Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Industrialisation – France'
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Woessner, Raymond. "Mythe et réalité de l'espace Rhin-Rhône : la dynamique industrielle comme facteur de recomposition territoriale." Besançon, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996BESA1011.
Full textNaegel, Antoine-Paul. "Le département de la Meuse (France) : industrialisation entre 1790 et 1914." Nantes, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006NANT2021.
Full textNaegel, Antoine. "Le département de la Meuse (France) : industrialisation entre 1790 et 1914." Phd thesis, Université de Nantes, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00385765.
Full textLes sous-systèmes du modèle sont décrits dans une première partie, et des informations à caractère général sont données quant au développement de chacun d'eux en tant que tel, entre 1790 et 1914.
Dans une seconde partie, des systèmes d'industrialisation particuliers sont décrits pour un certain nombre de secteurs d'activité industrielle, notamment la métallurgie, les textiles, les verreries et faïenceries, l'industrie des cuirs et peaux, du bois et de la production alimentaire. Des études de cas proposent des restitutions sous la forme de récits historiques, et des mises en perspective replacent ces systèmes d'industrialisation choisis dans le contexte plus général de l'activité concernée du département étudié, et plus largement dans la France du XIXe siècle.
Vercher, Elizabeth. "La transformation des jeux de casino : industrialisation d'une pratique culturelle." Lyon 2, 2000. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2000/vercher_e.
Full textSince 1987, casino games and the general image of casinos have gone through a profond change. Where previously, this type of activity was stigmatized by the potential damage it could lead to, it has now become an individual or collective leisure, socially acceptable. The slot machines legalization in 1987 brought about an industrialisation of casinos and this underlined a turning point for these firms. They became places that develop a specific form of sociability. The casino layout is now organized using appropriate marketing techniques which can also be found in the recreation parks or clubs for example. These marketing techniques are building the casino as a new place for communication. But casinos represent high economic stakes and an important source of income for the public finances. This is the main reason why governements legalize them despite the moral and social objections. Last but not least, casino has become instrumental in local development as it is now part of the tourist industry ; Where more often they are considered as a means to promote the area where they are established
Zimnovitch, Henri. "Les calculs du prix de revient dans la seconde industrialisation en France." Phd thesis, Université de Poitiers, 1997. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00864379.
Full textLuciani, Jacques. "Les activites industrielles des satellites proches de paris (corbeil, creil, mantes, meaux, melun, etampes, pontoise, rambouillet)." Paris 4, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA040263.
Full textZampa, Christine. "Dynamique de territoire et industrialisation : le cas de la Maurienne." Grenoble 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994GRE21002.
Full textThis thesis is a survey of a local industrial development, approached frol the theory of organization. From the experience of maurienne, a valley in the french alps and birthplace for electrometallurgy and electrochemistry industry, it also gives prominence to the process of industrial divide, characterised as periods of organizational transformation, wich are the main features of the evolution in a local industrial system. The thesis then shows there is no local industrial system that needs to be condamned by the crisis, even in areas of traditional industrial development, it defines at the same time the territorial compnent of the industrial dynamics, the territoy itself being conceived of as an organization, in a finalised form, rooted in a historical process, and linked to a process of interaction beetween the strategies and the rationalities of the actors and their interrelations ; the territorial dynamics is closely linked to the behaviour of institutions
Delamotte, Éric. "Industrialisation et marchandisation de la formation : le cas de la formation des adultes en France." Paris 3, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA030156.
Full textThe training of adults, now in-service training, serves a social purpose whose utility has been recognized and use extended. Its official recognition results from the setting-up of a systematic organisation with several intervening partners : industries, social partners, the state. Impinging on several fields at the start, it now tends to become autonomous. In this field, the training agencies stand out, beside the state and the industries. The observer cannot allow himself to give a rapid definition of their activities as they are of a great variety. The questioning of monopoly situations on of protected "markets" contributes to bring the training of adults chose to a business model. A dynamic of "tailored" offers of services has developed. In order to meet the diversity of demand, the agencies have changed the organization of work - therefore as the services offered differ from the collective models of initial training, the training of adults, taking into account its own characteristics, can be analysed as a component of the whole industry of culturel. The analysis then clearly shows that the fragmentation of the trainers's activity objectively results from a new "rapport de force". All things considered, at a practical level, the turning of training into both an industry and a business, simply appears as the instrument and the embodiment of the acceptability of a new group of people : the professionals of adult training
Delfosse, Claire. "La France fromagère." Paris 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA010528.
Full textGaillard, Sylvie. "Changements techniques et industrialisation capitaliste de la culture du mais en france depuis 1945 : elements pour une approche systemique." Lyon 2, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986LYO22006.
