Dissertations / Theses: 'Infant vision'

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Skelton, Alice Elizabeth. "Infant colour perception." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2018. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/77041/.

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Drover, James R. "Modification of the infant contrast sensitivity card procedure." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ55503.pdf.

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Toomey, Donald F. "Pre-baptismal preparation a vision to be lived out /." Online full text .pdf document, available to Fuller patrons only, 2000. http://www.tren.com.

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Andrew, Morag Jane. "Neurodevelopmental and visual outcomes of infants at risk of neurodevelopmental disability following dietary supplementation in infancy." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2016. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:2c4a24e3-4924-4085-bad0-fb054622cb7f.

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Background: Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), choline and uridine-5-monophosphate (UMP) are important brain nutrients which form phosphatidylcholine, the most abundant brain membrane phospholipid. DHA, choline and UMP supplementation increases rodent brain phospholipids, synaptic components, functional brain connectivity and cognitive performance. This novel pilot study supplemented infants at risk of neurological impairment (ARNI) with a nutrient combination containing these neurotrophic compounds. Aims: 1) In a double blind randomised control trial (RCT), investigate if intake of a specific nutrient combination improves neurodevelopmental and visual outcome in infants ARNI. 2) Using novel measures of cortical visual function, investigate the effect of perinatal brain injury severity, gestational age at birth and sex upon visuocognitive development in infants at risk of neurodevelopmental impairment. Method: Recruitment was from UK neonatal units. Eligibility: ≤ 31 weeks, weight < 9th percentile; < 31 weeks with ≥ Grade II intraventricular haemorrhage (IVH) or preterm white matter injury (PWMI); 31-40 weeks with ≥ Grade II IVH or PWMI, ≥ Sarnat Grade II HIE or defined brain MRI abnormalities. Stratification was by sex, gestation and brain injury severity. Randomised infants received neurotrophic supplementation or placebo, for 2 years. Primary outcome was Bayley Scales of Infant Development III (BSID III) composite cognitive score (CCS) after 2 years. Secondary outcomes included BSID III composite language score (CLS) and BSID III composite motor score (CMS). Cortical visual measures were pattern reversal visual event related potential (PR-VERP) latency (transient and calculated), orientation reversal visual event related potentials (OR-VERP), and the Fixation Shift test (FS). Functional behavioural vision was assessed using the Atkinson Battery of Child Development for Examining Functional Vision (ABCDEFV). Local Ethics Committee approval was granted. Results: 62 neonates were recruited. After 2 years, mean CCS in the intervention group was 87.7 (SD 20.4) and 81.6 (SD 18.5) in the placebo group (mean difference = 2.28, p=0.13; -0.2, 18.2). Mean CLS in the intervention group was 91.5 (SD 20.1) and 83.2 (SD 19.6) in the placebo group (mean difference = 2.74, p=0.1; -2.4, 18.3). CMS was similar in both groups. In relation to trial visual outcome measures, more infants in the placebo group gave a statistically significant OR-VERP response than in the intervention group (p=0.03). There were no statistically significant differences between the placebo and intervention on any other trial visual outcome measure. Cohort analyses indicate that transient PR-VERP latency is prolonged in children at risk of neurodevelopmental disability compared to typically developing infants (mean difference = -23.3, p=0.015, 95% CI -42.10 - -4.54). Calculated PR-VERP latency is prolonged to an even greater extent in children at risk of neurodevelopmental disability compared to typically developing infants (mean difference -148.6, p=0.000, 95% CI -179.7- -117.43), and remains prolonged across the age range tested. Conclusions: 1) The difference in CCS and CLS between intervention and placebo groups represents a clinically significant effect size. Use of neurotrophic micronutrient supplementation in infants ARNI warrants exploration in a large multicentre RCT. 2) Calculated PR-VERP latency may be a more appropriate outcome measure of cortical visual function than transient PR-VERP latency in infants at risk of neurodevelopmental disability.

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Ross-Sheehy, Shannon. "Attentional Modulation Of Infant Visual Short Term Memory." Diss., University of Iowa, 2005. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/107.

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Previous work has demonstrated that infant visual short-term memory (VSTM) capacity increases dramatically between 6 and 10 months of life (Ross-Sheehy, S., Oakes, L. M., & Luck, S. J. (2003). The development of visual short-term memory capacity in infants. Child Development, 74, 1807-1822). However, it is unclear if this increase is a function of improving memory abilities, or alternatively, if it is a function of improving attentional abilities. Moreover, it is currently unknown if infants, like adults, can use attention to form stable VSTM representations in situations where they would otherwise fail. Four experiments explored the relationship between visual attention and VSTM in 5.5- and 10-month-old infants. Results indicated that 1) 10-month-old infants are able to use attention to selectively encode items into VSTM, 2) this ability does not appear to be present in younger infants, 3) this ability does not appear to interact with the complexity of the test array, and 4) attentional facilitation requires a relatively salient cue. Taken together, these results are the first to demonstrate that infant VSTM representations can be mediated by visual attention, and that this mediation relies on relatively well-developed visual attention mechanisms.

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Lameirinha, Jorge de Almeida. "Importância do rastreio visual precoce nas crianças: impacto nos cuidados de saúde secundários." Master's thesis, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas. Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/4847.

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Tendo como ponto de partida os objectivos do Programa Nacional para a Saúde da Visão 2004-2010 relativos à prevenção primária e à detecção precoce das alterações oftalmológicas, a tese de mestrado do Ortoptista Jorge Lameirinha sob o tema “Importância do Rastreio Visual Precoce nas Crianças: Impactos nos Cuidados de Saúde Secundários” procura abrir um campo de reflexão e validação de como é feita a detecção precoce de alterações oftalmológicas e a respectiva referenciação dos cuidados de saúde primários para a consulta de especialidade hospitalar. De forma a enquadrar a saúde visual infantil, identificar a importância da sua vigilância e dos critérios de referenciação de alterações oftalmológicas entre diferentes níveis de cuidados de saúde em Portugal – nível primário e secundário -, considerou-se pertinente para efeitos de investigação proceder-se à análise de um universo circunscrito no tempo e no espaço. Esta investigação parte da observação e análise de (1) um universo de 845 crianças com idades compreendidas entre os 0 e os 14 anos que realizaram um rastreio visual na consulta de oftalmologia pediátrica do Hospital de São Bernardo – Centro Hospitalar de Setúbal -, e (2) dos resultados de um inquérito por questionário acerca de como é desenvolvida a vigilância visual infantil, aplicado aos Directores dos Centros de Saúde do Concelho de Setúbal. Da apresentação e discussão dos principais resultados, este estudo traz algumas recomendações para a resolução de determinados bloqueios, identificados na realização do rastreio visual infantil, e propostas para reforçar a implementação das directivas expostas no Programa Nacional para a Saúde Visual.

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Ravanini, Solange Gagheggi 1956. "Triagem do comportamento visual de lactentes nos três primeiros mese de vida = medida de promoção à saúde ocular." [s.n.], 2012. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/310944.

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Orientadores: Maria Francisca Colella dos Santos, Maria de Lurdes Zanolli
Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas
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Resumo: Objetivos: Analisar o desenvolvimento visual de lactentes, por meio da identificação dos comportamentos visuais mais freqüentes nos três primeiros meses de vida e identificar qual o mês mais favorável para realização da triagem visual. Método: Estudo analítico, seccional, realizado no CEPRE/FCM/UNICAMP, com lactentes saudáveis, nos três primeiros meses de vida. O instrumento utilizado foi o Método de Avaliação da Conduta Visual de Lactentes. A análise estatística foi realizada pelo modelo loglinear para associações entre o sexo, faixa etária e as respostas dos lactentes em cada prova. Resultados: A amostra do estudo foi de 1073 lactentes (50,1% meninos e 49,9% meninas), sendo no primeiro mês 688 lactentes, no segundo mês 229 e no terceiro mês 156. Verificou-se diferença significante entre a freqüência das respostas dos lactentes e a faixa etária nas provas P3 (sorriso social), P5 (seguimento visual vertical), P7 (exploração visual da mão), P8 (movimentos dos membros ao visualizar objeto) e P9 (estender o braço na direção do objeto visualizado). Na P5 verificou-se freqüência de respostas positivas acima de 95% a partir do segundo mês. Não houve diferença significante nas provas P1-contato de olho, P2- fixação visual, P4- seguimento visual horizontal e P6- observação visual do ambiente. Estas provas apresentaram freqüência superior a 99% já no primeiro mês. A P9 foi significante quando comparada ao sexo. A comparação do sucesso das respostas dos lactentes na aplicação do instrumento de triagem com os meses foi significante entre o primeiro e segundo e entre primeiro e terceiro meses. Conclusão: A triagem do comportamento visual de lactentes deve ser realizada entre o segundo e terceiro meses de vida, pelas provas: P1, P2, P4, P5 e P6, como ação de promoção da saúde ocular e detecção precoce de alterações visuais
Abstract: Objectives: To analyze the visual development of infants, by identifying the most frequent visual behaviors in the first three months and to identify the most favorable month for carrying out visual screening. Method: Sectional analytic study, carried out at CEPRE/FCM/UNICAMP, with healthy infants, during their first trimester. The instrument used was the Assessment Method of Infant Visual Behavior. Statistical analysis was carried out using the log-linear model of association between sex, age and infant responses to each test. Results: The study sample was made up of 1073 infants(of which 50,1% were boys and 49,9% girls), with 688 first month infants, 229 second month infants and 156 third month infants. The results showed a significant difference among frequency of infant responses and age for the following tests: T3 (social smile), T5 (vertical visual tracking), T7 (visual exploration of hands), T8 (arm and leg movements when looking at object) and T9 (arm extension towards the object being visualized). For T5, the frequency of positive answers was more than 95% after the second month. There was no significant difference for tests T1 - eye contact, T2 - visual fixation, T4 - horizontal visual tracking and T6 - visual observation of environment. These tests presented frequency higher than 99% already at the first month. T9 was significant when compared to sex. Comparison of the success of newborn infants for the application of the screening instrument monthly was significant between the first and second months and between the first and third months. Conclusion: Screening of visual behavior of infants should be carried out between the second and third months of life using the tests: T1, T2, T4, T5 and T6, as an action for ocular health promotion and early detection of visual alterations
Doutorado
Saude da Criança e do Adolescente
Doutor em Saude da Criança e do Adolescente

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Martini, Giovana 1979. "Uso do teste Lea Gratings para avaliação da acuidade visual de resolução de grades em lactentes normais." [s.n.], 2012. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/313679.

