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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Infertility'
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Galli, Iölster Maria Veronica. "Enjeux cliniques dans la consultation du couple infertile : impasses et transitionnalisation." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO20142.
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L’intégration du sexuel infantile dans une organisation sexuelle régie par les capacités spécifiques au sexuel adulte est entravée par la superposition psychique entre l’inachèvement de la sexualité infantile et l’infertilité. L’infertilité est autant liée à des fantasmatiques oedipiennes et à une sexualité infantile phallique (avec les rivalités et les tendances parricides et infanticides correspondantes) qu’aux ambivalences infantiles plus ou moins objectales ou narcissiques de l’analité. De telles représentations menacent le refoulement et déclenchent des mouvements défensifs chez les patients, entraînant la mise en acte des fantasmatiques inconscientes en jeu. Dans une telle conjoncture, la compréhension de l’infertilité et sa prise en charge sont facilement mises en impasse. L’intervenant est entraîné dans des agis contretransférentiels qui soit confirment les fantasmes d’incapacité des patients, soit laissent ces derniers seuls avec les fantasmes en question, ce qui rend stérile l’intervention. La fonction psychique médiatrice du psychologue peut nécessiter d’être étayée par un dispositif qui la préserve permettant la mise en représentation, la différenciation et l’intégration psychique des éléments en jeuThe integration of infantile sexuality in a sexual organisation governed by the capacities specific to adult sexuality is hindered by the psychic superposition of the incompletion of infantile sexuality and infertility. Infertility is both related to oedipal fantasies and infantile phallic sexuality (with the corresponding rivalries and the parricide and infanticide tendencies) and to the more or less objectal or narcissistic infantile ambivalences of anality. Such representations threaten repression and set off defensive reactions in the patients, which leads to the acting out of unconscious fantasies at stake. In such a situation, the comprehension of infertility and its taking charge of are easily put in impasse. The psychologist is led into countertransferential acting outs that either confirm the patients’ incapacity fantasies or leave them alone with these fantasies, making the intervention sterile. The psychologist’s mediatory psychic function can require to be upheld by devices that protect it, allowing the representation, the differentiation and the psychic integration of the elements at stake
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CAMPISCIANO, GIUSEPPINA. "Microbiota & infertility: microorganisms and immune factors in the idiopathic infertility." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Trieste, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11368/2908120.
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In the present work, the possible relationship between the idiopathic infertility, the alteration of the vaginal microbiota and that of the local immune response is investigated. The next-generation Ion Torrent PGM sequencing platform allowed the survey of the vaginal microbial composition, while the Luminex assay permitted the dosage of the soluble local immune mediators.
After the analysis, the women affected by idiopathic infertility showed a vaginal microbiota similar to that of women affected by bacterial vaginosis (Chapter 1) and, especially, to those women who belong to the Intermediate group (Chapter 2).
Among Lactobacilli, L. iners, crispatus and gasseri have a peculiar pattern in women affected by idiopathic infertility. Furthermore, secondary players such as A. vaginae, P. bivia, U. parvum, and E. fergusonii contribute to the affected microbiome. Simultaneously, an altered immune response is detected in the vaginal niche of the Idiopathic group.
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Caselman, Gabrielle, Julia Dodd, Rebecca Altschuler, and Madison Hinkle. "Infertility’s Impact on Relationship Satisfaction: The Role of Sexual Dysfunction and Infertility Stigma." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2019. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/7336.
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Nasseri, Mariam. "Psychological and social aspects of infertility and infertility treatment : the Persian experience." Thesis, Middlesex University, 2000. http://eprints.mdx.ac.uk/13375/.
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This pioneering investigation is based on a longitudinal research, expanding over a 3 year period, exploring the Psychological and Social aspects of infertility and infertility treatment on Persian (henceforth referred to as Iranian) infertile couples attending infertility clinics in Tehran. In phase 1 of the investigation an 85-item questionnaire in Farsi (Persian) was developed and validated, based on a four point Likert-type scale measuring the following factors: Psychological Distress, Social Extroversion, Marital Satisfaction, Attitudes Towards Modem Medicine and Religious Beliefs. In phase 2 of the investigation, lasting over a period of two years, the above 85-item questionnaire was administered at three time phases, namely: initial assessment (when patients first attended the clinic for the purpose of diagnosis of their problem), during In Vitro Fertilisation (IVF) treatment (24 hours before egg collection), and a week after an unsuccessful treatment cycle. The same questionnaire was also administered to fertile couples (the control group) attending the clinics for routine and non-fertility related treatment at three time phases (about three weeks between each administration). The data from the patient group (n = 37 couples) and control group (n = 10 couples), together with data obtained from the general population (n = 197) i.e. those who responded to the items for the purpose of validating the questionnaire (norms), was subjected to statistical analysis. In comparison to norms and control group, infertile patients were more psychologically distressed. This finding is true for both men and women investigated. The degree of this psychological distress, however, is significantly greater for women than for men. Standard Multiple Regression Analyses of the infertile patients' data showed that the main predictors of psychological distress were gender, marital satisfaction, attitudes towards modem medicine, and religious beliefs. F or female patients, marital satisfaction was a significant predictor of their psychological distress. Marital satisfaction was the main contributing factor to the socially withdrawn behaviour of the patients. In phase 3 of the investigation, a year after data collection, examination of patients' notes showed that 7 out of the 37 infertile couples eventually had successful IVF with a term pregnancy. Results of a Stepwise Regression Analysis showed that the degree of psychological distress was the main predictor of pregnancy. In particular, couples who eventually conceived scored lower on psychological distress measures than those who did not. These findings are discussed in line with comparable reported literature on a mainly Western population, and implications of the findings for future research and counselling of infertile patients are outlined.
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Corley-Newman, Antoinette. "The Relationship Between Infertility, Infertility Treatment, Psychological Interventions, and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder." ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/2805.
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The number of women diagnosed as infertile continues to grow every year. The psychological impact of the infertility experience has been said to create distress equivalent to that associated with life-threatening illnesses and has been linked with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Using shattered assumption and stress-buffering theory, this quantitative causal comparative study explored the potential functional relationship between infertility and PTSD. The majority of the (all-female) participants were 24- to 34-year-old college graduates. A 2 X 3 factorial between-subjects ANOVA examined and compared the cause and effect of the independent variables, fertility treatment and psychological intervention, on the dependent variable, PTSD. A multiple linear regression was conducted to understand PTSD symptomology scores. The results revealed that the type of infertility treatment does not impact PTSD symptomatology in medically diagnosed women. However, the main effect of psychological treatment was significant, as was infertility treatment by psychological treatment interaction. Additionally, the impact of fertility problems on the participant's physical health was the highest ranking predictor, which suggests that stress levels in women receiving infertility treatment are equivalent to those in women with cancer, AIDS, and heart disease, as suggested by other researchers. This study has implications for positive social change, in that it may promote better understanding of the psychological impact of infertility and decreased PTSD symptomatology for medically diagnosed infertile women. It opens the door for future research about the effectiveness of psychological intervention, and provides awareness of possible PTSD susceptibility.
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Perkins, Joanne Marie. "Counselling psychology of infertility." Thesis, City University London, 2006. http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/8462/.
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The central theme of this thesis is infertility. It links different areas of my work as a chartered counselling psychologist working with clients experiencing difficulties conceiving. I currently work in private practice specialising in this area. Previously I worked as an NF counsellor at the Assisted Conception Unit of the Lister Hospital in London. Although the term `infertility' is commonly used, being `infertile' means a total absence of reproductive function and this condition is rare (HFEA, 1999). The majority of people presenting with difficulties in conceiving actually have `sub-fertility', where one or more parts of the reproductive system are impaired. Throughout this thesis the term `infertility' is used to refer to both infertility and sub-fertility. I initially became interested in the psychological impact of infertility when a number of close friends started having difficulties conceiving. I observed that whilst there was a wealth of medical support available, psychological and emotional support was somewhat lacking. This led me to reflect on the counselling psychology of infertility. After conducting a review of the infertility literature it became apparent that research contributions from counselling psychologists were somewhat scant. The main body of literature is comprised of contributions from nurses, medical practitioners, clinical psychologists and counsellors working in the field. Part of my motivation in undertaking this degree was to establish the role that counselling psychology can play in the field of infertility. Linked to this, was the motivation to make a difference and raise the profile of infertility within the field of counselling psychology. The thesis focuses on three different areas of infertility that are all linked to the practice of counselling psychology with this client group. Firstly there is an exploratory piece of research. It focuses on the psychological and emotional impact of the infertility experience and the role of counselling. Secondly there is a case study. This is reflexive exploration which focuses on some of the challenging issues that I encountered in my clinical work with an infertile female client. Finally there is critical review of the literature that explores infertility and counselling from a historical perspective. The review places infertility in a historical context so that the complex psychological aspects of the infertility experience today can be more fully understood and appreciated. An overview of each section is now provided.
