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Journal articles on the topic 'Inexperienced'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Wolisz, A. "Inexperienced LAN configuration?" Computer Communications 15, no. 6 (July 1992): 412–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0140-3664(92)90021-6.

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2

de Villiers, Johann U. "Inexperienced Investors and Bubbles." CFA Digest 40, no. 1 (February 2010): 95–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.2469/dig.v40.n1.39.

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3

Reichelt, Sissel, and Jan Skjerve. "Supervision of Inexperienced Therapists." Clinical Supervisor 19, no. 2 (March 19, 2001): 25–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j001v19n02_02.

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4

Greenwood, Robin, and Stefan Nagel. "Inexperienced investors and bubbles." Journal of Financial Economics 93, no. 2 (August 2009): 239–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jfineco.2008.08.004.

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5

Pokrivčák, J. "Agricultural credits and contracts." Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 48, No. 5 (February 29, 2012): 215–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/5305-agricecon.

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The paper considers contracting problems of the transitional period agriculture. The slow and inexperienced legal system makes third party contract enforcement non-viable. Market enforcement of contract is imperfect due to incompleteness of contracts and underdevelopment of informal features (institutions) of the society, such as codes of behaviour, low importance of goodwill, low adherence to ethical norms, inexperience with conflicts solving in market economy. The survey data related to contracting in transitional agriculture are presented.
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6

Russell-Johnson, Helen, and Michele Charles. "Ill-informed and inexperienced views." Nursing Standard 10, no. 5 (October 25, 1995): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/ns.10.5.46.s42.

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7

Hart, Jeffrey R., and Vince P. Apilado. "Inexperienced banks and interstate mergers." Journal of Economics and Business 54, no. 3 (May 2002): 313–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0148-6195(02)00063-2.

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8

Whiting, Colin. "Mentoring inexperienced surgeons in practice." In Practice 27, no. 7 (July 2005): 374–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/inpract.27.7.374.

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9

Tomasello, Danielle. "Network to help inexperienced scientists." Nature 566, no. 7742 (February 2019): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/d41586-019-00489-z.

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10

Hebert, Karen. "Patients don't mind inexperienced students." BMJ 330, Suppl S5 (May 1, 2005): 0505180a. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/sbmj.0505180a.

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11

&NA;. "HELPING THE INEXPERIENCED BECOME TEACHERS." Nursing 15, no. 6 (June 1985): 22–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00152193-198506000-00005.

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12

SAKSENA, SANJEEV. "Travails of an Inexperienced Lobbyist." Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology 19, no. 1 (January 1996): 113–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-8159.1996.tb04799.x.

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13

Lee, Jeongmin, Sanghee Kim, Bong Joo Kang, Sung Hun Kim, and Ga Eun Park. "Evaluation of the effect of computer aided diagnosis system on breast ultrasound for inexperienced radiologists in describing and determining breast lesions." Medical Ultrasonography 21, no. 3 (August 31, 2019): 239. http://dx.doi.org/10.11152/mu-1889.

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Aim: To investigate the effect of a computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) system on breast ultrasound (US) for inexperienced radiologists in describing and determining breast lesions.Materials and methods: Between October 2015 to January 2017, 500 suspicious or probable benign lesions in 413 patients were reviewed. Five experienced readers retrospectively reviewed for each of 100 lesions according to the Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) lexicon and category, with CAD system (S-detectTM). The readers then made final decisions by combining CAD results to their US results. Using the nested experiment design, five inexperienced readers were asked to select the appropriate BI-RADS lexicons, categories, CAD results, and combination results for each of the 100 lesions, retrospectively. Diagnostic performance of experienced and inexperienced radiologists and CAD were assessed. For each case, agreements in the lexicons and categories were analyzed among the experienced reader, inexperienced reader and CAD.Results: Indicators of the diagnostic performance for breast malignancy of the experienced group (AUC=0.83, 95%CI [0.80, 0.86]) were similar or higher than those of CAD (AUC = 0.79, 95%CI[0.74, 0.83], p=0.101), except for specificity. Conversely, indicators of diagnostic performance of inexperienced group (AUC=0.65, 95%CI[0.58, 0.71]) did not differ from or were lower than those of CAD(AUC=0.73, 95%CI[0.67, 0.78], p=0.013). Also, the diagnostic performance of the inexperienced group after combination with the CAD result was significantly improved (0.71, 95% CI [0.65, 0.77], p=0.001), whereas that of the experienced group did not change after combination with the CAD result, except for specificity and positive predictive value (PPV). Kappa values for the agreement of the categorization between CAD and each radiologist group were increased after applying the CAD result to their result of general US. Especially, the increase of the Kappa value was higher in the inexperienced group than in the experienced group. Also, for all the lexicons, the Kappa values between the experienced group and CAD were higher than those between the inexperienced group and CAD.Conclusion: By using the CAD system for classification of breast lesions, diagnostic performance of the inexperienced radiologists for malignancy was significantly improved, and better agreement was observed in lexicons between the experienced group and CAD than between the inexperienced group and CAD. CAD may be beneficial and educational for the inexperienced group.
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14

Tan, Steven K. S. "Differences between Experienced and Inexperienced Physical Education Teachers’ Augmented Feedback and Interactive Teaching Decisions." Journal of Teaching in Physical Education 15, no. 2 (January 1996): 151–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jtpe.15.2.151.

