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Lautala, Pasi T., and William J. Sproule. "Rebuilding Railroad Engineering Education in the United States with Industry–University Partnerships." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2109, no. 1 (January 2009): 37–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2109-05.
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Lautala, Pasi T. "What the Railroad Industry Needs and Expects from Higher Education." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2328, no. 1 (January 2013): 32–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2328-05.
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Rail transportation and engineering education in the United States was neglected for decades, from a lack of demand for graduates in the field. However, the increase in freight rail transportation volumes, combined with a growing interest in passenger rail development, has reenergized the academic community. Currently, several universities are either investigating or implementing rail-related activities. Because of the long disconnect between the industry and academia, several challenges have arisen about what the rail industry needs and wants from graduates and universities. Challenges include the quantitative and qualitative demands placed on graduates by the industry as well as industry preference for types of education and the perceived benefits from university education and university–industry collaboration. The educational background of current industry employees and its importance to their career selection are also of interest. This paper reports the outcomes of two online surveys of industry employees to bring light to the aforementioned points. More than 1,000 industry employees participated in the surveys that were conducted in 2006 and 2010. The second survey was conducted as part of a collaborative study between the United States and the European Union, allowing direct comparison of opinions between the U.S. and international workforce.
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Gerbner, George. "Essay Reviews: The Hidden Message in Anti-Violence Public Service Announcements." Harvard Educational Review 65, no. 2 (July 1, 1995): 292–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.17763/haer.65.2.k102244j40633615.
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In this essay, George Gerbner reviews eight television public service announcements (PSAs) that deal with urban violence and are produced by the media conglomerate HBO/Time Warner. Gerbner couches his critique of the PSAs in terms of the historical tension between the commercial nature of television in the United States and broadcasters' mandated role to serve the public. In creating a framework to understand the anti-violence PSAs, Gerbner broadens the discussion to include both the media industry in the United States and the demand for violence television programming in the international marketplace. Although he acknowledges the high production value of the PSAs, Gerbner contends that the race, age, and gender of the characters, as well as the situations depicted, constitute a hidden message of stereotyped violence. Gerbner argues that the images portrayed in the PSAs reflect the type of violence that is presented by the television industry itself, not the kinds of violence that may actually exists in the United States.
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McConomy, Bruce J., and Bixia Xu. "Beijing Biotechnology Company: Financial Reporting Issues of Expansion to the West." Issues in Accounting Education 22, no. 4 (November 1, 2007): 675–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/iace.2007.22.4.675.
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The biotechnology industry has been rapidly expanding both in the United States and around the world. For example, there are approximately 1500 biotechnology firms in the United States with over 300 that are publicly held (http://www.org.). This case examines the biotechnology industry from an international perspective. Beijing Biotechnology Company (BBC) is a medium-sized biotech company that operates in China. It plans to expand via a stock listing on a Western stock exchange such as NASDAQ. The case examines the issues facing BBC as it seeks a Western-based stock listing.
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Au, Wayne, and Jesslyn Hollar. "Opting Out of the Education Reform Industry." Monthly Review 67, no. 10 (March 3, 2016): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.14452/mr-067-10-2016-03_3.
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Big business has long been enamored of public education. Whether shaping systems of schooling along the lines of factory production, dictating what children should learn, or cultivating private-public partnerships to gain access to government monies, corporations and their owners have insisted on being key players in the formation of education policy and practice in the United States. Analysts estimate the value of the K-12 education market at more than $700 billion dollars. Beyond their calls for students and workers to adapt to the global capitalist economy through increased competition and "accountability" in public schools, business leaders crave access to a publicly funded, potentially lucrative market—one of the last strongholds of the commons to be penetrated by neoliberalism.… In an education industry dependent on market competition to increase profitability, there is no better tool to turn teaching and learning into products—ready to measure, compare, and sell—than the high-stakes standardized tests championed by the contemporary education reform movement.<p class="mrlink"><p class="mrpurchaselink"><a href="http://monthlyreview.org/index/volume-67-number-10" title="Vol. 67, No. 10: March 2016" target="_self">Click here to purchase a PDF version of this article at the <em>Monthly Review</em> website.</a></p>
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Beckett, L. M., B. K. Behe, C. F. Deneke, and C. H. Gilliam. "CHARACTERISTICS OF THE HERBACEOUS PERENNIAL PLANT INDUSTRY IN THE UNITED STATES." HortScience 27, no. 6 (June 1992): 606d—606. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.27.6.606d.
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There are indications that the U.S. herbaceous perennial plant industry has grown substantially in the last decade. Government census data on perennials is sparse, very general, and collected infrequently. The objective of this research was to define characteristics of the herbaceous perennial plant industry. Questionnaires were sent to members of the Perennial Plant Association in 1990. We requested that the person who made decisions on a daily basis, the owner or active manager, respond. Of 439 surveys distributed, 147 were returned for a 33.5% response rate. The average owner or active manager had a high education level (16 years) which was combined with management experience in at least one other company. Firms sold a mean of 30 genera of perennials. Firms selling primarily perennials were younger and more likely to have less total sales than firms selling primarily other plant products. Firms marketing primarily perennials were more likely to sell products by mail and offer a wider selection of genera.
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Shelbourn, M., J. Macdonald, T. McCuen, and S. Lee. "Students’ perceptions of BIM education in the higher education sector." Industry and Higher Education 31, no. 5 (September 8, 2017): 293–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0950422217725962.
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The use of building information modelling (BIM) has increased in the global architecture, engineering, construction and owner-operated (AECO) industries. This increased use has contributed to a recognition by project stakeholders of its importance across the building life cycle, leading higher education institutions to rethink their AECO provisions. There has been much debate about how BIM should be employed in undergraduate curricula: should it be included as a stand-alone subject in a programme or as an underlying theme across the programme? Research has also been conducted into theories of practice with regard to BIM education. This article builds on previous research in the codeBIM project and describes students’ perceptions of current practice in the United States and the United Kingdom. The article begins with a literature review of current theories of BIM teaching in AECO and a summary of good practice. The use of focus groups is described and the findings from focus group sessions held in the United Kingdom and the United States are discussed. The authors identify six key areas required for BIM to be inclusive in higher education: collaborative curricula, space, teamwork, relevance to the industry, technical/technological skills and the role of the professor or lecturer. Each of these areas is discussed in light of the findings from the focus groups.
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Goldin, Claudia, and Lawrence F. Katz. "The Shaping of Higher Education: The Formative Years in the United States, 1890 to 1940." Journal of Economic Perspectives 13, no. 1 (February 1, 1999): 37–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/jep.13.1.37.
