas R. Tölle, Walter Zieglgänsberger, and Laszlo Urban. "mGluR activation reveals a tonic NMDA component in inflammatory hyperalgesia." NeuroReport 9, no. 6 (April 1998): 1201–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00001756-199804200-00044.

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23

ISMAIL, S. M. "Follicular myometritis: a previously undescribed component of pelvic inflammatory disease." Histopathology 16, no. 1 (January 1990): 91–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2559.1990.tb01068.x.

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24

Correale, C., S. Vetrano, T. Stefanelli, C. Ligorio, P. Omodei, A. Repici, A. Malesci, E. Dejana, and S. Danese. "OC3.03.2 LYMPHONEOGENESIS: A NEW COMPONENT IN INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE PATHOGENESIS." Digestive and Liver Disease 40 (March 2008): S42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1590-8658(08)60107-3.

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25

Correale, Carmen, Stefania Vetrano, Francesca Tognoli, Tommaso Stefanelli, Claudia Ligorio, Paolo Omodei, Alessandro Repici, Alberto Malesci, Elisabetta Dejana, and Silvio Danese. "W1213 Lymphoneogenesis: A New Component in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Pathogenesis." Gastroenterology 134, no. 4 (April 2008): A—656. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0016-5085(08)63064-4.

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26

Silva, J. R., J. A. Jones, P. J. Cole, and L. W. Poulter. "The immunological component of the cellular inflammatory infiltrate in bronchiectasis." Thorax 44, no. 8 (August 1, 1989): 668–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/thx.44.8.668.

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27

Noronha, Irene L., Clarice K. Fujihara, and Roberto Zatz. "The inflammatory component in progressive renal disease—are interventions possible?" Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation 17, no. 3 (March 1, 2002): 363–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ndt/17.3.363.

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Correale, C., S. Vetrano, T. Stefanelli, C. Ligorio, P. Omodei, A. Repici, A. Malesci, E. Dejana, and S. Danese. "3 LYMPHONEOGENESIS: A NEW COMPONENT IN INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE PATHOGENESIS." Journal of Crohn's and Colitis Supplements 2, no. 1 (February 2008): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1873-9954(08)70004-1.

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29

Hartung, D., and J. Narula. "Targeting the inflammatory component in atherosclerotic lesions vulnerable to rupture." Zeitschrift f�r Kardiologie 93, no. 2 (February 1, 2004): 97–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00392-004-1032-x.

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30

Maio, Antonio De, Maria de Lourdes Mooney, Lydia E. Matesic, Charles N. Paidas, and Roger H. Reeves. "GENETIC COMPONENT IN THE INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE INDUCED BY BACTERIAL LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE." Shock 10, no. 5 (November 1998): 319–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00024382-199811000-00002.

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31

Danese, Silvio, Miquel Sans, Carol de la Motte, Cristina Graziani, Gail West, Manijeh H. Phillips, Roberto Pola, et al. "Angiogenesis as a Novel Component of Inflammatory Bowel Disease Pathogenesis." Gastroenterology 130, no. 7 (June 2006): 2060–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2006.03.054.

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32

Mocco, J., William J. Mack, Andrew F. Ducruet, Sergei A. Sosunov, Michael E. Sughrue, Benjamin G. Hassid, M. Nathan Nair, et al. "Complement Component C3 Mediates Inflammatory Injury Following Focal Cerebral Ischemia." Circulation Research 99, no. 2 (July 21, 2006): 209–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/01.res.0000232544.90675.42.

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Podgaec, S., M. S. Abrao, J. A. Dias, L. V. Rizzo, R. M. de Oliveira, and E. C. Baracat. "Endometriosis: an inflammatory disease with a Th2 immune response component." Human Reproduction 22, no. 5 (January 18, 2007): 1373–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/humrep/del516.

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34

Fasano, Elena, Simona Serini, Nadia Mondella, Sonia Trombino, Leonardo Celleno, Paola Lanza, Achille Cittadini, and Gabriella Calviello. "Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Selected Natural Compounds Contained in a Dietary Supplement on Two Human Immortalized Keratinocyte Lines." BioMed Research International 2014 (2014): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/327452.

