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Academic literature on the topic 'Infections à VIH – Patients – Résistance aux antibiotiques'
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Journal articles on the topic "Infections à VIH – Patients – Résistance aux antibiotiques"
Vandenhende, M. A., P. Blanc, E. Bessede, E. Meriglier, O. Leleux, C. Cazanave, E. Lazaro, D. Neau, and F. Bonnet. "Infections bactériennes chez les patients infectés par le VIH : Profil de résistance aux antibiotiques et évolution au cours du temps." La Revue de Médecine Interne 42 (June 2021): A34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.revmed.2021.03.231.
Full textAdeyemi, F. M., and S. B. Akinde. "ESβL, AmpC and carbapenemase co-production in multi-drug resistant Gram-negative bacteria from HIV-infected patients in southwestern Nigeria." African Journal of Clinical and Experimental Microbiology 22, no. 1 (January 26, 2021): 38–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ajcem.v22i1.6.
Full textSavadogo, M., I. Diallo, AE Diendéré, KA Sondo, and A. Sawadogo. "Les sepsis observés au service des maladies infectieuses du CHU Yalgado Ouédraogo de Ouagadougou : aspects épidémiologiques, cliniques et évolutifs." Revue Malienne d'Infectiologie et de Microbiologie 16, no. 2 (June 2, 2021): 32–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.53597/remim.v16i2.1867.
Full textIllouz, Morgane, Matthéo Alcaraz, Françoise Roquet-Banères, and Laurent Kremer. "Mycobacterium abscessus, un modèle de résistance aux différentes classes d’antibiotiques." médecine/sciences 37, no. 11 (November 2021): 993–1001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/medsci/2021164.
Full textKalambry, Aime, N. Gaudré, Boubacar SI Drame, A. Poudiougo, A. Kassogué, H. Koné, and A. Diarra. "Profil de résistance aux bêta-lactamines des entérobactéries isolées des prélèvements urinaires à l'Hôpital du Mali." Revue Malienne d'Infectiologie et de Microbiologie 14, no. 2 (December 4, 2019): 6–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.53597/remim.v14i2.1363.
Full textMouradi, Sara, Gérard Motte, Stéphane Torner, Pierre Lebugle, Nelly Petitboulanger, Aziz Bemmerzouk, and Pierre-Yves Charles. "Péritonite à Sphingobium yanoikuyae en dialyse péritonéale : à propos d’un cas." Bulletin de la Dialyse à Domicile 6, no. 3 (November 13, 2023): 123–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.25796/bdd.v6i3.80703.
Full textSakr, S., M. Abboud, K. Tawbeh, B. Hamam, and I. Sheet. "A retrospective study of antibiotic resistance patterns of bacterial pathogens isolated from patients in two Lebanese hospitals for two consecutive years (2018 and 2019)." African Journal of Clinical and Experimental Microbiology 22, no. 3 (July 2, 2021): 377–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ajcem.v22i3.9.
Full textGbegbe, D. A., N. P. N'zi, S. Monthaut, N. Guessennd-Kouadio, and D. M. Angaman. "Antibiotic resistance profiles of uropathogenic bacterial isolates in Haut-Sassandra Region, Côte d’Ivoire from January 2019 to December 2022." African Journal of Clinical and Experimental Microbiology 25, no. 1 (January 16, 2024): 38–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ajcem.v25i1.5.
Full textMakanera, Abdoulaye, S. Sidibe, A. Camara, LB Camara, M. Conde, MA Diallo, M. Conde, et al. "Diversité et sensibilité aux antibiotiques de différentes espèces de Pseudomonas à l'Hôpital de l'Amitié Sino-Guinéenne, Kipé/Conakry." Revue Malienne d'Infectiologie et de Microbiologie 14, no. 2 (December 4, 2019): 14–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.53597/remim.v14i2.1364.
