Journal articles: 'Inflammation – Fibrose'

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Mahjoubi, I., A. Khalil, and M. F. Carette. "Inflammation et fibrose pleurale." Revue de Pneumologie Clinique 62, no. 2 (April 2006): 97–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0761-8417(06)75423-2.

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Steinkamp, G. "Zystische Fibrose und Inflammation." Atemwegs- und Lungenkrankheiten 32, no. 01 (January 1, 2006): 33–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.5414/atp32033.

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Clement, K., and G. Marcelina. "Inflammation et fibrose du tissu adipeux dans l’obésité humaine." Annales d'Endocrinologie 79, no. 4 (September 2018): 194–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ando.2018.06.013.

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Magnussen, Christina, and Renate B. Schnabel. "Biochemische Marker der Myokardschädigung bei ischämischer versus nicht ischämischer Ätiologie." Aktuelle Kardiologie 8, no. 03 (June 2019): 199–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-0892-0804.

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ZusammenfassungBiomarker sind objektiv gemessene Indikatoren physiologischer oder pathologischer biologischer Prozesse, die möglichst sensitiv, spezifisch, reproduzierbar und kosteneffektiv bestimmt werden sollten. Sie werden als Antwort auf akute myokardiale Ischämie, chronischen myokardialen Stress, Inflammation oder strukturelle Umbauprozesse freigesetzt. Die wichtigsten Biomarker in der klinischen Routine sind (hochsensitive) Troponine (akute Myokardischämie) und natriuretische Peptide (Druck-/Volumenbelastung). Strukturelle Marker (Fibrose/Remodeling) werden noch nicht routinemäßig eingesetzt.

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Schwarz, C., B. Schulte-Hubbert, J. Bend, M. Abele-Horn, I. Baumann, W. Bremer, F. Brunsmann, et al. "S3-Leitlinie: Lungenerkrankung bei Mukoviszidose – Modul 2: Diagnostik und Therapie bei der chronischen Infektion mit Pseudomonas aeruginosa." Pneumologie 72, no. 05 (May 2018): 347–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0044-100191.

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ZusammenfassungMukoviszidose (Cystic Fibrosis, CF) ist die häufigste, autosomal-rezessiv vererbte Multisystemerkrankung. In Deutschland sind ca. 8000 Menschen betroffen. Die Erkrankung wird durch Mutationen im Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (CFTR-) Gen verursacht; diese führen zu einer Fehlfunktion des Chloridkanals CFTR. Dadurch kommt es in den Atemwegen zu einer unzureichenden Hydrierung des epithelialen Flüssigkeitsfilms und somit zu einer chronischen Inflammation. Rezidivierende Infektionen der Atemwege sowie pulmonale Exazerbationen der Lunge führen im Verlauf zu zunehmender Inflammation, pulmonaler Fibrose und fortschreitender Lungendestruktion bis hin zur respiratorischen Globalinsuffizienz, die für über 90 % der Mortalität verantwortlich ist. Das Ziel der medikamentösen Therapie ist die pulmonale Inflammation und v. a. die Infektion der Atemwege zu reduzieren. Der Kolonisation und chronischen Infektion mit Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Pa) kommt die größte Bedeutung zu. Diese führt zu weiterem Verlust an Lungenfunktion. Für die medikamentöse Therapie der chronischen Pa-Infektion stehen viele unterschiedliche Therapieoptionen zur Verfügung.Mit dieser S3-Leitlinie wird eine einheitliche Definition für die chronische Pa-Infektion implementiert sowie eine evidenzbasierte Diagnostik und Therapie dargelegt, um eine Orientierung bei der individuellen Therapieentscheidung zu geben.

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Lê, Sylvie, Matthieu Minty, Émile Boyer, Vincent Blasco-Baque, Martine Bonnaure-Mallet, and Vincent Meuric. "Microbiote buccal et foie." médecine/sciences 40, no. 1 (January 2024): 42–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/medsci/2023194.

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Le foie possède de nombreuses fonctions biologiques importantes pour l’organisme. Il peut être atteint par diverses maladies, telles que les hépatites virales ou médicamenteuses, la fibrose et la cirrhose. Lors de ces affections, les hépatocytes endommagés sont progressivement remplacés par du tissu cicatriciel. Par ailleurs, une altération du microbiote oral peut être à l’origine d’une altération des réponses immunitaires et ainsi contribuer au développement d’une inflammation qui touchera également le foie. En effet, les personnes souffrant d’hémochromatose ou de stéatose hépatique non alcoolique présentent des anomalies importantes du microbiote oral. De même, des concentrations élevées de certaines bactéries colonisant la cavité buccale, telles que Porphyromonas gingivalis, sont associées à des facteurs de risque accrus de stéatose hépatique non alcoolique.

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Kresoja, Karl-Patrik, Karl-Philipp Rommel, Holger Thiele, and Philipp Lurz. "Adipositas und HFpEF – Henne oder Ei?" Adipositas - Ursachen, Folgeerkrankungen, Therapie 15, no. 01 (March 2021): 21–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-1325-7517.

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ZusammenfassungHerzinsuffizienz mit erhaltener Pumpfunktion (HFpEF) ist wahrscheinlich eine der am häufigsten übersehenen Ursachen für das Vorliegen einer Belastungsdyspnoe bei Patienten mit Adipositas. Patienten mit Adipositas-assoziierter HFpEF machen bis zu 80 % aller HFpEF Patienten aus, und eine individualisierte Therapie für diese Patientengruppe zu finden ist von größter Wichtigkeit. Patienten mit Adipositas-assoziierter HFpEF sind gekennzeichnet durch eine progressive Expansion und Umwandlung des vor allem epikardialen Fettgewebes, einer Erhöhung des Plasmavolumens, einer verstärkten lokalen und systemischen Inflammation sowie einer ausgeprägten myokardialen Fibrose. Diese Veränderungen münden in einer ausgeprägten Belastungsintoleranz, Anfälligkeit für Volumenänderungen sowie einer sich intensivierenden Kaskade von Komorbiditäten. Individualisierte Therapien zur Behandlung der Adipositas-assoziierten HFpEF sind auf dem Weg und könnten erstmalige Erfolge bei der Behandlung des heterogenen HFpEF-Syndroms bringen.

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Kopf, S., M. Höffgen, JB Gröner, R. Cheko, Z. Kender, V. Kumar, E. Kliemank, T. Fleming, M. Kreuter, and PP Nawroth. "Renale und pulmonale Fibrose in Diabetes mellitus Typ 2 – chronische Inflammation und DNA-Schäden als gemeinsame Marker für Spätschäden." Diabetologie und Stoffwechsel 12, S 01 (May 5, 2017): S1—S84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1601597.

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Muschitz, Christian, Ralf Harun Zwick, Judith Haschka, Hans Peter Dimai, Martina Rauner, Karin Amrein, Robert Wakolbinger, Peter Jaksch, Ernst Eber, and Peter Pietschmann. "Osteoporose bei pneumologischen Erkrankungen." Wiener klinische Wochenschrift 133, S4 (June 2021): 155–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00508-021-01896-x.