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WIMBERLY, YOLANDA HILL. "ADOLESCENT BELIEFS ABOUT INFERTILITY." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2002. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1022004818.
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Clark, W. Andrew, and Norman Assad. "Nutritional Supplements and Infertility." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2013. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/2527.
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Gibson, Olga. "Exploring infertility through art." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 1996. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1727.
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This study, entitled "Exploring infertility through art" focuses on researching the use of art to explore the psychogenic, psychological and physiological aspects of infertility and the psychosomatic avenues of expression possibly resulting in, or contributing to, infertility. The term psychogenic means "pertaining to disorders which are functional in origin" (Chaplin, 1973, p. · 391), or "term usually employed of disorders which originate in mental conditions, though they may come to involve physiological changes, as a result of these mental conditions" (Drever, 1978, p. 231). A psychogenic disorder is ''a functional disorder which has no known organic basis and is therefore likely to be due to conflict or emotional stress" (Chaplin, 1973, p. 391). An initial literature review suggested that this specific topic has not been researched previously, and very little literature is available on the use of art therapy with clients with fertility problems. Although there is very little within art therapy literature, however, studies that exist in the wider psychological literature directly related to the subject area have been investigated. A phenomenological method of research was employed to investigate the links between creativity and fertility, and to establish the plausibility of using art therapy interventions within a medical and/or therapeutic setting treating an infertile client population. It was found that art therapy as a healing modality has much to offer women wishing to transform their feelings of loss and grief into creativity and personal power.
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Jobe, Crystal E., Kathleen A. Klik, Stacey L. Williams, and J. G. McCook. "Examining Infertility as a Stigmatizing Condition to Understand Negative Psychological Outcomes of Infertility." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2015. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/8074.
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The Centers for Disease Control (CDC) estimate that approximately 6.7 million or 10.9% of women in the United States, between the ages of 15 and 44 have difficulty getting or remaining pregnant and of these women 6% are considered infertile (CDC, 2012). Infertility is defined as twelve months of regular, 2015 Appalachian Student Research Forum Page 53 unprotected intercourse yielding no pregnancy. Research suggests the experience of infertility has been associated with negative psychological outcomes, such as depression and anxiety. Even more problematic is that infertility can persist for an extended period of time and have long-lasting effects on psychological distress in those who remain unable to have children. Given the negative psychological outcomes experienced by those struggling with infertility, uncovering why and how these outcomes evolve for women with infertility may simultaneously reveal points of intervention to improve outcomes. The present study is premised on the idea that examining infertility in the context of stigma may provide an explanation for the increased psychological distress reported by women experiencing infertility. In the present study, we examined stigma as a framework for understanding the negative psychological outcomes for women who experience infertility. More specifically, we examined the relationship between stigma (public and internalized stigma) and psychological distress and the mediational role of self-esteem and partner satisfaction. The sample consisted of women experiencing infertility (N > 100) who completed an online survey titled “Survey on Women’s Experience with Infertility”. The average woman in the study was 33 years of age (M = 32.8, SD = 6.74), reported being married (70%), and was Caucasian/White (86.6%) and college educated. On average, women in the study had been trying to conceive for almost three years (M= 32.71 months, SD = 12.87). Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to assess the hypothesized relationships between public stigma, internalized stigma, self-esteem, partner satisfaction, and psychological distress. Overall the mediational model was supported, which suggests the relationship between public stigma and psychological distress may be partly explained by internalized stigma, selfesteem, and partner satisfaction. The results provide initial support for a stigma framework as an explanation for the negative psychological outcomes experienced by women struggling with infertility.
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Lilienkamp, Carl R. "The empty womb a Christian perspective on infertility /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 2005. http://www.tren.com.
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Krust-McKay, Meredith J. "Infertility and self-discrepancy theory /." Adelaide, 1998. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PM/09pmk94.pdf.
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Campos, Leite Eduardo Jose. "The peritoneal environment and infertility." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.236107.
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Harris, Tanya Penina. "Genetic analysis of male infertility." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Biological Sciences, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/6545.
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Approximately one in twenty men has impaired spermatogenesis due to mutation of genes involved in the establishment or maintenance of fertility. Our understanding of male infertility is complicated by the variable phenotypes produced by similar genetic changes, largely due to the practise of screening a single fertility gene in isolation.
This thesis aimed to increase our understanding of the role of synergistic mutations in relation to differences in semen quality. Each sample was analysed for mutation in: CAG trinucleotide repeat variation in the X-linked androgen receptor (AR) gene, micro deletion within the three Y chromosome azoospermic factor (AZF) regions, and CAG trinucleotide repeat variation and exonuclease domain mutation in the nuclear polymerase gamma (POLγ gene. These genes have been associated with reduced semen quality in past research.
Each gene region was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), followed by sequencing. Suspected AZF micro-deletions were confirmed by Southern blot hybridisation. Associations with semen quality were evaluated using either a t-test or Gtest for independence at α=0.05.
Yq AZF micro-deletions were observed in 6.6% (14/211) of men with poor semen quality but not in normozoospermic samples (0/104); P<0.001). Micro-deletion frequency was greatest in azoospermic and severely oligoasthenozoospermic individuals (15% and 11.5%, respectively).
AR CAG repeat length ranged from 9-38 CAG repeats in the normozoospermic population (n=98) and 13-31 CAG repeats in men with poor semen quality (n= 119). Variation in AR CAG trinucleotide repeat number was not significantly related to poor semen quality (P>0.05).
Variation in POLγ CAG repeat number was not significantly different between normozoospermic men (n=93) and men with poor semen quality (n= 182); P>0.05. No nucleotide changes were observed in any of the three POLγ exonuclease motifs (n=83 normozoospermic and 191 non-normozoospermic motif, 61 and 65 motif II, and 60 and 64 motif III).
Although most gene regions did not show an association with poor semen quality on their own, there was a general trend towards greater severity of impaired spermatogenesis with the presence of both Yq micro-deletion and mitochondrial DNA substitutions or moderately expanded AR CAG repeats. These results support the idea that male infertility is a complex process, due to many factors, some of which act dominantly and others act in concert.
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Williams, Stacey L., and Judy McCook. "Perceived Infertility Stigma Among Women." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2010. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/8120.
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Infertility affects millions of women in the United States and across the globe. Research has identified negative psychological outcomes of infertility (depressive and anxiety symptoms). Many women (and men) report infertility as the most upsetting event in their lives. Regardless of which partner is infertile, women report questioning their self worth, experience guilt, and feel responsible. Specific reasons why these negative outcomes occur are not well understood. The goals of this study were to examine women’s perceived infertility stigma and explore its role in psychological functioning. Perceived stigma can include shame, embarrassment, or fear of rejection related to holding a stigmatizing attribute. Infertility may be stigmatizing for women given the majority are socialized to want children, and motherhood still is considered women’s primary social role. Feeling of inadequacy or inferiority may result when women perceive themselves as not measuring up to societal expectations or to their own expectations as women. The present study, the first to examine infertility stigma using direct, quantitative methods, included development of a perceived infertility measure, and a pilot test of the measure to examine its relation to psychosocial outcomes. Nine women with infertility from Appalachia were interviewed in-depth. Fully recorded and transcribed interviews were coded for stigma-related content; scale items were developed from this content. The initial 87 items were pilot tested on a sample of women with infertility. Results showed that women report a variety of experiences including perceiving themselves as inferior or less of a woman, trying to keep infertility a secret from others, and being treated differently including in a patronizing way. Women also reported fearing rejection from others including their partners. Details of scale development and preliminary results of pilot testing, including initial validation of the new scale, will be discussed.
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Donnelly, Louise Sian. "Virtual help seeking in infertility." Thesis, Aston University, 2009. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/15300/.