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The authors trace the origins of the key features of U.S. higher education today--the coexistence of small liberal arts colleges and large research universities; the substantial share of enrollment in the public sector; and varying levels of support provided by the states. These features began to materialize soon after 1890 when the ‘knowledge industry’ was subjected to ‘technological shocks’ that increased the value of research to industry and government and led to the proliferation of academic disciplines. The consequence was an increase in the scale and scope of institutions of higher education and a relative expansion of public-sector institutions.
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Friese, Greg, John C. Hendee, and Mike Kinziger. "The Wilderness Experience Program Industry in the United States: Characteristics and Dynamics." Journal of Experiential Education 21, no. 1 (May 1998): 40–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/105382599802100109.
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Wilderness experience programs (WEPs) are organizations that conduct outdoor programs in wilderness or comparable lands for purposes of personal growth, therapy, rehabilitation, education, or leadership/organizational development. More than 700 potential WEPs were identified through search of multiple sources and then surveyed, with promotional materials and response forms received from 70 percent of them. From these data WEPs are characterized as to the number of trips offered per year, number of clientele served, kind of areas used, a typology to categorize how they used the wilderness was developed — whether as a teacher or as a classroom, and a directory of WEPs was compiled. Dynamics of the WEP industry are inferred from these data, other studies, and the literature.
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Swift, Andrew, Suzanne Tegen, Tom Acker, James Manwell, Chris Pattison, and Jon McGowan. "Graduate and undergraduate university programs in wind energy in the United States." Wind Engineering 43, no. 1 (December 24, 2018): 35–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0309524x18818665.
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Advances in wind energy technology and continued expansion of wind energy into the United States and global electricity grids will depend upon an educated and skilled workforce. While wind energy technician programs at community colleges or vocational schools have prospered in the United States over the past decade, partially due to the high demand for wind technicians, university programs that prepare graduates pursuing baccalaureate and advanced graduate degrees have lagged behind. At the same time, European university programs in wind energy have flourished, providing experts with advanced degrees who are then employed worldwide by the global wind energy industry. According to a projection of wind industry jobs needed in the U.S. Department of Energy’s Wind Vision report1 and estimates of education level requirements for jobs, as provided in this article, the United States may need more than 50,000 university-educated professionals with advanced degrees to support wind energy development by 2030. To provide these professionals, the number of wind energy academic programs must increase significantly beyond those available today—a task that will require collaboration among universities and external support from both industry and government. This article provides a review of the growing need for a university graduate-level-educated wind energy workforce, an overview of the current domestic wind energy workforce picture, existing global and domestic university wind energy programs, and recommendations for university-level wind energy education programs in the United States.
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Kling, Gary J., Mark E. Zampardo, and Christopher P. Lindsey. "UIPLANTS: A Software Program for the Landscape Industry and Horticulture Education." HortTechnology 6, no. 4 (October 1996): 337–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.6.4.337.
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UIPLANTS is a computer-based reference to help identify, culture, and use woody landscape plants for the northern and central United States. The program provides a comprehensive reference to serve the educational and professional communities with more than 8000 high-quality color images and textual descriptions of more than 900 species and cultivars. Special features include a highly flexible slide show and the ability to compare any two images side by side. Student activity can be tracked, creating detailed logs of student use patterns and times.
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Spiller, Lisa D., Dae-Hee Kim, and Troy Aitken. "Sales Education in the United States: Perspectives on Curriculum and Teaching Practices." Journal of Marketing Education 42, no. 3 (May 31, 2019): 217–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0273475319852756.
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Based on the industry need to hire qualified salespeople, a call to expand sales education at universities has been continuously echoed. This article provides an updated overview of the sales education landscape in the United States and offers insight into both the curriculum offerings and the practices of marketing educators who teach sales courses at colleges and universities with sales programs. This research assesses the current state of sales education by critically evaluating recently published sales education literature, reviewing university websites of the University Sales Center Alliance members located in the United States, surveying professors who are members of the Sales Educators Foundation and/or the University Sales Center Alliance, and examining sales course syllabi of sales faculty. This article describes the findings of these research investigations. Understanding the pedagogical choices, teaching practices and perspectives on curriculum of the educators of leading sales programs is valuable to those educators contemplating launching a sales program at their respective universities.
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Chauhan, Amisha, Shikha Baghel Chauhan, and Sakshi Nainwani. "The Review on Cosmetic Regulation: Quality Education." ECS Transactions 107, no. 1 (April 24, 2022): 241–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/10701.0241ecst.
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The cosmetics industry is undergoing substantial transformations all over the world. It has grown dramatically over the world, providing a means for a person to alter his or her appearance and make a product instantly noticeable and appealing. To accomplish effective promoting, one must consider a variety of factors. Today's cosmetic industry or market takes use of cutting-edge technology to create new cosmetic agents with enhanced qualities. Trend for cosmetics is getting elevated each passing day, hence enormous growth is encountered in the cosmetic market globally. If we talk about legislation of the cosmetic industries nowadays then they are kind of stringent all over the globe. There are different regulatory bodies globally with their own rules and regulation regarding cosmetics. The major market for cosmetics is in United states and in European Union, and all other developing countries ideally look the regulation of these developed countries as a role model. Despite of all the differences in regulatory bodies their aim is somewhat similar which is to ensure the safety, efficacy, and stability of the product. So, in this article we are going to study about the various differences which are present regarding the regulatory bodies and rules and regulation among India, United States and European Union.
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Brzuszek, Robert F., and Richard L. Harkess. "Green Industry Survey of Native Plant Marketing in the Southeastern United States." HortTechnology 19, no. 1 (January 2009): 168–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.19.1.168.
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Recent studies have shown that the use of native plants by landscape architects and contractors in the southeastern United States has increased as has the clientele interest level in native plants. Recommendations to increase the use of native species by the landscape industry in this region include increasing the number of nurseries carrying native plants and the quantities and species currently available. To understand how green industry professionals view the opportunities and constraints of the current southeastern United States native plant market and to synthesize the connections between landscape architect's demands and the supplies of the nursery industry in this region, a questionnaire was developed and e-mailed to southeastern U.S. wholesale and retail nurseries in six states. The survey included questions regarding nursery stock, demand, and species sold. A total of 129 responses were received, and they revealed that while there is a perceived increase in customer interest in native plants, market demand and enhanced public education play a key role in further development of this growing market.
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Klimuk, Vladimir, Anna Tarasova, Kuznetsova Yulia, and Dzhabrailova Laura. "Synergistic interaction of education, science, and industry." Leadership, Education, Personality: An Interdisciplinary Journal 2, no. 1 (April 29, 2020): 53–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1365/s42681-020-00009-y.
