Dissertations / Theses: 'Industrial regulation'

1

Zogheib, Jean-Marc. "Essays in industrial organization : competition and regulation in network industries." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Institut polytechnique de Paris, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019IPPAT002.

Full text

Abstract:

Dans le premier chapitre de la thèse, je m'intéresse à l'impact de la politique du contrôle des concentrations sur le choix de fusion d'une firme qui peut soit effectuer une fusion nationale, soit effectuer une fusion internationale. Un enseignement du premier chapitre est que la politique du contrôle des concentrations doit prendre en compte les fusions futures qui peuvent être engendrées par une fusion initiale. Par exemple, le scénario d'une sortie du marché étranger par fusion suite à une fusion internationale non profitable. Une politique du contrôle des concentrations trop sévère pourrait en fait agir comme une barrière à la sortie et donc décourager les fusions internationales. Dans le deuxième chapitre la thèse, j'examine l'impact de la compétition entre une firme privée et des firmes publiques sur les prix et l'investissement dans de nouvelles infrastructures.Du fait de fonctions objectifs différentes, la firme privée en monopole choisira le prix de monopole alors que la firme publique nationale choisit un prix permettant des subventions croisées entre zones à bas coûts et zones à coûts élevés. Le prix d’une firme publique locale dépend de la zone où elle est située. En monopole, la firme publique nationale a le niveau de couverture le plus élevé, alors que le niveau de couverture de la firme privée et des firmes publiques locales est identique. En duopole, les prix sont compléments stratégiques pour la firme privée et substituts stratégiques pour les firmes publiques. La compétition amène la firme privée à baisser ses prix, contrairement aux firmes publiques qui peuvent être amenées à les augmenter. Dans le troisième chapitre de la thèse, j'étudie l'impact de la compétition entre deux firmes en prix et en divulgation de données personnelles. Dans un marché biface, il y a les consommateurs d'un côté, et un courtier en données de l'autre. Je démontre que les firmes adoptent deux types de stratégies commerciales qui sont la résultante d'un arbitrage entre l'exploitation des données personnelles, le niveau données personnelles apportées par le consommateur, et la disposition à payer des consommateurs. Si les consommateurs ont une disposition à payer faible, les firmes emploient une stratégie impliquant des prix bas (voire négatifs) et un niveau de divulgation de données élevé. Si les consommateurs ont une disposition à payer élevée, les firmes emploient une stratégie impliquant des prix élevés et un niveau de divulgation de données nul. En single-homing, une fusion augmente le pouvoir de marché et n'a pas d'impact sur le niveau de divulgation de données. Avec le multi-homing, une fusion a pour impact de diminuer les prix et d'augmenter le niveau de divulgation de données si les firmes ne peuvent pas monétiser les données des multi-homers
In the first chapter of the thesis, I study how merger policy affects the choice between in-market and cross-border merging. An insight of the first chapter is that the merger policy should consider subsequent mergers triggered by an initial decision to merge, which here corresponds to the scenario of an exit-by-merger after a failed cross-border merger. In the second chapter of the thesis, I examine the impact of competition between a private firm and public firms on prices and investment in new infrastructures. An insight from this analysis is that due to distinct objective functions, the private firm charges the monopoly price when it is a monopoly, while the national public firm charges a price such that it cross-subsidizes between low-cost and high-cost areas. Local public firms charge prices contingent on the investment cost in their own area. In monopoly, the national public has the largest coverage, whereas the local public firms cover the same areas as the private firm. In mixed duopoly, prices are strategic complements for the private firm and are strategic substitutes for public firms. Competition leads the private firm to set lower prices, while public firms may charge higher prices. In the third chapter of the thesis, I investigate the impact of competition between two firms in prices and information disclosure levels. In a two-sided market, there are consumers on one side, and a monopoly data broker on the other side. An insight from this analysis is that firms adopt two types of business strategies due to a trade-off between the exploitation of consumer information, the level of information provision, and consumer valuations. If consumer valuations are sufficiently low, firms engage in disclosure of consumer information (low-privacy regime) and charge low (even negative) prices. In contrast, if consumer valuations are sufficiently high, firms do not engage in disclosure of consumer information (highprivacy regime) and always charge positive prices. If consumers single-purchase, a merger to monopoly increases market power but is privacy-neutral. With multi-purchasing, a merger to monopoly decreases prices and privacy levels if firms are unable to monetize multi-purchaser information

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Halbheer, Daniel. "Essays in industrial organizations and regulation /." [S.l. : s.n.], 2007. http://swbplus.bsz-bw.de/bsz26354642xinh.pdf.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Fudickar, Juliane [Verfasser]. "Essays in Industrial Organization: Regulation and Investments / Juliane Fudickar." Berlin : Freie Universität Berlin, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1132582369/34.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Shabgard, Bita. "Three essays on industrial organization: competition, price setting, regulation." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/671327.

Full text

Abstract:

