Journal articles: 'Inequity'

1

Nielsen, François. "Inequality and inequity." Social Science Research 62 (February 2017): 29–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ssresearch.2016.12.009.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Charlton, Bruce G. "The Inequity of Inequality." Journal of Health Psychology 2, no. 3 (July 1997): 413–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/135910539700200309.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Li, Weijun. "Impacts of Regional Disparities and Policy Bias on Chinese Educational Inequality and Inequity." BCP Business & Management 41 (March 17, 2023): 257–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.54691/bcpbm.v41i.4440.

Full text

Abstract:

China's economy and society have achieved remarkable success over the past few decades. However, these outstanding achievements, on the contrary, have widened the inequality and inequity between regions. Nowadays, with the announcement of certain educational policies, educational inequality and inequity have been concentrated by the public recently. This study presents a relatively complete view of how economic and political reasons in China caused some educational inequality and inequity. Specifically, the article focusses on how the economy-allocation of educational resources and policy bias affect the issue of educational inequality and inequity. Four key pieces of research related to Chinese educational inequality and inequity are addressed in this article: (1) Local fiscal revenue, (2) Family income, (3) The National College Examination's preference policy, and (4) Double-Reduction Policy. After finishing the research above, it gives the readers a whole perspective on educational inequality and inequity, which can make the educational regulators clearer to deal with them.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Heaslip, Vanessa, Ruth Thompson, Memory Tauringana, Sharon Holland, and Nikki Glendening. "Health inequity in the UK: exploring health inequality and inequity." Practice Nursing 33, no. 2 (February 2, 2022): 72–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/pnur.2022.33.2.72.

Full text

Abstract:

In this article, the first of two, Vanessa Heaslip et al examine the factors that lead to certain groups having poorer health outcomes in the UK Practice nurses are ideally placed within local communities to have a significant impact on addressing health inequities. However, to achieve this they need to understand the many factors that lead to certain groups having poorer health outcomes. Advances in longevity do not automatically match advances in health and wellbeing across all social groups. In the UK, someone living in a deprived area of England is more likely to die eight and a half years younger than someone living in a more affluent area. The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted health inequities faced by ethnic minority groups in particular. This article, the first of two, will define the terminology used, explore access to health services in the UK and present the evidence driving healthcare policy.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Daraz, Zahoor Hussain, Berkheez Shabir, and Rehana Afshan. "Protein Energy Malnutrition (PEM) in a Child Depicting Health Inequity (HI) in Kashmir." International Journal of Science and Healthcare Research 7, no. 1 (January 21, 2022): 46–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.52403/ijshr.20220109.

Full text

Abstract:

WHO defines health inequities as avoidable inequalities between groups of people within countries and between the countries: Similarly, various global health agencies have provided an extract where Inequity and inequality is clearly defined. These two terms are confusing at times however they are not interchangeable. Health inequity is a situation where differences can be avoided but due to mass corruption, poor governance and in some instances cultural compulsion and exclusion leads to inequity. Health inequity is socially produced therefore it is unfair and avoidable. Example of health inequity between countries are, the infant mortality rate in Iceland is 2 per 1000 live births while it is 120 per 1000 live births in Mozambique. On the other hand health inequality is an unavoidable condition that results due to uneven distribution of health or resources or biological variations of genetic or other factors e.g. Elderly people, who are more likely to die than young adults and children. This case report of a child with PEM is aimed to highlight the issue of health inequity in a Paediatric age group in Kashmir, India. Keywords: PEM (Protein Energy Malnutrition), WHO (World Health Organization), PMJAY (Prime Minister Jan Arogya Yojana).

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Richardson, Henry S. "Ways of Discerning Inequality and Inequity." Journal of Human Development and Capabilities 10, no. 3 (November 2009): 309–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19452820903060352.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Montero, Maria. "Inequity Aversion May Increase Inequity." Economic Journal 117, no. 519 (March 1, 2007): C192—C204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0297.2007.02041.x.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Wu, Peishen, and Mei Liu. "A Framework for the Spatial Inequality in Urban Public Facility for Urban Planning, Design and Management." Land 11, no. 9 (August 30, 2022): 1429. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land11091429.