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Orientadores: Abimael Aranha Netto, André Moreno Morcillo
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas
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Resumo: Objetivos: Determinar o desenvolvimento da acuidade visual de grades binocular e monocular, mensuradas com o Lea Gratings, prover uma base idade-dependente por esta técnica em uma coorte de crianças saudáveis e comparar os resultados obtidos por este teste com os obtidos com os Cartões de Acuidade de Teller. Método: Tratou-se de estudo prospectivo e longitudinal, descritivo e analítico, da acuidade visual de resolução de grades de um grupo de lactentes, nos três primeiros meses de vida e no período entre 12 e 24 meses. Considerou-se, como critérios de inclusão, lactentes que foram nascidos a termo e adequados para a idade gestacional, com um mês de idade cronológica e residentes na região metropolitana de Campinas, que apresentaram o Reflexo Vermelho presente ao nascimento. A acuidade visual de resolução de grades foi mensurada por meio do teste Lea Gratings, mês a mês, e, a partir dos 12 meses, também por meio dos Cartões de Acuidade de Teller, quando foram descartadas alterações oftalmológicas nos participantes do estudo. A amostra foi constituída de 133 lactentes e a análise dos resultados foi realizada utilizando-se o Statistical Package for Social Sciences for Personal Computer (SPSS 16.0). Os valores de acuidade (CPD) foram apresentados em distribuição de frequência e para determinação da média e do desvio padrão, os dados foram transformados em escala de uma oitava. Para comparação da acuidade visual entre as idades foi utilizada a análise de variância para medidas repetidas e o de Wilcoxon para comparação das medidas entre os olhos para amostras relacionadas. A correlação entre os resultados obtidos pelos dois testes foi avaliada pelo Coeficiente de Correlação de Spearman. Resultados: Os valores de acuidade visual binocular foram crescentes, sendo obtida no primeiro mês a média de 0,55 cpd (±0,70), de 1,35 cpd (±0,69) no segundo mês e de 3,11 cpd (±0,54) no terceiro mês. A partir dos 12 meses, as médias dos valores de acuidade visual binocular e monocular - foram, respectivamente, de 14,41 cpd (±0,25) e de 12,03 cpd (±0,39) nas crianças com idade entre 12 e 14 meses, de 14,10 cpd (±0,27) e de 10,79 cpd (±0,42) em crianças com idade entre 15 e 18 meses e de 15,50 cpd (±0,13) e de 13,42 cpd (±0,26) em crianças com idade entre 19 e 24 meses. Os resultados da análise de variância demonstraram diferenças significativas nos valores de acuidade visual entre todas as idades. Os coeficientes de Correlação de Spearman entre os testes Lea Gratings e Cartões de Acuidade de Teller foram de 0,53505 e de 0,65175 para, respectivamente, as medidas binocular e monocular. Conclusão: O teste foi capaz de avaliar a evolução da acuidade visual no primeiro trimestre de vida e no período entre 12 a 24 meses, e permitiu o fornecimento de uma base idade-dependente por esta técnica em uma coorte de lactentes saudáveis até o período de 12 meses. A comparação entre os dois testes de acuidade visual de grades demonstrou correlação positiva
Abstract: Purpose: This study aims to determine the development of the binocular and monocular grating acuity with Lea Gratings, to established age-related norms for this method in a health children cohort and comparing the results obtained by this test with those obtained with the Teller Acuity Cards. Methods: This was a prospective and longitudinal study, descriptive and analytic, of infant grating visual acuity in the first three months of life and between the ages 12 and 24 months. The sample was composed of infants that met the following criteria: full-term infants appropriate for gestational age, with a chronological age of one month, residents in the Campinas metropolitan region, born with positive red reflex and whose parents consented to participate in this study. The grating acuity of each infant was measured three times at regular intervals, using Lea Gratings, and after 12 months, also with the Teller Acuity Cards, when a complete ophthalmologic examination was conducted to reject any visual alteration. The final sample was composed of 133 infants and the results were analyzed with the Package for Social Sciences for the Personal Computer (SPSS 16.0). The grating acuity results were stated in frequency tables and converted into a one-octave scale for statistical calculation. Repeated measure analysis of variance was applied to compare the grating acuity results among ages. The Wilcoxon test was used to compare the measures between the eyes in related samples and the Spearman Correlation was applied to evaluate the results obtained with the two tests. Results: The binocular grating acuity measures were crescent. In the first month, the mean acuity was 0.55 cpd (±0.70); in the second month, the mean acuity was 1.35 cpd (±0.69) and in the third month it was 3.11 (±0.54). After 12 months, the means of binocular and monocular acuity were, respectively, 14.41 cpd (±0.25) and 12.03 cpd (±0.39) in children between ages 12 and 14 months; 14.10 cpd (±0.27) and 10.79 cpd (±0.42) in children between ages 15 and 18 months; 15.50 cpd (±0.13) and 13.42 cpd (±0.26) in children between ages 19 and 24 months. Analysis of variance to repeated measures indicated differences between the measures of grating acuity in all ages. The coefficient of Spearman Correlation between the tests Lea Gratings and Teller Acuity Cards was respectively 0.53505 and 0.65175 for binocular and monocular measures. Conclusions: This test was capable to assess the evolution of grating acuity in the first three months of life and between 12 and 24 months, and established age-related norms for this method in a health children cohort until 12 months age. The comparison between the two tests of grating acuity demonstrated positive correlation
Mestrado
Saude da Criança e do Adolescente
Mestra em Saúde da Criança e do Adolescente

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Ruas, Teresa Cristina Brito. "Avaliação do comportamento visuomotor de lactentes nascidos pré-termo durante o primeiro trimestre de vida: medida para proteção da saúde ocular." Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/2958.

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Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos
The primary function of vision is related to achievements in infant development. The visual behavior is known to be acquired once visual stimuli are processed by retinal cells and then transmitted to the cerebral cortex by neurovisual pathways. This neuromaturational process progresses as visual stimuli are received by the neurons and synapses are moved from one nerve cell to another, thus promoting a normal visual development. The prematurity of the infant has been described to be an important indicator of risk for morbidity during the visuomotor development. Infants likely to have visuomotor impairment during this period should thus be provided with special follow-up. In this regard, this longitudinal study aims to assess the visuomotor behavior in infants at risk for disorders during the first three months of life. The infants were recruited from the Program for Detecting Audiological Disorders in Newborns (DAANE), in the Center of Studies and Research on Rehabilitation Prof. Dr. Gabriel Porto at the School of Medical Sciences of the University Estadual of Campinas (CEPRE/FCM/UNICAMP). The participants were evenly divided into two groups of 21 infants. The experimental group was composed of preterm infants with gestational age under 37 full weeks, and a correected age of 1 to 3 months. The control group consisted of fullterm infants with gestational age ranging from 37 full weeks to 41 weeks and 6 days, and a chronological age of 1 to 3 months. Each infant was assessed three times at regular intervals through the Method for the Assessment of Infant Visual Behavior. The data was stored in a file form for the data bank of the program Statistical Package for Social Sciences for Personal Computer (Versão 14). The Cochran s Q-test was applied to compare the three months (assessment) in each group, and the Yates test was used to compare the two groups in each month. The results indicated that although linearity and sequence in visuomotor achievements were similar between the two groups, the rhythm and pattern of visuomotor development were different between them. In the first two months of life, fullterm infants were shown to acquire the great majority of the oculomotor and apendicular functions in a more rapid and frequent way. These results point to the importance of correcting gestational age when assessing the visuomotor behavior of infants at risk. This study provides a material for informational and instrumental support for parents regarding the normal visual development of infants from birth to the sixth month of life. Furthermore, this study contributes towards a further understanding of the visuomotor development of preterm infants, and promotes an opportune detection of possible signs indicative of visuomotor impairment so that the infant can receive a timely diagnosis.
A função primária da visão está ligada às conquistas do desenvolvimento infantil. Sabese que o desenvolvimento do comportamento visual ocorre diante da recepção e captação dos estímulos visuais pelas células retinianas e transmissão destes para o córtex cerebral pelas vias neurológicas da visão. Este processo de maturação neurológica ocorre à medida que chegam os estímulos visuais e mais sinapses vão sendo realizadas pelas células neurais, favorecendo o desenvolvimento visual normal. A prematuridade é reconhecida como importante indicador de risco para morbidades sobre o desenvolvimento infantil e desenvolvimento visuomotor. Desta forma, um acompanhamento especial deve ser destinado aos lactentes com chances de apresentar algum comprometimento visuomotor neste período. Diante do exposto, este estudo tem como objetivo avaliar o comportamento visuomotor de lactentes com indicador de risco para alterações no desenvolvimento, em seguimento longitudinal, durante o primeiro trimestre de vida. Os lactentes selecionados são aqueles que fazem parte do Programa de Detecção de Alterações Audiológicas em Neonatos (DAANE), no Centro de Estudos e Pesquisas em Reabilitação Prof. Dr. Gabriel Porto , da Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Universidade Estadual de Campinas (CEPRE/FCM/UNICAMP). A amostra do estudo é composta por dois grupos independentes de 21 lactentes cada um. O grupo experimental é composto por lactentes pré-termo com idade gestacional menor que 37 semanas completas de gestação e com idade corrigida entre 1 e 3 meses. O grupo controle tem população equivalente, porém são lactentes a termo com idade gestacional entre 37 semanas completas e 41 semanas e 6 dias, com idade cronológica entre 1 e 3 meses. Nesta proposta, cada lactente foi avaliado três vezes, com periodicidade definida, por meio do Método de Avaliação da Conduta Visual de Lactentes. Os dados foram armazenados nos moldes de arquivo para o banco de dados do programa Statistical Package for Social Sciences for Personal Computer (Versão 14) e receberam uma análise estatística, utilizando-se a prova Q de Cochran para comparar os três meses (avaliações) de cada grupo e o teste de Yates para comparar diretamente os dois grupos em cada mês. Os resultados das avaliações demonstraram que, apesar da linearidade e da sequência das aquisições visuomotoras serem semelhantes entre lactentes a termo e lactentes pré-termo, o ritmo e o padrão de desenvolvimento visuomotor de lactentes pré-termo diferencia-se dos lactentes a termo. A aquisição da grande maioria das funções oculomotoras e apendiculares no primeiro e segundo meses de vida ocorre de forma mais rápida e freqüente nos lactentes a termo. Frente a estes resultados, discute-se a importância da correção da idade gestacional nos processos avaliativos do comportamento visuomotor de lactentes de risco. Além disso, o presente estudo apresentou um material de suporte informacional e instrumental destinado aos pais, acerca do desenvolvimento visual normal até o sexto mês de vida. Desta forma, este estudo contribuiu para um maior conhecimento sobre o comportamento visuomotor de lactentes pré-termo, bem como possibilitou a detecção oportuna de possíveis sinais indicativos de comprometimento visuomotor e encaminhamento a serviços médicos para diagnóstico.

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Smith, Joss. "The development of binocular vision in normal and strabismic infants." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.317902.

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Neuschwanger, Christina Mary. "The development of color and motion processing /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3096419.

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Pereverzeva, Maria. "Simultaneous color contrast in four-month-old infants is revealed by a temporal modulation paradigm /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/9164.

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Shepherd, Ashley J. "Development of the visual evoked potential in high and low risk preterm infants." Thesis, Glasgow Caledonian University, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.388295.

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Chien, Sarina Hui-Lin. "Lightness constancy in 4-month-old human infants : a cue elimination approach /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/9094.

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Tulloch, Deborah. "Object permanence and expressive language skills in visually typical, visually atypical and down syndrome infants /." Access Digital Full Text version, 1985. http://pocketknowledge.tc.columbia.edu/home.php/bybib/10579928.

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Kogler, Timothy Michael. "The Effects of Degraded Vision and Automatic Combat Identification Reliability on Infantry Friendly Fire Engagements." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/31557.

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Fratricide is one of the most devastating consequences of any military conflict. Target identification failures have been identified as the last link in a chain of mistakes that can lead to fratricide. Other links include weapon and equipment malfunctions, command, control, and communication failures, navigation failures, fire discipline failures, and situation awareness failures. This research examined the effects of degraded vision and combat identification reliability on the time-stressed decision of a dismounted infantryman to engage friendly or threat targets. Twelve soldiers with the Military Occupational Specialty 95B (Military Police) participated in several live-fire scenarios while wearing goggles with various levels of transmissivity and shooting an M16A2 containing a combat identification system operating at 100% and 60% reliability. As expected, there was a significant main effect of Transmissivity Level [F(2, 22) = 8.168, p = 0.002] and Combat Identification Reliability [F(2, 22) = 38.467, p < 0.001] and a significant interaction effect of Transmissivity Level x Combat Identification Reliability [F(4, 44) = 3.111, p = 0.024] on the Number of Friendly Targets engaged. The main effects of Transmissivity Level and Combat Identification Reliability and their interaction effect on the Number of Missed Threat Targets were nonsignificant. An unexpected result was no practical increase in Mean Reaction Time using a combat identification system on the M16A2. As technology continues to improve the lethality of military weapon systems, a corresponding increase in target identification is required to avoid friendly fire causalities. Designers of future combat identification systems for the dismounted force will need to focus on operational reliability and ease of use to maximize the system benefits.
Master of Science

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Banks, Kristina L. "Process Evaluation of Group Well Child Visits for One-Month-Old Infants." Case Western Reserve University Doctor of Nursing Practice / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=casednp1460750207.

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Gebremeskel, Tamiru. "The impact of early childbearing on maternal behaviour and infant health in Ethiopia." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Sociologiska institutionen, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-106261.

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This study assessed how early motherhood influences maternal behavior and infant healthin Ethiopia. Data from the Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey 2011 were used.Descriptive and Multinomial analysis were performed to observe the determinants of antenatalcare visits and birth weight. Cox regression model was employed for analyzing the risk of infantmortality. Findings clearly show that young maternal age at birth was associated with asignificantly lower number of ANC visits and increased the risk of infant mortality. However,there was no significant difference in the incidence of having babies with a low birth weight byage. Apart from maternal age at birth, education, wealth status, place of residence and ethnicityhad a stronger significant effect on outcome variables.In conclusion, this study demonstrated that young age at birth has an effect on utilizationof ANC service and infant health. For a favorable maternal behavior and infant health outcomewe strongly suggest that the following should be considered-: strong enforcement of minimumage at marriage abided by law, promoting young women’s education, and adequate andaffordable health care services in remote rural areas where health clinics are inaccessible.

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Álvarez, Minte Gabriela. "Maltrato infantil e infancia. Una visión desde la familia y el estado." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2001. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/136784.

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Vila, i. Vidal Núria 1967. "La Visió infantil a Catalunya." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/667940.

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La visió té una importància crucial per als infants a l’hora de desenvolupar-se i en l’àmbit escolar. Malgrat aquesta importància, no hi ha dades poblacionals de visió infantil a Catalunya, cosa que dificulta l’elaboració de polítiques públiques en aquesta línia. L’objectiu de l’estudi és caracteritzar la visió infantil a Catalunya aportant dades, inèdites fins ara: la prevalença de l’impediment visual i la seva associació a variables socioeconòmiques a partir de les dades de l’Enquesta de Salut de Catalunya (ESCA) de menors, i, la influència de la visió en el rendiment acadèmic a partir de dades clíniques provinents de cribratges visuals a escolars. Els resultats principals són: 1) la distribució de l’impediment visual corregible no presenta diferències significatives per causes socioeconòmiques; 2) l’impediment visual no corregible té una prevalença major entre les classes socials desafavorides, encara que no significativament; 3) en infants amb bona agudesa visual l’alteració de la motilitat ocular està associada significativament amb el baix rendiment acadèmic; i 4) es proposa modificar les preguntes de visió de l’ESCA de menors per millorar la informació que se n’obté.
Vision is of crucial importance for children, for both their development and in the context of school. Despite the importance of vision, there are no population data for children's vision in Catalonia, making it difficult to develop public policies in such regard. This thesis primarily aims to characterise children's vision in Catalonia in order to provide useful data, unpublished thus far: the prevalence of visual impairment and its correlation with socio-economic variables, based on data from the Health Survey of Catalonia (ESCA) for minors; and the influence of vision on academic performance, based on clinical data from visual screenings carried out on school children. The main results of this research are: 1) the distribution of correctable visual impairment shows no significant differences based on socioeconomic factors; 2) non-correctable visual impairment is more prevalent among disadvantaged social classes. However, such prevalence is not statistically significant; 3) among schoolchildren with good visual acuity, altered ocular motility is significantly associated with low academic performance; and 4) we propose to modify the vision questions for the ESCA for minors to improve the information collected.

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Chundru, Renu. "Occipital White Matter Volumes Predict Visual Motor Outcome in Preterm Infants with Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP)." Yale University, 2006. http://ymtdl.med.yale.edu/theses/available/etd-06272006-100639/.

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Although very low birth weight preterm (VLBW) infants with grade 3,4 retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) are at high risk for unfavorable visual outcomes, the middle school vision motor integration (VMI) skills and cognitive outcome scores of these children remain largely unknown. Data for 323 very VLBW survivors of the Multicenter Randomized Indomethacin IVH Prevention Trial (BW 600 1250 g) were analyzed to test the hypothesis that grades 3, 4 ROP would be an important predictor of cognitive and VMI skills. 3 subgroups were evaluated: ROP negative (N = 163), ROP grades 1,2 (N = 137) and ROP grades 3,4 (N = 23) were evaluated prospectively at 12 years of age with a neurocognitive battery. High-resolution volumetric MRI scans were quantified for 40 of the study subjects, and occipital brain volumes were correlated with Beery VMI scores. Children with ROP 3-4 had [arrow up - increased] vision impairment and lower test scores. Whole brain volumes were significantly less for children with any grade of ROP (p = 0.02), occipital white matter volumes tended to be less for the same study subjects (p = 0.08) and both total occipital brain volumes and occipital white matter volumes were significantly correlated with Beery VMI scores (r=0.610, p = 0.009 and r = 0.652, p =0.005, respectively). Prematurely-born children with a history of grade 3-4 ROP continue to have [arrow up - increased] vision impairment, special needs and lower performance on cognitive, language and visual motor integration scores at age 12 years. Both whole occipital brain volumes and occipital white matter volumes were predictive of VMI scores for children with ROP. (supp by NS 27116)

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Zimmermann, Anita 1959. "Avaliação da visão funcional infantil em serviço oftalmológico universitário." [s.n.], 2013. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/310200.

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Orientadores: Keila Miriam Monteiro de Carvalho, Rodrigo Pessoa Cavalcanti Lira
Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas
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Resumo: Objetivo: Avaliar a Visão Funcional de crianças de zero a 5 anos e 11 meses de idade, após diagnóstico oftalmológico de Baixa Visão, para identificar a necessidade de Estimulação Visual no grupo estudado do Serviço de Estimulação Visual/VSN/OFTALMOLOGIA/HC/FCM/UNICAMP. Materiais e Métodos: Trata-se de estudo transversal analítico, aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa, nº 1025/2010. Foi utilizado instrumento de Avaliação da Visão Funcional Infantil, organizado após estudos na literatura de autores nacionais e internacionais, na busca por avaliações da visão funcional que contemplassem a necessidade do serviço. Considerando-se as diferentes faixas etárias infantis propostas neste estudo, com n = 143, ponderou-se sobre a efetividade de algumas avaliações pesquisadas, organizando-se instrumento avaliatório, com tópicos, desenvolvidos de maneira a se obter respostas visuais eficientes para determinar condutas em Estimulação Visual. O Instrumento de Avaliação da Visão Funcional Infantil foi aplicado em grupo controle, com mesmo n (n=143) para sua validação. Resultados: As afecções oftalmológicas, responsáveis pelas deficiências visuais do grupo estudado foram: Retinopatia da Prematuridade, Afecções de Nervo Óptico, Deficiência Visual Cortical, Coriorretinite Macular Infecciosa, Malformações Oculares, Catarata Infantil, Degenerações Primárias da Retina, Glaucoma Congênito, Ceratopatias e Trauma Ocular ou Orbitário. A distribuição por idades foi determinada pela proximidade de respostas visuais esperadas para cada faixa etária deste estudo. Em relação ao Desenvolvimento Neuro Psico Motor (DNPM), 44 (30%) crianças apresentavam Bom desenvolvimento Neuro Psico Motor (BDNPM) e 99 (70%) Retardo no Desenvolvimento Neuro Psico Motor (RDNPM). No grupo controle, 2 crianças (1,4%) apresentaram RDNPM. Após aplicação do Instrumento de Avaliação da Visão Funcional Infantil, Parte 1 e Parte 2 (Teste com Cartões de Teller), das 143 crianças estudadas, 107, representando 74% do total, receberam indicação para Estimulação Visual. No grupo controle, independente do DNPM, nenhuma criança recebeu indicação para estimulação visual. Conclusão: O Instrumento de Avaliação da Visão Funcional Infantil, em sua composição com o teste com Cartões de Teller, foi eficiente para determinar condutas em estimulação visual
Abstract: Objective: To evaluate the Functional Vision in children between zero and 5 years and 11 months old, after ophthalmological diagnosis of Low Vision, in order to identify the necessity of Visual Stimulation in the studied group from the Visual Stimulation Service/VSN/OPHTHALMOLOGY/HC/FCM/UNICAMP. Materials and Methods: This is a transversal analytical study, approved by the Research Ethics Committee, nº 1025/2010. It was used an Instrument for Functional Vision Evaluation for Children, organized after studies in the literature of national and international authors, in the search for functional vision evaluations which addressed the need for the service. Considering the different infant ages proposed on this study, with n = 143, the effectiveness of some evaluations surveyed were pondered, resulting in the organization of an evaluation instrument, with topics, developed in order to obtain efficient visual answers to determine Visual Stimulation conducts. The Instrument for Functional Vision Evaluation was applied in the Control Group, with similar n (n=143) for its validation. Results: The ophthalmologic diseases, responsible for the visual deficiencies of the studied group were: Retinopathy of Prematurity, Optical Nerve Disorder, Cortical Visual Deficiency, Infectious Macular Chorioretinitis, Ocular Malformations, Child Cataract, Retinal Primary Degenerations, Congenital Glaucoma, Ceratopatias and Ocular or Orbital Trauma. The age distribution was determined by the proximity of visual responses expected for each group age on this study. Regarding to the Psycho Neuro Motor Development (PNMD), 44 (30%) of the children presented Good Psycho Neuro Motor Development (GPNMD) and 99 (70%) presented Retardation of Psycho Neuro Motor Development (RPNMD). After the application of the Instrument for Functional Vision Evaluation for Children, Part 1 and Part 2 (Test with Teller Cards), on the 143 evaluated children, 107, representing 74% of the total, received indication for Visual Stimulation. In the control group, independently from the PNMD, no children has received indication for visual stimulation. Conclusion: The Instrument for Functional Vision Evaluation for Children, in its composition with the Test with Teller Cards, was efficient to identify conducts in Visual Stimulation
Doutorado
Ciencias Biomedicas
Doutora em Ciências Médicas

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Loftis, Allison E. "ENGAGING MOTHERS: SELF-EFFICACY AND MOTHER/INFANT INTERACTION AMONG MOTHERS EXPERIENCING MULTIPLE LIFE STRESSORS." UKnowledge, 2013. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/edsrc_etds/4.

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The purpose of this project was to interview mothers of newborns who participated in early intervention services focusing on the implementation of a tool developed at the Family, Infant and Preschool Program (FIPP) in North Carolina. The intent was to examine the experience of mothers and home visitors employing the tool, which was designed to enhance the mother/infant relationship. However, a stronger focus on the relationship between mother and home visitor emerged throughout the interviews. Among some participants the relationship among practitioner and parent appeared to create a safe space to share, practice strategies and grow. Although characteristics of FIPP practices associated with the tool remained consistent among home visitors, the way in which services were implemented were unique to each home visitor and parent. Mothers participating in the project were identified as coping with numerous life stressors associated with poverty at the time of the interviews.

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Morasco, Junior Marcos Airton. "Parâmetros gráfico-inclusivos para o desenvolvimento de objetos de aprendizagem digitais voltados ao público infantil /." Bauru, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/157459.

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Orientador: Cassia Leticia Carrara Domiciano
Banca: Fausto Orsi Medola
Banca: Deborah Viviane Ferrari
Resumo: Essa dissertação de mestrado apresenta uma investigação com foco no Design Gráfico Inclusivo aplicado à área da Educação. Propõe uma revisão bibliográfica em áreas como o design gráfico, design inclusivo, design educacional, necessidades educacionais especiais, educação especial, tecnologias assistivas, inclusão digital e acessibilidade web, além de reflexões a respeito do desenvolvimento de materiais digitais acessíveis, que possam atender também às crianças com necessidades específicas de aprendizagem. Objetiva analisar, comparar e gerar diretrizes e parâmetros projetuais em design gráfico para o desenvolvimento de objetos de aprendizagem digitais que sejam acessíveis ao público infantil, contemplando tanto crianças normotípicas, como aquelas com necessidades educacionais especiais, como dislexia, cegueira, baixa-visão, daltonismo, surdez e baixa-audição, visando inovar os métodos de ensino-aprendizagem para esse público. Elenca, compara e analisa recomendações de acessibilidade relacionados à identidade gráfica de um ambiente digital (tipografia, cores, mídias, elementos interativos e de acessibilidade web), provindos de pesquisas teóricas e dos órgãos de fomento a acessibilidade: WCAG (2014) e E-MAG (2014), de caráter exploratório descritivo e empírico. Pretende ainda, por meio de pesquisa de campo, com a aplicação de um objeto de aprendizagem digital inclusivo a uma amostra de conveniência de nove usuários e auxílio da tecnologia de eye-tracking, colocar à prova recomend... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: This dissertation presents an investigation focusing on the Inclusive Graphic Design applied to the area of Education. It proposes a bibliographic review in areas such as graphic design, inclusive design, educational design, special educational needs, special education, assistive technologies, digital inclusion and web accessibility, as well as reflections on the development of accessible digital materials that can atend children with specific learning needs. It aims to analyze, compare and generate design guidelines and parameters in graphic design for the development of digital learning objects that are accessible to children, contemplating both normotypic children and those with special educational needs such as dyslexia, blindness, low vision, color blindness, deafness and low-hearing, aiming to innovate teaching-learning methods for this audience. Lists, compares and analyzes accessibility recommendations related to the graphic identity of a digital environment (typography, colors, media, interactive elements and web accessibility), coming from theoretical research and from the agencies promoting accessibility: WCAG (2014) and E-MAG (2014), with a descriptive and empirical exploratory character. It also intends, through field research, to apply an inclusive digital learning object to a convenience sample of nine users and aid in eye-tracking technology, to test design recommendations for the development of digital materials, which children with or without special educati... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Mestre

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Tevell, Moa, and Heidi Siebert. "Föräldrars upplevelse av hembesök från BVC : En studie baserad på inlägg från föräldraforum." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för folkhälso- och vårdvetenskap, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-308104.

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Bakgrund: I Sverige är barnhälsovården frivillig, att få ett hembesök när barnet är nyfött är ett erbjudande. Sedan år 2015 erbjuds föräldrar ytterligare ett hembesök när barnet är åtta månader. För att ge bra stöd till föräldrarna i deras egenvårdande roll är det viktigt att veta hur föräldrarna upplever hembesök från barnavårdcentralen (BVC). Syfte: Att undersöka föräldrars upplevelse och erfarenhet av hembesök från BVC. Metod: Data samlades in genom att lägga ut frågor på 2 föräldraforum under 3 månader och söka inlägg på 11 föräldraforum som svarade på studiens frågeställningar och som var skrivna år 2013 - 2016. Data analyserades med induktiv innehållsanalys. Resultat: Föräldrar hade varierade upplevelser av hembesök från BVC, från bekvämlighet, exempelvis upplevdes det som positivt att slippa ge sig ut i dåligt väder, till en känsla av att bli kontrollerad som förälder. Många föräldrar kände inte till att BVC erbjuder 8-månaders hembesök, och en del kände inte till att BVC erbjöd hembesök överhuvudtaget. Flera föräldrar uttryckte en osäkerhet runt syftet med hembesök. Slutsats: Det är viktigt att distriktssköterskan har en bra rutin för hur, var och när informationen om hembesök skall ges för att informationen om hembesök skall nå fram till alla föräldrar. Informationen kan ha en stor betydelse för hur föräldrar kommer att uppleva hembesöket från BVC och om föräldrar tackar ja till hembesök.
Background: In Sweden, child healthcare is voluntary and home visit by a nurse when the baby is newborn is an offer. Since 2015, parents are offered a second home visit when the baby is eight months. To provide good support to the parents in their caring role it is important to know how the parents experience the home visits by the child health center (CHC). Objective: To investigate the parents' experience of home visits from CHC. Method: Data was collected by posting questions in two parent forums during 3 months and searching for posts in 11 parent forums from 2013 to 2016. Data was analyzed by inductive content analysis. Results: The parents had varying experiences of home visits; from comfort, for example was perceived as positive to avoid having to go out in bad weather, to a sense of being controlled as a parent. Many parents were unaware that the CHC offers a home visit at eight months, and some were unaware that home visits were offered at all. Several parents expressed an uncertainty about the purpose of the home visit. Conclusion: It is important that the district nurse has a good routine of how, where and when information about home visits is given to reach all parents. The information can have a significant impact on how parents will experience home visit from the CHC, and if they will accept home visits.

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Bust, Ella. "Community health worker's perspective of mother–infant bonding within the the first 1000 days of life in Khayelitsha, South Africa." University of the Western Cape, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/7541.

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Magister Artium (Psychology) - MA(Psych)
While community health workers possess valuable insight into health care delivery in South Africa, their voices and experiences are seldom sought in the acquisition of knowledge surrounding relevant social concerns. This research aimed to explore community health workers’ perspectives of mother–infant bonding within the first 1000 days of life. The first 1000 days of a child’s life are a delicate yet highly consequential period affecting future physical, cognitive, and socio-emotional growth. The bond between mother and infant within the first 1000 days is especially critical as it is within the bounds of this relationship that a child is fed, cared for, and kept safe. Furthermore, mother–infant bonding lays an essential foundation for future development. However, there is a paucity of contextualized literature, particularly regarding mother–infant bonding in the first 1000 days. In practice, mother–infant interventions are often delivered by community health workers. Through their work, community health workers gain a wealth of knowledge and information about the experiences and practices of bonding within their community. Their insights are a potentially untapped resource which could be used to supplement research and interventions with local, contextualized wisdom. The aim of this research was to explore community health workers’ perspectives of mother–infant bonding within the first 1000 days in Khayelitsha, South Africa. The study utilized a qualitative methodological framework and an exploratory research design. Semi-structured individual interviews were conducted with 15 experienced community health workers, who were purposively selected from a non-governmental organization located in Khayelitsha, South Africa. Data were thematically analysed, and five primary themes emerged from the analysis, namely: (1) the importance of the first 1000 days; (2) the centrality of mother–infant bonding within the first 1000 days; (3) effective approaches to bonding are simple, natural, and free; (4) the inhibitors of mother–infant bonding; and (5) the need for support. Trustworthiness and researcher reflexivity practices were integrated throughout the research process. Ethics considerations were prioritized, and included providing informed consent, ensuring confidentiality and anonymity, and informing participants of their rights as stipulated by the University of the Western Cape Biomedical Research Ethics Committee.

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Giaretta, Liz Andréia [UNESP]. "Monteiro Lobato e o Sítio do Picapau Amarelo: uma análise do pensamento geográfico." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/99185.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
A presente pesquisa tem como propósito realizar uma análise do pensamento geográfico embutido na visão do mundo de Monteiro Lobato em sua obra literária infantil. Com isso, promoveremos a inserção dessa obra na História do Pensamento Geográfico, buscando preencher uma lacuna nessa linha de pesquisa, que tem dado pouca atenção às obras desse gênero literário. Para analisar essa visão do mundo, amparamo-nos em Lucien Goldmann que propõe o estudo das obras-primas de literatura na perspectiva do método estruturalista genético. A partir de suas orientações, analisamos o contexto histórico vivido por Lobato e as correntes de pensamento que o influenciaram a propor uma reconstrução do espaço geográfico brasileiro, pautado na ideologia de sua classe social: a burguesia industrial. Esse panorama contextualizou a análise do discurso geográfico de Lobato presente em três histórias: Geografia de Dona Benta (1935), O poço do Visconde (1937), A Chave do Tamanho (1942). Os pontos marcantes neste discurso são industrialização, integração e identidade nacional, exploração dos recursos naturais, potencialidades e problemas regionais, valorização da educação e da ciência, e uma visão ambígua do povo e do progresso, ora vistos com otimismo, ora com pessimismo, caracterizando a visão do mundo contraditória do escritor. Também detectamos nesse discurso uma Geografia pautada em concepções deterministas e darwinistas sociais e, eventualmente, uma postura possibilista, o que nos levou a crer que a obra infantil lobatiana refletiu a conjuntura da ciência geográfica da década de 1930.
This academic research has the purpose of making an analysis of the geographic thought embedded in Monteiro Lobato’s world vision in his literary child. With this, we will intend to insert this work in the History of Geographic Thought, seeking for filling a gap in this line of research, which has given little attention to works of this gender. To analyze this world vision, we lean on Lucien Goldmann’s that suggests the study of works of literature primary in the perspective of the genetic structuralist method. From the guidelines of his proposal, we analyse the historical context lived by Monteiro Lobato and the currents of thought that had influenced him to propose a reconstruction of a Brazilian geographical space, based on the ideology of his social class: the industrial bourgeoisie. This overview contextualized the analysis of his geographic speech in the three stories: Geografia de Dona Benta (1935), O poço do Visconde (1937), A Chave do Tamanho (1942). The remarkable points in this speech are industrialization, national integration and identity, exploitation of natural resources, regional potentialities and problems, enhancement of education and science and an ambiguous seen of the people and progress, now seen with an optimism now with pessimism, characterizing the writer contradictory world vision. We also detected in this speech a Geography based on deterministic concepts and social darwinists, and, possibly, a possibilist behaviour, that led us to believe that Lobato’s literary child reflected the conjuncture of science geographic of the decade of 1930.

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Valadão, Monica da Silva. "Desafios e contradições nas visitas escolares: pode o termo de visita configurar-se como dispositivo de possibilidade formativa para as unidades de Educação Infantil da Rede Municipal de São Paulo?" Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2018. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/21613.

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Made available in DSpace on 2018-11-22T11:43:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Monica da Silva Valadão.pdf: 5594728 bytes, checksum: 5889879dc56c15258129b8e395784b53 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-09-25
The research aimed to analyse the visit’s conditions, designed in the supervising action, and how they may be configured as formative possibilities in order to qualify the academic activities proposed by the School Supervisors. This investigation intends to offer support for the Directors and Pedagogical Coordinators’ practices, leading, following and evaluating the Education Unit development, regarding the management and pedagogical dimensions, with the aim to act in a collaborative and constructive way, aiming the improvement of the teaching and learning process since it proposes critical reflections about the school needs. The profile of the Education Municipal System of São Paulo’s School Supervisor was also evidenced and characterized. The research was developed in four Schools of Children Education belonging to this System and had as subjects: four pedagogical coordinators, four directors and one school supervisor – the own researcher who at the time of the data production performed this role in the Education Units. This research is based on the dialogical construction and the critical reflection of the practice, having as major theoretical inputs Paulo Freire, Laurinda de Almeida, Vera Placco, Naura Ferreira, Lourdes Possani, Heloísa Lück and Mary Rangel. The analysis and interpretation of the data are ratified by the qualitative approach as proposed by Lüdke and André (1986). The methodological procedures used were: document analysis of the visit’s conditions, vídeo-interview with a semi-structured script and a questionnaire of characteriztion of the research subjects. It was highlighted the perception changes of the subjects concerning the new profile of the School Supervisor of this System, which do not act anymore as a surveillance agent but perform now as a partner with the managers, being co-responsible for the Schools teaching and learning process. According to the interviewed perceptions, the visits’ conditions represent this mechanism of formative possibility for the school managers, since they may promote the rethinking of the pedagogical work. This document goes beyond the formative presumptions and the surveillance, existing so far, assuming the purpose to evince the complexity of the school institutions routines, their progress, needs, difficulties and limitations, in order to allow the Manager Triad (directors, pedagogical coordinators and school supervisor) – in a dialogical and joint work – to take collective decisions in the administrative and pedagogical spheres, and that these lead to the real pedagogical and formative propositions needed for the pedagogical work achievement, with quality, inside the Schools
A pesquisa teve por objetivo analisar os termos de visita, elaborados na ação supervisora, e como estes se configuram em um dispositivo de possibilidades formativas para qualificar as ações educativas propostas pelos Supervisores Escolares. Essa investigação visa corroborar com as práticas de Diretores e Coordenadores Pedagógicos ao orientar, acompanhar e avaliar o desenvolvimento da Unidade Educacional, nas dimensões administrativas e pedagógicas, com o intuito de agir colaborativo e propositivo, visando a melhoria dos processos de ensino e aprendizagem ao propor reflexões críticas em relação às demandas escolares. Buscou-se também evidenciar e caracterizar o perfil do atual Supervisor Escolar da Rede Municipal de Ensino de São Paulo. A pesquisa foi realizada em quatro Escolas de Educação Infantil pertencentes a esta Rede e teve como sujeitos: quatro coordenadores pedagógicos, quatro diretores e uma supervisora escolar – a própria pesquisadora e que na época da produção de dados desempenhava essa função nestas Unidades Educacionais. Esta pesquisa tem como base a construção dialógica e a reflexão crítica da prática, tendo como principais aportes teóricos Paulo Freire, Laurinda de Almeida, Vera Placco, Naura Ferreira, Lourdes Possani, Heloísa Lück e Mary Rangel. A análise e interpretação dos dados produzidos são referendados na abordagem qualitativa, conforme proposto por Lüdke e André (1986). Como procedimentos metodológicos foram utilizadas: análise documental dos termos de visita, vídeo-entrevista com roteiro semiestruturado e questionário de caracterização dos participantes da pesquisa. Evidenciou-se que há mudanças nas percepções dos sujeitos em relação ao novo perfil do Supervisor Escolar desta Rede, deixando de agir como agente fiscalizador para atuar em parceria com gestores, sendo corresponsável pelos processos de ensino e aprendizagem das Escolas. Os termos de visita, na percepção das entrevistadas, se constituem como esse dispositivo de possibilidade formativa aos gestores escolares, pois possibilitam repensar o trabalho pedagógico. Este documento vai além dos pressupostos informativos e de fiscalização assumidos até então, para uma finalidade de evidenciar a complexidade do cotidiano das instituições escolares, seus avanços, necessidades, dificuldades e limitações, de modo que o Trio Gestor (diretores, coordenadores pedagógicos e supervisor escolar) – em um trabalho conjunto e dialógico – possa tomar decisões coletivas nas esferas administrativas e pedagógicas e que estas levem às reais proposições pedagógicas e formativas necessárias para a realização do trabalho pedagógico, com qualidade, no interior das Escolas

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Raynor, Desiree. "Visitor Hand-washing Compliance According to Policies and Procedures at a Regional Neonatal Intensive Care Unit." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2011. https://dc.etsu.edu/honors/124.

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Hospital-acquired infections cost hospitals approximately $30.5 billion per year and also result in longer hospital stays, chronic conditions, and even death with associated malpractice costs. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, hand hygiene is a simple, effective way to prevent illness and infection. The purpose of this research was to determine if visitors to a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) in a regional medical center comply with hand-washing policies and procedures. If NICU visitors wash their hands properly, they can prevent potentially fatal infections from spreading to patients, healthcare workers, and unaffected family members. Hand-washing compliance has been previously studied in NICU staff and other healthcare workers, but not solely visitors. The researcher observed more than 120 visitors as they entered the NICU to determine the number who washed their hands for the required three minutes. Based on the findings, NICU staff and administration will be encouraged to provide more effective education, post informative signs, and install equipment to encourage visitors to use proper hand-washing techniques. Effective hand-washing should result in lower infection rates among NICU patients and lower health care costs.

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Carrión, Ojeda Carlos. "Causas de ceguera o baja visión infantil en el Instituto de Salud del Niño: estudio realizado entre los años 1998 y 2002." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2003. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/1922.

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No existen actualmente estudios en la población peruana de patologías causantes de ceguera o baja visión infantil. Por este motivo fue necesario el realizar una investigación relacionada esta patología, en nuestra realidad, para lo cual revisamos historias clínicas relacionadas a estas patologías entre los años 1998 y 2002. En nuestro estudio hemos hallado que las enfermedades Intrauterinas son la principal causa de ceguera infantil en nuestro medio (RR = 6.17, p menor a 0.0001) seguidas de las enfermedades Perinatales (RR = 2.04, p = 0.00068). Las menores razones de riesgos, se encontraron entre las causas Hereditarias (RR = 0.62, p=0.119) y el riesgo de ceguera por enfermedad Infantil (RR = 0.08, p menor a 0.0001). Siendo la prevención y el tratamiento temprano y oportuno las mejores armas para mejorar la calidad de vida de nuestros niños afectados, concluimos que hay que intervenir en la prevención de patologías intrauterinas y perinatales, como la hipoxia perinatal, ROP e infecciones oculares perinatales. Los resultados del presente trabajo nos permitieron plantear recomendaciones para la detección precoz de patologías relacionadas a baja visión o ceguera en nuestra población. Hay que tomar conciencia del hecho que el mayor riesgo de ceguera se presentan por enfermedades que se producen intraútero y luego perinatalmente y que un gran porcentaje de ellas son prevenibles. Creemos que es importante el sensibilizar a los ginecobstetras, en el hecho de la gran participación de las causas intrauterinas, en la producción de ceguera infantil en nuestro medio (Torch) Etc. Hay que hacer mayor difusión de las causas de ceguera y baja visión infantil en los oftalmólogos pediatras, oftalmólogos generales, médicos no oftalmólogos involucrados como son los ginecobstetras, neonatólogos, pediatras, genetistas, neurólogos etc. para así lograr un diagnóstico temprano e inmediato de los casos de ceguera y baja visión infantil, para tratar y luego referir en forma inmediata a estos pacientes a centros educativos especializados. Sugerimos crear comités intrainstitucionales en los hospitales, que revisen frecuentemente las causas de ceguera o baja visión que pudieran ser prevenibles en sus respectivas instituciones. Instituir la consejería genética intra institucional y extra institucional, a las personas con riesgo de tener familia que pueda padecer de ceguera o baja visión hereditaria.
Tesis de segunda especialidad

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Ramírez, Lemus Erick. "Técnicas interpretativas dirigidas al público infantil que visita la zona de monumentos arqueológicos de Teotihuacan, Estado de México." Tesis de Licenciatura, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11799/99786.

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La Zona de Monumentos Arqueológicos de Teotihuacán es uno de los sitios prehispánicos mas importantes del país, razón por la cual anualmente recibe mas de tres millones de visitantes nacionales y extranjeros; la atracción que ejerce Teotihuacán “Lugar donde se hacen los dioses”, no es nueva, ya que desde la época prehispánica pueblos como el azteca realizaban peregrinaciones al lugar. La importancia arqueológica del sitio, radica que es considerada la primera ciudad mesoamericana fruto de la planificación y el trazo, es decir, que en ésta se observan una gama de características urbanas (armonía, orden y estilo arquitectónico, calles, sistema de drenajes, etc.), lo que la diferencía de otros asentamientos de su tiempo.

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Carvalho, Renata Zuolo. "Contos de fadas: um histórico-literário das imagens da mulher." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8156/tde-11022010-112115/.

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Essa dissertação de mestrado interpreta quatro obras da literatura infanto-juvenil, focando sua análise nas personagens femininas. Busca-se aqui entender porque determinadas narrativas tornaram-se atemporais e clássicas, constituindo uma base para a construção de outras narrativas. Assim, além de um levantamento histórico da vida social feminina e discussão da construção narrativa do conto de fadas, o estudo está pautado em uma interpretação psicanalítica das obras participantes do corpus.
This dissertation of master degree makes a interpretation of four young people literature`s work, but the focus is the female persona. We search to understand how some narratives became classics, and now they are the base for the construction to others narratives. Then, there is a history research from the women living and how the fairies tales are made, but the studies and interpretations of the corpus of this dissertation come from the psychology vision.

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Lopes, Marcia Caires Bestilleiro. "Relação entre o Questionário de Função Visual Infantil e as medidas psicofísicas de acuidade visual e visão de cores em crianças com deficiência visual." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/47/47135/tde-17032015-121437/.

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O Questionário de Função Visual Infantil (QFVI) é um instrumento para medir o impacto da deficiência visual na criança e em seus familiares. Pode ser utilizado como ferramenta para pesquisas, verificação da eficácia de tratamentos e de diferentes terapêuticas aplicadas, além de auxiliar métodos que intervenham com melhor eficiência, como habilitação e reabilitação visual. O objetivo deste trabalho é estudar a relação entre os domínios Saúde Geral, Saúde Geral da Visão, Competência, Personalidade, Impacto familiar e Tratamento, que compõem o QFVI, e as medidas psicofísicas de acuidade visual (AV) e discriminação de cromaticidade (VC). Este estudo prospectivo, transversal foi realizado no Laboratório de Psicofisiologia Sensorial da Universidade de São Paulo em parceria com o Ambulatório de Estimulação Visual Precoce Setor de Baixa Visão e Reabilitação Visual da Universidade Federal de São Paulo. As crianças convidadas a participarem deste estudo foram alocadas em 2 grupos: Grupo estudo (GE) composto por 32 crianças, com o diagnóstico de deficiência visual, com idade média de 30 meses (dp= 22,3); Grupo controle (GC) composto por 21 crianças, com visão normal e idade média de 34 meses (dp= 26,8). Esses grupos foram submetidos a aplicação do QFVI, e em seguida as avaliações de medida de AV através do teste de Cartões de Acuidade de Teller (CAT), e VC pelo programa Cambridge Colour Test para crianças (CCT Kids). O resultado da aplicação do QFVI, para os grupos de crianças menores de 3 anos, comparados entre os GE e GC, mostrou diferenças significantes entre os seguintes domínios: Saúde Geral da visão (F=24,07 e p<0,001); Competência (F=73,00 e p<0,001); Personalidade (F=10,21 e p=0,010); Impacto Familiar (F=35,30 e p<0,001); Total da qualidade de vida (F=64,06 e p<0,001). No teste de AV pelo CAT, nos grupos de crianças menores de 3 anos, comparados entre os GE e GC, foram observadas diferenças entre: AV de olho direito (OD) (F=12,86 e p<0,001); AV de olho esquerdo (OE) (F=11,09 e p<0,001); AV de ambos os olhos (AO) (F=16,27 e p<0,001). Estas diferenças mostram uma pior pontuação para o GE. Na VC medidos pelo CCT kids, os dados coletados nos grupos de crianças menores de 3 anos, comparados entre os GE e GC, não foram observadas diferenças estatisticamente significativas para os grupos Protan, Tritan, e Deutan para AO. Na aplicação do QFVI, os dados coletados nos grupos de crianças maiores de 3 anos, comparados entre os GE e GC, foram observadas diferenças entre os seguintes domínios: Saúde Geral da visão (F=10,00 e p<0,001); Competência (F=7,03 e p=0,030); Personalidade (F=6,48 e p=0,010); Total da qualidade de vida (F=11,39 e p=0,010). Estas diferenças mostram uma pior pontuação para o GE. No teste de AV pelo CAT, os dados coletados nos grupos de crianças maiores de 3 anos, comparados entre os GE e GC, foram observadas diferenças entre: AV de OD (F=19,25 e p<0,001); AV de OE (F=25,99 e p<0,001); AV de AO (F=15,45 e p<0,001). Estas diferenças mostram uma pior pontuação para o GE. No teste de VC pelo CCT kids, os dados coletados nos grupos de crianças maiores de 3 anos, comparados entre os GE e GC, não foram observadas diferenças estatisticamente significativas para os grupos Protan, Tritan, e ou Deutan. Para o GE, de crianças menores de 3 anos, a correlação negativa entre as funções visuais e o QFVI, está presente entre as seguintes variáveis: Saúde geral da visão e competência. Já para as crianças maiores de 3 anos: Saúde geral da visão, competência, impacto familiar e total da qualidade de vida. Nós concluímos que existem diferenças estatisticamente significativas quando comparados os GE e GC para as funções de acuidade visual e discriminação de cromaticidade, evidenciando a correlação no uso do QFVI e as funções de AV e VC
The Children\'s Visual Function Questionnaire (CVFQ) is an instrument to measure the impact of visual impairment in children and their families. It can be used as a research tool to verify the effectiveness of treatment, therapy and different methods for the visual stimulation and rehabilitation. The aim of this study is to describe the relationship between General Health, General Vision Health, Personality, Family Impact and Treatment subscales of the CVFQ, and psychophysical measures of visual acuity (VA) and chromaticity discrimination (CV). This prospective, cross-sectional study was conducted at the Sensory Psychophysiology Laboratory - University of São Paulo in partnership with the Ambulatory of Visual Stimulation in Sector of Low Vision and Visual Rehabilitation - Federal University of São Paulo. The children who participated in this study were divided into two groups: study group (SG) composed of 32 children with a diagnosis of visual impairment, mean age of 30 months (sd = 22.3); Control group (CG) consisted of 21 children with normal vision and mean age of 34 months (sd = 26.8). Both groups underwent the application of CVFQ, were tested for VA using the Teller Acuity Cards (TAC) test, and CV by the Cambridge Colour Test program for children (Kids CCT). The result of applying the CVFQ to groups of children under three years, when comparing SG and CG, showed significant differences in the following subscales: General Vision Health (F = 24.07, p <0.001); Competence (F = 73.00, p <0.001); Personality (F = 10.21, p = 0.010); Family Impact (F = 35.30, p <0.001); Total quality of life (F = 64.06, p <0.001). In the VA test by the TAC in groups of children under three years, comparing SG with CG, differences were observed in VA right eye (RE) (F = 12.86, p <0.001); VA left eye (LE) (F = 11.09, p <0.001); VA both eyes (BE) (F = 16.27, p <0.001). These differences show a worse score for the SG. In the CV measured by Kids CCT, the data collected in groups of children under three years, comparing SG and CG, no statistically significant differences for protan, tritan and deutan groups were observed for BE. In applying the CVFQ, the data collected from groups of children over three years, comparing SG and CG, differences were observed in the following subscales: General Vision Health (F = 10.00, p <0.001); Competence (F = 7.03, p = 0.030); Personality (F = 6.48, p = 0.010); Total quality of life (F = 11.39, p = 0.010). These differences show a worse score for the SG. In the VA test by the TAC, the data collected in groups of children over three years, comparing SG and CG, differences were observed in: VA RE (F = 19.25, p <0.001); VA LE (F = 25.99, p <0.001); VA BE (F = 15.45, p <0.001). These differences show worse score for the SG. In the CV by Kids CCT, the data collected in groups of children over three years, comparing SG and CG, no statistically significant differences for protan, tritan and deutan groups were observed. For the SG, children under three years, a negative correlation between the visual functions and the CVFQ was present for the following variables: General Vision Health and Competence, while for children over three years, correlations were found for General Vision Health, Competence, Family Impact and General Quality of Life. We conclude that there are statistically significant differences when comparing the SG with the CG for the visual function of VA and CV, and we also demonstrated the sensitivity in the use of CVFQ in reflect VA and CV impairments

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Guzman, Janisse. "Adolescent mothers in an intervention study a qualitative analysis of variables relating to their teaching interactions with their infants." Honors in the Major Thesis, University of Central Florida, 2012. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETH/id/562.

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The intent of this thesis was to study, in depth, the experiences of four adolescent mothers who underwent a home intervention program. I studied two mothers who did well with teaching their 12-month old children during play, and two mothers who did not do as well. All four mothers received weekly intervention from the time of their child's birth through 12-months of age. I studied the following variables: 1) how much time the home visitors spent on selected child development and parenting topics; 2) the mother's perceived social support; 3) how many community resources the mother used; and 4) if the infant was healthy and within normal developmental range. All of the mothers struggled in their lives, yet varied in the quality and time of most of the variables. It was striking how different each one was from the other. The implications of the study are important for child development specialists who can use the qualitative data within this document to better understand first time adolescent mothers in order to improve the outcomes of the home visitation services that they provide to mothers and infants. After spending time studying these four adolescent mothers, I would recommend that adolescent women not get pregnant. Adolescence is a time that is meant for experiences and self-discovery and should be spent free from a dependent child who critically needs them. Future research and funding should be spent on preventing adolescent pregnancy and ensuring that flexible curriculum be utilized by the home visitors in order to meet the varying needs of adolescent mothers.
B.S.
Bachelors
Education and Human Performance
Early Childhood Development

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Rodríguez, Contreras Loreto. "Visión del desarrollo infantil de adultos significativos de niños y niñas que asistieron a la modalidad educativa de control grupal de salud en el centro de salud familiar." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2011. http://www.repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/105875.

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Maichin, Vanessa. "Visita escolar: um recurso do psicodiagnóstico interventivo na abordagem fenomenológico-existencial." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2006. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/15435.

