Academic literature on the topic 'Infants'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the lists of relevant articles, books, theses, conference reports, and other scholarly sources on the topic 'Infants.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Journal articles on the topic "Infants"
1
Nizami, Lance. "Too resilient for anyone’s good." Kybernetes 48, no. 4 (April 1, 2019): 751–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/k-11-2017-0451.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose This study aims to examine the observer’s role in “infant psychophysics”. Infant psychophysics was developed because the diagnosis of perceptual deficits should be done as early in a patient’s life as possible, to provide efficacious treatment and thereby reduce potential long-term costs. Infants, however, cannot report their perceptions. Hence, the intensity of a stimulus at which the infant can detect it, the “threshold”, must be inferred from the infant’s behavior, as judged by observers (watchers). But whose abilities are actually being inferred? The answer affects all behavior-based conclusions about infants’ perceptions, including the well-proselytized notion that auditory stimulus-detection thresholds improve rapidly during infancy. Design/methodology/approach In total, 55 years of infant psychophysics is scrutinized, starting with seminal studies in infant vision, followed by the studies that they inspired in infant hearing. Findings The inferred stimulus-detection thresholds are those of the infant-plus-watcher and, more broadly, the entire laboratory. The thresholds are therefore tenuous, because infants’ actions may differ with stimulus intensity; expressiveness may differ between infants; different watchers may judge infants differently; etc. Particularly, the watcher’s ability to “read” the infant may improve with the infant’s age, confounding any interpretation of perceptual maturation. Further, the infant’s gaze duration, an assumed cue to stimulus detection, may lengthen or shorten nonlinearly with infant age. Research limitations/implications Infant psychophysics investigators have neglected the role of the observer, resulting in an accumulation of data that requires substantial re-interpretation. Altogether, infant psychophysics has proven far too resilient for its own good. Originality/value Infant psychophysics is examined for the first time through second-order cybernetics. The approach reveals serious unresolved issues.
2
Zakharova, I. N., I. V. Berezhnaya, N. G. Sugian, and Ya V. Orobinskaya. "Breastfeeding vs. formula feeding: How infant's immune system develops?" Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council, no. 19 (November 28, 2024): 189–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.21518/ms2024-511.
Full textAbstract:
Breastfeeding affects infant’s health over the shortand long-term horizon. Components of breast milk such as immune cells, cytokines, chemokines, lipids, hormones and enzymes play an important role in protecting breastfed infants and contribute to the development of the immune system. The gut microbiome is one of the important role-players in the development of immunity. Its formation is influenced by many factors, and breastfeeding is considered one of the most significant. The gut microbiota composition significantly differs in breastfed and formula-fed infants. It may explain the reduced risk of many infectious and non-infectious diseases in breastfed infants. The main goal of formula manufacturers is to ensure not only healthy physical development of infants, but the same indicators of cognitive development, as well as protection from infections, which are observed in breastfed infants. When choosing a baby formula due to failure to breastfeed, it is important to choose a quality product that has a stimulating effect on the maturation of immunity and the formation of the infant's microbiota. Goat milkbased infant formulas are becoming popular in the world as an alternative to cow's milk-based infant formulas and can be the first choice for optimal nutrition. This review compares the various effects of breast milk and goat milk-based formulas on the formation of infant’s immunity.
3
Wayan, Noviani Ni, and Fitria . "The impact of baby spa on the growth and development of infants aged 3-6 months at Puskesmas I Denpasar Selatan." International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 6, no. 8 (July 25, 2018): 2601. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20183239.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Infancy is a critical period which required special and thorough treatment. The pursuant of optimal growth and development of infant is influenced by some factors which are correlated namely, genetics, environment, behavior, and stimulus. One of the measurements to determine growth is weight. Baby spa is one of physiotherapy for infant and could stimulate infant’s motor movement which has significant influence on their growth and development.Methods: The method of this research was Quasi experimental design using the framework of pretest and posttest with control group design on infants aged 3 until 6 months who are healthy. Kartu Menuju Sehat (KMS) or growth chart was used to record the growth of infant before and after the treatment. Denver Developmental Screening Test (DDST) was utilized to measure the infant’s development before and after the treatment. Baby spa therapy was performed once every two weeks for 12 weeks.Results: The research 20 infants of treatment group and control group statistically showed significant increase before and after baby spa treatment in term of growth and development of infants aged 3-6 months with p value=0.0000. There was an impact of the baby spa treatment towards the growth and development of infant aged 3-6 months based on the p value: 0.021.Conclusions: Baby spa which was performed on infants aged 3-6 months significantly increases their growth and development.
4
Lira, Ana de Lourdes Sá de, Joyce de Moura Crisóstomo, and Sylvana Thereza de Castro Pires Rebelo. "Evaluation of the Maternal Perception of the Oral Health of the Inpatient Infant." Brazilian Journal of Oral Sciences 15, no. 3 (August 11, 2017): 205. http://dx.doi.org/10.20396/bjos.v15i3.8649982.
Full textAbstract:
Aim: To evaluate the mother’s perception of the oral health of their inpatient infants in maternity or infirmary units of a public hospital. Methods: Questionnaire applications were scheduled and educational lectures were carried out on how to sanitize the infant's mouth after breastfeeding, even in the absence of primary teeth, emphasizing the importance of breastfeeding. Results: A significant number of mothers reported that they received no guidance regarding the oral health care of their infants. They had never attended lectures by dental practitioners, as well as they did not know that the use of pacifier, baby bottle and digital sucking habit could interfere with their infant’s oral heath over time. Conclusions: The majority declared that they had no care with the oral health of their infants. Only five mothers of newborns reported that they performed the oral hygiene of them once a day after the first breastfeeding. The mothers showed lack of knowledge on the diseases which can affect their children during early infancy as they had no information on how to prevent them. They did not know that early caries lesions could affect the infant and that harmful oral habits can predispose to the development of malocclusions.
5
Ferro, Lynn, Kameron Sugino, Vanja Klepac-Ceraj, and Sarah Comstock. "Human Milk Oligosaccharide (HMO) Metabolizing Gene Abundances in Human Infant Fecal Samples." Current Developments in Nutrition 5, Supplement_2 (June 2021): 741. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzab046_038.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Objectives To benefit from the complex oligosaccharides found in human milk, an infant relies on microbial metabolism of these compounds. The main objective of this study was to determine the abundance of Bifidobacterium infantis human milk oligosaccharide (HMO) metabolizing genes in infant fecal samples. Methods Fecal samples from 40 6-mos-old infants were collected. Genomic DNA was extracted, and quantitative real-time PCR was used to determine the abundance of several genes in B. infantis. B infantis specific primer sets were used to target 5 HMO metabolizing genes as well as the 16S rRNA gene. Additional 16S rRNA primer sets were used to target overall bacteria, overall Bifidobacterium, B. breve and B. longum. Abundances of each qPCR reaction were compared by infant human milk exposure, solid food intake, and mode of delivery. Results Mode of delivery was not associated with any PCR targets. Two HMO genes, a sialidase and a glycoside hydrolase, as well as a B. infantis 16S rRNA gene were more abundant in the feces of human milk fed infants (p < 0.05). The sialidase and a B. infantis 16S rRNA gene tended to be less abundant when a larger percentage of an infant's diet consisted of solids (p < 0.10). When accounting for solid food intake, human milk exposure continued to be positively associated with the sialidase and a B. infantis 16S rRNA gene abundance (p < 0.05) and tended to be related to the abundance of the glycoside hydrolase (p < 0.10). An assessment of 5 B. infantis specific primer sets targeting HMO metabolizing genes demonstrated that the stools of human milk fed infants harbored a more diverse set of these genes than those of non-human milk fed infants (p = 0.02). Conclusions Herein, we have identified a qPCR primer set targeting a sialidase that is consistently associated with human milk exposure even in the presence of solid food intake. With further development and validation in additional populations of infants, these assays could be used to group samples by dietary exposure even where no record of dietary intake exists. Thus, this assay would provide a method by which infant human milk intake proximal to sample collection can be assessed quickly in any well-equipped molecular biology lab. Funding Sources This research was partially supported by the MSU College of Agriculture and Natural Resources Undergraduate Research Program as well as the Max Gonzenbach Research Scholarship.