Full text

Abstract:

Spatial inequality, spatial injustice, and spatial inequity are topics that have been of great interest for academics in various research fields. Among them, the uneven distribution and accessibility of urban public facilities (abbreviated as “UPF”) as one of the most predominant research subjects explores the factors that lead to disparities for people to access indispensable resources and services, which might cause significant marginalization for certain communities and further increase overall inequality. Extensive research has contributed to a status-quo understanding of spatial inequality/injustice/inequity in UPFs from demographic, political, and morphological points of view. However, there lacks a detailed set of guidelines, particularly in terms of location-specific urban planning, urban design, and UPF management strategies, which seek for more equitable opportunities for the public to receive and use amenities. To fill the gap, this research carried out an in-depth review of literature that studied spatial inequality/injustice/inequity research related to UPFs. The results showed that the findings of the current literature that studied spatial inequality/injustice/inequity research in UPFs can be mainly distinguished into three aspects: (a) morphology: the spatial structure and character of physical urban elements; (b) quantity: the uneven quantity of UPFs; (c) quality: the disparity in the quality of UPFs. Based on that, this research proposed empirical planning and design interventions from a spatial perspective. In conclusion, a framework that displays a hierarchical process of understanding and interpreting the spatial inequality/injustice/inequity in UPFs from an ambiguous concept to detailed interventions was developed, extending knowledge-based principles for urban practitioners to thoroughly understand and communicate an equal and inclusive urban environment.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

TOL, RICHARD S. J. "INTERNATIONAL INEQUITY AVERSION AND THE SOCIAL COST OF CARBON." Climate Change Economics 01, no. 01 (May 2010): 21–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010007810000029.

Full text

Abstract:

I define the rate of inequity aversion, distinguishing between the pure rate and the consumption rate. I measure the rate of aversion to inequality in consumption as expressed in the development aid given by rich countries to poor ones between 1965 and 2005. There is an ambiguous relationship between the pure rate of inequity aversion and the consumption rate, driven by the rate of risk aversion. However, for a reasonable choice of the rate of risk aversion, rich countries are shown to be inequity averse, and increasingly so over time. The social cost of carbon is very sensitive to equity weighting and assumptions about the rate of risk and inequity aversion. Estimates of the consumption rate of inequity aversion for recent data suggest that the equity-weighted social cost of carbon is less than 50% larger than the unweighted estimate.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

Feine, J. S. "Oral Health Care Access, Inequity, and Inequality." JDR Clinical & Translational Research 7, no. 4 (September 19, 2022): 332–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/23800844221121301.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

11

McAuliffe, Katherine, Natalie Benjamin, and Felix Warneken. "Reward type influences adults’ rejections of inequality in a task designed for children." PLOS ONE 17, no. 8 (August 16, 2022): e0272710. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0272710.

Full text

Abstract:

In the context of economic games, adults sacrifice money to avoid unequal outcomes, showing so-called inequity aversion. Child-friendly adaptations of these games have shown that children, too, show inequity aversion. Moreover, inequity aversion shows a clear developmental trajectory, with young children rejecting only disadvantageously unequal distributions and older children rejecting both disadvantageously and advantageously unequal distributions. However, based on existing work, it is difficult to compare adult and child responses to inequity because (1) adapting economic games to make them child-friendly may importantly alter the dynamics of the fairness interaction and (2) adult work typically uses abstract rewards such as money while work with children typically uses more concrete rewards like candy, stickers or toys. Here we adapted the Inequity Game—a paradigm designed to study children’s responses to inequality in isolation from other concerns—to test inequity aversion in adults (N = 104 pairs). We manipulated whether participants made decisions about concrete rewards (candy) or abstract rewards (tokens that could be traded in for money). We found that, like children, adults rejected unequal payoffs in this task. Additionally, we found that reward type mattered: adults rejected disadvantageous—but not advantageous—monetary distributions, yet rejected both disadvantageous and advantageous candy distributions. These findings allow us to draw clearer comparisons across child and adult responses to unfairness and help paint a fuller picture of inequity aversion in humans.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

12

Cok, Mitja, Ivica Urban, and Miroslav Verbic. "Income redistribution through taxes and social benefits: The case of Slovenia and Croatia." Panoeconomicus 60, no. 5 (2013): 667–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/pan1305667c.