Aquesta tesi doctoral es troba en el camp de l'organització industrial i se centra en tres mercats, és a dir, el mercat de motors de cerca, la indústria bancària i el mercat de pagaments amb targeta. Utilitzo enfocaments teòrics i empírics per estudiar qüestions clau en aquests mercats, com la competència, la fixació de preus i el antimonopoli. En aquest sentit, aquesta tesi doctoral té els tres objectius següents. El primer objectiu és estudiar si i en circumpstancies circumstàncies l'asimetria entre els motors de cerca tendeix a augmentar o disminuir amb el temps i si és possible augmentar el domini amb la monopolització. En aquest sentit, exploro i resolc un joc d'inversió de duopoli dinàmic per dos motors de cerca competidors on inverteixen simultàniament en R & D per millorar la qualitat dels resultats de cerca al llarg de el temps. Els resultats mostren que, en determinades condicions, l'asimetria entre els motors de cerca s'esvaeix amb el temps i la ruta òptima de qualitat i inversió en R & D convergeix cap a l'equilibri d'estat estacionari. A més, trobo que quan la taxa de descompte és prou gran, l'asimetria entre els motors de cerca augmenta amb el temps i l'estructura de mercat passa d'un duopoli a un monopoli. En segon lloc, estudi de com el projecte de Zona Única de Pagaments en Euros (SEPA) afecta la competència entre els bancs europeus en el mercat de pagaments minoristes. Per abordar aquesta pregunta, exploro i resolc un model de competència de preus no lineal entre dos bancs asimètrics en termes de capital considerant la discriminació de preus en pre-SEPA i preus uniformes en post-SEPA sota la presència d'economies d'escala. Els resultats mostren que el patró de transaccions té un paper vital en els efectes de la SEPA sobre la competència entre bancs. La competència és menys intensa en l'etapa posterior a la SEPA quan el patró de transaccions està orientat a nivell nacional. A més, la comparació d'abans i després de la SEPA suggereix que la aquestaintensifica la competència quan les economies d'escala són prou grans. A més, mostro que l'excedent de consumidor millora després de la SEPA com a resultat de preus uniformes, però l'efecte en el benestar depèn del cost de compliment del seu compliment. En tercer lloc, examino empíricament com els canvis en la taxa d'intercanvi afecten els preus minoristes a Espanya. La tarifa d'intercanvi és un pagament del banc del comerciant (anomenat adquirent) a el banc de titular de la targeta (anomenat emissor) per transacció amb targeta. Aquesta és una tarifa fonamental que afecta l'ús de pagament amb targeta per part de la titular de la targeta i l'acceptació de la targeta per part d'un comerciant. Em centro en els dos costats del mercar i estudi les relacions a curt i llarg termini entre la taxa d'intercanvi i els preus minoristes considerant un panell de 10 sectors comercials diferents a Espanya des del primer trimestre del 2008 fins al quart trimestre del 2019. Els resultats mostren que, a llarg termini, els preus minoristes disminueixen com a resultat de la disminució de la taxa d'intercanvi, com havien esperat les autoritats antimonopoli.
Esta tesis doctoral se encuentra en el campo de la organización industrial y se centra en tres mercados, a saber, el mercado de motores de búsqueda, la industria bancaria y el mercado de pagos con tarjeta. Utilizo enfoques teóricos y empíricos para estudiar cuestiones clave en estos mercados, como la competencia, la fijación de precios y el antimonopolio. En este sentido, esta tesis doctoral tiene los tres objetivos siguientes. El primer objetivo es estudiar si y en qué circunstancias la asimetría entre los motores de búsqueda tiende a aumentar o disminuir con el tiempo y si es posible aumentar el dominio con la monopolización. En este sentido, exploro y resuelvo un juego de inversión de duopolio dinámico para dos motores de búsqueda competidores donde invierten simultáneamente en R&D para mejorar la calidad de los resultados de búsqueda a lo largo del tiempo. Los resultados muestran que, en determinadas condiciones, la asimetría entre los motores de búsqueda se desvanece con el tiempo y la ruta óptima de calidad e inversión en R&D converge hacia el equilibrio de estado estacionario. Además, encuentro que cuando la tasa de descuento es suficientemente grande, la asimetría entre los motores de búsqueda aumenta con el tiempo y la estructura del mercado pasa de un duopolio a un monopolio. En segundo lugar, estudio cómo el proyecto de Zona Única de Pagos en Euros (SEPA) afecta la competencia entre los bancos europeos en el mercado de pagos minoristas. Para abordar esta pregunta, exploro y resuelvo un modelo de competencia de precios no lineal entre dos bancos asimétricos en términos de capital considerando la discriminación de precios en pre-SEPA y precios uniformes en post-SEPA bajo la presencia de economías de escala. Los resultados muestran que el patrón de transacciones tiene un papel vital en los efectos de la SEPA sobre la competencia entre bancos. La competencia es menos intensa en la etapa posterior a la SEPA cuando el patrón de transacciones está orientado a nivel nacional. Además, la comparación de antes y después de la SEPA sugiere que la SEPA intensifica la competencia cuando las economías de escala son lo suficientemente grandes. Además, muestro que el excedente del consumidor mejora después de la SEPA como resultado de precios uniformes, pero el efecto de la SEPA en el bienestar depende del costo de cumplimiento de la SEPA. En tercer lugar, examino empíricamente cómo los cambios en la tasa de intercambio afectan los precios minoristas en España. La tarifa de intercambio es un pago del banco del comerciante (llamado adquirente) al banco del titular de la tarjeta (llamado emisor) por transacción con tarjeta. Esta es una tarifa fundamental que afecta el uso de pago con tarjeta por parte del titular de la tarjeta y la aceptación de la tarjeta por parte de un comerciante. Me centro en dos lados del mercado y estudio las relaciones a corto y largo plazo entre la tasa de intercambio y los precios minoristas considerando un panel de 10 sectores comerciales diferentes en España desde el primer trimestre de 2008 hasta el cuarto trimestre de 2019. Los resultados muestran que, a largo plazo, los precios minoristas disminuyen como resultado de la disminución de la tasa de intercambio, como habían esperado las autoridades antimonopolio.
This doctoral dissertation is in the field of industrial organisation and focuses on three markets namely search engine market, banking industry, and card payment market. I use theoretical and empirical approaches to study key issues in these markets such as competition, price setting, and antitrust. In this regard, this doctoral dissertation has three objectives as follows. The first objective is to study whether and under what circumstances asymmetry between search engines tends to increase or decrease over time and whether increasing dominance with monopolisation is possible. In this regard, I explore and solve a dynamic duopoly investment game for two competing search engines where they simultaneously invest in R&D to improve the quality of search results over time. The results show that under certain conditions, the asymmetry between search engines vanishes over time and the optimal path of quality and R&D investment converge to the steady-state equilibrium. I further find that when discount rate is sufficiently large, the asymmetry between search engines increases over time and the market structure turns from duopoly to monopoly. Second, I study how Single Euro Payment Area (SEPA) project affects competition among European banks in the retail payment market. To address this question, I explore and solve a model of non-linear price competition between two asymmetric banks in terms of capital by considering price discrimination in pre-SEPA and uniform pricing in post-SEPA under the presence of economies of scale. The results show that the transaction pattern has a vital role in the effects of SEPA on competition between banks. Competition is less intense in post-SEPA when the transaction pattern is domestically oriented. Moreover, comparison of pre- and post-SEPA suggests that SEPA intensifies competition when economies of scale are large enough. I further show that consumer surplus improves in post-SEPA as a result of uniform pricing but the effect of SEPA on welfare depends on the compliance cost with SEPA. Third, I empirically examine how changes in the interchange fee affect retail prices in Spain. The interchange fee is a payment from the merchant's bank (called the acquirer) to the cardholder's bank (called the issuer) per card transaction. This is a fundamental fee that affects the card payment usage by a cardholder and the card acceptance by a merchant. I focus on two sides of the market and study the short- and long-run relationships between the interchange fee and retail prices considering a panel of 10 different merchant sectors in Spain from the first quarter of 2008 to the fourth quarter of 2019. The results show that in the long-run, retail prices decrease as a result of declining interchange fee as had been expected by antitrust authorities.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Samano-Sanchez, Mario. "Essays on Industrial Organization, Energy, and the Environment." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/242491.

Full text

Abstract:

This dissertation focuses on the welfare implications of different government policies aimed to diminish the consumption of energy produced from fossil fuels in the United States. The first of these policies, taxation on gasoline consumption, diminishes consumption by increasing the cost per mile traveled. However, this policy measure has not been favored by policy-makers, and instead, the Corporate Average Fuel Economy standards, CAFEs, were put in place since the seventies. This policy consists of a pre-established threshold of fuel-efficiency, measured in miles per gallon, that car manufacturers selling cars in the United States are subject to each year. For each manufacturer, the CAFE is calculated, which weights the fuel-efficiency of each car model by the number of units sold of that car model. If the CAFE for a given manufacturer lies below the pre-established standard for that year, the manufacturer is subject to a fine. I exploit the manufacturers' past behavior in setting prices for their car models to estimate structural demand and supply parameters that characterize the car industry facing these policies. With those parameters, I can estimate the welfare impacts of tightening the CAFE standard to the new threshold set by the Obama administration and compare those impacts to the ones from raising gasoline taxes to obtain the same gasoline reduction in consumption. The findings are that in the short run, taxation is a less costly policy than tightening the CAFE standard. The second and third essays study the consequences of adopting renewable sources for electricity production. These technologies bring reductions in emissions of pollutants to the atmosphere, but not at no cost. They are expensive and their introduction to already existing electricity systems requires modifications to the usual scheduling of power plants because of the intermittent nature of the renewable sources, such as solar. We compute the equilibrium effects of this policy finding that if the environmental benefits are not taken into account, these policies are welfare decreasing with the amount of renewable sources. Some lower levels of penetration are more cost efficient if we take into account dynamic considerations in the scheduling of the plants.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Suárez, Carlos. "Essays on Regulation, Liberalization and Privatization in Energy Markets." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/669284.

Full text

Abstract:

The general motivation of this research is to explore the effects of the coexistence of public and private companies on the allocative efficiency of the supply of electricity. In particular, this thesis investigates from an empirical perspective to what extent the distinction between private and public companies is relevant to understand the competition in the wholesale electricity generation markets. I apply several econometric techniques and theory advances in industrial organization branch on data of the firms of the Colombian market. The case of the Colombian electricity market is suitable to study this issues for four reasons: i) It is an oligopoly in which private and public companies compete under the same rules. ii) The most important firms in the Colombian electricity sector are mature organizations, with a conventional business vision. In fact, many of these companies belong to transnational capital that carry out activities in several continents. iii) The market setting have a conventional design similar to other liberalized electricity markets. It operates as a multi-unit uniform-price auction. iv) There is available information with daily and even hourly resolution of the generation market variables. I consider that these are key elements for justifying the external validity of the results. This thesis presents three essays that aim to answer three questions related to the interaction between competition in electricity markets and their ownership structure. Chapter 1 addresses the question: Do the switch from public to private management have impacts in the bidding strategy of specific generation assets? Chapter 2 explores the question: Do public and private generation companies respond the same to the incentives to relax competition? Chapter 3 focuses on the question: Do private companies have a greater propensity to establish coordination relationships in comparison to public firms? In the first chapter of this thesis I evaluate the impact of privatization on the bidding of electricity units participating in a liberalized wholesale electricity market. The results of this evaluation contribute to better understand whether privatization is the right decision in an environment of imperfect competition. In this essay I adopt a policy evaluation approach to estimate the impact of changes from public to private management on the bidding prices of electricity generation units. I use information of bidding prices of the Colombian wholesale electricity market and exploit the changes of management of generation units documented in the period 2006 - 2018. The methodologies and results presented in this thesis contributes to the literature of mixed oligopoly because they place special emphasis on the behavioral differences between private and public companies and studies a field experience in which they compete in the same relevant market. The empirical evidence resultant from the policy evaluation method is aligned with the theoretical predictions of comparative statics arising from the behavioral differences of mixed oligopoly models. The second chapter of this dissertation proposes a methodology in order to find differences between the reactions of private and public firms when they face incentives to exercises unilateral market power. Several common events in the electricity industry such as transmission restrictions, the concentration of generation property within specific areas, the non-storage capacity of electricity and the low elasticity of demand, provide opportunities to exert market power. That is why this issue has been widely studied and discussed theoretically and empirically. The novel element of this essay in relation to this strand of the literature is accounting for the distinction between private and public companies regarding competitive behavior. Chapter 3 investigates from an empirical perspective the role of disclosure information in the stability of informal coordination agreements. Particularly, this chapter focuses in the economic effects of the announcement and the put into effect of a non-transparency policy implemented in the Colombian wholesale electricity market in 2009. We propose an identification strategy for isolating the effect of a coordinating relation from the confusion factors related with unilateral market power. The characteristics of the reform of the transparency policy allow to link the simple announcement of the policy change with the collapse of a coordinated strategy of private firms in a repeated interaction context. We use several empirical tools to assess the impact of the simple announcement of a modification in the transparency conditions on the average bidding price of private firms. We present an empirical analysis of the average bidding price data over August 2008 - July 2009. Overall, the evidence presented in the three essays of this dissertation indicates that the distinction between public and private companies may be a relevant aspect for explaining the functioning of competition in liberalized industries.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Moser, Mathias, and Klara Zwickl. "Informal environmental regulation of industrial air pollution: Does neighborhood inequality matter?" WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, 2014. http://epub.wu.ac.at/4350/1/wp192.pdf.