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This study represents a descriptive analysis of feedback patterns and perceptual maps of experienced and inexperienced teachers. Five experienced elementary physical education teachers and 5 inexperienced teachers participated in the study. Data were collected by videotaping and audiotaping three lessons taught by each teacher. Transcripts of audiotapes were made for all verbal feedback administered by the teachers, and each unit of feedback was coded from the written transcripts using a multidimensional observation system. Following the second and third lessons, patterns in cue perception employed by teachers during feedback interaction were accessed using a stimulated recall interview and concept mapping techniques. Results indicated that inexperienced teachers did not differ from experienced teachers in their feedback structure. However, experienced teachers differed from inexperienced teachers on their perceptual patterns. Specifically, perceptual maps of experienced teachers were more complex and were organized hierarchically, whereas inexperienced teachers’ patterns tended to be sparse and hierarchically shallow.
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15

Deshpanday, Ishani. "Sustainable Green Building." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. VII (July 25, 2021): 2301–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.36572.

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Green building refers to a structure and employing a method that's environmentally accountable and resource economical throughout a building’s life cycle. Since buildings consume nearly five hundredth of the world's total energy, inexperienced buildings, on the other hand, consume a minimum quantity of energy with the utilization of energy economical materials. Hence, location of inexperienced buildings within the close proximity would produce an inexperienced zone and supply a far healthier setting with minimum heat island result. In India there are 2 primary rating systems for inexperienced buildings: GRIHA (green rating for integrated surround assessment), LEED (leadership in energy and setting design). Green buildings compared to standard buildings appear specifically similar and conjointly within the building use, however disagree within the operational savings and considerations for human comfort and indoor and atmosphere. inexperienced buildings get pleasure from the advantages of saving 40-50% energy by reducing greenhouse gas emissions into the atmosphere; it conjointly saves concerning 20-30% of water by victimization rain gathering or gray apply techniques. It conjointly reduces VMT (vehicle miles travelled) by selecting the placement near conveyance and conveniences that helps in reduction of petrol consumption. However, on the opposite hand, inexperienced buildings face several barriers just like the high initial investment needed for construction, split incentives.
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16

McCoy, Claire Wehr. "Basic Training: Working with Inexperienced Choirs." Music Educators Journal 75, no. 8 (April 1989): 42–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3400297.

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17

Cray, Amy. "Disappointing criticism of an inexperienced student." Nursing Standard 22, no. 10 (November 14, 2007): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/ns.22.10.33.s46.

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18

Morris, Alfred. "Training Programs for the Inexperienced Marathoner." Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 37, Supplement (May 2005): S459. http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/00005768-200505001-02396.

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&NA;. "Needlesticks More Common in Inexperienced Clinicians." Emergency Medicine News 28, no. 1 (January 2006): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00132981-200601000-00031.

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Morris, Alfred. "Training Programs for the Inexperienced Marathoner." Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 37, Supplement (May 2005): S459. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005768-200505001-02396.

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21

Greening, M., and J. Spenceley. "Shared Reading: Support for Inexperienced Readers." Educational Psychology in Practice 3, no. 1 (April 1987): 31–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0266736870030107.

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22

Kelly, Janet M., and David Swindell. "The Case For The Inexperienced User." American Review of Public Administration 33, no. 1 (March 2003): 91–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0275074002250256.

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23

Scott-Parker, Bridie, Barry Watson, Mark J. King, and Melissa K. Hyde. "Young, Inexperienced, and on the Road." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2318, no. 1 (January 2012): 98–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2318-12.

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24

McKee, Hamish D. R. "Nucleofractis sequence for inexperienced phacoemulsification surgeons." Journal of Cataract & Refractive Surgery 31, no. 5 (May 2005): 1077. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrs.2005.03.053.

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25

Hult, Christine A. "The computer and the inexperienced writer." Computers and Composition 5, no. 2 (April 1988): 29–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/8755-4615(88)80003-3.

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26

Slonim, Robert L. "Competing Against Experienced and Inexperienced Players." Experimental Economics 8, no. 1 (April 2005): 55–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10683-005-0437-3.

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27

Singh, Krishanveer. "The Perception of Green Promotion and Green Product: A Revolution on Consumer Buying Method." Turkish Journal of Computer and Mathematics Education (TURCOMAT) 12, no. 5 (April 11, 2021): 1598–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/turcomat.v12i5.2134.

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As the natural issues are deteriorating, the purchasers' pursuits approximately the ecological protection have added approximately the broadening in consumer shopping approach in the direction of a green way of existence. Along these strains, companies are making a flow into to make viable organic methodologies within the inexperienced marketplace enterprise. Green showcasing and green item development are valuable techniques which is probably utilized by using agencies to increment top hands and function an opportunity of studying the success of shoppers so on accomplish the affiliation's important imaginative and prescient. Green showcasing and green item improvement have specific blessings to companies regarding developing the maintainable herbal benefits and to create the familiarity with brand photograph of the business employer organization. This exam centers spherical the concept of inexperienced advertising and advertising and inexperienced object development, the particular consumer utilization close to green promoting and inexperienced item improvement, and eventually appears at the troubles that businesses have faced after they have unnoticed to execute inexperienced showcasing and green item development.
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Singh, Krishanveer. "The Perception of Green Promotion and Green Product: A Revolution on Consumer Buying Method." Turkish Journal of Computer and Mathematics Education (TURCOMAT) 12, no. 5 (April 11, 2021): 1598–603. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/turcomat.v12i5.2135.

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As the natural issues are deteriorating, the purchasers' pursuits approximately the ecological protection have added approximately the broadening in consumer shopping approach in the direction of a green way of existence. Along these strains, companies are making a flow into to make viable organic methodologies within the inexperienced marketplace enterprise. Green showcasing and green item development are valuable techniques which is probably utilized by using agencies to increment top hands and function an opportunity of studying the success of shoppers so on accomplish the affiliation's important imaginative and prescient. Green showcasing and green item improvement have specific blessings to companies regarding developing the maintainable herbal benefits and to create the familiarity with brand photograph of the business employer organization. This exam centers spherical the concept of inexperienced advertising and advertising and inexperienced object development, the particular consumer utilization close to green promoting and inexperienced item improvement, and eventually appears at the troubles that businesses have faced after they have unnoticed to execute inexperienced showcasing and green item development.
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29

Fontana, Fabio E., Oldemar Mazzardo, Comfort Mokgothu, Ovande Furtado, and Jere D. Gallagher. "Influence of Exercise Intensity on the Decision-Making Performance of Experienced and Inexperienced Soccer Players." Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology 31, no. 2 (April 2009): 135–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsep.31.2.135.

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The aim of this study was to examine the decision-making performance of experienced and inexperienced soccer players at four exercise intensities (rest, 40%, 60%, and 80% maximal aerobic power). The decision-making performance of inexperienced players was expected to demonstrate an inverted-U shape with increasing levels of exercise. For the experienced players, decision making was predicted to show no change in performance with increased exercise intensity. Thirty-two adult soccer players (16 experienced, 16 inexperienced) were asked to answer seven decision-making questions as quickly and accurately as possible for each exercise intensity. Results indicated that exercise does not affect the accuracy of decision making; however, the speed of decision making for experienced and inexperienced players improved with increased exercise intensity. These results suggest that physiologically induced arousal only affects speed of decision making.
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30

Jones, Dennis Floyd, Lynn Dale Housner, and Alan Seth Kornspan. "Interactive Decision Making and Behavior of Experienced and Inexperienced Basketball Coaches during Practice." Journal of Teaching in Physical Education 16, no. 4 (July 1997): 454–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jtpe.16.4.454.

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This study compared 10 experienced high school and 10 inexperienced junior high and middle school basketball coaches as they executed a 30-minute practice session on the “give and go” play in basketball. The coaches were given 30 minutes to plan a practice session. Following planning, coaches implemented their practice plan. Analysis of coaches’ behavior and interactive decision making indicated that experienced coaches exhibited significantly more technical instruction, whereas inexperienced coaches exhibited significantly higher frequencies of silent observation. With regard to interactive decision making, results indicated that both experienced and inexperienced coaches implemented practice in ways consistent with their plans. Experienced coaches, however, were significantly more reluctant to change their plans when problems were perceived. Despite these differences, experienced and inexperienced coaches exhibited greater similarities than differences. Limitations of research based on the behavioral analyses of the frequencies of thoughts and behaviors are discussed and directions for future research are presented.
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31

Finlay, David C., Mark L. Manning, and Barney Fenelon. "Individual Differences in Responses of Untrained Observers to Stroboscopic Apparent Motion." Perception 16, no. 5 (October 1987): 573–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/p160573.

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Two large groups of inexperienced subjects ( n = 208 and n = 50) and a small group of experienced subjects ( n = 5) were tested using time-till-breakdown as a measure of long-range apparent motion across a range of temporal frequencies. One group of inexperienced subjects was retested after one week and demonstrated quite stable patterns of response. Large intersubject variability was observed in terms of the amount of motion seen, with most inexperienced subjects reporting very little apparent motion. A raster display produced a peak frequency 1 Hz higher than a standard tachistoscope display. The role of experience was also examined with a small group of inexperienced subjects ( n = 8) tested once daily over five consecutive days. There was high intersubject variability and intrasubject consistency, demonstrating little influence of learning and experience. The results are discussed in terms of current ideas on the breakdown effect.
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Dr, Farooq Hussain, Muhammad Shah, and Azmat Ali. "Analysis of Sports Anxiety Levels among Experienced and Inexperienced Collegiate Athletes." Research Journal of Social Sciences and Economics Review (RJSSER) 2, no. 1 (March 26, 2021): 460–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.36902/rjsser-vol2-iss1-2021(460-465).

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The study examined to analyze the different levels of pre-competitive anxiety for inexperienced and inexperienced athletes. The pre-competitive anxiety factors were evaluated with the help of competitive state anxiety inventory – 2 (Urdu version). CSAI-2 questionnaire is composed of twenty-seven items having three subscales e.g. cognitive anxiety, somatic anxiety, and self-confidence. A sample of 360 athletes was taken through a stratified sampling technique for the examination of pre-competitive anxiety levels. The data of 360 athletes were further stratified into two sets of 180 experienced and 180 inexperienced athletes between the ages of 16 to 27 years. The questionnaire was distributed one hour before the start of the competition. T-test has been used to assess the data collected for investigation. The results displayed a significant difference in somatic, cognitive aspects of anxiety and self-confidence among the college-level experienced and inexperienced athletes.
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33

He, Yunjuan, and Ratree Wayland. "Identification of Mandarin coarticulated tones by inexperienced and experienced English learners of Mandarin." Chinese as a Second Language Research 2, no. 1 (June 24, 2013): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/caslar-2013-0020.

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AbstractTwo groups of native English speakers, relatively inexperienced (N = 14) with 3 months of Mandarin study and relatively more experienced (N = 14) with 12 months of study, were asked to identify coarticulated Mandarin lexical tones in disyllabic words. The results show that 1) the experienced learners were better at identifying Mandarin tones than the inexperienced learners, 2) Tones in coarticulation were more difficult to identify than tones in isolation, 3) tonal context and syllable position affected tonal perception, and 4) experienced learners committed fewer tonal direction errors than inexperienced learners. However, experienced learners still made a considerable amount of tonal height errors.
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34

Bortoli, Laura, Maurizio Bertollo, Giovanni Messina, Roberto Chiariotti, and Claudio Robazza. "Augmented feedback of experienced and less experienced volleyball coaches: A preliminary investigation." Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 38, no. 4 (May 1, 2010): 453–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2010.38.4.453.

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The purpose of the study was to identify effective coaching communication patterns by contrasting the augmented feedback of experienced and inexperienced coaches. Nine experienced and 9 inexperienced volleyball instructors (4 men and 5 women in each group) were videotaped while coaching 11- to 14-year-old female athletes. Analysis of the videotaped behaviors revealed that, compared to the feedback of inexperienced instructors, the feedback of experienced coaches was more specific, verbal, negatively evaluative, related to previous feedback, and provided more often during performance. From an applied perspective, our findings can be used to improve coaches' awareness – and the effectiveness – of their interactive skills.
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35

Fredriksson, Peter, Lena Hensvik, and Oskar Nordström Skans. "Mismatch of Talent: Evidence on Match Quality, Entry Wages, and Job Mobility." American Economic Review 108, no. 11 (November 1, 2018): 3303–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.20160848.

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We examine the impact of mismatch on entry wages, separations, and wage growth using unique data on worker talents. We show that workers are sorted on comparative advantage across jobs within occupations. The starting wages of inexperienced workers are unrelated to mismatch. For experienced workers, on the other hand, mismatch is negatively priced into their starting wages. Separations and wage growth are more strongly related to mismatch among inexperienced workers than among experienced workers. These findings are consistent with models of information updating, where less information is available about the quality of matches involving inexperienced workers. (JEL D83, J24, J31, J41, J63, J64)
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36

Bradley, Wray E. "Ability and Performance on Ill-Structured Problems: The Substitution Effect of Inductive Reasoning Ability." Behavioral Research in Accounting 21, no. 1 (January 1, 2009): 19–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/bria.2009.21.1.19.

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ABSTRACT: Some cognitive abilities may act as partial substitutes for experience. These abilities have the potential to enhance the performance of inexperienced professionals by helping them synthesize and make better use of limited domain or task-specific experience. This study investigates the substitution effect of inductive reasoning ability. An experiment required 130 practicing business valuation professionals (91 are CPAs) to solve an ill-structured business valuation case. The results of the experiment show that the worst performance came from inexperienced professionals who had low inductive reasoning ability. However, the performance of inexperienced professionals with high inductive reasoning ability was similar to the performance of more experienced professionals. This suggests that high inductive reasoning ability acted as a partial substitute for experience. The practical importance of this substitution effect is that training in inductive reasoning has the potential to increase the performance of inexperienced accounting professionals who encounter ill-structured problems or tasks. Accounting students would also benefit from training in inductive reasoning. Suggested future research is discussed.
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37

Morgan, C. A., A. B. Lawrence, J. Chirnside, and L. A. Deans. "Can information about solid food be transmitted from one piglet to another?" Animal Science 73, no. 3 (December 2001): 471–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1357729800058446.

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AbstractWhen weaned early, piglets commonly take some time to accept solid food, resulting in a growth check and reduced welfare. The transmission of information about food between animals has been demonstrated in other species and it would be advantageous if this occurred in piglets. This experiment investigated the effects of pairing piglets that were consuming solid food with newly weaned piglets. Six litters of piglets did not receive solid food until weaning. In each litter four piglets (3 plus 1 spare) were weaned at 21 days of age and housed together for 7 days and offered one of two foods (3 litters per food). At 28 days of age the remaining piglets were weaned and four pairs of piglets were formed, such that there were three experienced animals paired with three inexperienced observers, each pair having visual contact and varying degrees of physical contact (1: none, 2: through wire mesh, 3: housed together), and a pair of inexperienced piglets (4: housed together) to act as controls. Food intake and weight gain were recorded over a period of 7 days. There was no effect of food type on food intake or live-weight gain of the pairs but the inexperienced pigs had higher gains on food 1 than food 2. The inexperienced pairs ate less food than the other pairs and the experienced/observer pairs that were housed together had the greatest weight gain. The level of variation between piglets was such that there were no significant effects of pairing treatment on the weight gain of the inexperienced animals. Total time spent feeding increased with time from pair formation. The number of simultaneous feeding events was higher for the experienced/observer pairs housed together than for the inexperienced pairs. This experiment has indicated that food intake is stimulated when an inexperienced piglet is housed with an experienced piglet and, with further work, this could be exploited to alleviate the weaning check.
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Fisichella, V. A., F. Jäderling, S. Horvath, P. O. Stotzer, A. Kilander, and M. Hellström. "Primary three-dimensional analysis with perspective-filet view versus primary two-dimensional analysis: Evaluation of lesion detection by inexperienced readers at computed tomographic colonography in symptomatic patients." Acta Radiologica 50, no. 3 (April 2009): 244–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02841850802714797.

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Background: “Perspective-filet view” is a novel three-dimensional (3D) viewing technique for computed tomography colonography (CTC). Studies with experienced readers have shown a sensitivity for perspective-filet view similar to that of 2D or 3D endoluminal fly-through in detection of colorectal lesions. It is not known whether perspective-filet view, compared to axial images, improves lesion detection by inexperienced readers. Purpose: To compare primary 3D analysis using perspective-filet view (3D Filet) with primary 2D analysis, as used by inexperienced CTC readers. Secondary aims were to compare lesion detection by 3D Filet when used by experienced and inexperienced readers, and to evaluate the effect of combined 3D Filet + 2D analysis. Material and Methods: Fifty symptomatic patients were prospectively enrolled. An experienced reader performed 3D Filet analysis followed by complete 2D analysis (3D Filet + 2D), before colonoscopy with segmental unblinding. Two inexperienced readers (readers 2 and 3), blinded to CTC and colonoscopy findings, retrospectively performed 3D Filet analysis and, after 5 weeks, 2D analysis. True positives ≥6 mm detected by the inexperienced readers with 3D Filet and/or 2D were combined to obtain 3D Filet + 2D. Results: Colonoscopy revealed 116 lesions: 16 lesions ≥10 mm, 19 lesions 6–9 mm, and 81 lesions ≤5 mm. For the experienced reader, sensitivities for lesions ≥6 mm with 3D Filet and 3D Filet + 2D were 77% and 83%, respectively. For the inexperienced readers, sensitivities for lesions ≥6 mm with 3D Filet and 2D were 51% and 57% (reader 2) and 40% and 43% (reader 3), respectively. There was no significant difference between 3D Filet and 2D regarding sensitivity and reading time. For lesions ≥6 mm, 3D Filet + 2D improved the sensitivity of reader 2 to 63% and of reader 3 to 51%. Conclusion: Lesion detection by inexperienced readers using perspective-filet view is comparable to that obtained by 2D. Lesion detection improves by combining 3D Filet + 2D, but not to the level of an experienced reader.
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39

Schram, Ben, James Furness, Kevin Kemp-Smith, Jason Sharp, Matthew Cristini, Daniel Harvie, Emma Keady, et al. "A biomechanical analysis of the stand-up paddle board stroke: a comparative study." PeerJ 7 (November 1, 2019): e8006. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.8006.

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Background Stand-up paddle boarding (SUP) is a rapidly growing global aquatic sport, with increasing popularity among participants within recreation, competition and rehabilitation. To date, few scientific studies have focused on SUP. Further, there is no research examining the biomechanics of the SUP paddle stroke. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether variations in kinematics existed among experienced and inexperienced SUP participants using three-dimensional motion analysis. This data could be of significance to participants, researchers, coaches and health practitioners to improve performance and inform injury minimization strategies. Methods A cross-sectional observational design study was performed with seven experienced and 19 inexperienced paddlers whereby whole-body kinematic data were acquired using a six-camera Vicon motion capture system. Participants paddled on a SUP ergometer while three-dimensional range of motion (ROM) and peak joint angles were calculated for the shoulders, elbows, hips and trunk. Mann–Whitney U tests were conducted on the non-normally distributed data to evaluate differences between level of expertise. Results Significant differences in joint kinematics were found between experienced and inexperienced participants, with inexperienced participants using greater overall shoulder ROM (78.9° ± 24.9° vs 56.6° ± 17.3°, p = 0.010) and less hip ROM than the experienced participants (50.0° ± 18.5° vs 66.4° ± 11.8°, p = 0.035). Experienced participants demonstrated increased shoulder motion at the end of the paddle stoke compared to the inexperienced participants (74.9° ± 16.3° vs 35.2° ± 28.5°, p = 0.001 minimum shoulder flexion) and more extension at the elbow (6.0° ± 9.2° minimum elbow flexion vs 24.8° ± 13.5°, p = 0.000) than the inexperienced participants. Discussion The results of this study indicate several significant kinematic differences between the experienced and inexperienced SUP participants. These variations in technique were noted in the shoulder, elbow and hip and are evident in other aquatic paddling sports where injury rates are higher in these joints. These finding may be valuable for coaches, therapists and participants needing to maximize performance and minimize injury risk during participation in SUP.
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40

Saito, Masahiko. "Scale rating of learned or inexperienced skills." Proceedings of the Annual Convention of the Japanese Psychological Association 82 (September 25, 2018): 1PM—057–1PM—057. http://dx.doi.org/10.4992/pacjpa.82.0_1pm-057.

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Samy, Ravi N., Shanmugam Murugappan, Don Stredney, and Gregory Wiet. "Simulator Enhances Drilling Skills in Inexperienced Surgeons." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 139, no. 2_suppl (August 2008): P59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.otohns.2008.05.190.

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Objective 1) Validate whether a PC-based simulation program can be used to enhance temporal bone skills in those without any anatomical knowledge or surgical experience. 2) Understand the complexities of adapting simulator technology to educate novice and experienced temporal bone surgeons. Methods In this prospective, pilot study, individuals performed a craniectomy (measuring approximately 1”x2”) from the squamosa of cadaveric temporal bone specimens using typical otologic drills and instrumentation; the goals were to remove the bone, create straight lines along the edges of the craniectomy, and perform dural decompression without violating the dura. After performing this, the individuals then spent the next 2 weeks performing virtual temporal bone surgery on the OSC/OSU simulator. The individuals then performed the craniectomy a second time. A blinded observer (neurotologist) then assessed performance on the pre- and post-simulation tested bones. Results In all 6 sets of bones (12 bones total), the blinded observer was able to correctly determine which was the presimulation temporal bone and the post-simulation temporal bone. This was based primarily on the objective criteria of adequacy of dural decompression and the avoidance of dural tears. The assessment of linear edges of the craniectomy was not felt to be of sufficient importance. Conclusions The temporal bone simulator was able to improve the surgical skills in individuals with no prior temporal bone surgical experience or anatomy knowledge. The preliminary data from this study will be extended to a larger study group for statistical significance. Additional performance measures will need to be created to improve objective evaluation.
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Back, B. "Assisting Inexperienced Accountants in Developing Financial Statements." Intelligent Systems in Accounting, Finance and Management 1, no. 3 (September 1992): 155–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1099-1174.1992.tb00017.x.

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43

Spilker, Brian C., Bryan W. Stewart, Jaron H. Wilde, and David A. Wood. "A Comparison of U.S. and Offshore Indian Tax Professionals' Client Advocacy Attitudes and Client Recommendations." Journal of the American Taxation Association 38, no. 2 (June 1, 2016): 51–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/atax-51502.

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ABSTRACT This study compares the client advocacy attitudes of U.S. tax professionals who do U.S. tax work in the U.S. and Indian tax professionals who do U.S. tax work offshore. We find that experienced U.S. tax professionals have stronger client advocacy attitudes than experienced Indian tax professionals, while the client advocacy attitudes of inexperienced U.S. and inexperienced Indian tax professionals are not significantly different. Further, client advocacy attitudes of experienced U.S. tax professionals are stronger than advocacy attitudes of inexperienced U.S. tax professionals while the client advocacy attitudes of experienced Indian tax professionals are not different from advocacy attitudes of inexperienced Indian tax professionals. We also provide evidence that the client advocacy attitudes of experienced U.S. tax professionals are positively associated with their recommendations of the client-preferred position, while the client advocacy attitudes of experienced Indian tax professionals are not related to their client recommendations. Given the increasing number of Indian tax professionals performing U.S. tax work, our findings should be of interest to researchers, taxing authorities, firms, and taxpayers. JEL Classifications: M40; M41; M55; H20; C90.
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Millslagle, Duane G. "Dynamic Visual Acuity and Coincidence-Anticipation Timing by Experienced and Inexperienced Women Players of Fast Pitch Softball." Perceptual and Motor Skills 90, no. 2 (April 2000): 498–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.2000.90.2.498.

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This study examined the relationship between dynamic visual acuity and coincidence-anticipation timing in 16 inexperienced and 16 experienced women's fast pitch Softball players. Pearson-product correlations indicated a low relationship between dynamic visual acuity and coincidence-anticipation timing. The correlations for dynamic visual acuity and coincidence anticipation between experienced and inexperienced dynamic visual acuity were not significant. A significant difference was found between the mean dynamic visual acuity of the two groups, i.e., experienced players had better dynamic visual acuity than inexperienced players. Analysis of variance of constant errors, variable errors, and absolute errors of coincidence anticipation indicated no significant differences between groups or across the three accuracy scores. The interaction between experience and accuracy was not significant.
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Hayashi, Masayuki, Masaru K. Hojo, Masashi Nomura, and Kazuki Tsuji. "Social transmission of information about a mutualist via trophallaxis in ant colonies." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 284, no. 1861 (August 30, 2017): 20171367. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2017.1367.

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Partner discrimination is crucial in mutualistic interactions between organisms to counteract cheating by the partner. Trophobiosis between ants and aphids is a model system of such mutualistic interaction. To establish and maintain the mutualistic association, ants need to correctly discriminate mutualistic aphids. However, the mechanism by which ants recognize aphids as their partners is poorly understood, despite its ecological and evolutionary importance. Here, we show for the first time the evidence that interaction with nest-mates that have tended aphids ( Aphis craccivora ) allows ants ( Tetramorium tsushimae ) to learn to recognize the aphid species as their partner. When ants had previously tended aphids, they moderated their aggressiveness towards aphids. More importantly, ants that had interacted with aphid-experienced nest-mates also reduced their aggressiveness towards aphids, even though they had never directly experienced them, indicating that aphid information was transmitted from aphid-experienced ants to inexperienced ants. Furthermore, inhibition of mouth-to-mouth contact (trophallaxis) from aphid-experienced ants to inexperienced ants by providing the inexperienced ants with artificial honeydew solution caused the inexperienced ants to become aggressive towards aphids. These results, with further supporting data, strongly suggest that ants transfer information on their mutualists during trophallactic interactions.
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Paiva, Tatiana Saito, Marcia Andre, Wellingson Silva Paiva, and Beatriz Silva Camara Mattos. "Aesthetic Evaluation of the Nasolabial Region in Children with Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate Comparing Expert versus Nonexperience Health Professionals." BioMed Research International 2014 (2014): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/460106.

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Esthetic evaluation of cleft lip and palate rehabilitation outcomes may assist in the determination of new surgical interventions and aid in reevaluation of treatment protocols. Our objective was to compare esthetics assessments of the nasolabial region in children with a unilateral cleft lip and palate between healthcare professionals who were experienced in the treatment of cleft lip and palate and those who were inexperienced. The study group included 55 patients between 6 and 12 years of age who had already undergone primary reconstructive surgery for unilateral cleft lip. Standardized digital photographs were obtained, and the esthetic features of the nose, lip, and nasolabial region were evaluated. We used only cropped photographic images in the assessments of healthcare professionals with and without experience in cleft lip and palate. Interrater analysis revealed highly reliable assessments made by both the experienced and inexperienced professionals. There was no statistically significant difference in the esthetic attractiveness of the lip and nose between the experienced and inexperienced professionals. Compared with the inexperienced professionals, the experienced professional evaluators showed higher satisfaction with the esthetic appearance of the nasolabial region; however, no difference was observed in the analysis of the lip or nose alone.
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Laczi, Elizabeth, Joan E. Sussman, Elaine T. Stathopoulos, and Jessica Huber. "Perceptual Evaluation of Hypernasality Compared to HONC Measures: The Role of Experience." Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal 42, no. 2 (March 2005): 202–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1597/03-011.1.

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Objectives Nasality ratings from experienced and inexperienced listeners were compared to accelerometric measures using the Horii Oral Nasal Coupling (HONC) Index to determine if one group's ratings are more closely related to the HONC Index measures. The reliability of listener ratings was studied to determine if experienced listeners had better reliability than inexperienced listeners. The influence of phonetic content was analyzed to learn if ratings of sentences with stop consonants yielded higher correlations with HONC scores than sentences containing glides. Design Experienced and inexperienced listeners’ ratings of hypernasality were correlated to the HONC measures for two nonnasal sentence productions. Analysis of variance compared experienced versus inexperienced listener ratings. Participants Ten listeners who were speech-language pathologists with at least 10 years of experience in assessing hypernasality and 10 listeners who were graduate students in communicative disorders with less than 1 year of experience. Speech samples were acquired from 13 children with varying degrees of hypernasality and 5 children with normal nasality. Results Correlations between ratings of hypernasality and HONC scores were .60 for the experienced group and .52 for the inexperienced group. In general, the experienced listeners rated the hypernasality of the speakers as less severe. Both groups had similar intrajudge reliability. Hypernasality ratings were not influenced by sentence context. Conclusions Hypernasality can be rated in a reliable fashion regardless of listener experience. The correlations between the objective measure of nasalization (HONC) and the perceptual ratings were not as high as expected. Factors contributing to obtaining only moderate correlations will be discussed.
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Kise, Yoshitaka, Mayumi Shimizu, Haruka Ikeda, Takeshi Fujii, Chiaki Kuwada, Masako Nishiyama, Takuma Funakoshi, et al. "Usefulness of a deep learning system for diagnosing Sjögren’s syndrome using ultrasonography images." Dentomaxillofacial Radiology 49, no. 3 (March 2020): 20190348. http://dx.doi.org/10.1259/dmfr.20190348.

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Objectives: We evaluated the diagnostic performance of a deep learning system for the detection of Sjögren’s syndrome (SjS) in ultrasonography (US) images, and compared it with the performance of inexperienced radiologists. Methods: 100 patients with a confirmed diagnosis of SjS according to both the Japanese criteria and American-European Consensus Group criteria and 100 non-SjS patients that had a dry mouth and suspected SjS but were definitively diagnosed as non-SjS were enrolled in this study. All the patients underwent US scans of both the parotid glands (PG) and submandibular glands (SMG). The training group consisted of 80 SjS patients and 80 non-SjS patients, whereas the test group consisted of 20 SjS patients and 20 non-SjS patients for deep learning analysis. The performance of the deep learning system for diagnosing SjS from the US images was compared with the diagnoses made by three inexperienced radiologists. Results: The accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of the deep learning system for the PG were 89.5, 90.0 and 89.0%, respectively, and those for the inexperienced radiologists were 76.7, 67.0 and 86.3%, respectively. The deep learning system results for the SMG were 84.0, 81.0 and 87.0%, respectively, and those for the inexperienced radiologists were 72.0, 78.0 and 66.0%, respectively. The AUC for the inexperienced radiologists was significantly different from that of the deep learning system. Conclusions: The deep learning system had a high diagnostic ability for SjS. This suggests that deep learning could be used for diagnostic support when interpreting US images.
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Koh, Jieun, Soo-Yeon Kim, Hye Sun Lee, Eun-Kyung Kim, Jin Young Kwak, Hee Jung Moon, and Jung Hyun Yoon. "Diagnostic performances and interobserver agreement according to observer experience: a comparison study using three guidelines for management of thyroid nodules." Acta Radiologica 59, no. 8 (November 28, 2017): 917–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0284185117744001.

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Background The differences regarding categorization of thyroid nodules among different guidelines may affect the diagnostic performances and agreement among observers. Purpose To compare the diagnostic performances and agreements between observers with various degree of experience when applying different guidelines for stratifying thyroid nodules using suspicious ultrasonography (US) features. Material and Methods This retrospective study included 370 thyroid nodules (≥10 mm). Four observers, grouped as experienced and inexperienced, evaluated the US features and made final assessments according to the Kim criteria, Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (TIRADS) by Kwak et al., and the 2015 American Thyroid Association (ATA) guideline. Diagnostic performances and agreements among the two groups were compared. Results The Kim criteria shows higher specificity with significantly lower sensitivity when compared to TIRADS and the 2015 ATA guideline (all P < 0.001), regardless of the level of experience. The experienced group showed significantly higher specificity with the Kim criteria and the 2015 ATA guideline compared to the inexperienced group ( P < 0.001), and the inexperienced group showed significantly higher sensitivity using the Kim criteria ( P = 0.002). The experienced group showed significantly higher agreement than the inexperienced group when using TIRADS while higher agreement was seen when using the 2015 ATA guideline for the inexperienced group. Agreement was not significantly different for the Kim criteria according to observer experience. Conclusion The diagnostic performances and agreements show significant differences in risk stratification of thyroid nodules according to the three guidelines using suspicious US features and the level of experience of the observer.
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Saastamoinen, Jani, and Niko Suhonen. "Does betting experience matter in sequential risk taking in horse race wagering?" Economics and Business Letters 7, no. 4 (November 23, 2018): 137. http://dx.doi.org/10.17811/ebl.7.4.2018.137-143.

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This paper examines how betting experience is associated with horse race bettors’ sequential risk taking. We use an individual-level data set of 5,217 individual bettors with 167,816 betting-related transactions. Our analyses suggest that inexperienced bettors take on more risk than experienced bettors do after they experience gains. We also find some indication that experienced bettors become more risk averse than inexperienced ones after incurring losses.
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