Full text

Abstract:

The article analyses the redistributive effect attained by personal income tax, social security contributions and social benefits in Slovenia and Croatia. The redistributive effect is decomposed first to reveal progressivity and horizontal inequity effects, and further to show contributions of different tax and benefit instruments. Even though both countries started from the same socioeconomic background two decades ago, the current results reveal divergence that is a consequence of diverse development during this period. The results indicate that Croatia experienced significantly higher pre-fiscal income inequality and lower redistributive effect than Slovenia. Horizontal inequity effects, though, were higher in Slovenia than in Croatia. In both countries, the meanstested social benefits exerted an over-proportionate influence on the vertical effect, suggesting a strong impact of the welfare state on income position of their residents, but also induced a large amount of horizontal inequity. In Slovenia, the non-means-tested benefits slightly increased income inequality.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

13

Kalleitner, Fabian, and Sandra Bohmann. "The Inequity Z: Income Fairness Perceptions in Europe across the Income Distribution." Socius: Sociological Research for a Dynamic World 9 (January 2023): 237802312311671. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/23780231231167138.

Full text

Abstract:

Using data from the European Social Survey, we examine income fairness evaluations of 17,605 respondents from 28 countries. Respondents evaluated the fairness of their own incomes as well as the fairness of the incomes of the top and bottom income deciles in their countries. Depicted on a single graph, these income fairness evaluations take on a Z-shaped form, which we call the “inequity Z”. The inequity Z reveals an extensive level of consensus within each country regarding the degree of unfairness of top and bottom incomes. With rising income, respondents consistently judge their own incomes to be less unfair. Across countries, the gap in fairness ratings between top and bottom incomes rises with income inequality. Perceived underreward of bottom incomes is more pronounced in countries where bottom incomes are objectively lower. Thus, this visualization suggests that, when people are confronted with information about actual income levels, perceived inequity increases with inequality.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

14

Cochran, Calvin, and Cailin O’Connor. "Inequality and inequity in the emergence of conventions." Politics, Philosophy & Economics 18, no. 3 (February 19, 2019): 264–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1470594x19828371.

Full text

Abstract:

Many societies have norms of equity – that those who make symmetric social contributions deserve symmetric rewards. Despite this, there are widespread patterns of social inequity, especially along gender and racial lines. It is often the case that members of certain social groups receive greater rewards per contribution than others. In this article, we draw on evolutionary game theory to show that the emergence of this sort of convention is far from surprising. In simple cultural evolutionary models, inequity is much more likely to emerge than equity, despite the presence of stable, equitable outcomes that groups might instead learn. As we outline, social groups provide a way to break symmetry between actors in determining both contribution and reward in joint projects.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

15

Mendes, Aysha. "Healthcare inequity." Journal of Paramedic Practice 13, no. 4 (April 2, 2021): 139. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/jpar.2021.13.4.139.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

16

Brooks, Beth A. "Pay Inequity:." Nurse Leader 19, no. 4 (August 2021): 325–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mnl.2021.05.005.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

17

Issel, L. Michele, Christine Fitzpatrick Lurie, and Betty Bekemeier. "Wage Inequity." Journal of Public Health Management and Practice 22, no. 6 (2016): 550–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/phh.0000000000000390.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

18

Nowak, Kristen J., Alicia Bauskis, Hugh J. Dawkins, and Gareth Baynam. "Incidental inequity." European Journal of Human Genetics 26, no. 5 (February 15, 2018): 616–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41431-018-0101-y.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

19

Lichtenstein, Bronwen, Amit K. Sharma, and John R. Wheat. "Health Inequity." Family & Community Health 28, no. 2 (April 2005): 156–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00003727-200504000-00007.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

20

Hernandez, Frank, and Joanne Marshall. "Auditing Inequity." Education and Urban Society 49, no. 2 (July 27, 2016): 203–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0013124516630598.