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Abstract Economic and social development of a country rely on advanced science and technology, skilled, educated workforce, extensive growth of innovation and population density. The process of innovation creation can be long and winding and should take into account the needs of technological development and definitely bring benefits to business. The concept of a science park has not been new. The United States of America were pioneers who in early 1950s suggested a brand new model for bridging the gap between academia and industry. Nowadays developed countries employ that model, though its objectives, funds, inputs and outcomes may vary. This paper will focus of the issue of real interaction of institutions of education, science and industry and will raise a number of controversial issues in the correction of the vector for socio-economic modernization. The authors analyzed a set of legislation acts on regulating the cooperation of academia and business. The paper gives a graphical model of reciprocity of institutions of education, science, and industry taking into account the interests of public authorities, and offers a set of additional indicators of evaluation of the efficiency of functioning of an innovation structure in the country (region).
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Choi, Sang D., and John Staley. "Safety and Health Implications of COVID-19 on the United States Construction Industry." Industrial and Systems Engineering Review 9, no. 1 (April 9, 2021): 56–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.37266/iser.2021v9i1.pp56-67.
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The construction industry is an essential U.S. business sector, yet it suffers from an elevated risk for work-related fatalities and injuries. The COVID-19 pandemic has only exacerbated this risk, as well as shone a light on the severe economic/financial/labor burdens and safety/health concerns the sector has faced. As such, the purpose of this review paper is to synthesize the safety and health issues associated with COVID-19 pandemic in the construction industry, and summarize the challenges and opportunities for construction stakeholders in implementing COVID-19 safety and health measures in the construction industry. This paper has explored the challenges in construction and COVID-19; COVID-19 knowledge, preventative behaviors, and risk perception among construction workers; recommendations/practical implications/preventive measures; and COVID-19 education in compliance/guidance, strategies to combat impacts of COVID-19 pandemic, smart digital technologies, and worker wellbeing and work-related quality of life (e.g., mental health). It is warranted that the construction industry needs to take better steps in preparing for future, man-made or natural disaster events, and subsequent acute and chronic disease risk, in order to yield a healthier/safer construction workplace.
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Abels, Patricia, Ha Duy Mong Nguyen, Hiroaki Kawamura, and Masahiro Chikada. "s Global Quality Assurance System of Higher Education in United States, Vietnam and Japan Possible?" European Journal of Educational Sciences 8, no. 3 (September 30, 2021): 63–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/ejes.v8no3a63.
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Higher education has jumped into the quality movement with expectations of enhancing the excellence of education being received by students. The total quality management philosophy that dominated the manufacturing industry has found its way into the education industry. W. Edwards Deming developed a set of 14 quality management principles, which can be applied to the education sector (Hughey, 2000; Prasad, 2017). Accreditation is a mechanism to inform the employers, the public and students that a university or program has met the minimum standards for quality. The injection of accountability and accreditation into the educational system has raised the expectations of an institution. External accreditation has been growing worldwide in importance. This paper looks at the development of accreditation within the United States, Vietnam, and Japan. An educational curriculum was seen to be a pillar needed for growth for each country. It became apparent that all three countries realize the importance of quality and are heavily involved in the assessment process. There are some differences in who controls the curriculum and the assessment process. However, continuous improvement is universally shared among the three countries. Developing an understanding of the accreditation process will contribute to the literature surrounding accreditation and quality assurance.
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Tignor*, Milton E., Gene A. Giacomelli, Tracy A. Irani, Chieri Kubota, Margaret J. McMahon, Sandra B. Wilson, and David A. Heleba. "Multimedia Instrument for Greenhouse Education: Establishing Potential Clientele." HortScience 39, no. 4 (July 2004): 809D—810. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.39.4.809d.
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Currently, in the United States, the greenhouse industry covers more than 15,000 acres and is supported by a diverse number of firms with employee expertise that includes greenhouse manufacturing, engineering, irrigation, horticulture, IPM, sales, marketing, and business management. The growing greenhouse industry continues to be in need of highly trained undergraduates that have mastered an amalgam of scientific and business concepts necessary to be competitive in today's agricultural marketplace. Using a multidisciplinary approach we are creating a multimedia instrument for utilization in a variety of greenhouse related courses. This instrument ultimately will be available on the web for anyone to access. To ensure that our vision matches need, we have reviewed the courses offered throughout the United States at 1862, 1890, and 1994 land grant institutions. Course information collected includes; college, Dept., title, level, description, website (if available) and instructor e-mail (if available). Interestingly, there are at least 84 courses offering some aspect of greenhouse science in the U.S. Most are offered in Colleges of Agriculture or Engineering, but are housed in 17 diverse Dept.s. Examples include Dept.s of Horticulture; Agronomy and Horticulture; Agricultural Biosystems and Engineering; Plant, Soil, and Entomological Science; and Horticulture, Forestry, Landscape & Parks. This information will be utilized to focus the instructional design phase of the multimedia instrument, to contact current course instructors for feedback, and to frame future development of the resource.
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Hahn, Christopher J., and Jeanine E. Gangeness. "Business, Leadership And Education: A Case For More Business Engagement In Higher Education." American Journal of Business Education (AJBE) 12, no. 1 (January 1, 2019): 19–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/ajbe.v12i1.10251.
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Institutions of higher education prepare and develop students for the workforce, and in the coming decade, the challenge of workforce preparation will increase as the current workforce is retiring during a time of economic growth. Traditional higher education practice tasks faculty with developing appropriate curricula for students that will adequately prepare them for employment and leadership within an organization, but often this development lacks direct industry input into course content and design resulting in a gap between industry needs and graduate skills. This study addresses both current and perceived future educational and leadership needs of a workforce in an 11 county region in the north central United States. It explores potential strategies for mitigating the skills gap as it relates to organizational leadership skills, the evolving roles of faculty, and curriculum design and application, and develops a community alliance model for business, leadership, and education.
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Pereira, A. B. D., A. F. Brito, L. L. Townson, and D. H. Townson. "Assessing the research and education needs of the organic dairy industry in the northeastern United States." Journal of Dairy Science 96, no. 11 (November 2013): 7340–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.2013-6690.
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Levin, John S. "In Education and in Work: The Globalized Community College." Canadian Journal of Higher Education 32, no. 2 (August 31, 2002): 47–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.47678/cjhe.v32i2.183411.
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This is a multiple case study of seven colleges using field methods research to examine institutional life and organizational context. This study determines that community colleges in both Canada and the United States exhibited educational and work behaviors in the 1990s consistent with the globalization process. Education was oriented to the marketplace, and the needs of business and industry received high priority in educational programming. Work within these institutions was valued for and carried out with economic ends: to realize productivity and efficiency.