Full text

Abstract:

This paper analyzes if neighborhood income inequality has an effect on informal regulation of environmental quality, using census tract-level data on industrial air pollution exposure from EPA´s Risk Screening Environmental Indicators and income and demographic variables from the American Community Survey and EPA´s Smart Location Database. Estimating a spatial lag model and controlling for formal regulation at the states level, we find evidence that overall neighborhood inequality - as measured by the ratio between the fourth and the second income quintile or the neighborhood Gini coefficient - increases local air pollution exposure, whereas a concentration of top incomes reduces local exposure. The positive coefficient of the general inequality measure is driven by urban neighborhoods, whereas the negative coefficient of top incomes is stronger in rural areas. We explain these findings by two contradicting effects of inequality: On the one hand, overall inequality reduces collective action and thus the organizing capacities for environmental improvements. On the other hand, a concentration of income at the top enhances the ability of rich residents to negotiate with regulators or polluting plants in their vicinity. (authors' abstract)
Series: Department of Economics Working Paper Series

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Zwickl, Klara, and Mathias Moser. "Informal environmental regulation of industrial air pollution: Does neighborhood inequality matter?" WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, 2014. http://epub.wu.ac.at/4420/1/EcolEcon_WorkingPaper_2015_1.pdf.

Full text

Abstract:

This paper analyzes if neighborhood income inequality has an effect on informal regulation of environmental quality, using census tract - level data on industrial air pollution exposure from EPA's Risk Screening Environmental Indicators and income and demographic variables from the American Community Survey and EPA's Smart Location Database. Estimating a spatial lag model and controlling for formal regulation at the states level, we nd evidence that overall neighborhood inequality - as measured by the ratio between the fourth and the second income quintile or the neighborhood Gini coefficient - increases local air pollution exposure, whereas a concentration of top incomes reduces local exposure. The positive coefficient of the general inequality measure is driven by urban neighborhoods, whereas the negative coefficient of top incomes is stronger in rural areas. We explain these findings by two contradicting effects of inequality: On the one hand, overall inequality reduces collective action and thus the organizing capacities for environmental improvements. On the other hand, a concentration of income at the top enhances the ability of rich residents to negotiate with regulators or polluting plants in their vicinity.
Series: Ecological Economic Papers

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

Smith, Adrian Paul. "Change and continuity in UK industrial pollution regulation : integrated pollution control." Thesis, University of Sussex, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.318496.

Full text

Abstract:

This dissertation studies the policy process which produced and implemented the Integrated Pollution Control (IPC) system in 1990, administered by Her Majesty's Inspectorate of Pollution (HMIP). It assesses how IPC was implemented in terms of setting pollution control standards, hQWIPC compares with the air pollution regime it replaced, and in terms of IPC's policy output. Policy network concepts are used to analyse the networks of interaction between policy actors as they seek to influence the policy process. The research involved interviews with these policy actors, plus analysis of relevant documentation - including a content analysis of the new IPC public register. The analysis is presented historically, beginning with the policy network of regulator and industry which negotiated air pollution controls. Public interest groups criticised this regime in the early 1970s for the informal, consensual, and confidential way it set and enforced air pollution standards. During the 1980s, European legislation put pressure upon domestic pollution control practice. Industry began lobbying for improvements to the flexible British regime as a bulwark against European formalism. Several factors led to HMJP's creation and IPC introduction, including European and industrial pressures, but also a belief by government that change had deregulatory potential. Regulatory procedures under IPC are more transparent and formal. However, standard setting was at HMIP's discretion, to be exercised during IPC implementation. HMIP initially intended to break from the past and do this at arms'length from industry. Analysis of this implementation stage uses the organic chemicals sector for case study. It explains why IPC has suffered an 'implementation deficit' compared to HMIP's initial intentions. Moreover, improvements to industrial pollution control are negotiated in a policy network similar to its air pollution predecessor. It is argued that within the formal legal framework, persists an infonnal, consensual, and somewhat opaque pollution regime.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

Pedras, Maria Inês Machado. "Investigation of the regulation mechanisms for bioplastics production from industrial residues." Master's thesis, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/10863.

Full text

Abstract:

Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Biotecnologia
The current high demand for plastics has become unsustainable. Polyhydroxyalkanoates are biopolymers stored by bacteria that can potentially replace modern plastics due to: wide range of applications; biodegradability; use of renewable resources as feedstock. High costs of current Polyhydroxyalkanoates production can be reduced using mixed cultures of organisms. Activated sludge from wastewater treatment plants is selected for Polyhydroxyalkanoates production through the imposition of cycles of intermittent feeding. In this study, the acclimation of activated sludge using synthetic volatile fatty acids (VFAs) as substrate resulted in a culture rich in Paracoccus spp. and unidentified filamentous bacteria. Low cost substrates such as sugarcane molasses (SM) or cheese whey (CW) can be employed as feedstock for further cost reduction. This requires an additional step before the microbial selection to ferment the feedstock into VFAs. In this work, the feedstock was changed from SM to CW. The population fed with SM was rich in Actinomycetaceae, while the population fed with CW was rich in Streptococcaceae, affecting the VFA composition. Consequently, the PHA-storing population and the polymer were affected. In the fermented SM (fSM) phase, the population was rich in Azoarcus (41.5 - 64.6%) and in the fCW phase the population was more diverse. Changing the pH in the fermentation reactor also affected the selection stage with an increase in Thauera and Azoarcus and a decrease in Paracoccus. A significant unidentified population of one layer sheet- forming bacteria was observed. Lastly, the occurrence of cell-to-cell communication (QS) in the selection stage was investigated. Possibly, QS molecules were detected when the carbon source was depleted. All steps of polyhydroxyalkanoate production are interconnected and for optimization, all stages must be studied and improved. Moreover, if QS proves to be involved in polyhydroxyalkanoate storage, the addition of QS molecules to the process may be explored for further optimization.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

11

Humphris, Amy. "Occupational regulation in the UK : prevalence and impact." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2013. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/919/.

Full text

Abstract:

Occupational regulation is a well established, yet largely under researched, labour market institution in the UK. This thesis investigates the prevalence and impact of licensing, certification, accreditation and registration. The results indicate that occupational regulation is present across a large portion of occupations and that it can have a significant impact on wages, skills and quality.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

12

Wren-Lewis, Liam. "Regulation of utilities in developing countries." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2010. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:a64d775e-29f4-4c75-a6a3-d2c16098f2a1.

Full text

Abstract:

The efficient operation and expansion of utilities in developing countries is crucial for growth and poverty reduction. However, recent reforms aimed at improving the performance of these sectors through privatization and the introduction of new regulatory regimes have had limited success. This thesis aims to consider the most pertinent problems for utility regulation in developing countries and how policy may need to be adapted appropriately. The thesis begins by surveying the most recent empirical and theoretical work on the area. I argue that four key institutional limitations commonly found in developing countries must be considered when designing regulatory policy: Limited capacity, limited accountability, limited commitment and limited fiscal efficiency. The remainder of the thesis then focuses on two of these weaknesses – limited commitment and limited accountability – to develop further insights into how regulatory policy may be most suitably adapted. In considering the effect of limited commitment, I pursue a theoretical approach. I first focus on the relationship between the government and the utility operator when the government cannot commit to a time-inconsistent policy of not expropriating investment. After building a model where reputation is used to sustain investment in equilibrium, I consider the model’s implications for policy. The thesis then builds a different model to consider the impact of governments’ inability to commit when trading electricity internationally. I focus on the resulting hold-up problem and the impact this has on investment levels within trading countries. The effect of limited accountability is then investigated empirically through the analysis of data on electricity firms and regulators in Latin America. In particular, I consider how firms’ performance is affected by corruption, ownership and regulatory governance, looking in detail at interactions between these variables and attempting to break down regulatory governance into its various components.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

13

McKenzie, Taylor. "Railroads, Their Regulation, and Its Effect on Efficiency and Competition." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/22734.