Full text

Abstract:

While much has been written about preparing educational leaders to lead for social justice, much less has been written about how to do so. This study is one of the first to analyze the reflections and written assignments of aspiring administrators to determine what they are currently thinking about poverty, race/ethnicity, and social justice leadership and how that thinking is shaped throughout one course. Results indicate that students were variable in their individual reflections, but that assignments, which required them to analyze the inequities in their schools and develop an implementation plan, led all of these aspiring administrators to seek to redress those inequities. The article discusses implications for other programs, which prepare educational leaders.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

21

Rorrer, Andrea K. "Eroding Inequity." Educational Policy 20, no. 1 (January 2006): 225–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0895904805285461.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

22

Chin, Jasmine. "Understanding inequity." Clinical Psychology Forum 1, no. 166 (October 2006): 3.1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.53841/bpscpf.2006.1.166.3.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

23

Ichkitidze, Yuri, Anton Lushkin, Laslo Ungvari, and Sadat Akaeva. "Technological development and income inequality: a role of financial market." SHS Web of Conferences 44 (2018): 00039. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20184400039.

Full text

Abstract:

In this paper we study the effects of financial markets on an increase in income inequity. The notion, which is employed as a working hypothesis that the market equilibrium around the fair price and unbiased changes in prices has a neutral effect on inequity while the systematic underreaction accompanied by time trends contributes to its growth, has been considered. In order to check this hypothesis we have studied the long-term cycles in dynamics of the US stock index and income inequity and shown that the stock market growth observed in 1980-2017 is correlated to an increase in income inequity. The presence of causality in this relationship has been found through the evidence of systematic underreaction given by the share prices of fast-growing companies to the information about the diffusion of technological innovations. The research results prove that the free financial markets with technological development in progress contribute to instability, as they while enhancing income inequality increase the unemployment growth risks and require additional efforts from the state to redistribute income.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

24

Kunonga, Patience, Barbara Hanratty, Pete Bower, and Dawn Craig. "OP21 A Critical Review Of Existing Health Inequality And Health Inequity Frameworks In Evidence Synthesis." International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 38, S1 (December 2022): S9—S10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266462322000800.

Full text

Abstract:

IntroductionIn recent years, there has been a growing recognition that health equity and health inequalities should be a consideration in all aspects of research. Since the Commission on Social Determinants of Health by the World Health Organization was established in 2005, there has been a growing interest in tackling systemic differences in health outcomes, including expanding the scope to health research including evidence synthesis and health technology assessments (HTA). This analysis aims to identify health inequality and health inequity frameworks that exist to help structure and plan research methods in evidence synthesis.MethodsA critical analysis of the existing frameworks used in evidence synthesis to address health inequality and/or inequity was undertaken. Comprehensive, systematic searching of seven social science electronic databases and grey literature was undertaken based on the Behavior/phenomenon of interest, Health context and Model/Theory (BeHEMoTh) model, from 1990 to May 2022 to identify all relevant studies. A narrative synthesis approach was used to critically appraise the existing frameworks.ResultsSixty-two reviews published between 2008 and 2022 reporting on using a framework to stratify health opportunities and outcomes met the inclusion criteria. Frameworks identified included the PROGRESS (place of residence, race or ethnicity, occupation, gender, religion, educational level, socioeconomic status, and social capital), PROGRESS-Plus (plus age, disability and sexual orientation) and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Mata Analysis (PRISMA) – Equity checklist.ConclusionsCurrently, there does not seem to be consensus in how evidence of inequality or inequity in evidence synthesis or HTA are reported. As research interests in health inequality and inequity continue to grow, there is a need to develop a framework that provides an in-depth understanding of how inequalities in health and inequities in health should be considered within evidence synthesis and HTA. This will allow researchers to analyze not just the effects of interventions, but also how healthcare outcomes are impacted by inequalities or inequities.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