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The aim of this thesis is to explore the infertile individual's use of the Internet and issues surrounding the debate on whether the Internet proves to be a useful tool or one that hinders healthcare. This was achieved by conducting a total of five studies that take a mixed methods and pragmatic approach to answering the overarching questions of the project. The first study explores the strengths and weaknesses of using the Internet for health. The aim of this is to investigate the reasons why people use the Internet, the frequency of use and importantly why it has become a tool in healthcare. The data was provided by four focus groups and was analysed using thematic analysis. The second study aims to extend this investigation to a wider population and to explore the attitudes of individuals toward ehealth by use of a questionnaire. The third study explores the function and impact of language on infertility and fertility website homepages by analysing the pages using discourse analysis. The fourth study then investigates the usability of these websites by analysing eye movements across the pages, responses to the system usability scale and by individual interviews. The final study in this thesis takes the issues of Internet use for infertile individuals further. It explores the experiential accounts of four women with an infertility diagnosis, who regularly use the Internet. It uses narrative analysis to explore the reasons for using the Internet, what they have gained from it and the impact that it has had on their lives. This thesis has identified that patient identity is changing and that this is aided by access to ehealth information. Participants were attracted to the Internet because of its immediacy, its convenience and because enables them to make informed decisions by accessing both medical information and sharing experiences with other infertile individuals.
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Raberi, Araz. "Genetic contributory factors to infertility." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2017. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:4363762b-6c0b-465c-925a-ecc86e772220.
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Introduction: In recent years, the average age of first reproduction has risen significantly, the mean now standing at around 30 years in many countries. The adverse effects of maternal age on fertility and reproduction have been well documented. However, the influence of paternal age on fertility, reproduction and postnatal health is relatively poorly understood, and 50% of all male infertility cases are classed as idiopathic or unexplained infertility. Methods: The aim of this study was to investigate factors that contribute to male infertility, split into two main parts. The first part focused on analysing data collected from patients who had undergone fertility treatment to assess the influence of different factors on infertility, especially at the genome level. The second part attempted to deal with some of the technical challenges of screening and diagnostic methods to study the genome, with the aim of providing tools that would assist future studies in pinpointing genetic factors responsible for infertility, especially in cases of idiopathic infertility. Results: Based on data from the first part of the study, it was determined that advanced paternal age can affect sperm progressive motility, sperm DNA integrity and the fertilisation rate of in vitro fertilisation (IVF) cycles, as well as the development of embryos. Direct analysis of sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF) and degradation levels revealed an association between elevated SDF and impaired embryo development. Furthermore, a correlation was shown between chromosome aneuploidy and variance in SDF and sperm DNA degradation. Moreover, aneuploidy can influence abnormal sperm morphology and consequently also progressive motility. Also, embryo development rate of IVF cycles on day three, demonstrated a significant decline in cycles where the sperm used for fertilisation had a high aneuploidy rate, which can highlight the reduced developmental capacity of aneuploid embryos. From the lifestyle factors assessed, only alcohol consumption significantly correlated with the sperm DNA damage. Therefore, poor semen quality may highlight damage that has been incurred by the sperm DNA. When the semen quality is suboptimal, the intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) technique is suggested as a standard strategy to improve the prognosis of ART. However, when the progressive motility is poor, the ICSI approach is not as effective. Based on our findings and in line with other studies, the only sperm parameter that can be affected by paternal age is sperm motility, which could be an indicator of SDF. Therefore, the decline in ICSI fertilisation rate in patients with impaired sperm progressive motility could be due to sperm DNA damage, and even ICSI cannot improve the fertilisation rate considerably. Discussion: The aim of the second part of this project was to establish a robust workflow for whole- genome amplification (WGA) and whole-genome sequencing of single cells to improve the coverage rate and fidelity, with the aim of providing means of detecting any mutation in the genome that might be responsible for reduced embryonic developmental competence. Towards this end, the efficiencies of two different WGA protocols (REPLI-g and TruePrime) were compared. Multiple technical factors required optimisation in order to create a suitable protocol. Our results demonstrated the overall superiority of REPLI-g compared to TruePrime in almost all the assessed parameters. The amplification rate of REPLI-g was much faster than that of TruePrime, and prolonged incubation led to overamplification and an increased duplication rate. However, the TruePrime method has a slower amplification rate and therefore, by increasing the incubation time, it was possible to improve the quality of the data. The modified protocol with reduced volume also had the most promising outcome in terms of the data produced, and could fulfil our expectations by being fast, cost-effective and efficient. Conclusion: In conclusion, the results from the first part of this study confirmed the negative impact of male age on assisted reproductive treatments, which can result in decreased success rates of fertilisation. Other factors such as sperm DNA damage may also contribute to this age effect, suggesting that assessing this parameter prior to fertility treatment, and attempting to mitigate elevated levels of sperm DNA damage, may be of value to older patients. Additionally, overcoming the technical challenges in studying genetic contributory factors in infertility is a promising step toward better understanding of the mutations and variations that are involved in this phenomenon.
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Dorff, Rebecca. "Modelling Infertility with Markov Chains." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2013. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/4070.
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Infertility affects approximately 15% of couples. Testing and interventions are costly, in time, money, and emotional energy. This paper will discuss using Markov decision and multi-armed bandit processes to identify a systematic approach of interventions that will lead to the desired baby while minimizing costs.
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Kristensen, Berlin Rebecka. "Infertilitet - Vems rätt att bestämma? : En kvalitativ intervjustudie kring barnmorskors erfarenheter av att arbeta med infertilitet." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för omvårdnad, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-123526.
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Abstrakt (svenska) Titel: Infertilitet – vems rätt att bestämma? En kvalitativ intervjustudie kring barnmorskors erfarenheter av att arbeta med infertilitet. Författare: Rebecka Kristensen Berlin, Umeå Universitet -Institutionen för Omvårdnad Syfte: Att undersöka hur barnmorskans erfarenheter av parens reaktioner uppfattas i samband med infertilitetsproblematik. Studiedesign: En kvalitativ intervjustudie innefattande fyra barnmorskor har genomförts på en barnmorskemottagning. Intervjumaterialet analyserades utifrån kvalitativ innehållsanalys, vilket i korthet innebar följande steg: Materialet transkriberades ordagrant och bröts därefter ned i meningsbärande enheter, för att kunna sortera data utifrån innehåll. Kondensering utfördes i syfte att lyfta fram kärninnehållet. Abstraktion utfördes för att få fram koder, i syfte att reducera mängden text men även för att därefter kunna sammanfoga snarlika ämnen till underkategorier, vilka sedan grupperades i huvudkategorier tillhörande ett gemensamt tema. Resultat: De fyra huvudkategorier som uppkom var känslor, kommunikation, rättighet och prevention. Känslor: Oro, stress samt nedstämdhet var vanligt förekommande. Mäns känslor var svårare att identifiera då kvinnor ibland kom ensamma till besöken, samt män ibland dolde känslor bakom aggressivitet. Kommunikation: God information skapade förtroende. Råd om livsstilsförändringar samt vidareremittering var en viktig form av stöd. Rättighet: Ingen har rätt till barn, men alla ansågs ha rätt att försöka få barn. Privatekonomi samt samhällets krav påverkar dock i stor utsträckning paren vid misslyckade försök eller önskan om ytterligare barn. Prevention: Vikten av information kring infertilitet vid undervisning i skolan, vid preventivmedelsamtal och vid cellprovtagning poängterades. Slutsats: Att vara väl införstådd med de känslor som kan uppstå i samband med infertilitet möjliggör att ge tillfredställande stöd. Särskilda ansträngningar behöver göras för att nå män, såväl emotionellt som preventivt. Stort utrymme för förbättring finns gällande preventiva åtgärder, i syfte att fördjupa allmänhetens kunskaper kring infertilitet. Nyckelord: kvinnlig infertilitet; manlig infertilitet; känslor; barnmorska; kvalitativ forskningAbstract (English) Title: Infertility. Who´s right to decide? A qualitative interview study regarding midwives experiences to work with infertility. Author: Rebecka Kristensen Berlin, Umeå University- Department of nursing Objective: To investigate midwives thoughts and experiences regarding couples reactions in connection with infertility. Study design: A qualitative interview study comprising four midwives have been conducted. The resulting data was analyzed using qualitative content analysis, consisting of the following steps: The material was transcribed verbatim and then broken down into sentences, to aid in sorting the data based on content. Condensation was carried out in order to highlight the core content. Abstraction was performed to obtain codes, in order to reduce the amount of text , but also to subsequently merge similar content into subcategories , which were then grouped into categories. Results: Four main categories emerged. Feelings: anxiety, stress and depression were common. Men’s feelings were more difficult to identify since women sometimes came alone to appointments, and men sometimes concealed their feelings behind aggression. Communication: Good information created trust. Advice on lifestyle changes and referrals were important forms of support. Empowerment: No-one has the right to a child, but the right to try to have a child. Personal and societal demands, however, affect the couples at failure to conceive or desire for additional children. Prevention: The importance of information about fertility in school, at contraception counselling and routine smear exams was emphasized. Conclusion: Awareness of the feelings that infertility may give rise to, enables providing satisfactory support. Further efforts need to be made to reach males emotionally as well as preventatively. There is great possibility for improvement in regards to public awareness about infertility. Keywords: female infertility; male infertility; emotions; midwife; qualitative research
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Mounce, Ginny. "Experiences of the early 'infertility journey' : an ethnography of couples commencing infertility investigations and treatment." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2017. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/841974/.