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Pontificia Universidade de São Paulo
The goal of this dissertation is to reflect about the school visit, a procedure that is part of the interventional psychodiagnosis of children within the existential phenomenological approach. The challenge of this work is to start with a familiar phenomenon, already known by the author, the school visit, and then, return to it, but now by analyzing the details of this resource that make possible a wider comprehension of the child and of the parents in the psychodiagnosis process. Theoretical bases about the school universe intercalated with some short cases attended by the author, as well as a clinical case, make it possible to emphasize the importance of the school visit in the psychodiagnosis process. School has a meaningful value in the child s life, because it is within this new social group, composed of different human relationships, that the child composes a new meaningful network. An understanding of the child s relationships with the teacher, classmates and other school professionals enlarges the psychological understanding of the child. The relationship between the parents and the school, and the expectations that they reveal about the institution, expands the psychologist s understanding of the family dynamic. The learning approaches, the physical areas and interlocution spaces are also considered in this work, because they reveal important aspects of the child and the parents
O objetivo desta dissertação é refletir sobre a visita escolar, procedimento que faz parte do psicodiagnóstico infantil interventivo de base fenomenológico-existencial. O desafio desse trabalho é partir de um fenômeno familiar e já conhecido pela autora, a visita escolar, e retornar ao mesmo ponto agora apreendendo as especificidades deste recurso que permite ampliar a compreensão da criança e dos pais no processo de psicodiagnóstico. Fundamentos teóricos sobre o universo escolar intercalados com vinhetas de casos atendidos pela autora, assim como um caso clínico, deram condições de enfatizar a importância da visita escolar no processo de psicodiagnóstico. A escola tem uma importância significativa na vida da criança, pois é nesse novo grupo social, composto por diversas relações humanas que ela constitui uma nova rede de significados. A compreensão das relações de uma criança com os professores, colegas e outros profissionais da escola ampliam o olhar do psicólogo sobre ela. A relação dos pais com a escola e a expectativa que estes revelam sobre a instituição ampliam também o entendimento que o psicólogo tem da dinâmica familiar. As abordagens de ensino, o espaço físico e o de interlocução também são consideradas neste trabalho, pois revelam aspectos importantes da criança e de seus pais

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Sita, Daniele Evangelista. "Imaginação e os processos criativos na perspectiva sócio histórica : análise do trabalho pedagógico com crianças com visão subnormal /." Assis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/151322.

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Orientador: João Batista Martins
Banca: Claudia Aparecida Valderramas Gomes
Banca: Marta Regina Furlan de Oliveira
Resumo: Essa pesquisa teve como objetivo investigar se a prática pedagógica de professores especialistas, que trabalhavam com crianças deficientes visuais, se organizava de modo que contribuísse com o desenvolvimento dos processos imaginativos e criativos de tais crianças. Os processos criativos emergem em atividades lúdicas, nos desenhos e na produção de narrativas na infância. De acordo com a teoria sócio histórica de Vigotski, assim como qualquer outra função psicológica superior, a imaginação e a criação têm sua origem no social e se modificam ao longo do desenvolvimento humano. Elas não surgem de repente, mas lenta e gradualmente, desenvolvendo-se do mais simples para formas mais complexas. Constroem-se a partir dos materiais captados do mundo real e estão diretamente relacionadas com a riqueza e a variedade das experiências acumuladas pelo homem. A presente pesquisa, fundamentada pela teoria sócio histórica, observou e analisou o trabalho de quatro professoras do Instituto Roberto Miranda, localizado na cidade de Londrina, que atende pessoas com deficiência visual. Foram realizadas entrevistas e observações em sala ao longo de cinco meses. Com os dados coletados, pôde-se perceber que não houve nenhum trabalho intencionalmente pensado com o objetivo de desenvolver nas crianças a imaginação e a criação, mas que, por outro lado, as professoras tinham como característica desenvolver suas propostas pedagógicas por meio de atividades lúdicas, então, consequentemente, tais processos e... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: The aim of this research was to investigate whether the pedagogical practice of specialist teachers working with visually impaired children was organized in such a way as to contribute to the development of the imaginative and creative processes of such children. Creative processes emerge in playful activities, in the drawings and in the production of narratives in childhood. According to Vygotsky's socio-historical theory, like any other higher psychological function, imagination and creation have their origin in the social and change throughout human development. They do not arise suddenly, but slowly and gradually, developing from the simplest to more complex forms. They are constructed from materials captured in the real world and are directly related to the richness and variety of experiences accumulated by man. The present research, based on socio - historical theory, observed and analyzed the work of four teachers of the Roberto Miranda Institute, located in the city of Londrina, which serves people with visual impairment. Interviews and observations were carried out in the room during five months. With the data collected, it was possible to perceive that there was no intentionally thoughtful work with the objective of developing in children the imagination and the creation, but that, on the other hand, the teachers had as characteristic to develop their pedagogical proposals through playful activities, Then, consequently, such processes were being stimulated. In addition, it should be emphasized that didactic pedagogical work also contributes to the development of imagination and creation, because as we said, they depend on the appropriations that children make of the world, so the more they know about it, the greater their ability to imagine And create. We can conclude that the activities... (Complete abstract electronic access below)
Mestre

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SANTOS, Ágda Cristina de Sousa. "Desempenho de crianças e adolescentes com baixa visão na Escala de Equilíbrio Pediátrica." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2016. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/17717.

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CAPEs
Deficiência visual pode implicar em comprometimento de atividades básicas relativas ao movimento, como o equilíbrio. É importante mensurar esse comprometimento de acordo com a idade, para averiguar e posteriormente acompanhar o desenvolvimento motor das crianças e adolescentes. O objetivo desse estudo foi investigar o desempenho de crianças e adolescentes com baixa visão na Escala de Equilíbrio Pediátrica (EEP), bem como, avaliar a relação do escore alcançado na EEP com a percepção dos pais quanto à qualidade de vida dos seus filhos e à assistência especializada por eles recebida. A EEP foi administrada em 41 sujeitos, entre cinco e 14 anos de idade, com baixa visão e sem comprometimento motor ou cognitivo associado, em população do agreste de Pernambuco e Recife. A EEP foi desenvolvida como medida de funcionalidade de equilíbrio, adaptada da Escala de Equilíbrio de Berg e proposta para crianças na faixa etária de cinco a 15 anos. É uma escala de alta confiabilidade para teste-reteste e relativamente simples e de fácil administração. O teste utilizado para avaliação da percepção dos pais quanto à qualidade de vida das crianças/adolescentes foi o PedsQLTM Generic Core Scale 4.0 e os dados sobre a deficiência visual foram obtidos através do cadastro dos indivíduos no centro de referência onde se realizou a coleta. Utilizou-se a estatística descritiva para o cálculo de tendência central (medianas), dispersão (quartis) e frequência simples. O coeficiente de correlação de Spearman foi utilizado para verificar a correlação entre a idade e a pontuação obtida na escala e também para a relação deste com os escores da escala de qualidade de vida. O teste de Mann-Whitney foi utilizado para calcular a associação entre o escore alcançado na EEP e o tipo de assistência especilizada recebida. Houve uma correlação de 0,52, com Intervalo de Confiança (95%) de 0,24-0,74, entre a pontuação obtida na EEP e a idade. A variação de pontuação foi maior em crianças entre cinco a sete anos de idade e mínima em grupos etários mais velhos. A pontuação máxima foi obtida em seis itens da escala por todas as crianças e adolescentes. Não houve correlação significante entre o questionário de qualidade de vida aplicado aos pais e responsáveis com o desempenho das crianças e adolescentes na EEP, bem como a associação entre este e a assistência especializada recebida. A EEP mostrou-se como um instrumento de triagem de fácil aplicação em crianças e adolescentes com baixa visão, sendo mais adequada para crianças de cinco a sete anos de idade, porém sem discriminar déficit de equilíbrio, com efeito teto para crianças e adolescentes mais velhos.
Visual impairment can have implications that hinder basic activities related to body movement such as balance. It is important to measure such hindrance, according to age, for baseline assessment and for later tracking of the motor development of those children and adolescents. The objective of this study was to investigate the performance of children and adolescents with low vision on the Pediatric Balance Scale (PBS) as well as evaluate the relationship of a PBS score to the parents’ perception of their children’s quality of life and the specialized assistance which they receive. The PBS was administered to 41 subjects between the ages of five and 14 with low vision but no associated motor, nor cognitive impairment, in the interior of Pernambuco and in Recife. The PBS was developed to measure functional balance, adapted from Berg Balance Scale, and intended for children from five to fifteen years old. It is a scale of high reliability for testing and retesting and is relatively simple and easy to apply. The test used to evaluate the parents’ perception of their children’s/adolescents’ quality of life was the PedsQLTM Generic Core Scale 4.0 and the data related to visual deficiency were collected from the participants’ registration records in a top performance health center. Descriptive statistics was used to calculate central tendencies (median), dispersion (quartiles), and simple frequency. Spearman’s correlation coefficient was used to verify the correlation between age and the score obtained on the scale and subsequently, to verify the relationship of the PBS score to the scores from the quality of life scale. Mann-Whitney’s test was used to calculate the association between the score reached on the PBS and the type of specialized assistance received. There was a 0.52 correlation, with a confidence interval (95%) of 0.24 - 0.74, between the scores achieved on the PBS and the subject’s age. The score variation was greater in children between the ages of five and seven and minimal in older age groups. All children and adolescents reached the maximum score in six items of the scale. There was no significant correlation between the quality of life questionnaire, administered to the parents and legal guardians, to the performance of the children and adolescents on the PBS, nor there was association of the same and the specialized assistance received. The PBS proved to be a triage instrument that is easy to use on children and adolescents with low vision, being more appropriate for children of ages five to seven and, without discrimination of balance deficit, having a ceiling effect for older children and adolescents.

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Nuñoz, Grandez Luisa Natalie. "La visita al hogar como estrategia de intervención del servicio de acompañamiento a familias, del Programa Nacional Cuna Mas, en el distrito de Tambillo - provincia de Huamanga - departamento de Ayacucho. 2015 - 2016." Master's thesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12404/14091.

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La presente es una investigación cualitativa, sobre el Servicio de Acompañamiento a Familias, (SAF); que ofrece el Programa Nacional CUNA MÁS, para niños y niñas hasta los 3 años. El SAF tiene dos estrategias de trabajo las visitas al hogar; y las sesiones grupales con familias usuarias. Esta investigación se centra en la estrategia de VISITA A LOS HOGARES que nos permite acercar al espacio cotidiano de implementación de la política, sus procedimientos, competencias, y su contribución al desarrollo infantil. Se ha estudiado, la identificación, análisis y valoración de las percepciones de las familias usuarias, y de las facilitadoras que implementan el SAF. Los principales hallazgos señalan las deficiencias del servicio en su fase operativa; insuficiente criterio para la conformación del CG, lo que genera ausentismo, falta de monitoreo y vigilancia de las acciones; así como, un débil mensaje de prácticas de cuidados e higiene, las que no llegan a instalarse como hábitos. Algunos elementos que dificultan los objetivos; es el deterioro de los instrumentos de trabajo (juguetes, cuentos etc). Otra dificultad es que la familia no pone en práctica las acciones promovidas. Las familias, no participan activamente en la validación o mejoramiento de la estrategia, incluso, manifiestan sentirse usadas por el Programa para el cumplimiento de sus metas. Estas deficiencias, se atribuyen a la inadecuada Gerencia social del Proyecto SAF. La propuesta planteada, apunta a la implementación de un trabajo estratégico entre la organización comunal de la Junta de Regantes (JUDRA) y el PNCM, a fin de potencializar un modelo de co-gestión que involucre la eficiencia del SAF y la participación responsable y permanente de la comunidad, para impulsar mayor conciencia de las familias y autoridades; sobre la primera infancia.
This is a qualitative research, on the Family Accompaniment Service, (SAF); offered by the National Program CUNA MÁS, for children up to 3 years old. The SAF has two homework strategies; and group sessions with family users. This research focuses on the VISIT TO HOMES strategy that allows us to approach the daily space of policy implementation, its procedures, competences, and its contribution to child development. The identification, analysis and evaluation of the perceptions of the user families and of the facilitators that implement the SAF has been studied. The main findings point out the deficiencies of the service in its operational phase; insufficient criteria for the conformation of the CG, which generates absenteeism, lack of monitoring and surveillance of the actions; as well as a weak message of care and hygiene practices, which are not installed as habits. Some elements that hinder the objectives; It is the deterioration of the instruments of work (toys, stories etc). Another difficulty is that the family does not put into practice the promoted actions. The families do not participate actively in the validation or improvement of the strategy, they even say they feel used by the Program for the fulfillment of their goals. These deficiencies are attributed to the inadequate social management of the SAF Project. The proposal put forward, aimed at implementing a strategic work of the permanent community organization of the Board of Irrigators (JUDRA) and the NMCP, to potentiate a model of co-management involving efficiency SAF and responsible participation and of the community, to promote greater awareness of families and authorities; about early childhood.
Tesis

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Branca, Vera Mónica Carvalho Cabeça. "Visita domiciliária de enfermagem ao recém-nascido e família: um contributo para o bem-estar e maximização da saúde." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/23290.

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A visita domiciliária ao Recém-nascido e família, consiste numa estratégia de intervenção precoce num momento de transição especialmente crítico nas famílias, que é o nascimento de um filho. Permite não só realizar a avaliação da condição de saúde do Recém-nascido, mas também o ambiente familiar, fundamentais para o desenvolvimento e crescimento da criança. Desenvolvemos um Projeto de Estágio, com recurso à metodologia de projeto, que visa contribuir para a implementação da Visita Domiciliária ao Recém-Nascido e família, numa Unidade de Cuidados de Saúde Personalizados. Este projeto permitiu, adquirir e aprofundar conhecimentos sobre a temática, promover a adesão dos enfermeiros e das grávidas na implementação da Visita Domiciliária e elaborar uma Check List, para guião da mesma. No presente relatório consta ainda a análise descritiva e reflexiva do percurso formativo realizado, que conduziu ao desenvolvimento das competências de Mestre e de Enfermeiro Especialista em Enfermagem de Saúde Infantil e Pediátrica; ABSTRACT: Home Visit nursing to the Newborn and its Family: A Contribution to the Well-being and Health Maximization. The home visit to the newborn and family consists of an early intervention strategy, at a particularly critical transition in families when a child is born. It allows, not only the evaluation of the newborn the health condition, but also about the family environment, that is fundamental for the development and growth of the child. We developed an Internship Project, using the project methodology, which aims to contribute to the implementation, of the Home Visit to the Newborn and its family, in one Personalized Health Care Unit. This project allowed acquiring and deepening knowledge on the subject, promoting the adhesion of nurses and pregnant women in the implementation of the home visit and, to elaborate a Check List, to guide it. This report includes as well, the descriptive and reflective analysis of the training course carried out, which led to skills development as Master and Child Health and Pediatric Specialist Nurse.

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Servitja, Tormo Lada. "Els visitants infantils dels museus gironins en el marc d'una visita familiar i no organitzada." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Girona, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/101526.

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The present research try to analyze the objectively patterns of visitor behavior focused on 5 and 12 years old kids, which visited the museums of the city of Girona in a non organized tour. We combined different methodologies for the data collection: survey, non participant direct observation and symbolic language from offered and self-administered written response. As a result, we know how children interact with museum materials, how they make relations with the different group members, how they use supplementary materials to do the visit, what itinerary they do, how they visit the rooms, what kind of texts they read, in which Units of Attention they provide more interest, what colors attract the most, what effects in their behavior can have the lighting, the noise and the temperature, what are their preferences, and in general, which are the profiles of families who visit the museums of Girona.
El present treball de recerca consisteix en estudiar i analitzar les pautes de comportament objectivables del visitant lliure entre 5 i 12 anys d’edat, que visita de forma no organitzada els museus de la ciutat de Girona. Així, mitjançant la combinació de diferents metodologies per a l’obtenció de dades (enquesta, observació directe no participant i llenguatge simbòlic a partir de resposta escrita autoadministrada i oferta), hem sabut de quina forma aquests interaccionen amb els materials, com es relacionen amb els diferents membres del grup, com utilitzen els materials complementaris a la visita, quin recorregut fan i com fan la visita a les sales, quins textos llegeixen, a quines Unitats d’Atenció presten més interès, quins colors els atrauen més, quins efectes en el seu comportament pot tenir la il•luminació, el soroll, la temperatura ambiental, quines son les seves preferències, i a trets generals, quins son els perfils de famílies que visiten els museus gironins.

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Suasnabar, López Nerida. "Nivel de aceptación de la visita permanente al niño hospitalizado y factores que intervienen según el personal de enfermería del Hospital II de Vitarte - EsSalud, 2005." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2006. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/16053.

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El documento digital no refiere asesor
La hospitalización de un niño por cualquier motivo constituye una situación traumática para el niño y su familia; por ello, requieren más cariño y cuidados de los padres o familiares cercanos, debido a que experimentan ciertos estados anímicos como angustia, ansiedad y miedo al haber sido colocados en un ambiente extraño al ambiente familiar. El estudio es de tipo cuantitativo, aplicativo con método transversal, descriptivo exploratorio con el fin de conocer e identificar el nivel de aceptación de la visita permanente al niño hospitalizado y los factores positivos y negativos, asimismo determinar si existe diferencias significativas entre el nivel de aceptación del profesional y el técnico en enfermería. La población de estudio fue todo el personal de enfermería del Servicio de Pediatría del Hospital II de Vitarte EsSalud conformado por 5 enfermeras (50 %) y 5 técnicos en enfermería (50 %), de los cuales 5 (50 %) tienen un tiempo de servicio en pediatría entre 1 a 5 años, 4 (40 %) entre 6 a 10 años y 1 (10 %) más de 11 años. En cuanto al nivel de aceptación de la visita permanente al niño hospitalizado según en personal de enfermería, se observa que el nivel de aceptación es de regular a muy alto en 9 (90 %) y 1 (10 %) el nivel de aceptación es de malo. Se llegó a la conclusión que el personal de enfermería tiene un nivel de aceptación alto a la visita permanente. A su vez, no se encontró diferencias significativas entre el nivel de aceptación del personal profesional y técnico en enfermería a la visita permanente del niño hospitalizado.

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Pogetti, Lívia Silveira. "Efeito da visibilidade dos braços sobre a preferência manual e controle motor na ação de alcançar em bebês." Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/5292.

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Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of visual occlusion of the preferred arm on its frequency of use and kinematics in spontaneous reaching of static objects in 5-month-old infants. Participated in this study 30 infants, with half of them submitted to visual occlusion of the preferred arm and the other half having full vision while reaching a toy. A possible cumulative effect of visual occlusion was assessed through increasing periods in which the preferred arm was not visible by the infant. Analysis of manual preference indicated that occlusion of the preferred arm led to increased use of the contralateral arm for reaching, an effect more evident in infants showing weak manual preference. No effect of cumulative occlusion was detected, with similar indices of manual preference across the periods of occlusion. Results from kinematic analysis revealed straighter movements to the target when visually oriented. These results suggest that visual information can modulate manual preference and guide reaching control.
O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito da oclusão visual do braço preferido sobre a preferência manual e sobre variáveis cinemáticas em movimentos espontâneos de alcançar objetos estáticos em bebês de cinco meses de idade. Participaram desse estudo 30 bebês, com metade deles sendo submetidos à oclusão visual do braço preferido e a outra metade tendo visão plena na ação de agarrar um brinquedo. O possível efeito cumulativo de oclusão visual foi avaliado por meio de períodos seguidos em que os bebês não tinham visibilidade do braço preferido. A análise da preferência manual indicou que a oclusão visual do braço preferido induziu maior frequência de alcances com o braço contralateral, efeito que foi mais evidente em bebês com fraca preferência manual. Não foi observado efeito cumulativo de oclusão, com índices de preferência manual semelhantes entre os períodos de oclusão. Os resultados da análise cinemática revelaram movimentos mais retilíneos em direção ao alvo de alcance quando visualmente orientados. Estes resultados sugerem que a informação visual pode modular a preferência manual e orientar o movimento de alcance.

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Coelho, Thaís Pola Baptista. "O raciocínio da enfermagem na era digital: uma versão renovada do protocolo de intervenção do Programa Jovens Mães Cuidadoras." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/7/7144/tde-05112018-123324/.

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Introdução: Os primeiros 1000 dias de vida representam uma janela de oportunidade para que a criança possa atingir o seu potencial máximo de crescimento e desenvolvimento na vida adulta. Diversas iniciativas no mundo reúnem estratégias para proteger a primeira infância. Às experiências acumuladas em países como os Estados Unidos e Inglaterra mobilizaram um grupo de pesquisadores da Universidade de São Paulo a construir o Programa Jovens Mães Cuidadoras. Este programa foi adaptado e validado para a realidade brasileira e vem sendo aprimorado em fase piloto. Um dos desafios do Programa Jovens Mães Cuidadoras relaciona-se à complexidade das visitas domiciliares realizadas e o instrumento de trabalho das enfermeiras visitadoras. Desafios que se não forem superados comprometem a escalabilidade e a gestão de resultados do programa. Objetivo: Reestruturar a forma do principal instrumento de trabalho das enfermeiras visitadoras para a fase de gestação. Método: Este é um estudo exploratório de desenvolvimento tecnológico por prototipação através da abordagem Design Thinking (DT). Resultado e Discussão: A partir de uma mentalidade digital foi prototipado um novo protocolo de visitas que recebeu recursos de atratividade, ganhou uma identidade visual, adotou um padrão de organização e de quantificação dos resultados. Isso tudo para contribuir com a gestão, a comunicação e a escalabilidade do Programa Jovens Mães Cuidadoras. Considerações finais: O desafio da enfermagem na era digital consiste na inovação da maneira de pensar e planejar os processos de cuidado. Empregar uma lógica digital ao principal instrumento de trabalho das enfermeiras visitadoras se configurou num ato de cuidar da comunicação e investir na gestão do cuidado destinado as gestantes e à primeira infância. Espera-se que as contribuições deste estudo reflitam na qualidade da atenção à primeira infância através da possibilidade de escalabilidade do mesmo para o Brasil. Produto final: Protocolo Renovado de Intervenção da Fase Gestação
Introduction: The first 1000 days of life represent a window of opportunity for the child to reach his full potential for growth and development in adult life. Several initiatives around the world bring together strategies to protect early childhood. The experiences accumulated in countries such as the United States and England mobilized a group of researchers from the University of São Paulo to build the \"Young Mothers Caregivers Program\". This program has been adapted and validated for the Brazilian reality and has been improved in the pilot phase. One of the challenges of the \"Young Mothers Caregivers Program\" relates to the complexity of home visits and the working instrument of visiting nurses. Challenges that are not overcome compromise the scalability and results management of the program. Objective: To restructure the form of the main working instrument of the visiting nurses to the gestational phase. Method: This is an exploratory study of technological development by prototyping through the Design Thinking (DT) approach. Outcome and Discussion: From a digital frame, a new protocol of visits was introduced that received resources of attractiveness, gained a visual identity, adopted a pattern of organization and quantification of the results. All this to contribute to the management, communication and scalability of the \"Young Mothers Caregivers Program. Conclusions: The challenge of nursing in the digital age is to innovate the way of thinking and to plan care processes. Employing a digital logic to the main instrument of work of visiting nurses was configured in an act of taking care of communication and investing in the management of care for pregnant and early childhood. The contributions of this study are expected to reflect on the quality of early childhood care through the possibility of scaling the same to Brazil. Final product: Prototype version of the Intervention Protocol for the Gestational Phase

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Strauss, Susan. "Early hearing intervention and support services provided to the paediatric population by South African audiologists." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/27877.

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With the introduction of universal newborn hearing screening (UNHS) the need for quality early hearing intervention (EHI) services became critical. Screening is but the avenue to EHI services. Without appropriate intervention infants with hearing loss are at risk for language delay which might subsequently adversely influence academic success and vocational choices later on in life. The numerous socio-economic, cultural and healthcare barriers associated with developing countries such as South Africa, do not negate or diminish the need for optimal outcomes for infants with hearing loss through quality EHI services. The principle of quality EHI services, aligned with international standards, is endorsed by the HPCSA (2003: 2). In order to assure quality in EHI, service evaluation is critical. The necessary first step when evaluating service provision is to measure current service delivery. The main aim of this study was to determine whether South African audiologists provide EHI and support services aligned with international professional best practice to infants following the diagnosis of hearing loss. The first part of this study reviews the evidence available in EHI. The guidelines derived from the international evidence were stated as benchmarks against which South African EHI services were measured. These benchmarks were categorised using the so-called six M variation categories. These categories are: Man, machine (equipment), method (systemaric procedures), measurements, material (amplification devices) and Mother Nature. During the empirical research a descriptive design was followed comprising of questionnaire surveys to audiologists in different working sectors rendering EHI services to infants with hearing loss. The questionnaire survey explored the nature and scope of the EHI services offered to infants with hearing loss with regard to all the components (categorised in the six M categories) of the EHI programme of 40 South African audiologists. The results of this study indicate that respondents often do not use evidence-based measurements or methods during EHI services. Results suggest that undergraduate training in areas regarding the selection and fitting of amplification to infants with hearing loss is often inadequate (>20 respondents indicated that they are not trained). Evidence-based measurements are not typically performed when fitting amplification to infants (29 respondents do not perform probe-microphone or elctroacoustic measurements). Many respondents indicated that they do not have the necessary equipment to do these measurements. EHI services often (50% of respondents) do not provide A/R directly, but refer to other team members. From the results there seems to be significant delays in the rendering of EHI services to infants with hearing loss. Financial constraints of the family of the infants, accessibility problems, as well as a lack of infant support from their families often influence the EHI programmes of respondents. The implications of this study were discussed. Recommendations include the development of South African guidelines, aligned with international guidelines but taking into account the challenges posed by the unique South African context. Other recommendations include: Centres of excellence, relevant continuing education programmes and the evaluation of undergraduate training programmes.
Dissertation (M (Communication Pathology))--University of Pretoria, 2006.
Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology
M (Communication Pathology)
unrestricted

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Gebrael, Tatiana Luísa Reis. "Programa de capacitação de docentes para promover independência de crianças com baixa visão nas atividades de vida diária : PRÓ-AVD." Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/3040.