Full textThis thesis is a tentative to articulate the dynamic of technical systems and the agricultural industrialization process, from the study of corn cultivation system. We try to answer questions about genesis, functioning and limits of the industrialization process of corn cultivation. Two analytic corpus, the technological change economy and the rural economy, are calling together to understand which is the place of technological dynamic in the change of agricultural production systems. Industrialization process of corn cultivation is a complex whole, composed of several apprehension levels. The first two parts throw light on one level : we are doing initially a technical analysis, then an economical one. Technical and economical structures are the elements of a vaster system, which dynamic is the product of relationships in this system. The aim of the last part is to introduce some elements for a systemic approach of corn cultivation industrialization. Growth and crisis of corn production system may be clarify by an analysis in terms of coherence and ruoture of coherence
Hau, Michel. "L'Industrialisation de l'Alsace, 1803-1939." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1985. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37594801k.
Full textCucarull, Jérôme. "Les industries en Ille-et-Vilaine dans la seconde moitié du XIXème siècle : adaptations et inerties d'un département rural face à la seconde industrialisation." Brest, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993BRES1009.
Full textIn the 19th century, Brittany missed the chance of an economic take-off. After an analysis of Ille-et-Vilaine, we can determine the reasons and the mechanisms of this evolution, which occured in a region that remained quite a lot rural. Outside towns, the only industrial concentrations were bound to the presence of natural resources. The general disaster happened toward 1880 1890 and affected the main sectors of the economy (the textile industries, iron-works and mines). Only subsisted traditional industries, which hold on as well as they could. The new (chemical, electrical) activities were not developped a lot. Mecanization was heavy. But the evolutions in the industrial network and outputs, as well as the assessment of the quantity and the origin of assets showed an insufficient adaptation to the modern economy. Capitalists firms were rare. As the economy of the department opened itself, competitivity was strengthened, but the study of the labour work confirms the fact that there was no unified labour market. Decline was certainly to happen, in spite of all controls means
Porhel, Vincent. "Mémoires, industrialisation, conflits : la construction des représentations sociales et culturelles dans les années 1968 en Bretagne au filtre de cinq conflits sociaux (1966-1981)." Rennes 2, 2005. http://books.openedition.org/pur/3445.
Full textYears 68 in Brittany are, like everywhere in France and in the world, one period of deep cultural and social transformations. These years of protest were punctuated by factory conflicts which showed, from 1966 to 1981, of new individuals aspirations as well as collective in the context of a complex mutation of the regional industrialization. These aspirations were supported and spread by local and regional protagonists, far from a Parisian unrest which monopolised later commemoration. The use of witness memories, through oral sources, allowed to follow the protagonist's representations of these transformations, based on five factory conflicts : the Hennebont's aciery (1966), the CSF-Thomson in Brest, the "Joint français" in Saint Brieuc (1972), the slaughterhouse Doux to Pedernec (1973-1974) and the antinuclear conflict to Plogoff (1974-1980). The course of the conflicts, which is marked in particular by the importance in the memories of the popular support and the speeches which accompanies it, emphasize thus, in the detail of the carried out fights, the changes of the social and cultural representations in Brittany during the years 1968. These new representations are expressed throughout the period by the success of the self-management idea, by the timid assertion of an identity of gender, by a call into question of moral authorities traditional and by the rediscovery fo a new regional identity
Doucet, Claude. "Fenwick 1884-1984 : l'équipement industriel du négoce à la production : qualifications industrialisation et stratégies de circonstance." Paris 4, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA040126.
Full textFrom 1884 to 1984, the firm Fenwick has dedicated its activity, firstly to international trade, secondly to the trade of goods of industrial plant produced in the United States, and finally to the industrialization of some of them through these experiences this thesis develops the following themes. Stimulated by mass production, the advancements of the American manufacturing technologies at the end of last century, according to the account reports of the world fairs and, more recently, the development of a strong handling industry which role which be discovered by the productivity missions of the 50s. - the firm's adaptation to these different markets, through wars and economic and monetary crises, and according to the role that it intends to take on: first transfer of American technologies, then, through licensed constructions, the acquisition of a know-how which will lead to an autonomy of production and parallel development of an industrial and trading tool that will regain an increasing mobilization of personal funds. -the analysis of successive strategies elaborated to meet the time's context. From the end of the 60s, the interference of financial subjections that will activate, from a majority of shareholders of the 4th generation, withdrawal reactions again any development perspective and finally survival of governing branche of the tree
Gaillard, Sylvie. "Changements techniques et industrialisation capitaliste de la culture du maïs en France depuis 1945 éléments pour une approche systémique." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb375977460.
Full textLins, Hoyêdo Nunes. "Restructuration du capital, industrialisation périphérique et changement regional : essai sur l'évolution contemporaine des structures économiques de l'Ouest de la France (régions de programme : Pays de la Loire et Bretagne)." Tours, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988TOUR4501.