Full text

Abstract:

Railroads have been subject to federal regulation since 1887. Due to the development of competing modes of transportation and changes in types of products being shipped, regulation began to impede efficiency and viability of firms, leading to partial deregulation of the industry in 1980. Partial deregulation allowed railroads to reduce costs, notably through mergers and line abandonment, which were aggressively pursued following deregulation and led to dramatic efficiency gains. However, concerns remain over increased consolidation, lack of competition in the industry, and the ability of firms to continue to realize efficiency gains. This dissertation investigates more recent developments in the rail industry with an eye towards regulation's effect and role. I begin with a study into the markups of price over marginal cost and elasticities of scale in the rail industry. Scale elasticities provide information on where firms are operating on their average cost curves, and markups provide a more theoretically appealing method of examining pricing behavior than the revenue-to-variable-cost measure currently used by regulators. I extend previously developed methods to identify markups and scales for each firm and in each year. I find prices well in excess of marginal cost, and evidence firms are operating near minimum efficient scale, indicating efficiency gains from deregulation may be fully realized. I then present a study that examines productivity changes in the rail industry and the role of technological change. I extend stochastic frontier frameworks to allow productivity and the state of technology to evolve flexibly through time and vary across firms. I find firms turn towards technological innovation to realize productivity gains when other channels previously offered by deregulation are not available. I finish with a study of allocative errors in the rail industry. I again extend a stochastic frontier model to include differences in production across firms and allow allocative errors to be correlated with competitive pressures. I find that incorporating flexibility into the description of firm production is crucial for obtaining unbiased estimates of allocative errors, overcapitalization is prevalent in the rate-regulated rail industry, and additional competition does not appear to reduce inefficiency. This dissertation includes unpublished co-authored material.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

14

Macun, Ian. "The regulation of health and safety in South Africa's manufacturing industry." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/17166.

Full text

Abstract:

Bibliography: pages 195-200.
This thesis will be concerned with trying to develop an understanding of what the difficulties have been in bringing about improvements to the working environment in manufacturing. The role of labour will be of central concern, but an attempt will also be made to analyse the role of the other participants in the regulatory process, namely, the state and employers. The period with which the thesis is concerned is the 1980s. The area is clearly a very broad one and no claims will be made to providing a comprehensive study. Rather, it is hoped that the present study will provide some new data and some original insights into the regulatory process which will provoke further discussion and research in the field of occupational health and safety in South Africa.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

15

Blundell, Wesley, and Wesley Blundell. "Essays on Firms' Responses to Environmental Regulation in the U.S. Industrial Sector." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/624588.

Full text

Abstract:

An understanding of how industrial firms respond to different enforcement practices and the benefits of those responses, within the context of environmental regulation, is of crucial importance because it enables us to learn about policies and institutions that are welfare enhancing. The first chapter of my dissertation examines a link between the flaring of natural gas and an increase in respiratory related hospital visits within the state of North Dakota. Results indicate that if current regulatory practices to decrease flaring had been in place during my sample period of 2007 to 2015, the total number of respiratory related hospital visits by individuals who live within 30 miles of active wells would have declined by 21%. The next two chapters focus on direct responses by firms to different regulatory enforcement strategies. In the second chapter of my dissertation, I investigate the use of state-dependent enforcement policy in the context of the Clean Air Act using a natural experiment based on the actions of regulators in Florida. I find that noncompliant manufacturing plants within the state of Florida who were not classified as "Priority Violators" increased their responsiveness to regulatory warnings following an increase in the average penalties issued to plants classified as "Priority Violators." The third and final chapter examines how the use of state-dependent enforcement policy by regulators effects both air emissions and the Clean Air Act compliance rate of manufacturing firms. Using a detailed dataset of plant-level enforcement, emissions, investment, and state-level regulatory budgets, I construct a dynamic structural model of plant investment in environmental remediation for my primary empirical analysis. My main result is that both noncompliance with the Clean Air Act and industrial emissions would have increased significantly by the end of my 8-year sample period without the current policy of subjecting "Priority Violators" to a non-linear increase in regulatory scrutiny

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

16

Rooms, A. E. "Health and safety at work : Self regulation in the multi retail industry." Thesis, University of Salford, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.381663.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

17

Garafas, Georgios. "Vertical supply agreements and regulation in the UK brewing industry." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.389583.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

18

Rietzke, David Michael. "Essays on Market Intervention and Regulation." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/318833.

Full text

Abstract:

This dissertation is a theoretical exploration of commonly used policy tools meant to improve market performance. The first chapter examines the use of prizes and grants as instruments for encouraging research and development. The second chapter investigates the welfare impact of price caps in oligopoly markets with endogenous entry. The third chapter studies the relationship between deposit insurance and bank risk taking, when a banker is motivated by reciprocity. The first chapter explores the use of grants and prizes as tools for encouraging research activity and innovation. Grants and prizes are commonly used by public and private research funders, and encourage R&D activity in different ways. Grants encourage innovation by subsidizing research inputs, while prizes reward research output. A common rationale for prizes is moral hazard; if a funder cannot observe all relevant research inputs then prizes create a strong incentive for R&D activity. In this chapter, it is shown that grants are a more efficient means of funding when a researcher's ability is unknown to the funder (adverse selection). When both adverse selection and moral hazard problems exist, a grant may emerge as an optimal funding mechanism, provided the moral hazard problem is relatively weak. In settings where the moral hazard problem is sufficiently strong, a grant emerges as part of an optimal funding mechanism, in conjunction with a prize. These results are useful for understanding different funding mechanisms used by both public and private entities. The second chapter, which is based on joint work with Stan Reynolds, examines the impact of price caps in oligopoly markets with endogenous entry. In the case of deterministic demand, reducing a price cap yields increased total output, consumer welfare, and total welfare. This result falls in line with classic results on price caps in monopoly markets, and with results for oligopoly markets with a fixed number of firms. These comparative static results for price caps need not hold when demand is stochastic and the number of firms is fixed, but recent results in the literature show that a welfare improving price cap does exist. We show that a welfare-improving cap need not exist in the case where demand is stochastic and entry is endogenous. In addition, we provide restrictions on the demand function such that a welfare-improving price cap exists under endogenous entry and stochastic demand. The third chapter, which is based on a joint project with Martin Dufwenberg, investigates the relationship between deposit insurance, risk taking, and insolvency. Empirical evidence suggests that the introduction of deposit insurance increases risk taking by banks and results in a greater chance of insolvency. The common rationale for this connection is that deposit insurance decreases the incentive for customers to monitor their banks, and invites excessive risk taking. In this chapter, it is argued that this classic explanation is somewhat puzzling. If customers can monitor their bank's behavior, certainly the insurance provider (FDIC) has this same ability. If this is the case, appropriate mechanisms could limit the moral hazard problem. We put forth an alternative explanation, and demonstrate that deposit insurance invites excessive risk taking when a banker is motivated by reciprocity.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

19

Schneible, Richard Arthur Jr Ahmed Anwer S. "Effects of regulation Fair Disclosure on the precision of investors' information around earnings announcements." Related Electronic Resource: Current Research at SU : database of SU dissertations, recent titles available full text, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/syr/main.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

20

Bandru, Keerthi Kiran [Verfasser]. "Responsive Regulation and Industrial Pollution in India : An Institutional Analysis / Keerthi Kiran Bandru." Aachen : Shaker, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1159835896/34.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

21

Damsgaard, Niclas. "Deregulation and regulation of electricity markets." Doctoral thesis, Stockholm : Economic Research Institute, Stockholm School of Economics [Ekonomiska forskningsinstitutet vid Handelshögsk.] (EFI), 2003. http://www.hhs.se/efi/summary/630.htm.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

22

Palmer, Jocelyn Anne, and n/a. "Attitudes of Australian sports administrators to unions, awards and enterprise bargaining." University of Canberra. Human & Biomedical Sciences, 2000. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20061027.144327.