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Infertility is a significant life event affecting around one in seven couples in the UK. The development of Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ARTs) such as In Vitro Fertilisation (IVF) have encouraged the idea that infertility can, and should, be treated. By seeking medical attention to overcome this condition, couples are understood to have begun an ‘infertility journey’. The study aim was to investigate the experiences of couples starting infertility investigations and treatments. Using an ethnographic methodology with a longitudinal design, involving iterative rounds of observation and interviews with the same participants. The findings show couples were resistant to becoming fertility patients and starting treatments, and this was often connected to the meaning that infertility had for them. The discomfort and challenge of this transition, previously described as ‘mazing’, was not always recognised or fully appreciated by the healthcare staff involved with the couples. ARTs are becoming ubiquitous and this has increased the mazing undertaken by couples because of the necessity for multiple treatment cycles. The commercialisation of fertility treatments, often including payment for cycles, is also unhelpful for couples’ decision-making. Couples are jointly involved in negotiating treatments and future planning, but clinics focus almost exclusively on the female partner. The ‘journey’ retains its open-ended quality because treatments, belying their promise and hope, do not usually resolve the uncertainty of infertility. Conclusion Treatments for infertility, including ARTs, are portrayed as straightforward, however this study finds that couples, particularly during the early stages from first GP referral, are reluctant to engage with medical fertility pathways and do not find the processes ‘routine’. By acknowledging this, and showing an interest in the personal and social context of their patients’ infertility, clinical staff can demonstrate they are listening to their patients. Couples may find this altered communication helps improve their experiences of fertility treatments.
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Sobirova, Kamola. "Jämförelse av effekten av letrozol och klomifen vid behandling av kvinnlig infertilitet." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för kemi och biomedicin (KOB), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-104462.
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Bakgrund: Infertilitet är ett sjukdomstillstånd som innebär att ett par inte kan uppnå en klinisk graviditet under mer än ett år av försök. Det är mellan 10-15 % av alla par i fertil ålder som drabbas av tillståndet i varje land. Orsaken som hittas i 90 procent av fallen är antingen manliga, kvinnliga eller gemensamma faktorer. När ingen orsak hittas kallas det för oförklarlig-, eller idiopatisk infertilitet. Innan diagnostisering och eventuell behandling utförs därför noga utredningar med analyser på både kvinnan och mannen. Behandlingen bestäms därefter utifrån orsak. Vid kvinnlig infertilitet är in vitro-fertilisering (IVF) den mest vanliga icke-farmakologiska proceduren som används framför allt vid oförklarlig infertilitet och åldersfaktorer. Antiöstrogenet klomifencitrat har i många decennier varit farmakologiska förstahandsbehandlingen vid anovulatorisk infertilitet men vid de senaste 10 åren har den ersätts med aromatashämmaren letrozol som med en liknande mekanism kunnat ge upphov till ovulationsstimulering. Syfte: Syftet med examensarbetet var att utvärdera och jämföra effekterna av antiöstrogenet klomifencitrat med aromatashämmaren letrozol vid infertilitetsbehandling hos kvinnor. Metod: För att uppnå syftet utfördes litteratursökningar av relaterade vetenskapliga studier i den medicinska databasen PubMed. Nyckelorden som användes vid sökning var “female infertility”, “clomiphene” och “letrozole” och därefter hämtades fem randomiserade kontrollerade vetenskapliga artiklar (RCT) som granskades i resultatdelen av arbetet. Resultat: Samtliga studier, utom studie 5, visade att aromatashämmaren letrozol hade bättre effekt på ovulationstimuleringen och därmed också att uppnå klinisk graviditet än vad klomifencitrat hade. Administrering av letrozol ledde också till större tjocklek av endometrium och fler antalet mogna folliklar. Å andra sidan visade sig letrozol ge högre sannolikhet till multipla graviditet i studie 5. Det förekom ett par fall av allvarliga biverkningar under administrering av samtliga läkemedel, dock var majoriteten av biverkningarna milda och förekom i form utav huvudvärk, illamående, gastrointestinala besvär, trötthet och värmevallningar. Slutsats: Resultaten tyder på att letrozol är ett mer effektivt alternativ till infertilitetsbehandling av kvinnor. Eftersom den dessutom har mycket lägre halveringstid än klomifencitrat gör den mer säker att använda då det låg östrogennivå är ej optimal hos kvinnor i fertil ålder.Background: Infertility is a condition that is based on a couple not being able to achieve a clinical pregnancy for more than a year of trying. Between 10-15 % of all heterosexual couples of childbearing age are affected by the condition in each country. The cause that is found in 90 percent of cases is either male-, female- or common factors. When no cause is found, it is called unexplained or idiopathic infertility. Before diagnosis and possible treatment, careful investigations are therefore performed with analysis on both the woman and the man. The treatment is then determined based on the cause. In female infertility, in vitro fertilization (IVF) is the most common non-pharmacological procedure used primarily for unexplained infertility and age factors. The antiestrogen clomiphene citrate has for many decades been the first-line parmacological treatment for anovulatory infertility, but in the last 10 years it has been replaced by the aromatase inhibitor letrozole, which with a similar mechanism have effect on ovulation stimulation. Aim: The aim of this thesis was to evaluate and compare the treatment effects of the antiestrogen clomiphene citrate with the aromatase inhibitor letrozole in female infertility. Method: A literature search of related scientific studies was implemented in the medical database PubMed. The keywords used in the searchfield were ”female infertility”, ”clomiphene” and ”letrozole” and then five randomized controlled trial articles (RCT) were selected to be reviewed in the results part of the thesis. Results: All studies, except for study 5, showed that the aromatase inhibitor letrozole had a better effect than clomiphene citrate on ovulation stimulation and thus also to achieve a clinical pregnancy. Administration of letrozole also led to greater endometrial thickness and increased numer of mature follicles. In study 5 on the other hand, letrozole was shown to increase the likelihood of multiple pregnancies. There were a couple of cases of serious side effects during the administration of these drugs, however, the majority of the side effects were mild and occured in the form of headaches, nausea, gastrointestinal disorders, fattigue, and hot flashes. Conclusion: In conclusion, the results suggest that letrozole is a more effective alternative to infertility treatment for women. In addition, since it has a much lower half-life than clomiphene citrate, it is safer to use as low estrogen levels are not optimal in women of childbearing potential.
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Okonofua, Friday Ebhodaghe. "Female and male infertility in Nigeria : studies on the epidemiology of infertility in Nigeria with special reference to the role of genital tract infections and sexual and reproductive risk factors /." Stockholm, 2005. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2005/91-7140-354-X/.
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Andersson, Malin, and Elin Ytterberg. "I väntan på ett barn : En litteraturöversikt som beskriver pars behov inom infertilitetsvård." Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för hälsa och lärande, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-16831.
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Bakgrund: Ofrivillig barnlöshet är ett vanligt problem hos par i fertil ålder och drabbar runt 15–20 % av alla par i västvärlden som önskar få barn. Infertilitet och infertilitetsvård kan bidra till sämre hälsa och kan vara påfrestande för båda parter i paret. Processen kan även leda till ett lidande där sjuksköterskan har en viktig roll. För att bemöta par och tillgodose deras önskemål är det angeläget att studera vilka behov de upplever. Syfte: Att beskriva behov par erfar i samband med infertilitetsvård. Metod: En litteraturöversikt där datamaterial bestod av sju vetenskapliga artiklar varav två kvantitativa, fyra kvalitativa och en av mixad metod. Resultat: I resultatet framkom tre teman, Stöd, Respekt och förståelse samt En utformad och anpassad miljö. Det framkom även sex subteman. Konklusion: Att möta par inom infertilitetsvård kan vara komplext och ytterligare kunskap kring vilka behov de upplever kan vara angeläget. Som sjuksköterska är det viktigt att bidra med stöd och information gällande processen. Det är även viktigt att individualisera vården och se till varje pars egna önskemål. Respekt och förståelse samt anpassning och utveckling av organisationen är angeläget där högre instanser bör bli engagerade.Background: Involuntary infertility is a common problem in couples of fertile age and affects around 15–20% of all couples in the Western world who wish to have children. Infertility and the care can contribute to poorer health, which can be stressful for both parties in the couple. The process can also lead to a suffering were the nurse has an important role to play. To respond to the couple and meet their wishes, it is important to study the needs they experiences. Aim: To describe the needs couple experiences in connection with infertility care. Method: A literature review where data material consisted of seven scientific articles, two of which were quantitative, four qualitative and one of mixed method. Results: From the result, three themes appeared, Support, Respect and understanding and An Adapted and developed environment. There were also six sub-themes. Conclusion: Meeting couples in infertility care can be complex and further knowledge about what needs they are experiencing can be important. As a nurse, it is important to contribute with support and information regarding the process. It is also important to individualize the care and look to each couple's own wishes. Respect and understanding as well as adaptation and development of the organization are urgent where higher instances should become involved.
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Dodd, Julia. "“Infertility finds all the weak spots”: Effects of Infertility on Women’s Mental, Physical, and Relational Functioning." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2018. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/7345.
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Sisson, Gretchen. "Conceiving Infertility: Negotiating the Biomedical Model." Thesis, Boston College, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/1103.
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Thesis advisor: Stephen PfohlAssisted reproductive technologies have transformed the way medicine responds to infertility, as well as the ways those who go through difficulty conceiving understand their bodies and their experiences. In many capacities, however, the biomedical model is insufficient: recognition is contingent upon attempts to conceive, diagnosis is often imprecise or unexplained, and treatments strive for solutions without cures - and are frequently incapable of providing even the former. Interviews with 26 participants with current or recent histories of infertility revealed the ways they negotiate the biomedical model: 1) going beyond medical treatment in making lifestyle changes; 2) pursuing alternative treatments; 3) questioning doctors and playing active roles in determining courses of treatment; 4) using religion, spirituality, or magical thinking to develop other, non-bodily ways of controlling infertility; 5) extracting meaning from the experiences, infusing the objective idea of "disease" with subjective purpose; 6) building personal, alternate models that encompass a wide range of ways of thinking about infertility; and 7) directly challenging the scientific authority of the biomedical model, resisting the terms of treatment, or questioning the ability of medicine to offer them solutions. No participants showed pure compliance - as all included at least one of the negotiations - and none showed full resistance - as all had sought at least some medical treatments. Understanding these negotiations leads to a better concept of patient identity and the "illness" experience; it can inform policy in regards to prevention, education, and insurance mandates; and it better reveals who society permits to pursue parenthood in what ways
Thesis (MA) — Boston College, 2009
Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences
Discipline: Sociology
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Bakun, O. V. "Microbiom at endometriosis associated with infertility." Thesis, БДМУ, 2020. http://dspace.bsmu.edu.ua:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/17657.
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MEYER, MARY KAY. "COPING STYLES OF WOMEN EXPERIENCING INFERTILITY." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2001. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1008623555.
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Lewis, Taylor Gabrielle, and Taylor Gabrielle Lewis. "Infertility Treatment and Traditional Chinese Medicine." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/625038.
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Infertility treatments are sought after by about one in every ten women in the
United States. In vitro fertilization (IVF) and intra-uterine insemination (IUI) are both
relatively expensive and time consuming fertility options for patients and yet still cannot
guarantee pregnancy will be achieved. Incorporating acupuncture into an IVF cycle
creates a sympathoinhibitory effects, decreases pulsatillity index, and promotes
increased uterine artery blood flow and therefore increased endometrial thickness and
increased likelihood of embryo implantation. Additionally, acupuncture normalizes
hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis dysfunction. Incorporating Chinese herbal medicine
(CHM) into an IVF cycle promotes estrogenic effects including uterine support through
the luteal phase. Incorporating CHM into an IUI regimen helps to alleviate the anti-estrogenic
effects of the follicle stimulating pharmaceuticals prescribed. In randomized
trials, acupuncture and CHM significantly increased endometrial thickness
measurements and CHM significantly increased pregnancy and live birth rates when
used alongside IVF. Most patients have negative perceptions regarding traditional
Chinese medicine and are therefore not receptive to using it or incorporating it into their
fertility treatment plan. Because some positive effects and no negative effects have
been found, physicians should continue to recommend these complementary
approaches to their patients, provided the addition of TCM is financially feasible for the
patient.
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Vita, Nancy Elisabeth. "The meaning of infertility to women during their childbearing years /." The Ohio State University, 1985. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487262513410134.
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SAKAMOTO, JUNICHI, HIDEKI KASUYA, NODIRA ZAKIROVA, OYBEK RUSTAMOV, MD HARUN-OR-RASHID, and IZATULLA JUMAYEV. "SOCIAL CORRELATES OF FEMALE INFERTILITY IN UZBEKISTAN." Nagoya University School of Medicine, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/16738.
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Ren, He. "Investigation of meiotic defects in male infertility." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/58929.
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Formation of the synaptonemal complex (synapsis), and crossing over of DNA (recombination) is important for chromosome segregation during meiosis. However, reduced rates of recombination have been observed in infertile men. Our previous study linked decreased recombination on sex chromosomes to increased XY disomy in sperm. This finding elicited our interest in the relationship between autosomal recombination and sperm disomy. We hypothesize that a lack of recombination on smaller chromosomes (21, X and Y) may most likely lead to aneuploid sperm. Using immunofluorescence, and fluorescent in situ hybridization, we examined synaptic errors, recombination, and sperm aneuploidy in infertile, and fertile men. When all infertile men were pooled, the frequency of recombination on sex chromosomes and bivalent 21 negatively correlated to rates of corresponding sperm disomy. Our unprecedented finding suggest that meiotic defects may indeed be leading to infertility, and increasing sperm aneuploidy. Moreover, we previously showed changes in crossover distribution in some infertile men. In this thesis, we examined whether this population display specific crossover distributions that may cause chromosome missegregation. Using FISH, we analyzed chromosome-specific crossover distributions, discovering that some infertile men had increased crossovers in regions where they are normally inhibited, which may disrupt structural proteins involved in segregation. We were also interested in the mechanisms behind meiotic defects, and hence studied telomere homeostasis in infertile men. We found deficiencies in telomere association with telomerase in this population, suggesting that defective telomere function may promote improper synapsis and recombination. Lastly, we examined the meiotic behaviour and sperm aneuploidy rate in an infertile man with a mosaic 45,X(50%)/46,XY karyotype. We found that only 25% of spermatocytes were 45,X, suggesting that half of these cells were arrested. We also noted unpaired sex chromosomes in 12% of spermatocytes. The X:Y sperm ratio was increased, indicating that some 45,X cells may give rise to X-bearing sperm. Even though the patient had higher rates of sperm aneuploidy, the vast majority were of normal constitution. Thus, stringent checkpoints appear to ensure the production of sperm with correct chromosomal complement, and extraction of normal sperm for ICSI may be possible in cases of sex chromosomal mosaicism.Medicine, Faculty of
Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Department of
Graduate
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Illingworth, Nicola. "Gendered embodiment and the time of infertility." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/2027.