Full textThe process of spatial change which characterized the french industry since the fifties is very much connected with the structural tendencies of production organization typical of the present stade of capitalist development. West france's participation in this process is mainly characterized by job creation by big entreprises of the electronics and car industries, and has to be seen in rela tion to the role the region has played within the french space-economy as a source of labour from agriculture. Plant creation by external initiatives did contribute to the region's industrial growth during the last decades, but the jobs created were essentially semiskilled and therefore west france emerges within the french spatial division of labour as a region mostly turned to mass-production and assembly stages of production. Recent industrial growth has meant few links between the new plants and local entreprises. As decisionmaking functions have for the most part been retained at the paris region, contemporary industrialization rather contributed to exacerbate the degree of external control in the regional economy
Rojon, Jérôme. "L’industrialisation du Bas-Dauphiné, le cas du textile (fin XVIIIe siècle à 1914)." Lyon 2, 2007. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2007/rojon_j.
Full textDuring the last years of the Ancien Regime, the hemp cloth nébuleuse of Bas-Dauphiné highly developed. The hemp cloth merchants of Voiron set up a kaufsystem in the countryside. More in the west, in Jallieu, some Swiss funds enabled the birth of cotton industry, forst with the construction of a textile printing factory in 1787 and then with that of a spinning mill and three weaving factories during the Restauration. But as early as the end of 1820s, textile industry went through a serious structural crisis. A new generation of silk Lyons manufacturers spread their handlooms in Bas-Dauphiné, either to peasants or factories. Because of demographic pressure and poverty, the people of Isère, who were surviving thanks to a small piece of land in the shadow of an omnipresent legitimist nobility, agreed to work for the Lyons manufacturers. As early as the mid XIXth century, silk weaving industry progressively conquered Bas-Dauphiné. This country entered an age of smooth industrialization. Manufacturers used new middlemen, known as façonniers, who were entrepreneurs with high technical skills and who had to do work with modest fundings most of the time. Nevertheless, at the end of the century, both manufacturers and façonniers had to concentrate and mechanize their production to meet with the needs. In order to cut their expenditure and improve their organization, they used a stronger work ethic as well as a female, juvenile and foreign workforce. This new system was successful because façonniers had known how to use their area and exploit it
Frouard, Hélène. "Les politiques patronales de logement en France (1894-1944) : de l'initiative privée au devoir national." Paris 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA010589.
Full textGazzurelli, Jean-Loup. "Trajectoires contemporaines du textile dans les Basses-Pyrénées. Contribution à l'histoire de l'industrialisation de la France du Sud-Ouest." Thesis, Pau, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PAUU1042.
Full textThis study comes within the scope of a recent historiographical trend to change perception of the industrialisation of the South-West of France which is often approached from the perspective of underdevelopment . It aims at reconstructing the « paths » of different textile industries in the Basses-Pyrénées / Pyrénées-Atlantiques from late 18th century to late 20th century, based on the study of produce, markets, producting organisations, firms, views and representations. The research points out the importance, structuring and the diversity of textile industries : complete industrial processes can be found in Basses-Pyrénées for several fibres (cotton, linen, wool, jute) and some products are produced and sold by millions (berets, sandals and, to a leaser extent, basque linen, wool of the Pyrénées...). The maintain of “soft” producting organisations, the massive use of hydraulic power and the domination of family businesses are also linked with fast technical changes and strong ability of industrial reconversion inside various industrial countries and small or middle-sized towns.In the end, these industrial “paths” reveal the economical integration of Basses-Pyrénées on different scales, from local to international, as regards raw material, markets or technical, or financial and human movements. The exploitation of regional opportunities plays a major role in the continuity of these textile industries : proximity of Spain, continuing consumption in the pyrenean area, emigration to America, tourism, regionalistic vogue for Bearn, Basque Country and Pyrénées
Wroblewski, Guillaume. "Les destinées divergentes des territoires lainiers : l'exemple de Reims et d'Amiens (1786-1860)." Valenciennes, 2010. http://ged.univ-valenciennes.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/58bb8139-bf82-4326-a319-67e159c6041b.
Full textIn the eighteenth century, Amiens constitutes a high place of the worsted clothes, with important exports to Spain and its colonies. At the same time, Reims, also specialized in the worsted clothes, constitutes a place of lower importance. In 1860, the situation is totally opposite: Reims is at the top of the hierarchy, along with Roubaix-Tourcoing, whereas Amiens seems to like being in a soft lethargy. Quality of the products, know-how of the manufacturers but also of the local labour, affluence, advanced mechanization, prosperity, integrity…The praise of Reims by the contemporaries denounces even better the difficulties and the inadequacies of its picarde colleagues. How to explain such a difference of the industrial destinies? This thesis is about to try to bring answers thanks to often original sources. In order to compare both places, the study is made on the scale of the industrial territory. It shows the constant efforts of the manufacturers to develop their productions, their jobs in dyeing and mechanical engineering, the adaptations of their industrial territories. Above all, it emphasizes the role of some men whose destiny is closely linked to the industrial destinies of their town
Engone, Kénaelle Cyndie. "Les mécanismes d'incitations fiscales à l'investissement des entreprises étrangères en France et au Gabon." Thesis, Limoges, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LIMO0072.