Full textManga, M. M., M. Ibrahim, U. M. Hassan, R. H. Joseph, A. S. Muhammad, M. A. Danimo, O. Ganiyu, A. Versporten, and O. O. Oduyebo. "Empirical antibiotherapy as a potential driver of antibiotic resistance: observations from a point prevalence survey of antibiotic consumption and resistance in Gombe, Nigeria." African Journal of Clinical and Experimental Microbiology 22, no. 2 (April 8, 2021): 273–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ajcem.v22i2.20.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Infections à VIH – Patients – Résistance aux antibiotiques"
Fournier, Le Ray Laure. "Impact de l'hôte sur le risque d'émergence de résistance à la bédaquiline chez Mycobacterium tuberculosis." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2021. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2021SORUS380.pdf.
Full textThe aim of my project was to describe and characterise the emergence of bedaquiline (BDQ) resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. In a first study, we performed an in vitro fluctuation test and adapted it for the first time in vivo in immunocompetent and immunosuppressed mice. We found that immunosuppression appeared to increase the risk of resistance emergence, but this increase was not due to an increase in the mutation rate but to greater heterogeneity in this population, with individuals deviating significantly from the mean values and harbouring large numbers of mutants. In a second work, we described the first European case of selection for BDQ resistance by atpE mutation. Finally, we performed a retrospective study of BDQ susceptibility among all MDR strains isolated in France between 2018 and 2020. Genotypic and phenotypic analysis showed that mutated strains are classified as phenotypically susceptible according to the current WHO criteria and that these strains are a mixture of strains with no increase in MIC and strains with a minimal increase in MIC that do not classify the strain as resistant. In conclusion, we have shown that the work classically performed in vitro to measure mutation rate only gives a simplified idea of the complexity of the emergence of resistance in vivo. Our work has also shown that it is difficult with current genotypic and phenotypic tools to distinguish between Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains that are susceptible and those that are resistant to BDQ
Nawfal, Dagher Tania. "Etude épidémiologique de la résistance aux antibiotiques d'isolats cliniques au Liban." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0661/document.
Full textInfections due to multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacteria especially the resistance to carbapenems, have become a major public health problem. This increase in resistance to antibiotics has led to the resuscitation of colistin, as a last-resort treatment option. Our PhD work focused on the epidemiological study of the antibiotic resistance of clinical isolates in Lebanon. This thesis is divided into 5 chapters with three main objectives; (1) the investigation of carbapenem-resistant bacteria in Lebanese hospitals. (2) the Elucidation of the molecular mechanisms of colistin-resistant bacteria in Lebanese patients, and (3) the emergence of vancomycin-resistant gram-positive bacteria in Lebanon. At the start of this thesis, we have prepared a literature review on the epidemiology and the risk factors associated with bacterial infection in conflict wounded and natural disaster in Asia and the Middle East. The second chapter aimed to see the effect of the shift of treatment from colistin-carbapenem combination to colistin monotherapy on the prevalence and resistance of A. baumannii, in addition to the detection of the plasmid-encoded blaVIM-2 gene. In the third chapter, we have detected the spread of colistin-resistant gram-negative bacteria due to mutation of the two-component systems (pmrA /pmrB, phoP/phoQ), or mgrB. We detect the emergence of vanA of Enterococcus faecium resistant to vancomycin. This observation confirms that colistin resistance in Gram-negative bacteria is indeed increasing. In conclusion, it appears necessary and urgent to set up surveys to monitor the use of antibiotics to prevent the spread of resistant strains in Lebanon
Kampo, Djeneba Bocar. "Bases moléculaires de la résistance des VIH-1 de sous-types non B aux nouveaux antirétroviraux." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 6, 2014. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2014PA066301.pdf.