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Warren, Kenneth. "The Politics of Industry." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part B: Journal of Engineering Manufacture 206, no. 3 (August 1992): 151–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/pime_proc_1992_206_069_02.
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From a career in the aeronautical and electronics industry, rising from the shop floor and university to management, Kenneth Warren entered Parliament in 1970. During his time in Parliament he has been Chairman of the Conservative Back-Bench Aviation Committee and of the Western European Union's Science and Technology Committee. For four years he was Parliamentary Private Secretary to Sir Keith Joseph in the Department of Trade and Industry and then Education and Science. Currently he is Chairman of the British Russian Parliamentary Group as well as the Select Committee on Trade and Industry. Having visited some eighty countries, led parliamentary delegations overseas on a number of occasions and contributed papers at technical conferences in the United Kingdom, the United States, Holland, France, Japan and Hungary, he has a world-wide interest in the development of engineering and markets for technology. Communication between industry and politics and vice versa is not at the level of quality required in a major supplier/customer relationship. The author will develop a thesis on how this interface can be eroded. He will base his lecture on a background of international experience in politics and industry, including the Chairmanship of the Select Committee on Trade and Industry and as one of the four qualified engineers in the House of Commons.
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Boundy-Mills, Kyria, Matthias Hess, A. Rick Bennett, Matthew Ryan, Seogchan Kang, David Nobles, Jonathan A. Eisen, et al. "The United States Culture Collection Network (USCCN): Enhancing Microbial Genomics Research through Living Microbe Culture Collections." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 81, no. 17 (June 19, 2015): 5671–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.01176-15.
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ABSTRACTThe mission of the United States Culture Collection Network (USCCN;http://usccn.org) is “to facilitate the safe and responsible utilization of microbial resources for research, education, industry, medicine, and agriculture for the betterment of human kind.” Microbial culture collections are a key component of life science research, biotechnology, and emerging global biobased economies. Representatives and users of several microbial culture collections from the United States and Europe gathered at the University of California, Davis, to discuss how collections of microorganisms can better serve users and stakeholders and to showcase existing resources available in public culture collections.
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Petrovskaya, N. E. "Wages in the U.S. Manufacturing industry." Upravlenie 7, no. 2 (August 8, 2019): 95–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.26425/2309-3633-2019-2-95-103.
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Based on data from official American statistics, the issue of wages in the United States of America manufacturing industry has been considered. This study is an important area of study of modern social and economic problems of the United States. Manufacturing plays an important role in the economy of the US, because it creates a material basis for all other industries. The trends and problems in this area have been revealed in the article. For a comprehensive analysis a systematic approach, economic-statistical and logical research methods have been used in the paper. A comprehensive study of wages in the most important sectors of the national economy has been carried out, based on data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics of the US Department of Labor. Separate attention has been paid to the category of “production workers”, whose share is about 70%. The statistical data on the average annual wage of production workers by industry according to the NAICS have been adduced. The significance of the manufacturing industry in creating, maintaining and returning jobs for the US economy has been shown.The difference in wages depending on the level of education, work experience and profession has been analyzed. The data on the highest paid industrial professions have been adduced. The uneven distribution of the manufacturing industry by states has been shown. It has been noted, that the reduction in the coverage of the trade union movement of American workers is another factor, affecting the level of wages. The correlation between production volume and Gini Coefficient in the USA in the period from 1947 to 2014 has been presented in the article. It has been noticed, that the growth of inequality in the US income and the decline of the manufacturing industry are interrelated.
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Thompson, Christopher, Joseph Sanchez, Michael Smith, Judy Costello, Amrita Madabushi, Natasha Schuh-Nuhfer, Rommel Miranda, et al. "Improving Undergraduate Life Science Education for the Biosciences Workforce: Overcoming the Disconnect between Educators and Industry." CBE—Life Sciences Education 17, no. 3 (September 2018): es12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1187/cbe.18-03-0047.
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The BioHealth Capital Region (Maryland, Virginia, and Washington, DC; BHCR) is flush with colleges and universities training students in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics disciplines and has one of the most highly educated workforces in the United States. However, current educational approaches and business recruitment tactics are not drawing sufficient talent to sustain the bioscience workforce pipeline. Surveys conducted by the Mid-Atlantic Biology Research and Career Network identified a disconnect between stakeholders who are key to educating, training, and hiring college and university graduates, resulting in several impediments to workforce development in the BHCR: 1) students are underinformed or unaware of bioscience opportunities before entering college and remain so at graduation; 2) students are not job ready at the time of graduation; 3) students are mentored to pursue education beyond what is needed and are therefore overqualified (by degree) for most of the available jobs in the region; 4) undergraduate programs generally lack any focus on workforce development; and 5) few industry–academic partnerships with undergraduate institutions exist in the region. The reality is that these issues are neither surprising nor restricted to the BHCR. Recommendations are presented to facilitate improvement in the preparation of graduates for today’s bioscience industries throughout the United States.
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Huntsberger, Michael W. "Community media in the United States: Fostering pluralism and inclusivity in challenging times." Interactions: Studies in Communication & Culture 11, no. 2 (July 1, 2020): 191–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/iscc_00018_1.
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For most Americans, public service media (PSM) are synonymous with National Public Radio for radio and audio and Public Broadcasting Service for television and video. However, these national services do not fully circumscribe the PSM sphere in the United States. US community media are non-commercial, locally controlled outlets that produce content intended for local audiences, most often focused on local concerns associated with housing, education, government and the arts. This study provides an overview of the present state of community media in the United States. It draws on a variety of sources, including data from the industry, and from the professional press, as well as a series of extensive informational interviews with community media leaders around the United States. The subjects include representatives from community radio and community television outlets that serve urban, suburban and rural markets. After compiling and analysing the quantitative and qualitative data, several key indicators emerge that help to describe the current state of community media in the United States and point towards challenges and opportunities ahead for the sector.
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Cater, John James, Brent D. Beal, and Lorna A. Collins. "The changing paradigm of fair trade social entrepreneurship in the United States." Management Decision 54, no. 7 (August 15, 2016): 1732–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/md-01-2016-0029.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine why social entrepreneurs in the USA choose to operate an entirely fair trade business and the factors that affect fair trade social entrepreneurship. Fair trade seeks to benefit producers in developing countries by providing a market for their goods in developed countries. Fair trade enables all parties in the supply chain to make living wages and/or a profit. Design/methodology/approach – Using a qualitative multiple case study approach of social entrepreneurs in 35 US fair trade companies, the authors develop a model and nine propositions to explain the findings. Findings – The authors identify three primary motivational factors (ethical belief, religious faith, and business values), four contributory factors that strengthen fair trade engagement (family member involvement, the trend toward for profit status, industry professionalism, and consumer education), and three negative factors that work to discourage involvement (loss of identity, lack of industry consensus, and the shortage of retailers). The authors conclude by using the findings to consider the future of US fair trade social entrepreneurship. Research limitations/implications – The authors recognize limitations due to the sample size. Practical implications – The authors believe that fair trade is worthy of further study and increased awareness. Social implications – Increased awareness of fair trade may lead to better consumer buying decisions. Originality/value – The authors contribute to the development of theory in the study of fair trade, which has rarely been studied in the context of US social entrepreneurs.