Full textThe territorial attractiveness of states is at the center of national and international. Derogatory tax measures designed to attract foreign investments are numerous and complex, not only because international influence, but also hesitations and the accumulation of national rules. In Gabon and France, territorial attraction tax incentives have been educated in key activity areas of the economy. They thus participate industrialization of these countries.However, beyond industrialization, these derogations aim to develop certain areas of the territory, and especially to combat unemployment. Nevertheless, far from always achieving the expected results, these measures end up sometimes, over the years and successive modifications to become more complex, making them unreadable
Jarrige, François. "Au temps des "tueuses de bras" : les bris de machines et la genèse de la société industrielle (France, Angleterre, Belgique, 1780-1860)." Paris 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA010646.
Full textaLau, Leung Mei-Yee. "Industrialisation, révolution et transition : étude comparée de la vallée de la Bièvre et de la vallée de l'Yvette au XVIIIème siècle." Paris 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA010522.
Full textRuhemann, Patrick. "Vapeur motrice et industrie au XIXe siècle." Paris 10, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA100079.
Full textThe steam machine is a typical icon of the Industrial Revolution which transformed western societies from the end of the eighteenth century. If many studies about these equipments exist in history of techniques, this one highlights relationships between steam power and industry. We will privilege its development at different scales, national and departmental, and its integration into most of the industrial factories. France is the exclusive subject of this analysis that mainly spreads out from 1830 to the Great War. The real weight of steam power in the industry is also measured through its relations, often more additional than competitive, wit other modes of production of driving strength, especially hydraulic energy but without neglecting windmills and animal drive. At last, the eventuality that steam power appears mainly like supporting watermills during the First Industrial Revolution is formally questioned
Lyu, Eunha. "Les grèves ouvrières en banlieue nord de Paris : (1921-1935)." Paris 13, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA131001.
Full textResendiz-Vazquez, Aleyda. "L’industrialisation du bâtiment : le cas de la préfabrication dans la construction scolaire en France (1951-1973)." Thesis, Paris, CNAM, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010CNAM0716/document.
Full textThis thesis examines the relationship between the industrialization of building methods andthe prefabrication of school buildings in France. This relationship relies on the interactionbetween technical reason and public policies with the organization of production processes.The boundary of this study begins in 1951, witnessed by a political drive to industrializeeducational establishments, until 1973 when this type of construction was put into question.During this period the industrialization of building methods was considered as the uniquesolution to the needs for mass production, cheaper and quicker. Subsequently, thetechnology of prefabrication occurred in two distinct periods, giving rise to the separationbetween conceptual design (centralized by the DESUS) and realization (represented byconstruction methods). In the first period (1951-1962), the architects are the authors of theprojects and in the second period (1964-1973) the construction methods are clearly visible.These events accentuate two logical opponents: mass production and series on one side,diversity and flexibility on the other. The encounter of such diverse sources (reviews,archives, technical documents) reveals the relationship between each domain: architects(design and operations), educational planners, industrial entrepreneurs, ministerial offices forconstruction and survey teams (technical controls). This research contributes to history ofprefabrication and its developments. The school building represents an excellent example ofthe evolution of construction methods when prefabrication was making its mark in the wakeof the Second World War
Lins, Hoyêdo Nunes. "Restructuration du capital, industrialisation périphérique et changement régional essai sur l'évolution contemporaine des structures économiques de l'ouest de la France : régions de programme : pays de la Loire et Bretagne /." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37615286w.
Full textCocoual, Mathilde. "Aux sources des parfums : Industrialisation et approvisionnement de la parfumerie grassoise (milieu XIXe – milieu XXe siècle)." Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AZUR2045/document.
Full textDuring the XIXth century, the beggining of industrialisation of perfumery in the world. Specifically inFrance and in Grasse. Resulted in an augmentation in raw materials in spite of the invention and theincrease of the synthetic molecules in the perfume and aromatic composition. In order to supply itselfin raw materials, many French and Grasse society organise trade relations with foreign countries, likeItaly and Bulgaria. In the same time, the increasing establishment of the perfumers in Africa, Asia,America and Oceania, corresponds in diversified strategies according to the mobilized colonies : inthe Maghreb, they extend the culture of mediterranean raw materials ; in Indo-China and Guyana,they are supplied out of specific raw materials like the star anise or the rose wood ; while Africa andOceania, they serve as a laboratory for multiple acclimatizations of mediterranean raw material andalso tropical species, like vanilla or ylang-ylang. Among these « colonial laboratories », the islandsof the Indian Ocean, for which ylang-ylang, geranium, clove or vanilla, were, until the XIXth century,completely unknown. They became one of the principal world production centers of raw materialsunder the influence of the French and Grasse perfumers. The objective of this thesis is to considerthis singular trajectory, since the rise of the first factories in France until the creation of a worldnetwork of supply. It also questions the links and the relations between the various producing zonesand the Grasse perfumery
Gay, Georges. "Structuration de l'espace et dynamiques sociales : recherches sur l'exemple d'une vieille région industrielle, la vallée du Gier." Lyon 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992LYO20021.