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Despite recent attempts to retrieve the body within sociology and the assumption of a now 'embodied' framework, how this should be done remains problematic, contentious and disputed. Current tensions more than partially revolve around the difficulty overcoming the limitations of foundationalist and anti-foundationalist approaches, restricting the development of a truly embodied and empirically driven conceptual framework. Remarkably little theory has entered the body and considered the body in terms of its own inner processes, the result of a persistent ontological queasiness concerning bodily interiority. The exclusion of the interior of the body problematises any integration between not just what bodies mean but also what they can do. As a field of location, I address the question of how both the female body and women's embodied experiences within the field of infertility can be both theorised and explored without succumbing to these limitations. Acknowledging the influence of both feminist and hermeneutic perspectives, and situating my approach within a temporal and biographical framework, I acknowledge both the interior and exterior of the female body. An empirical study of 15 women's experiences of infertility treatment was conducted using life story interviews and researcher-solicited diaries. Analysis focused upon the conditions of meaning-making and understanding, emphasising the biographical and temporally-situated of women's narratives in relation to the female body. By overcoming the difficulties admitting the female body into our analyses, this thesis illuminates the process of embodiment itself in the development of a truly embodied and empirically driven theoretical and conceptual framework in this field.
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Forsey, James Peter. "The investigation and treatment of unexplained infertility." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.280794.
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Irvine, David Stewart. "Defective sperm function in human male infertility." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/18984.
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Dodd, Julia. "The Medical and Psychological Burden of Infertility." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2019. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/7331.
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Klik, Kathleen A., Stacey L. Williams, and Judy McCook. "Stigma as a Framework for Women’s Infertility." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2013. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/8101.
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In the United States, 6.7 million or 10.9% of women, between the ages of 15 and 44 have difficulty becoming or staying pregnant and of these women 6% are infertile (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC], 2012). Infertility is defined as twelve months of regular, unprotected intercourse yielding no pregnancy (Tierney, McPhee, & Papadakis, 1999). For those struggling with infertility there can be numerous negative psychological problems, including depression and anxiety (Jordan & Revenson, 1999). Given the widespread and negative impact of infertility, it is important to further understand and explain the experiences of infertile women. The present work contributes to the literature by qualitatively examining women’s infertility as a stigmatizing experience. Goffman (1963) defines stigma as an attribute that society deems as deeply discrediting and reduces an “individual from a whole and usual person to a tainted, discounted one” (p. 3). Moreover, individuals who possess a stigmatizing condition are likely viewed as a less or inferior person. Because women struggling with infertility are unable to fulfill societal norms that mandate motherhood (e.g., Gonzalez, 2000; Whiteford & Gonzalez, 1995), women experiencing infertility may perceive stigma. The aim of the current study is to explore infertility as stigmatizing in order to provide a more complete framework for understanding negative psychological outcomes among women with infertility. To this end, we conducted qualitative interviews with nine women who had been trying to conceive without success for at least one year. Participants were recruited by newspaper advertisements, campus emails, flyers in local nurse practitioner clinics and local infertility clinics in Johnson City, TN. Interviews were conducted one-on-one and were guided by general questions about the most difficult aspects of infertility and how women’s lives, including social relationships and beliefs about themselves, had been impacted by the experience. Audio-recorded interviews were transcribed verbatim and coded for themes. Five reoccurring themes were identified: culture and norms, feelings of failure and loss of 2013 Appalachian Student Research Forum Page 115 womanhood, infertility as stigmatizing condition, change of world view, and social support. Each of these themes can be discussed in relation to the public and self aspects of stigma. For example, the expectation that females progressing into adulthood will eventually have children influenced infertile women’s interactions with the world around them causing them to feel inadequate and question their purpose in life. Moreover, women in our study reported being constantly reminded of their infertility struggles through everyday social interactions with strangers, family, and friends, some of which included differential treatment due to infertility. These continual reminders led women to internalize the negative beliefs regarding not living up to societal gender expectations or stereotypes. Furthermore, women’s reports of alienation and self-isolation, as well as anger and frustration map onto previous models of stigma-related processes (e.g., Hatzenbuehler, 2009; Richman & Leary, 2009. Thus, stigma theory may provide a framework with which to more fully understand the negative psychosocial outcomes commonly reported among women encountering infertility.
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Fortin, Chelsea. "Women's Attitudes and Knowledge of Infertility Treatments." Miami University Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=muhonors1304603697.
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Crawford, Katherine. "The Role of Huwe1 in Female Infertility." Kent State University Honors College / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ksuhonors1556459729604.
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Roseman, Diane Harriet. "A case-control study of male infertility /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/10894.
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Sok, Sophanna Pimpawun Boonmongkon. "Gender, culture and infertility in Cambodian society /." Abstract, 2006. http://mulinet3.li.mahidol.ac.th/thesis/2549/cd388/4737911.pdf.
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Lemoine, Anna. "Meteorological effects on seasonal infertility in pigs." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2013. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/5059/.
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The presence of seasonal infertility has long been recognised, but its causes are much debated within the farming and scientific communities. Almost half of the UK breeding herd is kept outdoors and is therefore more likely to be susceptible to seasonal infertility. Most research on the matter has been conducted on indoor sows, and so the aim of this thesis was to describe the effects of meteorological conditions on reproductive function in both outdoor sows and commercial boars. The data confirm that both sows and boars suffer from seasonal reductions in reproductive output. Reduced farrowing rates were the major manifestation of seasonality in sows. High temperatures and long days were associated with poor performance. A simulation model of seasonal infertility was developed; with further re�nement this could potentially provide a tool for farmers, allowing them to make managerial adjustments to compensate for low productivity in select months. Seasonal effects on litter size were less apparent when assessed at herd level. However individual sows were found to be more or less susceptible to reductions from summer services, suggesting a genetic predisposition to seasonal infertility. Sow skin temperatures and respiration rates increased with external temperature humidity indices; these increases occurred at a lower threshold following cold conditions. Together with observed thermoregulatory behaviour it appears that UK sows become acclimatised to cold weather and are therefore more susceptible to heat stress when it becomes warmer. Boar semen quality was reduced over the summer and early autumn months, with a higher proportion of abnormalities and lower sperm concentrations. However individual boar and management parameters had a larger effect on semen quality than meteorological conditions. More research into outdoor production systems is required and further links between boar and sow fertility should be made. Producers need to be aware that outdoor sows may behave differently from those on indoor units.
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Kempf, Charles A. "The ministry of the local church to infertile couples." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1992. http://www.tren.com.
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Kratzsch, Dorothea Sophia. "Adipositas ist mit verminderter Spermienqualität und veränderten Konzentrationen an Adipokinen in Serum und Seminalplasma assoziiert." Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2013. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-103681.
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In den letzten Jahren wurde ein inverser Zusammenhang zwischen der Zunahme an Fettgewebe und der Funktionalität von Spermatozoen festgestellt, dessen molekulare Ursachen weitgehend unbekannt sind. Möglichweise spielen Sekretionsprodukte des Fettgewebes, sogenannte Adipokine, dabei eine entscheidende Rolle. Um diese Hypothese zu prüfen, wurden in einer Querschnittsstudie Sexualhormonkonzentionen, Spermiogrammparameter und die Konzentration der Adipokine Adiponektin, Leptin, Resistin, Chemerin, Vaspin, Visfatin (Nampt) und Progranulin im Serum von normalgewichtigen, präadipösen und adipösen Probanden bestimmt. Die Adipokinkonzentrationen im Serum wurden mit den korrespondierenden Werten im Seminalplasma (SP) verglichen. Desweiteren wurden die gemessenen Adipokinspiegel beider Körperflüssigkeiten auf Zusammenhänge mit Sexualhormonkonzentrationen im Blut und den Parametern des klassischen Spermiogramms (WHO) untersucht. Dabei zeigte sich, dass die altersgemachten präadipösen/adipösen Probanden signifikant weniger progressiv motile und normomorphe Spermatozoen aufwiesen als die Gruppe der Normalgewichtigen (p<0,05). In ihrem SP war die Konzentration von Adiponektin signifikant erniedrigt, während die von Chemerin im Vergleich zu normalgewichtigen Männern erhöht war (p<0,05). Außerdem konnte nachgewiesen werden, dass die mittlere Konzentration von Adiponektin (400-fach), Leptin (5-fach), Resistin (1,5-fach) und Chemerin (1,5-fach) im Serum signifikant höher als die im SP war. Demgegenüber fand sich bei Vaspin (4-fach), Progranulin (50-fach) und Visfatin (100-fach) die Konzentration im SP signifikant erhöht. Bei Korrelationsanalysen unter Einschluss der Ergebnisse aus der Gesamtgruppe korrelierte von allen untersuchten Adipokinen nur die SP-Konzentration von Adiponektin direkt und signifikant mit der im Serum (p<0.01). Zudem zeigten Adiponektin, Chemerin und Progranulin im SP direkte Assoziation mit den Spermiogrammparametern Spermienkonzentration, Spermienanzahl und progressive Motilität (p<0.05). Wir konnten erstmals nachweisen, dass eine Vielzahl von Adipokinen im männlichen Reproduktionstrakt präsent sind und dort möglicherweise einen Einfluss auf die Spermienqualität in Abhängigkeit vom Körpergewicht haben könnten.
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Anna, Andersson, and Phan Lisa. "Att inte kunna få barn : Mäns upplevelser av infertilitet." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för hälsa och välfärd, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-30674.
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Infertilitet är en diagnos som kan drabba både män och kvinnor men mannens upplevelser är betydligt mindre utforskat än kvinnans upplevelser. En litteraturstudie genomfördes där syftet med studien var att belysa mäns upplevelser av att leva med infertilitet. Resultatet bygger på 11 vetenskapliga artiklar och består av fyra kategorier; Känslomässiga aspekter, Upplevelser av livspåverkan, Sociala aspekter och Upplevelser av stöd och information utanför relation och familj. Resultatet påvisar att infertilitet kan innebära många olika blandade känslor, exempelvis frustration, skuld, hjälplöshet, besvikelse och utanförskap. Ett alternativ för att uppnå graviditet var att genomgå fertilitetsbehandling, vilket kunde upplevas vara mycket påfrestande. Under behandlingsprocessen kände många män att deras största roll var att vara där för att stödja sin partner. Infertilitet upplevdes även som svårt att samtala om utanför relationen med partnern. För en del av männen blev internetforum för infertila en mötesplats, där de kunde utbyta information samt erfarenheter angående deras livssituation. Männens upplevelser angående hälso- och sjukvårdspersonal varierade. En del tyckte att de fick mycket stöd medan andra upplevde att information från hälso- och sjukvårdspersonalen var knapphändig och det hade kunnat uppmärksammas mer. Männen hanterade sin situation olika, majoriteten sökte stöd hos partnern medan andra män istället sökte sig till familjen. Isolering blev en vanlig konsekvens av infertiliteten då männen inte ville belasta sin familj och vänner.Infertility is a diagnosis that can effect both men and women but the man’s experiences are far less explored than the woman’s experiences. A literature study was done, where the aim of the study was to highlight men's experiences of living with infertility. The result is based on 11 scientific articles and shows four categories; Emotional aspects, Experiences of life impact, Social aspects and Experiences of support and information outside the relationship and family. The result shows that infertility can mean many different mixed emotions, such as frustration, guilt, helplessness, disappointment and isolation. One option for achieving pregnancy was to undergo fertility treatment, which could be perceived as very trying. During the treatment process many men felt that their main role was to be there to support their partner. Infertility was also perceived as difficult to talk about outside the relationship with the partner. For some of the men internet forums for infertile became a meeting place, where they could exchange information and experiences regarding their life situation. The men’s experiences regarding health professionals varied. Some of the men thought they were given a lot of support while others experienced that information from the health professionals was insufficient and this could have been given more attention to. The men dealt with their situation differently, the majority sought support from their partner while other men instead went to their family. Isolation was a common consequence of infertility because the men did not want to burden their family and friends.
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Strömberg, Paulina, and Jennifer Ejderlöf. "Kvinnors upplevelser efter att ha genomgått hysterektomi : En litteraturstudie." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för omvårdnad, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-123137.
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Titel: Kvinnors upplevelser efter att ha genomgått hysterektomi. Bakgrund: Hysterektomi är ett kirurgiskt ingrepp där livmodern avlägsnas. I Sverige genomgår årligen cirka 10 000 kvinnor hysterektomi. Indikationer för hysterektomi kan vara onormala blödningar, postpartum blödning och myom. Syfte: Syftet med denna litteraturstudie var att belysa kvinnors upplevelser efter att ha genomgått hysterektomi. Metod: En litteraturstudie som grundas på åtta kvalitativa studier. Resultat: Resultatet har presenterats i tre huvudkategorier samt sex underkategorier. Anpassning till ett ”nytt liv” – nya möjligheter och att hantera situationen. Förlusten av det reproduktiva organet – infertilitet och kvinnlighet samt sexualitet och relationer. Emotionella påfrestningar – reaktioner och återupplevelser samt bemötande i sjukvården. Konklusion: Upplevelserna bland kvinnor som genomgått hysterektomi är individuella. Det är därför viktigt att sjuksköterskan aktivt lyssnar på kvinnans berättelse om sin situation. Det behövs mer kvalitativ forskning om hur kvinnor upplever bemötandet av sjukvårdspersonal i samband med hysterektomi för att sjuksköterskan ska kunna ge adekvat och personcentrerad omvårdnad.Title: Women’s experiences after gone through hysterectomy. Background: Hysterectomy is a surgical procedure where the uterus is removed. In Sweden approximately 10 000 women undergo hysterectomy annually. Indications for hysterectomy can for example be abnormal bleedings, postpartum haemorrhage and uterine fibroids. Aim: The aim of this literature study was to illuminate experiences of women who had undergone hysterectomy. Methods: A literature study based on eight qualitative studies. Results: The results were presented in three main categories and six subcategories. Adaption to a ”new life” – new opportunities and to handle the situation. The loss of the reproductive organ – infertility and femininity and sexuality and relationships. Emotional strains – reactions and re-experiences and treatment in healthcare. Conclusion: The experiences of women who have undergone hysterectomy are individual. Therefore, it is of importance that nurses actively listen to the woman's story about her situation. There is a need for more qualitative research regarding women’s experiences of the hospitality from the healthcare providers during hysterectomy so nurses can provide adequate and person-centered care.
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Luna, Saavedra Sofia, and Hillevi Edmark. "Upplevelsen av ofrivillig barnlöshet i parrelationer : En beskrivande litteraturstudie." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för hälso- och vårdvetenskap, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-28581.
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Sammanfattning Bakgrund Infertilitet innebär att en individ inte kan bli gravid efter minst tolv månaders oskyddat samlag. Trots utredning får cirka 10–15% som svar att de är oförklarligt barnlösa. Syfte Syftet med litteraturstudien var att beskriva upplevelsen av ofrivillig barnlöshet ur ett parperspektiv samt att beskriva undersökningsgrupperna i utvalda artiklar Metod Studien var en beskrivande litteraturstudie. Datainsamling genomfördes via databaserna CINAHL och Medline via PubMed, resultatet grundades på 13 stycken vetenskapliga artiklar av kvalitativ och kvantitativ ansats. Huvudresultat Dataanalysen av de 13 inkluderade artiklarna resulterade i sex teman. ”Förväntningar med livet”, ”Längtan efter barn”, ”Att inte ha kontroll”, ”Stigmatisering och utanförskap”, ”Hur förhållandet påverkas” och ”Att stötta och uppleva stöd”. Artiklarnas urvalsgrupper analyserades utifrån ålder, kön, typ av partnerskap samt studiens land. Slutsats Längtan efter ett barn resulterade i känslor av ilska, orättvisa och ånger över de prioriteringar som funnits i livet. Många par ifrågasatte meningen med livet och upplevde att de tappat kontrollen. De som drabbats av ofrivillig barnlöshet behöver ses som individer och få anpassad vård efter eget behov, för att ge en ökad trygghet och bidra till ett bättre stöd.Abstract Background Infertility signifies that an individual cannot achieve pregnancy after at least twelve months of unprotected intercourse. Despite the investigation, about 10-15% receive the answer that they are inexplicably childless. Aim The purpose of the literature study was to describe the perception of involuntary childlessness from a couple perspective and describe the sample groups in chosen articles. Method The study was a descriptive literature study. Data was collected from databases CINAHL and Medline via PubMed, the result was based on thirteen scientific articles with qualitative and quantitative approach. Results The data analysis of the 13 included articles resulted in six themes. ” Life expectations”, ”The longing for children”, ”To not have control”, ”Stigmatization and exclusion”, ”How the relationship is affected” and ”Support and experience of support”. The selection groups of the articles were analyzed based on gender, age, kind of partnership and the country of the study. Conclusion The longing for a child resulted in feelings of anger, injustice and regret over the priorities earlier in life. Several couples questioned the meaning of life and experienced a loss of control. Those who suffer from involuntary childlessness need to be seen as individuals and get adapted care to their own needs, in order to increase their confidence and contribute to a better support.