Full textThe availability of antiretroviral therapies, ART to treat HIVinfected patients has been one of the greatest public health concerns in the recent years. Currently, new ART are under development or already available, such as non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase second-generation,integrase inhibitors and attachment inhibitors (inhibitors of viral entry into the cell). However, the long-term success of these treatments faces several challenges, including the emergence of resistances to ART. Also, while most available data being focused on the subtype B of HIV-1 (themost prevalent in northern countries), the majority of HIVcases worldwide are caused by the non-B subtypes, mostly in the South. Access to ARTin this part of the World is significantly and regularly increasing, and therefore highlights again the need to study the molecular basis of resistance of that subtype non-B of HIV-1.In the first part of this thesis, we evaluated the primary resistance withHIV infected patients in two different contexts of health care, South (Mali) and the North (Pitié-Salpêtrière, France). The results show an increase in primary resistance over time in Mali, probably due to an expanded access to ART in the country. We also observed a higher frequency of resistance mutations in virus non-B subtype compared to thesubtype B. In the second part of this work, we characterized the genotypic resistance profiles in patients that received first-line treatment for at least three years in Mali. We found a high level of resistance to non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase first and second generations. Finally, in the third part of this thesis we were interested in studying the nucleotide polymorphism of codons encodingamino acids involved in new drugsresistances. We first compared the genetic barrier to resistance between subtypes B and CRF02_AG for rilpivirine and etravirine, inhibitors of reverse transcriptase second generation. Then, we compared the genetic barrier between subtype B and different non-B subtypes (C, D, CRF01_AE and CRF02_AG) for the attachment inhibitor, BMS-626529. The results show that the genetic barrier of non-B subtypes is similar to those of subtype B for these new molecules
Puissant, Bénédicte. "Facteurs génétiques influençant la réponse au traitement antirétroviral de patients infectés par le VIH : etude des allèles CCR5Δ32, CCR2-V64I, SDF1-3'A, CX3CR1-V249I, CX3CR1-T280M et GHRd3." Bordeaux 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002BOR2P102.
Full textNgouana, Kammalac Thierry. "Diversité génétique d'isolats de Cryptococcus et Candida issus des patients VIH positifs à Yaoundé et étude de leur sensibilité aux antifongiques et aux extraits de plantes." Thesis, Montpellier 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014MON13512/document.
Full textCryptococcus neoformans and Candida species are the main causative agents of yeast opportunistic infections among HIV infected persons. However, information on molecular their epidemiology and antifungal susceptibility are scarce in Cameroon. The main objective of this work was to study the genetic diversity and the antifungal susceptibility against antifungal drugs and plant extracts of C. neoformans and Candida isolates from Yaoundé HIV patients. C. neoformans (25) and Candida (317 among which 113 C. albicans) Isolates were obtained, from 171 and 402 HIV patients at the Yaoundé Central Hospital respectively. They were identified by phenotypic and biochemical characters, by mass spectrometry and quantitative PCR. The genetic diversity of 150 C. neoformans isolates (25 initial isolates and 125 colonies) was carried out by serotyping, microsatellite length polymorphism and PCR-RFLP. The genetic diversity of the 113 C. albicans isolates was performed by genotyping and microsatellite length polymorphism. The identification of C. albicans complex species was achieved by PCR amplification of the Hwp1 gene. The antifungal susceptibility testing of C. neoformans against posaconazole, voriconazole, ketoconazole, itraconazole, fluconazole, amphotericin B and 5-fluorocytosine was carried out by the broth microdilution test using the « Sensititre YeastOne® » kit. The CLSI M27-A3 protocol was used for the determination of the C. albicans isolate's susceptibility against amphotericin B, ketoconazole, fluconazole and itraconazole which are frequently used in Cameroon. The antifungal activity of extracts from Terminalia mantaly, Terminalia catappa and Monodora tenuifolia was performed by a preliminary screening with the determination of minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of crude extracts. Selected extracts were therefore submitted to the bio-guided fractionation. Selected subfractions were submitted to combination assays. C. neoformans var grubii was the lonely Cryptococcus species isolated in cerebrospinal fluids. Fifteen Candida species were isolates from mucosae with C. albicans remaining the most frequent. C. africana has been isolated for the first time in Cameroon. C. neoformans and C. albicans provided 14 and 65 major molecular types respectively. It was also found that a patient can be infected by 2 different molecular types of C. neoformans. C. albicans genotype A was the most frequent. The PCR amplification of the Hwp1 gene allowed the identification of a novel molecular profile among the C. albicans complex and named H (H1-H6). C. neoformans isolates were susceptible to the tested drugs. However, one isolate exhibited reduced susceptibility to fluconazole and one another to 5-fluorocytosine. C. albicans isolates expressed various susceptibility profiles similar to what described in the literature. Furthermore, there was a relationship between the H-typing and the antifungal susceptibility of C. albicans isolates against itraconazole (p-value<0.05). T. mantaly, T. catappa and M. tenuifolia extracts exhibited antifungal activity against tested yeasts. Bioguided fractionation allowed improves of the antifungal activity from crude extracts to subfractions. Synergism was observed, and the most active combination from T. mantaly and M. tenuifolia was also fungicidal on tested yeasts. Conclusively, the present work brings new tools for the comprehension and the better management of C. neoformans and Candida infections among Yaoundé HIV positive patients. The antifungal resistance emergence of yeasts isolates could be compensated by the development of a new antifungal medicine from subfractions combinations of T. mantaly and M. tenuifolia
Kampo, Djeneba Bocar. "Bases moléculaires de la résistance des VIH-1 de sous-types non B aux nouveaux antirétroviraux." Thesis, Paris 6, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA066301/document.
Full textThe availability of antiretroviral therapies, ART to treat HIVinfected patients has been one of the greatest public health concerns in the recent years. Currently, new ART are under development or already available, such as non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase second-generation,integrase inhibitors and attachment inhibitors (inhibitors of viral entry into the cell). However, the long-term success of these treatments faces several challenges, including the emergence of resistances to ART. Also, while most available data being focused on the subtype B of HIV-1 (themost prevalent in northern countries), the majority of HIVcases worldwide are caused by the non-B subtypes, mostly in the South. Access to ARTin this part of the World is significantly and regularly increasing, and therefore highlights again the need to study the molecular basis of resistance of that subtype non-B of HIV-1.In the first part of this thesis, we evaluated the primary resistance withHIV infected patients in two different contexts of health care, South (Mali) and the North (Pitié-Salpêtrière, France). The results show an increase in primary resistance over time in Mali, probably due to an expanded access to ART in the country. We also observed a higher frequency of resistance mutations in virus non-B subtype compared to thesubtype B. In the second part of this work, we characterized the genotypic resistance profiles in patients that received first-line treatment for at least three years in Mali. We found a high level of resistance to non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase first and second generations. Finally, in the third part of this thesis we were interested in studying the nucleotide polymorphism of codons encodingamino acids involved in new drugsresistances. We first compared the genetic barrier to resistance between subtypes B and CRF02_AG for rilpivirine and etravirine, inhibitors of reverse transcriptase second generation. Then, we compared the genetic barrier between subtype B and different non-B subtypes (C, D, CRF01_AE and CRF02_AG) for the attachment inhibitor, BMS-626529. The results show that the genetic barrier of non-B subtypes is similar to those of subtype B for these new molecules
Bouvin-Pley, Mélanie. "Dérive de la glycoprotéine d'enveloppe du VIH-1 au cours de l'épidémie : augmentation de sa résistance aux anticorps neutralisants et amélioration de ses propriétés fonctionnelles." Thesis, Tours, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOUR3803.
Full textMost of HIV-1 infected patients develop autologous neutralizing antibodies against the viral envelope glycoprotein during primary infection. These antibodies exert a selective pressure that leads to the selection of escape variants. We showed that HIV-1 evolved at the population level towards an enhanced resistance to antibody neutralization over the course of the epidemic, subsequently to the selective pressure exerted by the individual autologous neutralizing antibodies responses. This antigenic drift has an impact on the functional properties of the viral envelope. We showed an increasing infectivity associated with an increasing entry kinetic of the most recently transmitted viruses. The contemporary viruses are also more resistant to the inhibitor of fusion enfuvirtide, related to a better use of the CCR5 co-receptor as well as a progressive increasing resistance to the CD4 inhibitor M48U1. Together our results are in favor of a progressive adaptation of HIV-1 species to humans over the course of the epidemic
Touat, Mehdi Benjamin. "Coût de l’antibiorésistance en France : évaluation à partir des bases de données médico-administratives." Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPASV005.