6
Abdel Salam, Seham H., Esaad M. Menazie, Marwa Elhady, and Shahinaz El Attar. "The effect of brain-derived neurotrophic factor on motor development and its relation to the pattern of feeding in early infancy." Scientific Journal of Al-Azhar Medical Faculty, Girls 5, no. 1 (2021): 223–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/sjamf.sjamf_135_20.
Full textAbstract:
Background Infant feeding is a modifiable health behavior that has long-term effect on various aspects of infant's neurodevelopmental achievement. Neurotrophins are a family of proteins, especially nerve growth factor and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), that play a major role in the development, nutrition, growth, and maintenance of the neurons. Moreover, BDNF has a major role in axonal guidance, promoting growth of dendrites and dendritic spines, and in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative, cardiometabolic, and autoimmune diseases. Aim This study aimed to evaluate the effect of feeding pattern in the first 6 months of life on BDNF serum level and motor development in early infancy. Patients and methods This cross-sectional study included 60 clinically healthy infants aged 6–12 months who were categorized according to their feeding pattern in the first 6 months of life into 30 breastfed and 30 formula-fed infants. BDNF serum levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and Denver developmental screening tests were assessed in relation to the feeding pattern. Results Infants with delayed achievement of motor milestones had significant lower level of BDNF than those with appropriate development. Breastfed infants had higher BDNF level (3.45±1.6 ng/ml) than formula-fed infants (1.98±1.30 ng/ml) (P<0.0001). Achievement of motor developmental milestone was significantly delayed in artificially fed than breastfed infant (43.3 vs. 16.7%) (P=0.02). Regression analysis demonstrated that BDNF is an independent predictor of motor development in early infancy. Conclusion BDNF is an important regulator of motor development in early infancy. Serum level of BDNF was higher; achievement of motor milestones was earlier in breastfed than formula-fed infants. Health programs encouraging exclusive breastfeeding in the first 6 months of life should be established. Efforts should be done to follow-up the motor development of artificially fed infant for early detection of any delay.
7
Sindhura Dk, Siri, and Vikas Jain. "INFANT’S SKIN AND CARE NEEDS WITH SPECIAL CONSIDERATION TO FORMULATION ADDITIVES." Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 11, no. 12 (December 7, 2018): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2018.v11i12.27384.
Full textAbstract:
Infancy is the time of adaptation from intrauterine life to the rather dry and cold, environment. Infant skin is more sensitive due to the immature immune system, hence, effortlessly prone to complications. Children from different age groups face diverse skin problems such as cradle cap, infant eczema, diaper rash, prickly heat, and many more. During early infancy, the products such as mild cleansers and lotions are used, and later, massage oils, creams, lotions, soaps, bubble bath, and other products are utilized for another few years, as a part of routine care. The preterm infants are more prone to skin damage and percutaneous toxicity from topically applied products. The ingredients incorporated in infant care products require special attention while choosing a product for them. Topical application of any such product requires thorough screening for potentially harmful ingredients before its exposure to the infant’s skin. Products used for infants should be safe and restricted of fragrance, coloring agents, parabens, plant oils, extracts, and other obnoxious ingredients. The literature is flooded with the list of safer excipients that can be utilized for the development of skin care products for infants and children.
8
Adair, Robin, Howard Bauchner, Barbara Philipp, Suzette Levenson, and Barry Zuckerman. "Night Waking During Infancy: Role of Parental Presence at Bedtime." Pediatrics 87, no. 4 (April 1, 1991): 500–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.87.4.500.
Full textAbstract:
Night waking occurs commonly in infants and young children. The goal of this study is to determine whether parents who report being present when their infant falls asleep at bedtime are more likely to report increased frequency of night waking by the infant. Mothers were consecutively recruited when they brought their infants to the clinic for their 9-month well-child visit. A total of 122 mothers agreed to participate and completed a questionnaire consisting of closed-ended, forced choice questions about their infant's feeding and sleeping behavior, and demographic and psychosocial characteristics. For 33% of the mothers, a parent was routinely present when the infant went to sleep. The entire sample of infants averaged 4.1 night wakings during the week prior to questionnaire completion. Infants whose parents were present at bedtime were significantly more likely to wake at night than infants whose parents were not present (6.2 vs 3.1, P = .01). Frequent night waking (seven or more wakings in the prior week) occurred in 28% of the sample. More of the infants whose parents were present experienced frequent night waking compared with infants whose parents were not present (40% vs 22%, P &lt; .04). When potential confounding variables were controlled by multivariate analysis, parents being present when the child went to sleep was independently associated with night waking (P &lt; .03). The association of parental presence at bedtime and night waking has implications for preventing and managing disruptive night waking in infancy.
9
Golinkoff, Roberta Michnick. "‘I beg your pardon?’: the preverbal negotiation of failed messages." Journal of Child Language 13, no. 3 (October 1986): 455–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305000900006826.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACTThis longitudinal study of how preverbal infants communicate with their mothers utilized the situation in which the infant was seated in a highchair at lunchtime. This situation predisposed infants to use communication as a means, since they were often unable to achieve their goals without assistance. It was found that infants' communicative attempts were often unsuccessful; the present study focussed on how infants and mothers worked to establish the infants' intents after communication failures. In the preverbal negotiation of failed messages infants direct communicative behaviours to their mothers which their mothers fail to comprehend immediately, NEGOTIATIONS occur when mothers help infants make their intents clear. Negotiation episodes have four components: the infant's initial signal, the mother's comprehension failure, infant repairs and episode outcome. Changes in these components provide much information about how infants' communicative skills evolve during the transition to a linguistically based communication system. Negotiation episodes are contrasted with episodes called IMMEDIATE SUCCESSES in which the mother readily comprehends the intent behind the infant's signal, and MISSED ATTEMPTS in which the mother fails to pick up on the infant's signal. Taken together these three types of communicative episode reveal a degree of persistence and creativity on the part of the preverbal infant that is surprising in the light of prior research. Such episodes further reveal that the course of preverbal communication is NOT smooth.
10
Ropitasari, Ropitasari, Rizka Adela Fatsena, Sri Anggarini Parwatiningsih, Anis Laela Megasari, M. Nur Dewi Kartikasari, Fresthy Astrika Yunita, Hardiningsih Hardiningsih, and Cahyaning Setyo Hutomo. "Relationship of Breastfeeding on Infant Development in Surakarta." Journal of Maternal and Child Health 8, no. 5 (2023): 641–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2023.08.05.10.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Breast milk is the healthiest diet for newborns since it has the best immune system of any food, has a wealth of advantages, and contains the right combination and amount of nutrients to promote an infant's growth and development, especially between the ages of 0 and 6 months. This study aimed to determine the impact of breastfeeding on infant’s development in Surakarta. Subjects and Method: This was a retrospective cross-sectional study conducted at Community Health Centre in Surakarta, Central Java on March to August 2020. A total sample of 56 infants were selected for this study. The dependent variable was infant development. The independent variable was exclusive breastfeeding. The data collected by questionnaire. The data were analyzed by Chi-Square. Results: Infants who are exclusive breastfeeding have a 25.50 times chance of developing better com¬par¬ed to infants who are not exclusive breast¬feeding, and this is statistically significant (OR= 25.50; 95% CI= 1.14 to 572.30; p <0.001). Infant with exclusive breast¬feeding had a better commu-nication and social interaction at 6 months, and better cognition, communication, and social interaction at 12 months. Conclusion: The development of infants' psychological, linguistic, fine motor, and gross motor skills can be improved by exclusive breastfeeding. Keywords: breastfeeding, development, infants.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Infants"
1
Sterling, John W. (John Wilson). "Mother-Infant Interaction with Facially Deformed Infants." Thesis, North Texas State University, 1986. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc331799/.