Full textThe interrogations about peculiarities and paradoxes of an old industrial country lead to analyze the spatial structuration of this micro-regional area, by the social dynamics that explain its production. The part one describes how the industrial area has been settled during the nineteenth century and how this local space functions during the first half part of the twentieth century. The part two studies representations and images which are ignorant of the quite new appearance of the linear form of the industrial country, and town planning actions that are more interested in conservative purpose than in radical change. The part three studies, in a social point of view, the present structuration of local space and its dislocation connected with the industrial crisis. The conclusion stress the heterogeneity of this regional area, and underlines the main part of political matters in its understanding
Guével, Solenn. "Histoire des relations entre Paris et ses canaux : formes, usages et représentations, 1818-1876." Thesis, Paris Est, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PESC1006.
Full textThis research proposes to investigate the comprehensive set of past and present relations between Paris and its canals, in order to fuel and expand the current reflection on urban issues and the definition of the specific modes and temporalities at stake in the formation of the city, allowing one to understand the links between city and infrastructure.Through the study of a broad scope of themes, from landscape to the form of urban or rural fabric; to projects, private and public actors, acjavascript:nouvelleZone('abstract');_ajtAbstract('abstract');tivities and uses; to their representation; this study seeks to understand the role played by the canals and their place in Paris, as a means for both the transportation of merchandise and the supply of water, in order to grasp the complexity of the evolution and processes of formation of Parisian urban spaces over time, thus revealing at both local and territorial scale the relations between city and canal during the XIXth century.Firstly, we will focus on the need for canals in Paris, capital of France. What are the conditions governing their position? What is specific about this infrastructure and its layout? How are the waterways superimposed upon the urban territory, and what landscape do they generate? Are they a form of territorial embellishment and monument, and/or an incision in the existing urban fabric? With regard to these questions, we will try to understand how Parisian waterways are inscribed in this territory.Secondly, why are the warehouses built along the waterways? Of what type are they? Is there any differentiation between those established in Paris and those in La Villette? What kind of transformation are they generating? What is their place in the industrial and commercial development of the capital? Furthermore, how are the adjacent areas to the waterways urbanized? In relation to these issues, we will try to demonstrate how the city has adapted to the Parisian canals.Thirdly, why has the decision been made to cover a segment of Canal Saint-Martin during the Second Empire? How does this covering impact freight transportation and industrial activity along the waterway? How does the street systems and lot configurations evolve? Are any projects linked to this infrastructure and/or the city, coming up? Why are modernization projects for both canals of Ourcq and Saint-Denis undertaken while a length of the Saint-Martin canal is covered and the town of La Villette is annexed to Paris? What was the scope of work for these projects? How does the territory traversed by the infrastructure evolve? In this regard, we will attempt to measure how the Parisian canals were integrated to the city.We will try to understand how the Parisian canals, as large works of civil and industrial engineering, are inscribed within its territory, how the city adapts to this infrastructure and, inversely, how it adapts to the city. We will try demonstrate that, since their creation at the end of the XIXth century (1818-1876), canals have strongly influenced the urban formation of the cities from which they were excavated, whether used for the transportation of merchandise or water supply, whether open-air or covered. These canals can thus be considered as founding elements for their surrounding urban spaces.Through an analysis of the plurality of relations between Paris and its canals along the XIXth century, this thesis aims to construct an historical object. As an investigation starting from various issues borrowing from multiple disciplines, it focuses on the questions of form, use and representation. As a tool of reflexion intended to foster a greater understanding of the links between city and infrastructure, it seeks to bring new perspectives to the current issues of existing infrastructure and develop strategies, which exploit their presence within urban fabric, and the ways in which their edges and surroundings could be reconstituted
Resendiz-Vazquez, Aleyda. "L'industrialisation du bâtiment : le cas de la préfabrication dans la construction scolaire en France (1951-1973)." Phd thesis, Conservatoire national des arts et metiers - CNAM, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00554230.
Full textMinouflet, Dominique. "Les grands réseaux techniques en Seine & Oise de 1890 à 1964." Thesis, Paris 4, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA040081.
