Journal articles on the topic 'Industrial ecology – Economic aspects'
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1
Zhavoronkova, N. G., and Yu G. Shpakovskiy. "Environmental and Energy Problems of the 4th Industrial Revolution: Legal Aspects." Lex Russica, no. 10 (October 24, 2019): 53–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.17803/1729-5920.2019.155.10.053-062.
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The article considers the most general and most fundamental provisions of the concept of the Fourth Industrial Revolution and its consequences for ecology, energy, law. The author has analyzed the threats and challenges of digitalization processes for ecology and energy. It is shown that be the creation of an adequate environment of green technologies, products and services should provide the timely response to the great challenges of the 4th Industrial Revolution. It is proved that there will be no real progress in environmental security until economic growth, new technologies regardless of the form in which they are expressed and natural constraints and indicators of the “growth limit” of human expansion are connected and properly and necessarily linked to the pace of economic development. The authors have investigated the problems of strategic planning in the sphere of digitalization of ecological and energy spheres. The country has yet to develop common concepts suitable for strategic planning and to give each of these concepts a legal definition. To date, the lack of “coherence” of plans, responsibility and systematization of numerous normative acts (by-laws) on the basis of which federal and regional information resources are functioning is unacceptable. The article is aimed to develop legislation in the field of ecology and energy, development of legal mechanisms for the implementation of the program “Digital Economy of the Russian Federation” as well as improvement of enforcement practices.
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Pento, Tapio. "Industrial Ecology of the Paper Industry." Water Science and Technology 40, no. 11-12 (December 1, 1999): 21–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1999.0690.
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Industrial ecology (IE) is a biological concept applied to industrial structures. The basic concepts of IE include regional, intra-firm and product-based waste recycling systems as well as the principle of upward and downward cascading. In best current examples of regional systems, several parties are in an industrial waste re-use symbiosis. Paper industry has learned to arrange the recovery and re-use of its products on distant markets, even up to a level where indications of exceeding optimal recovery and re-use rates already exist through deteriorated fibre and product quality. Such occurrences will take place in certain legislative-economic situations. Paper industry has many cascade levels, each with their internal recovery and recycling, as well as many intra-firm, regional, and life cycle ecology structures. As an example of prospects for individual cascading routes, sludges may continue to be incinerated, but the route to landfills will be closed. The main obstacles of legislative drive toward better IE systems are in many cases existing laws and political considerations rather than economic or technical aspects. The study and practice of engineering human technology systems and related elements of natural systems should develop in such a way that they provide quality of life by actively managing the dynamics of relevant systems to reduce the risk and scale of undesirable behavior and outcomes. For the paper industry, earth systems engineering offers several development routes. One of them is the further recognition of and research on the fact that the products of the industry are returned back to the carbon cycle of the natural environment. Opportunities for modifying current earth systems may also be available for the industry, e.g. genetically modified plants for raw materials or organisms for making good quality pulp out of current raw materials. It is to be recognized that earth systems engineering may become a very controversial area, and that very diverse political pressures may determine its future usefulness to the paper industry.
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SHEVCHUK, ANATOLY V. "ECOLOGICAL AND ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF ARCTIC DEVELOPMENT." Scientific Works of the Free Economic Society of Russia 226, no. 6 (2020): 146–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.38197/2072-2060-2020-226-6-146-162.
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The Arctic is of great importance for the development of the country’s economy. At the same time, the active entry of industry into this region brings with it environmental risks. The most difficult issues for reducing environmental stress in this zone are the elimination of accumulated environmental damage, prevention and elimination of accidents. The important decisions made in the development of the Arctic provide for the implementation of environmental protection measures based on the national project “Ecology”. Large industrial enterprises located in the Arctic will play a significant role in this. To ensure conditions for the further development of the economy in this zone, it is necessary to intensify the work on cleaning up the contaminated areas, including the completion of a project for the ecological improvement of the Franz Josef Land archipelago. The issue of assessing and eliminating the consequences of accidents is relevant for the Arctic, but in this direction it is necessary to improve the regulatory and methodological base. Based on the results of the study, specific measures are proposed to improve the environmental situation in the Arctic, including: to organize scientific research to assess the accumulated and current and environmental damage in the Arctic, to form a separate subprogram “Elimination of accumulated environmental damage in the Russian Arctic for the period 2022–2030”; to prepare proposals for the allocation of directions in the structure of the Arctic Development Fund for environmental safety and elimination of accumulated and future environmental damage; to develop a modern regulatory and methodological base for the determination of damage; to settle issues of a regulatory and methodological nature in terms of assessment and elimination of the consequences of accidents to develop proposals on the use of public-private partnership mechanisms with state funding of measures aimed at the rehabilitation of environmentally unfavorable territories, the elimination of environmental damage in the Arctic.
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Pyzheva, Yu I., and Y. V. Zander. "Economic Aspects of Ecological Problems Solving for Russian Cities." Economics, taxes & law 12, no. 5 (October 31, 2019): 111–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.26794/1999-849x-2019-12-5-111-120.
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The subject of the research is the ecological situation in 12 selected cities: Bratsk, Krasnoyarsk, Lipetsk, Magnitogorsk, Mednogorsk, Nizhniy Tagil, Novokuznetsk, Norilsk, Omsk, Chelyabinsk, Cherepovets and Chita. The purposes of the work are to analyze the structure, subjects, goals and objectives of the project “Pure Air” that is a part of a large-scale national project “Ecology”, as well as to evaluate the concrete character level of the proposed actions and their prospective effectiveness. In the course of the research only open sources of information, data of statistical organizations and relevant Ministries Departments were used. A conclusion is made about the large scale of the declared investment programmes of industrial enterprises (including heat-andpower enterprises) that will highly likely be fulfilled as they are carried out at the sole cost and expense of the enterprises. It is concluded in the article that complex plans to reduce emission of pollutants appear to be quite consequent and well-developed and they should lead to the achievement of the main project goal that is to reduce the total emission volume by at least 20%, and to change the load status of the cities under consideration from “very high” to “high”. If the majority of the actions planned is realized, the ecological situation in the selected cities will change significantly, which will allow to use the obtained experience in other Russian cities.
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Rui, Yang, and Lin Xi Jiao. "Study on Rural Sustainable Development Strategies Based on "Amenity Value"." Advanced Materials Research 347-353 (October 2011): 3020–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.347-353.3020.
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The connotation of “amenity value” was elaborated, and its role in improving agricultural production environment and operation pattern, promoting rural economic development and quality of rural residents was highlighted. On this basis, a new rural value system was established from the perspectives of agricultural functions, industrial forms and economic forms, and the concept of “rural amenities” was defined. Moreover, the development targets of “rural amenities” were analyzed, including the overall objectives and those specific ones from three aspects of production, life and ecology, and finally suggestions on the development of “rural amenities” were proposed, that is, elaborate production, elegant life and refined ecology.
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Kataeva, Natalia, Alexey Sysolyatin, Oksana Feoktistova, and Darya Starkova. "The concept of sustainable development environmental aspects and project approach." E3S Web of Conferences 244 (2021): 11027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202124411027.
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This article analyzes the environmental aspects of sustainable regional and macroeconomic development, as well as the impact of environmental factors and national environmental projects. The essence of the concept of sustainable development of economic entities in a broad sense is to ensure stable growth of indicators in the environmental, social and economic spheres in the long term. Based on the analysis of the list of indicators of sustainable development, the increasing role of the environmental component is shown. We have identified particularly acute environmental problems that hinder effective sustainable development both at the micro-level (of the organization) and at the macro-level in the whole country and the global community. Based on the calculation of the nature protection, socio-ecological and industrial-ecological indices, the consolidated environmental rating and the place of the Kirov region is determined in it. The analysis of the results of research and the opinions of the World Economic Forum experts on the problems of global threats showed the timeliness and relevance of the national project “Ecology” being implemented in Russia, as well as measures of environmental support and planned environmental projects in the Kirov region. The implementation of the planned measures will activate the catalysts of sustainable development and reduce the risks of negative impact on the environment.
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Nacheva, Lubov, Irina Kudryashova, Ludmila Gukina, and Natalia Zakharova. "Ecological and Economic Aspects of the Spread of Helminthiasis in the Coal Region on the Example of Kuzbass." E3S Web of Conferences 278 (2021): 02011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202127802011.