25

Oburota, Chukwuedo Susan, and Olanrewaju Olaniyan. "Health care financing and income inequality in Nigeria." International Journal of Social Economics 47, no. 11 (October 7, 2020): 1419–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijse-05-2020-0286.

Full text

Abstract:

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to decompose the inequities induced by the Nigerian health care financing sources and their effect on the income distribution. Inequities in health care financing sources are of immense policy concern particularly in developing countries such as Nigeria, where high-level income inequality exists, and the cost of medical care is generally financed out-of-pocket (OOP) due to limited access to health insurance.Design/methodology/approachThe Duclos et al. decomposition model provided the theoretical framework for the study. Data were obtained from two waves of the Nigeria General Household Survey (GHS) panel, 2012–13 and 2015–16. The analysis covered 3,999 households in 2012–13 and 4,051 households in 2015–16. Two measures of health care financing: OOP payment and health insurance contribution (HIC) were used. The ability to pay measure was household consumption expenditure.FindingsThe major inequity issue induced by the OOP payments was vertical inequity. HICs created the problems of vertical inequity, horizontal inequity and reranking among households. Overall both health care financing options were associated with the worsening of income inequality both at the national and sectorial levels in the country. The operations of the NHIS need to be improved to ensuring improved health care coverage for the poor.Originality/valueThis paper fulfills an identified need to determine the income redistributive effects (REs) of the social health insurance (SHI) contribution at the national, urban and rural locations overtime.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

26

Hernández, Fé Fernández. "The absolute socioeconomic inequity attributable to smoking." Clinical Research and Clinical Trials 2, no. 1 (July 30, 2020): 01–02. http://dx.doi.org/10.31579/2693-4779/009.

Full text

Abstract:

Background: Smoking has several consequences over the society and the economy at same time. Because of smoking smokers are reducing the life quality and life expectation too. That is the main cause of absolute socioeconomic inequity attributable to smoking. Objective: To characterize the absolute socioeconomic inequity attributable to smoking. Materials and methods: Were used several theorical methods as the inductive – deductive and the comparative too. As empirical method was used the bibliographic research. Results: Smoking is the main cause of the existence of this particular inequity form. That’s why to eliminate the absolute socioeconomic inequity attributable to smoking is necessary focus the attention in the reduction of the tobacco consumption intensity as main explicative variable for personal smoker demand of health services because of smoking. Conclusions: The absolute socioeconomic inequity attributable to smoking is showed by mortality and morbidity too. In both case the strategic to reduce the tobacco consumption must focus the attention as main way to control, reduce and eliminate the absolute socioeconomic inequity attributable to smoking

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

27

Shaw, Alex, and Shoham Choshen-Hillel. "It’s not fair: Folk intuitions about disadvantageous and advantageous inequity aversion." Judgment and Decision Making 12, no. 3 (May 2017): 208–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1930297500005830.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractPeople often object to inequity; they react negatively to receiving less than others (disadvantageous inequity aversion), and more than others (advantageous inequity aversion). Here we study people’s folk intuitions about inequity aversion: what do people infer about others’ fairness concerns, when they observe their reactions to disadvantageous or advantageous inequity? We hypothesized that, people would not intuitively regard disadvantageous inequity aversion by itself as being rooted in fairness, but they would regard advantageous inequity aversion by itself as being rooted in fairness. In four studies, we used vignettes describing inequity aversion of a made up alien species to assess people’s folk intuitions about inequity aversion. The studies supported our main hypothesis that disadvantageous inequity aversion, without advantageous inequity aversion, does not fit people’s folk conception of fairness. Instead, participants reported it to be rooted in envy. According to these results, the claim that disadvantageous inequity aversion reveals a concern with fairness, does not readily accord with people’s intuitions. We connect these findings to other pieces of evidence in the literatures of behavioral economics, developmental psychology, and social psychology, indicating that lay people’s intuitions may be on the mark in this case. Specifically, unlike advantageous inequity aversion, disadvantageous inequity aversion need not be rooted in a sense of fairness.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