Full text

Abstract:

Sport, once an amateur pursuit has evolved in to a lucrative industry. The most recent development in the evolution of Australian sport has been the emergence of industrial regulation. Unlike other Australian labour markets, the sports administrators labour market was entirely market regulated until 1994. Over the last five years the sports administrators labour market has transformed into a centralised award based system. On the surface it appears that there is no obvious explanation for the dramatic re-regulation of this labour market. In order to determine the factors behind the re-regulation, this thesis investigated Australian sports administrators attitudes to unionism, awards and enterprise bargaining, including their preferences to awards and enterprise bargaining agreements. The attitudes of 229 Australian sports administrators were surveyed. The response rate was 67.25%. Findings from the survey indicated a number of points: (1) union membership predicted 8% of their attitude to unionism, (2) non union members were more likely to have positive and accepting attitudes to unions, (3) sports administrators working under Enterprise Bargaining agreements had more positive and accepting attitudes of unions, (4) Enterprise Bargaining was considered to be more beneficial than not in sport, (5) Enterprise Bargaining had more than double the support of Award regulation, and (6)Award regulation had almost equal amounts of rejection and support. Other results indicated that the sports administrators labour market remained market regulated until 1994 because a majority of sports administrators belonged to demographic groups which were less inclined to become union members. Factors behind the reregulation were determined to be: strong support for targeted services within workplaces rather than generic services across an industry, and strong support for increased union interaction when negotiating terms and conditions of employment which effects sports administrators' attitudes to unionism. It was evident that the re-regulation was not caused by a large shift in the attitudes of sports administrators or a result of problems stemming from the market being entirely by market regulation. It is more than likely that the sudden re-regulation of the sports administrators labour market was the sports industry's first step towards industrial maturity.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

23

Hillary, Ruth. "The Eco-management and Audit Scheme : analysis of the regulation, implementation and support." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.481274.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

24

Griffen, Lindsay M. "Reducing Pollutants in Industrial Stormwater Runoff: Improved Water Quality Protection Using Prioritized Facility Regulation." [Tampa, Fla.] : University of South Florida, 2005. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/SFE0001377.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

25

Cech, Paula-Ann. "Information, auditing, and incentives in regulation." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/184798.

Full text

Abstract:

This dissertation uses laboratory economic experiments to test the incentive effects of regulatory policies and practices under asymmetric information conditions. Significant results and policy implications are obtained on the traditional use of rate-of-return regulation (RORR) to regulate natural monopolies, and on the practice of restricting such firms from entering ancillary markets. The objective of the first several chapters is to test the incentive effects of RORR on market performance. Results confirm long-standing theories of incentive malfunctions of RORR. One result shows that under voluntary compliance, RORR is completely ineffective for regulating single sellers when cost information is private to firms, allowing them to misrepresent costs and earn monopoly profits. When firm's do not know market demand, they capture less surplus, but still earn above RORR expected returns. When stochastic auditing is added varying penalty rates and audit probabilities, significant cost overestimates remain common. Theoretical analysis explains the potential source of this anomaly as being the use of historical cost information in rate setting when excess profits are used as the audit benchmark. Other results show that in perfect repeated static implementations of RORR, wasteful input use will occur manifested as rate base padding or Averch-Johnson type selection of inefficient input combinations. Another chapter addresses the consequences of deregulating RORR franchise firms allowing them to enter ancillary markets. A stylized model of the telecommunications industry is created and experimentally tested to determine if anti-competitive firm behavior results when entry restrictions are lifted. Results offer no support for the arguments that regulated firms will use monopoly market earnings to underwrite ancillary market operations ("deep pocket"), engage in predatory pricing, or unfair competition. Economic arguments for removing entry barriers to improve market performance (increased output and lower prices) are substantiated.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

26

Conibear, Anthony. "Labour market segmentation and regulation theory : an application to the United Kingdom." Thesis, Open University, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.340714.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

27

Tombs, Stephen Peter. "The nature and limitations of the legal regulation of health and safety in the UK chemical industry." Thesis, University of Wolverhampton, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.303691.

Full text

Abstract:

This thesis examines the nature of the current legal regulation of occupational safety and health in Britain, and aims to understand the limitations of such regulation. This aim also leads us to consider the potential for, and the means of securing, improvements in safety and health performance in the UK chemical industry. Having set the research in context and addressed some pertinent methodological issues, the thesis begins by providing an overview of existing safety and health legislation, both in relation to manufacturing industry in general, and then in relation to the chemical industry more specifically. Here we establish the nature and significance of the self-regulatory system which was formalised in law by the Health and Safety at Work Act 1974. We then commence our assessment of the impact and efficacy of this system, considering the 'progress' of self-regulation through the 1970s and 1980s. We argue here that this system of selfregulation has proven an ineffective guarantor of safety and health at work. Our focus then shifts much more specifically onto the UK chemical industry. Having arrived at an understanding of key accidentgenerating factors in the UK chemical industry, we consider efforts within that industry to prevent these through selfregulatory efforts. This latter consideration is conducted at both theoretical and empirical levels. We conclude that while the chemical industry is in a relatively favourable position to self-regulate effectively, this is not being achieved. Thus we are led to further consider the role of external regulation. We conclude by arguing for the possibilities of more punitive and interventionist forms of legal regulation of safety and health at work, and we rather speculatively sketch out elements of these. Here, we once again encounter the limitations of the legal regulation of business in a capitalist social order

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

28

Silva, Rômullo Carvalho da. "The effects of regulation and competition on the housing market from a structural model." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/12/12138/tde-27112017-160113/.

Full text

Abstract:

Real estate activity is notably influenced by local land use regulation. By acting as redtape costs or explicitly through compensatory payments, such rules typically increase construction costs by reducing supply and increasing demand in the housing market, which leads to higher prices. This is the first study to model the decision-making process of housing supply using a game theoretic approach. To shed light on the roleof regulation and competition in this industry, I employ a static-entry model that incorporates the demand, cost and strategic factors common to the activity. I built aunique data set forthe city of São Paulo, Brazil, with information on the universe ofnew residential buildings launched in the city, along with a history of all licenses requested by the developers tothe government for each project. My empirical results show that the regulation play akey role in developer activity. For the areas with the most intense activity of the city,the bureaucracy in the residential approval process cost annually R$ 47 millions (US$ 14millions) by entrant firm.
A atividade imobiliária é particularmente influenciada pela regulação do uso da terra. Ao agir como \"custos burocráticos\" ou explicitamente por meio de pagamentos compensatórios,essas regras normalmente aumentam os custos de construção ao reduzir a oferta e aumentara demanda de novas residências, o que leva a preços mais altos. Este é o primeiro estudo amodelar o processo de decisão de oferta de residências usando uma abordagem de teoria dos jogos. Para mostrar os efeitos da regulação e da competição nesse setor, eu emprego um modelo de entrada estático que incorpora os fatores de demanda, custo e estratégicos comuns a essa atividade. Eu construí uma base de dados única para a cidade de São Paulo, Brasil, com informações sobre o universo de novos empreendimentos residenciais na cidade, juntamente comum histórico de todas as licenças e alvarás requeridos pelas incorporadoras à Prefeitura para cada projeto. Meus resultados mostram que a regulação tem um papel chave na atividade imobiliária. Para as áreas com atividade mais intensa da cidade, a burocracia no processo de aprovação de novas residências tem um custo média anual de R$ 47 milhões por firma entrante no mercado.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

29

Mullins, Michelle Lee Sykuta Michael. "Regulation and distribution of wine in the United States." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri--Columbia, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/6132.

Full text

Abstract:

Title from PDF of title page (University of Missouri--Columbia, viewed on Feb 17, 2010). The entire thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file; a non-technical public abstract appears in the public.pdf file. Dissertation advisor: Dr. Michael E. Sykuta. Vita. Includes bibliographical references.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

30

Wright, Martyn. "Work regulation under changing relative power : a study of British workplace industrial relations 1979-91." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.309853.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

31

Whyte, David. "Power, ideology and the regulation of safety in the post-Piper Alpha offshore oil industry." Thesis, Liverpool John Moores University, 1999. http://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/5020/.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

32

Kilicaslan, Yilmaz. "Industrial Structure And Labour Markets: A Study On Productivity Growth." Phd thesis, METU, 2005. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12606206/index.pdf.

Full text

Abstract:

This thesis aims to provide evidence on the relations between productivity, industrial structure, and labour markets for countries with different characteristics from 1965 to 1999. In order to do so, we first examine manufacturing industry production and trade with respect to both technology orientation and intensity, the impact of structural change on productivity growth, and the existence of convergence in industrial structures. Second, this study investigates the impact of labour market and industrial structures on aggregate productivity in manufacturing. While descriptive analysis of manufacturing industry with regard to technological orientation and intensity shows changing industrial structures in favour of relatively more technology intensive production and exports especially in fast growing countries, decomposition analysis suggests that the impact of structural change on productivity growth is negligible for most of the countries. The factor analysis revealed that although a general structural convergence tendency among countries is not observed, fast growing countries have converged their industrial structure towards those of industrialised countries. Finally, econometric estimation results also showed that while wage flexibility is detrimental to productivity in manufacturing, regulations in labour markets may foster productivity growth.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

33

Nicolle, Ambre. "Essays in empirical industrial organization : demand and supply in the mobile telecommunications market." Thesis, Montpellier, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018MONTD009/document.