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Several advantages may derive from the use of dietary supplements containing multiple natural antioxidants and/or anti-inflammatory agents. At present, however, there is scarce information on the properties and potential of combined supplements. To fill the gap, the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities exerted by a combination of seven natural components (coenzyme Q10, krill oil, lipoic acid, resveratrol, grape seed oil,α-tocopherol, and selenium) contained in a dietary supplement used for the prevention of skin disorders were investigatedin vitro. Each component was administered, alone or in combination, to human keratinocytes, and the inhibition of Reactive Oxygen Species production and lipid peroxidation as well as the ability to reduce inflammatory cytokine secretion and to modulate Nuclear Factor-κB pathway was evaluated. The combination exhibited high antioxidant activity and in specific conditions the combination’s efficiency was higher than that of the most powerful components administered individually. Moreover, the combination showed remarkable anti-inflammatory properties. It reduced more efficiently than each component the secretion of Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1, a crucial cytokine for the development of chronic inflammation in skin, and inhibited Nuclear Factor-κB molecular pathway. Overall, our findings suggest that the combined formulation may have the potential to powerfully inhibit oxidative stress and inflammation at skin level.

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Zlatanova, Milena, Andrijana Nešić, Jovana Trbojević-Ivić, Danilo Četić, and Marija Gavrović-Jankulović. "Targeting NF-κB Signaling: Selected Small Molecules Downregulate Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines in Both Food Allergen and LPS-Induced Inflammation." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 25, no. 11 (May 26, 2024): 5798. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms25115798.

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Although inflammation is primarily a protective response guarding the human body, it can result in a variety of chronic diseases such as allergies, auto-immune, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer. In NF-κB-mediated inflammation, many small molecules and food compounds characterized as nutraceuticals have shown positive effects associated with immunomodulatory properties. We investigated the effects of selected bioactive small molecules, commonly found in food components, vanillyl alcohol (VA) and lauric acid (LA), on different cell lines exposed to pro-inflammatory stimuli, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and the food allergen actinidin (Act d 1). Pro-inflammatory cytokines were downregulated in response to both VA and LA, and this downregulation was caused by a decrease in the activation of the NF-κB pathway and the translocation of p65, the pathway’s major component. Small nutraceutical molecules, VA and LA, showed not only inhibition of the pro-inflammatory cytokines, but also inhibition of the NF-κB activation, and reduced translocation of the p65 component. The present study may contribute to the therapeutic use of these molecules for various inflammatory diseases, which have in common an increased expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and NF-κB-mediated inflammation.

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Balkrishna, Acharya, Vidhi Dobhal, Sonam Verma, Deepika Srivastava, Shalini Singh, and Vedpriya Arya. "Arctigenin: A Potential Component with Multifaceted Therapeutic Properties." Journal of Phytopharmacology 11, no. 6 (December 20, 2022): 414–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.31254/phyto.2022.11607.

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Medicinal plants are an excellent source of new therapeutic drugs because of their phytochemical constituents. Arctium lappa L. (common name-burdock) is a perennial medicinal herb commonly found in China, Japan, Korea traditionally used as promising health supplement. promising health supplement. Major active constituent of A. lappa L. seeds are arctigenin which exhibits pharmacological potential such as anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antimicrobial and hepatoprotective properties. The purpose of this study is to provide an up-to-date evaluation of the literature on the pharmacological activities of Arctigenin from Articum lappa L. Literature is collected from Google scholar, Science Direct, Research Gate, PubMed, Google, and SciFinder databases published between 2012 and 2021 (Jan). Keywords used to retrieve the data are pharmacological profile, arctigenin, and Arctium lappa L. The antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, hepatoprotective, renoprotective, neuroprotective, and CNS depressant properties of arctigenin demonstrated its pharmacological significance among traditional science According to different research, arctigenin is effective in the treatment of a variety of chronic disorders, including cancer (stomach, lungs, liver, and colon) and inflammatory diseases (rashes, and other skin conditions.). Future experiments based on the mechanism pathway responsible for the protective role of arctigenin's will help the scientist to uncover its health benefits.

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Nugrahani, Ilma, Diar Herawati, and Marlia Singgih Wibowo. "The Benefits and Challenges of Antibiotics–Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs Non-Covalent Reaction." Molecules 28, no. 9 (April 23, 2023): 3672. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28093672.