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The article deals with the ecological and economic aspects of the spread of helminthiasis in the coal region on the example of the Kemerovo region - Kuzbass. The authors note that the dominant component of environmental damage in coal-mining regions includes not only the industrial development, but also the negative impact of human activity as an anthropogenic factor of the biosystem. Based on the integrative approach of interaction between medicine, economics, and ecology, the authors developed and proposed practical measures to reduce the spread of helminthiasis in Kuzbass, which can not only effectively solve this problem, but also become the basic concept of the modern style of ecological thinking on a global scale. The paper proves the thesis that for the effective functioning of subjects of the Russian Federation with a single-industry focus, such as Kuzbass, it is necessary to form an ecological and economic mechanism that ensures the sustainable development of mining regions of the Russian Federation in changing external and internal conditions that determine the functioning of not only the mineral resource complex of mining regions, but also their socioeconomic development.
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Halliwell, Nigel, and Geoffrey Halliwell. "Biotechnological Aspects of Lignocellulose and Biomass Degradation." Outlook on Agriculture 24, no. 4 (December 1995): 219–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/003072709502400405.
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Vast amounts of lignocellulose/biomass are available, both naturally and as agricultural wastes, for exploitation as sources of chemical feedstocks, fuels, foods and feeds. In fact, cellulose is the only renewable biological resource available in sufficient quantity to support such large-scale industrial processes. The major constraints to these conversions and the utilization of lignocellulosic materials are economic. Apart from specially grown biomass crops the cellulose and hemicelluloses from crop residues show considerable potential for exploitation, especially as fossil fuels become depleted and less accessible. The problems may appear great but so too are the rewards.
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Criste, Ionel Virgil. "IMPLEMENTING AN INNOVATION MANAGEMENT SYSTEM AT NATIONAL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT INSTITUTE FOR INDUSTRIAL ECOLOGY - ECOIND." Romanian Journal of Ecology & Environmental Chemistry 2, no. 1 (July 31, 2020): 40–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.21698/rjeec.2020.106.
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The paper presents the activities performed for the implementation of the innovation management system integrated into the existing quality, environmental, and occupational health and safety management system of the ECOIND institute. The basic terms used in the project are defined and the international and Romanian standards are explained. The results obtained consist in identifying, introducing and describing the processes related to innovation and establishing the interaction of these processes with the other processes of the management system, establishing the policy and objectives related to innovation, reviewing the system procedures and the quality, environmental and occupational health, and safety management manual to include the innovation processes and elaborating the occupational procedures to keep these processes under control. The paper shows the main benefits of the innovation management system and the impact of this system for NRDI ECOIND in several aspects: technical, technological, economic, social, and environmental.
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Szekely, Julian, and Gerardo Trapaga. "Industrial ecology—The need to rethink the materials cycle: Some problems, solutions, and opportunities in the materials field." Journal of Materials Research 10, no. 9 (September 1995): 2178–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1995.2178.
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The main thrust of this paper is to define the concept of industrial ecology and to discuss how its principles may be utilized to reconsider the materials cycle. Simply put, ecological principles imply that we minimize waste during manufacture and ensure that the products are recycled at the end of their useful life. Such a rethought materials cycle has to stress waste minimization and, at the same time, track energy flows and cost considerations simultaneously with the movement of the materials streams. In this paper, special attention is paid to recycling issues in metals production, municipal waste, and also to recycling issues pertaining to electronic materials. Comments are made on the driving forces and the barriers to industrial ecology, including economics, regulation, management and education, and on the international aspects of industrial ecology.
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Jadchenko, D. S. "EXPERIENCE IN USE OF RECUPERATIVE BURNERS DEVICES IN FURNACES OF PERIODIC ACTION FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF BLANKS IN SPC-2 OJSC «BSW – MANAGEMENT COMPANY OF HOLDING «BMC»." Litiyo i Metallurgiya (FOUNDRY PRODUCTION AND METALLURGY), no. 4 (January 4, 2018): 32–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.21122/1683-6065-2017-4-32-36.
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In building and modernizing industrial furnaces the following important factors should be taken into account: on the one hand, economic efficiency must be ensured, and on the other hand it is important to reduce harmful emissions into the atmosphere, improve the working conditions of personnel, etc. At the same time, constantly increasing requirements for productivity and environmental friendliness should not adversely affect the period of cost recovery.This article considers the experience of using recuperative burners. Both positive and negative aspects of the use of burners are considered from the point of view of economics, ecology and technology.An important initial point of cost optimization is the correct choice of a heating system complete with an automatic control system. One example of an effective heating system is a burner with a built in air heating system (recuperative burner), which saves fuel, reduces harmful emissions and simultaneously improves the technical and economic performance of the furnaces.
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Chen, Jian Nan, Hsien Te Lin, and Ming Chin Ho. "The Green Factory Building Evaluation System in Taiwan: an Introduction to EEWH-GF." Applied Mechanics and Materials 71-78 (July 2011): 480–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.71-78.480.
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This paper introduces the Green Factory Building Evaluation System (called EEWH-GF) in Taiwan. EEWH-GF is aimed at industrial building, which has developed the highest density in Taiwan, in the world. The Taiwanese industry formerly achieved half the results while expending twice the effort in economic development, irrespective of the ecological environment. Several efforts are required to recover the increasing damage to the environment. The EEWH-GF contains two necessary indicators, Executives promise and Commissioning (CX), and four aspects: ecology, energy, waste, and health. By using EEWH-GF evaluation system, designers can modify building proposals in the design phase to meet project requirements. Not only is the system excellent for sustainable environment, but also for upgrading the industrial advantage of Taiwan in the world.
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Huseynov, A. G., and A. V. Sadygova. "Formation of ecologic-economic parameters in oil-gas producing enterprises." Azerbaijan Oil Industry, no. 9 (September 15, 2020): 60–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.37474/0365-8554/2020-9-60-64.
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For the diagnostics of ecologic-economic stability of industrial enterprise, a formulated parameter system containing the elements of ecological, economic, production and environmental protection is proposed. Moreover, from the point of view of “environmental compatibility” evaluation, the structure of the costs on the environmental protection, material-technical, economic and organizational aspects are presented. The main requirement to the proposed parameter system is a comprehensive characteristics of interrelation between the production and environment. The ecological-economical analysis of the enterprise activity is carried out in two directions: − revealing the scale, elements and results of the activity of the enterprise on environmental protection; − specifying the impact of protective activity on the final results of the enterprise performance.
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Hornborg, Alf. "Colonialism in the Anthropocene: the political ecology of the money-energy-technology complex." Journal of Human Rights and the Environment 10, no. 1 (March 2019): 7–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4337/jhre.2019.01.01.
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This article sketches a transdisciplinary theoretical framework for understanding the so-called Anthropocene in terms of global inequalities. The concept of the Anthropocene has several profound implications that challenge central aspects of the modern worldview. Its relation to issues of global justice requires a cataclysmic reconceptualization of conventional notions of development, economic growth, and technological progress. The article refers to the asymmetric global flows of resources that were a prerequisite to the British Industrial Revolution to illustrate how technological systems and so-called energy transitions are not just politically innocent revelations of nature, but thoroughly societal strategies of appropriation. Contemporary observations regarding environmental justice, climate justice, and energy justice can be theorized in terms of the modern inclination to think of the economy as detached from nature, and of technology as detached from world society.
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Alimbaev, Тurgai, Zhanna Mazhitova, Bibizhamal Omarova, Bekzhan Kamzayev, and Kuralai Atanakova. "Ecological problems of modern central Kazakhstan: challenges and possible solutions." E3S Web of Conferences 157 (2020): 03018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202015703018.
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This article discusses issues related to the environmental problems in various sectors of the Central Kazakhstan’s economy at the present stage. It is emphasized that the level of environmental pollution is increasing along with industrial progress in coal, non-ferrous and ferrous metallurgy, chemistry, engineering, and the growth of the transport highways network and numerous communications. The authors of the article give examples of how the transition to market mechanisms of economic development generated, on the one hand, the growth of the republic’s powerful economic potential. On the other hand, the increase in industrial production with energy and resource-intensive production has led to a real threat of an environmental crisis in the region. It is concluded that the solution of the environmental problem is possible by preserving and restoring natural systems, a complete social transition to sustainable development by practical implementation of the environmental concept, including natural-resource, techno-economic, demographic and sociocultural aspects. According to the authors, these measures will contribute to the way out of the current environmental crisis, a radical improvement of the environment, will be the key to preserving the ecology of space. The methodological basis of the study was the principle of scientific objectivity, which allowed to analyze the subject under study taking into account the realities of economic changes in the industry.
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Pilloud, Francis, Nasibeh Pouransari, Luc Renard, and Rebecca Steidle. "Bromine Recycling in the Chemical Industry – An Example of Circular Economy." CHIMIA International Journal for Chemistry 73, no. 9 (September 18, 2019): 737–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2533/chimia.2019.737.
