Relevant bibliographies by topics / Industrial sites – Ontario – Vaughan

Academic literature on the topic 'Industrial sites – Ontario – Vaughan'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Industrial sites – Ontario – Vaughan"

1

Barker, H. W. "Isolating the Industrial Contribution of PM2.5 in Hamilton and Burlington, Ontario." Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology 52, no. 3 (March 2013): 660–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jamc-d-12-0163.1.

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AbstractHourly measurements of particulate matter that is smaller than 2.5 μm in diameter (PM2.5) have been made at air-monitoring sites in Hamilton and Burlington, Ontario, Canada, since 2003. These sites are separated by ~6 km; Burlington is right on Lake Ontario while Hamilton has, directly to the east, very heavy industry between it and Lake Ontario. Hence, by taking the difference between measurements at Hamilton and Burlington, it is possible to isolate, during east-wind conditions, PM2.5 that result from emissions from the industrial sectors (primarily steel mills) located in Hamilton’s northeast end. After screening the data for east winds off Lake Ontario, it was found that median background values of PM2.5, of 5–10 μg m−3 are increased by an additional 5–10 μg m−3 by emissions from local sources. On the contrary, however, industrial contributions to PM2.5 in Burlington during south winds are much smaller at ~3 μg m−3 (industrial sectors are due south of Burlington). This difference is likely due either to wind direction–dependent local circulation patterns or to alignment of sources that can concentrate PM2.5 into Hamilton. It was also found that throughout much of 2009, but especially during spring and early summer, the industrial contribution of PM2.5 at Hamilton was reduced relative to other years by amounts that are statistically significant at the 95% confidence level, even when measurements are augmented with large amounts of Gaussian noise. These reductions are consistent with documented reductions in steel production during the global economic crisis that peaked in the first half of 2009.
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2

Slavik, Catherine E., Sheila Kalenge, and Paul A. Demers. "Recent trends in the industrial use and emission of known and suspected carcinogens in Ontario, Canada." Reviews on Environmental Health 33, no. 1 (March 28, 2018): 99–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/reveh-2017-0021.

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AbstractBackground:In 2010, Ontario, Canada’s most populous province, implemented its Toxics Reduction Act, Ontario Regulation 455/09 (TRA), which requires four major manufacturing and mineral processing industry groups that already report releases of pollutants federally to the National Pollutant Release Inventory to additionally track, account and report their use and creation. The TRA was modeled after the Massachusetts Toxics Use Reduction Act of 1989, which has been very successful and reported significant reduction in toxic use and carcinogen release.Methods:Data from the TRA were retrieved, and the trends in the use and release of 17 known and suspected carcinogens associated with the seven most prevalent cancers diagnosed in Ontario and reported by industrial facilities in Ontario from 2011 to 2015 were examined using methodology adapted from (Jacobs MM, Massey RI, Tenney H, Harriman E. Reducing the use of carcinogens: the Massachusetts experience. Rev Environ Health 2014;29(4):319–40).Results:Carcinogens associated with lung cancers, leukemia and lymphomas were observed as the most used and released carcinogens in Ontario by amount. Overall, for 2011–2015, there was an observed reduction in the industrial use of carcinogens, except among breast carcinogens, which increased by 20%. An increase in the industrial releases of carcinogens was observed across all cancer sites, except among lung carcinogens, which decreased by 28%.Conclusion:The results of this study highlight the potential for reducing the cancer burden by reducing the use and release of select carcinogens associated with particularly prevalent cancers. Toxics use reduction programs can support cancer prevention initiatives by promoting targeted reductions in exposures to industrial carcinogens.
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3

Irei, Satoshi, Jacek Stupak, Xueping Gong, Tak-Wai Chan, Michelle Cox, Robert McLaren, and Jochen Rudolph. "Molecular Marker Study of Particulate Organic Matter in Southern Ontario Air." Journal of Analytical Methods in Chemistry 2017 (2017): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/3504274.

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To study the origins of airborne particulate organic matter in southern Ontario, molecular marker concentrations were studied at Hamilton, Simcoe, and York Gateway Tunnel, representing industrial, rural, and heavy traffic sites, respectively. Airborne particulate matter smaller than 10 μm in aerodynamic diameter was collected on quartz filters, and the collected samples were analyzed for total carbons, 5-6 ring PAHs, hopanes, n-alkanes (C20 to C34), and oxygenated aromatic compounds. Results showed that PAH concentrations at all three sites were highly correlated, indicating vehicular emissions as the major source. Meanwhile, in the scatter plots of α,β-hopane and trisnorhopane, concentrations displayed different trends for Hamilton and Simcoe. The slopes of the linear regressions for Hamilton and the tunnel were statistically the same, while the slope for Simcoe was significantly different from those. Comparison with literature values revealed that the trend observed at Simcoe was explained by the influence from coal combustion. We also found that the majority of oxygenated aromatic compounds at both sites were in the similar level, possibly implying secondary products contained in the southern Ontario air. Regardless of some discrepancies, absolute principal component analysis applied to the datasets could reproduce those findings.
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4

Penner, Margaret. "Yield prediction for mixed species stands in boreal Ontario." Forestry Chronicle 84, no. 1 (February 1, 2008): 46–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc84046-1.

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Wood supply of the major industrial species groups (spruce–pine–fir [Picea–Pinus–Abies spp.] and poplar [Populus spp.]) in the boreal forest of Ontario is forecast to fall below demand in the relatively near future. This has lead to more interest in the growth and yield of mixedwood forests. Mixedwood stands are defined for forest management planning as stands in which 26% to 75% of the canopy is softwood. With an average growth rate one-third higher than the average for all forest types combined, mixed species stands have potential to mitigate some of the shortfalls. This paper reviews the history of yield curve development in Ontario and some of the current initiatives in mixedwood modeling. The Forestry Research Partnership, a partnership between Tembec, the Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, the Canadian Forest Service, and the Canadian Ecology Centre, was formed in 1999. One of the first projects of the Partnership was to update the provincial yield curves. These updated curves provide good estimates of yield for mixedwoods on upland, drier sites but mixedwoods on moister sites need to be further stratified by leading species. Mid-rotation activities such as density regulation and partial harvesting in the selection or shelterwood silvicultural systems are generally tree-level activities. These are more compatible with tree-level models. Ontario is calibrating the Forest Vegetation Simulator (FVS) for use in Ontario and this shows particular promise in mixedwood modeling. Key words: mixedwood growth, yield tables, FVS
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5

Cooper, A. J. "Waste disposal site selection techniques in Quaternary terraine Ontario, Canada." Geological Society, London, Engineering Geology Special Publications 7, no. 1 (1991): 211–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/gsl.eng.1991.007.01.19.

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AbstractThick and predictable deposits of fine grained Quaternary materials have been used for the siting of waste management facilities in Ontario. The search for such sites is founded on the application of techniques in Quaternary geology and hydrogeology. Two examples are presented. Oxford County is located southwest of Toronto in an area of parallel morainic ridges separated by flat till plains. Conventional wisdom would focus on the till plains for thick, consistent fine grained Quaternary Sediments. However, the careful analysis of the Quaternary stratigraphy and glacial history revealed that better sites are located along the moraines. A site on the Ingersoll Moraine was studied in detail and defended at a public hearing. Concerns about the geology of the materials were allayed by the confirmation of homogeneous clayey silt materials exposed when the site opened in late 1986. A much wider ranging search was undertaken for a major hazardous and liquid industrial waste treatment and disposal facility for the Province of Ontario. Progressively more detailed investigations of the Quaternary geology were used to assist a multi-disciplinary site selection team. Initial interpretations covered an area of 75 000 km2 at a scale of 1:250 000. Eight candidate sites were then selected for further investigation with five continuously sampled stratigraphic boreholes. The chosen site is located in a depression in the bedrock filled with 40 m of glaciolacustrine clayey silt. Site specific hydrogeological and geotechnical studies were integrated with a detailed geological investigation.
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6

Jeong, C. H., G. J. Evans, M. L. McGuire, R. Y. W. Chang, J. P. D. Abbatt, K. Zeromskiene, M. Mozurkewich, S. M. Li, and W. R. Leaitch. "Particle formation and growth at five rural and urban sites." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 10, no. 5 (May 3, 2010): 11615–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-10-11615-2010.

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Abstract. Ultrafine particle (UFP) number and size distributions were simultaneously measured at five urban and rural sites in Southern Ontario, Canada as part of the Border Air Quality and Meteorology Study (BAQS-Met 2007). Particle formation and growth events at these five sites were classified based on their strength and persistence as well as the variation in geometric mean diameter. Regional nucleation and growth events and local short-lived strong nucleation events were frequently observed at the near-border rural sites, upwind of industrial sources. Surprisingly, the particle number concentrations at one of these sites were higher than the concentrations at a downtown site in a major city, despite its high traffic density. Regional nucleation and growth events were favored at intense solar irradiance and less polluted cooler drier air. The most distinctive regional particle nucleation and growth event during the campaign was observed simultaneously at all five sites, which were up to 350 km apart. Although the ultrafine particle concentrations and size distributions generally were spatially heterogeneous across the region, a more uniform spatial distribution of UFP across the five areas was observed during this regional nucleation event. Thus, nucleation events can cover large regions, contributing to the burden of UFP in cities and potentially to the associated health impacts on urban populations. In addition, particle formation in southwestern Ontario appears to more often be related to anthropogenic gaseous emissions, although biogenic emissions may at times contribute. Local short-lived nucleation events at the near-border sites during this three-week campaign were associated with high SO2, which likely originated from US and Canadian industrial sources. These particle formation events may contribute to the production of cloud condensation nuclei, thus potentially influencing regional climate. Longer-term studies are needed to help resolve the relative contributions of anthropogenic and biogenic emissions to nucleation and growth in this region.
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7

Jeong, C. H., G. J. Evans, M. L. McGuire, R. Y. W. Chang, J. P. D. Abbatt, K. Zeromskiene, M. Mozurkewich, S. M. Li, and W. R. Leaitch. "Particle formation and growth at five rural and urban sites." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 10, no. 16 (August 27, 2010): 7979–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-7979-2010.

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Abstract. Ultrafine particle (UFP) number and size distributions were simultaneously measured at five urban and rural sites during the summer of 2007 in Ontario, Canada as part of the Border Air Quality and Meteorology Study (BAQS-Met 2007). Particle formation and growth events at these five sites were classified based on their strength and persistence as well as the variation in geometric mean diameter. Regional nucleation and growth events and local short-lived strong nucleation events were frequently observed at the near-border rural sites, upwind of industrial sources. Surprisingly, the particle number concentrations at one of these sites were higher than the concentrations at a downtown site in a major city, despite its high traffic density. Regional nucleation and growth events were favored during intense solar irradiance and in less polluted cooler drier air. The most distinctive regional particle nucleation and growth event during the campaign was observed simultaneously at all five sites, which were up to 350 km apart. Although the ultrafine particle concentrations and size distributions generally were spatially heterogeneous across the region, a more uniform spatial distribution of UFP across the five areas was observed during this regional nucleation event. Thus, nucleation events can cover large regions, contributing to the burden of UFP in cities and potentially to the associated health impacts on urban populations. Local short-lived nucleation events at the three near-border sites during this summer three-week campaign were associated with high SO2, which likely originated from US and Canadian industrial sources. Hence, particle formation in southwestern Ontario appears to often be related to anthropogenic gaseous emissions but biogenic emissions at times also contribute. Longer-term studies are needed to help resolve the relative contributions of anthropogenic and biogenic emissions to nucleation and growth in this region.
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8

Mayer, T., and E. Nagy. "Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Suspended Particulates from Hamilton Harbour." Water Quality Research Journal 27, no. 4 (November 1, 1992): 807–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wqrj.1992.049.

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Abstract The concentrations and relative abundances of sixteen priority pollutant polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were measured in suspended particulates and benthic sediments from Hamilton Harbour. The PAH concentrations in suspended particulates, often as high as PAH concentrations in benthic sediments, ranged between 4.41 and 106.02 µg/g. The highest PAH concentrations were found in areas close to the industrial sites. Selected samples of suspended particulates from western part of Lake Ontario were also analyzed for PAHs to learn about the transport of PAHs from the harbour to Lake Ontario via the Burlington Ship Canal. The results reveal export of PAHs along with the other contaminants from Hamilton Harbour to Lake Ontario. In addition to PAHs, n-alkanes were determined in all samples, as they are readily determined from the extracts and they are useful in deciphering the sources of suspended particulates, hence particle-associated PAHs.
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9

Comba, Michael E., Janice L. Metcalfe-Smith, and Klaus L. E. Kaiser. "Zebra Mussels as Biomonitors for Organic Contaminants in the Lower Great Lakes." Water Quality Research Journal 31, no. 2 (May 1, 1996): 411–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wqrj.1996.023.

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Abstract Zebra mussels were collected from 24 sites in Lake Erie, Lake Ontario and the St. Lawrence River between 1990 and 1992. Composite samples of whole mussels (15 sites) or soft tissues (9 sites) were analyzed for residues of organochlo-rine pesticides and PCBs to evaluate zebra mussels as biomonitors for organic contaminants. Mussels from most sites contained measurable quantities of most of the analytes. Mean concentrations were (in ng/g, whole mussel dry weight basis) 154 ΣPCB, 8.4 ΣDDT, 3.5 Σchlordane, 3.4 Σaldrin, 1.4 ΣBHC, 1.0 Σendosulfan, 0.80 mirex and 0.40 Σchlorobenzene. Concentrations varied greatly between sites, i.e., from 22 to 497 ng/g for ΣPCB and from 0.08 to 11.6 ng/g for ΣBHC, an indication that mussels are sensitive to different levels of contamination. Levels of ΣPCB and Σendosulfan were highest in mussels from the St. Lawrence River, whereas mirex was highest in those from Lake Ontario. Overall, mussels from Lake Erie were the least contaminated. These observations agree well with the spatial contaminant trends shown by other biomoni-toring programs. PCB congener class profiles in zebra mussels are also typical for nearby industrial sources, e.g., mussels below an aluminum casting plant contained 55% di-, tri- and tetrachlorobiphenyls versus 31% in those upstream. We propose the use of zebra mussels as biomonitors of organic contamination in the Great Lakes.
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10

Metcalfe, C. D., M. L. Ferguson, and T. L. Metcalfe. "Flux of PCBs into Water in Little Lake, Peterborough, Ontario." Water Quality Research Journal 28, no. 2 (May 1, 1993): 495–512. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wqrj.1993.024.

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Abstract The Otonabee River downstream of Peterborough, Ontario, has been contaminated with PCBs as a result of a history of industrial discharges into Little Lake. It has been suggested that downstream sites have become contaminated as a result of desorption of PCBs from contaminated Little Lake sediments, In a laboratory microcosm study, the PCB flux from Little Lake sediments into water was calculated to be 0.4 µg/m2/d, which, when extrapolated to the sediment area of Little Lake, corresponds to a total PCB flux of 0.09 g/d. However, from analysis of water samples upstream and downstream of Little Lake, the total flux of PCBs from Little Lake was calculated to be 13.2 g/d. This discrepancy between calculated flux rates indicates that either the laboratory microcosm study underestimated PCB flux, or there is another source of PCBs in Little Lake other than contaminated sediments. The preponderance of highly chlorinated PCB congeners in water samples collected downstream of Little Lake lends support to the latter hypothesis.
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Books on the topic "Industrial sites – Ontario – Vaughan"

1

Branch, Ontario Waste Management. Inventory of industrial sites producing or using coal tar and related tars in Ontario. Toronto: Intera Technologies, 1988.

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Branch, Ontario Waste Management. Inventory of industrial sites producing or using coal tar and related tars in Ontario. Toronto: Intera Technologies, 1988.

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Branch, Ontario Waste Management. Guidelines for the decommissioning and cleanup of sites in Ontario: Report. Toronto: Environment Ontario, 1992.

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Institute, Canadian Urban, and Toronto (Ont.). Environmental Protection Office., eds. Historical land use inventories: A guide for Ontario municipalities. [Toronto]: Canadian Urban Institute, 1997.

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Ontario. Ministry of Environment and Energy., ed. Proposed guideline for the clean-up of contaminated sites in Ontario. Toronto, Ont: Ontario Ministry of Environment and Energy, 1994.

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Reports on the topic "Industrial sites – Ontario – Vaughan"

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Industrial minerals in eastern Ontario: Sillimanite Recovery For Clarendon and Otter Creek Sites. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/130821.

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