Full textFrom 1890 to 1964 major technical networks relied on industrialization and urbanization processes generating inbalances that required adaptation periods and pioneering planing charasteristic of the Seine 1 Oise in the parisian attraction and market radius.In1914, these processes combined traditional networks with those brought bu the second industrialization within a type of modernity fouded on a continuous superposition-substitution.From 1914 to 1944, to meet wars and economic crises, the departement had to consider rebuildind and modernization while taking cost effectiverness into account Urban explosion confirmed the gap between the home and the working-place, while the increasing extension of commuting raised the problem of mobility. Former networks failed to meet the claims of users (about confort, transportation and communication), which resulted in a synthesis of technical systems based on vapour, electricity end the telephone. The modern system including speed advocated the flexibility of cars as compard to trains.The networks which had designed urban modernity required areras located next to former energy sources (water, coal) which had limited capacities of extension. Those stemming from twentieth- century sciences and technologies (electricity and nuclear power) compelled to find significant storing areas which could not be provided by overcrowed fluvial valleys. Moving up towards hills and plateaus made such an evolution possible, and to some extent relrased it from the management of the departement because of the scale of their outlets (Saclay, Fontenay aux Roses, Orsay).Space and time were going to be transformed by communication and information to become part of a more national (even international) scale, as was proved by the 1964 décision of dividing the departement into three new areas, Yvelines, Essonne end Val d4oise, through new energies and scientific knowledge
Fares, Kinda. "L'industrialisation du logement en France (1885-1970) : De la construction légère et démontable à la construction lourde et architecturale." Phd thesis, Conservatoire national des arts et metiers - CNAM, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00727276.
Full textAndréassian, Anne Elisabeth. "Les représentations de l'entreprise dans le roman français au XIXe siècle, 1829-1891." Paris 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA010546.
Full textMinouflet, Dominique. "Les grands réseaux techniques en Seine & Oise de 1890 à 1964." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 4, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA040081.
Full textFrom 1890 to 1964 major technical networks relied on industrialization and urbanization processes generating inbalances that required adaptation periods and pioneering planing charasteristic of the Seine 1 Oise in the parisian attraction and market radius.In1914, these processes combined traditional networks with those brought bu the second industrialization within a type of modernity fouded on a continuous superposition-substitution.From 1914 to 1944, to meet wars and economic crises, the departement had to consider rebuildind and modernization while taking cost effectiverness into account Urban explosion confirmed the gap between the home and the working-place, while the increasing extension of commuting raised the problem of mobility. Former networks failed to meet the claims of users (about confort, transportation and communication), which resulted in a synthesis of technical systems based on vapour, electricity end the telephone. The modern system including speed advocated the flexibility of cars as compard to trains.The networks which had designed urban modernity required areras located next to former energy sources (water, coal) which had limited capacities of extension. Those stemming from twentieth- century sciences and technologies (electricity and nuclear power) compelled to find significant storing areas which could not be provided by overcrowed fluvial valleys. Moving up towards hills and plateaus made such an evolution possible, and to some extent relrased it from the management of the departement because of the scale of their outlets (Saclay, Fontenay aux Roses, Orsay).Space and time were going to be transformed by communication and information to become part of a more national (even international) scale, as was proved by the 1964 décision of dividing the departement into three new areas, Yvelines, Essonne end Val d4oise, through new energies and scientific knowledge
Lembezat, Mathieu. "Héritages, mutations et dynamiques : approche territoriale de l’industrie de l’habillement, du cuir et de la chaussure et du textile en France." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024LORR0082.
Full textThe Clothing, Leather, Shoes and Textile (HCCT) industry is facing a number of challenges in a context of crisis (Delocalization, 2008, Covid-19). Through the centuries, the sector has built up industrial systems everything in France and contribute to develop know-how that is still firmly rooted in the regions. A wide variety of legacies/heritages have emerged from the industrialization process. Between the 1960s and 2010, the HCCT sector suffered many delocalization, causing job losses and forcing industrials to adapt themselves on new markets in order to survive. This thesis focuses on the territories built by and for the HCCT industry in several components (landscape, training networks, heritage processing, economic positioning, know-how valorisation).A quantitative and cartographic inventory of the industry identifies the HCCT industrial territories in France, as well as the industry's development dynamics, in all its components (clothing, leather/shoes and textile). Based on this inventory, a classification into categories based on the economic positioning of companies in the sector (luxury, technical, cultural and Made in France) enables us to identify the diversity of dynamics. A study of the recent way the HCCT industry operates (industry institutions, company networks, labels) presents the industry as a whole. A sample of 40 territories, known as "control territories", are studied in landscape and cartographic terms to measure visible and invisible changesets. In this way, the research highlights the multiple dynamics at national scale and local scale, dealing roots (economic, territorial, landscape and training) of the territorial trajectories studied
Le, Bouëdec Gérard. "Les mutations d'une ville maritime du xviiieme au xixeme siecle : lorient. l'edification d'un arsenal maritime de pointe au xixeme siecle dans la ville-port de la compagnie des indes." Paris 4, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA040043.
Full textLorient was founded by the state. Its existence as well as its developement were totally subordinate to the central authorities. It completed its transition within half a century, from 1770 to 1820. Lorient passed from a trading system of development to a military-industrial system. From then on this area inherited from the east-india company had to be converted and extended so as to meet the new technological demands of the war-fleet. Between 1820 and 1870 the navy changes its wooden vessels for steam-powered battle-ships. The town was run by a merchant class, still too much past-oriented. However it accepted to act as the arsenal and harbour's defense-committee because lorient had, by then, become a working-class town totally dependant on the navy
Blocquaux, Stéphane Yves. "Les réseaux documentaires éducatifs : de la médiatisation à l'industrialisation." Paris 13, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA131026.
Full textFrench schools use for the most part the documents and services of the Regional Centre for Educational Documents in the region of Charentes-Poitou. By analysing the discourse of those who advocate this method and the institutional strategies at play in their experiment, our study examines the consequences and the process of dissemination of what has become a recognised national point of reference in the field of education. Our hypothesis is that the real change brought about by this tool consists in the process of industrialisation of documentation, that is to say its management by a centralised system, which results in the normalisation of the different parts of a system that ensures the reproduction and general dissemination of its documentary products. It would appear that this process of industrialisation is part of an overall movement bringing about the structuring of fields of knowledge, under the pressure of territorial and societal considerations which do not always converge
Maneuvrier-Hervieu, Paul. "La Normandie dans l'économie Atlantique au 18e siècle : production, commerce et crises." Thesis, Normandie, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020NORMC032.
Full textAfter the long years of the Louis XIV’s wars, the return of peace in Europe and on the seas represented the beginning of a new era in the history of Normandy. Within a few years, ports were back on the road to growth thanks to thedevelopment of the colonies and the resumption of commercial activities. The massive arrival of colonial products and in particular of the "cotton king", brought about many changes in urban centres and countryside where spinning was booming. The development of the Atlantic economy and its importance for the Norman economy was, however,not without consequences. Even if it brought a certain ease and enabled many rural inhabitants to ensure their daily subsistence, it sealed at the same time the fate of a part of the population to the commercial activities and the vicissitudes of the textile industry, which was rapidly expanding. This dissertation relies on a quantitative and spatial analysis, with a focus on crises and subsistence riots, to study the consequences of the integration of Normandy in the Atlantic economy. Beyond a re-examination of the crisis that erupted between the Peace of Utrecht and the American War of Independence, this research focuses on two emblematic periods marked by major transformations. The signature in 1786 of the so-called Eden-Rayneval trade treaty between France and England, which put an end to the mercantilist policy in force since 1713, marked the beginning of the first period. The second is that of the crisis caused by the French Revolution, the revolt of the slaves in Saint-Domingue in 1791, and the return of the war on the seas in 1793
Charpy, Manuel. "Le théâtre des objets. Espaces privés, culture matérielle et identité sociale. Paris, 1830-1914." Thesis, Tours, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010TOUR2007/document.
Full textThe study analyses the ways by which a social group consumed and produced a world of goods in order to shape its own social and cultural identity. With a view to reconstruct the social and cultural uses of things in a city which underwent deep commercial and spatial changes, the thesis identifies the nature and forms of the Parisian bourgeoisie’s consumption, through private and business archives. It studies how the bourgeois home was redefined in flat and in the growing city and how daily technology forged the bourgeoise’s private scenography and self-awareness. It studies then the material culture of 19th century Parisian bourgeoisie, understood as a set of signs and narratives designed by dealers and consumers, whilst industrialisation radically transformed the nature and hierarchy of materials and commodities. Finally, this work sheds light on phenomenons of imitation and distinction as social mobility increased and analyses how fashion trends came to being onto specific urban scenes, through the mediating role of taste legislators and the means of new forms of urban advertising
Jonas, Stéphane. "La revolution industrielle,les questions urbaine et du logement a mulhouse (1740-1870)." Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989STR20002.
Full textThis thesis submits a relevant fragment of the urban history of mulhouse. As a small calvinist free-town that became an autonomous republic, mulhouse was allied to the helvetic confederation; it stood out among the upper-rhin towns, as a strategic territory and a major issue between the habsburgs and the french monarchs. Within the 130 years covered by my survey, that small creftsmen's town of 4000 inhabitants turned into a french model city of prime industry and scientific innovation and discoveries applied to industry. This study is an attempt to contribute to a better knowledge of the complex and fundamental connections that developed over the periods of the two industrial take offs, between industrialisation and town development on the one hand, and the social and housing questions on the other band, in that medium-sized industrial town of international fame. The impact of mulhouse reaches beyond the mere monographic aspect of the new trends in social sciences to go back to relevant case-studies as an essential method in sociology and in social history
Asanuma-Brice, Cécile. "La transformation de la périphérie urbaine de Tokyo par les organismes de logements publics." Paris, EHESS, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012EHES0049.
Full textIf social housing estates stigmatized some territories in France, it does not seem to be the same everywhere, Japanese, meanwhile, maintain an image of these rural areas. Japan has experienced the same economic cycles than France, we questioned about a possible gap between the formal reality related, or mass production of housing for population of workers that was set near production sites and the chosen image and collectively conveyed the same place. Through this, it will demonstrate that the image can have a territory is less tied to the land itself, the urban form, as current practices in this area, constituting culture of the place. Economic policies chosen after the war were able to play in this process, recovery images of idealized imaginary space to produce and to accept residents see, for extreme enhancement of the image of the place, to achieve that the resident calls himself spaces whose planning has motivated solely by economic return from that product. Urban planning rules and multiply generated prohibited in enclosed spaces inhabited security discourse without success to question the motivations behind these societal dysfunction. The Japanese government, not having been able to meet its objectives, decides to cease its involvement in the housing sector and financial disengages from 2005. The triple disaster (earthquake, tsunami, nuclear power plant explosion in Fukushima) experienced by Japan March 11, 2011 could generate a new commitment of the State of one of the roles is to protect its population. But the current situation seems to confirm the intent of a transmission role of the welfare state to the private sector
Alonzo, Anne. "La guerre est déclarée ! : La mobilisation industrielle à Toulouse pendant la Première Guerre mondiale." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020SORUL062.
Full textBetween 1914 and 1918, the implementation of industrial mobilization decreed by the Union sacrée's government profoundly transformed Toulouse. While the city remained less economically modernized in the 19th century, significant public investments devoted to the production of military equipment accelerated the development of its industry. Population faced difficulties, however, due to labor requisitions, shortages and rising prices. Unlike Germany, social movements which resulted from the deterioration in the standard of living in 1917 did not, however, call into question the consensus around the war effort, neither in Toulouse nor in France. The thesis studies the reasons for the success of setting up industrial mobilization as well as its execution. It shows that France had an institutional advantage and that it was able to rely on its democratic civic capital to preserve the political pact of his patriotic union. The negative growth rate of economic activity in Toulouse between 1914 and 1918 reflects the fact that the war effort was largely supported by businesses and workers. The State capacity and his action were reinforced by the adhesion of the populations to the program of the Union sacrée
Buzenot, Laurence. "Industrialisation, zone franche et développement socio-spatial dans les espaces insulaires. Les cas des îles de la Caraïbe et de l'île Maurice." Phd thesis, Université de la Réunion, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00858568.
Full textThinon, Romain. "Un "îlot brassicole" : brasseurs et brasseries à Lyon et dans le Rhône (fin XVIIIe siècle - 1914)." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE2036/document.
Full textIn France, the nineteenth century is the age of beer: in a hundred years, annual production and consumption grow from less than three to more than fifteen million hectolitres. Thanks to its advantageous commercial position and the quality of its waters, Lyon occupies a unique place in this developing mass-market. Calling presumed alimentary boundaries into question, the city distinguishes itself as soon as the end of the Ancien Régime through a wide use of the hoppy beverage and the making of a product with specific organoleptic qualities being exported to the southeast quarter of the country. Skilfully maintained, this original situation turns Lyon into one of the main French beer production centres of the first half of the century. Things change with the advent of the Second Empire. New drinking trends and habits, birth of a European then worldwide consumption market and substantial scientific and technical improvements combine themselves to change the activity into a definite way. Thus, the Rhône brewing sector, leaded by Lyon’s breweries and initially made of numerous and small short-lived handcraft production units selling locally only, becomes in a few decades an industry operating towards foreign markets and formed by a handful of big factories gathering workforce, capitals and market share. Regulatory framework itself (professional legislation or insalubrity control) and fiscal politics on national and municipal scales contribute also to the transition. Since they have to adapt their manufacturing and formation processes, as well as supplying and selling strategies, the redefinition of urban and commercial logics has a direct impact on brewers’ practices: in a wider sense, it is the organization of the beer sector which progressively reveals itself. However, it would be untrue to see these businessmen as powerless victims of an uncontrolled process. More than spectators, they are actors of a protean revolution. The prosopographical study of 337 careers considered in their individual and collective dimensions prove the plurality of fortunes: while the model of the small business allows audacious craftsmen whatever their professional and geographical origins (many of them come from Alsace and Germany) to succeed by highlighting their work and satisfying their ambitions, the industrial model is more selective. In the medium term, only a few businessmen will survive, their smaller colleagues and competitors suffering the joint effects of economic conjuncture, market rationalization and family tragedies. At the edge of World War One, six breweries are still in operation: having proven its early adaptation ability by modifying its structure in order to assimilate the productivist modernization, the Rhône brewing sector can be considered as an exception among the pre-industrial activities, a fortiori among those from the food-processing sector