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Hegarty, Niall. "Where We Are Now –The Presence and Importance of International Students to Universities in the United States." Journal of International Students 4, no. 3 (July 1, 2014): 223–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.32674/jis.v4i3.462.
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This paper highlights the importance of international students to the United States by discussing their impact and necessity to U.S. universities. International student enrollment is a major industry of importance to the U.S. economy and despite arduous visa processes and diminished job prospects their enrollment numbers continue to grow. The Institute of International Education (2012) reports that a lack of funding to public universities has increased their reliance on the revenue provided by international students while private universities also seek to bolster their position in the face of increased international competition. The importance of international students in under-enrolled majors, their necessity as a vital revenue stream for universities and the challenges faced by both student and host university are also discussed. The author provides recommendations for improving the educational experience of international students through improved relationships with university constituents in order to maintain the attractiveness and competitiveness of the U.S.
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Zaharia, Noni, and Anastasios Kaburakis. "Bridging the Gap: U.S. Sport Managers on Barriers to Industry–Academia Research Collaboration." Journal of Sport Management 30, no. 3 (May 2016): 248–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsm.2015-0010.
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Collaboration between industry and academia is a subject of great interest to sport management academics and sport industry leaders in the United States. However, there is a lack of research regarding barriers to sport industry–academia collaborations and bridging the gap between sport management research and practitioners. The aim of the study was to explore trends in collaboration barriers among various research involvement levels of U.S. sport firms with sport management academia. Data were gathered from 303 sport managers working for U.S. sport companies. Results indicated several barriers for research collaborations between the U.S. sport industry and academia. Such barriers include transactional barriers, sport industry subsectors, sport organizations’ location, and age and education level of respondents.
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Paez, Sergio. "Urban Education: High-Quality Education, the Economic Impact it Generates, and the Tragedy of Urban Education in the United States of America." Global Business & Economics Anthology Volume II, December 2021 (December 30, 2021): 103–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.47341/21128.
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Education is an investment in improving the quality of life for individuals, and therefore benefiting society in general. Education in the United States of America exemplifies a correlation between the level of an individual's education, their salary level due to those academic qualifications, and the impact they generate within themselves, their families, society, and within the nation. This contemporary study of education in the U.S. shows how a community in an urban center of Massachusetts made fundamental changes to transform the education of its students who historically experienced school failure. This exceptional case of leadership and altruism was accomplished with intensive influence from the State Government. This case can be the basis for educational initiatives that can have relevance and social impact anywhere in the world. At a global level, we can see that a society with high levels of education, based on knowledge and academic training, stands out for the multiple opportunities that arise to obtain a higher quality of life. The outcomes of a good education are beneficial to the growth of an entire society. Societies benefit from advances in technological and economic fields, health systems, construction and accessible housing, industry, commerce, and even social security.
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Posadas, Benedict C., Patricia R. Knight, Christine E. H. Coker, Randal Y. Coker, and Scott A. Langlois. "Hiring Preferences of Nurseries and Greenhouses in U.S. Southern States." HortTechnology 24, no. 1 (February 2014): 107–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.24.1.107.
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This work describes workers’ socioeconomic characteristics and evaluates the determinants of workers hiring decisions among 215 randomly selected wholesale nurseries and greenhouses located in eight selected southern states in the United States. The participating nurseries and greenhouses employed on average 5.40 permanent workers per horticulture operation or 2.27 permanent workers per acre under cultivation. Participating nurseries and greenhouses hired an average 2.38 part-time workers per horticulture operation or 0.80 part-time workers per acre placed under production. Empirical models were estimated to determine the significant factors affecting hiring decisions by this industry. Hiring decision models covered age groups, racial backgrounds, formal education levels, and gender. Analysis of the decision-making process involving the employment of hired workers among the participating wholesale nurseries and greenhouses provided insights into the hiring decisions in the industry. The hiring decisions by demographic characteristics serve as benchmarks for assessing impacts of regulations affecting the industry in the near future. About 1.9% of all the establishments employed more than 50 permanent and part-time workers and 1.4% employed more than 50 permanent workers.
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Chen, Peng, and Carsten Schmidtke. "Humanistic Elements in the Educational Practice at a United States Sub-Baccalaureate Technical College." International Journal for Research in Vocational Education and Training 4, no. 2 (August 31, 2017): 117–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.13152/ijrvet.4.2.2.
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Humanism has never been able to establish a firm place in technical education, which remains predominantly pragmatist in response to industry needs, certification requirements and educational standardisation. However, after a period of decline, humanism has made somewhat of a comeback as part of the movement toward student-centred education. Research conducted at a technical college showed that although . This research indicated that including humanistic elements in educational practice will enable instructors to be more effective in helping students to develop skills in relation to team work, problem-solving, systems improvement, lifelong learning and other areas that are becoming increasingly necessary for success in the workplace. The include a constructivist approach with a focus on contextual teaching and learning using situated cognition, cognitive apprenticeships, anchored instruction and authentic assessment. At the same time, some suggestions for improving professional development for teachers by using a Gestalt approach along with self-study in the context of learning communities have been discussed.
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Frehner, Brian. "“Hand-Me-Down Habitats”." Boyhood Studies 15, no. 1-2 (December 1, 2022): 48–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/bhs.2022.15010204.
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During the 1970s, young boys rode their bicycles more frequently and in greater numbers than at any other time in the United States’ past. Bicycle riding and racing became so popular in the 1970s that boys fashioned a culture of BMX, also known as bicycle motocross. The style of bicycles and riding that BMXers fashioned quickly grew from a niche within the industry into the most common form of bicycling in the United States. The 1970s has been dubbed the decade of the “bike boom” by industry publications and by historians who have written on the subject. Many factors likely contributed to the increased number of bicycle riders and sales. Most explanations of the increase tend to emphasize the political, economic, and environmental concerns of adults and neglect the role that younger people played in the boom.
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McKeen, Juliana Pinto. "Mind the Gap: Addressing Childcare Inequalities for Children and Caregivers." Columbia Social Work Review 19, no. 1 (May 4, 2021): 44–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.52214/cswr.v19i1.7591.