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ZusammenfassungAsthma und COPD sind die häufigsten obstruktiven Atemwegserkrankungen. Die chronische Inflammation bedingt eine Induktion von proinflammatorischen Zytokinkaskaden. Neben der systemischen Inflammation tragen Hypoxämie, Hyperkapnie, eine katabole Stoffwechsellage, eine gonadale oder eine Schilddrüsendysfunktion, eine muskuloskelettale Dysfunktion und Inaktivität sowie Vitamin D‑Mangel zu einem erhöhten Knochenbruchrisiko bei. Iatrogene Ursachen der Osteoporose sind die zum Teil langjährigen Anwendungen von inhalativen oder systemischen Glukokortikoiden (GC). Die inhalative GC Applikation bei Asthma ist oft schon im Kindes- und Jugendalter indiziert, aber auch interstitielle Lungenerkrankungen wie die chronisch organisierende Pneumonie, die Sarkoidose oder rheumatische Erkrankungen mit Lungenbeteiligung werden mit inhalativen oder oralen GC behandelt. Bei PatientInnen mit zystischer Fibrose kommt es durch die Malabsorption im Rahmen der Pankreasinsuffizienz, durch Hypogonadismus und chronische Inflammation mit erhöhter Knochenresorption zu einer Abnahme der Knochenstruktur. Nach Lungentransplantation ist die Immunsuppression mit GC ein Risikofaktor.Die pneumologischen Grunderkrankungen führen zu einer Veränderung der trabekulären und kortikalen Mikroarchitektur des Knochens und zu einer Verminderung von osteologischen Formations- und Resorptionsmarkern. Hyperkapnie, Azidose und Vitamin D‑Mangel können diesen Prozess beschleunigen und somit das individuelle Risiko für osteoporotische Fragilitätsfrakturen erhöhen.Eine Knochendichtemessung mit einem T‑Score < −2,5 ist ein Schwellenwert zur Diagnose der Osteoporose, die überwiegende Mehrzahl aller osteoporotischen Frakturen tritt bei einem T‑Score von > −2,5 auf. Eine niedrig-traumatische Fraktur in der Anamnese indiziert eine osteologische Therapie.Neben der Optimierung des Vitamin D‑Spiegels sind sämtliche in Österreich zur Behandlung der Osteoporose zugelassenen antiresorptiv oder anabol wirksamen Medikamente auch bei pneumologischen PatientInnen mit einem erhöhten Knochenbruchrisiko entsprechend der nationalen Erstattungskriterien indiziert.

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Sarbu, Adela-Cristina, and Britta Maurer. "Die interstitielle Lungenerkrankung bei systemischer Sklerose." Arthritis und Rheuma 42, no. 05 (October 2022): 330–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-1893-4920.

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ZUSAMMENFASSUNGDie systemische Sklerose (SSc) ist eine seltene autoimmune Multiorganerkrankung, bei der eine immunvermittelte Vaskulopathie, Inflammation und Fibrose betroffener Organe zu deren Funktionsverlust führen können. Ein häufig betroffenes Organ ist die Lunge, deren Beteiligung, insbesondere wenn nicht früh erkannt, mit einer schlechten Prognose einhergeht. Die interstitielle Lungenerkrankung (ILD) ist eine der häufigsten Organmanifestationen, die bereits früh und nicht selten initial asymptomatisch im Krankheitsverlauf auftreten kann. Daher kommt dem Screening mittels HRCT (High-Resolution Computed Tomography) und Lungenfunktionstest eine große Rolle zu. Bei der Früherkennung ist das HRCT dem Lungenfunktionstest überlegen. Nach Diagnosestellung einer ILD wird in Abhängigkeit von Schweregrad und Progressionsrisiko entweder eine Therapie begonnen oder eine abwartende Haltung gewählt. Dabei gilt es zu berücksichtigen, dass ca. 30–40 % der SSc-ILD-Patienten eine Progression erleben werden. Zum regelmäßigen Monitoring eignen sich insbesondere Lungenfunktionsparameter und eventuell auch das HRCT, sofern strahlenreduzierte Protokolle zum Einsatz kommen. Das therapeutische Armamentarium umfasst neben pharmakologischen immunmodulierenden und antifibrotischen Substanzen bei ausgewählten Patienten auch die Option der autologen Stammzelltransplantation oder der Lungentransplantation. Mit dem Wissenszuwachs in der molekularen Pathophysiologie der Erkrankung erwarten wir in der Zukunft Trends für eine personalisierte Medizin basierend auf spezifischen Bio- oder Bildgebungsmarkern und individualisierten Therapieansätzen.

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Bayaundurova, K. M., M. M. Batyushin, I. V. Sarvilina, N. V. Antipova, and E. A. Sinel’nik. "EVALUATION OF THE INTERRELATIONS OF BLOOD VCAM-1 LEVEL AND CLINICO-MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF CHRONIC GLOMERULONEFRITIS." Nephrology (Saint-Petersburg) 22, no. 5 (October 8, 2018): 64–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.24884/1561-6274-2018-22-5-64-70.

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Chronic glomerulonephritis is characterized by irreversible progression of the pathological process, which leads to the formation of terminal renal failure significantly impairing the patient's quality of life, leading to internal dysfunction and increasing the risk of premature overall and cardiovascular mortality. Consequently, the search for non-invasive methods for assessing the state of renal tissue, including the detection of proteins involved in renal inflammation, fibrosis, intercellular interaction is currently important.THE AIM: To determine the serum levels of the vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) in patients with various forms of chronic glomerulonephritis (CGN) and to clarify its relationship to the development of morphological changes in the renal tissue.PATIENTS AND METHODS: In 80 patients (men and women), with CGN in the acute stage was carried out a detailed clinical and laboratory examination, including determination of serum VCAM-1 by ELISA and performing puncture renal biopsy with the assessment of morphological changes. Statistical analysis of the results was carried out using «Microsoft Office Excel 2010» («Microsoft Corp.», USA) and "STATISTICA 10.0" («StatSoft Inc.», USA).RESULTS. The serum level concentration of VCAM-1 was 719 [643;771] ng/ml. Obtained statistically significant interrelations with enlargement of mesangial space, endothelial growth, capillary walls thickening, mesangial hypercellularity, endothelial hypercellularity, protein casts in tubules, anses capillaries union, fibrose demilunes, podocyte necrosis, hypertrophic remodeling type of resistive type vessels, Ig deposites, IgA deposites, IgG seposites, C3 complement fluorescence, fibrinogen deposites. CONCLUSION: The results of the study demonstrate the important role of VCAM-1 in the development of immunocomplex inflammation in glomerulonephritis. VCAM-1 is a marker of different morphological changes in CGN, and determining the level of VCAM-1 in serum is informative, simple and noninvasive method which provides evaluation of inflammatory process activity, prediction of the risk of morphological changes in the renal tissue structure in patients with CGN.

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Titus, Anto Sam Crosslee Louis Sam. "Macrophage Polarization in Tissue Inflammation and Fibrosis." Clinical Pathology & Research Journal 7, no. 1 (2023): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.23880/cprj-16000175.

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Macrophages are mononuclear phagocytic cells, which have varied phenotypes and perform diverse intricate functions ranging from inflammation to their role in onset and progression of fibrotic diseases

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C.P. "Chez la souris, l'expression pulmonaire d'interleukine 13 est associée à une inflammation bronchique, une hypersecrétion de mucus, une fibrose sous-épithéliale, des anomalies fonctionnelles respiratoires, et une importante production d'éotaxine." Revue Française d'Allergologie et d'Immunologie Clinique 40, no. 4 (June 2000): 503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0335-7457(00)80104-5.

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Volodina, V. D., A. N. Bashkov, S. V. Lishchuk, A. P. Dunaev, Z. V. Sheykh, and M. V. Popov. "CHONDROMYXOID FIBROMA OF THE TEMPORAL BONE SIMULATED CHRONIC INFLAMMATION (Case Report)." MEDICAL RADIOLOGY AND RADIATION SAFETY 67, no. 5 (October 2022): 94–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.33266/1024-6177-2022-67-5-94-97.

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Purpose: To present a clinical case of a benign bone tumor of rare localization – chondromyxoid fibroma of the temporal bone, simulated chronic inflammation. Material and methods: A clinical case of chondromyxoid fibroma of the right temporal bone is presented. X-ray computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the temporal bones were performed before and during hospitalization. Results: Patient T., 29 years old, has been complaining about discomfort, congestion and noise in the right ear for the past 10 years without clear history of acute media otitis in anamnesis. According to the results of MRI of the temporal bones, a tumor of the right temporal bone was revealed. To clarify the diagnosis and for surgical treatment, the patient was referred to the clinic. During hospitalization CT of the temporal bones with contrast enhancement was performed and a tumor in the mastoid process of the right temporal bone with a ring-shaped accumulation of a contrast was determined, differential diagnosis included tumor and chronic abscess. According to the results of morphological examination after radical surgery of the temporal bone, chondromyxoid fibroma was diagnosed. Conclusion: Localization of chondromyxoid fibroma in the temporal bone is extremely rare and having by chance some features can simulate chronic inflammatory process. The absence of a clear history of acute otitis allows more likely suggest the tumor.