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This paper discusses the application of the circular economy concept and industrial ecology approach in the context of industrial chemical sites. A real-life case study about the use of bromine as reactant for chemical synthesis and its recycling by Syngenta in Monthey is described in detail. With a recovery yield of 97% it represents a well-established example of closed loop recycling, one aspect of the circular economy. The process leads to significant safety and environmental risk reduction and economic savings in the order of several million CHF per year.
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Fokina, Zoya Titovna, and Alisa Igorevna Podlesnykh. "Synergetic approach to the ecologization of industrial production." Vestnik MGSU, no. 11 (November 2015): 130–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.22227/1997-0935.2015.11.130-141.
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The questions of the relationship between economy and ecology of industrial production were described in the studies of the ecologization of cement production. The prospects of understanding of the production as a global integrated ecological-economic system were shown, the analysis of which should be applied by means of general principles of synergetics and by means of the ideas of the concept of sustainable development. Russia ranks fifth in terms of cement production in the world today. The cement industry is of great importance for the economic development of our country, because it produces the main type of construction materials for housing and industrial complex, and for the construction of infrastructure objects. Cement production is characterized by high resource and energy consumption. A significant increase in the production and consumption of cement causes the aggravation of the environmental situation and disruption to social and natural systems. For the optimization of the functioning of ecological-economic systems, it is necessary to analyze the socio-natural system from the standpoint of the ideas of synergetics. The main distinctive property of ecological-economic systems, which suggest its consideration using synergy, is its openness. The resources and other materials are coming from outside, after that it’s exposed, transformed and comes outside from the production cycle in the form of the final product and then comes to the users. During all stages of processing and during the use of final products the wastes are thrown away from the system. It causes pollution and harm to the ecological system. We can reduce this harm by means of the ideas of synergetics. One of the aspects of the following of the synergetic principles is the comparison of production and natural potentials. In order to achieve the balance it is necessary to carry out the following directions of ecologization of industrial production: recycling - reusing of raw materials and wastes; upgrading of the production, upgrading of the equipment, as well as the development and implementation of various innovative, resource-saving and low-waste technologies; creation and production of products with a longer work life; the improvement of treatment facilities of the cement plants and the use of different filtration and capture systems. It is necessary to note the fact that in practice each of these separated fields is able to solve only one local problem. To reduce environmental capacity of the cement production, we must unite different ways of the dialectic, following the principles of synergetics and methodological pluralism. Thus, there is a synergistic effect, contributing to the optimization of the functioning of ecological-economic systems and the solution of the problem of ecological production. Synergies should be defined as the interaction of two or more factors in which their combined effect significantly exceeds the effect of each individual component of their amount. Only on the basis of a synergistic, comprehensive, integrated approach to the ecologization of industrial production we can greatly reduce the pollution of nature, optimize the functioning of ecological-economic systems and implement the concept of sustainable development.
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Jones, Alwyn. "The Violence of Materialism in Advanced Industrial Society: An Eco-Sociological Approach." Sociological Review 35, no. 1 (February 1987): 19–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-954x.1987.tb00002.x.
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The main argument to be developed in this article is that such phenomena as war, vandalism and urban ‘terrorism’ are not isolated events, but reflect the values and beliefe embedded in the deep institutional structure of advanced industrial societies. It will be argued that in such societies, however politically patterned, there is a universal, and virtually unequivocal, acceptance of economic growth and expansion as the prime objective to be pursued. As such economic expansion depends on advances in scientific and technological knowledge the control and manipulation of nature is given full legitimacy. This attitude towards nature is seen as a central feature of the industrial culture as a whole and reflects the dominance of material over other human values. And it is the asymmetry between these value systems which predisposes the industrial culture to violence and instability: in short it gives ideological support to the use of violence in the resolution of problems, whether these be of a political, social or economic nature. It will be contended that there is a clear need to go beyond the traditional marxist analysis of capitalism in order to show how the institutional structure of advanced industrial societies plays a part both in stimulating and reproducing the ideology of violence notwithstanding considerable differences in the political arrangements in such societies. It follows from this that what is required is a broad theory of industrialization, rather than specifically of capitalism. As Illich argues, Our present ideologies are useful to clarify the contradictions which appear in a society which relies on the capitalist control of industrial production; they do not, however, provide the necessary framework for analysing the crisis in the industrial mode of production itself. As the writer has argued elsewhere the formulation of such a theory could be enhanced through the establishment of continuities between the thought of radical humanists such as Illich and that of the critical theory of the Frankfurt School. This article reflects an initial attempt to achieve a synthesis of such ideas. In the concluding paragraphs the article will address itself to a key question – what new modes of thinking, what kinds of institutions, are necessary if the ideology of violence is to be transcended? It will be argued here that the possibility of such transcendence depends on the establishment of a new organizing principle – ‘deep ecology’3 – as a basis for the construction of an alternative social reality. In contrast to the prevailing attitude in advanced industrial society which legitimizes humankind's assumed position of dominance and control over all aspects of nature, ‘deep ecology’ lays stress on oneness and interdependence with humankind no longer at the centre of the stage. Through the exploration of the concept of ‘deep ecology’ an attempt will be made to develop an ecological perspective in sociological thought. The consistent failure of sociological theorizing to encompass the ecological debate is a serious disciplinary weakness at a time when there is evidence of a mounting ecological crisis of global proportions. Whilst it is accepted that the thesis presented here cannot claim more than tentative status at this stage, the writer's minimum aims will have been achieved if it acts as a catalyst for the further discussion and development of these ideas within the discipline.
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Soldak, Мyroslava. "Industrial ecosystem and revitalization of brownfields." Economy of Industry 3, no. 95 (September 15, 2021): 70–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/econindustry2021.03.070.
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The creation of climate-neutral industrial ecosystems based on digital leadership determines the movement of advanced countries towards competitiveness on the global stage. Industrial ecosystems of most regions of Ukraine are characterized by a low technological level of key industries and lack of organizational routines that can ensure their transition to a higher technological and resource-efficient level. The problem of forming a modern policy in the field of revitalization of abandoned areas of former industrial use (brownfields), in particular in the field of industrial waste processing, needs an urgent solution. The article is aimed at highlighting the theoretical foundations and practical aspects of creating a new industrial path through the revitalization of brownfields in underdeveloped industrial ecosystems on the example of old industrial mining regions. The paper proposes the use of a bricolage approach to create a new path of development of old industrial mining regions. This approach focuses not on the breakthrough development of the new industry, which is almost impossible in the conditions of insufficient development of industrial ecosystems, but on the gradual process of strategic cooperation of many participants (local and non-local enterprises, research institutes, local authorities, community, national and regional authorities, other stakeholders), coordination and pooling of resources at different levels, which will eventually have to evolve together, thus leading to a favorable institutional environment for the new industry. The establishment of an enterprises for the processing of coal preparation within the framework of the brownfield revitalization project is a kind of a kludge, the temporary adaptation of the community to the complex socio-economic and environmental situation, which is a consequence of the cessation of intensive coal mining, which will make it possible to create new routines of business behavior of institutions and citizens, the best of which in the process of evolutionary selection will be able to adapt to the new challenges of global technological transformations in industry and ecology. The practical implementation of the given approach is primarily represented in the creation of special institutions that are alternatives to the institutional traps of industrial development on the principles of the circular economy and relate to the introduction of more strict measures when implementing European waste management standards in national legislation and additional taxes that force enterprises to recycle waste; emergence of special enterprises (scavengers and decomposers) that use new effective disposal measures to restore and further use brownfields; creation of special community development corporations that promote economic development and environmental sustainability of the territory and ensure broad community participation in the creation of initiatives and decision-making; use of opportunities for Ukrainian integration in the field of innovation, science and education under the Association Agreement signed with the European Union in order to make effective decisions on the revitalization of brownfields.
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PAN, Jiahua, and Lei HU. "Analysis of the Factors of Climatic Productivity." Chinese Journal of Urban and Environmental Studies 06, no. 03 (September 2018): 1850015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s234574811850015x.
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Though researches about productivity from the aspects of economics and ecology have covered natural factors, the most basic climatic factors therein were ignored. The eco-footprint and climate capacity have an explicit coverage of the impact of climatic factors on productivity. It can be concluded that climate is also a kind of productivity and mitigating climate change is improving productivity, after an analysis of the primary, industrial, and ecological climatic productivities defined by the decisive factors of climatic productivity. In view of the above, the study of climatic productivity needs to be further deepened in both theory and methodology.
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Krupina, N. N. "Industrial zones is the place where the green city originates." National Interests: Priorities and Security 16, no. 10 (October 15, 2020): 1857–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.24891/ni.16.10.1857.