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Formal childcare has been in crisis since its inception. Attempts at regulation and uniformity have been inadequate and culturally insensitive. Seen as a women’s issue, it is rarely at the forefront of policy. The topic has recently gripped the national stage due to the ramifications of the COVID-19 pandemic on the childcare industry and its effect on the middle class. While white families who struggle for childcare are currently receiving more attention, Black women and other women of color have been unsupported by the industry. The inadequacy of childcare in the United States upholds racism and sexism. The intersectionality of gender, race, and socioeconomic status plays a large part in the inequitable experiences for Black and Brown children and childcare workers in the United States. The lack of progress in this arena has stifled generations of children, given that research shows quality early childhood education is an optimal vehicle for upward mobility and is correlated with more stable and prosperous adulthoods.
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Murray, Emily, Susan McLeod, Jessica Biesiekierski, Ashley Ng, Sharon Croxford, Emma Stirling, Andrea Bramley, and Adrienne Forsyth. "Employability initiatives in undergraduate education and application to human nutrition: A scoping review." Journal of Teaching and Learning for Graduate Employability 11, no. 1 (June 16, 2020): 63–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.21153/jtlge2020vol11no1art901.
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Human nutrition is a growing field with an increasing job market and high demand for university study, yet graduates report feeling underprepared for and unaware of potential job opportunities. This scoping review aimed to identify employment initiatives used in undergraduate programs to support an evidence-based approach to the development of future initiatives for human nutrition courses. The scoping review following PRISMA-ScR criteria was initially conducted in October 2018 and updated in April 2020. Search terms were selected to identify studies that reported on employability or work-readiness embedded within the course curriculum for undergraduate students. Fourteen papers met the eligibility criteria. Papers included were from Australia (9), United Kingdom (2), United States (1), New Zealand (1) and Germany (1). Papers described initiatives fitting broad categories of placements, project-based industry collaboration, practice-based eLearning, mentoring and building graduate attributes. Placements were the most common type of initiative and project-based industry collaboration demonstrated the highest levels of student and employer satisfaction. The success of initiatives was often attributed to incorporating diverse approaches to real-world, problem-solving skills. Mentoring and eLearning were used to promote employability soft skills, while industry-based placements provided students with practical experience. Placement in specific workplace settings should be representative of the diverse job options for nutrition graduates. Human nutrition degrees should consider incorporating strategies that develop soft skills and project-based skills while exposing students to diverse workplace settings within industry.
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Murray, Emily, Susan McLeod, Jessica Biesiekierski, Ashley Ng, Sharon Croxford, Emma Stirling, Andrea Bramley, and Adrienne Forsyth. "Employability initiatives in undergraduate education and application to human nutrition: A scoping review." Journal of Teaching and Learning for Graduate Employability 11, no. 1 (June 16, 2020): 63–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.21153/jtlge2020vol11no1art921.
Full textAbstract:
Human nutrition is a growing field with an increasing job market and high demand for university study, yet graduates report feeling underprepared for and unaware of potential job opportunities. This scoping review aimed to identify employment initiatives used in undergraduate programs to support an evidence-based approach to the development of future initiatives for human nutrition courses. The scoping review following PRISMA-ScR criteria was initially conducted in October 2018 and updated in April 2020. Search terms were selected to identify studies that reported on employability or work-readiness embedded within the course curriculum for undergraduate students. Fourteen papers met the eligibility criteria. Papers included were from Australia (9), United Kingdom (2), United States (1), New Zealand (1) and Germany (1). Papers described initiatives fitting broad categories of placements, project-based industry collaboration, practice-based eLearning, mentoring and building graduate attributes. Placements were the most common type of initiative and project-based industry collaboration demonstrated the highest levels of student and employer satisfaction. The success of initiatives was often attributed to incorporating diverse approaches to real-world, problem-solving skills. Mentoring and eLearning were used to promote employability soft skills, while industry-based placements provided students with practical experience. Placement in specific workplace settings should be representative of the diverse job options for nutrition graduates. Human nutrition degrees should consider incorporating strategies that develop soft skills and project-based skills while exposing students to diverse workplace settings within industry.
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Varma, Roli. "U.S. Science and Engineering Workforce: Underrepresentation of Women and Minorities." American Behavioral Scientist 62, no. 5 (April 10, 2018): 692–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002764218768847.
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Increasingly, industrial leaders, governmental officials, and academic scholars have become concerned whether the United States can successfully compete in science and engineering (S&E) fields. This is when employment in S&E jobs has grown faster than employment in all occupations in the United States. It is proposed that the United States has not been able to build its S&E human capital necessary for technological innovations and economic growth. Women and minorities are seen as essential to fill the perceived gap. There is a higher representation of women in S&E education and occupations. Yet overall demographics of S&E fields have remained unchanged. The U.S. technology industry has been progressively employing workers from foreign countries to meet their S&E internal workforce needs. Many have been outsourcing the work to developing countries, namely China and India. This article shows that technology companies that embrace the United States’s changing demographics would gain the economic benefits from a diverse S&E workforce.
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Cohen, Yinon. "Socioeconomic Dualism: The Case of Israeli-born Immigrants in the United States." International Migration Review 23, no. 2 (June 1989): 267–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/019791838902300205.
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Relying on the 1980 U. S. Census of Foreign-Born Population and the 1979 INS Public Use File, this article compares Israeli-born Americans (including Arabs) to both the United States and Israeli populations with respect to age, marital status, unemployment, education, industry, occupation and income as of 1979–80. Some of the results, mainly those pertaining to the demographic and socioeconomic characteristics of Israeli immigrants as compared to their society of origin, corroborate previous research. Thus, Israeli-born immigrants in the United States held top white-collar jobs and were less likely to be unemployed than the rest of the Israeli labor force. Once in America, however, it seems that not all Israeli-born Americans are as successful as portrayed by past research. In fact, the Census data reveal occupational and economic dualism among the population of Israeli-born Americans. The reasons for this dualism are discussed.
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Moiseienko, M. V., and N. V. Moiseienko. "Integration of education, science and industry on the basis of cloud technologies: world experience." CTE Workshop Proceedings 1 (March 21, 2013): 10–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.55056/cte.61.
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When developing system software tools for research, researchers need access to full-scale distributed data centers. In some countries, such as the United States, Amazon, Google, IBM, and Microsoft services are provided to researchers at the expense of the National Science Foundation budget. However, such programs are focused on application software developers, and the problem of access to such resources has not been solved for specialists in the field of system software development engaged in the creation of hardware and software infrastructures. One of the initiatives to create a cloud infrastructure open to researchers was the OpenCirrus project, aimed at creating an open test bed based on distributed data centers to support developers working in the field of creating application and system clouds.
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Madina, Ibragimova. "Opportunities and prospects of international experience in the organization of educational tourism." American Journal of Economics and Business Management 2, no. 2 (June 2, 2019): 15–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.31150/ajebm.vol2.iss2.65.
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This article explores the experience of educational tourism organizations in countries such as the European Union, Asia and the United States, internationally recognized educational tourism services companies, and is recommended to use it to expand access to education, science and industry in Uzbekistan. The author describes the ways in which globalization of globalization processes in Uzbekistan can be facilitated by the development of mutually advantageous interaction between education and tourism in the two areas - and the benefits of this link.
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Sagheb, Shahabedin, Katie Walkup, and Robert Smith. "Project-Based Development as a Model for Transdisciplinary Research and Education." Journal of Systemics, Cybernetics and Informatics 20, no. 5 (October 2022): 17–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.54808/jsci.20.05.17.
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Project-based educational environment that focuses on real-world problems and crosssector collaboration instills students' learning pathways with the proficiency to move from the domain-specific to the domain-general knowledge. We conceptualize a project-based curriculum model as central to undergraduate education. Focusing on iterative design and development during each year of the undergraduate degree allows for further enrichment of the undergraduate curriculum. We present a case study of a project-based model in action within Virginia Tech, a large public polytechnic university in the United States. Working with seventy-five industry partners serving as project mentors and twenty-seven transdisciplinary faculty, we discuss methodology key to ensure student learning and project outcomes within this model, including embedding industry partners within project teams, developing transdisciplinary project teams, and encouraging just-in-time implementation of disciplinary knowledge.
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Sheel, Atul. "The Relationship Between Dividend Yields and Common Equity Returns for Hotel and Lodging Firms in the United Kingdom, the United States, and Japan: Some Empirical Evidence." Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research 22, no. 1 (February 1998): 84–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/109634809802200108.
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Dividend policies of hotel and lodging firms are often constrained by various restrictive debt covenants. Such restrictions are imposed by institutional lenders as protective measures, especially when the financial and operating leverage trends in a specific industry group are very high. Given such restrictions and constrained dividend payouts, the question of “dividend relevance” has special importance for firms in the hotel and lodging industry. This research is a cross-sectional analysis of the dividend/return relationship for hotel and lodging firms in three major G7 markets, namely, the United Kingdom, the United States, and Japan. Although empirical findings suggest a positive nonlinear dividend/return relationship for hotel and lodging firms in these countries, they also reveal the presence of distinct country-specific effects in the above relationship. As such, the nature of the relationship between dividend yields and common equity returns for hotel and lodging firms is better understood from a global perspective.
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Schroeder, Carreen. "Education in Localization: How language service providers benefit from educational partnerships." English Studies at NBU 4, no. 2 (December 20, 2018): 117–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.33919/esnbu.18.2.3.
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The purpose of the research was to examine whether or not partnerships between language services organizations and institutions of higher education have a positive impact on students, the educational institutions, partnering companies, and on the language services industry as a whole. We interviewed key educational institutions within the United States as well as a select few in Europe who closely partner with organizations within the language services sector to determine whether or not their partnering experiences had a positive effect on student enrolment, student participation, post-graduate success, and appropriate job placement within the language services industry. Likewise, we interviewed leaders in the language services industry to better understand whether or not they found the partnerships to be beneficial for their own organization, and for the industry as a whole. With regard to the key players we researched, all seemed to be in favor of partnerships, and all shared tangible reasons why these partnerships are a win for all involved. Although our research seems to indicate that – at least at present – there are only a limited number of these partnerships around the globe, there is a growing interest and desire for this number to grow in the years ahead.
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Shahid, Duaa. "Impact of COVID19 on the Education System in the United States through PESTLE Analysis: A Case Study." Journal of Business and Management Studies 4, no. 2 (June 15, 2022): 477–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.32996/jbms.2022.4.2.35.
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A PESTLE analysis is a commonly used practice by marketing to access the macro environment of a company or an industry. This analysis helps organizations identify the external marketing factors that impact the external marketing environment of an organization. PESTLE analysis provides a framework to understand the political, economic, social, technological, legal, and ethical factors of an industry or an organization to evaluate potential changes required to implement managerial decisions. This tool is used to understand the growth and decline of an organization or its division to develop strategies in its operational direction. The aim of this case study was to assess the impact of Covid19 on the enrollment of international students in higher education in the United States through PESTLE analysis. It has been concluded that Covid19 badly impacted the recruitment of international students by the institutions of higher education in the country. It has been found that the pandemic adversely affected the budgets of the universities. It has been suggested to overcome some of these problems can be found through an aggressive market with some financial support from the enrollment teams of the respective institutes. The organization may adjust its operations and find new creative ways to stay on top of its game. Enrollment trends and operations are expected to be impacted by several micro and macro trends in the long term, and some of these factors might become responsible for changes in the functions and operations of the organizations. In the long run, the best practice with this uncertainty is to keep a close eye on the changing trends and build an organizational leadership that's flexible and eager to adapt to the new challenges they will face.
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Kiianovska, N. M. "Cloud-based tools for teaching higher mathematics to future engineers: the USA experience." CTE Workshop Proceedings 1 (March 21, 2013): 129–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.55056/cte.164.
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Among the components of fundamental training of an engineer as a highly qualified specialist is the acquisition of knowledge in higher mathematics and the ability to apply the acquired knowledge in professional activities. One of the countries where the use of information and communication technologies in teaching higher mathematics to engineering students is given due attention is the United States of America.The basic level of engineering education in the USA is a bachelor's degree (4 years). There is no government industry standard for higher education in the United States: there is a strong accreditation system led by ABET (Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology), a non-governmental organization, which, in particular, evaluates the quality of training in engineering specialties based on the "Engineering Criteria 2000" (Engineering Criteria 2000 - EC2000). The third criterion defines the requirements to the knowledge and skills of engineering graduates, among which the "ability to apply applied knowledge in mathematics, science and engineering in professional activities" has a high weight.
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Robie, David. "'Model' a balanced approach." Pacific Journalism Review : Te Koakoa 14, no. 2 (September 1, 2008): 234–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.24135/pjr.v14i2.958.
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What should journalism schools teach? This remains a vexing question the world over, including the Pacific. A century after the first journalism school began in the United States in 1902, a clear formula for journalsim education has yet to be defined. The issue remains contentious— it pitches the media industry against journalism schools and academics against eachother, Differences among staff within the same institutions are common... The issues are the same— which is better, on-the-job- or university training, and what is the right balance of practical skills and theoretical/liberal arts education.
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Harrison, Rebecca A., Nazanin Majd, Margaret O. Johnson, Diana L. Urbauer, Vinay K. Puduvalli, and Mustafa Khasraw. "Characterization of industry relationships in oncology." Journal of Clinical Oncology 40, no. 16_suppl (June 1, 2022): 11025. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2022.40.16_suppl.11025.
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11025 Background: Collaborative relationships between academic oncology and the pharmaceutical industry are essential for therapeutic development in oncology. Despite this, formal training and mentorship in developing productive industry collaborations are not routinely included in oncology training. Since little research has been done to characterize and optimize the efficiency of these relationships, we sought to better understand the nature of such collaborations in order to identify areas for optimization. Methods: An electronic survey was administered to 1000 randomly selected ASCO members. The survey included 23 questions eliciting demographic and practice information, and 26 questions eliciting respondents’ views around oncology-industry collaborations. Survey results were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results: There were 225 survey respondents. Most were from the United States (70%), worked at an academic institution (60.1%), worked in medical oncology (81.2%), and had an active relationship with industry (85.8%). 26.7 % of respondents reported difficulty establishing a relationship with industry collaborators. Many relied on federal (39.5%) or departmental (30.2%) funding to supplement their research ventures. Partnerships were initiated by the respondents themselves (34.6%) or industry partners (31.9%) with similar frequency, whereas institutional affiliations (15.7%) and collaborative groups (5.8%) were reported as less common means for establishing collaborations. The majority (85.3%) of respondents stated these collaborations were of importance to their career. Inclusion in industry sponsored trials (71.1%) and commitment to research funding (66.3%) were considered early signs of a productive relationship, whereas lack of effective communication (86.1%) or little engagement by senior industry leadership (63.1%) were early red flags. Most respondents (75%) did not report having had mentorship in developing these relationships. Scientific integrity was generally thought to be preserved (92%) and there was little concern over the quality of the collaborative product (95%). Many shared concern over potential conflict of interest if a compensated relationship promoted an industry product for clinical care/research (60%), yet also stated these relationships did not shape their interactions with patients (67%). Conclusions: This study provides novel data characterizing the nature of collaborative industry-academia relationships in oncology. While respondents considered these collaborations an important part of clinical and academic oncology, formal education or mentorship around these relationships is rare. Further study exploring the structure of effective industry collaborations, optimizing methods to provide education in this area at all career stages, navigating conflict of interest issues in these relationships, and understanding industry perspectives is warranted.
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Harrison, Rebecca A., Nazanin Majd, Margaret O. Johnson, Diana L. Urbauer, Vinay K. Puduvalli, and Mustafa Khasraw. "Characterization of industry relationships in oncology." Journal of Clinical Oncology 40, no. 16_suppl (June 1, 2022): 11025. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2022.40.16_suppl.11025.
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11025 Background: Collaborative relationships between academic oncology and the pharmaceutical industry are essential for therapeutic development in oncology. Despite this, formal training and mentorship in developing productive industry collaborations are not routinely included in oncology training. Since little research has been done to characterize and optimize the efficiency of these relationships, we sought to better understand the nature of such collaborations in order to identify areas for optimization. Methods: An electronic survey was administered to 1000 randomly selected ASCO members. The survey included 23 questions eliciting demographic and practice information, and 26 questions eliciting respondents’ views around oncology-industry collaborations. Survey results were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results: There were 225 survey respondents. Most were from the United States (70%), worked at an academic institution (60.1%), worked in medical oncology (81.2%), and had an active relationship with industry (85.8%). 26.7 % of respondents reported difficulty establishing a relationship with industry collaborators. Many relied on federal (39.5%) or departmental (30.2%) funding to supplement their research ventures. Partnerships were initiated by the respondents themselves (34.6%) or industry partners (31.9%) with similar frequency, whereas institutional affiliations (15.7%) and collaborative groups (5.8%) were reported as less common means for establishing collaborations. The majority (85.3%) of respondents stated these collaborations were of importance to their career. Inclusion in industry sponsored trials (71.1%) and commitment to research funding (66.3%) were considered early signs of a productive relationship, whereas lack of effective communication (86.1%) or little engagement by senior industry leadership (63.1%) were early red flags. Most respondents (75%) did not report having had mentorship in developing these relationships. Scientific integrity was generally thought to be preserved (92%) and there was little concern over the quality of the collaborative product (95%). Many shared concern over potential conflict of interest if a compensated relationship promoted an industry product for clinical care/research (60%), yet also stated these relationships did not shape their interactions with patients (67%). Conclusions: This study provides novel data characterizing the nature of collaborative industry-academia relationships in oncology. While respondents considered these collaborations an important part of clinical and academic oncology, formal education or mentorship around these relationships is rare. Further study exploring the structure of effective industry collaborations, optimizing methods to provide education in this area at all career stages, navigating conflict of interest issues in these relationships, and understanding industry perspectives is warranted.
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Ewing, Michele E., and David L. Remund. "Understanding and addressing the gaps: Generational perspectives on public relations leadership development in the United States." Public Relations Inquiry 6, no. 3 (September 2017): 293–312. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2046147x17721944.
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This qualitative study is the first known effort to define the differing perceptions of public relations leadership at three distinct career points, and explore the leadership development gaps and needs from these varied perspectives. Semi-structured interviews with senior public relations practitioners, young professionals and current students in the United States bring needed depth and clarity to prior scholarship on leadership development, a growing concern within the public relations industry around the world. Additionally, the findings pinpoint leadership development best practices for better infusing leadership development into undergraduate public relations education, and into training and development programs for young professionals.
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Geil, Andrew, Glen Sagers, Aslihan D. Spaulding, and James R. Wolf. "Cyber security on the farm: an assessment of cyber security practices in the United States agriculture industry." International Food and Agribusiness Management Review 21, no. 3 (March 20, 2018): 317–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.22434/ifamr2017.0045.
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The goal of this study was to survey farmers and agribusiness owners about their perceptions of cyber security, and how age, gender, and education might affect those perceptions. Using the Health Belief Model as a framework, the survey measured the constructs of perceived susceptibility, severity, benefits, barriers, self-efficacy and cues to action. In addition to the framework, levels of previous cyber-crime victimization and technology implementation were measured. The results of this survey demonstrated that perceived susceptibility to cyber-attacks and the perceived benefits of protective technology are related to an individual’s choice to implement cyber security technology. Over half of the respondents had been victims of a computer security incident, demonstrating that even individuals working in agriculture can be impacted by computer crime incidents. This project deepens the understanding of how individuals react to known threats, and what motivates them to adopt protection technologies.