Full textAbstract:
This study investigated the interactions of facially deformed infants (FD) with their mothers compared to a facially nondeformed control group (FND). All mother-infant dyads were videotaped for 10 minutes during a free play period. Mothers were instructed to spend time with their baby as they normally would. The videotaped interactions of 14 FD dyads and 14 FND dyads were rated by five raters for quality of interactions, amount of vocalization, touch, and face-to-face gaze. The infants were rated on their level of attractiveness from polaroid pictures and videotapes. Mothers also completed a questionnaire which assessed their infants' temperament. Three of the studies' four hypotheses were confirmed. First, the more attractive an infant was, the better his/her interactions with the mother were judged to be. Second, FD infant dyads were rated as significantly poorer in quality of interaction than FND dyads, although FD* dyads did not spend significantly less time vocalizing, touching, or in face-to-face gaze as predicted. A significantly higher percentage of FD infants were judged as having difficult temperament relative to FND infants. Finally, as predicted it was found that infants with difficult temperaments were more likely to exhibit poorer quality interactions than infants with less difficult temperaments. These results have important implications for providing anticipatory guidance to caregivers of FD infants. Without intervention, FD infants appear at risk for subsequent developmental problems stemming from disrupted early mother-infant interactions. Future research should focus on these interactions soon after the infant's birth, attempt to determine if FD infants' emotions can be reliably understood from their facial expressions (as has been found in normal infants) and extend the current research paradigm to include fathers of FD infants.
2
Rowe, Jennifer. "Organising bodies : a study of feeding and sleep in infancy /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2000. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/iad/absthe15803.pdf.
Full text
3
Pegg, Judith E. "Young infants demonstrate a preference for infant directed talk." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/28997.
Full textAbstract:
This research was designed to assess 7-week-old infants' preference for infant directed and adult directed talk. (IDT and ADT) using the infant controlled habituation/dishabituation looking procedure. Infants were presented with short audio recordings of either a female or a male speaking in IDT during habituation and ADT during dishabituation or the reverse. In the control conditions, the stimulus did not change. Infants demonstrated preference for IDT over ADT in both male and female speaker conditions. They also demonstrated preference for the female speaker used in this study over the male speaker. Interactions among the dependent variables (first three looks), and the independent variables (infant gender, and style of speaking as well as infant gender, and speaker gender), suggest that the preference might not be as robust as the preference found in infants over 4 months. Evidence for discrimination between IDT and ADT was inferred from the between group demonstration of preference, but no evidence of within infant discrimination was found. Because the evidence suggests that 7-week-old infants demonstrate weaker preference for IDT over ADT than do infants of 4 months, it is assumed that infant preferences follow a developmental sequence. Thus, it is possible that developing preferences are influenced by experiential factors.<br>Arts, Faculty of<br>Psychology, Department of<br>Graduate
4
Abraham, Jane L. "Mother and infant communication: mothers' experiences and infants' preferences." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/39157.
Full textAbstract:
Two longitudinal studies were conducted to explore the mother-infant communication process during the first four months of postnatal life. One study focused on mothers' experiences communicating with their infants. Forty-seven mothers were interviewed when their infants were 6 to 8 weeks of age; 42 of the same mothers were interviewed when their infants were 16 to 18 weeks of age. Mothers were asked questions about their interactions with their infants, how they talked to their infants, why they talked to their infants, how they learned to talk to their infants, and what th,eir beliefs were about the relationship between talking to infants and development. A model was constructed from these data, conceptualizing the communication process between mothers and their young infants. Four themes were identified: expert advice influenced some mother-infant communication; mothers and infants co-regulated some of their communication; maternal communication behaviors were consistent across age and ethnicity; and experience talking to pets influenced some new mothers' speaking styles.<br>Ph. D.
5
SPINELLI, MARIA. "Parenting preterm infants: implications for mothers and mother- infant relationship." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/45026.
Full textAbstract:
Prematurity and the associated neonatal complications are identified as risk factors that may bring psychological complications both for the baby’s development and for the early mother-infant relationship. The birth of a preterm infant, the sudden end of the pregnancy, and infant’s hospitalization, often represent stressful experiences for parents. Therefore, premature birth may affect parental perceptions and attitudes, thereby distorting parent-child interactions and relationship.
The present dissertation aims to examine the complex experience of parenting a preterm infant from a transactional perspective with a mixed method design. The theoretical framework integrates the transactional model of development, attachment theory and recent theories of infant research. Three studies, analyzing the phenomenon from different perspectives and using different methodological frameworks, are reported.
The first study qualitatively analyzed narratives of 30 preterm infant mothers. Mothers were interviewed during infant hospitalization on the experiences of pregnancy, delivery and infant recovery. The thematic analysis revealed three major themes relevant for mothers: The construction of maternal identity, The construction of the representation of the bond with the child; The relationship with the healthcare providers and external world.
The second study is a microanalysis of mother-infant’s emotion regulation and play during free play interactions at 3 and 6 months of infant’s age. Comparisons between 22 preterm and 20 full-term infant dyads revealed more differences at a maternal and dyadic level than at the infant’s level. Mother-premature infant dyads presented a typical interactive style characterized by maternal overstimulation and the tendency to lead the interaction. These dyads showed more difficulties to adjust their interaction to infant’s growth and more interactive risk indicators emerged at 6 months. The role of infant and maternal characteristics and maternal attachment models as protective and risk factors was explored.
The third study examined perinatal Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and the levels of parenting stress in 156 mothers of full-term children and 87 mothers of preterm children. This study proposed a mediating role of PTSD symptoms between preterm/full-term birth and levels of parenting stress. The mothers were asked to complete a Web survey assessing perinatal PTSD symptoms, parenting stress and social support. The findings showed that mothers of preterm children experienced more post-traumatic symptoms and parenting stress than did mothers of full-term children. Levels of PTSD symptoms were higher for mothers with infants born at lower gestational age. The relationship between preterm/full-term birth and levels of parenting stress was mediated by PTSD symptoms. Moreover, the child’s age moderated the association between maternal PTSD and parenting stress.
The discussions of the three studies are integrated in the final conclusions. Findings suggest that prematurity have implications for mothers’ transition to parenthood and for the development of mother-infant relationship confirming the need to examine the phenomenon from a transactional perspective. Implications for preventive interventions are addressed.
6
Vingut, Riggall Marta Ana. "Els infants d’origen immigrat i l’educació infantil a Catalunya." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/284132.
Full textAbstract:
“Els Infants d’Origen Immigrat i l’Escola Infantil a Catalunya” és el títol de la tesi doctoral presentada que deriva d’una investigació iniciada juntament amb el grup de recerca GRADASEL (Grup de Recerca d’Atenció a la Diversitat: Aspectes Socioculturals, Emocionals i Lingüístics”) de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, tot seguint la línia d’investigació de l’antropòleg Nord-americà Joseph Tobin centrada en l’acollida d’alumnat immigrat a l’escola infantil des d’una perspectiva transcultural. Els objectius de la recerca desenvolupada a Catalunya se centren a detectar quina és la percepció que tenen els mestres de l’escola infantil respecte de l’alumnat d’origen immigrat, així com les necessitats que es desprenen del seu discurs.