Full text

Abstract:

Cette thèse a pour objectif de contribuer à la compréhension des marchés de télécommunications mobiles, en offrant un éclairage sur la façon dont la structure de marché, les investissements technologiques des acteurs et la règlementation ont affecté les prix des services, mais également en mesurant l’ampleur de l’inertie et de myopie du consommateur dans un environnement en mutation rapide. Le premier chapitre explore les déterminants de la baisse des prix en France entre 2011 et 2014.Basée sur une régression prix hédoniques, cette étude montre que l’introduction d’une nouvelle technologie et la concurrence sont à l’origine de la majeure partie de cette baisse des prix. Le deuxième chapitre questionne la façon dont la disponibilité croissante des offres sans terminal associé - sim-only - a affecté l’arbitrage intertemporel des consommateurs lors de leurs choix de forfait et de mobile. En estimant un modèle de choix discret basé sur un ensemble de combinaisons de forfaits et de terminaux,il est possible de capturer une mesure de la myopie des consommateurs. Les résultats obtenus suggèrent que le niveau de myopie moyen a fortement diminué avec l’émergence des offres sim-only et converge vers une valeur proche de celles estimées pour des marchés différents, c’est-à-dire un niveau qui témoigne d’une sous-évaluation très modérée du futur. Le troisième chapitre propose une estimation de l’inertie des consommateurs lors de leurs choix de terminaux mobiles. En se basant sur un échantillon de consommateurs sim-only et en observant leurs choix de changement de terminal entre2012 et 2014, un modèle de choix discret permet d’estimer les coûts de changement entre marques de terminaux mais aussi entre systèmes d’exploitation. Un contrefactuel est ensuite réalisé pour simuler les parts de marchés de ces derniers en l’absence d’inertie des consommateurs. Celui-ci indique que la part de marché d'Android et celles des systèmes d'exploitation mineurs augmenteraient aux dépends de la part de marché d'IOS
This thesis aims to contribute to the understanding of mobile telecommunication markets, in exploring how structure, technological investments of players and regulation have affected prices of services; but also in measuring the magnitude of consumer inertia and myopia in a rapidly evolving environment. The first chapter investigates determinants of mobile services price drop in France between 2011 and 2014.Based on a hedonic price regression, this study provides evidence of introduction of a new technology and competition being responsible for most of the price reduction. The second chapter questions howinter-temporal trade-off of consumers selecting a handset and a tariff has been affected by the increasing availability of sim-only contracts. Estimating a discrete choice model based on choice setswhich combine extensive number of tariffs and handsets, it is possible to capture an average level of consumer’s myopia. Results show myopia decreased along with emergence of sim-only contracts and converge towards a value which is close to what has been estimated in other markets, meaning consumers only exhibit a modest undervaluation of future. The third chapter measures the magnitude inertia in repeated choice of smartphones. Exploiting data of handset switchings between 2012 and 2014 of sim-only consumers, we estimate discrete choice models to estimate switching costs between brandsand operating systems. We then rely on our model to simulate market shares without inertia and showthat the market share of Android and smaller operating systems would increase at the expense of the market share of iOS

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

34

Altrén, Jesper, and Mattias Lyth. "Solvency II - A compliance burden or an opportunity for the Swedish non-life insurance industry?" Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Management and Engineering, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-8339.

Full text

Abstract:

Insurance companies and banks are of great importance to the economy, which is why their stability must be ensured. In order to prevent bankruptcies in the financial sector, these companies are subject to strict regulations, which set standards for risk management and the amount of reserve capital required. Such capital reserves act as safety buffers to protect the customers from extraordinary events. In the insurance industry, the reserve capital is referred to as the solvency margin.

Solvency II is new set of insurance regulations that aims to set a common standard regarding solvency capital and risk management for insurance companies within the European Union. The potential costs and benefits of the regulations are of importance not only to insurance companies but also to those firms that offer services and products to the insurance industry in the field of risk management. Solvency II is often compared to the Basel II accord for banks, which had a strong business case in the way that banks could significantly lower their reserve capital and use it for other purposes. The question is, however, whether insurance companies can expect similar benefits from Solvency II.

The purpose of this study is therefore to explain how the Solvency II regulations will affect risk management in the Swedish non-life insurance industry, and whether these changes can result in opportunities for insurance companies. This is achieved by studying the new regulations and conducting a number of interviews with insurance company representatives as well as industry experts. Four potential effects of Solvency II have been investigated: capital levels, insurance pricing, credit ratings and reinsurance.

The findings of the study indicate that no obvious benefits related to the potential effects above can be realised by complying with Solvency II. The future capital requirements will come close to those already enforced by supervisors today, resulting in a minor change that can go both ways. Neither credit ratings nor reinsurance covers seem to become notably affected by Solvency II. As for insurance pricing, an increasingly sophisticated risk-based allocation of the cost of solvency capital provides the most notable opportunity of Solvency II, but at present, no conclusions can be drawn regarding the effects of such changes. On the other hand, Solvency II will put pressure on improving systems to ensure the quality and traceability of data.

Thus, the actual changes in risk management practices are not expected to be substantial among Swedish non-life insurance companies, and it therefore seems unlikely that insurance companies would be willing to invest as heavily in reaching Solvency II compliance as banks have done in Basel II.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

35

Vlandas, Timothee. "Essays on labour market dualisation in Western Europe : active labour market policies, temporary work regulation and inequality." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2013. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/767/.

Full text

Abstract:

European labour markets are increasingly divided between insiders in full-time permanent employment and outsiders in precarious work or unemployment. Using quantitative as well as qualitative methods, this thesis investigates the determinants and consequences of labour market policies that target these outsiders in three separate papers. The first paper looks at Active Labour Market Policies (ALMPs) that target the unemployed. It shows that left and right-wing parties choose different types of ALMPs depending on the policy and the welfare regime in which the party is located. These findings reconcile the conflicting theoretical expectations from the Power Resource approach and the insider-outsider theory. The second paper considers the regulation and protection of the temporary work sector. It solves the puzzle of temporary re-regulation in France, which contrasts with most other European countries that have deregulated temporary work. Permanent workers are adversely affected by the expansion of temporary work in France because of general skills and low wage coordination. The interests of temporary and permanent workers for re-regulation therefore overlap in France and left governments have an incentive to re-regulate the sector. The third paper then investigates what determines inequality between median and bottom income workers. It shows that non-inclusive economic coordination increases inequality in the absence of compensating institutions such as minimum wage regulation. The deregulation of temporary work as well as spending on employment incentives and rehabilitation also has adverse effects on inequality. Thus, policies that target outsiders have important economic effects on the rest of the workforce. Three broader contributions can be identified. First, welfare state policies may not always be in the interests of labour, so left parties may not always promote them. Second, the interests of insiders and outsiders are not necessarily at odds. Third, economic coordination may not be conducive to egalitarianism where it is not inclusive.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

36

Victor, David G. "Effective multilateral regulation of industrial activity : institutions for policing and adjusting binding and nonbinding legal commitments." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/10038.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

37

Karim, Michael N. "Electronic Monitoring and Self-Regulation| Effects of Monitoring Purpose on Goal State, Feedback Perceptions, and Learning." Thesis, The George Washington University, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3687652.

Full text

Abstract:

In order to remain effective in an increasingly digital workplace, many organizations have shifted towards the automatic and electronic collection of employee performance data. For example, employees completing computer-based training may be monitored to collect objective performance information for either developmental or administrative purposes. Though this allows for more objective employee feedback and evaluation, little remains known about the effect of pervasive electronic monitoring on key self-regulatory processes which underlie learning. This study was designed with this gap in mind and explores the relationship between electronic monitoring type (developmental or administrative), goals, and feedback perceptions, feedback usage, and learning. In order to understand this relationship, the current study extends classical theories of performance management and self-regulation to supplement emerging research on electronic monitoring. Results of this experiment suggest that monitoring purpose does not have a strong impact on state goals. Monitoring purpose, however, may affect feedback perceptions. Using the results of this study, evidence-based recommendations can be made for the theoretical understanding and practical of monitored training.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

38

Savarese, Josephine. "The gifts of the chip? : the regulation of occupational health and safety in the post-industrial age." Thesis, McGill University, 1999. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=30324.

Full text

Abstract:

In the face of the extensive changes resulting from the Post-Industrial Age, many are questioning "the gifts of the chip," or, more specifically, the ability of computer technologies to deliver the comfort predicted. The objective of this thesis is to examine the law's response to computer technology concerning occupational health and safety. This inquiry is necessary due to the dramatic changes that have occurred in the workforce, altering the profile of workplace health.
The thesis begins with a reference to The Gift of Stones, a fictional account of the difficulties that stone workers experienced when the Bronze Age arrived. Modern labourers face parallel struggles due to the arrival of the Post-Industrial Age characterized by technological innovation and restructuring. The legitimacy and effectiveness of occupational health and safety law is challenged by changes to social institutions and by computer related work injuries.
In many jurisdictions, the state has responded to these changes by enacting ergonomic standards that seek to minimize the harmful effects of computer use. The thesis examines the trend towards ergonomic standards with particular focus on Canadian initiatives. In conclusion, it argues that ergonomic regulations are an important means of promoting safer computer practices. Additionally, ergonomic standards provide a mechanism for continued state regulation of occupational health and safety. The challenge for rule makers is ensuring that the standards are a component of comprehensive legal reforms.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

39

Savarese, Josephine. "The gifts of the chip?, the regulation of occupational health and safety in the post-industrial age." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ64300.pdf.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

40

Yates, Barrett Elizabeth. "Country regulation of large scale commercial and industrial real estate development in the southwest : is it effective?" Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/37450.

Full text

Abstract:

Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 2006.
This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Includes bibliographical references (leaf 45).
Real estate developers and county officials were surveyed to determine the existence, content and accessibility of county regulatory guidelines for land use and real estate development projects in the southwestern US. Further, the developers and county officials were interviewed to understand the relationship between the quality of the regulatory guidelines and the associated process, and the quality of real estate development in the specified counties. The results from the survey and interview processes were analyzed to assess the efficacy of the county regulatory process for large scale commercial and industrial real estate development. In most counties where the surveys were conducted, guidelines covering zoning and zoning related processes, planning, public works and transportation did exist but their currency and relevancy was questionable. All county regulatory bodies surveyed were in the process of updating the guidelines to make them current, clear and comprehensive for the existing communities, many of which were experiencing rapid population growth. County officials and developers agreed that quality of regulation significantly affects the quality of real estate development, thus impacting future economic development.
(cont.) This thesis recommends updating guidelines to focus on certain key aspects for each guideline area studied: zoning and zoning related processes, planning, public works and transportation. Further, this thesis recommends bifurcating the guidelines and approval processes for large developments which can dramatically impact infrastructure, transportation and community sustainability versus small developments which may have a negligible impact on these areas. Additionally, this thesis contemplates the establishment of regional bodies to oversee certain aspects of land use planning unifying neighboring areas and reducing duplication of planning efforts in adjacent counties.
by Barrett Elizabeth Yates.
S.M.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

41

Kuhm, David. "Contribution à la modélisation et à l'optimisation d'accumulateurs de bandes flexibles, incluant l'étude du frottement bande/rouleau." Thesis, Mulhouse, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011MULH4271.

Full text

Abstract:

Cette étude se focalise principalement sur la modélisation et l’amélioration d’un accumulateur industriel de bande. Le premier chapitre présente la modélisation non-linéaire, puis la linéarisation autour d'un point de fonctionnement, d’un accumulateur industriel comportant un chariot pneumatique ou motorisé. Cette modélisation complète prend en compte les non-linéarités des différents types d’actionneurs du chariot. Les paramètres mécaniques les plus influents sur les performances de ces accumulateurs sont mis en évidence, puis les stratégies de commandes industrielles classiques sont testées sur ces accumulateurs. Le second chapitre présente l’optimisation des performances de l’accumulateur. Des améliorations de la commande sont réalisées : prise en compte de la robustesse, optimisations multi-objectifs, nouvelles structures de commandes. Ces améliorations montrent un net gain des performances concernant la tension de bande à la sortie de l'accumulateur. De nouvelles structures d’accumulateurs incluant un danseur sont proposées, améliorant fortement les performances. Une comparaison des performances des différents accumulateurs est présentée. Le dernier chapitre présente l’étude du frottement bande textile/rouleau. Le comportement au frottement de bandes textiles glissant sur un rouleau est identifié. L'évolution du coefficient de frottement est déterminée expérimentalement pour différents paramètres et types de bandes. Suite à ces mesures, un modèle de bande défilant sur un rouleau, incluant coefficient de frottement et perte d’adhérence est proposé et montre l’influence du coefficient de frottement sur la réponse du système à une variation de vitesse de bande
This study focuses mainly on modeling and optimization of industrial web accumulators. The chapter one presents the nonlinear model of an industrial accumulator including a pneumatic actuated or a motorized carriage. The nonlinear model is then linearized around a working point. This model takes into account nonlinearities of both carriage actuators. The most influent mechanical parameters on the accumulator performances are highlighted and then, classical industrial control strategies are tested on the modeled accumulators. The chapter two concerns the accumulator performances optimization. Firstly, controllers are improved by taking into account the robustness against parameter variations, by using multi-objective controllers optimization or by using new control strategies. All these improvements show drastic performances gain. New accumulator structures including a dancer roll are proposed and improve also the accumulator performances. A performances comparison of the entire presented accumulator is presented at the end of this chapter. The last chapter presents the study of the friction between textile fabric and roll. The friction behavior of a web sliding on a roll is identified. The friction coefficient evolution is experimentally determined for different experimental parameters and kind of webs. These measures have permitted to build a model of a web sliding on a roll. This model, including the friction coefficient and the adherence loss between web and roll highlights the response of the web/roll system against web velocity variation

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

42

Brackenbury, Anne (Anne Elizabeth) Carleton University Dissertation International Affairs. "Grafting onto the future: the Canadian autoworkers' struggle to advance a progressive post-fordist mode of regulation." Ottawa, 1992.

Find full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

43

Baudrin, Mathieu. "Maintenir la technologie aérosol et son industrie : une enquête sur les collectifs industriels (1958-2017)." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLEM031/document.

Full text

Abstract:

L’aérosol est une technologie omniprésente dans notre quotidien (mousse à raser, laque capillaire, insecticide, chantilly…), sans cesse critiquée et concurrencée par de multiples alternatives, elle comporte dans son script même différents risques à contenir. Cette thèse part de ce constat pour poser une question concise : comment la technologie aérosol et l’industrie qui la produit parviennent-elles à se maintenir depuis les années 1950 ? Pour répondre à cette question la thèse développe une analyse diachronique du développement de l’aérosol et de son industrie en mobilisant une instrumentation méthodologique adaptée. L’enquête part du principe qu’il n’existe pas « une industrie » mais des industries situées en fonction des lieux et des temporalités qui sont le fruit d’un travail menant à des recompositions successives des collectifs industriels. Pour suivre les recompositions conjointes de la technologie aérosol et de son appareil productif, l’enquête ne suit pas un objet technique spécifique mais mobilise la notion de principe technologique permettant ainsi à l’analyse d’articuler plusieurs moments critiques du développement de la technologie aérosol. Chaque moment critique constitue ainsi une forme d’épreuve spécifique au cours de laquelle l’industrie adopte une modalité réflexive adaptée. Outre l’apport méthodologique permettant d’articuler des questionnements en Sciences and Technology Studies, en sciences politiques, en la sociologie des risques, en sociologie des marchés et en histoire industrielle, les principaux résultats de la thèse consistent à caractériser des configurations problématiques. Chacune d’entre elles met en évidence les relations entre une façon de composer avec les risques associés à la technologie aérosol, une manière de prendre en compte des critiques spécifiques, un mode d’intervention des autorités publiques et des modalités différentes de la réflexivité industrielle
Aerosol dispenser is a pervasive technology in our everyday life (shaving foam, hairspray, insecticide, whipped cream ...), yet constantly criticized and in competition with multiple alternatives. Its very script comprises various risks. The thesis starts from this observation to ask a concise question : How have aerosol technology and the industry producing it managed to persist since the 1950s? To answer this question, the thesis develops a diachronic analysis of the development of the aerosol and its industry by mobilizing an adapted methodological instrumentation. The empirical work supposes that there is no single "industry" but several industries based on sites and temporalities. These industries are the outcome of works leading to the successive recompositions of industrial collectives. In order to follow the joint reconstructions of aerosol technology and its productive apparatus, the thesis does not follow a specific technical object but mobilizes the notion of technological principle enabling the analysis to articulate several critical moments in the development of aerosol technology. Thus, each critical moment constitutes a specific form of trial in which the industry adopts an adapted reflexive modality. In addition to a methodological contribution proposing to articulate several scholarly fields such as Science and Technology Studies, political science, the sociology of risk, the sociology of markets and industrial history, the main results of the thesis consist in characterizing problematic configurations, each of them highlighting the relations between a way of dealing with the risks associated with the aerosol technology, a way of taking into account specific criticisms, a mode of intervention of public authorities and various modalities of industrial reflexivity

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

44

Jenkins, Timothy. "The relationship between environmental regulations and industrial innovation : a case study of the regulation of air pollution from the specialised organic chemicals industry in the UK." Thesis, Manchester Metropolitan University, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.259798.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

45

Li, Wai-chung Rachel. "Effectiveness of safety management system on Hong Kong construction industry under factories and industrial undertakings (safety management) regulation." Click to view the E-thesis via HKU Scholars Hub, 2006. http://lookup.lib.hku.hk/lookup/bib/B37938411.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

46

Brockwell, Erik. "State and industrial actions to influence consumer behavior." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Nationalekonomi, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-93334.