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Ayrout, Mohsen. "IMPACT DE L’HYPERCORTICISME SUR L’AXE GONADOTROPE FEMELLE." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLS262/document.
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Le stress chronique apparait comme une cause importante de troubles de la fertilité chez la femelle. L’hypercorticisme (sécrétion excessive de glucocorticoïdes (GC) surrénaliens) induit par le stress agit sur l’axe de reproduction pour perturber le cycle œstrien et l’ovulation. Chez la femelle, l’axe de reproduction comprend 3 grandes structures : l’hypothalamus, l’hypophyse et l’ovaire. Pour bloquer l’activité de cet axe, les GC agissent via un récepteur spécifique (GR) pour induire une signalisation rapide non génomique et/ou une signalisation génomique tardive. Malgré de nombreuses recherches, les connaissances sur le mode d’action des GC sur cet axe restent fragmentaires. Au cours de ce travail de thèse, l’utilisation de différents modèles cellulaires et animaux nous a permis de mettre en évidence des mécanismes d’action des GC originaux sur l’axe hypothalamo-hypophysaire. Au niveau hypothalamique, nous avons décrit un nouveau dialogue entre les œstrogènes et les GC, qui favorise l’expression d’un neuropeptide hypothalamique inhibiteur, la dynorphine A. Ce neuropeptide pourrait ainsi participer au blocage des sécrétions pulsatiles de la GnRH (Gonadotropin-releasing Hormone) hypothalamique et des gonadotropines hypophysaires indispensables à l’ovulation. Au niveau hypophysaire, nous avons mis en évidence une action paradoxale des GC sur les cellules gonadotropes. En absence de GnRH, les GC stimulent une nouvelle voie de signalisation non génomique, initiée à la membrane plasmique par un GR palmitoylé. Cette signalisation rapide implique la calcium/calmoduline kinase II (CaMKII) ainsi qu’une de ses cibles, la synapsine-Ia. Néanmoins, en présence de GnRH, les GC bloquent la signalisation induite par la GnRH, en empêchant l’activation de la CaMKII, pouvant être à l’origine de l’inhibition de la sécrétion de la gonadotropine LH (Luteinizing Hormone).De nouvelles recherches sont à poursuivre pour approfondir nos connaissances sur les différents modes d’action des GC pouvant être spécifiquement mis en jeu au sein de chacune des cellules, et à l’origine des effets variés des GC au sein de l’organisme. Une meilleure compréhension des mécanismes moléculaires responsables de l’altération de la fertilité, en particulier durant un stress chronique, est essentielle pour envisager l’émergence de nouvelles cibles thérapeutiques innovantesThe chronic stress is an important cause of fertility disorders in female. Stress-induced hypercorticism (excessive secretion of glucocorticoids (GC)) acts on the reproductive axis to disrupt the estrous cycle and ovulation. In female, the reproductive axis comprises 3 structures: the hypothalamus, the pituitary and the ovary. To block the activity of this axis, GC act through a specific receptor (GR) to promote rapid non genomic and/or late genomic signaling. Despite extensive researches, knowledge on the mechanism of action of GC on this axis remains elusive. During my PhD, the use of different cellular and animal models allowed to highlight new mechanisms of GC actions on the hypothalamic-pituitary axis. At the hypothalamic level, we described a new genomic cross-talk between estrogen and GC to promote the expression of an inhibitory hypothalamic neuropeptide, dynorphin A. This neuropeptide could then participate in disrupting the pulsatile secretion of GnRH (Gonadotropin-releasing hormone) and pituitary gonadotropins which are essential for ovulation. At the pituitary level, we demonstrated a paradoxical action of GC on gonadotrope cells. In the absence of GnRH, GC stimulate a new non genomic pathway initiated at the plasma membrane through a palmitoylated GR. This rapid signaling involves calcium/calmodulin kinase II (CaMKII) as well as one of its targets, synapsin-Ia. Nevertheless, in the presence of GnRH, GC interfere with GnRH-induced signaling by preventing CaMKII activation, which may be responsible for the inhibition of LH (Luteinizing Hormone) release.Further researches are required to improve our knowledge on cell-specific mechanisms of action of GC that could explain the diversity of their activities. A better understanding of the molecular mechanisms responsible for fertility dysfunction, especially during chronic stress, is essential for the development of new and innovative therapeutic targets
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Bailey, Vicki E. "Ethical considerations for Christian couples facing infertility and weighing the possibilities offered by assisted reproductive technology." Online full text .pdf document, available to Fuller patrons only, 1999. http://www.tren.com.
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Lee, Geok-ling. "Living through fertility loss the experience of Hong Kong Chinese women and men after in vitro fertilization /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2010. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B43703781.
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Elkhatib, Razan. "Caractérisation de la lamina nucléaire et de ses protéines partenaires au cours de la spermatogenèse humaine." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0203.
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La morphogénèse des spermatozoïdes a lieu pendant la spermiogénèse, la dernière phase de la spermatogenèse.Cette différenciation est accompagnée de modifications drastiques de l’enveloppe nucléaire associées à un fort remodelage chromatinien. Notre travail été centré sur l'enveloppe nucléaire des spermatides pendant la spermiogénèse humaine. Nous avons notamment caractérisé la lamina nucléaire, réseau protéique composant de l’enveloppe nucléaire, et ses protéines partenaires potentiellement impliqués dans les liaisons lamine-chromatine: les protéines à domaine LEM, LBR, la protéine chromatinienne BAF et BAF-L.Nous avons révélé la présence exclusive des lamines de type B concentrées au pôle postérieur à la fin de la spermiogénèse dans les spermatozoïdes, et nous avons identifié et caractérisé l’isoforme testicule-spécifique lamine B3 humain.Nous avons découvert et caractérisé la lamine A2, un isoforme méiotique du gène LMNA, chez l'homme et la souris.Nous avons ensuite étudié ces protéines chez des patients atteints de globozoospermie, et nous avons pu identifier BAF comme un nouveau biomarqueur de l’immaturité des noyaux de spermatozoïdes. Par ailleurs, nous avons identifié la deuxième mutation perte de fonction dans le gène SUN5 chez 3 patients apparentés, et validé son implication dans la mise en place de la jonction tête-flagelle des spermatozoïdes.Notre caractérisation de la lamina nucléaire et ses protéines partenaires au cours de la spermiogénèse humaine apporte une meilleure compréhension de son rôle dans la différenciation des spermatides en spermatozoïdeset peut être la base de nouveaux champs d’investigation cas d’infertilité liés à des anomalies nucléairesThe morphogenesis of mature spermatozoa takes place during spermiogenesis, the last phase of spermatogenesis.This differentiation involves drastic changes in the nuclear envelope associated with profound chromatin remodelling.Our work was focused on the nuclear envelope of spermatids during human spermatogenesis.We have characterized, the nuclear lamina, a protein meshwork component of the nuclear envelope, and its protein partners potentially implicated in the linkage lamin-chromatin: LEM-domain proteins, LBR, chromatinien protein BAF and BAF-L.Our study revealed the exclusive presence of B-type lamins concentrated at the posterior pole of mature spermatozoaat the end of spermiogenisis and we have identified and characterised the testis-specific isoform lamin B3 in human.We have also discovered and characterized the lamin A2, a meiotic isoform expressed from the LMNA gene in human and mouse. By studying abnormal globozoospermic spermatozoa, we were able to identify BAF as a potential biomarker of spermatozoa nucleus immaturity.Moreover, we have identified the second loss-of-function mutation in the nuclear envelope protein SUN5 in three related patients, and thus demonstrated its involvement in the formation of the spermatozoa head-tail junction.Our characterization of the nuclear lamina and its protein partners during human spermiogenesis, provides a better understanding of its role in the differentiation of spermatids into spermatozoa, and provides a solid basis for future investigation of cases of male infertility related to nuclear anomalies