L’enfocament metodològic abordat en la recerca pretén escoltar la veu dels diferents agents implicats en l’acció educativa de l’escola infantil a partir del que Tobin anomena “Video-cued Multivocal Ethnography”. Aquest mètode de fonamentació etnogràfica es basa en l’anàlisi del discurs de grups de discussió (focus groups) a partir dels comentaris i observacions que fan els participants en veure uns vídeos etnogràfics que mostren el que seria un dia habitual a l’escola. D’acord amb els principis metodològics, el vídeo etnogràfic es converteix en una eina protectiva per a estimular la reflexió sobre la pràctica educativa tot provocant que emergeixi un discurs espontani entre els agents educatius que posi de manifest els seus valors personals i educatius.
L’anàlisi del discurs ha donat lloc a l’organització dels resultats en quatre blocs:
- Aproximació al marc educatiu de l’etapa Infantil: la recerca s’inicia amb l‘anàlisi del context educatiu de l’etapa infantil de manera genèrica, tot entenent que aquest determina el marc en el qual es valora l’educació de l’alumnat d’origen immigrat. De l’anàlisi es desprèn un discurs que posa l’accent sobre la tendència escolaritzadora de l’etapa infantil i un neguit pels continguts d’aprenentatge cognitiu, en especial vers la lectura i l’escriptura.
- L’etapa infantil i l’alumnat d’origen immigrat: les percepcions dels mestres mostren com la diversitat cultural es considera part inherent a la diversitat de l’alumnat, ignorant les especificitats derivades del contacte entre cultures o la influència dels valors i estereotips socials en el desenvolupament de la identitat. Tot i que en l’etapa infantil les valoracions són afectuoses vers aquest tipus d’alumnat, la percepció varia en funció de la quantitat acollida. S’evidencia que preval una percepció multicultural de l’educació i no tant intercultural.
- La relació Escola – Família: es fa palesa una distància entre l’escola i la família, considerant-se ambdós com a àmbits educatius separats, on la manca de comunicació i de relació genera tensió i exigències mútues, especialment en centres de tendència més escolaritzadora. Aquesta distància s’agreuja en el cas de famílies d’origen immigrat, alimentant o mantenint estereotips quan n’hi ha. Això no obstant, també es constaten iniciatives d’acostament significatives.
- Llengua i Aprenentatge: es reconeix la importància de vetllar per una adquisició natural de la llengua vehicular i s’empren mesures diverses i flexibles per a estimular-ne l’aprenentatge en els estadis inicials, però es deixa d’estimular un cop s’adquireix una competència conversacional bàsica. Es constata també una clara preocupació per la llengua catalana, especialment davant l’ús estès del castellà en els entorns socials. Les llengües d’origen dels alumnes no es fan presents a l’escola, desaprofitant el seu potencial educatiu de cara al foment de la competència plurilingüe.<br>"Children of Immigrant Origins and Early Childhood Education in Catalonia" is the title of the doctoral thesis presented stemming from an investigation initiated together with the GRADASEL research group (Research Group for Attention to Diversity: Socio-cultural, Emotional and Linguistic Aspects") of the Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, following American anthropologist Joseph Tobin’s research line focusing on the reception of immigrant students in ECE from a cross-cultural perspective. The objectives of the research carried out in Catalonia focus on detecting ECE teacher perceptions regarding children of immigrant origins, as well as the needs that emerge from their discourse.
The methodological approach addressed in the research aims to listen to the voices of the ECE teachers throughout Tobin’s ''Video-cued Multivocal Ethnography". Such methodology, of ethnographic foundation, is based on focus group discourse analysis once having viewed school ethnographic videos. In accordance to the methodological principles, the ethnographic video becomes a projective tool stimulating reflection on educational practice bringing spontaneous discourse to the fore regarding personal values and educational expectations.
The results of the analysis have been organized in four extensive blocks:
- Approach to ECE: the research begins analysing ECE settings in a generic way, understanding that this determines the context in which children of immigrant origin’s education must be considered. The analysis proves a schoolifying tendency and concern over cognitive contents, especially reading and writing.
- ECE and children of immigrant origins: teacher discourse shows how cultural diversity is considered as an intrinsic part of children’s diversity, ignoring the specificities arising from culture contact or the influence of social values and stereotypes in identity development. Although evaluations regarding the children are affectionate, perception varies depending on the amount of such children in the school. A multicultural perception prevails over intercultural education.
- School and family relationship: distance between school and families becomes evident, considered as being separate educational institutions, where a lack of communication and relationship generates tension and mutual demands, especially in more academical schools. Such distance increases in the case of immigrant origin families, nurturing stereotyped perceptions. However, significant approaching initiatives become evident.
- Language and learning: natural acquisition of the school’s vehicular language is enhanced and various flexible measures stimulating learning are applied in the early stages, although forgotten once general conversation skills are achieved. Alongside, concern over the Catalan language is also made evident, especially due to the expansion of the Spanish language in social environments. Children’s languages of origin are not present in school, wasting educational potential towards developing a plurilingual competence.
7
Tang, Mei-po. "Weight gain and methods of feeding a retrospective cohort study of the Hong Kong Chinese infants /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2004. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B31972214.
Full text
8
Mac, Dougall Ca~ida. "Growth and nutrional status of formula-fed infants aged 2-10 weeks in the Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission (PMTCT) Programme at the Dr George Mukhari Hospital, Gauteng, South Africa /." Link to the online version, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10019/1504.
Full text
9
Oswalt, Krista Lee. "Effects of infant massage on HIV-infected mothers and their infants." Birmingham, Ala. : University of Alabama at Birmingham, 2009. https://www.mhsl.uab.edu/dt/2009p/oswalt.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Alabama at Birmingham, 2009.<br>Additional advisors: Daniel Marullo, Sylvie Mrug, Marsha Sturdevant, Lynda Wilson. Description based on contents viewed June 5, 2009; title from PDF t.p. Includes bibliographical references (p. 48-52).
10
Meadows, Denis William, and D. Meadows@mailbox gu edu au. "Mothers' Sensitivity to Infants' Communicative Acts." Griffith University. School of Cognition, Language and Special Education, 2001. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20030226.164131.