Full text

Abstract:

This thesis consists of an introductory part and three papers. Paper [I] examines how taxes affect consumption of commodities that are detrimental to health and the environment. Specifically, this paper examines if a tax increase leads to a significantly larger change in consumption than a producer price change, which is referred to as the signaling effect from taxation. The analysis uses aggregated cross-sectional time series data and information on major legislation introductions in Sweden, Denmark and the United Kingdom from 1970 to 2009. We find the main result to be that the signaling effect is significant for “Electricity” in Sweden and Denmark and significant for “Electricity” and “Petrol” in the United Kingdom. Paper [II] examines how sin taxation changes long-term consumer behavior regarding commodities which are deemed harmful for both health and the environment. These include tobacco, alcoholic beverages, sugar and confectionary, household energy, and motor fuel. Specifically, we examine the signaling effect from taxation which is seen if a tax increase leads to a significantly larger change in consumption than a producer price change. The empirical analysis is conducted by a US panel data study, during the period 1988-2012 for the four US census regions, using the Almost Ideal Demand System (AIDS). We find the main result to be that the signaling effect from taxation is significant for tobacco as well as for electricity and motor fuel. Paper [III] examines state and industry responses on consumption of cigarettes and petroleum in the United States from 1998-2012. Upon facing consumption choices, the consumer faces two competing sets of messages, one from the government and another from the industry. The objective of the state is to steer consumption in the right direction due to the harmful effects from consumption and asymmetric information among consumers. This is done mainly via taxation and state media expenditures. The industry, on the other hand, seeks to incentivize the public to ignore or reject state research and signals as well as maximizing net economic returns. This is mainly done via industry media and lobbying expenditures. We find that the main results indicate, for cigarettes, industrial media and lobbying expenditure is statistically significant on consumption. For petroleum, we find that producer prices, state media expenditure, and industrial lobbying expenditure are statistically significant on consumption.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

47

Leonard, Simon Brett. "Geographies of labour market regulation : industrial training in Government Training Centres and Skillcentres in Britain and London, 1917-93." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 1999. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1608/.

Full text

Abstract:

This thesis is concerned with one aspect of the state's intervention into industrial training in Britain, namely the policy programmes which constituted between 1917-93 the Government Training Centre and subsequent Skillcentre networks. These training initiatives are presented as one example of government's attempts at national and local labour market regulation and governance, placed within the context of industrial, social and political change within Britain and Greater London. This analysis of state intervention and policy formulation is set into a theoretical and explanatory framework which is both historically and geographically located. The thesis is structured into three distinct parts. Part one establishes the theoretical framework and is based upon a critique of selected local labour market research maintaining that an interpretation of regulation theory, involving the identification of sub-national landscapes of labour regulation and governance, offers an important basis for the study of labour market process within any particular geographical context. Part two provides a detailed presentation of the development of state-funded adult industrial training in Britain from the instructional factories of 1917, through the subsequent Government Training Centre and Skillcentre initiatives and concluding with the privatisation and eventual closure of the Skillcentre network in 1993. This historical perspective is presented in terms of nine distinct regulatory periods and a series of distinctive geographies of labour market regulation. Part three sets the findings of a survey of Skillcentre trainees in Greater London into this context. Skillcentre catchment areas in London in the early 1980s are identified and interpreted in terms of both contemporary processes of labour market change and the residual consequences of policy formulation and implementation derived under previous conditions of regulatory need. Access to Skillcentre training in the local labour market context of Greater London is seen to be the outcome of the intersection and interaction of a range of economic, social and political processes, operating over time and at a variety of spatial scales.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

48

Lamb, Judith. "An evaluation of the validity and reliability of chemical exposure assessment tools used under the Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals (REACH) Regulation 2006." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2016. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=230152.

Full text

Abstract:

Within the European Union, the Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and restriction of Chemicals (REACH) Regulation 2006, requires the registration of chemicals by manufacturers and suppliers by a number of deadlines from 2008- 2018. Registrants must prepare a dossier of substance information, incorporating a chemical safety report and exposure assessment for the work activities for which the substance is used. Several computer-based screening (Tier 1) tools mentioned in the REACH guidance are used by Registrants to assess exposure: the ECETOC Targeted Risk Assessment (TRA); STOFFENMANAGER®; the EMKG-EXPO-TOOL and MEASE. As screening tools, they are expected to generate overestimates of exposure, thus allowing identification of situations of concern requiring more detailed assessment. The study aimed to carry out a comprehensive evaluation of the tools' validity, by comparison of their predictions with workplace measurements of inhalation exposure and their reliability, through assessment of consistency of operation by different users. Comparison of tool predictions of exposure with measurement data (n=3941) from a wide range of European and North American sources suggested that the tools generated overestimates in the majority of cases, with exceptions noted in certain process types and substance forms. Extremely large variability was observed in tool outputs generated by a group of representative users (n=146) when assessing identical exposure situations. A small number of input parameters drove most of the variation; the task descriptor, risk management measures and type of setting. Further calibration and review of the tool predictions are required to ensure that they generate consistent overestimates of exposure. Systems should be implemented to reduce between-user variability, for example user certification; round-robin exercises and team-based assessments. The study findings will assist in increasing the consistency of use and validity of the tools, thus increasing the overall levels of worker health protection and minimising unnecessary business risk management expenditure on redundant exposure controls.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

49

Johnson, Ryan Christopher. "Exploring the Energy Link between Emotion Regulation at Work and Health Behaviors." Scholar Commons, 2014. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/5047.

Full text

Abstract:

The present study explores the process through which the regulation of emotions at work, also known as emotional labor, depletes self-regulatory resources, specifically energy, and distally impacts health behaviors in the form of less physical activity and more unhealthy eating. Differences in relationships between two forms of emotional labor, surface acting and deep acting, as well as differences between psychological and physical energy depletion, are explored. Additionally, the roles of trait mindfulness and future temporal focus are examined as between-individual differences moderating the proposed relationships. Multi-level analysis of daily diary data collected from participants (N = 108 participants) over ten work days (N = 1,273 total days) demonstrates that surface acting at work, but not deep acting, is negatively related to after work energy levels, such that participants reported less energy on days when they engaged in more surface acting. No significant differences in strength of relationships for physical versus psychological energy depletion were found. After work energy depletion related to less time and intensity spent on physical activity, but no support for an overall mediated effect was found. No significant effects were found for unhealthy eating, or future temporal focus, while trait mindfulness did positively relate to energy levels in several models. Theoretical and practical implications, as well as future research directions, and methodological recommendations for researchers wishing to conduct similar studies are presented. As one of the first attempts to examine the mechanisms linking emotional labor and health behaviors, this study highlights the intricate nature of the relationships examined and the resultant need for both broader and more targeted multi-faceted research at multiple-levels of analyses to further explain the complex story of work and health.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

50

Pacheco-Vega, Hector Raul. "An integrated assessment of the effect of environmental regulation, land use changes and market forces on the Mexican leather and footwear industries’ restructuring." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/2787.

Full text

Abstract:

Traditional theories of industrial restructuring assign the most explanatory weight of the structural change phenomenon to increasing pressures via globalization and falling trade barriers. This thesis offers a new model of thinking about industrial restructuring that includes multiple stressors. The thesis focuses on three main drivers of structural change: market pressures, environmental regulation and changes in land use and land pricing, using two case studies of leather and footwear industrial clusters in Mexico, located in the cities of León and Guadalajara. Evidence of multiple drivers of structural change is found in the dissertation. Furthermore, responses to restructuring drivers in León and Guadalajara are found to be substantially different. Firms in the leather and footwear cluster in León have implemented countervailing strategies such as price competition, government lobbying, and more recently, investment in socio-economic research (competitiveness) projects. However, firms in the leather and footwear cluster in Guadalajara focused on a specific, high-end target market. At the larger, urban scale, footwear and its allied industries in the city of León resisted change and have tried to remain in operation while the city of Guadalajara has focused on a diversification strategy, attracting new (arguably more technically advanced) industries. This thesis offers empirical and theoretical advances. Empirically, it applies a firm demographics approach to the study of industrial clusters under multiple stressors. This approach has not been previously used on Mexican data. Theoretically, it demonstrates that future analyses of industrial complexes’ structural change can be strengthened through the use of an integrated assessment framework investigating the effect of multiple stressors (market forces, land pricing, technical change, environmental regulations, and consumer preferences) on industrial restructuring.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Industrial regulation'

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles