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1
McCrystal, Shae, and Belinda Smith. "Industrial Legislation in 2010." Journal of Industrial Relations 53, no. 3 (June 2011): 288–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022185611402004.
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Two themes in legislative activity in 2010 were national uniformity and some movement in using law to promote equality, especially gender equality. The Fair Work Act 2009 (Cth) came into full effect with the commencement of the new safety net provisions and the referral to the Commonwealth of industrial relations powers over private-sector workforces in all states except Western Australia. Progress continued on the promised harmonization of Australian occupational health and safety laws with the release of a model Work Health and Safety Bill by Safe Work Australia, although developments in some states threaten to derail the process. An attempt to repeal most of the industry-specific regulation of the building and construction industry failed. The Federal Parliament passed legislation establishing a national paid parental leave scheme, and a number of changes to federal discrimination laws came into effect or were proposed, including the potential consolidation of federal discrimination legislation. This article provides an overview of these developments at federal level and concludes with a discussion of developments in the states including a brief overview of Victoria’s new equal opportunity legislation.
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Foley, Meraiah, Sue Williamson, and Sarah Mosseri. "Women, work and industrial relations in Australia in 2019." Journal of Industrial Relations 62, no. 3 (March 18, 2020): 365–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022185620909402.
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Interest in women’s labour force participation, economic security and pay equity received substantial media and public policy attention throughout 2019, largely attributable to the federal election and the Australian Labor Party platform, which included a comprehensive suite of policies aimed at advancing workplace gender equality. Following the Australian Labor Party’s unexpected loss at the polls, however, workplace gender equality largely faded from the political agenda. In this annual review, we cover key gender equality indicators in Australia, examine key election promises made by both major parties, discuss the implications of the Royal Commission into Aged Care Quality and Safety for the female-dominated aged care workforce, and provide a gendered analysis on recent debates and developments surrounding the ‘future of work’ in Australia.
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Purse, Kevin. "Workplace Health and Safety Deregulation in South Australia." Journal of Industrial Relations 41, no. 3 (September 1999): 468–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002218569904100307.
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In July 1998 the Soutb Australian goverment released a Discussion Paper concern ing the future of occupational bealth and safety regulation in South Australia. In examining the paradigm shift proposed in the Discussion Paper, this paper highlights the importance of workplace health and safety as public polig issues in Australia and seeks to locate the Discussion Paper within the broader context of deregulatory changes in the administration of occupational health and safety legislation that have occurred in South Australia in recent years. It identifies several fundamental flaws in the proposals put forward for change and suggests that the major problem with tbe regulation of occupational health and safety in South Australia is the failure to effectively administer the legislation. The paper also advances a number of proposals designed to achieve greater compliance with the legislation. It concludes that the major proposals contained in the Discussion Paper are unlikely to find widespread practical expression.
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Wardani, Hertanti Kusuma, and Nur Khamim. "Overview Analisis Sistem Manajemen Keselamatan pada Industri Pertambangan Di Beberapa Negara." Syntax Idea 3, no. 2 (February 20, 2021): 298. http://dx.doi.org/10.36418/syntax-idea.v3i2.1054.
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The effort to reduce and eliminate the dangers of mining activities by preventing losses that is by implementing the application of safety management. Safety management systems are applied throughout the world. The world gets permission for industrial safety and health to get occupational safety and health. This safety management system is not only applied in Indonesia but also applied in several other countries such as South Korea, Singapore, Malaysia and Australia. In this study an analysis of the differences in the safety management system in these countries with an outline with the aim to carry out an analysis of the safety management system in large rock countries. The comparison obtained from the management system required and applied by the government regarding the safety system in these countries. For Indonesia and Singapore, a safety management system must be implemented in industrial companies, whereas for countries such as South Korea the safety management system is voluntary in other words the safety management system is implemented voluntarily by the industry. Australia is more applying safety management system standards and references for industrial needs. Safety management systems in Australia, South Korea and Malaysia are being readjusted to suit industry needs.
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Deves, Leigh, and Robert Spillane. "Occupational Health, Stress, and Work Organization in Australia." International Journal of Health Services 19, no. 2 (April 1989): 351–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/fqr6-ngun-40v9-muyg.
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Contemporary issues and changes in occupational health are reviewed in this article, with particular reference to salient historical and ideological influences on industrial relations in Australia. Comprehensive occupational health and safety legislation has been introduced recently, and the views of employers and unions are analyzed. Research into occupational stress has continued to provide guidelines for work reform, but the controversy generated by the Australian phenomenon known as Repetition Strain Injury (RSI) has raised important issues for the work reform movement.
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Carpenter, Chris. "Technical Solution Improves Safety, Efficiency of Well Construction Offshore Australia." Journal of Petroleum Technology 73, no. 10 (October 1, 2021): 46–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/1021-0046-jpt.
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This article, written by JPT Technology Editor Chris Carpenter, contains highlights of paper SPE 202353, “Drilling-Performance and Risk-Management Optimization Offshore Australia: Improving Overall Safety and Efficiency of the Well-Construction Process,” by Chandrasekhar Kirthi Singam, Farshid Hafezi, and Clyde Rebello, Schlumberger, et al., prepared for the 2020 SPE Asia Pacific Oil and Gas Conference and Exhibition, originally scheduled to be held in Perth, Australia, 20–22 October. The paper has not been peer reviewed. The emergence of real-time well construction performance-monitoring centers has improved the service delivery for operators across numerous offshore oil fields in Australia significantly. The complete paper details new technologies and work flows implemented for three Australian offshore wells, with the primary objective of improving drilling efficiency while managing associated risks. Additional objectives included optimizing daily operational performance, thus delivering time savings for the operator and highlighting areas of possible improvements. Introduction The paper describes a successful drilling campaign in a challenging field in the Timor Sea. It describes how data analysis, risk evaluation, and real-time performance monitoring can be influential in saving rig time and project success. As part of this project, a major operator in Australia decided to perform an infill drilling campaign involving three high-angle directional wells (J type) in a saturated, complex field. The campaign design stage was initiated in 2017 with a main objective of delivering the project within authority-for-expenditure (AFE) budget and with planning for all potential challenges. Technical Overview The technical solution (Fig. 1) was deployed using drilling-interpretation software and executed its work flows to achieve the required objectives.
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Layman, Lenore, Michael Quinlan, Philip Bohle, Michael Quinlan, and Alice Russell. "Managing Occupational Health and Safety in Australia." Labour History, no. 67 (1994): 185. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/27509299.
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Ziersch, Anna, Moira Walsh, Clemence Due, and Alex Reilly. "Temporary Refugee and Migration Visas in Australia: An Occupational Health and Safety Hazard." International Journal of Health Services 51, no. 4 (January 28, 2021): 531–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0020731420980688.
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Employment and work-related exploitation and discrimination are important social determinants of health. However, little is known about the experiences of people on temporary visas in Australia, particularly those on refugee visas. This article reports on a study of people living on temporary visas in South Australia and their experiences of workforce exploitation and discrimination and impacts on health. Interviews were conducted with 30 people: 11 on non-refugee temporary visas and 19 on refugee temporary visas. Data was analyzed thematically. Analysis identified experiences of exploitation and discrimination in the Australian labor market that included difficulties securing work, underpayment, overwork, and hazardous workplaces. These experiences had negative health effects, particularly on mental health. None had made a formal complaint about their treatment, citing the precarity of their visas, difficulties finding an alternative job, and lack of knowledge about what to do. The impacts were especially evident for refugees who were also grappling with pre-settlement trauma and ongoing uncertainties about their future protection. Overall, these findings of discrimination and exploitation in the workplace and subsequent ill health highlight the pervasive impact of neoliberal agendas and stress the need for industrial, immigration, and welfare reform to protect workers on temporary visas.
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Fildes, Brian. "Vehicle safety in Australia using real world crash data." International Journal of Crashworthiness 3, no. 1 (January 1998): 45–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1533/cras.1998.0060.
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Quinlan, Michael, and David Walters. "Knowledge Activists on Health and Safety: Workmen-Inspectors in Metalliferous Mining in Australia 1901-25." Labour History: Volume 119, Issue 1 119, no. 1 (November 1, 2020): 31–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/jlh.2020.17.
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Worker campaigns for a more direct say in protecting their health and safety are a significant but under-researched subject in labour history. Largely overlooked are the attempts by coalminers in the UK, Australia and Canada to establish mechanisms for representation on health and safety in the 1870s. This push for a voice then spread to New Zealand, France, Belgium and other countries, with unions eventually securing legislative rights to inspect their workplaces a century before workers in other industries gained similar entitlements. In Australia metalliferous miners’ unions followed coalminers in initiating a parallel campaign for the right to appoint their own mine-site and district inspectors (known as “check-inspectors”) from the late nineteenth century. This article examines the struggle for and activities/impact of workmen-inspectors in Australian metalliferous mines, including adoption of the competing UK-Australian and Continental-European models. It finds the development conforms to a resistance rather than mutual-cooperation perspective with check-inspectors performing the role of “knowledge activists.” The article argues this finding is not only relevant to understanding more recent experience of worker involvement in occupational health and safety but also demonstrates the relevance of historical research to contemporary regulatory policy debates and union strategies.
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Warren-Langford, P., D. R. Biggins, and M. Phillips. "Union Participation in Occupational Health and Safety in Western Australia." Journal of Industrial Relations 35, no. 4 (December 1993): 585–606. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002218569303500405.
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Barry, Michael, and Rebecca Loudoun. "Industrial Relations, Occupational Safety and Health, and Union Organising in Australia: Lessons and Opportunities." Policy and Practice in Health and Safety 4, no. 1 (January 2006): 31–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14774003.2006.11667674.
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Sgrò, Silvana. "Health workforce policy and industrial relations in Australia: ministerial insights into challenges and opportunities for reform." Australian Health Review 38, no. 4 (2014): 471. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah14027.
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Since the Productivity Commission released its research report Australia’s Health Workforce in 2005, there has been a significant increase in government funding and policy capacity aimed at health workforce reform and innovation in Australia. This research paper presents the results of semistructured interviews with three key stakeholders in health policy formation in Australia: (1) The Honourable Lindsay Tanner, former Federal Minister for Finance and therefore 100% shareholder of Medibank Private on behalf of the Commonwealth; (2) The Honourable Daniel Andrews, former Victorian Minister for Health and current Victorian Opposition Leader; and (3) The Honourable Jim McGinty, former Minister for Health and Attorney General of Western Australia and current inaugural Chair of Health Workforce Australia. The paper examines key issues they identified in relation to health workforce policy in Australia, particularly where it intersects with industrial relations, and conducts a comparative analysis between their responses and theoretical methodologies of policy formation as a means of informing a reform process. What is known about the topic? Australia is experiencing an increasing demand for ever-improving health services and outcomes from an increasingly health-literate public, coupled with significant workforce shortages across some key categories of healthcare professionals. Health costs are also increasing. As a result governments in all nine jurisdictions in Australia are seeking to rein in those costs without negatively impacting on quality, safety or continued improvements in health outcomes. They are simultaneously seeking to minimise any political controversy or negative electoral repercussions associated with health reform. What does this paper add? This paper further informs an understanding of how health workforce policy is formulated and implemented by presenting the results of interviews with two former Ministers for Health and the former Federal Finance Minister on health workforce policy reform in Australia. It analyses their responses and their decision-making processes against theoretical frameworks of health policy formation, including agenda setting, and the political reality of policy formation at a ministerial level. What are the implications for practitioners? This paper provides a unique and original analysis for practitioners of policy formation. It also illustrates and analyses ministerial insights into the current health workforce reform agenda being developed and implemented by the Council of Australian Governments and contributes to an evidence base of the reform process going forward.
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Cowling, Sally, and William Mitchell. "Taking the Low Road: Minimum Wage Determination under Work Choices." Journal of Industrial Relations 49, no. 5 (November 2007): 741–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022185607084390.
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The Workplace Relations Amendment (Work Choices) Act 2005 changes the architecture of labour market regulation in Australia in a significant way. The focus of this article is on changes to the regulatory framework for minimum wage determination and the rationale for, and likely consequences of, conferring this power on the Australian Fair Pay Commission. Underpinning the Work Choices package is the view that Safety Net wage rises awarded by the Australian Industrial Relations Commission have had negative effects on employment. In this article we establish that the evidence to support this claim is weak, and is being used to engineer a historic shift in the objectives of the Australian wage setting process. We argue that the new legislation will act as a downward drag on the pay and conditions of minimum wage workers and advance an alternative policy approach in which attaining full employment does not require us to abandon the principle of fairness or a decent wage floor.
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Chang, Joshua, Antonio Travaglione, and Grant O’Neill. "Job attitudes between unionized and non-unionized employees." International Journal of Organizational Analysis 25, no. 4 (September 4, 2017): 647–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijoa-06-2016-1034.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to study job attitudes between unionized and non-unionized employees in Australia as recent research on attitudes among unionized employees has centred on topics such as attitudes towards unionization and involvement, but not on work-related attitudes. Design/methodology/approach This study uses a data set of over 5,000 responses from the Australia at Work survey. Ten attitudinal survey questions adapted from the Australian Workplace Industrial Relations Survey and the Australian Survey of Social Attitudes were used to compare work-related attitudinal differences between unionized and non-unionized employees. Findings Findings show that unionized employees perceive less manager–employee consultation, health and safety, dispensability, time flexibility, workload flexibility, managerial trust, fair treatment and pay equity. Originality/value Not much is known about the attitudinal differences between unionized and non-unionized employees, given the paucity of research on unionist job attitudes. Recent research in this area has centred on employee attitudes towards unionization and involvement as opposed to studying work-related attitudes. The findings can help the management predict behavioural responses between unionized and non-unionized employees for improved decision making.
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Saksvik, Per Øystein, and Michael Quinlan. "Regulating Systematic Occupational Health and Safety Management." Articles 58, no. 1 (December 9, 2003): 33–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/007368ar.
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Summary The promotion of systematic occupational health and safety management (SOHSM) represents a comparatively recent but significant realignment of regulatory strategy that has been embraced by many, if not most, industrialized countries. As yet there has been little critical evaluation of the origins and implications of this shift, and to what extent the experience of these measures differs between countries. This article seeks to start the process of answering these questions by comparing SOHSM in Norway and Australia. We identified a number of common challenges (problems of “paper” compliance, limited union input and the growth of precarious employment). In particular, the article highlights the interdependence of OHS and industrial relations regulatory regimes and argues the move away from inclusive collectivist regimes places significant constraints on independent vetting of SOHSM—a crucial element in their effectiveness.
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Williams, Claire. "Book Reviews : Managing Occupational Health and Safety in Australia: a Multidisciplinary Approach." Journal of Industrial Relations 34, no. 1 (March 1992): 183–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002218569203400118.
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Allen, Dominique, and Ingrid Landau. "Major court and tribunal decisions in Australia in 2017." Journal of Industrial Relations 60, no. 3 (April 20, 2018): 397–413. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022185618759746.
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This annual survey of significant court and tribunal decisions in Australia in 2017 covers changes to the award safety net implemented through the 4-yearly review, including in relation to penalty rates and casual employment. It outlines developments in collective bargaining, focusing on agreement-making, protected industrial action, the good faith bargaining provisions and the rise in successful applications by employers for termination of agreements. A Queensland decision considering community pickets and the interaction between state peaceful assembly legislation and the Fair Work Act is also noted. Decisions on workplace discrimination show that the courts are still grappling with Fair Work Act provisions in this area, and taking divergent approaches. The survey also discusses a successful accessorial liability action taken by the Fair Work Ombudsman, which is significant for both internal and external business advisors.
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Votano, Simon, and Riza Yosia Sunindijo. "Client Safety Roles in Small and Medium Construction Projects in Australia." Journal of Construction Engineering and Management 140, no. 9 (September 2014): 04014045. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)co.1943-7862.0000899.
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Penney, Greg, Greg Smith, Simon Ridge, and Marcus Cattani. "A Review of the Standard of Care Owed to Australian Firefighters from a Safety Perspective—The Differences between Academic Theory and Legal Obligations." Fire 5, no. 3 (May 31, 2022): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fire5030073.
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Working in high consequence yet low frequency, events Australian fire service Incident Controllers are required to make critical decisions with limited information in time-poor environments, whilst balancing competing priorities and pressures, to successfully solve dynamic large-scale disaster situations involving dozens of personnel within the Incident Management Team, including of front-line responders from multiple jurisdictions. They must also do this within the boundaries of public and political expectations, industrial agreements, and the legal requirement to maintain a safe workplace for all workers, inclusive of volunteers. In addition to these operational objectives, fire services must also provide realistic training to prepare frontline staff, whilst satisfying legislative requirements to provide a safe workplace under legislation that does not distinguish between emergency services and routine business contexts. In order to explore this challenge, in this article we review the different safety standards expected through industrial and legal lenses, and contextualize the results to the firefighting environment in Australia. Whilst an academic argument may be presented that firefighting is a reasonably unique workplace which exposes workers to a higher level of harm than many other workplaces, and that certain levels of firefighter injury and even fatality are acceptable, no exception or distinction is provided for the firefighting context within the relevant safety legislation. Until such time that fire services adopt the legal interpretations and applications and develop true safety management systems as opposed to relying on “dynamic risk assessment” as a defendable position, the ability of fire services and individual Incident Controllers to demonstrate they have managed risk as so far as reasonably practicable will remain ultimately problematic from a legal perspective.
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Matheson, Alan. "Human Rights and the Rights of Migrant Workers: The Role of Trade Unions in Australia." Asian and Pacific Migration Journal 2, no. 2 (June 1993): 223–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/011719689300200207.
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This article presents an overview of the comprehensive policies and programs for migrant workers of the Australian Council of Trade Unions. To be effective in ensuring the industrial rights of overseas born workers, a combination of different strategies needs to be employed. Legislative, regulatory and administrative frameworks need to be established and agreed to by all parties. Information and education are integral to any strategy and should be multifaceted, multilingual and include the utilization of a variety of resources. In Australia, some of the most effective campaigns, particularly in the areas of occupational health and safety and discrimination, have occurred where there has been cooperation between unions, employers, governments and community agencies. Training is an essential element of services for overseas born workers. Governments and trade unions will not only need to come to terms with the changing nature of the regional and international movement of workers but will need to develop mechanisms for meeting their social and economic needs and monitoring the effective delivery of services and programs.
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Fells, R. E., and J. R. Weaver. "Computer-Assisted Instruction in Industrial Relations Teaching." Journal of Industrial Relations 30, no. 2 (June 1988): 215–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002218568803000202.
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The teaching of industrial relations in Australia is a fairly recent phenomenon, principally developing over the last twenty years. Consequently it is only recently that the 'academic infrastructure'—viable industrial relations departments, a range of literature, a choice of texts and journals—has developed to enable the subject to become an identifiable area of teaching. As a result it is not surprising that the use of computers in teaching industrial relations is not well developed when compared with other disciplines, such as economics, management and accounting where games, simulations and question testing banks are available. However, the use of computer-assisted instruction (CAI) is not confined to academic institutions: it has the potential to be a low-cost delivery system for training within other organizations. Employers, employer organizations and unions all engage in training and, therefore, all have a potential use for CAI. A number of government agencies are examining the use of computer- assisted instruction in training staff in, for example, occupational health and safety, and it has potential as a tool in professional development programmes. With the development of microcomputers the costs of using CAI are declining.
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Louie, Amber M., Aleck S. Ostry, Michael Quinlan, Tessa Keegel, Jean Shoveller, and Anthony D. LaMontagne. "Empirical Study of Employment Arrangements and Precariousness in Australia." Articles 61, no. 3 (February 6, 2007): 465–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/014186ar.
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Much research on precarious employment compares permanent workers with one or two other broadly-defined employment categories. We developed a more refined method of examining precariousness by defining current employment arrangements in terms of job characteristics. These employment arrangement categories were then compared in terms of socio-demographics and self-reported job insecurity. This investigation was based on a cross-sectional population-based survey of a random sample of 1,101 working Australians. Eight mutually exclusive employment categories were identified: Permanent Full-time (46.4%), Permanent Part-time (18.3%), Casual Full-time (2.7%), Casual Part-time (9.3%), Fixed Term Contract (2.1%), Labour Hire (3.6%), Own Account Self-employed (7.4%), and Other Self-employed (9.5%). These showed significant and coherent differences in job characteristics, socio-demographics and perceived job insecurity. These empirically-supported categories may provide a conceptual guide for government agencies, policy makers and researchers in areas including occupational health and safety, taxation, labour market regulations, the working poor, child poverty, benefit programs, industrial relations, and skills development.
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Carpenter, Chris. "Regulator Analyzes Australia’s Decommissioning Challenge." Journal of Petroleum Technology 74, no. 12 (December 1, 2022): 51–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/1222-0051-jpt.
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_ This article, written by JPT Technology Editor Chris Carpenter, contains highlights of paper SPE 208483, “Is Australia Prepared for the Decommissioning Challenge? A Regulator’s Perspective,” by David Christensen and Andrew Re, National Offshore Petroleum Safety and Environmental Management Authority. The paper has not been peer reviewed. _ The Australian offshore petroleum industry has been in operation since the early 1960s and at the time of writing has approximately 57 platforms, 11 floating facilities, 3500 km of pipelines, and 1,000 wells in operation. Many offshore facilities are now approaching the end of their operational lives. Modeling has estimated Australia’s combined offshore petroleum industry decommissioning liability (including wells, pipelines, subsea equipment, and facilities) to be $40.5 billion. The purpose of the complete paper is to highlight the importance and benefit of adopting best practices when planning for decommissioning throughout the life cycle of a petroleum project. Introduction Australia’s offshore petroleum decommissioning challenge is significant given its remote location, limited availability of specialist services, and the relative infancy of its offshore industry in undertaking large-scale decommissioning projects. Recent events in Australia have shown that the industry is, broadly speaking, unprepared for decommissioning. Australian Regulatory Approach The Offshore Petroleum and Greenhouse Gas Storage (OPGGS) Act of 2006 and associated regulations provide the legal framework for the exploration and recovery of petroleum and greenhouse gas activities in Australian Commonwealth waters (those areas that are more than 3 nautical miles from the territorial sea baseline). The key principle underpinning the OPGGS Act and regulations is that responsibility for ensuring the health and safety of workers and the protection of the environment lies with those who create the risks. An objective-based regulatory regime sets requirements that must be achieved but does not prescribe how those requirements must be met. The National Offshore Petroleum Safety and Environmental Management Authority (NOPSEMA) has been established and appointed under the OPGGS Act as regulator for health and safety, structural (well) integrity, and environmental management of petroleum activities in Australian waters (3–200 nautical miles offshore) and in coastal waters (0–3 nautical miles offshore) where regulatory powers and functions have been conferred. Section 572, Maintenance and Removal of Property. Section 572 of the OPGGS Act establishes requirements for maintenance and removal of property by the titleholders, along with exemptions and obligation provisions. Section 572(2) of the OPGGS Act provides that a titleholder must maintain in good condition and repair all structures that are, and all equipment and other property that is, in the title area and used in connection with operations. Section 572(3) of the OPGGS Act provides that a titleholder must remove from the title area all structures that are, and all equipment and other property that is, neither used nor to be used in connection with the operations in which the titleholder is or will be engaged.
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Rozen, Peter. "Book Reviews : OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY LAW IN AUSTRALIA By Adrian Brooks. Fourth edition, CCH Australia, North Ryde, 1993, x + 1053 pp., $70.50 (paperback)." Journal of Industrial Relations 37, no. 2 (June 1995): 316–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002218569503700212.
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Nyland, Chris, and Marco Michelotti. "Measuring Regulatory Changes in Employment Protection: Labour Standards in Australia 1979 to 2000." International Journal of Comparative Labour Law and Industrial Relations 22, Issue 1 (March 1, 2006): 39–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/ijcl2006004.
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Abstract: The primary objective of this study is to intervene in the debate on methods to measure and compare legally mandated employment conditions by applying a recently devised numerical instrument to Federal labour standards in Australia in two points in time. In order to achieve this aim, non-parametric absolute indexes are generated for 1979 and 2000 to measure the strength of labour standards and associated changes over time. The numerical results suggest that two of the 10 standards measured, workers? compensation and collective bargaining, diminished while the indexes for equal employment opportunity/employment equity, unjust discharge, occupational health and safety and large-scale layoffs increased. The central tenet of the paper is that although the numerical data provide useful information, they should be interpreted in light of broader regulatory and policy developments that substantially reshaped the features of the Australian employment protection regime during the period considered. This is necessary because the method utilised is highly sensitive to the nature of the regulatory sources that are adopted to construct the statistical indexes.
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Oliver, Bobbie. "“No Place for Tourists”: Deaths on Western Australian Construction Sites." Labour History: Volume 119, Issue 1 119, no. 1 (November 1, 2020): 115–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/jlh.2020.21.
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The deaths of three young “backpackers” on Perth building sites is the starting point for this investigation of an industry that is ranked the third most dangerous in Western Australia. All were on a working holiday. They were unskilled, untrained and underpaid, revealing aspects of the construction industry since the beginning of the twenty-first century. The article suggests these fatalities are occurring, despite OHS reforms and mandatory training, because the decline of trade union rights and presence on work sites has led to inadequate policing and enforcement of safety measures. Deregulation and employers’ over-emphasis on productivity have resulted in an unskilled, casual workforce and a culture of blaming individual employees rather than management, which has created a climate of fear where those who draw attention to safety breaches risk losing their jobs. The article considers arguments for introducing industrial manslaughter legislation, but the evidence suggests that the most effective solutions are to restore union rights. This would encourage a culture in which workers have a voice, and pointing out safety breaches on sites could be rewarded, rather than penalised.
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Vermeulen, Leo. "Line managements involvement in people management: A comparison between South Africa and Australia." South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences 6, no. 3 (September 30, 2003): 529–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajems.v6i3.3304.
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The purpose of this study was to obtain empirical data on expected shifts of people management activities from human resources managers to line managers. The research was done by means of a cross-cultural survey in South Africa (n=381) and Australia (n=653). The research results clearly indicate that there was a perceived shift of traditional people management functions to line management in both countries. This shift was more prominent in South Africa than in Australia. The main shift in South Africa seemed to be that line managers are increasingly involved in training and development. Equal employment opportunity was seen as the second most important area of change, followed by the use of human resources information systems, industrial relations, and occupational health and safety. Recruitment and selection were seen as the least important areas of change.
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Zou, Patrick X., and Guomin Zhang. "Comparative Study on the Perception of Construction Safety Risks in China and Australia." Journal of Construction Engineering and Management 135, no. 7 (July 2009): 620–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)co.1943-7862.0000019.
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Hogarth-Scott, Piers. "The Internet of Things (IoT) is transforming the oil and gas industry – reducing cost, improving operational efficiency, increasing safety and helping tap into new markets." APPEA Journal 57, no. 2 (2017): 469. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj16087.
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The Internet of Things (IoT) and its forecast 50 billion+ devices will transform industries with an estimated $11+ trillion annual impact to the global economy by 2025. In that same period, Australia has the opportunity to derive up to $116 billion in annual economic value from IoT. The IoT is taking the internet into everything that impacts our lives – from engineering to health, infrastructure, agriculture, mining and more. It is the future of digital connectivity, data accumulation and system efficiencies, but implementation requires sound strategy with a balance between innovation, opportunity and risk. KPMG views IoT as an opportunity for Australian technology companies, industries and entrepreneurs to be leaders in the development and execution of innovative IoT applications. The potential economic, social and environmental benefits from effective IoT solutions are vast. However, IoT developments must focus on security, privacy and trust, to ensure the safety of the IoT ecosystem and its users. The oil and gas industry have in many ways been leaders in the industrial IoT, recognising that innovation in IoT can reduce cost, improve operational efficiency, increase safety and help tap into new markets. However, to unlock the full economic opportunity presented by IoT, interoperability of technologies is essential. This paper explores IoT interoperability with a particular focus on Hypercat BSI PAS212:2016.
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Grose, I. J. "THE DEVELOPMENT OF GORGON AREA GAS." APPEA Journal 42, no. 2 (2002): 113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj01063.
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Australia will increasingly need to turn to natural gas to offset declining oil production and meet an expanding global need for clean energy. The Gorgon Development Joint Venture Participants, (ChevronTexaco/Exxon- Mobil/Shell), are poised to develop the significant Gorgon gas reserves located 130 km offshore the North West Australian coast to help fulfil this need.The Gorgon Development has access to extensive proved reserves of 13.8 Tcf and a development plan that can supply gas to a Barrow Island landfall at world competitive prices. Several concepts are being considered for development of the Gorgon reserves.Technology will play a key role, with the extensive use of subsea production facilities and innovative LNG design concepts being considered.The focus is on a design that would have a low unit cost and also provide new benchmarks in safety and environmental performance. The development of the Gorgon reserves could also facilitate the establishment of other gas-based industries in Western Australia and offers the opportunity for new gas-to-liquid (GTL) plants to lead Australia’s transition to a gas-based economy.The Gorgon Development is expected to attract nearly A$4 billion investment for an LNG development and a further A$2 billion for a major industrial gas consumer. Total export income could reach A$2,500 million per year for 30 years.
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Quinlan, Michael, and Richard Johnstone. "The implications of de-collectivist industrial relations laws and associated developments for worker health and safety in Australia, 1996-2007." Industrial Relations Journal 40, no. 5 (September 2009): 426–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2338.2009.00536.x.
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Guthrie, Robert, and Kevin Purse. "Business Regulation and Workers’ Compensation: A National Framework for Workers’ Compensation in Australia?" International Journal of Comparative Labour Law and Industrial Relations 25, Issue 4 (December 1, 2009): 395–410. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/ijcl2009026.
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Labour law in Australia is undergoing an unprecedented transformation. Fuelled by demands from big business and a dramatically changing constitutional landscape, the locus of regulation is shifting from the states and territories to the federal government. The most conspicuous illustration to date has been in the mainstream industrial relations arena as epitomized by the Howard Conservative Coalition Government’s Work Choices legislation. More recently, the Rudd Labour Government has championed a national approach to occupational health and safety law based on its ‘cooperative federalism’ agenda. Though less pronounced, workers’ compensation for injury at work has also been the subject of growing business demands for greater national regulation. In examining this issue, this paper will first of all outline previous attempts to develop a national workers’ compensation framework before turning to a consideration of more recent policy and legal developments, which have contributed to the emerging regulatory realignment of workers’ compensation laws and policy. The paper will also identify the major constraints on the drive for a national regulatory framework.
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Redden, Robert. "Genetic Modification for Agriculture—Proposed Revision of GMO Regulation in Australia." Plants 10, no. 4 (April 11, 2021): 747. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10040747.
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Genetic engineering (GM) of crops, modified with DNA transfer between species, has been highly regulated for over two decades. Now, genome editing (GE) enables a range of DNA alterations, from single base pair changes to precise gene insertion with site-directed nucleases (SDNs). Past regulations, established according to the precautionary principle of avoiding potential risks to human health and the environment, are predicated on fears fanned by well-funded and emotional anti-GM campaigns. These fears ignore the safety record of GM crops over the last 25 years and the benefits of GM to crop productivity, disease and pest resistance, and the environment. GE is now superseding GM, and public education is needed about its benefits and its potential to meet the challenges of climate change for crops. World population will exceed 9 billion by 2050, and world CO2 levels are now over 400 ppm in contrast with a pre-industrial 280 ppm, leading to a projected 1.5 °C global warming by 2050, with more stressful crop environments. The required abiotic and biotic stress tolerances can be introgressed from crop wild relatives (CWR) into domestic crops via GE. Restrictive regulations need to be lifted to facilitate GE technologies for sustainable agriculture in Australia and the world.
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Barton, Chris. "Using overseas labour as part of a project workforce—integration, not segregation." APPEA Journal 52, no. 2 (2012): 650. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj11064.
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The resources boom in Australia presents an unprecedented challenge to industry participants to find the skilled and semi-skilled labour they will need for projects, particularly in the construction phase, during the next few years. Wage pressures and critical labour shortages are major concerns for project owners, principal contractors, and other industry participants. Using temporary overseas labour is one option for alleviating these concerns; however, it brings its own challenges such as additional compliance obligations and the practical problems in integrating overseas workers into the workforce. Employers of temporary overseas labour will have ongoing sponsorship and access obligations that the Department of Immigration will scrutinise. Terms and conditions of employment, for example, must match those provided to Australian employees performing the same work. Employers must ensure their ongoing compliance with workplace relations and occupational health and safety laws as they apply to overseas workers. Training efforts must be directed to ensuring the transfer of skills from overseas workers to Australians where possible. These efforts must also be directed at Australians to take up employment opportunities and reduce the dependency on overseas labour across time. The integration of overseas workers to enable them to participate effectively in the workforce requires planning and proactive management. This extended abstract addresses the scope of the compliance obligations and the integration strategies to avoid the legal and industrial problems that will inevitably arise if overseas workers are segregated or isolated from the Australian workforce.
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Varshavsky, A. E., and V. V. Dubinina. "Global Trends and Directions of Development of Industrial Robots." MIR (Modernization. Innovation. Research) 11, no. 3 (October 27, 2020): 294–319. http://dx.doi.org/10.18184/2079-4665.2020.11.3.294-319.
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Purpose: the main purpose of this article is to analyze the main trends and directions of development of industrial robots, as well as the problems associated with their distribution. To achieve these goals, the following tasks were solved: analysis of the dynamics of the stock of industrial robots, the structure of the stock of robots by region (Europe, America, Asia / Australia), as well as the annual volumes and structure of world sales of robots by key industries; analysis of the main tasks of industrial robots, performed by them in these industries, and the directions of their use; analyze the dynamics of the robot fleet by industry in different countries (Japan, USA, South Korea, China, Germany, etc.); analysis of indicators and problems of using industrial robots in Russia.Methods: the research methodology consists in a comparative analysis of the use of industrial robots in different industries (automotive, food, chemical, electronic, etc.) based on statistical data by country. A systematic approach, tabular and graphical interpretation of information was applied, analysis of the dynamics of the levels of the time series, the calculation of growth indices of indicators.Results: the analysis showed that the use of industrial robots reduces injuries at the workplace, production costs and improves the quality of the final product, productivity, flexibility and safety, which contributes to a significant increase in their use in both developed and developing countries.Conclusions and Relevance: recently, robotization has become available even in non-industrial countries. The introduction of robotization into production processes increases the competitiveness of the economy. The acceleration of digitalization and automation, as well as the ease of use of industrial robots, are driving their proliferation. In Russia, the wider use of industrial robots, the development of the industrial Internet of things and the implementation of digitalization are possible only on the basis of the restoration and further development of mechanical engineering, electronic and other manufacturing industries.
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Williamson, Maxwell. "Fraccing forum." APPEA Journal 56, no. 1 (2016): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj15005.
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There have been 13 major inquiries completed during the past few years that have addressed the issue of hydraulic fracture stimulation (fraccing) in Australia. There are two inquiries due to report before mid-2016; namely in SA (Natural Resources Committee, Parliament of South Australia, 2015), and the Senate Inquiry (Parliament of Australia, 2015). These inquiries are in addition to many others conducted in overseas jurisdictions including various states of the US, Canada, and in countries in the European Union, including the UK. Concerns are usually concluded around ensuring there is a proper regulatory environment to confirm that the use of fraccing is conducted using international best practices, and the risk to the environment is minimised. In each and every responsible inquiry the conclusion has been that there is no scientific or public policy reason that would justifiably prevent the use of fraccing as a pre-well completion stimulation technique. This paper attempts to synthesise basic data about fraccing—why the ability to fracture stimulate wells is no longer a luxury but a necessity in deep oil and gas production—to convey factual information and summarise the results of inquiries in Australia to date. Comparisons between hydraulic fracture stimulation operations and results in the US and Australia are intended to provide comfort that some of the potentially more intense (massive) hydraulic fracture stimulation operations routinely conducted in the US (and Canada) on an individual well basis are not contemplated in the immediate future in Australia. The scale of North American fraccing activities may bear little resemblance to what may be proposed or occur in Australia owing to fundamental differences in geology, basin stress regimes, infrastructure, and cost and logistics, among other factors. The author’s conclusion is that fraccing in Australia can and will be carried out in a sphere of safety and regulation that many other countries are likely to aspire to copy. It would, however, be foolish to suggest hydraulic fracturing operations are not without some risk, as with many industrial and other daily activities, but the risks can be managed or mitigated with sound engineering and scientific practices. This is irrespective of the messages by opponents of hydraulic fracture stimulation in oil and gas wells. The modern practice of fraccing has been used now for more than 65 years, albeit with increasing scale commensurate with technological advances, which has caught the public’s imagination. Indeed, the results of inquiries have given no credence to demonising the technology.
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Leicester, Robert H., Chi-Hsiang Wang, and Laurie J. Cookson. "A reliability model for assessing the risk of termite attack on housing in Australia." Reliability Engineering & System Safety 93, no. 3 (March 2008): 468–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ress.2006.12.016.
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Suman, Gaurav, and DeoRaj Prajapati. "Control chart applications in healthcare: a literature review." International Journal of Metrology and Quality Engineering 9 (2018): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/ijmqe/2018003.
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The concept of Statistical process control (SPC) was given by the physicist Walter Shewhart in order to improve the industrial manufacturing. The SPC was firstly applied in laboratory and after then shifted to patient level in hospitals. As there is more involvement of human in healthcare, the chances of errors are also more. SPC i.e., control chart can help in determining the source of errors by identifying the special and common causes of variations. This paper presents the review of literature on the application of SPC and control chart in healthcare sector. Forty articles are selected out of 142 potentially relevant searched studies. Selected studies are categorised into eight departments. Literature survey shows that most of work on control chart applications in healthcare is carried out in Surgery, Emergency and Epidemiology departments. US, UK and Australia are the main customers where maximum amount of work was done. The US is the country where control chart in healthcare sector have been used at regular interval. This shows the gap of deploying control chart in different departments and different countries as well. The CUSUM and EWMA chart came into picture in healthcare sector after 2008 and are used at regular interval.
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Kim, Hee Jin, and Han-Young Mi. "A Comparative Study of ECEC Evaluation Indicators for Health, Nutrition and Safety: Focusing on Korea, Australia, and United States." Journal of Educational Studies 53, no. 3 (September 30, 2022): 327–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.15854/jes.2022.09.53.3.327.
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Qiu, Jane. "The role of geography in sustainable development." National Science Review 4, no. 1 (December 3, 2016): 140–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nsr/nww082.
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Abstract China has achieved unprecedented economic growth in the past decades. This has had serious consequences on the environment and public health. The Chinese government now realizes that it is not just the quantity, but the quality of development that matters. It has begun to instigate a series of policies to tackle pollution, increase the proportion of clean energy, and redress the balance between urban and rural development—in a coordinated effort to build a harmonious society. Building a harmonious world was also the theme of the 33rd International Geographical Congress, which was held in Beijing last August. At the meeting, Bojie Fu, a member of National Science Review’s editorial board, shared a platform with geographers from Australia, China, Canada and France to discuss the challenges of urbanization, the roles of geographers in sustainable development, as well as the importance of food security, safety and diversity. Dadao Lu Economic geographer at the Institute of Geography and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing Jean-Robert Pitte Historical and cultural geographer at the University of Paris-Sorbonne in Paris, France Mark Rosenberg Health geographer at Queen's University in Ontario, Canada Mark Stafford Smith Ecologist at the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) in Canberra, Australia Bojie Fu (Chair) Physical geographer at the Research Centre for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; President of Geographical Society of China
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Waykole, Swapnil, Nirajan Shiwakoti, and Peter Stasinopoulos. "Performance Evaluation of Lane Detection and Tracking Algorithm Based on Learning-Based Approach for Autonomous Vehicle." Sustainability 14, no. 19 (September 24, 2022): 12100. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su141912100.
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Disruptive technology, especially autonomous vehicles, is predicted to provide higher safety and reduce road traffic emissions. Lane detection and tracking are critical building blocks for developing autonomous or intelligent vehicles. This study presents a lane detecting algorithm for autonomous vehicles on different road pavements (structured and unstructured roads) to overcome challenges such as the low detection accuracy of lane detection and tracking. First, datasets for performance evaluation were created using an interpolation method. Second, a learning-based approach was used to create an algorithm using the steering angle, yaw angle, and sideslip angle as inputs for the adaptive controller. Finally, simulation tests for the lane recognition method were carried out by utilising a road driving video in Melbourne, Australia, and the BDD100K dataset created by the Berkeley DeepDrive Industrial Consortium. The mean detection accuracy ranges from 97% to 99%, and the detection time ranges from 20 to 22 ms under various road conditions with our proposed algorithm. This lane detection algorithm outperformed conventional techniques in terms of accuracy and processing time, as well as efficiency in lane detection and overcoming road interferences. The proposed algorithm will contribute to advancing the lane detection and tracking of intelligent-vehicle driving assistance and help further improve intelligent vehicle driving safety.
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Li, Xujun, Xiaoping Ma, Mingli Wang, and Hao Zhang. "International Evaluation of China’s Beef Cattle Industry Development Level and Lagging Points." Agriculture 12, no. 10 (October 2, 2022): 1597. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture12101597.
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Quality, efficiency, safety and environmental protection are important directions for the development of animal husbandry in China. Taking China’s beef industry as an example, this study establishes a comprehensive index system from six industrial subsystems: resource endowment, production, consumption, quality, trade and environment. By comparison with the beef cattle industry in other countries, great effort is being made to position the development level of China’s beef industry and to determine its lagging points, according to the coupling coordination degree and relative development degree of each subsystem. Under the multidimensional development goals, the development level of China’s beef cattle industry shows a fluctuating upward-downward trend, and the resource endowment has a certain advantage, but the development of the production, consumption, quality and environmental subsystems is insufficient and lacks competitiveness. China’s beef cattle industry is less developed than in Brazil, the United States, Argentina, Australia and other countries in terms of production, consumption, quality, trade and environment. The industrial subsystems mainly present low-level coordination and operation, with lagging development of the production quantity and quality. According to the analysis of the industry’s weaknesses, China’s beef industry needs to promote the combination of planting and breeding, cost reduction, efficiency increase, and green breeding.
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Bohle, Philip. "Book Reviews : OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY IN AUSTRALIA Edited by Claire Mayhew and Chris L. Peterson. Allen & Unwin, Sydney, 1999, xvi + 202 pp., $39.95 (paperback)." Journal of Industrial Relations 42, no. 3 (September 2000): 464–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002218560004200309.
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Macdonald, Fiona, Eleanor Bentham, and Jenny Malone. "Wage theft, underpayment and unpaid work in marketised social care." Economic and Labour Relations Review 29, no. 1 (February 22, 2018): 80–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1035304618758252.
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Marketised models of social care provision in Australia are placing pressures on service providers and driving changes in work organisation and employer practices, with potential to degrade social care jobs. While international experience of marketised social care has demonstrated the vulnerability of social care workers to wage theft and other violations of employment laws, Australia’s relatively strong industrial relations safety net might be expected to be better able to protect these low-paid workers. Nevertheless, there is emerging evidence of negative impacts on the pay and entitlements of frontline workers in the expanding community support and homecare workforce. This study investigates the paid and unpaid work time of disability support workers under Australia’s new National Disability Insurance Scheme. The research takes a novel approach combining analysis of working day diaries and qualitative interviews with employees to expose how jobs are being fragmented and work is being organised into periods of paid and unpaid time, leaving employees paid below their minimum entitlement. The article highlights the role of social care policy along with inadequate employment regulation. JEL Codes: J390, J81, J88
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Walters, David, Richard Johnstone, Michael Quinlan, and Emma Wadsworth. "Safeguarding Workers: A Study of Health and Safety Representatives in the Queensland Coalmining Industry, 1990-2013." Articles 71, no. 3 (October 19, 2016): 418–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1037659ar.
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This paper explores the practice of worker representation coalmining in Australia, in which there are both serious risks to health and safety and where regulatory provisions on worker representation on health and safety are longstanding. Despite their longevity, their operation has been little studied. The aim of the paper is to address this gap by examining the quality of the practice of worker representation in the sector. In particular, it explores strategies used by representatives to undertake their role in the context of the hostile industrial relations that are characteristic of coalmining. It examines documentary records of statutory inspections by worker representatives and government mines inspectors and analyses the content of qualitative interviews. It finds that the representatives address serious and potentially fatal risks in their activities and make effective use of their statutory powers in doing so, including their power to suspend operations they deem to be unacceptably dangerous. Nevertheless, they strive to operate within the boundaries of regulation in order to offset the negative influences of a hostile labour relations climate, As well as cautious use of their powers to order the cessation of operations where they deem the risks to be unacceptable, they also avoid accusations of unnecessarily impeding production and engaging with labour relations matters that are outside their statutory remit, through good communication between themselves and other workplace representatives. This is made possible by support from the relatively high level of workplace trade union organization present in the mines and further support derived from the trade union more widely and from the unique two-tier form of representation provided for by legislation. Both ensure the representatives are well informed, well trained and supported in their role. Overall, the study highlights the positive role representatives and unions play in preventive health and safety even in hostile labour relations climates.
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Stewart, Andrew. "Recovering large Brownfield projects in distress." APPEA Journal 54, no. 2 (2014): 546. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj13119.
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A large body of knowledge exists about how to plan and establish projects for success; from project management guidelines to staged gate-execution methodologies. Despite such prescriptive means to guarantee project success, the upstream oil and gas industry has a poor track record for delivering large projects. Little guidance exists on how to restore delivery assurance to partially executed projects in distress. Furthermore, recovery efforts for large brownfield projects, mid-way through their execution, are further complicated and highly constrained. Operators and contractors alike are understandably concerned about the high failure rate of projects, particularly as Australia competes for global capital in the final investment decision for a project’s development. Issues cover the full spectrum of safety, cost, schedule, start-up, and operability. Furthermore, unanticipated issues such as industrial relations, resourcing, project controls, estimate basis, and design changes all play a central role in why projects find themselves in distress. In a recent case study, a structured recovery approach restored delivery assurance to a $900 m upstream brownfield project. Despite the numerous challenges encountered during the recovery efforts, the project went on to deliver ahead of its revised cost and schedule commitment, while also achieving outstanding safety performance. The self-governance program was instrumental in restoring delivery performance through responsive decision making that was robust, repeatable and preserved free calendar time for early intervention on high value recovery issues. The journey of recovery also restored a fractured client and contractor relationship by fostering a project delivery environment that was highly collaborative.
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Bereskie, Ty, Ianis Delpla, Manuel J. Rodriguez, and Rehan Sadiq. "Drinking-water management in Canadian provinces and territories: a review and comparison of management approaches for ensuring safe drinking water." Water Policy 20, no. 3 (January 10, 2018): 565–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wp.2018.040.
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Abstract Drinking-water management systems (DWMSs) represent the primary means for preventative management of a drinking-water supply and are defined as a system of policies, procedures and administrative/behavioral controls designed to ensure safe drinking water from source to tap. With influence and inspiration ranging from safe food handling to industrial quality management, DWMSs can take, and have taken, many different forms throughout the world. This variability is especially true in Canada, a country with a decentralized governance structure, where provincial and territorial governments are mostly autonomous in regard to drinking-water governance and management. While this has resulted in comprehensive DWMSs in provinces such as Ontario, less-proactive provinces and territories have fallen behind and may be exposing consumers to under-protected and vulnerable drinking-water supplies. This paper includes a review and comparison of the existing Canadian national, provincial and territorial approaches to drinking-water management, the World Health Organization Water Safety Plan Recommendations, national DWMSs from Australia and New Zealand, and also includes widely applied, generic quality management systems. This information is then used to gauge the comprehensiveness of DWMSs in Canada and highlight potential management gaps and policy recommendations for the development of new, or improving existing, DWMSs.
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Tasrif, Arifin, Muhammad Taufik, and Nazaruddin Nazaruddin. "New Paradigm on Plant Quarantine System for Protection of Biological Diversity in Indonesia." Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia 25, no. 1 (July 24, 2021): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jpti.62605.
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Plant quarantine system becomes an important pillar in the protection of biological diversities from the threat of plant pests and diseases. The implementation of plant quarantine system currently covers prevention of spread of quarantine pests, food safety, food quality, genetic resources and bio-agents, as well as invasive alien species and genetically modified organism. During 2014 to 2018, a total of 232 frequency intercepted of quarantine pests of viruses, bacteria, fungi, nematodes, insects, and weeds have been detected. These pests associated with plant materials from various countries in Asia, Europe, the United States, Australia and Africa that may potentially threaten biological diversities when dispersed within Indonesian territory. Implementation of risk analysis and appropriate level of protection consideration can be clustered in to pre-border, at-border, and post-border activities in order to mitigate the risk of quarantine pests and biosafety monitoring into Indonesian territory. Utilizing advances in pest detection technology in the industrial era 4.0 could provide benefits in the agricultural sectors. Various detection technologies using drones and bio-sensors have contributed in the field of plant protection, especially as pest detection and monitoring tools in the field. Furthermore, the establishment of proficiency certification agency for plant quarantine systems may contribute efficient and effective operations in the near future.
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Damyeh, Maral Seidi, Chrishanthi W. Fernando, Anh Dao Thi Phan, Hung T. Hong, Ram Mereddy, Michael E. Netzel, Mridusmita Chaliha, and Yasmina Sultanbawa. "Post-harvest fungal occurrence on commercial strawberry cultivars grown in Australia: impact of phytochemical composition." Journal of Food Measurement and Characterization 15, no. 4 (May 23, 2021): 3811–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11694-021-00924-8.
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