Full textAbstract:
This series of studies investigated the sensitivity of mothers towards the behaviour of their preverbal infants. More specifically, the investigation examined the consistency with which mothers identified what they considered to be communicative acts by their infants aged 6, 9, and 12 months, and the contingency and appropriateness of their maternal responses. The ability of other female adults to identify the same infant acts as communicative as the mothers was also investigated. In Studies one and two, 35 infants and their mothers were videotaped in a laboratory setting. Three weeks after the videotaping session, the mothers were asked to view a five-minute section and code the stream of infant behaviour into periods when they believed that their infant was engaging in communicative behaviours ('on' events) and periods when they considered that the infants were not ('off' events). This process was repeated three months after the first coding. At each coding session the mothers coded the videotape twice. Each mother's coded records were compared, in pairs, within and across coding sessions and the observed levels of agreement were calculated. A randomization procedure using 1000 iterations of the whole 'on' and 'off' events was used to determine the meaningfulness of the observed level of agreement between pairs of codings by providing distributions of chance levels of agreement with which the observed levels could be compared. Levels of agreement that exceeded chance values (p equals or is less than .05) were taken as evidence of consistency of maternal response. Consistency in the identification of communicative acts by other female adults (OAs) was investigated using a sample of 12 of the videotapes. Each videotape was coded by three separate OAs. The significance of the observed levels of agreement between the mother's coding and those of the OAs was determined using the randomization procedure. The results indicated that at each infant age, mothers were able to identify consistently their infant's communicatively salient behaviours, even over inter-coding intervals of three months. Further, both OAs and mothers identified the same infant behaviours as communicative. The third study investigated the abilities of a different sample of mothers and infants to describe the topography and meaning of their infants' behaviours during the 'on' events. Mothers' descriptions of their infants' behaviour during the 'on' events were also used to describe changes in the criteria that they used to identify infant behaviours as communicatively salient. Results indicated that the complexity of the criteria that the mothers used changed across infant age. First, mothers of younger infants were more likely, than mothers of older infants, to describe a single infant behaviour as being communicatively salient. The latter were more likely to identify two or three co-occurring infant behaviours as salient. Second, when more than one infant behaviour was identified in an 'on' event, the mothers of the older infants were more likely than the mothers of younger infants to state that all of the behaviours that they identified were communicatively important. These findings were interpreted to mean that mothers of older infants required more complex constellations of behaviour during the 'on' events in order to identify those behaviours as communicative. Study 4 investigated the contingency and appropriateness of the mothers' responses to the segments of their infants' behaviour that they identified as being communicative. Across infant age, findings indicated that the mothers' verbal responses to their infants were contingent upon whether they considered that their infants were engaged in communicatively salient behaviours. During periods of infant behaviour that the mothers identified as being communicative, mothers talked significantly more to their infants than they did when their infant's behaviour was considered to be non-communicative. Further, mothers' verbal responses were interpreted as being appropriate in two ways. First, during the 'on' events, changes occurred over infant age in the balance between the use of utterances designed to attract and maintain the attention of the infant (Attentional Directives) and those designed to provide comment on infant behaviour (Feedback). This shift is in keeping with widely reported changes in infant behaviour as children grow older (i.e., older infants' play a greater role in initiating and maintaining episodes of interaction). Second, during periods when the mothers considered that their infants were not communicating ('off' events) they rarely used 'Feedback' verbal responses. During 'off' events, mothers maintained high levels of 'Attentional Directive' talk, irrespective of infant age. Taken collectively, these studies provide evidence that supports the view that mothers are sensitive to what they consider to be communicative behaviours by their infants in terms of the consistency, contingency and appropriateness of their behaviour. The unique features of this investigation, the generality of the findings and the implications for future research are discussed in the final chapter.
Books on the topic "Infants"
3
Smith, Timothy. Miracle birth stories of very premature babies: Little thumbs up! Westport, Conn: Bergin & Garvey, 1999.
Find full text
4
Krauss, Michael. Your newborn baby: Everything you need to know. New York, NY: Warner Books, 1988.
Find full text
5
François, Jouen, Hénocq Alain, and Colloque Recherche et pédiatrie (1989 : Rouen, France), eds. Du nouveau-né au nourrisson: Recherche fondamentale et pédiatrie : Colloque Recherche et pédiatrie, Rouen, 13 et 14 octobre 1989. Paris: Presses universitaires de France, 1991.
Find full text
6
D, Sears William M., ed. 25 things every new mother should know. Boston, Mass: Harvard Common Press, 1995.
Find full text
7
Kearsley, Richard B., and Irving E. Sigel. Infants at Risk. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003171447.
Full text
8
Premji, Shahirose Sadrudin, ed. Late Preterm Infants. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-94352-7.
Full text
9
Affleck, Glenn, Howard Tennen, and Jonelle Rowe. Infants in Crisis. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-3050-2.
Full text
10
Hart, Sybil L. Jealousy in Infants. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-10452-2.
Full textBook chapters on the topic "Infants"
1
Davenport, Teresa L. "Premature Infants." In Encyclopedia of Child Behavior and Development, 1148–49. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-79061-9_2220.
Full text
2
Haussker, Fayah. "Smuggling infants." In Citizenship in Antiquity, 296–311. London: Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003138730-26.
Full text
3
Martini, Silvia, and Luigi Corvaglia. "Premature Infants." In Frailty in Children, 11–32. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-24307-3_2.
Full text
4
Zabransky, Siegfried. "Premature Infants." In Caring for Children Born Small for Gestational Age, 127–49. Tarporley: Springer Healthcare Ltd., 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-908517-90-6_12.
Full text
5
King, Caroline, and Kate Tavener. "Preterm Infants." In Clinical Paediatric Dietetics, 81–103. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118915349.ch6.
Full text
6
Oztoprak, M. Yasin. "Antenatal and Postnatal Problems in Infants of Women with Diabetes." In Current Perspective on Diabetes Mellitus in Clinical Sciences, 267–78. Istanbul: Nobel Tip Kitabevleri, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.69860/nobel.9786053359111.25.
Full textAbstract:
Women with diabetes, whether pregestational or gestational, face potential antenatal and postnatal issues that can impact their infants. During pregnancy, infants of diabetic mothers are at higher risk of macrosomia (large birth weight), birth trauma (due to macrosomia), and neonatal hypoglycemia (low blood sugar levels shortly after birth). These infants may also experience respiratory distress syndrome and an increased likelihood of requiring neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission. Postnatally, they face a higher risk of childhood obesity and developing type 2 diabetes later in life due to maternal hyperglycemia during pregnancy. Therefore, careful management and monitoring are crucial to minimize these risks and ensure better outcomes for both mother and infant.
7
Xie, Yuan, Yousheng Yao, Zhihao Huang, Zhenhua Chen, E. Tang, Xiqin Pan, Junpeng Zheng, Junqi Zhan, Jin Peng, and Haoteng Chen. "WellGuard: An Interactive System for New Parents to Care for Their Babies." In Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence and Applications. IOS Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/faia240043.
Full textAbstract:
The increase in the number of infants is a clear trend as society develops and demographics change. In this situation, the health of infants becomes particularly important. Infants, due to their physiological peculiarities and underdeveloped immune systems, are, firstly, relatively sensitive to temperature changes. Their ability to regulate body temperature is not as perfect as that of adults, and they are easily affected by the external environment, making it more difficult to maintain a stable body temperature. Effects of abnormal body temperature in infants. Abnormal body temperature in infants may lead to many health problems, including but not limited to fever, hypothermia, generalized discomfort and restlessness, and decreased sleep quality. The inability of infants to actively express temperature discomfort, which can be easily overlooked, makes it important to monitor and regulate infant body temperature. Therefore, in this paper, we introduce WellGuard, a system that helps parents to effectively master basic infant care. WellGuard consists of a stroller and an app that provides real-time feedback based on the infant’s body temperature and ambient temperature while the infant is using the stroller, and changes in the infant’s body temperature as well as ambient temperature are recorded. Experimental tests were conducted to determine the basic performance of WellGuard, and a preliminary user study of WellGuard was also conducted, which showed that parents were more receptive to WellGuard and more confident in caring for their infants during the learning process.
8
Cooke, Sharon, Dawson Cooke, and Sue Coleson. "Description of a Relationship Focused Mother-Infant Group Program: Mother-Baby Nurture." In Midwifery - New Perspectives and Challenges [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.110088.
Full textAbstract:
Mother-Baby Nurture is an innovative group program that focusses on strengthening the mother-infant relationship through enhancing reflective capacity within mothers and their infants. We describe the unique combination of the features that are central to this program and present comparisons with other early parenting interventions. Infancy is a unique period of acute developmental vulnerability and dependence on a caregiver. As the caregiver is the critical regulator between infant and their environment, disturbances in the caregiver-infant relationship have heightened potential to interfere in the infant’s developmental trajectory and lifelong wellbeing. Mother-Baby Nurture is a 10-week targeted group program that is currently being implemented in Western Australia, for infants and their mothers experiencing relational or emotional distress. This program provides an emotionally containing space for a mother and her infant to explore mental states. We foster curiosity in the thoughts, feelings, and behaviour (of the baby, the mother, and others), as well as reflection on attachment relationships (past and present). This therapeutic approach shares common ground with parent-infant psychotherapy and mentalization-based treatment, and is informed by attachment theory and the neurobiological science of infant development.
9
Rovee-Collier, Carolyn, and Harlene Hayne. "Memory in Infancy and Early Childhood." In The Oxford Handbook of Memory, 267–82. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195122657.003.0017.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Since Freud (1935) first proposed that adult behavior is rooted in the infancy period, psychologists have viewed infants’ experiences as the cornerstone of later development. This view presumes that infants can preserve a relatively enduring record of their experiences-a capacity that, paradoxically, infants are thought to lack. In what follows, were view the major paradigms used to study infant memory, their basic findings, and new evidence of infants’ memory capacity that re solves this paradox. Finally, we consider three current issues-memory distortions, the ontogeny of multiple memory systems, and infantile amnesia.
10
Sanfilippo, Katie Rose M., Shannon de l’Etoile, and Sandra E. Trehub. "Musical care in infancy." In Collaborative Insights, 12–43. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197535011.003.0002.
Full textAbstract:
Musical care in infancy, as construed here, encompasses two broad realms, natural and targeted musical care for infants and their caregivers. Natural musical care refers to the everyday use of music in interactions with infants, reinforcing cultural practices that accommodate infant nurture and development, caregiver well-being, and the parent–infant relationship. Targeted musical care draws on educational and clinical approaches to create musical interventions and music therapy practices aimed at optimizing well-being in special or vulnerable populations. Findings from several disciplines—including developmental psychology, ethnomusicology, music therapy, perinatal mental health, and paediatrics—enrich our understanding of musical care in infancy. This chapter begins by considering infants’ capacity for musical engagement, which provides the foundation for musical care interventions in special circumstances. The chapter proceeds to describe mothers’ (or primary caregivers’) intuitive singing and musical care rituals, highlighting natural musical care in Western and non-Western cultures. Subsequently, the chapter focuses on research and practice in musical care interventions and music therapy, or targeted musical care. The chapter considers the role of musical care in supporting maternal and infant well-being in situations involving maternal anxiety and depression, infants with disabilities, and prematurely born infants in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Finally, the chapter suggests future directions for research and practice, including an exploration of musical care with other caregivers (e.g., fathers and grandparents), development of more interdisciplinary and evidence-based interventions for infants with special needs, and the potential for musical care in support of infants and caregivers from marginalized or seldom-heard communities.
Conference papers on the topic "Infants"
1
Piatt, Sophia, Xiaoxu Ji, Alexander Deemer, Sarah Young, Hilcia Merlos, Isaac West, and Davide Piovesan. "Reducing Vibrations Experienced by an Infant During Air Transportation." In Vertical Flight Society 80th Annual Forum & Technology Display, 1–10. The Vertical Flight Society, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4050/f-0080-2024-1044.
Full textAbstract:
Some infants are born prematurely or with medical conditions that require them to stay in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs). Typically, these infants spend most of their time in an incubator as it provides a safe and controlled environment. At times, these infants will need to be transported via helicopter from one hospital to another, which exposes their already fragile bodies to higher levels of vibration. Helicopters, while advantageous for medical transport, generate substantial vibration due to rotor dynamics. Current models of incubators lack specific design for reducing vibrations. This project proposes a functional vibration damper that can be integrated into existing neonatal incubators, aiming to enhance infant safety during air transport. ANSYS modeling identified low-density polyethylene foam as an effective material for vibration reduction. Flight simulation tests demonstrated the 2" polyethylene mattress reduced vibrations at low amplitudes and frequencies, but challenges arose at higher values. The prototype addresses the critical need for reducing vibrations in neonatal incubators during air transport. While successful in initial tests, further extensive testing is required for potential implementation in the medical industry.
2
Bhuiyan, Rasel Ahmed, Mateusz Trokielewicz, Piotr Maciejewicz, Sherri Bucher, and Adam Czajka. "Iris Recognition for Infants." In 2025 IEEE/CVF Winter Conference on Applications of Computer Vision Workshops (WACVW), 83–92. IEEE, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1109/wacvw65960.2025.00014.
Full text
3
Okajima, Hiroyuki, Shinichiro Ota, and Ryo Ota. "Dynamic Characteristics of Infants Riding on Stroller." In ASME 2020 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2020-23749.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract When a stroller with an infant ride over protrusions or irregularities, vibrations are transmitted from the infant’s lower limb to the upper limb through the tire-frame-cushion. To reduce the load on the infant, the challenge is to reduce the vibration at each part of the infant’s body. To design an equipment for reducing such vibration, it is important to understand the vibration characteristics of infants. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to clarify the vibration characteristics of infants. Transient and frequency response characteristics of the infant–stroller system were investigated by riding over protrusions and irregularities, respectively. In the transient response obtained by both wheels riding over the protrusion, the vibration of the head and chest is a mixture of the primary secondary vibration modes. In the transient response obtained with one wheel riding over the protrusion, the primary vibration mode becomes prominent when the vibration transmitted to the stroller seat is small, and the secondary vibration mode becomes prominent when the vibration transmitted to the stroller seat is large. The frequency response shows some resonance frequencies between 1 Hz and 6 Hz. Vibrations over 8 Hz have small effects on the infants because the acceleration ratio is low at values below 1.
4
Jung, Soonmoon, Jaemin Kim, Youngho Lee, Hyeyeong Song, Yeeun Kang, and Junghwa Hong. "DESIGN OF BABY CUSHION FOR STROLLER USING FINITE ELEMENT SIMULATION." In 2023 Design of Medical Devices Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dmd2023-7123.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Infants spend most of the day sleeping anywhere. In the past, most parents put their infants to sleep in the prone position, but recently they put their infants to sleep in the prone position because of an issue of sudden infant death syndrome. When infants sleep in a supine position for a long time, occipital bone deformation is occurred because of pressure at the occipital region. To prevent minimize the pressure on the infant’s head and body, through the finite element simulation using the infant model, a baby cushion for the stroller was designed using the central composite design (CCD) method. The maximum contact pressure between the designed cushion and the infant model was 22.8 mmHg and this value is about 50 % lower than the pressure that occurred between the infant model and the general cushion. It can be helpful to reduce the possibility of a baby’s head deformation and other body disorders.
5
Clarke-Sather, Abigail R., Kelly Cobb, Catherine Maloney, and Hannah Young. "Contextual Design Theory Applied to Wearables That Facilitate Kangaroo Care by Interviewing Mothers of Hospitalized Infants." In 2018 Design of Medical Devices Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dmd2018-6915.
Full textAbstract:
When considering how to design medical devices considering the needs of the patient and hospital staff may seem sufficient. Hospitalized infants are patients who cannot speak or advocate for their needs; the parents and the hospital staff caring for infant patients have different roles that together are integral to an infant’s recovery. Figure 1 shows how mothers, nurses, and infants form a system of care to promote infant patient healing. In particular caregiver behaviors such as kangaroo care (KC), are dependent upon the involvement of family. KC, defined as bare skin-to-skin contact between an infant and an adult caregiver, is usually done chest-to-chest. The design of wearables for the caregivers holding the infant patient can make KC easier and be part of wearable medical device design that improves infant patient outcomes.