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Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais
It is estimated that in Brazil one of 500 children have low vision. In this population, among all difficult possible, have the dependency in daily life activities (ADL), that influence at social integration, learning and school inclusion. Detached for the regular teacher s work inside the class with ADL´s children especially in preschool. The propose of this work was to develop, implement and evaluate one individual program of collaborative assessoring in Occupational Therapist for teacher training, to increase their repertoire of strategies and resources to promote the independence of preschool children with low vision in activities of daily hygiene and nutrition, called PRÓ-AVD . Study participants were 10 teachers and 10 students with low vision aged between 4 and 6 years of regular education children. The experimental design of the study consisting of 5 teachers and 5 students belonging to the Experimental Group who received the intervention in a first moment, and 5 teachers and 5 students to the control group that received no intervention. The elaborate of the training program involved the study of children's abilities in the tasks of self, and his visual capacity, the original repertoire of the teacher, and the dynamics of dyad Teacher - Student in carrying out AVDs. The implementation happened through collaborative assessoring, on 6 weekly meetings, consecutive, consisting of interactive dynamic between the researcher and teacher. Measures were taken pre-test and post-test and a field diary, analysis of film and questionnaires to assess qualitatively and quantitatively the effect of the intervention program in increasing the repertoire of teachers to promote the independence of their students in AVDs. The program showed efficient when applied, the results were increasing her preparation and teacher repertory to work with hygienic and alimentation activities of the student with low vision. It is believed that the use of methods and teaching approaches, practice activities, feedback and support of researcher presence than weekly meetings were crucial to the membership and participation of teachers, as well as to obtain the results.
Estima-se que no Brasil uma entre 500 crianças possua baixa visão. Dentre as possíveis dificuldades apresentadas por esta população, encontra-se a dependência nas Atividades de Vida Diária (AVD), o que influencia em sua interação social, aprendizagem e inclusão escolar. Nesta perspectiva, o trabalho do professor regular dentro de sala de aula com estas AVDs nos alunos com baixa visão é de grande importância especialmente na pré-escola. O objetivo deste estudo foi elaborar, implementar e avaliar um programa individualizado de consultoria colaborativa em Terapia Ocupacional, com o intuito de capacitação de professores, no sentido de aumentar seu repertório de estratégias e recursos para promover a independência de crianças pré-escolares com baixa visão nas atividades de vida diária de higiene e alimentação, denominado PRÓ-AVD. Participaram do estudo 10 professores e 10 alunos com baixa visão com idades entre 4 e 6 anos, do ensino infantil regular. O delineamento do estudo foi experimental constando de 5 Professores e 5 Alunos pertencentes ao Grupo Experimental, que receberam a intervenção em um primeiro momento, e 5 Professores e 5 Alunos ao Grupo Controle, que não receberam a intervenção. A elaboração do programa de capacitação envolveu o estudo das habilidades da criança nas tarefas de autocuidado, e de sua capacidade visual, do repertório inicial do Professor, e da dinâmica da díade Professor Aluno durante a realização das AVDs. A implementação ocorreu por meio de consultoria colaborativa em 6 encontros semanais, consecutivos, constituídos de dinâmicas interativas entre a Pesquisadora e a Professora. Foram realizadas medidas pré-teste e pósteste, utilizou-se diário de campo, análise de filmagens e questionários a fim de avaliar quantitativa e qualitativamente o efeito do programa de intervenção no aumento do repertório dos professores para promover a independência de seus alunos nas AVDs. O programa se mostrou eficaz em sua aplicação e os resultados observados apontaram para o aumento do preparo e do repertório dos professores do Grupo Experimental para trabalhar com as atividades de higiene e alimentação de seus alunos com baixa visão. Acredita-se que a utilização de métodos e abordagens didáticas, atividades práticas, feedback e suporte presencial da pesquisadora, além dos encontros semanais, foram decisivos para a adesão e participação das professoras, assim como para a obtenção dos resultados positivos.

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Reinheimer, Paula Cristina. "Baixa visão na infância: olhares cotidianos e escolares a partir dos relatos de professores, mães e crianças." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2014. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/16163.

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For children with low vision to be able to interact with independence daily and at school time it is important to use their residual vision with property. The quality of this interaction will depend on the child's ability to interrelate continuously. The objectives of this research were to identify challenges and opportunities from the representations of mothers, teachers and children before the diagnosis of children with low vision. The method of the study was exploratory research from interviews with semi-structured script. Were interviewed six mothers of children with low vision between the ages of seven to twelve years old, six teachers that work with children with low vision and six children with low vision. The main topics of the interviews were the daily experiences of children and school life, especially reading books of children's literature. The results reveal that mothers showed the effort and dedication that children have to learn, certain fears for the issue of visually impaired children, interpreting their learning towards reality. Teachers talked about the opportunities that children have to be independent in their daily life and school experiences. The children described their routines and how they deal with their visual impairment, the low vision. It is concluded that mothers and teachers work continuously to the independence of children in daily life and everyday school experiences, especially in reading books. Children dedicate themselves to the learning process, enforcing to live well in society and at school, from low vision
Para que crianças com baixa visão consigam interagir com independência na vida cotidiana e escolar é importante usar seu resíduo visual com propriedade. A qualidade dessa interação vai depender da capacidade da criança de se interrelacionar continuamente. Os objetivos desta pesquisa foram identificar desafios e possibilidades a partir dos relatos das mães, professores e crianças perante o diagnóstico de baixa visão das crianças. O método do estudo foi a investigação de caráter exploratório a partir de entrevistas com roteiro semiestruturado. Foram entrevistadas 6 mães de crianças com baixa visão, 6 professores que trabalham com baixa visão, e seis crianças com baixa visão com idades entre 6 a 11 anos. Os tópicos principais das entrevistas foram as vivências cotidianas da criança e a vida escolar, em especial a leitura de livros de literatura infantil. Os resultados mostraram que as mães falaram sobre o esforço e dedicação dos filhos para aprender e de seus medos relacionados à deficiência visual de seus filhos. Os professores mencionaram as possibilidades que as crianças têm para serem independentes na vida cotidiana e escolar. As crianças descreveram suas rotinas e como lidam com a deficiência visual, a baixa visão. Conclui-se que as mães e professores trabalham continuamente para favorecer a independência das crianças na vida cotidiana e escolar, em especial na leitura de livros. As crianças se dedicam ao aprendizado, esforçando-se para se adaptarem à maneira de viver bem na sociedade e escola a partir da baixa visão

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Yang, Wen-Ting, and 楊雯婷. "A Vision-Based Infant Respiratory Monitoring System." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/29212973913120011543.

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碩士
國立臺灣師範大學
資訊工程學系
103
Because the infant death in the sleeping suddenly is often heard in recent years, and the smaller the infants the more sleep time the infants usually take in one day, it is particularly important about prevention. The best way to minimize the possibility of the infant death is that parents or caregivers stare at the baby all the time. However this opinion is impossible in the real life. Therefore, the study presents“A Vision-Based Infant Respiratory Monitoring System”, an improved respiratory monitoring system based on the research of“An Infant Monitoring System Based on a Respiratory Frequency Detection Approach” to achieve the higher accuracy and the broader applicability. The camera is set up on the top of the crib, and the system calculates the infant respiratory frequency with a non-contact monitoring way. If the frequency is too fast, too slow or breath-stopping, the system will raise alarm alerts to the caregivers. The proposed system operates in three major improvements, including adaptive parameter adjustment, difference enlargement, and POI(Point of interest) filtering. Difference sequences need to be fitted the difference parameters. If all sequences are given the same parameters, then the accuracy will not be improved. Therefore, this study proposes an adaptive parameter adjustment to reduce the error rate due to the original system of verification problems caused. When the average brightness of the screen is low, the subtraction result of two consecutive images will be unclear, and that will result in the detection of the POI(Point of interest) can not really highlight the diversification of the image intensity values. So this study proposes the method to enlarge the differences beween two consecutive images subtraction. Because sometimes there are some bad POIs passing the verification and they interfere the respiratory frequency calculation, this study proposes the method to check and filter the bad POIs by fast Fourier transform and the sensitive function. This study constructs two database for the experiment. There are 66 sequences with 4 hours and 13 minutes and 43 seconds in the infant sleeping sequence database. Before the system is added the adaptive parameter adjusting, the respiratory frequence measurement accuracy is 0.73. After the system increases the adaptive parameter adjusting, the respiratory frequence measurement accuracy is 0.88. Then the system is added the difference enlargement, the accuracy of 14 low brightness sequences is improved from 0.64 to 0.79. After all three improvements are added, the accuracy of 52 normal brightness sequences is improved from 0.75 to 0.9, the accuracy of 14 low brightness sequences is improved from 0.64 to 0.71, and the accuracy of total sequences was improved from 0.73 to 0.88. There are 100 sequences with 2 hours and 37 minutes and 43 seconds in the special case infant sleeping sequence database. These sequences are totally shooting in the off-turning light (However the brightness value may still be normal due to the sun light shines into). The accuracy of total 100 sequences is improved from 0.44 to 0.77. The accuracy of 11 normal brightness with wind blowing sequences is improved from 0.82 to 0.1. The accuracy of 10 normal brightness sequences (no wind blowing) is improved from 0.8 to 0.1. The accuracy of 20 low brightness with wind blowing sequences is improved from 0.45 to 0.8. The accuracy of 59 low brightness sequences is improved from 0.31 to 0.68. The abnormal of respiration is not only shown with the too fast frequency, too slow frequency or breath-stopping, but also there are other kinds of breathing problems like hyperventilation, Kussmaul's breathing, Cheyne - Stokes respiration, and Biot's breathing. Therefore, this study hopes for the future to further identify the characteristics other than the frequency, the system is with the safety monitoring functions to determine whether the respiratory rate is too fast, too slow or suffocation, through a long record of infant breathing patterns, the system can find the signs of diseases from the baby breath in order to achieve the purpose of early treatment.

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49

Lo, Chiao-Shan, and 羅巧珊. "A Vision-Based Infant Physical Activity Monitoring System." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/07186247617122435134.

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Abstract:

碩士
國立臺灣師範大學
資訊工程學系
102
Over the past 20 years obesity has been considered to be a chronic disease. One useful way to avoid obesity is to manage and control individual physical activity, especially for the infants. Thus to developing reliable physical activity monitoring systems has been the issue of the study in recent year. To monitor physical activity accurately not only can record individual energy expenditure for obesity management, but also can figure out the significant factors affecting the personal health. The significant factors include the balance between energy intake and energy expenditure, the achievement of required physical activity to keep personal healthy, and the measurement of the quality of individual physical activities. Currently, various measurement methods have been developed to measure the individual physical activity. One kind of these methods is to make a report, including self-report, proxy-report, and diary-report. However, the method cannot monitor the infant physical activity accurately since they cannot make a report themselves. Moreover, some sensors and techniques are also developed to help to record or calculate the physical activity, including heart rate monitor, pedometers, accelerometers and doubly labeled water. These sensors and techniques will make the infants very uncomfortable. Therefore, this study proposes a vision-based infant physical activity measurement system to estimate the infant metabolic equivalent, energy expenditure and activity levels. The proposed system not only measures the infant physical activity automatically, but also embeds some general functions of in-home monitoring systems. The input videos of the proposed system is obtained from one PT IP camera which is set on the ceiling. And the proposed system consists of four major stages: tracking object initialization, infant tracking, PT IP camera control, and physical activity measurement. First, a codebook background subtraction algorithm is applied to extract the infant from the input frames and to construct a tracking feature model. Once the infant has been extracted, the system then tracks the infant by using the tracking feature model. Moreover, the system also predicts infant behaviors and controls the PT IP camera movement to avoid the infant crawling or walking out of the monitoring scope. Finally, the infant physical activity is evaluated automatically. In this study, the infant physical activity is divided into four levels, each of which may correspond to some infant behaviors such as lying, sitting, standing, kicking, limbs movement, torso movement, crawling, walking. A series of experiments is designed to show the correctness and robustness of the proposed system. They are (1) the physical activity analysis of an infant doing different kinds of activities during a month; (2) the physical activity comparison between two infants doing the same kinds of activities; (3) the physical activity analysis of an infant doing the same kind of activities in different months; (4) the physical activity analysis of two infants which are interacting with adults; (5) the one-day physical activity analysis of two infants. The proposed system can help the construction of the norm of infant physical activity to help the doctors to diagnose the infant's health in the future.

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50

"Factors involved in determining the development of the uncrossed retinofugal projections in the rat." Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1988. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5885931.

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