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Subject. The article updates the scientific view of the environmental protection greening and the special land use regime as a special city planning means of passive sanitary protection of people from the adverse aerial and technological impact and the recovery of the environment we live in. Objectives. I identify the specifics of designing and efficient operation of environmental protection greening as an inseparable part of the urban ecosystem. The article justifies the technique for strategic positioning of respective infrastructure projects in order to ensure the protective effect. Methods. The study relies upon general methods of analysis, systematization of existing viewpoints and published findings, graphic and logic analysis, matrix-based tools to choose an administrative strategy. Results. I analyzed the air-holding capacity of economic activity in regions and the outcome of air quality monitoring as a risk factor for public health. The article pinpoints operational difficulties in the environmental protection greening facilities and strategic approaches to addressing the issues in order to improve the environmental security of industrial zones. I determine new aspects of public relations and groups of criteria to assess the effectiveness of green infrastructure projects. The article provides the rationale for fiscal incentives for investors and public-private partnership of stakeholders. Conclusions and Relevance. Considering national projects, such as Ecology, Demography, Convenient Urban Environment, I emphasize the relevance of recovering and rehabilitating obsolete environmental protection greening facilities situated in industrial zones of industrially developed cities. Green projects should indeed comply with a set of progressive results of fundamental studies carried in various scientific areas. There should be fiscal incentives in terms of taxes and depreciation on special assets as the basis for the private-municipal partnership in green assets management in order to enhance the environmental security of industrial zones.
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Heinen, Joel T., and Roberta (‘Bobbi’) S. Low. "Human Behavioural Ecology and Environmental Conservation." Environmental Conservation 19, no. 2 (1992): 105–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892900030575.
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We contend that humans, as living organisms, evolved to sequester resources to maximize reproductive success, and that many basic aspects of human behaviour reflect this evolutionary history. Much of the environment with which we currently deal is evolutionarily novel, and much behaviour which is ultimately not in our own interests, persists in this novel environment. Environmentalists frequently stress the need for ‘sustainable development’, however it is defined (seeRedclift, 1987), and we contend that a knowledge of how humans are likely to behave with regard to resource use, and therefore a knowledge of what kinds of programmes are likely to work in any particular situation, is necessary to achieve sustainability. Specifically, we predict that issues which are short-term, local, and/or acute, such as an immediate health-risk, will be much easier to solve than issues which are broad, and which affect individuals other than ourselves, our relatives, and our friends. The bigger the issue is, the less effective is likely to be the response. Hence, the biggest and most troublesome ecological issues will be the most difficult to solve —inter aliabecause of our evolutionary history as outlined above.This may not appear to bode well for the future of the world; for example, Molte (1988) contends that there are several hundred international environmental agreements in place, but Carroll (1988) contends that, in general, none of them is particularly effective if the criterion for effectiveness is a real solution to the problem. There are countless examples of ‘aggressors’ (those nations causing the problem) not complying with an agreement, slowing its ratification, or reducing its effectiveness (e.g.the USversusCanada, or Great BritainversusSweden, with regard to acid rain legislation: Fig. 1,cf.Bjorkbom, 1988). The main problem in these cases is that the costs are externalized and hence discounted by those receiving the benefits of being able to pollute. Any proposed change is bound to conflict with existing social structures, and negotiations necessarily involve compromise in aquid pro quofashion (Brewer, 1980). We contend, along with Caldwell (1988) and Putnam (1988), that nations are much too large to think of as individual actors in these spheres. Interest groups within nations can affect ratification of international environmental treaties; for example, automobile industry interestsversusthose of environmental NGOs in the USA on the acid rain issue. It may even be that our evolutionary history is inimical to the entire concept of the modern nation state.Barring major, global, socio-political upheaval, we suggest that a knowledge of the evolution of resource use by humans can be used to solve at least some resource-related problems in modern industrial societies. In some cases, these can probably be solved with information alone, and in other cases, the problems can probably be solved by playing on our evolutionary history as social reciprocators; environmental problems which tend to be relatively local and short-term may be solvable in these ways. Economic incentives can provide solutions to many other types of problems by manipulating the cost and benefits to individuals. We suggest that broader, large-scale environmental problems are much more difficult to solve than narrower, small-scale ones, precisely because humans have evolved to discount such themes; stringent regulations and the formation of coalitions, combined with economic incentives to use alternatives and economic disincentives (fines) not to do so, may be the only potential solutions to some major, transboundary environmental issues.In preparing this argument, we have reviewed literature from many scholarly fields well outside the narrow scope of our expertise in behavioural ecology and wildlife conservation. Our reading of many works from anthropology, economics, political science, public policy, and international development, will doubtless seem naïve and simplistic to practitioners of those fields, and solving all environmental problems will ultimately take expertise from all of these fields and more. In general, however, we have found agreement for many of our ideas from these disparate disciplines, but much of their literature does not allow for a rigorous, quantitative hypothesis-testing approach to analysing the main thesis presented here — an approach that we, as scientists, would encourage. We hope to challenge people interested in environmental issues from many perspectives, to consider our arguments and find evidence,proorcon, so that we (collectively) may come closer to a better analysis of, and ultimately to solutions for, our most pressing environmental problems.
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Fedotov, G. S. "Economic Aspects of Bench Crest Lines Design in Pit Design Process in Geological and Mining Information Systems." Mining informational and analytical bulletin, S8 (2020): 14–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.25018/0236-1493-2020-3-8-14-20.
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Singh, Upma, Rishikesh K. Tiwari, and Ravi S. Pandey. "Physicochemical Characteristics of Fertilizer Industry Effluent and its Toxicological Impact on the Activity of Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in Freshwater Teleosts Heteropneustes fossilis and Labeo rohita." Croatian Journal of Fisheries 77, no. 2 (June 1, 2019): 77–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/cjf-2019-0008.
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Abstract Industrial revolution is a good indicator of economic development of a country; however, it can be a threat to the flora and fauna if the untreated effluent of an industry is discharged. The present study is aimed to assess the comparative toxicological impacts of treated and untreated industrial effluents on acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity in Heteropneustes fossilis and Labeo rohita, the most common edible fishes having diverse characters which include differences in morphology, habitat, food and feeding, etc. The physico-chemical parameters such as pH, electrical conductivity (EC), alkalinity, hardness, dissolved oxygen (DO), phosphate, sulphate, nitrate, free ammonia, chloride, zinc, iron, chromium and potassium of both untreated and treated effluent from the fertilizer industry were also analyzed as these parameters were not in range as per ISO guidelines. The LC50 value for untreated effluent was 2.34% (v/v) and 0.80% (v/v) for 96 h in H. fossilis and L. rohita, respectively, while no mortality was recorded in the treated effluent. The AChE activity in both fish species was found to decline in metabolically responsive organs like brain, muscle and gills through exposure to sub-lethal concentrations (1/15th, 1/10th and 1/5th of LC50 value) of the untreated effluent for 96 h. Further studies on biochemical and molecular aspects may reveal the mechanism of their action.
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Salter, Stephen J. "When Low-Carbon means Low-Cost." International Journal of Social Ecology and Sustainable Development 2, no. 4 (October 2011): 12–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jsesd.2011100102.
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Ecology is often discussed as a matter of balance, in which environmental protection must be affordable and not interfere with jobs or the economy. At the same time, the economy is based on wastefulness. It has been estimated that the embodied energy in wasted food in the United States is greater than the energy available from the production of ethanol and from the annual yield from petroleum drilling in the outer continental shelf (Cuéllar & Webber, 2010). In addition, rising demand for fossil fuels is being met by sources that bring increasing environmental risk. This paper summarizes the industrial ecology aspects of a 2010 study completed by a cross-functional team of specialists in ecology, engineering, economics, and governance in Vancouver, Canada. The Integrated Resource Recovery Study, Metro Vancouver North Shore Communities (the North Shore Study) modeled the value of producing reclaimed water, electricity, and heat from wastewater, clean organic wood waste, and waste heat from industry simultaneously. The results suggest that this integrated approach could yield significant ecological benefits, and reduce the community’s greenhouse gas emissions by 25%. In addition, revenues from sales of recovered heat, water, greenhouse gas credits, and fertilizer could significantly reduce the cost of municipal waste management to taxpayers.
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Burdock, Robert P., and Peter Ampt. "The Characteristics of Five Food Production Systems and Their Implications for Sustainable Landscapes." Journal of Agricultural Science 10, no. 2 (January 12, 2018): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v10n2p23.
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This paper presents a classification of agricultural production systems that we believe characterises the complex interface between agriculture and the landscapes in which they are managed. Farmers have a choice about how they will manage their land, either to exclude inherent environmental complexity or to engage with it, mindful of risks associated with their approach. Adding to this complexity is the interplay between key natural, social, human, physical and financial resources in agricultural systems, highlighting the importance of extending sustainability principles to aspects of ecology, economics and culture. Decisions about agricultural systems hinge on a balance of productive outcomes, on sensitivity to the issues of environmental complexity, on economic grounds including the access to resources, and the socio-cultural needs of the community in which the farmer participates. Further, farm managers will make a choice that both satisfies and suffices (satisfices) against production, ecological efficiencies and resilience outcomes when choosing which food production system to adopt. In this paper, these complexities are analysed against five different agricultural systems on an ecological continuum; from biologically simple industrial systems that minimise interaction with the natural environment, to ecologically complex systems that are closely engaged with their environment. Production viability is a necessary consideration to maintain farming operations but is not sufficient if operational capacity is to be achieved in the long term. This analysis finds that it is also necessary to work with ecological, economic and social complexities, satisficing against productivity, ecological efficiency and inherit system resilience. No one particular farming systems is appropriate in all cases. The farmer’s choice may apply a mix of the five different agricultural systems described, allowing for the blending of these attributes in order to sustain rural landscapes.
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Drozdov, V. V. "Integrated Estimation of the Sustainability of Baltic and White Seas Ecosystems for Ensuring Environmental Safety of Shelf Resource Development." Ecology and Industry of Russia 25, no. 1 (January 13, 2021): 21–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.18412/1816-0395-2021-1-21-27.
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Theoretical aspects of the stability of marine ecosystems under the influence of the dynamics of hydrometeorological conditions are considered. Groups of natural factors of the ecosystems of the Baltic and White seas defining a level of stability – biocenotical, dynamic hydrological, the dynamic oceanological and corresponding to them estimated indicator indices with assessment of their information significance are justified. Rating of values of indicator indices is executed. Three versions of the integral index of assessment of stability of AISE (integrated assessment of sustainable existence) based on accounting of 6, 9 and 15 indicators indices are developed. On the basis of the received integral estimates zoning of ecosystems of the Baltic and White seas in relation to their stability is executed. Need of accounting of a level of stability of specific water areas in the course of planning and implementation of sea economic activity – navigation, dredging operations, mounting of underwater infrastructure, industrial fishing is justified.
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Koblianska, Inna. "Ecologically related transformation of the logistics theory: directions and content." Environmental Economics 9, no. 4 (January 24, 2019): 44–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ee.09(4).2018.04.
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In the context of sustainable development, the need to improve the models of functioning and development of society, as well as the scientific knowledge underlying them is urgent. In particular, an ecologically oriented improvement of logistics science is needed to ensure the full use of its tools to resolve the modern socio-ecological and economic problems of resource use. In this regard, it is important to identify the directions and content of the ecologically related transformation of theoretical and methodological foundations of logistics, which is the purpose of this article. The paper outlines the main directions of logistic theory change in the context of the sustainable development paradigm. These changes embrace the improvement of the methodological basis of logistic science on the ground of provisions of ecological economics, environmental ethics, and principles of industrial ecology, etc. As a result, modern logistic management goals and objectives include environmental and social targets, and wider interpretation of material flow allows to manage the waste, emissions, secondary materials, and flaw components. The improvement of a methodical framework of logistic decision-making is associated with the environmentally adjusted calculation and analysis of total costs, proceeding from the assessment of environmental aspects of flow processes through the use of material flows analysis and life cycle assessment tools. Thus, the conceptual provisions of logistics may be used to solve various tasks in the context of sustainable development, in particular: to minimize the negative environmental impact of certain production process, enterprise, network (supply chain), as well as to form the regulatory framework for the promotion of ecoindustrial parks.
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Grosglik, Rafi. "Organic Hummus in Israel: Global and Local Ingredients and Images." Sociological Research Online 16, no. 2 (June 2011): 88–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.5153/sro.2339.
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Hummus is an ancient traditional dish in Middle Eastern Cultures. In Israel it is one of the most common foods, appropriated as an icon of Israeli culture and nationality. Today, hummus is served in Israel in many restaurants, and is even distributed as a commercially packaged spread sold in supermarkets. Organic hummus – a recent version of the dish – is influenced by global trends of ethical and reflexive food consumption. Organic food is conceived as the spearhead opposing the consequences of globalization. It is customary to view it as representing locality, health, ecology and social justice. But it also embodies representations of globalism and westernism, mainly because of its integration in the global industrial system and its origin among the post-materialistic-social elite in western countries. This article deals with the encounter of the global and the local as embodied in organic hummus in Israel. Looking at the production, distribution, and consumption of this dish uncovers social and political layers embedded in it. I will argue that the global socio-economic conditions and ideas embedded in the concept of organic attached to hummus are the ones which allow – paradoxically – the imagined re-localization of the dish. Organic hummus in Israel is a dish steeped in paradoxical aspects, and therefore characterized by culinary-ideological-dissonance. Hummus is a dish that was perceived as representing rootedness, earthiness, and local simplicity, but nowadays, in its organic version, it wears an economic and symbolic framework of global values used by the Israeli westernizing elite to demonstrate a widespread-environmental cosmopolitan identity.
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Baranov, P., O. Slyvna, and O. Matyushkina. "Eco-aesthetic features of mineral deposits." Journal of Geology, Geography and Geoecology 27, no. 1 (July 10, 2018): 20–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/111826.
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The aim of work is a study of worked out fields, under development and explored deposits of minerals for the purpose eco-aesthetics.The basis of eco-aesthetics is the principle of utility (utility, expediency) and beauty (aesthetics).The criteria for assessing the eco-aesthetics of geological objects are economic, environmental and aesthetic characteristics. Developed deposits cause irreparable damage to the geological environment and the entire ecosystem. Extraction from the bowels of the earth of minerals violates the geochemical systems on many decades and centuries, and on occasion changes the landscape of locality. Developed deposits can be economically profitable, ecologically clean and esthetically attractive due to development to the aesthetic and historical aspects. An example is the Wieliczka mine in Poland, where business, ecology and aesthetics are harmoniously combined. A number of the largest worked out fields and developed fields in Ukraine are in extremely need of the development of this issue. Developed iron ore deposits are one of the important factors of industrial potential of Ukraine. Semiprecious stone material, jaspilite, is the aesthetic aspect of these fields. They have colossal reserves. Using their decorative properties, we have developed the laws of shaping for the design of natural stone, identified the main areas of application of jaspilites in decorative art. Implementation of the idea of creating a Jespilite room will allow Krivbas not only industrial, but also cultural and educational center. The achieved results will qualitatively improve the eco conditions for the local population, the development of stone carving art and will lead to business growth. The explored deposits of spodumene pegmatites in the Western sea of Azov in addition to lithium mineralization contain expansive fields of graphic microcline pegmatites, spodumene and albitic pegmatites. They contain samples of pink spodumene (kunzite), petalite from light green to pink, tourmaline (sherl). Thus, this deposits of spodumene pegmatites in Western Azov today require a comprehensive assessment of minerals, because in addition to ore mineralization there is also a gemstone-colored raw material.
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Audet, Patrick, Bradley D. Pinno, and Evelyne Thiffault. "Reclamation of boreal forest after oil sands mining: anticipating novel challenges in novel environments." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 45, no. 3 (March 2015): 364–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfr-2014-0330.
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Boreal forests in northern Alberta have a growing anthropogenic footprint due to a rapidly growing oil sands mining industry. Although land reclamation is a necessary aspect of responsible industrial development, these activities nearly always affect higher order landscape components such as the broader landform, and its hydrology and biogeochemistry. Recent anthropogenic impacts are then believed to result in new environmental conditions and obstacles under which the boreal forest is developing, potentially leading to irreversibly different environments that could be characterized as novel ecosystems. Reflecting an emerging trend across the field of restoration ecology, these novel ecosystems are not necessarily undesirable. Instead, they are an unavoidable consequence of pervading anthropogenic effects on natural ecosystems. It is our view that successful reclamation outcomes can still be derived so long as policy and regulatory requirements are afforded the necessary scope and economic flexibility to account for the development of hybrid and novel ecosystems among highly disturbed mine sites. Hence, this analysis seeks to situate current and anticipated challenges affecting the reclamation of boreal forest following oil sands mining by describing (i) how regulatory criteria shape reclamation practices and targeted end goals and (ii) how these approaches embody latest trends and priorities in the area of restoration ecology.
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Rangel-Preciado, J. Francisco, Francisco M. Parejo-Moruno, Esteban Cruz-Hidalgo, and Francisco J. Castellano-Álvarez. "Rural Districts and Business Agglomerations in Low-Density Business Environments. The Case of Extremadura (Spain)." Land 10, no. 3 (March 9, 2021): 280. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land10030280.
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The strategy of the institutionalization and development of business agglomerations, in any of its analytical aspects (industrial district, local production system, cluster, etc.), has not had great results in Spanish regions with low business-density, probably due to the difficulty of finding an adequate implementation framework in administrative, geographic, and institutional terms. Based on the limitations presented by the identification methodologies of business agglomerations in low business-density territories, in this work we propose some methodological corrections that allow for reconciling these economic realities with the institutional and geographical framework offered by the local action groups (LAGs). This reconciliation is a useful tool to take advantage of the economies of agglomeration and, consequently, to explore the possibilities of endogenous development in rural areas, so that it can be a factor to take into account when planning and executing the public strategy of local and rural development. Finally, the results obtained for the specific case of Extremadura, the only Spanish region listed as a less developed one in European rural development policies, are presented.
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Castán Broto, Vanesa, and Martín Sanzana Calvet. "Sacrifice zones and the construction of urban energy landscapes in Concepción, Chile." Journal of Political Ecology 27, no. 1 (April 12, 2020): 279–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.2458/v27i1.23059.
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This article examines how national energy policies in Chile constitute urban energy landscapes characterized by environmental and spatial inequalities. The concept of urban energy landscapes is deployed to explain the spatial patterns resulting from energy governance and energy conflicts in the metropolitan area of Concepción, a metropolitan region of strategic importance in the configuration of national energy policy. These urban energy landscapes result from the constitution of 'sacrifice zones' that reflect an extractivist model of energy production. The combination of qualitative interviews and transect walks reveals different aspects of a dual arrangement of energy infrastructure and urbanization. The city's fragmented landscapes emerge from the coexistence of energy infrastructure and associated industries, with daily activities of communities that have little to do with these industries but live in their shadow. Conflicts in these urban energy landscapes are intense, with every inch of space contested by competing modes of 'being urban.' The urban energy landscape in Concepción is an expression of a clash of social and economic power with local priorities.Keywords: urban energy landscapes, industrial landscapes, sacrifice zones, energy conflicts, coal energy, Chile
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Sheludko, Ella. "Modernizational instruments of institutional support of industry ecologization." University Economic Bulletin, no. 42 (June 19, 2019): 136–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.31470/2306-546x-2019-42-136-149.
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Relevance of research topic. The development of a resource-efficient economy has become a natural trend for the development of many developed countries, even those that are rich in natural resources. Ukraine has also started transforming its economic system in response to growing challenges from resource constraints, climate change and competition in international markets. An important push in this direction was the signing of the Association Agreement between Ukraine and the European Union, according to which there should be an implementation of the substantive provisions of the EU Directives concerning the "greening" of industry, and in particular those affecting the activity and development of potentially dangerous industries. Hence, there is a need for monitoring of implementation of institutional instruments for ecologization of industrial production and analysis of the implementation of economic reforms, which are provided with a number of strategic state documents in the field of “greening” of the industry. Formulation of the problem. Today there is a need for reforming the existing system of air quality management, water and wastewater management, waste management, since the current one does not allow full implementation of the policy provisions of the Association Agreement between Ukraine and the European Union. Comprehensive solution of urgent environmental problems requires coordinated actions of various government institutions and the adoption of managerial decisions on the assessment of technogenic and environmental risks and the monitoring of the environmental impact of industrial enterprises; there is also a need for the introduction of new effective levers of state policy on the management of hazardous production on the basis of the concept of "greening" of the industry. Analysis of recent research and publications. The problems of the disclosure of the transformational changes in the industry in the direction of its "greening" and the role of the state in the modernization of potentially hazardous productions have been given considerable attention in the scientific works of Berzina S., Burkinskyi B., Veklych O., Galushkina T., Ilyashenko I., Kvasha T., Kozachenko T., Kupinets L., Musina L., Omelchenko A., Potapenko V., Harichkov S., Khlobistov Y. and others. Selection of unexplored parts of the general problem. The new environmental policy is the control of pollution of the environment, primarily, the control of industrial pollution. In this context, the environmental modernization of industrial enterprises is conditioned by changing the state's environmental policy towards polluting enterprises, which will improve the quality of life for modern and future generations, will provide "green" industrial growth, form effective mechanisms for the preservation and restoration of the natural environment. The introduction of new instruments of state policy in the environmental sphere is a large-scale reform that will affect the entire Ukrainian industry, while the formation of a systematic vision of major achievements in the implementation of international requirements for the eco transformation of industrial enterprises is still an insufficiently researched issue in the scientific literature. Setting the task and the purpose of the study. The main task of the publication is the development of effective measures to improve institutional instruments for managing the ecological development of industrial enterprises in order to support the implementation of the Agreement with the EU in the field of greening the Ukrainian economy and assessing the implementation of the EU Directives, the implementation of other international instruments in Ukrainian legislation, including management of hazardous enterprises, which will help minimize the risks of environmental aspects in the process of production, effective prevention and control of industrial pollution, raising the level of environmental safety. Method or methodology for conducting research. The research uses the following methods of scientific knowledge: dialectical method, methods of comparison and observation, methods of economic analysis, analysis and synthesis, ascension from abstract to concrete, system-structural method. Presentation of the main material (results of work). The current state and trends of the development of potentially dangerous industrial enterprises in Ukraine are characterized and the features of their functioning are characterized, which are connected in a certain way with the significant use of potentially dangerous technologies, the growth of environmental problems and territories where there is a high probability of natural and man-made disasters; the analysis of strategic documents of the state in the field of hazardous production management has been carried out; new approaches to environmental modernization of potentially hazardous industries, determined by the priority of environmental safety and subordination of the goals of the development of industrial production to the technology of environmental and ecological safety with the coordination of interests of the ecology and economy, are grounded; recommendations on ecological adaptation of economic growth related to the development of industry have been developed. The field of application of results. Realization of measures of influence of state ecological policy on activity of industrial enterprises. Conclusions according to the article. The proposed measures on ecological adaptation of economic growth in industry allow to improve the mechanism of prevention, reduction and control of industrial pollution in accordance with international environmental requirements and promote the industrialists and entrepreneurs in ensuring the proper level of "greening" of technological processes.
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PETRUSHENKO, M. M., and H. M. SHEVCHENKO. "REGULATION OF ECOLOGIC-AND-ECONOMICAL RISKS AND THE RESPONSIBILITY FOR HUMAN WELL-BEING: FOR EXAMPLE OF WASTE MANAGEMENT." Economic innovations 20, no. 3(68) (September 20, 2018): 165–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.31520/ei.2018.20.3(68).165-174.
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Topicality. The ecological situation has a special aggravation in the form of environmental, in particular, economic-environmental conflicts, which in Ukraine and other countries during the last decade have become widespread and have increased numerically: “amber” conflicts in the west and in the center of the country; antagonistic actions on its east, which have environmental consequences and, including that, caused by a factor of natural resources. Particularly, there are conflicts related to the negative management of domestic waste (for example, in Lviv) and hazardous industrial waste (for example, in Shostka of the Sumy region). The problem does not find its positive solution as a result of deliberately ignoring the interests of the individual as the main recipient of the consequences of the ecological-economic processes. Required humanistic approach and anthropocentric view: it is impossible to objectively avoid the presence of environmental issues, but to risk the lives and health of people through the environmental consequences of economic activity, neither the state nor business entities have no moral right.Aim and tasks. The objective of the research is to substantiate the theoretical analysis of ecological and economic risks, in the context of their regulation towards increasing the well-being of the individual and the population in general and, therefore, viewing from this angle the role of the state and the society in resolving conflicting environmental-economic issues, in particular, on the example of waste management, on the basis of the principle of responsibility.Research results. The theoretical positions defining the role of the state and society in the regulation of conflict environmental-and-economic issues (in particular, in the field of waste management through the introduction of low-waste technologies) affecting human well-being is considered in the article. The necessity of incorporating the environmental component into the well-being structure along with the expected life expectancy, availability and quality of medicine and education, GDP per capita, etc. is substantiated. This problem can be resolved positively, if the interests of the individual as the main recipient of the consequences of the environmental-and-economic processes are not ignored. The contradiction between the necessity of a humanistic approach and anthropocentric view is disclosed, on the one hand, and the objective inability to avoid the presence of conflict-environmental issues and fundamentally the risk of human life and health through their consequences, on the other. The complex of economic, political-and-managerial, social, demographic and cultural indicators is proposed that should be taken into account when assessing the role of the state and society in regulating environmental-and-economic risks in the direction of maintaining human well-being. Stages of the mechanism of such regulation are considered as that including identification of ecological- and-economic situations of conflict, substantiation of complexity of regulation of ecological-and-economic risks, forecast estimation of environmental damage caused as a result of unregulated ecological-and-economic risks, as well as formulation of recommendations for the creation and further development of a mechanism for their regulation.Conclusions. It is concluded that the role of the state is to create a framework that limits the ecological-and-economic activity, which leads to a decrease in human well-being; and motivates the search for new ways of production and management, that in a more strict state policy for ensuring human well-being allows to achieve the desired level of economic efficiency. Society from its side plays the role of the consumer of changes in such a policy. Adequate maintenance of welfare requires joint actions of the state and society in regulating ecological-and-economic risks. In the field of waste management, the solution of this issue requires, first of all, the introduction of low-energy technologies and increasing the environmental awareness of producers and consumers of products, which is associated with the generation of waste. In other words, increasing the well-being of the population also depends on how responsible all the parties concerned will deal with the issue of waste, its environmental and economic aspects.
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SADCHENKO, O. V. "INNOVATIVE MARKETING MANAGEMENT IN THE SYSTEM OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND ECONOMIC SAFETY." Economic innovations 23, no. 2(79) (June 20, 2021): 152–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.31520/ei.2021.23.2(79).152-164.
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Topicality. One of the most important aspects of innovative marketing management is its focus on the future, which consists in forecasting the possibility of resource extraction, use of new technologies, methods of cleaning, recycling and waste disposal, the ability to meet economic and environmental needs by offering appropriate (or alternative) goods or services . The system of innovative marketing-management of natural resources and conditions, rational use of nature is based entirely on knowledge of consumer demand and its expected changes in the near future, the fuller the product meets the wishes and environmental needs of the buyer, the greater the success of the manufacturer. Such a systematic approach in the development of new information and communication technologies for economic security is relevant. Innovations in marketing management should be considered comprehensively, taking into account environmental factors, as one of the most important components in the future development of the economy, and therefore one of its central links is the study of the market of environmental goods and services, market of environmental needs and environmental demand. environmental safety.Environmental protection, rational use of natural resources, ensuring the environmental safety of human life - an integral condition of economic, environmental and social development of Ukraine. Innovations are the basis for providing an innovative component of marketing management of the economic security of the enterprise, region, state. Sustainable economic development is largely due to the coordinating role of the state in creating conditions for the implementation of innovative marketing management, the accumulation of appropriate funds by enterprises, the use of elements of environmental marketing. That is, without investing real investment in the manufacturing sector, the development and efficiency of innovation processes that determine the economic growth of any country and its economic security is impossible.Aim and tasks. The purpose of the article is to determine in modern conditions of environmental and economic safety to consider the mechanism of formation of innovative marketing management.Research results. The needs of people in clean natural resources and conditions, in safe goods and services are the basis of strategic state policy - economic and environmental security of society. Of fundamental importance is the focus of production and economic activities on the production of the required environmentally friendly and environmentally safe products that meet environmental quality standards of the product and environmental standards of the environment, withstands production, sales, exchange and consumption. Innovative marketing management promotes the development of basic and applied research, the creation of a special branch of scientific knowledge about the properties and patterns of market dynamics, principles and methods, tools and forms of management of eco-marketing activities in the formation of economic security.Currently, the innovation of marketing management has become universal and has a strong influence on theoretical approaches to environmental management (nature management), of particular importance are studies aimed at stimulating all types of environmental activities and resource conservation. The main direction of economic regulation in terms of economic security is the transformation of the economy - is the soft introduction of certain elements of the economic mechanism without any radical breakage of existing structures to stabilize positions in order to ensure economic security.Conclusion. New technogenic space, organized around new flows of economic and environmental information, transforming production flows, creating a plurality of global industrial networks, including leading eco-innovation environments, on the one hand, contribute to the creation of territorial-spatial and ecoregions, ecometropolises. On the other hand, it leads to the isolation of regions for conducting, for example, organic farming, preservation of traditional forms of nature management, biodiversity. The new global secure economy and the emerging information society have a new spatial form that takes into account marketing management and includes environmental factors in their diversity.It is substantiated that in order to study the theoretical and practical issues of interactions and interactions of technologies, society, space and ecology, the mechanism of innovative marketing management should be applied taking into account the quality of the environment.
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Pulukadan, Irma, Rene Ch Keppel, and Grevo S. Gerung. "A study on bioecology of macroalgae, genus Caulerpa in northern Minahasa Waters, North Sulawesi Province." AQUATIC SCIENCE & MANAGEMENT 1, no. 1 (April 30, 2013): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.35800/jasm.1.1.2013.1965.
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Alga is a marine resource of potential to fisheries and marine sector. It has an important economic value to promote the economy in Indonesia. Nowdays, algae have been used as a relatively high value fisheries commodity since it has been used for food, industrial, pharmaceutical and cosmetic raw materials. This important potential needs to be supported with understanding of its biology and ecology, so that its utilization could increase the livelihood of the coastal villagers. This study was aimed at inventorying and identifying the members of genus Caulerpa found in North Minahasa Regency waters and studying some biological and ecological aspects of the algae in the area. Resuls showed that there were 7 species recorded, Caulerpa racemosa, C. racemosa var. macrophysa, C. sertularioides, C. taxifolia, C. serrulata,C. lentillifera and C. peltata. Ecologically, the environmental parameters, such as water temperature, salinity, pH, dissolved oxygen, turbidity, were in tolerable ranges for algal growth. Bottom substrate supported the growth of genus Caulerpa as well© Saat ini alga dijadikan sebagai komoditas hasil perikanan dengan nilai ekonomis yang relatif tinggi karena manfaatnya sebagai bahan makanan serta bahan baku industri, farmasi, dan kosmetik. Potensi yang cukup penting ini harus ditunjang dengan ilmu pengetahuan tentang biologi dan ekologi dari alga laut, sehingga pemanfaatannya dapat meningkatkan taraf hidup masyarakat pesisir. Penelitian tentang kajian bioekologi alga makro genus Caulerpa di perairan Minahasa Utara ini dilaksanakan dan diharapkan dapat memberikan informasi ilmiah tentang bioekologi alga makro genus Caulerpa, sehingga dapat dimanfaatkan untuk pengembangan pemanfaatan bagi kepentingan masyarakat pesisir khususnya dan industri alga makro umumnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menginventarisasi dan mengidentifikasi alga makro genus Caulerpa di perairan Kabupaten Minahasa Utara, dan mengkaji aspek bioekologinya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ditemukan 7 spesies, yaitu Caulerpa racemosa, C. racemosa var. macrophysa, C. sertularioides, C. taxifolia, C. serrulata, C. lentillifera dan C. peltata. Parameter lingkungan seperti suhu, salinitas, pH, oksigen terlarut, tingkat kecerahan air berada pada kisaran yang dapat ditolerir untuk pertumbuhan alga makro, sedangkan substrat juga mendukung pertumbuhan alga makro ini©
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Safonchyk, Oksana, and Konstiantyn Vitman. "PROSPECTS OF CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY DEVELOPMENT IN THE EU IN SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT." Baltic Journal of Economic Studies 5, no. 4 (October 29, 2019): 212. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/2256-0742/2019-5-4-212-220.
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In the world practice, corporate social responsibility (CSR) is recognized an important component of sustainable development strategy, for which reason governments of many countries pay considerable attention to the promotion of CSR ideas at the national level, creating favourable conditions for socially responsible behaviour of national and foreign enterprises. The author aims to analyse the experience of regulation of corporate social responsibility policy in the EU Member States, to show the practice of national governments of the EU Member States in the field of CSR, and to determine prospects of corporate social responsibility at the modern development stage in view of implementing the concept of sustainable development. Summarizing approaches to the definition of CSR, it can be emphasized that CSR should positively influence society, in which the enterprise operates. It is a free choice in favour of increasing the welfare and moral and ethical values of society through appropriate approaches to doing business. Relations between enterprises both in the European Union and in other countries are increasingly based on the principles of CSR. Compliance with these principles becomes an important prerequisite for attracting foreign investment and obtaining government orders. In the international context, CSR is an efficient instrument to develop partnership and cooperation of countries in the context of achieving the Millennium Development Goals, to control the negative influence of the industrial sector on ecology, to prevent social crises, as a consequence, to ensure sustainable development of the world civilisation. Among the European institutions, the European Commission’s committees play a key role in disseminating the idea of CSR. One of the main factors in strengthening the EU economy is considered precisely the stable growth based on the rational use of resources, ecology, and competition. Plans of the Strategy for 2012–2015–2020 clearly show that the European Union intends to strengthen control over economic management and “voluntarily oblige” the business to follow the rules of CSR. The goal of a new CSR Strategy is to create conditions favourable for sustainable development, responsible business conduct, and permanent employment in the medium and long term. Key changes in comparison with the policy for 2010 – definition of corporate social responsibility as “Responsibility of enterprises for their impact on society” and rejection of the principle of voluntariness: “the European Commission recognizes that some regulations stimulate CSR, therefore, public authorities should support the CSR development by applying a mix of voluntary and regulatory policies”. As the study showed, the governments of the EU countries are actively engaged in the development and promotion of corporate social responsibility. The role of the state is manifested in the implementation of the following key functions: the state as a legislator and a controlling authority; the state as an employer; the state as a consumer and a buyer; the state as a partner; the state as an institutional investor; the state as a participant in international relations. The most significant results have been achieved by those EU Member States that use the systemic approach to CSR development. In these countries, responsible state structures have been formed that coordinate work in all areas. The approach to the choice of instruments is individual and is selected taking into account the priorities of the country’s socio-economic development and the importance of economic, environmental, and social aspects. An example of Great Britain, France, Belgium, Estonia, and Spain shows the possibility of successful CSR development.
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Thompson, David T. "Cyanide: Social, industrial and economic aspects." Gold Bulletin 34, no. 4 (December 2001): 133. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03214826.
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Dovbiy, Irina, Artem Bogachev, and Natalya Dovbiy. "STATE INDUSTRIAL POLICY (ASPECTS OF ECONOMIC SECURITY)." Bulletin of South Ural State University series "Economics and management" 12, no. 3 (2018): 49–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.14529/em180305.
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Festel, G. W. "Biofuels – Economic Aspects." Chemical Engineering & Technology 31, no. 5 (May 2008): 715–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ceat.200700335.
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Arhipov, I. A. "Analysis of coal bed methane recovery technologies." Mining informational and analytical bulletin, no. 6-1 (May 20, 2020): 204–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.25018/0236-1493-2020-61-0-204-211.
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The study presents data on methane, as one of the most dangerous greenhouse gases. An analysis of the role of coal bed methane in the impact on the Earth ‘s atmosphere is provided; Based on the experience of reducing coal bed methane, the main steps that will ensure the development of this industry are assumed; Comprehensive analysis of methods to ensure methane safety has been carried out. The methodology of scientific research is to analyse and systematize the main scientific papers in the field of reducing the negative impact of methane on the environment and to analyze the main characteristics of coal bed methane recovery technologies. As a result, a set of measures has been defined to reduce the NROS of coal bed methane and various technologies for its extraction from coal beds have been analysed; The main characteristics of coal bed methane recovery technologies are identified and analyzed, affecting the efficiency of reduction of NROS, economic efficiency, as well as methane safety. In the detailed examination of the results, the main positive and negative aspects of various ways to reduce the NROS of coal mine methane were identified; Taking into account the main regularities of gas balance, the trends of methods of gas release control are determined, as well as the high efficiency of reduction of NROS of mine methane during development of a complex solution for its extraction is revealed. Finally, activities have been identified to improve the efficiency of coal bed degassing as technologies that have a positive impact on all performance criteria; The integrated use of various methane safety technologies is justified.
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Sushkevich, P. P. "Transformation of World Automotive Industry." Science & Technique 17, no. 5 (October 12, 2018): 432–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.21122/2227-1031-2018-17-5-432-439.
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The world industry is on a threshold of a new development cycle which is characterized by emergence of breakthrough technologies: distributed ledger technology, drone-type devices, 3D printing, virtual reality, Internet of things, augmented reality etc. Due to these technologies fundamental changes will take place in the majority of economic branches. The automotive industry is not an exception. This industry plays one of the key roles in economy in a great number of countries and changes occurring in it lead not only to creation of new products, technical processes but these changes also entail improvement of the industrial base which has been already created. The Republic of Belarus considers an automotive industry as one of key industries for its economy and its efficiency has a high dependency factor pertaining to speed of innovation emergence and implementation that is strategically important aspect of increase in competitiveness both on current sales markets and on potential ones. The paper pays a special attention to two main trends arising in the course of forming a new industrialization: increase in environmentally-friendly fuel systems and digital transformation. Problems of world ecology have exerted a considerable impact on developments in the field of alternative energy sources. Speed of development and promotion of electric vehicles considerably exceed “breakthrough” innovation developments of the past. However a great number of factors can have a significant effect on the future of electric vehicles and two of them are thoroughly considered in the paper: cost of energy (batteries) and price of oil (at the price of about 20 USD for barrel the development rate will considerably decrease). Besides the matter of environmental friendliness the paper pays attention to services of digital transformation. The world has already presented examples pertaining to usage of remote control for dump trucks, telematics etc. Such an approach makes it possible for organizations to optimize substantially an expenditure budget and doing so we increase resource use efficiency. The paper also contains a review of innovations in the automotive industry of the Republic of Belarus: BelGee electric cars, Belkommunmash electrobuses, developments of large industrial equipment.
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Ueta, Kazuhiro. "Some Economic Aspects of Industrial Waste Management System." Waste Management Research 8, no. 5 (1997): 348–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3985/wmr.8.348.
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Manderson, Edward J., and Timothy J. Considine. "An Economic Perspective on Industrial Ecology." Review of Environmental Economics and Policy 12, no. 2 (July 1, 2018): 304–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/reep/rey001.
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Karanina, E. V., and I. V. Mamurkov. "Assessment of indicators of economic security of economic subjects: regional and industrial aspects." Issues of Risk Analysis 16, no. 1 (February 28, 2019): 24–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.32686/1812-5220-2019-16-24-41.
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The article presents a conceptual approach to assessing indicators of economic security in the system of industries (economic activities) of the region’s economy, provides an assessment of the level of economic security from the standpoint of determining a complex parameter for certain types of economic activity of the Kirov region using selected indicators. Unification of types of economic activity and indicators is carried out. Given the rating assessment of economic activities.
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Feshchur, R. V., N. O. Kolinko, S. V. Shyshkovskyi, and D. I. Skvortsov. "Applied Aspects of Industrial Production Research in Ukraine." Business Inform 4, no. 519 (2021): 73–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.32983/2222-4459-2021-4-73-81.
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Industry is one of the important sectors of the economy of any country in the world. At the same time, statistics show that the industrial complexes of many countries are developing unevenly, with periodic changes in the structure and volume of production under the influence of many internal and external factors. Ukraine's industrial complex is also undergoing spatial and structural distortions, but these trends do not always correspond to those formed in the world's leading countries in the direction and pace of change, although today the industrial complex of Ukraine is the most important structural part of Ukraine's economy, a third of fixed assets and more than 30% of the employed population. As one of the largest spheres of social production in the country, industrial production determines the level of its socio-economic development, the specialization of the economy and the extent of participation in the territorial division of labor. Properly chosen strategy for the development of industrial production, the appropriate volume and structure of production, a reasonable volume of sales allows all participants in production to achieve their financial goals. This is due to the importance of studying the activities of industrial enterprises. The article constructs nonlinear models of multiple regression, which describe the main trends in industrial production, the effect of external and internal factors on the economic performance of industry in general and industrial enterprises in the western region of Ukraine. It is established that innovative transformations in industrial production have led to the renewal of fixed assets and have had a positive effect on the dynamics of economic results. At the same time, this process was accompanied by a reduction in the number of people employed in industry. It is revealed that the influential factors of the external environment include economic conditions of management, and among the factors of the internal environment – the management of innovation and innovation activity of economic entities. It is recommended to expand the set of tools at the expense of distribution-lag, autoregressive, simulative and other econometric models to describe the relationship between the economic performance of enterprises and factor characteristics.
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Barot, R. S., Parth Patel, Avadh Patel, and Amar Patel. "Corrosion prevention and industrial economic analysis aspects for water heater." Materials Today: Proceedings 28 (2020): 1795–800. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2020.05.196.
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Dobrova, Katrina B. "Financial and economic aspects of strategic management of industrial cluster." MIR (Modernization. Innovation. Research) 8, no. 4 (January 1, 2017): 566–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.18184/2079-4665.2017.8.4.566-573.
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Pizzocaro, Silvia. "Steps to industrial ecology: reflections on theoretical aspects." International Journal of Sustainable Development & World Ecology 5, no. 4 (December 1998): 229–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13504509809469988.
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