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Recently, non-covalent reactions have emerged as approaches to improve the physicochemical properties of active pharmaceutical ingredients (API), including antibiotics and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). This review aimed to present and discuss the non-covalent reaction products of antibiotics, including salt and neutral multi-component solid forms, by framing their substituents and molar ratios, manufacturing techniques, characterization methods, benefits, potency changes, and toxicity, and is completed with an analysis of the development of computational models used in this field. Based on the data, NSAIDs are the most-developed drugs in multi-component system preparations, followed by antibiotics, i.e., antituberculosis and fluoroquinolones. They have reacted with inorganic elements, excipients, nutraceuticals, natural products, and other drugs. However, in terms of treatments for common infections, fluoroquinolones are more frequently used. Generally, NSAIDs are acquired on an over-the-counter basis, causing inappropriate medication. In addition, the pKa differences between the two groups of medicine offer the potential for them to react non-covalently. Hence, this review highlights fluoroquinolone–NSAID multi-component solid systems, which offer some benefits. These systems can increase patient compliance and promote the appropriate monitoring of drug usage; the dual drug multi-component solids have been proven to improve the physicochemical properties of one or both components, especially in terms of solubility and stability. In addition, some reports show an enhancement of the antibiotic activity of the products. However, it is important to consider the possibility of activity changes, interaction, and toxicity when using drug combinations. Hence, these aspects also are discussed in this review. Finally, we present computational modeling, which has been utilized broadly to support multi-component system designs, including coformer screening, preparation methods, and structural modeling, as well as to predict physicochemical properties, potency, and toxicity. This integrated review is expected to be useful for further antibiotic–NSAID multi-component system development.

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C. R., Jyothi, Dhanya P. Menon, Joy Augustine, and A. K. Abdul Siyad. "Epithelioid Angiomyolipoma of Liver with an Inflammatory Component: A Case Report." Case Reports in Hepatology 2013 (2013): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/738708.

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Angiomyolipomas (AMLs) are benign mesenchymal tumors seen in kidneys in association with tuberous sclerosis. They are uncommon in liver. Angiomyolipomas of liver show great histological diversity and various types and patterns are described. Among them, epithelioid and inflammatory angiomyolipomas are rare. We report a case of epithelioid angiomyolipoma of Liver with an inflammatory component.

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Ha, Si Young, Ji Young Jung, Hyeon Cheol Kim, and Jae-Kyung Yang. "Optimizing the Fermentation Conditions of Cudrania tricuspidata Fruit Using Bacillus amyloliquefaciens for Anti-Inflammatory Activity and GC-MS-Based Volatile Component Characteristics." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2023 (October 18, 2023): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/5042416.

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The aim of this study is to optimize the performance conditions used for maximum anti-inflammatory activity and to clarify in vitroanti-inflammatory properties of fermented C. tricuspidata fruit. Based on the single-factor experiment and Box–Behnken design, the optimized fermentation conditions of C. tricuspidata fruit for maximum anti-inflammatory activity were 3.8 d fermentation period, 8.4% (v/w) inoculation concentration, and 29.2°C fermentation temperature. Under optimal conditions, anti-inflammatory activity-based nitric oxide of fermented C. tricuspidata fruit reached 93.9%. Moreover, this study provides a theoretical basis and experimental data containing β-hexosaminidase and reactive oxygen species for the medical use and industrialization of C. tricuspidata fruit fermentation. Interestingly, the results of GC-MS analysis confirmed that fermented C. tricuspidata fruits detect volatile components different from unfermented C. tricuspidata fruits. We suggested that this volatile component may have been involved in the anti-inflammatory reaction, but scientific verification of this is needed later. Therefore, an in-depth study of volatile components detected from fermented C. tricuspidata fruits will need to be conducted later.

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Palmano, Kate P., Alastair K. H. MacGibbon, Caroline A. Gunn, and Linda M. Schollum. "In Vitro and In Vivo Anti-inflammatory Activity of Bovine Milkfat Globule (MFGM)-derived Complex Lipid Fractions." Nutrients 12, no. 7 (July 15, 2020): 2089. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12072089.

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Numerous health related properties have been reported for bovine milk fat globule membrane (MFGM) and its components. Here we present novel data on the in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory activity of various MFGM preparations which confirm and extend the concept of MFGM as a dietary anti-inflammatory agent. Cell-based assays were used to test the ability of MFGM preparations to modulate levels of the inflammatory mediators IL-1β, nitric oxide, superoxide anion, cyclo-oxygenase-2, and neutrophil elastase. In rat models of arthritis, using MFGM fractions as dietary interventions, the phospholipid-enriched MFGM isolates were effective in reducing adjuvant-induced paw swelling while there was a tendency for the ganglioside-enriched isolate to reduce carrageenan-induced rat paw oedema. These results indicate that the anti-inflammatory activity of MFGM, rather than residing in a single component, is contributed to by an array of components acting in concert against various inflammatory targets. This confirms the potential of MFGM as a nutritional intervention for the mitigation of chronic and acute inflammatory conditions.

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Kandilogiannakis, Leonidas, Eirini Filidou, Ioannis Drygiannakis, Gesthimani Tarapatzi, Stylianos Didaskalou, Maria Koffa, Konstantinos Arvanitidis, et al. "Development of a Human Intestinal Organoid Model for In Vitro Studies on Gut Inflammation and Fibrosis." Stem Cells International 2021 (July 27, 2021): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/9929461.

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Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBDs) are characterized by chronic intestinal inflammation and fibrosis, the latter being the predominant denominator for long-term complications. Epithelial and mesenchymal 2D cultures are highly utilized in vitro models for the preclinical evaluation of anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic therapies. More recently, human intestinal organoids (HIOs), a new 3D in vitro model derived from pluripotent stem cells, have the advantage to closely resemble the architecture of the intestinal mucosa. However, the appropriate timing for the study of inflammatory and fibrotic responses, during HIO development, has not been adequately investigated. We developed HIOs from the human embryonic stem cell line, H1, and examined the expression of mesenchymal markers during their maturation process. We also investigated the effect of inflammatory stimuli on the expression of fibrotic and immunological mediators. Serial evaluation of the expression of mesenchymal and extracellular matrix (ECM) markers revealed that HIOs have an adequately developed mesenchymal component, which gradually declines through culture passages. Specifically, CD90, collagen type I, collagen type III, and fibronectin were highly expressed in early passages but gradually diminished in late passages. The proinflammatory cytokines IL-1α and TNF-α induced the mRNA expression of fibronectin, collagen types I and III, tissue factor (TF), and alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) primarily in early passages. Similarly, HIOs elicited strong mRNA and protein mesenchymal (CXCL10) and epithelial (CXCL1, CCL2, CXCL8, and CCL20) chemokine responses in early but not late passages. In contrast, the epithelial tight junction components, CLDN1 and JAMA, responded to inflammatory stimulation independently of the culture passage. Our findings indicate that this HIO model contains a functional mesenchymal component, during early passages, and underline the significance of the mesenchymal cells’ fitness in inflammatory and fibrotic responses. Therefore, we propose that this model is suitable for the study of epithelial-mesenchymal interactions in early passages when the mesenchymal component is active.

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Serebrennikova, Svetlana N. "INFLAMMATION AS A FUNDAMENTAL PATHOLOGICAL PROCESS: LECTURE 2 (CELLULAR COMPONENT)." Baikal Medical Journal 2, no. 2 (June 10, 2023): 65–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.57256/2949-0715-2023-2-65-76.

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The second part of the lecture describes cellular events occurring in the focus of inflammation. The first cells migrating to the focus of inflammation are neutrophils, the second are accumulate monocytes (macrophages), and the final cells of inflammation are fibroblasts. This sequence is determined by the spectrum of chemoattractants which are presented in the focus of inflammation. Neutrophil migration is initiated by tissue macrophages, which are activated upon tissue damage and begin to secrete cytokines, primarily IL-8 and IL-1. These cytokines ensure neutrophil adhesion to the vascular wall and their further chemotaxis along the gradient of these cytokines and other chemoattractants. There are several populations of neutrophils. Inflammation mainly involves high density neutrophils (mature cells) and low density neutrophils (immature cells, e.g. band forms). From a functional point of view, neutrophils are divided into pro-inflammatory (N1) and immunosuppressive (N2), the balance between these cells is very important for an adequate course of inflammation. Neutrophils begin the process of destroying the pathogen and tissue damage products. In addition to the long-known phagocytosis, this process is carried out with the help of neutrophil extracellular traps (NET), which consist of DNA, histones and lysosomal enzymes. Neutrophils in the focus of inflammation synthesize cytokines (IL-1, IL-6, TNFα, G-CSF and others), which stimulate the migration of monocytes and their differentiation into macrophages. Activated macrophages are divided into two groups: classic pro-inflammatory M1 and alternative anti-inflammatory M2. M1 are involved in the elimination of pathogen. They have powerful cytotoxic and antimicrobial activities. M2 macrophages produce anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10, TGFβ, etc.), growth factors, they stimulate angiogenesis, fibroblast proliferation processes and the formation of an extracellular matrix by fibroblasts. Fibroblasts, attracted by macrophage cytokines, complete the inflammatory process. They synthesize the basic substance of the connective tissue and provide the process of its organization. Dysregulation of cellular responses can underlie chronic inflammation.

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Zhang, Chunchun, Dandan Ning, Jieli Pan, Cheng Chen, Chengxian Gao, Zhishan Ding, Fusheng Jiang, and Meiya Li. "Anti-Inflammatory Effect Fraction of Bletilla striata and Its Protective Effect on LPS-Induced Acute Lung Injury." Mediators of Inflammation 2021 (March 13, 2021): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6684120.

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Bletilla striata is a well-known traditional Chinese herb with anti-inflammatory properties that is widely used in the treatment of lung conditions such as silicosis, tuberculosis, and pneumogastric hemorrhage. However, little information on the anti-inflammatory ingredients and their activities is available. In this study, an effect fraction of Bletilla striata (EFBS) was enriched, and its anti-inflammatory activities and underlying mechanisms were investigated. EFBS was enriched by polyamide column chromatography and characterized by HPLC; an LPS-induced acute lung injury model was used to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activities of EFBS. Meanwhile, the main anti-inflammation-contributing ingredients and possible molecular mechanism of anti-inflammatory activity in EFBS were verified by component-knockout method combined with LPS-induced RAW264.7 cell model. The EFBS mainly consisted of coelonin (15.88%), batatasin III (32.49%), 3 ′ -O-methylbatatasin III (6.96%), and 3-hydroxy-5-methoxy bibenzyl (2.51%). Pretreatment with the EFBS (20 mg/kg and 60 mg/kg) for five days prior to the administration of LPS resulted in decreases in wet-to-dry lung weight ratio, neutrophil number, MPO activity, total protein concentration, NO level, and MDA level, as well as IL-1β, IL-6, MCP-1, and TNF-α concentrations in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Western blot analysis demonstrated the increased expressions of iNOS, COX-2, and NF-κB p65 in the LPS treatment group, all of which were ameliorated by EFBS pretreatment. Histological examination confirmed the protective effect of the EFBS. Additionally, component-knockout assay confirmed that these four quantitative components contributed significantly to the anti-inflammatory effect of EFBS. Coelonin, batatasin III, 3 ′ -O-methylbatatasin III and 3-hydroxy-5-methoxy bibenzyl were the main anti-inflammatory components of EFBS and could regulate the expression of downstream inflammatory cytokines by inhibiting p65 nuclear translocation. These findings uncover, in part, the molecular basis underlying the anti-inflammatory activity of Bletilla striata.

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Garaev, T. G., D. Kh Rzaev, and A. A. Gel’dyev. "Characteristics of allergic component of inflammatory infiltrates in chronic otitis media." Russian Otorhinolaryngology 21, no. 6 (2022): 25–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.18692/1810-4800-2022-6-25-29.

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The article presents data characterizing the inflammatory process in the chronic otitis media (COM) from the standpoint of parameters related to the development of the allergic component of inflammatory infiltrates, regardless of the exudate nature. For comparison, cases with acute otitis media (AOM) were taken. They were obtained as a result of histomorphometric study. Both in acute and chronic otitis media, direct and indirect signs of allergic inflammation were revealed. Of particular interest is the significant predominance of eosinophils in the COM group, which may indicate their more important role in the chronic process, including an increase in their number at the wall edge in the microcirculation vessels. Thus, the study results show that in chronic otitis media, the allergic component plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of the inflammatory process. An important factor in this case is the anatomical and physiological relationship of the tissue structures of the middle ear with the Eustachian tube and the nasopharynx. This fact must be taken into account when constructing the treating tactics of chronic otitis media, an important element of which could be the use of drugs not only with anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive, but also anti-allergic properties, especially of prolonged action, as well as herbal preparations with similar properties.

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Ndeupen, Sonia, Zhen Qin, Sonya Jacobsen, and Botond Z. Igyarto. "The mRNA-LNP platform’s lipid nanoparticle component used in preclinical vaccine studies is highly inflammatory." Journal of Immunology 206, no. 1_Supplement (May 1, 2021): 30.01. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.206.supp.30.01.

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Abstract Vaccines based on mRNA-containing lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) are a promising new platform used by two leading vaccines against coronavirus disease in 2019 (COVID-19). Clinical trials and ongoing vaccinations present with very high protection levels with varying degrees of side effects. However, the nature of the reported side effects remains poorly defined. Here we present evidence that LNPs used in many preclinical studies are highly inflammatory in mice. Intradermal injection of these LNPs led to rapid and robust inflammatory responses, characterized by massive neutrophil infiltration, activation of diverse inflammatory pathways, and production of various inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. The same dose of LNP delivered intranasally led to similar inflammatory responses in the lung and resulted in a high mortality rate. In summary, here we show that the LNPs used for many preclinical studies are highly inflammatory. Thus, their potent adjuvant activity and reported superiority comparing to other adjuvants in supporting the induction of adaptive immune responses could stem from their inflammatory nature. Furthermore, the preclinical LNPs are similar to the ones used for human vaccines, which could also explain the observed side effects in humans using this platform.

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B. Szecsi, Pal. "Seroma Production After Breast Cancer Surgery has a Pro-Inflammatory Component." Open Breast Cancer Journal 4, no. 1 (August 8, 2012): 11–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1876817201204010011.

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Łączna, Małgorzata, Patrycja Kopytko, Marta Tkacz, Katarzyna Zgutka, Michał Czerewaty, Maciej Tarnowski, Dariusz Larysz, et al. "Adiponectin Is a Component of the Inflammatory Cascade in Rheumatoid Arthritis." Journal of Clinical Medicine 11, no. 10 (May 12, 2022): 2740. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11102740.

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Adiponectin is a secretory protein of adipocytes that plays an important role in pathological processes by participation in modulating the immune and inflammatory responses. The pro-inflammatory effect of adiponectin is observed in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In this study, we examined adiponectin plasma levels and the expression of adiponectin in bone marrow tissue samples, synovium samples, and infrapatellar fat pad samples from patients with osteoarthritis (OA) and RA. Additionally we examined the expression of adiponectin receptors AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 in synovium samples and infrapatellar fat pad samples from patients with OA and RA. We also assessed the correlations between adiponectin plasma concentrations, adiponectin expression in bone marrow, synovium, infrapatellar fat pad, and plasma levels of selected cytokines. We found increased expression of adiponectin in synovium samples and infrapatellar fat pad samples from patients with RA as compared to patients with OA. There were no statistically significant differences of adiponectin plasma levels and adiponectin expression in bone marrow tissue samples between OA and RA patients. There were no differences in the expression of AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 at the mRNA level in synovial tissue and the infrapatellar fat pad between RA and OA patients. However, in immunohistochemical analysis in samples of the synovial membrane from RA patients, we observed very strong expression of adiponectin in intima cells, macrophages, and subintimal fibroblasts, such as synoviocytes, vs. strong expression in OA samples. Very strong expression of adiponectin was also noted in adipocytes of Hoffa’s fat pad of RA patients. Expression of AdipoR1 was stronger in RA tissue samples, while AdipoR2 expression was very similar in both RA and OA samples. Our results showed increased adiponectin expression in the synovial membrane and Hoffa’s pad in RA patients compared to that of OA patients. However, there were no differences in plasma adiponectin concentrations and its expression in bone marrow. The results suggest that adiponectin is a component of the inflammatory cascade that is present in RA. Pro-inflammatory factors enhance the expression of adiponectin, especially in joint tissues—the synovial membrane and Hoffa’s fat pad. In turn, adiponectin also increases the expression of further pro-inflammatory mediators.

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Rimola, Jordi, and Nunzia Capozzi. "Differentiation of fibrotic and inflammatory component of Crohn’s disease-associated strictures." Intestinal Research 18, no. 2 (April 30, 2020): 144–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.5217/ir.2020.00015.

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Patients with Crohn’s disease (CD) commonly develop bowel strictures, which may contain various degrees of inflammation and fibrosis. While predominantly inflammatory strictures may benefit from a medical anti-inflammatory treatment approach, fibrotic strictures would require endoscopic balloon dilation or surgery. Cross-sectional imaging surpasses endoscopy for characterization of stenotic segments and potentially may contribute to the optimal clinical management of these patients. This short review aims to discuss the potentialities and limitations of cross-sectional imaging techniques for assessing bowel fibrosis in patients with CD.

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Garcia-Fernandez, Nuria, Javier Beaumont, María U. Moreno, Gorka San José, Arantxa González, and Javier Díez. "The renal immune-inflammatory component of arterial hypertension: emerging therapeutic strategies." Cardiovascular Research 115, no. 4 (November 8, 2018): 696–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cvr/cvy280.

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Bucala, R., and E. Lolis. "Macrophage migration inhibitory factor: A critical component of autoimmune inflammatory diseases." Drug News & Perspectives 18, no. 7 (2005): 417. http://dx.doi.org/10.1358/dnp.2005.18.7.939345.

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