28

Luo, Jingjing, Shiyan Zhai, Genxin Song, Xinxin He, Hongquan Song, Jing Chen, Huan Liu, and Yuke Feng. "Assessing Inequity in Green Space Exposure toward a “15-Minute City” in Zhengzhou, China: Using Deep Learning and Urban Big Data." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 10 (May 10, 2022): 5798. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19105798.

Full text

Abstract:

Green space exposure is considered an important aspect of a livable environment and human well-being. It is often regarded as an indicator of social justice. However, due to the difficulties in obtaining green space exposure data from a ground-based view, an effective evaluation of the green space exposure inequity at the community level remains challenging. In this study, we presented a green space exposure inequity assessment framework, integrating the Green View Index (GVI), deep learning, spatial statistical analysis methods, and urban rental price big data to analyze green space exposure inequity at the community level toward a “15-minute city” in Zhengzhou, China. The results showed that green space exposure inequality is evident among residential communities. The areas in the old city were with relatively high GVI and the new city districts were with relatively low GVI. Moreover, a spatially uneven association was observed between the degree of green space exposure and housing prices. Especially, the wealthier communities in the new city districts benefit from low green space, compared to disadvantaged communities in the old city. The findings provide valuable insights for policy and planning to effectively implement greening strategies and eliminate environmental inequality in urban areas.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

29

Hansson, Lars. "Inequality and inequity in use of mental health services." Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica 107, no. 3 (February 7, 2003): 161–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0447.2003.00076.x.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

30

The Lancet. "Child deaths: inequity and inequality in high-income countries." Lancet 384, no. 9946 (September 2014): 830. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(14)61471-9.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

31

Brülde, Bengt. "Inequity, inequality, and the distributive goals of public health." International Journal of Public Health 53, no. 1 (January 2008): 5–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00038-007-0234-1.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

32

The Lancet Regional Health - Europe. "Reduce cancer inequity and inequality to reduce cancer mortality." Lancet Regional Health - Europe 25 (February 2023): 100591. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.lanepe.2023.100591.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

33

Villanueva-Flores, Mercedes, Ramón Valle-Cabrera, and Mar Bornay-Barrachina. "Career development and individuals with physical disabilities." Career Development International 19, no. 2 (May 6, 2014): 222–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/cdi-02-2013-0022.

Full text

Abstract:

Purpose – Few studies have focussed on the situation of employees with physical disabilities from the perspective of human resources management – in particular on the career development expectations of this group. The purpose of this paper is to meet this need by focussing on individuals with physical disabilities in Andalusia (Spain). It analyzes three key aspects: whether the perception of discrimination is related to the perception of inequity due to their disabilities, with this relationship being moderated by gender; whether these perceptions of inequality and discrimination lead to feelings of dissatisfaction with the employing organization; and whether the perception of discrimination mediates the relationship between perceived inequity and job dissatisfaction. Design/methodology/approach – Using the theoretical framework of organizational justice, regression analysis is applied to test the hypotheses in a population of 459 employed people with physical disabilities. Findings – The results show that perceived discrimination is due to perceived inequity when peers who do not have a disability are used as comparative reference; however, this relationship is not moderated by gender. These perceptions of inequity and discrimination cause individuals to feel dissatisfaction in organizations, and a mediating effect is found for the perception of discrimination in professional development opportunities. The control variables considered, age and education, are not significant in the relationships studied. Originality/value – An original and valued model is proposed to explain job dissatisfaction among employees with physical disabilities and the possibility of perceiving a dual disadvantage, in their possibilities for professional development. The model links together three variables that have not previously been linked all together in the literature – perceived inequity, perceived discrimination on the grounds of disability, and dissatisfaction – highlighting that perceived discrimination on the grounds of disability mediates the relationship between perceived inequity and dissatisfaction. This model can also examine whether a dual disadvantage is perceived owing to an individual's being a woman and having a disability, considering gender as a variable that moderates the relationship between perceived inequity and perceived discrimination on the grounds of disability.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