Full textAntimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a major threat to global public health, makes infections more difficult to treat, and potentially jeopardizes medical progress and innovation. AMR is also associated with higher morbidity and mortality. Assessing the economic burden of AMR could highlight priorities in prevention, research and management for decision-makers. The main objective of this Ph.D. dissertation is to assess the economic impact of AMR in France based on data from the National Health Data System (SNDS) database. SNDS contains patient-level medical data and inpatient and outpatient care costs reimbursed by national health insurance. We thus used SNDS to analyse care pathways and associated costs among a population that included all hospitalized patients with acute bacterial infection (classified into 13 infectious sites). First, we investigated the hospital cost from the payer's perspective. Through a matched case-control design, we estimated an additional hospital cost of €110 million caused by AMR in 2015, with an extrapolation showing that the overall cost could reach €290 million. Second, we focused on the effects at 12 months of hospitalization with AMR. In this context, four studies were developed. (1) For patients with resistant infections, a sequence analysis identified five distinct hospital pathways. Longest hospital stays were observed for bone and joint infections, whereas patients with heart and mediastinum infections or lower respiratory tract infections had higher mortality rates. (2) Ambulatory expenditure was studied using a difference-in-difference approach and we showed a low overconsumption due to AMR, limited to the first month following hospitalization. (3) Hospital resource consumption measured by duration of hospitalization due to AMR was increased in acute care hospital stays for infection and in hospitalization at home. (4) Additional hospital cost due to antibiotic resistance during the year following initial hospitalization was estimated at €618 [IC95% 419; 817] per patient. In conclusion, using five economic criteria this Ph.D dissertation has shown that AMR bears a substantial cost burden on the French public health insurance system
Nekkab, Narimane. "Spread of hospital-acquired infections and emerging multidrug resistant enterobacteriaceae in healthcare networks : assessment of the role of interfacility patient transfers on infection risks and control measures." Thesis, Paris, CNAM, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018CNAM1180/document.
Full textLa propagation des infections nosocomiales (IN), notamment liées aux bactéries multi-résistantes, au sein du réseau des hôpitaux, est un grand enjeu de santé publique. L’évaluation du rôle joué par les transferts inter-établissements des patients sur cette propagation pourrait permettre l’élaboration de nouvelles mesures de contrôle. L’identification de nouvelles mesures de contrôle est particulièrement importante pour les bactéries résistantes aux antibiotiques comme les entérobactéries productrices de carbapenemase (EPC) pour lesquelles les possibilités de traitement sont très limitées. L’utilisation des données de réseaux de contact inter-individus et de transferts inter-établissement dans la modélisation mathématique ont rendu ces modèles plus proches de la réalité. Toutefois, ces derniers restent limités à quelques milieux hospitaliers et quelques pathogènes. La thèse a eu pour objectifs de 1) mieux comprendre la structure des réseaux hospitaliers français et leur impact sur la propagation des IN ; et 2) évaluer le rôle des transferts sur la propagation des EPC.Les réseaux hospitaliers français sont caractérisés par des flux de patients vers des hubs et par deux niveaux de communautés des hôpitaux. La structure du réseau de transfert des patients présentant une IN n’est pas différente de celle du réseau général de transfert des patients. Au cours des dernières années, le nombre d’épisode d’EPC a augmenté en France et les prédictions prévoient une poursuite de cette augmentation, avec des pics de saisonnalité en octobre. Ce travail a également montré que, depuis 2012, les transferts de patients jouent avec les années un rôle de plus en plus important sur la diffusion des EPC en France. Des évènements de propagation multiple liée aux transferts sont également de plus en plus souvent observés.En conséquence, la structure du réseau des hôpitaux pourrait servir de base pour la proposition des nouvelles stratégies de contrôles des IN en général, et des EPC en particulier. Les hôpitaux très connectés des grandes métropoles et les flux des patients entre les communautés locale et régionale doivent être considérés pour le développement de mesures de contrôle coordonnées entre établissements de santé