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Jasti, Pratima, Suchitra Kumari, Sweta Singh, and PP Anudeep. "Serum versican as a potential biomarker in patients with uterine fibroids: A study from Eastern India." Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care 12, no. 8 (August 2023): 1704–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_320_23.

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Objective: Versican is a chondroitin sulphate proteoglycan with raised expression at site of inflammation, and uterine fibroids are associated with local inflammation. Hence, this study aimed to estimate serum Versican levels in pre-menopausal women with uterine fibroids to evaluate its diagnostic efficiency. Materials and Methods: This case–control study included forty uterine fibroid cases and 40 healthy controls. Cases clinically evaluated with USG findings, that is number, location of fibroid and volume calculated by prolate ellipse formula a × b × c × 0.523 (a – height, b – width, c – depth). Biochemical investigations, that is serum Versican levels, were estimated by ELISA with total cholesterol, HDLc and LDLc. Triglycerides by fully automated chemistry analysers. Serum biochemical parameters were compared and correlated with volume of fibroid. Area under receiver operating characteristic curve was calculated along with cut-off value to determine diagnostic potential of Versican, differentiating women with fibroids. Results: In the present study, patients with fibroids had decreased levels of serum Versican (79.43 ± 18.60) as compared to healthy controls (101.81 ± 28.24, P < 0.001). There was a statistically significant negative correlation (r = - 0. 307, P = 0.04) between serum Versican level and volume of fibroid. Area under ROC was 0.726 (95% CI: 0.616-0.836; P = 0.001). The best cut-off value for serum Versican level was 96.90 ng/ml with 90% sensitivity and 48% specificity. Conclusion: Serum Versican levels were found significantly lower in women with fibroid with a negative correlation with volume of fibroid uterus. Furthermore, extensive study would help in substantiating diagnostic potential of serum Versican in fibroid uterus patients.

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Puspita, Sartika, Siti Sunarintyas, Chairil Anwar, Ema Mulyawati, and Marsetyawan HNE Soesatyo. "Amino acid identification of Bombyx mori fibroin cocoon as biomaterial using liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry." BIO Web of Conferences 28 (2020): 02001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20202802001.

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A fibroin is a natural polymer that serves as a biomaterial because of the mechanical properties, biocompatible, biodegradable and amino acid composition. The mechanical properties of fibroin are influenced by crystalline structures of amino acid and are related to the amino acid composition. it can accelerate the wound healing because it promotes the proliferation of exposure tissue and inhibits inflammation. The study aimed to identify amino acid of Bombyx mori (B. mori) fibroin cocoon as biomaterial that was cultivated in Central Java Indonesia. Liquid Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (LC/MS-Water, USA) was employed. This study found that fibroin of B. mori contains seventeen amino acids and the most abundant amino acid is L-Valin 4.81 % (mg kg–1).

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Don, Emma E., Anadeijda J. E. M. C. Landman, Guus Vissers, Ekaterina S. Jordanova, Emiel D. Post Uiterweer, Christianne J. M. de Groot, Marjon A. de Boer, and Judith A. F. Huirne. "Uterine Fibroids Causing Preterm Birth: A New Pathophysiological Hypothesis on the Role of Fibroid Necrosis and Inflammation." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 15 (July 22, 2022): 8064. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23158064.

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According to recent studies and observations in clinical practice, uterine fibroids increase the risk of preterm birth. There are several theories on the pathogenesis of preterm birth in the presence of fibroids. One theory proclaims that fibroid necrosis leads to preterm birth, though pathophysiological mechanisms have not been described. Necrotic tissue secretes specific cytokines and proteins and we suggest these to be comparable to the inflammatory response leading to spontaneous preterm birth. We hypothesize that fibroid necrosis could induce preterm parturition through a similar inflammatory response. This new hypothesis generates novel perspectives for future research and the development of preventative strategies for preterm birth. Moreover, we emphasize the importance of the recognition of fibroids and especially fibroid necrosis by clinicians during pregnancy.

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Cruz, Antonio A. V., Victor M. Alencar, Ana Rosa P. Figueiredo, Sheila de Paula, Gustavo C. D. Eichenberger, Fernando Chahud, and Moisés S. Pedrosa. "Ossifying Fibroma: A Rare Cause of Orbital Inflammation." Ophthalmic Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery 24, no. 2 (March 2008): 107–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/iop.0b013e3181647cce.

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Sudiono, Janti, Barnabas Howuk, and Cindy Fransisca. "Macrophage and angiogenesis intensity within proliferative non neoplastic and neoplastic oral lesions." Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry 30, no. 3 (November 30, 2018): 215. http://dx.doi.org/10.24198/pjd.vol30no3.16851.

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The most common chronic inflammation involved dental and oral tissue is gingival polyp, pulp polyp, and fibroma that are proliferative non neoplastic and neoplastic condition. Chronic inflammation will induce cells and vascular proliferation as well as biological nature lesion. Previous study revealed that increase macrophage followed by increase angiogenesis intensity. Increase angiogenesis or vascular proliferation indicates progressive growth in form of proliferative non neoplastic or neoplastic disease outside of their easily bleeding clinical features. This study evaluated macrophage and angiogenesis intensity and their correlation within such oral lesions. Samples used are of oral mucosa excision with clinical diagnose of gingival polyp (n=3); pulp polyp (n=3); and fibroma (n=3). Macrophage was detected using immunostaining with CD68 antibody resulted in brown staining cell membrane under light microscope while angiogenesis intensity evaluated as number of blood vessels. The results showed there was mild positive correlation of angiogenesis intensity and CD68+ as macrophage marker with r=0.31. The angiogenesis intensity showed significant differences (p<0.05) with the highest was in pulp polyp (12.00) followed by fibroma (11.81) and gingival polyp (9.67), however there was no significant difference between non neoplastic lesion (pulp polyp) and neoplastic lesion (fibroma). The CD68+ expression showed no significant differences (p=0.102>0.05) with the highest was in fibroma (51.32±31.64%) followed by non neoplastic pulp polyp (45.82±15.94%) and gingival polyp (29.98±13.51%). This result was in accordance with the biological properties of lesions from the aspect of angiogenesis and macrophage intensity that can be used as parameter for determining the growth and prognosis of lesion.

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Garg, Ankita, Shivani Singh, Satendra Sharma, and Vinay Mohan. "Laser-assisted excision of peripheral ossifying fibroma- A case report." International Dental Journal of Student's Research 11, no. 2 (July 15, 2023): 86–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.18231/j.idjsr.2023.018.

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Localized gingival growths are one of the maximum regularly encountered lesions within the oral cavity, which are taken into consideration to be reactive as opposed to neoplastic. Those lesions encompass pyogenic granuloma, inflammation fibroma, peripheral large cellular granuloma, and peripheral ossifying fibroma (POF). Among those lesions, the Peripheral Ossifying Fibroma (POF) is an occasionally happening non-neoplastic gingival growth with regions of calcification or ossification. That is a case presentation of a 31-year-old woman with gingival overgrowth within the maxillary left molar area. Clinically, the lesion was asymptomatic, firm, pale pinkish, and pedunculated. Surgical excision of the lesion using LASER was carried out followed by histopathologic confirmation with emphasis on the clinical factor.

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Jin, Huan Yu, Yu Liu, Xing Liu, Da Peng Wang, Jian Liu, He Mei Zhang, Chun Yan Zong, et al. "Effect of Gamma Irradiation on the Biocompatibility and Biodegradation of Silk Fibroin In Vivo." Advanced Materials Research 535-537 (June 2012): 2361–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.535-537.2361.

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Silk fibroin has been a raw material for many artificial biomaterials for a long term, because of it good mechanical property and fantastic biocompatibility. As a natural protein, it has more excellences than other chemically synthetical materials. In present, silk fibroin is used to manufacture bone repair material, artificial blood vessel, microcapsules and so on. However, silk fibroin-based biomaterial is not good enough in biodegradation. In our research, we exposed the silk fibroin film under the gamma ray irradiation with the doses of 25kGy and 50kGy and implanted the film subsequently on the back of SD rats. At dates (7th, 14th, 28th, 56th, 84th ) after implantation, we got the tissue with the implanted film and had the pathological analysis accordingly. The results show that the immune cells infiltration and inflammation decreased within a month. And the immune reaction decreased more quickly in the 50kGy group. And cracks of the silk fibroin film appeared earlier in the 50kGy group. From above observation, it is indicated that the silk fibroin film with a higher dose had better biocompatibility than others. And the silk biodegradation was accelerated by the higher gamma ray dose. Therefore, we can conclude that the gamma ray is able to improve the biocompatibility of silk fibroin and accelerated the biodegradation of it.

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Yang, Chun, Sunao Li, Xinqi Huang, Xueshi Chen, Haiyan Shan, Xiping Chen, Luyang Tao, and Mingyang Zhang. "Silk Fibroin Hydrogels Could Be Therapeutic Biomaterials for Neurological Diseases." Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity 2022 (May 2, 2022): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/2076680.

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Silk fibroin, a natural macromolecular protein without physiological activity, has been widely used in different fields, such as the regeneration of bones, cartilage, nerves, and other tissues. Due to irrevocable neuronal injury, the treatment and prognosis of neurological diseases need to be investigated. Despite attempts to propel neuroprotective therapeutic approaches, numerous attempts to translate effective therapies for brain disease have been largely unsuccessful. As a good candidate for biomedical applications, hydrogels based on silk fibroin effectively amplify their advantages. The ability of nerve tissue regeneration, inflammation regulation, the slow release of drugs, antioxidative stress, regulation of cell death, and hemostasis could lead to a new approach to treating neurological disorders. In this review, we introduced the preparation of SF hydrogels and then delineated the probable mechanism of silk fibroin in the treatment of neurological diseases. Finally, we showed the application of silk fibroin in neurological diseases.

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Cai, Jiangyu, Li Zhang, Jun Chen, and Shiyi Chen. "Silk fibroin coating through EDC/NHS crosslink is an effective method to promote graft remodeling of a polyethylene terephthalate artificial ligament." Journal of Biomaterials Applications 33, no. 10 (March 18, 2019): 1407–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0885328219836625.

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Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction using polyethylene terephthalate artificial ligaments is one of the research hotspots in sports medicine but it is still challenging to achieve biological healing. The purpose of this study was to modify polyethylene terephthalate ligament with silk fibroin through ethyl-3–(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide (EDC)/N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) crosslink and to investigate the performance of graft remodeling in vitro and in vivo. After silk fibroin coating, changes in the surface properties of ligament were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and water contact angle measurements. The compatibility of polyethylene terephthalate ligament with silk fibroin coating was investigated in vitro. The results showed the silk fibroin coating significantly improved adhesion, proliferation and extracellular matrix secretion of fibroblast cells. Moreover, a rabbit anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction model was established to evaluate the effect of ligament with silk fibroin coating in vivo. The gross observation and histological results showed that the silk fibroin coating significantly inhibited inflammation response and promoted new tissue regeneration with fusiform cells infiltration in and around the graft. Furthermore, the expressions of collagen I protein and mRNA in the silk fibroin-coated polyethylene terephthalate group were much higher than those in the control group according to the immunohistochemical and real-time polymerase chain reaction results. Therefore, silk fibroin coating through EDC/NHS crosslink promotes the biocompatibility and remodeling process of polyethylene terephthalate artificial ligament in vitro and in vivo. It can be considered as a potential solution to the problem of poor remodeling of artificial ligaments after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction in the clinical applications.

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Szydłowska, Iwona, Marta Grabowska, Jolanta Nawrocka-Rutkowska, Andrzej Kram, Małgorzata Piasecka, and Andrzej Starczewski. "Markers of Inflammation and Vascular Parameters in Selective Progesterone Receptor Modulator (Ulipristal Acetate)-Treated Uterine Fibroids." Journal of Clinical Medicine 10, no. 16 (August 21, 2021): 3721. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10163721.

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The exact mechanism of selective progesterone receptor modulator action in leiomyoma still challenges researchers. The aim of the study was to assess the effects of ulipristal acetate (UPA) on immunoexpression of inflammatory markers and vascularization in fibroids. UPA-treated patients were divided into three groups: (1) good response (≥25% reduction in volume of fibroid), (2) weak response (insignificant volume reduction), (3) and no response to treatment (no decrease or increase in fibroid volume). The percentage of TGFβ, IL6, IL10, CD117, and CD68-positive cells were significantly lower in the group with a good response to treatment vs. the control group. Moreover, the percentage of IL10 and CD68-positive cells in the group with a good response to treatment were also significantly lower compared to the no response group. Additionally, a significant decrease in the percentage of IL10-positive cells was found in the good response group vs. the weak response group. There were no statistical differences in the percentage of TNFα-positive cells and vessel parameters between all compared groups. The results of the study indicate that a good response to UPA treatment may be associated with a decrease of inflammatory markers, but it does not influence myoma vascularization.

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Olivo, G., C. Monaco, and A. Lotto. "La fibrosi retroperitoneale idiopatica. Manifestazioni cliniche: Idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis. Clinical features." Urologia Journal 65, no. 2 (April 1998): 272–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/039156039806500215.

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Retroperitoneal fibrosis (RPF) is probably a partial manifestation of a systemic disease of the connective tissue. The clinical features of RPF are linked to the development of a retroperitoneal fibrous plaque which compresses and obstructs the ureters, the aorta, the inferior cava and the adjacent structures. Ormond's disease is characterised by two clinical stages: the early stage with signs and symptoms very similar to those of any subacute or chronic inflammation and the advanced stage with clinical features attributable to progressive ureteral obstruction, compression of the great vessels and involvement of the digestive apparatus.

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Kim, Dae Won, Won Sik Eum, Sang Ho Jang, Jinseu Park, Dong-Hwa Heo, Seung-Hoon Sheen, Hae-Ran Lee, et al. "A transparent artificial dura mater made of silk fibroin as an inhibitor of inflammation in craniotomized rats." Journal of Neurosurgery 114, no. 2 (February 2011): 485–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2010.9.jns091764.

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Object To improve the safety of dura repair in neurosurgical procedures, a new dural material derived from silk fibroin was evaluated in a rat model with a dura mater injury. Methods The authors prepared new, transparent, artificial dura mater material using silk fibroin from the silkworm, Bombyx mori. The cytotoxic and antiinflammatory effects of the artificial dura mater were examined in vitro and in vivo by histological examination, western blotting, and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analyses. Results The novel artificial dura mater was not cytotoxic. However, it efficiently reduced cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase expression as well as the expression of the proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor–α. Cerebrospinal fluid leakage did not occur after repair of the brain of craniotomized rats with the artificial dura mater material. Conclusions The new artificial dura mater described in this study appears to be safe for application in neurosurgical procedures and can efficiently inhibit inflammation without side effects or CSF leakage. Although the long-term effects of this artificial dura mater material need to be validated in larger animals, the results from this study indicate that it is suitable for application in neurosurgery.

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Islam, Md Soriful, Jacqueline Yano Maher, Sadia Afrin, Szu-Chi Su, and James Segars. "Verteporfin inhibits fibrosis, inflammation and angiogenesis related genes in uterine fibroid cells." Fertility and Sterility 112, no. 3 (September 2019): e349. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2019.07.1003.

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MIRANDA-HENRIQUES, Mônica Souza de, Margareth de Fátima Formiga de Melo DINIZ, and Maria Salete Trigueiro de ARAÚJO. "GINSENG, GREEN TEA OR FIBRATE: valid options for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis prevention?" Arquivos de Gastroenterologia 51, no. 3 (September 2014): 255–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0004-28032014000300016.

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Objectives Panax ginseng, Camellia sinensis and bezafibrate were compared for their lipid-lowering, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties as potential agents to prevent nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and its progression to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Methods Fifty Wistar rats were randomized into five groups: G1 (feed with standard diet); G2 (feed with high-fat diet with 58% of energy from fat); G3 (high-fat diet + standardized Panax ginseng extract at 100 mg/kg/day); G4 (high-fat diet + standardized Camellia sinensis extract at 100 mg/kg/day); and G5 (high-fat diet + bezafibrate at 100 mg/kg/day), given by gavage. The animals were sacrificed eight weeks later and blood was collected for glucose, insulin, cholesterol, triglycerides, AST, ALT, alkaline phosphatase and gamma-glutamyl transferase determinations. The score system for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease was used to analyse the liver samples. Results and conclusions High-fat diet resulted in a significant increase in animal body weight, biochemical changes and enzymatic elevations. Steatosis, inflammation and hepatocellular ballooning scores were significant high in this group. The biochemical and histological variables were statistically similar in the bezafibrate group and control group. Treatment with Panax ginseng extract prevented obesity and histological features of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (steatosis and inflammation) compared to high-fat diet. Camellia sinensis showed a less effective biochemical response, with small reduction in steatosis and inflammation but lower ballooning scores.

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Matyas, John Robert, Claudia Klein, Dragana Ponjevic, Neil A. Duncan, and Gregory N. Kawchuk. "Repetitive in vivo manual loading of the spine elicits cellular responses in porcine annuli fibrosi." PLOS ONE 16, no. 3 (March 23, 2021): e0248104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0248104.

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Back pain and intervertebral disc degeneration are prevalent, costly, and widely treated by manual therapies, yet the underlying causes of these diseases are indeterminate as are the scientific bases for such treatments. The present studies characterize the effects of repetitive in vivo manual loads on porcine intervertebral disc cell metabolism using RNA deep sequencing. A single session of repetitive manual loading applied to the lumbar spine induced both up- and down-regulation of a variety of genes transcribed by cells in the ventral annuli fibrosi. The effect of manual therapy at the level of loading was greater than at a level distant to the applied load. Gene ontology and molecular pathway analyses categorized biological, molecular, and cellular functions influenced by repetitive manual loading, with over-representation of membrane, transmembrane, and pericellular activities. Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis discerned enrichment in genes in pathways of inflammation and skeletogenesis. The present studies support previous findings of intervertebral disc cell mechanotransduction, and are the first to report comprehensively on the repertoire of gene targets influenced by mechanical loads associated with manual therapy interventions. The present study defines the cellular response of repeated, low-amplitude loads on normal healthy annuli fibrosi and lays the foundation for future work defining how healthy and diseased intervertebral discs respond to single or low-frequency manual loads typical of those applied clinically.

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Hao, Liang, Jun Chen, Xiliang Shang, and Shiyi Chen. "Surface modification of the simvastatin factor-loaded silk fibroin promotes the healing of rotator cuff injury through β-catenin signaling." Journal of Biomaterials Applications 36, no. 2 (March 28, 2021): 210–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0885328221995926.

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Rupture of the rotator cuff is a common injury of the shoulder joint in sports professionals. In addition, research on repair of the rotator cuff has gained popularity over the recent years. Given the high rate of re-tear after surgery, it is necessary to design and prepare biodegradable materials with good mechanical properties, for the management of the condition. Consequently, the present study conducted surface modification of the simvastatin factor-loaded silk fibroin for the repair of chronic rotator cuff injury in SD rats. The in vitro experiments were analyzed through scanning electron microscopy and the water contact angle. Additionally, the CCK-8 assay was used to observe the effect of the intervention on the proliferation of BMSCs. Moreover, the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs was detected through the ALP and ARS assays while the expression of osteogenic genes was examined using qRT-PCR and Western blot analysis. Furthermore, a model for repairing chronic rotator cuff tears in SD rats was established in vivo. Thereafter, rotator cuff repair and healing were evaluated through HE staining while Masson and Sirius staining was used to detect the collagen formation ratio. Additionally, the study analyzed the mechanism underlying the effect of simvastatin-loaded silk fibroin. The results showed that the simvastatin-loaded silk fibroin membrane had better biocompatibility and the in vitro experiments confirmed that it could promote the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. In addition, the in vivo HE staining experiments similarly confirmed that it could enhance tendon bone healing and alleviate inflammation in chronic rotator cuff injuries. On the other hand, Masson and Sirius staining showed that the simvastatin-loaded silk fibroin could promote the formation of collagen. Further analysis also revealed that it could promote the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs by activating the β-catenin signaling pathway. In general, these findings suggested that surface modification of the simvastatin factor-loaded silk fibroin was a potential means of improving the healing of rotator cuff injuries and can be implemented in clinical practice in future.

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Sharma, S. K., R. Saini, and Satveer Kumar. "Radical Unilateral Mastectomy for Fibrosed Gangrenous Udder in a Lactating Goat." INDIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY SCIENCES AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 15, no. 02 (November 25, 2019): 76–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.21887/ijvsbt.15.2.21.

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Mastitis reflects the inflammation of the mammary gland, which may occur due to any bacterial infection secondary to teat injury or poor management (Marogna et al., 2010). Radical mastectomy (unilateral or bilateral) is a salvage procedure and indicated in cases of chronic suppurative mastitis, gangrenous mastitis and neoplastic or hyperplastic conditions of the udder (Andreasen et al., 1993; El-Maghraby, 2001; Canle et al., 2004). Gangrenous mastitis is a peracute form of mastitis, characterized by necrosis of the udder tissue, caused by alpha-toxins (Smith and Sherman, 2009). Physical examination of the udder is characterized by discolored (blue- blackish or blue-greenish) and cold udder (Ribeiro et al., 2007). Gangrenous mastitis is one of the most difficult forms of mastitis to be treated (Bloway, 1993), and in very severe cases, gangrene may lead to toxemia and loss of animal life (Ribeiro et al., 2007). Unilateral or bilateral mastectomy is recommended as a pain-relieving procedure for extensive lesions involving udder and in cases of chronic mastitis, gangrenous lesions, or neoplasia (Canle et al., 2004). The present case report describes unilateral mastectomy for the management of incurable extensive fibrosis of udder while allowing the other mammary gland to continue lactation.

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Giménez-Siurana, Ana, Francisco Gómez García, Ana Pagan Bernabeu, Antonio Abel Lozano-Pérez, Salvador D. Aznar-Cervantes, José Luis Cenis, and Pía López-Jornet. "Chemoprevention of Experimental Periodontitis in Diabetic Rats with Silk Fibroin Nanoparticles Loaded with Resveratrol." Antioxidants 9, no. 1 (January 19, 2020): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox9010085.

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Objective: the objective of the present work is to study the effectiveness of treatment with silk fibroin nanoparticles loaded with resveratrol in experimental periodontitis in a diabetic rat model. Introduction: Periodontitis is an inflammatory pathology highly related to other diseases, such as type II diabetes. Both diseases have a specific inflammatory condition, with Interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β and Transforming Grow Factor (TGF)-1β being the most relevant proinflammatory factors. Silk fibroin (SF) nanoparticles loaded with resveratrol (Res-SFN) are a new alternative as a treatment. Methods: 40 diabetic Sprague Dawley male rats were used and periodontitis was induced by ligation. The animals were divided into 5 treatment groups, and 1 mL of treatment was administered once a day for 4 weeks. The groups were: I: Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) 0.8%, II: CMC 0.8% + SF 1%, III: CMC 0.8% + RES-SFN 3 mg/mL, IV: CMC 0.8% + SF 1% + RES-SFN 3 mg/mL, V: Water. A peripheral blood sample was taken every week to quantify the inflammatory profile by ELISA (IL-6, IL-1β and TGF-1β). After 4 weeks the sacrifice was carried out and biopsies of the gum were taken. Results: Treatment with SF and RES-SFN reduced the amount of chemical inflammation mediators (with the exception of IL-1β in comparisons I-IV and II-IV (p > 0.05)), as well as the anatomopathological variables linked to it, in a significant way (p < 0.05). Conclusion: treatment with RES-SFN has reduced local inflammation in this experimental periodontitis model.

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Pandey, Aparamita, Prachi Dabhade, and Anand Kumarasamy. "Inflammatory Effects of Subacute Exposure of Roundup in Rat Liver and Adipose Tissue." Dose-Response 17, no. 2 (April 1, 2019): 155932581984338. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1559325819843380.

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Roundup is a popular herbicide containing glyphosate as an active ingredient. The formulation of Roundup is speculated to have critical toxic effects, one among which is chronic inflammation. The present study analyzed adverse inflammatory effects in the liver and adipose tissue of rats after a subacute exposure of Roundup. Adult male rats were exposed to various doses of Roundup (0, 5, 10, 25, 50, 100 and 250 mg/kg bodyweight [bw] glyphosate) orally, everyday for 14 days. On day 15, liver and adipose tissues from dosed rats were analyzed for inflammation markers. C-reactive protein in liver, cytokines IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, and inflammatory response marker, and prostaglandin–endoperoxide synthase were upregulated in liver and adipose of rats exposed to higher (100 and 250 mg/kg bw/d) doses of Roundup. Cumulatively, our data suggest development of inflammation in lipid and hepatic organs upon exposure to Roundup. Furthermore, liver histological studies showed formation of vacuoles, fibroid tissue, and glycogen depletion in the groups treated with doses of higher Roundup. These observations suggest progression of fatty liver disease in Roundup-treated adult rats. In summary, our data suggest progression of multiorgan inflammation, liver scarring, and dysfunction post short-term exposure of Roundup in adult male rats.

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Arkhipova, A. Y., M. A. Nosenko, N. V. Malyuchenko, R. V. Zvartsev, A. M. Moisenovich, A. S. Zhdanova, T. V. Vasil’eva, et al. "Effects of fibroin microcarriers on inflammation and regeneration of deep skin wounds in mice." Biochemistry (Moscow) 81, no. 11 (November 2016): 1251–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0006297916110031.

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Protic, Olga, Md Islam, Stefania Greco, Stefano Giannubilo, Pasquale Lamanna, Felice Petraglia, Andrea Ciavattini, Mario Castellucci, Boris Hinz, and Pasquapina Ciarmela. "Activin A in Inflammation, Tissue Repair, and Fibrosis: Possible Role as Inflammatory and Fibrotic Mediator of Uterine Fibroid Development and Growth." Seminars in Reproductive Medicine 35, no. 06 (November 2017): 499–509. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1607265.

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AbstractThe growth factor activin A belongs to the transforming growth factor-β superfamily and was initially isolated as an inducer of follicle-stimulating hormone secretion. Activin A was later found to play roles in cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and metabolism. More recently, activin A has also been recognized as a novel player in mediating inflammation, immunity, wound repair, and fibrosis. Elevated levels of activin A during inflammation are responsible for the increased production of extracellular matrix in different pathological conditions, including fibroids. Our group has demonstrated a profibrotic role of activin A in leiomyoma growth. Uterine leiomyoma can be considered as a fibrotic disorder that initiates from myometrial smooth muscle layer of uterus in reproductive-age women and that is driven by a strong inflammatory component. In fertile women, transient inflammation is a physiological and essential process during menstruation, ovulation, and parturition. However, tissue injury from extravasated menstrual blood and/or an altered response to harmful stimuli, such as pathogens, damaged cells, or irritants, can establish chronic inflammation in the uterus, ultimately leading to dysregulated tissue repair. Myofibroblasts are key cells in normal repair and the chronic tissue remodeling characteristic for fibrosis and uterine leiomyoma. In this review, we discuss the role of activin A in inflammation, tissue repair, and fibrosis and we elaborate the hypothesis that it plays a central role in myofibroblast activation and leiomyoma development and growth.

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Safonova, Liubov, Maria Bobrova, Anton Efimov, Lyubov Davydova, Timur Tenchurin, Vladimir Bogush, Olga Agapova, and Igor Agapov. "Silk Fibroin/Spidroin Electrospun Scaffolds for Full-Thickness Skin Wound Healing in Rats." Pharmaceutics 13, no. 10 (October 15, 2021): 1704. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics13101704.

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The main goal of our research was to fabricate electrospun scaffolds from three different silk proteins—silk fibroin from Bombyx mori silkworm cocoons and two recombinant spidroins, rS2/12 and rS2/12-RGDS—and to perform a comparative analysis of the structure, biological properties, and regenerative potential of the scaffolds in a full-thickness rat skin wound model. The surface and internal structures were investigated using scanning electron microscopy and scanning probe nanotomography. The structures of the scaffolds were similar. The average fiber diameter of the scaffolds was 315 ± 26 nm, the volume porosity was 94.5 ± 1.4%, the surface-to-volume ratio of the scaffolds was 25.4 ± 4.2 μm−1 and the fiber surface roughness was 3.8 ± 0.6 nm. The scaffolds were characterized by a non-cytotoxicity effect and a high level of cytocompatibility with cells. The scaffolds also had high regenerative potential—the healing of the skin wound was accelerated by 19 days compared with the control. A histological analysis did not reveal any fragments of the experimental constructions or areas of inflammation. Thus, novel data on the structure and biological properties of the silk fibroin/spidroin electrospun scaffolds were obtained.

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Sommer, Christoph, Hendrik Bargel, Nadine Raßmann, and Thomas Scheibel. "Microbial repellence properties of engineered spider silk coatings prevent biofilm formation of opportunistic bacterial strains." MRS Communications 11, no. 3 (April 19, 2021): 356–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/s43579-021-00034-y.

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Abstract Bacterial infections are well recognised to be one of the most important current public health problems. Inhibiting adhesion of microbes on biomaterials is one approach for preventing inflammation. Coatings made of recombinant spider silk proteins based on the consensus sequence of Araneus diadematus dragline silk fibroin 4 have previously shown microbe-repellent properties. Concerning silicone implants, it has been further shown that spider silk coatings are effective in lowering the risk of capsular fibrosis. Here, microbial repellence tests using four opportunistic infection-related strains revealed additional insights into the microbe-repellent properties of spider silk-coated implants, exemplarily shown for silicone surfaces. Graphic Abstract

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Yazlik, Murat Onur, Arda Selin Tunc, Hatice Esra Colakoglu, Mehmet Rifat Vural, Sukru Kuplulu, Ibrahim Mert Polat, Burcu Oz, Serdal Kurt, and Sevil Atalay Vural. "Effects of Ovarian Pathologies and Uterine Inflammations on Adenomyosis in Bitches." Acta Scientiae Veterinariae 46 (August 8, 2018): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.22456/1679-9216.87473.

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Background: Adenomyosis is a non-neoplastic condition, characterized by the presence of endometrial glands or cells in the myometrium. Adenomyosis is defined by post-operative microscopic examination of uterine tissue and a rarely seen infertility problem in bitches. The process of transformation of healthy uterus into adenomiotic uterus is still a mystery. We aimed to determine role of ovarian pathologies and uterine inflammations on pathogenesis of uterine adenomyosis in bitches.Cases: After ovariohysterectomy, the uteri were fixed and processed by routine methods. Sections were stained with HematoxylinEosin, Masson’s trichrome and Periodic-Acid-Schiff and immunohistochemically; with p53 protein, Ki-67, α-smooth-muscle actin, cytokeratin-CK 8, 14, 19 antibodies, estrogen and progesterone receptors by Avidin-Biotin-Complex-Peroxidase method. Histopathologically, 7 of the collected tissue samples (n = 38) were diagnosed as adenomyosis. There were unilateral (n = 6) or bilateral (n = 1) adenomyosis in which endometrial glands had broken through the myometrium, and in some cases there were fibromyoma, inflammation, papillary hyperplasia and cysts in glands. Vaginal fibroma, fibromyoma and benign mix tumor (n = 1), simple carcinoma (n = 3), carcinosarcoma (n = 3) in mammary gland were determinated histopathologically. In addition to these findings, follicular cysts (n = 4), parovarian cyst (n = 1), adenocarcinoma and Rete ovarii adenoma were diagnosed in some ovaries. The CK 19 was scored at endometrial glands (n = 2) positively and also, muscle fibers were stained positively with α-smooth-muscle actin antibody (n = 7).Discussion: Adenomyosis is an infertility problem in adult dogs and is hard to detect with routine gynecological examinations. Adenomyosis can be seen unaccompanied by other gynecological problems such as endometritis or leiomyomas, while mammary tumors with adenomyosis have been previously reported in women and in only one case of a bitch. Little is known of the interrelationships between gross pathological and endocrine features of ovarian cysts in bitches. Due to the local hormonal imbalance, most of these ovarian tumors and cystic structures might be accompanied with uterine-vaginal and mammary gland pathologies, cystic endometrial hyperplasia-pyometra, adenomyosis, vaginal fibroma and mammary tumors. The hyperestrogenic metabolic state may promote both the invagination process and the overall spreading of adenomyosis into the myometrium. Adenomyosis is often associated with polyps, anovulation, hyperplasia without cytological atypia, and uterine leiomyoma which are produced by hyperestrogenic states. Prolactin appears to induce adenomyosis in mice and hyperprolactinemia may cause myometrial degeneration/weakness and subsequent endometrial invasion in the presence of ovarian steroids in women. Premature decline in progesterone, a problem ensues with prolactin release which can promote hyperprolactinemia or endogenous prolactin release. In addition to hormonal problems, uterine infections, immune factors and their products like cytokines and inflammatory mediators, oxidative stress and free radical metabolism also might have roles in the occurrence of adenomyosis. In the present study, four of seven adenomyotic uterine tissues had inflammation and 3 of 7 cases had pre-inflammatory changes. Changes in uterine tissues may increase cell infiltration and proliferation as well as the activity of immune cells which may promote development of adenomyosis in bitches. It is therefore possible that a defect in the p53 tumor suppressor gene may play an important role in the de novo neoplastic transformation of adenomyosis. In conclusion, adenomyosis can be observed bilaterally or unilaterally in dogs. Tissue damage under the influence of inflammation or hormonal disturbances might have a role in the occurrence of uterine adenomyosis.

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Gu, Ben Jiahe, Dennis Jgamadze, Guoming (Tony) Man, and Han-Chiao Isaac Chen. "4418 Optimization and Validation of a Silk Scaffold-Based Neural Tissue Construct." Journal of Clinical and Translational Science 4, s1 (June 2020): 13–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cts.2020.85.

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OBJECTIVES/GOALS: Our goal is to develop a silk fibroin scaffold-based neural tissue construct and characterize it in a rat model of cortical injury. We aim to optimize the construct for transplantation, test pharmacologic interventions that may enhance its survival, and evaluate its integration with the host brain. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: To optimize cell density and health, silk fibroin scaffolds varying in porosity and stiffness were seeded with E18 GFP+ rat cortical neurons and imaged at DIV 5. Different seeding methods and loads were similarly tested. Constructs, loaded with an inhibitor of apoptosis (ROCK inhibitor Y-27632) or necroptosis (necrostatin-1) in a fibrin hydrogel, were transplanted into aspiration lesions created in the primary motor cortex of Sprague-Dawley rats, and graft survival was compared to negative control at 2 weeks. Lastly, constructs were transplanted and evaluated via immunohistochemistry at 1, 2, and 4-month time points for survival, differentiation, inflammation, and anatomic integration. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Scaffolds with smaller pore sizes retained more cells after seeding. Softer scaffolds, which enhance hemostasis at transplantation, did not compromise cell health on live/dead assay. We anticipate that seeding concentrated cell suspensions onto multiple surfaces of the construct will produce the most evenly seeded and cell-dense constructs. Based on a prior pilot study, we anticipate that necrostatin-1 will significantly improve intermediate-term construct survival. We have observed up to 15% cell survival at 1 month with retained neuronal identity and abundant axonal projections into the brain despite evidence of persistent inflammation; we anticipate similar outcomes at later time points. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: Our construct, due to its exceptional longevity in vitro, manipulability, and modularity, is an attractive platform for neural tissue engineering. In the present work, we optimize and validate this technology for transplantation with the goal of addressing the morbidity burden of cortical injury.

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Vareka, T., M. Vecka, L. Janikova, and M. Zeman. "Th-P16:269 Indices of oxidative stress and inflammation during the statin-fibrate combination treatment." Atherosclerosis Supplements 7, no. 3 (January 2006): 552. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1567-5688(06)82227-0.

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Sally Adel Dardier, El-Agouza M, Hafez Frouk H, Asmaa Abobakr, and Mervat M Omran. "Measuring of serum taurine and beta endorphin in women as a pre-early marker for diagnosis of cancer breast." GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences 25, no. 2 (November 30, 2023): 055–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/gscbps.2023.25.2.0452.

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Objective: Uses of serum level of taurine and beta endorphin as early marker for diagnostic of breast cancer. Method: We selected our patients from Bahia hospital and cancer institute of Cairo university mainly suffered from positive family history of cancer breast ,acute and chronic mastitis and all women presented with benign mass (fibroma/lipoma) and different stages of cancer breast. We measure serum beta endorphin and taurine, beside complete blood picture, liver function ,kidney function and glucose in blood in all of our patients. Result: The data showed highly significant change in liver &kidney function between frank control and stages of cancer(p>0.05) that are clearly at latest stages after doses of chemotherapy, but there are slightly change between inflammation and benign. After we finished all result, we found that there were slightly change of beta-endorphin and taurine at inflammation and benign but further change at stage 1,2 that are continuously change to latest stage Conclusion: Decreasing of serum taurine level &increasing of serum beta endorphin level considered as a highly sensitive per early marker for breast cancer.

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Tariq, Muniba, Hafiz Muhammad Tahir, Samima Asad Butt, Shaukat Ali, Asma Bashir Ahmad, Chand Raza, Muhammad Summer, Ali Hassan, and Junaid Nadeem. "Silk derived formulations for accelerated wound healing in diabetic mice." PeerJ 9 (January 8, 2021): e10232. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.10232.

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Background The present study aimed to prepare effective silk derived formulations in combination with plant extract (Aloe vera gel) to speed up the wound healing process in diabetic mice. Methods Diabetes was induced in albino mice by using alloxan monohydrate. After successful induction of diabetes in mice, excision wounds were created via biopsy puncture (6 mm). Wound healing effect of silk sericin (5%) and silk fibroin (5%) individually and in combination with 5% Aloe vera gel was evaluated by determining the percent wound contraction, healing time and histological analysis. Results The results indicated that the best biocompatible silk combination was of 5% silk fibroin and 5% Aloe vera gel in which wounds were healed in 13 days with wound contraction: 98.33 ± 0.80%. In contrast, the wound of the control group (polyfax) healed in 19 day shaving 98.5 ± 0.67% contraction. Histological analysis revealed that the wounds which were treated with silk formulations exhibited an increased growth of blood vessels, collagen fibers, and much reduced inflammation. Conclusion It can be concluded that a combination of Bombyx mori silk and Aloe vera gel is a natural biomaterial that can be utilized in wound dressings and to prepare more innovative silk based formulations for speedy recovery of chronic wounds.

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Khzam, Nabil, Reza Shah Mansouri, Alexander Poli, and Mahmoud M. Bakr. "Fibrous Epulis Misdiagnosed for Combined Periodontic-Endodontic Lesion." International Journal of Medical and Dental Sciences 6, no. 2 (July 1, 2017): 1546. http://dx.doi.org/10.18311/ijmds/2017/18849.

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Fibrous epulis or peripheral ossifying fibroma is a reactive non-neoplastic condition that affects the gingiva as a result of chronic irritation. A case of a 44 year old female is presented in this study with a gingival swelling related to the maxillary central incisors. The Patient reported a history of trauma ten years ago and a recent root canal treatment of tooth 21, followed by referral to a specialist with a misdiagnosis for a combined periodontic-endodontic lesion affecting the maxillary central incisors. Excisional biopsy of the lesion revealed a diagnosis of ulcerated fibrous epulis with osseous metaplasia also known as peripheral ossifying fibroma. Periodontal debridement was performed to eliminate supra and subgingival plaque and calculus as well as gingival inflammation that could have been the source of irritation. The clinical and histopathological pictures and the surgical procedures associated with management of the periodontal disease are described. The etiological factor behind the development of the gingival reactive lesion remains unknown and could be the history of trauma, the chronic irritation induced by the plaque and calculus associated with the periodontal disease or a combination of both. We endeavour to follow up the case in order to report any recurrence.

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Tariq, Muniba, Hafiz Muhammad Tahir, Samima Asad Butt, Shaukat Ali, Asma Bashir Ahmad, Chand Raza, Muhammad Summer, Ali Hassan, and Junaid Nadeem. "Silk derived formulations for accelerated wound healing in diabetic mice." PeerJ 9 (January 8, 2021): e10232. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.10232.

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Background The present study aimed to prepare effective silk derived formulations in combination with plant extract (Aloe vera gel) to speed up the wound healing process in diabetic mice. Methods Diabetes was induced in albino mice by using alloxan monohydrate. After successful induction of diabetes in mice, excision wounds were created via biopsy puncture (6 mm). Wound healing effect of silk sericin (5%) and silk fibroin (5%) individually and in combination with 5% Aloe vera gel was evaluated by determining the percent wound contraction, healing time and histological analysis. Results The results indicated that the best biocompatible silk combination was of 5% silk fibroin and 5% Aloe vera gel in which wounds were healed in 13 days with wound contraction: 98.33 ± 0.80%. In contrast, the wound of the control group (polyfax) healed in 19 day shaving 98.5 ± 0.67% contraction. Histological analysis revealed that the wounds which were treated with silk formulations exhibited an increased growth of blood vessels, collagen fibers, and much reduced inflammation. Conclusion It can be concluded that a combination of Bombyx mori silk and Aloe vera gel is a natural biomaterial that can be utilized in wound dressings and to prepare more innovative silk based formulations for speedy recovery of chronic wounds.

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Sopta, Jelena, Goran Tulic, Vesna Mijucic, Ljiljana Markovic, and Mirjana Atanackovic. "Cementifying fibroma - clinical characteristics, histological features and correlation." Srpski arhiv za celokupno lekarstvo 136, Suppl. 1 (2008): 32–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sarh08s1032s.

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INTRODUCTION. Cementifying fibroma (CF) is a fibro-osseous lesion which produces cementum. OBJECTIVE. The aim of the current study was to further refine its clinical and histological features and to make clinico-pathological correlations. METHOD. The authors report 10 cases of cementifying fibroma diagnosed at the Institute of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, during 15 years (1995-2005). RESULTS. CF showed no sex predilection (5 males and 5 females). The youngest patient was a 14-year old male, and the oldest was a 54-year old female (the average years were 27.1). The maxilla was the most frequent site (80%). Only one patient had a lesion in the baseos cranii with invasion of sella turcica. All the patients reported history of pain and oedema lasting from 3 to 20 months (medium 10.4 months). Other clinical symptoms were: face assymetry, tooth dislocation and bulbus protrusion. The evolution of the tumour was longer and clinical course indolent in the patients with the mandibular localisation (mandible - 12.3 months, maxilla - 9.5 months). Clinical course and duration of history were in correlation with the histological feature of CF. The main histomorphological diagnostic criterion for CF was psammoma-like structures. Their number and mineralisation of bone spherules varied during the tumour maturation. In old lesions, the number of ?psammomatoid? bodies increased with long anamnesis. On the contrary, dramatic clinical symptoms were described in the CF with stromal haemorrhage and inflammation. We had one patient with secondary superposition of aneurysmal bone cyst in the prime CF. CONCLUSION. Differential diagnosis of cementifying fibroma and other fibro-osseous lesions of cranial bones by histological evaluation only is often difficult and asks for permanent cooperation between clinical doctors and pathologists.

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Koh, Kwang K., Ji W. Son, Seung H. Han, Jeong Y. Ahn, Tae H. Ahn, and Eak K. Shin. "Comparative effects of statin and fibrate on nitric oxide bioactivity and markers of inflammation in hyperlipidemia." Journal of the American College of Cardiology 41, no. 6 (March 2003): 293. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0735-1097(03)82372-0.

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Zymantiene, J., R. Zelvyte, I. Pampariene, A. Aniuliene, N. Juodziukyniene, J. Kantautaite, and V. Oberauskas. "Effects of long-term construction noise on health of adult female Wistar rats." Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences 20, no. 1 (March 28, 2017): 155–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pjvs-2017-0020.

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Abstract The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of long-term building construction noise from refurbishment, which including vibration, on some physiological parameters and histopathological changes of organs of Wistar rats. Twenty 12 month old female rats were divided into two groups: rats group I (n = 10) were exposed to long-term construction noise and rats group II (n = 10) were kept under normal noise level. Study results revealed that long-term construction noise from building refurbishment has an influence on body weight, haematological and some serum biochemical parameters affects caecal microbiota, and causes histopathological changes in the organs of adult female Wistar rats. It was noticed that rats in group I exihibited significantly higher mean values for total protein, albumin and lower values for glucose, AST, ALT, blood urea nitrogen, haematological and caecal microbiota parameters than rats in group II. The most common pathologies were determined in the kidney, liver and lungs. Other observed pathologies were lymphadenopathy, catarrhal inflammation of the intestines, spleen hyperplasia and mammary gland adenofibroma. Single cases were subcutaneous fibroma in the thoracic region, abortus with uterine inflammation and thymus hyperplasia with formation of cysts were found.

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KOH, K. "P1162 Comparative effects of statin and fibrate on nitric oxide bioactivity and markers of inflammation in hyperlipidaemia." European Heart Journal 24, no. 5 (March 2003): 215. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0195-668x(03)94454-x.

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Wu, Tingting, Yuanfeng Chen, Wenping Liu, Kui Leung Tong, Chun-Wai Wade Suen, Shusen Huang, Huige Hou, et al. "Ginsenoside Rb1/TGF-β1 loaded biodegradable silk fibroin-gelatin porous scaffolds for inflammation inhibition and cartilage regeneration." Materials Science and Engineering: C 111 (June 2020): 110757. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.msec.2020.110757.

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Wägner, Ana María, Jose Luis Sánchez-Quesada, Sonia Benítez, Cristina Bancells, Jordi Ordóñez-Llanos, and Antonio Pérez. "Effect of statin and fibrate treatment on inflammation in type 2 diabetes. A randomized, cross-over study." Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice 93, no. 1 (July 2011): e25-e28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.diabres.2011.03.009.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Inflammation – Fibrose'

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