6
Ngo, Hannah, and Rachel Silliman Cohen. "Evaluation of Unexplained Bone Fractures in a 3-Month-Old Infant – A Case Report." In 28th Annual Rowan-Virtua Research Day. Rowan University Libraries, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.31986/issn.2689-0690_rdw.stratford_research_day.107_2024.
Full textAbstract:
Child physical abuse is a significant cause of injury in infants and young children and can present in a variety of ways. Failure to recognize abuse in infants and young children can be life-threatening and is often recurrent until safety interventions occur. Consequently, it is of paramount importance that providers strongly consider child physical abuse on the differential, along with metabolic bone disease and accidental traumatic injury, when evaluating fractures in young children and infants. This case report will focus on the evaluation of a 3-month-old male infant who was admitted to the hospital with irritability and decreased right arm movement. Multiple unexplained bone fractures were found on skeletal survey, which led to concerns for suspected child abuse and the infant underwent a comprehensive medical evaluation by child abuse pediatricians. Ultimately, it was ruled that the infant’s numerous injuries were most consistent with a medical diagnosis of child physical abuse.
7
Jiang, Lin, Diana L. Alatalo, Donna T. Geddes, and Fatemeh Hassanipour. "A Clinical Experiment on Infant Applied Pressures During Breastfeeding." In ASME 2018 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2018-87674.
Full textAbstract:
Breastfeeding provides both nutrients and immunities necessary for infant growth. Understanding the biomechanics of breastfeeding requires capturing both positive and negative pressures exerted by infants on the breast. This clinical experimental work utilizes thin, flexible pressure sensors to capture the positive oral pressures of 7 mother-infant dyads during breastfeeding while simultaneously measuring vacuum pressures and imaging of the infants oral cavity movement via ultrasound. Methods for denoising signals and evaluating ultrasound images are discussed. Changes and deformations on the nipple are evaluated. The results reveal that pressure from the infant’s maxilla and mandible are evenly distributed in an oscillatory pattern corresponding to the vacuum pressure patterns. Variations in nipple dimensions are considerably smaller than variations in either pressure but the ultrasound shows positive pressure dominates structural changes during breastfeeding. Clinical implications for infant-led milk expression and data processing are discussed.
8
Keim, Timothy, Ramak Amjad, and Roger Fales. "Modeling and Feedback Control of Inspired Oxygen for Premature Infants." In ASME 2011 Dynamic Systems and Control Conference and Bath/ASME Symposium on Fluid Power and Motion Control. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dscc2011-6107.
Full textAbstract:
Premature infants are commonly treated for respiratory problems due to their underdeveloped lungs. Due to Respiratory Distress Syndrome, the infant requires mechanical ventilation or increased inspired oxygen. If the blood oxygen saturation is kept a too high of a level, the infant is at risk for retinopathy of prematurity. A safe level for the infant’s blood oxygen saturation is between 85–92%. An automatic control system would aid nurses in care of premature infants. Since each infant is different, the control system must be robust enough to achieve adequate control of the percentage of oxygen in inspired air administered to the patient. Clinical data is acquired from patient bedside monitors. A parameter estimating extended Kalman filter assuming a first order model is applied to the data to calculate a range of system gains and time constants. An error model is then created using the resulting ranges of parameters. Performance specifications are defined and a μ-synthesis controller is developed to automatically control the oxygen percentage of inspired air. The control system is analyzed using H∞ methods to determine whether robust stability and robust performance are achieved in the presence of system uncertainty described by the error model.
9
Dobson, Velma, and Beatriz Luna. "Grating Acuity in Infants: Prototype vs Teller Acuity Cards." In Noninvasive Assessment of the Visual System. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/navs.1990.ma3.
Full textAbstract:
The acuity card procedure1 is a modified version of the forced-choice preferential looking procedure (FPL)2 that has been used for the past fifteen years to measure grating acuity in individual infants in laboratory settings. In the FPL procedure, the observer's task is to watch the infant through a small peephole and to judge, based on the infant's eye and head movements, whether a black-and-white grating is located to the right or to the left of the peephole. After numerous presentations of at least four spatial frequencies of gratings, acuity is estimated as the (interpolated) spatial frequency that produced a score of 75 percent correct by the observer.
10
Pittman, Jessica E., Feng-Chang Lin, Robin Johnson, Paul Jones, and Stephanie D. Davis. "Patterns Of Infant Lung Function In Infants With Cystic Fibrosis Vs. Wheezy Infants." In American Thoracic Society 2012 International Conference, May 18-23, 2012 • San Francisco, California. American Thoracic Society, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2012.185.1_meetingabstracts.a5262.
Full textReports on the topic "Infants"
1
Hodges, Leslie, David E. Davis, and Jessica E. Todd. Manufacturers' bids for infant formula rebate contracts, 2013-23. [Washington, D.C.]: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service, April 2025. https://doi.org/10.32747/2025.9015818.ers.
Full textAbstract:
The Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) provides participating formula fed infants with free infant formula. This study estimates that, in 2020, about half of all infant formula in the United States was consumed by WIC infants. Federal law requires that WIC State agencies use a cost containment system to reduce infant formula costs. Most State agencies use a single supplier, competitively bid rebate program. The State agency awards a contract to the infant formula manufacturer offering the lowest net wholesale price per unit of infant formula, defined as the difference between the manufacturer's wholesale price and the manufacturer's rebate to the State agency. This study summarizes recent trends in State agencies' infant formula rebate contracts and examines how factors, such as declining shares of infants born in the United States participating in WIC, contribute to these trends. Compared with previous contracts, contracts in effect in March 2023 resulted in greater savings to WIC for infant formula purchases. After adjusting for inflation, net wholesale prices decreased by $1.49 per 90 fluid ounces of reconstituted formula from previous contracts on average.--
2
Horon, Isabelle, and Anne Driscoll. Homicides Among Infants in the United States, 2017—2020. National Center for Health Statistics (U.S.), July 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.15620/cdc:129518.
Full text
3
Ishdorj, Ariun, Hongyang Di, Elfreda Samman, and E. Lisako J. McKyer. Are Rural Infants Benefiting from WIC Food Package Rule Changes? Breastfeeding and Infant Feeding Behaviors. College Station, TX: Southwest Rural Health Research Center, Texas A&M School of Public Health, February 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.21423/1969.1/201260.
Full textAbstract:
The Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) provides healthy foods and services to low-income pregnant, breastfeeding, and non-breastfeeding postpartum women, as well as to infants and children up to age 5. In 2009, revisions were made to the WIC program to further improve the nutrition and health of infants by providing benefits to promote and support breastfeeding among those who are able and to improve infant feeding practices. This study compared breastfeeding initiation for rural and urban WIC participants, as well as changes in breastfeeding and infant feeding practices before and after the WIC Food Packages (WIC-FPs) revisions. Secondary data from the National Food and Nutrition Survey were used consisting of data from 58 WIC programs representing 38 states, two U.S. districts and territories, and 10 Indian/tribal organizations. Our results revealed breastfeeding for WIC participants continues to move in a positive direction with evidence showing a significant increase in fully breastfeeding post WIC-FP revisions in both rural and urban participants. Our findings for infant feeding revealed an improvement in feeding practices post WIC-FP revisions, such as a delay in the introduction of solid food. Rural participants, however, were still lagging behind their urban counterparts.
4
วรรณลภากร, ณศมน. ผลระยะยาวของการให้วัคซีนไอกรนชนิดเต็มเซลล์ หรือไร้เซลล์ในเด็กทารกที่คลอดจากมารดาที่ได้รับวัคซีนไอกรนขณะตั้งครรภ์. คณะแพทยศาสตร์ จุฬาลงกรณ์มหาวิทยาลัย, 2018. https://doi.org/10.58837/chula.res.2018.26.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Pertussis vaccination in pregnant women is a strategy currently recommended to foster passive maternal immunity and minimize severe complications from pertussis in not yet completely vaccinated infants. However, the potential interference of maternal antibodies on the development of infant antibody responses induced by childhood whole cell pertussis (wP) and acellular pertussis (aP) vaccination is not well-defined. Methods: This randomized controlled trial (NCT02408926) followed healthy term infants born to tetanus diphtheria acellular pertussis (Tdap)-vaccinated mothers at a tertiary care hospital in Thailand between 2015-2018. Infants were randomized to receive either acellular pertussis (aP)containing vaccine (DTaP-IPV-Hib-HepB) or wP-containing vaccine (DTwP-HepB-Hib) at 2, 4, 6 and 18 months of age. A comparison group comprised of wP-vaccinated children born to unvaccinated mothers. Antibody levels against pertussis toxin (PT), filamentous haemagglutinin (FHA) and pertactin (PRN) were evaluated at month 2 (pre-priming), month 7 (post-priming), month 18 (prebooster), month 19 (one-month post-booster) and month 24 (six-month post-booster) using commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Results: In the presence of Tdap-induced maternal antibodies, infants vaccinated with aPcontaining vaccines possessed significantly higher antibody levels (p<0.001) against all three 8. pertussis antigens post priming compared to infants who received wP-containing vaccines. At one and six months post-booster, anti-PT levels were similar, whereas anti-FHA and anti-PRN levels were still significantly higher in the aP group. Significantly higher anti-PT levels (p<0.001) were detected among wP-vaccinated infants born to unvaccinated mothers compared to wP-vaccinated infants of Tdap-vaccinated mothers at post priming, one and six months post-booster. Conclusions: Maternal Tdap immunization can reduce the antibody responses in infants vaccinated with wP vaccines. This effect still persisted for anti-PT at the age of two years.
5
Driscoll, Anne. Maternal Characteristics and Infant Outcomes by Hispanic Subgroup and Nativity: United States, 2021. National Center for Health Statistics (U.S.), January 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.15620/cdc:122515.
Full textAbstract:
This report presents comparisons of maternal characteristics and infant outcomes of Hispanic women and their infants by nativity (whether they were born in or outside the United States) for all Hispanics women and for the six largest Hispanic subgroups by nativity.
6
Armstrong, Vicky, Josephine Ross, Anna Robb, Catriona MacInnes, Ruth Switalski, Alison Ramm, Gillian McFarland, et al. Art at the Start: Creative community intervention for perinatal and infant mental health, UKRI Mobilising Community Assets to Combat Health Inequalities Report. University of Dundee, 2023. https://doi.org/10.20933/100001370.
Full textAbstract:
The Art at the Start team explore the impact of art participation and art therapy on the psychological wellbeing of 0-3-year-old infants and their caregivers. Early intervention is vital to reduce health inequalities, giving infants the best possible start. We embedded art therapists within four galleries across Scotland as action researchers, developing early intervention services with the galleries, exploring the process and evaluating outcomes. We also supported the set-up of two additional services which ran in parallel. In total 58 pairs of infants and their caregivers accessed art therapy support, 220 families received targeted outreach with art-based approaches, and over 2500 people were reached through public sessions, encouraging more art making for the youngest participants. This report will look at the need for the project, what we did, who we worked with, what changes we can show, and we will reflect on the themes arising from this work. At all stages, the infants and families we work with remained central, and we want to thank them for their active participation. Cite as: Armstrong, V. G. and Ross, J. (2023) Art at the Start: Creative community intervention for perinatal and infant mental health, UKRI Mobilising Community Assets to Combat Health Inequalities Report, University of Dundee.
7
Armstrong, Vicky, and Josephine Ross. Art at the Start: Exploring the availability, accessibility and relational benefits of early years art provision in the UK: UKRI Mobilising Community Assets to Combat Health Inequalities Report. University of Dundee, 2025. https://doi.org/10.20933/100001366.
Full textAbstract:
Art at the Start have been offering arts therapy and messy play sessions to promote the health and wellbeing of parents and 0- to 3-year-old infants in art galleries across Scotland, supported by the Mobilising Community Assets to Combat Health Inequalities scheme (see Art at the Start: Creative community intervention for perinatal and infant mental health report 2023). We mobilise the established health benefits of art to support families to develop healthy relationships with their infants. Making art together offers a safe space for parents to respond sensitively to their infants' aims and experiences, and for infants to see the positive mark they make on the world. Across 2023, the UKRI Mobilising community assets to combat health inequalities scheme funded Art at the Start to form a consortium bringing together academics working in psychology, art therapy, arts & health, arts education and midwifery with a range of nonacademic stakeholders, including families, family arts and support organisations, arts galleries and NHS infant mental health teams, and project partners from the government and third sector policy landscape. The roles in our consortium are shown in the graphic below (with individuals listed in the acknowledgments section). A central aim of our consortium was to consider availability and accessibility of art based supports for early years relationships, in order to inform future service development. Led by a community parent researcher and a participation officer from a charity which supports parents, we evaluated the experiences and needs of families who may benefit from the health and wellbeing outcomes of early years art access. Alongside this, our research fellow mapped existing art-based opportunities for families with young children across the UK, identifying examples of diverse practice. This report summarises our motivations and findings, providing a useful snapshot of UK provision of art-based supports for 0- to 3-year-old children in 2023.
8
W, Nedra, Laura B. Strange, Sara M. Kennedy, Katrina D. Burson, and Gina L. Kilpatrick. Completeness of Prenatal Records in Community Hospital Charts. RTI Press, February 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2018.rr.0032.1802.
Full textAbstract:
We describe the completeness of prenatal data in maternal delivery records and the prevalence of selected medical conditions and complications among patients delivering at community hospitals around Atlanta, Georgia. Medical charts for 199 maternal-infant dyads (99 infants in normal newborn nurseries and 104 infants in newborn intensive care nurseries) were identified by medical records staff at 9 hospitals and abstracted on site. Ninety-eight percent of hospital charts included prenatal records, but over 20 percent were missing results for common laboratory tests and prenatal procedures. Forty-nine percent of women had a pre-existing medical condition, 64 percent had a prenatal complication, and 63 percent had a labor or delivery complication. Missing prenatal information limits the usefulness of these records for research and may result in unnecessary tests or procedures or inappropriate medical care.
9
Tomova, Valentina, Diana Vlahova, Diana Diankova, Roumen Marinov, Anna T.Dasheva-Dimitrova, and Ralitsa Georgieva. Bronchopulmonary Dysplasiaassociated Pulmonary Hypertension in Premature Infants. "Prof. Marin Drinov" Publishing House of Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.7546/crabs.2021.07.14.
Full text
10
Hodges, Leslie, Saied Toossi, Jessica E. Todd, and Cayley Ryan-Claytor. special supplemental Nutrition Program for women, infants, and children (WIC): background, trends, and economic issues. Washington, D.C.: Economic Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2024.8254669.ers.
Full textAbstract:
The Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) provides supplementary foods, nutrition education, and referrals to healthcare and other social service agencies to low-income, nutritionally at-risk women, infants, and children up to 5 years of age. Administered by the U.S. Department of Agriculture's Food and Nutrition Service, WIC had an annual budget of $6 billion and served more than 6 million people each month in fiscal year 2022. The USDA's Economic Research Service periodically reports on research findings relevant to WIC policy and program operations, often following major changes in the program's design. This 2024 edition of the report explains how WIC works, discusses program trends, and summarizes research findings on key economic outcomes and policy issues facing the program. This report also outlines temporary changes to WIC in response to the Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic and the infant formula supply chain disruptions that occurred in 2022.