34

Hernández, Fé Fernández. "Rates to Measures the Social Inequity Attributable To Smoking." Journal of Clinical Research and Reports 2, no. 4 (February 12, 2020): 01–04. http://dx.doi.org/10.31579/2690-1919/034.

Full text

Abstract:

Introduction: Smoking has two main explicative variables given by the consumption of tobacco and cigarettes and the smokers’ number. The relation between both and the researched risk factor determine the social behavior of it. The social inequity attributable to smoking is given by the particular way to impact over the researched population. Objective: To design an inequity rate for each identified form of social inequity attributable to smoking. Was made an analytic research about the smoking social inequity. Materials and Methods: Were used like theorical methods the comparative and the inductive deductive and like empiric method the bibliographic research. Results: The social inequity attributable to smoking is given by the social cost because of smoking. These costs are determined by the smoking effect over the economic resources consumption´s financing the health services and the smoking effect over the society and the economy in general by the labor productivity lose. Conclusion: Smoking like risk factor has several forms to impact over the population researched. Each identified form of social inequity has one particular form of social inequity and one form of socioeconomic inequity too.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

35

Zavalishina, Yelena. "Costs of inequity." Canadian Family Physician 67, no. 6 (June 2021): e153-e153. http://dx.doi.org/10.46747/cfp.6706e153.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

36

Seegert, Liz. "Global Vaccine Inequity." AJN, American Journal of Nursing 122, no. 4 (April 2022): 18–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.naj.0000827304.78197.d3.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

37

Alderton, Gemma. "Highlighting health inequity." Science 372, no. 6540 (April 22, 2021): 356.10–358. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.372.6540.356-j.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

38

Boisvert, Sue. "Health care Inequity." Journal of Healthcare Risk Management 41, no. 1 (July 2021): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrm.21465.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

39

Page, Michael S. "Conflicts of Inequity." Computers in the Schools 14, no. 3-4 (January 8, 1999): 137–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j025v14n03_12.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

40

Loehrer, Andrew P., and Thomas C. Tsai. "Perpetuation of Inequity." Annals of Surgery 271, no. 6 (June 2020): 994–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/sla.0000000000003911.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

41

Alston, Margaret. "Rural Welfare Inequity." Rural Society 2, no. 2 (August 1992): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10371656.1992.11005051.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

42

Macqueen, Suzanne Elizabeth. "Grouping for inequity." International Journal of Inclusive Education 17, no. 3 (March 2013): 295–309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13603116.2012.676088.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

43

Rosette, Ashleigh Shelby, and Leigh Plunkett Tost. "Perceiving Social Inequity." Psychological Science 24, no. 8 (June 5, 2013): 1420–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0956797612473608.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

44

Yang, Yang, Sander Onderstal, and Arthur Schram. "Inequity aversion revisited." Journal of Economic Psychology 54 (June 2016): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joep.2015.12.009.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

45

Lowe, Grainne. "Addressing health inequity." Journal for Nurse Practitioners 13, no. 4 (April 2017): 308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nurpra.2017.03.003.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

46

Render, Barry. "Letters: Calculating Inequity." Academe 82, no. 2 (1996): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/40251461.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

47

Dardanoni, Valentino, and Peter Lambert. "Horizontal inequity comparisons." Social Choice and Welfare 18, no. 4 (October 1, 2001): 799–816. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003550000085.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

48

Miner, Kathi N., Jessica M. Walker, Mindy E. Bergman, Vanessa A. Jean, Adrienne Carter-Sowell, Samantha C. January, and Christine Kaunas. "From “Her” Problem to “Our” Problem: Using an Individual Lens Versus a Social-Structural Lens to Understand Gender Inequity in STEM." Industrial and Organizational Psychology 11, no. 2 (June 2018): 267–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/iop.2018.7.

Full text

Abstract:

Increasing the representation of women in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) is one of our nation's most pressing imperatives. As such, there has been increased lay and scholarly attention given to understanding the causes of women's underrepresentation in such fields. These explanations tend to fall into two main groupings: individual-level (i.e., her) explanations and social-structural (i.e., our) explanations. These two perspectives offer different lenses for illuminating the causes of gender inequity in STEM and point to different mechanisms by which to gain gender parity in STEM fields. In this article, we describe these two lenses and provide three examples of how each lens may differentially explain gender inequity in STEM. We argue that the social-structural lens provides a clearer picture of the causes of gender inequity in STEM, including how gaining gender equity in STEM may best be achieved. We then make a call to industrial/organizational psychologists to take a lead in addressing the societal-level causes of gender inequality in STEM.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

49

Gao, Xiaoxue, Hongbo Yu, Ignacio Sáez, Philip R. Blue, Lusha Zhu, Ming Hsu, and Xiaolin Zhou. "Distinguishing neural correlates of context-dependent advantageous- and disadvantageous-inequity aversion." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 115, no. 33 (July 30, 2018): E7680—E7689. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1802523115.

Full text

Abstract:

Humans can integrate social contextual information into decision-making processes to adjust their responses toward inequity. This context dependency emerges when individuals receive more (i.e., advantageous inequity) or less (i.e., disadvantageous inequity) than others. However, it is not clear whether context-dependent processing of advantageous and disadvantageous inequity involves differential neurocognitive mechanisms. Here, we used fMRI to address this question by combining an interactive game that modulates social contexts (e.g., interpersonal guilt) with computational models that enable us to characterize individual weights on inequity aversion. In each round, the participant played a dot estimation task with an anonymous coplayer. The coplayer would receive pain stimulation with 50% probability when either of them responded incorrectly. At the end of each round, the participant completed a variant of dictator game, which determined payoffs for him/herself and the coplayer. Computational modeling demonstrated the context dependency of inequity aversion: when causing pain to the coplayer (i.e., guilt context), participants cared more about the advantageous inequity and became more tolerant of the disadvantageous inequity, compared with other conditions. Consistently, neuroimaging results suggested the two types of inequity were associated with differential neurocognitive substrates. While the context-dependent processing of advantageous inequity was associated with social- and mentalizing-related processes, involving left anterior insula, right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, and dorsomedial prefrontal cortex, the context-dependent processing of disadvantageous inequity was primarily associated with emotion- and conflict-related processes, involving left posterior insula, right amygdala, and dorsal anterior cingulate cortex. These results extend our understanding of decision-making processes related to inequity aversion.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

50

Ahmed, Qazi Masood, and Akhtar Lodhi. "Inter-Governmental Funds Flows in Pakistan: Are they Reducing Poverty?" Pakistan Development Review 48, no. 4II (December 1, 2009): 703–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v48i4iipp.703-714.

Full text

Abstract:

The purpose of this paper is to see whether any link can be found between the inter-governmental fiscal transfers and the deprivation index in the districts of Pakistan. The data for the study was collected from 98 districts of four provinces of Pakistan for the year 2003 and 2007. The results of the study shows the transfers have reduced deprivation across the board but unable to solve disparity issue. In fact the results show the extreme inequality (ratio of maximum to minimum) has increased over time but average disparity (coefficient of variation) gives mixed results. Keywords: Fiscal Federalism, Horizontal Inequity, Vertical Inequity, Intergovernmental Fiscal Transfer.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Journal articles on the topic 'Inequity'

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles