Academic literature on the topic 'Industrial designers – Cross-cultural studies'
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Journal articles on the topic "Industrial designers – Cross-cultural studies"
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Maclean, Kate. "Fashion in Bolivia’s cultural economy." International Journal of Cultural Studies 22, no. 2 (January 25, 2019): 213–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1367877918821233.
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This article explores the development of Chola Paceña fashions in La Paz, Bolivia. It traces the social and political lineage of the distinctive pollera dress, and its role in traditions that continue to underpin Aymaran social networks and economies, while it is simultaneously becoming a symbol of their consumer power. Bolivian gross domestic product (GDP) has tripled since 2006, and this wealth has accumulated in the vast urban informal markets which are dominated by people of indigenous and mestizo descent. It is predictable that such a rise in consumption power should enable a burgeoning fashion industry. However, the femininities represented by the designs, the models and the designers place in sharp relief gendered and racialized constructions of value, and how the relationship between tradition, culture and economy has been configured in scholarly work on creative labour, which has been predominantly based on the experience of post-industrial cities in the global North.
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Kurniawan, Michael Nathaniel. "Rethinking Art, Design, and Cultural History for the Indonesian Design Education and Creative Economy." Humaniora 10, no. 2 (August 5, 2019): 135. http://dx.doi.org/10.21512/humaniora.v10i2.5465.
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This research used extensive literature reviews of the history of Design HE, Art and Design History, Creative and Cultural Industries, Cultural Heritage Studies, and Design Studies to rethink the history, concepts, and common teaching practices of Art, Design, and Cultural History within the Design HE curriculum, especially for the Visual Communication Design Undergraduate program as it contributed to almost all of the creative industries’ sub-sectors. It is discovered that since the Industrial Revolution, the Design HE, the art and cultural museum, and the economy actually shares a strong correlation that has long been rejected and mostly forgotten. Exploring this correlation helps to determine the role of cultural heritage in the creative economy and to position Indonesian cultural heritage as central in the design curriculum. On this account, Art, Design, and Cultural History subject(s) should encourage designers to create new designs as active efforts to preserve past cultural values that also function as creative and critical interventions towards the global creative economy phenomenon.
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Davis, Tracy C. "Laborers of the Nineteenth-Century Theater: The Economies of Gender and Industrial Organization." Journal of British Studies 33, no. 1 (January 1994): 32–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/386043.
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In the purview of theater history, as on the theatrical stage itself, performers' and writers' command on attention is almost complete. Ancient Greek gave a word to its mask builders (skeuopoio), but apart from distinct vocabulary, history leaves few traces of theatrical laborers. A glance through any number of theatrical books, periodicals, bibliographies, biographical guides, and encyclopedias reveals the predominance of performers in the public eye, though managers, directors, designers, and critics occasionally attract scholarly studies. Even among novels, journalism, and theatrical guidebooks—genres that venture behind the scenes—the personnel that dress, light, paint, and build shows are rarely present. Their identity and labor is marginalized in the annals because it is marginalized in the conceptualization of what is important in theater production. Susan Todd takes unusual measures to challenge this tradition by documenting the experience of women stage managers in the contemporary theater, but in the historical realm this has not been attempted. Writers devote attention to how the stage actually worked (how stage effects were achieved and how the creative chain of command functioned), but to date no one has examined the structures and traditions of backstage labor by asking basic questions about the sociopolitical organization of the work.Only in highly esoteric treatises or the lightest of literature do theatrica jewelers, armorers, weavers, hosiers, basket makers, shoemakers, furnishers, cosmeticians, perruquiers, costumiers, seamsters, dressers, property makers, carpenters, gas fitters, printers, or ticket takers usually appear. These are all specialized trades and occupations indispensable to the building and running of nineteenth-century theatrical entertainment.
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Giustino, Cathleen M. "Industrial Design and the Czechoslovak Pavilion at EXPO ’58: Artistic Autonomy, Party Control and Cold War Common Ground." Journal of Contemporary History 47, no. 1 (January 2012): 185–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022009411422371.
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The socialist industrial designs displayed in Czechoslovakia’s EXPO ’58 pavilion spoke a visual language understood on both sides of the Iron Curtain, making the pavilion a site of common ground between East and West. The showcase was also a point of convergence between Czechoslovak visual artists and Communist Party authorities who engaged in complex political negotiations in the years after Stalin’s death. Visual artists vied for liberation from socialist realism’s constraints, although they kept their demands within limits to avoid risking Party backlash. Communist Party leaders wanted domestic stability and saw improving the living standard as a tactic for insuring popular support. They increasingly perceived industrial design to be a visual-arts activity with special promise. Well-designed furniture, textiles, glass, ceramics and other consumer goods could generate state income useful for raising the living standard at home and earning hard currency abroad. The Party needed the designers’ cooperation to achieve efficient, attractive production within the command economy. In the Brussels showcase communist authorities compromised with visual artists helping to insure the latter’s support and success, demonstrating that culture in postwar Czechoslovakia was not merely imposed ‘from above’ by omnipotent authorities but could be the outcome of multidirectional negotiations between various competing interests.
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Gyurkovich, Mateusz, and Jacek Gyurkovich. "New Housing Complexes in Post-Industrial Areas in City Centres in Poland Versus Cultural and Natural Heritage Protection—With a Particular Focus on Cracow." Sustainability 13, no. 1 (January 5, 2021): 418. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13010418.
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The cityscape changes constantly, reflecting the socio-economic conditions of a given urbanised area—both globally and in any given country. Post-industrial buildings and complexes have been its important elements since the nineteenth century. At present, many of them are undergoing adaptive reuse. The oldest, which are parts of post-industrial heritage and define the local identity, are now located in city centres. Some are revitalised and often adapted into multi-family housing. This paper fills a gap in the research on revitalised areas in Polish city centres, especially the ones converted into housing. It notes the links between these projects with elements of urban green-blue infrastructure, as well as the methods of protection of the reused postindustrial heritage. Studies from 2000–2020 on Polish multi-family housing architecture prove that the quality of buildings and semi-public green spaces is becoming increasingly important to developers and buyers. Properly used and exposed post-industrial heritage can contribute to raising the attractiveness of such spaces. In combination with city greenery systems, they can form attractive townscape sequences, as proven by Cracow cases. The paper’s conclusions indicate that the preservation and exposition of post-industrial heritage in newly built housing complexes is affected by numerous factors. The most important of these are legal determinants based on both state-level and local law. Economic factors also play a major role, as they directly affect projects. The skills and talent of designers who can create unique proposals that expose surviving relicts and a given place’s genius loci even in the most restrictive of economic and legal conditions, are also not without significance.
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De Medici, Stefania. "Italian Architectural Heritage and Photovoltaic Systems. Matching Style with Sustainability." Sustainability 13, no. 4 (February 16, 2021): 2108. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13042108.
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Rehabilitation and management of pre-industrial architectural heritage over time has played a central role in the international scientific debate since the 1970s. In light of the experience gained in this field, the challenge of a controlled and consistent integration of Renewable Energy Sources (RES) requires a careful reflection on the compatibility criteria between new technologies and traditional building’s identity. Several of these technologies, such as photovoltaic (PV) systems, need to be placed on the building envelope or in appropriate outdoor areas, altering the architectural image and the landscape. Therefore, the characteristics of each building and its context should lead designers to choose solutions able to balance the need for increased energy production from RES with the need for preserving the identity of architectural heritage and landscape. A preliminary evaluation of rehabilitation projects allows to improve building sustainability and, in the meanwhile, to prevent any irreversible alteration of the cultural heritage. With reference to Italian case studies and guidelines for improving sustainability in energy production, the paper leads to identify evaluation criteria for the introduction of PV systems in pre-industrial buildings. Such criteria, which are based on architectural heritage values, allow for assessing the consistency of the building envelope alteration with conservation issues, in projects involving PV and, generally, solar technologies that need to be integrated with the building envelope.
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Nas, Emine. "The problematic of tradition and future in art and design education." Contemporary Educational Researches Journal 8, no. 3 (August 24, 2018): 96–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.18844/cerj.v8i3.635.
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In recent years, the traditional motifs and conceptual approach to the apparent authenticity of the design quality is observed that used in many areas. In this way, the tradition established in the future synthesis has led to the formation of a free and original design. This synthesis, design resources training in the artistic development of the individual and provide the best research and questioning the reasons that created them.Thus; new ideas to new situations, new problems have emerged in the need to turn to different events and phenomena. This method and the proliferation of studies aimed at the promotion of Turkish cultural heritage is undoubtedly will be at the forefront of higher quality products.The suggestions of ‘interpreting the traditional designs’ and the comprehension of what is ‘traditional’, which are proposed by some academics and designers are evaluated with a critical approach. The subject is examined within the frame of traditionalist suggestions offered from the time of the Ottomans till today, with the conceptions of the Western science, culture, art and design developed through the period of the Industrial Revolution.
Keywords: Design; Education; Tradition; Problem
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Quinones-Gomez, Juan Carlos. "CREATIVITY FORWARD: A FRAMEWORK THAT INTEGRATES DATA ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES TO FOSTER CREATIVITY WITHIN THE CREATIVE PROCESS IN USER EXPERIENCE CONTEXTS." Creativity Studies 14, no. 1 (February 25, 2021): 51–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/cs.2021.12933.
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The latest technological advancements allow users to generate a large volume of data related to their experiences and needs. However, the absence of an advanced methodology that links the big data and the creative process prevents the effective use of the data and extracting all its potential and knowledge in this context, which is crucial in offering user-centred solutions. Incorporating data creatively and critically as design material can help us learn and understand user needs better. Therefore, design can bring deeper meaning to data, just as data can enhance design practice. Accordingly, this work raises a reflection on whether designers could appropriate the workflow of data science in order to integrate it into the research process in the creative process within a framework of user experience analysis. The proposed model: data-driven design model, enhances the exploratory design of problem space and assists in the creation of ideas during the conceptual design phase. In this way, this work offers an integrated vision, enhancing creativity in industrial design as an instrument for the achievement of the proper and necessary balance between intuition and reason, design, and science.
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Nguyen, Trong-Ha, and Duy-Duan Nguyen. "Reliability Assessment of Steel-Concrete Composite Beams considering Metal Corrosion Effects." Advances in Civil Engineering 2020 (December 8, 2020): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8817809.
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Steel-concrete composite (SCC) beams have been widely used in civil engineering and industrial structures. This kind of structure has some advantages such as fast fabrication time and optimized weight. However, designers are often concerned about the initial reliability, while over time the structural reliability will be reduced, especially due to metal corrosion. The objective of the paper is to assess the structural reliability of corroded SCC beams, in which the input parameters are considered as random variables. The SCC beam has been designed according to Eurocode-4 (EC-4), in which input parameters consist of cross-sectional dimensions of the beam, material properties, and applied loads. The effects of the random input variables on the reliability of structures are evaluated by sensitivity analyses, which are calculated by the global sensitivity analysis using Sobol’s method and Monte Carlo simulation. The developed reliability analysis algorithm in this study is verified with previous studies, highlighting the capability of the used method. Four different corrosion levels, which are pristine, 10-year, 20-year, and 50-year, are considered in the sensitivity analyses of the SCC beam. Finally, a series of first-order and total-order Sobol’s indices are obtained for measuring the sensitivity of input parameters with four corrosion levels.
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Beck, John, and Ryan Bishop. "The Return of the Art and Technology Lab." Cultural Politics 14, no. 2 (July 1, 2018): 225–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/17432197-6609102.
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In North America, there are over one hundred programs and labs committed to collaborative experimentation in art and technology. This article examines the current prominence of art and technology labs in the context of the resurgence of collaborative practice in the arts, not only between artists, but also among a wide range of cross-disciplinary groupings of designers, scientists, engineers, scholars, and others. The push for collaboration in the arts is part of a recalibration of the meaning of “research” as it is understood by arts practitioners, and among the legacies of institutional critique has been the expanded engagement of artists in contexts that move beyond galleries and museums and into, among other places, universities, businesses, science and tech labs, and research facilities. At the same time, the massive growth of the tech sector has given rise to a new generation of speculative research enterprise, from Google to SpaceX, which shares, to some degree, the expansive research and development horizons of advanced art. Some of the most prominent current art and tech projects explicitly draw on the legacy of precursor programs from the 1960s to establish a lineage and to confer art historical legitimacy on the new versions. This article examines two art and tech projects, at MIT and the Los Angeles County Museum of Art (LACMA), and their strategic deployment of their 1960s antecedents: György Kepes’s Center for Advanced Visual Studies (CAVS) and Maurice Tuchman’s Art & Technology program (A&T), respectively. This examination argues that the loss of a radical vision that preceded the 1960s labs rendered them untenable and explores how the art and technology labs furthered a larger shift from progressive liberalism to neoliberalism. While these earlier projects were short-lived and the targets of considerable criticism, not least because of their connections with military and corporate clients, in the twenty-first century the legacies of CAVS and A&T have been unproblematically reclaimed. Contemporary art and tech projects, we argue, are in danger of succumbing to the same techno-utopianism as their 1960s iterations, and the same military-industrial allegiances that tainted the earlier projects continue to underpin twenty-first-century collaborations.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Industrial designers – Cross-cultural studies"
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Du, Preez R. Ronel). "Female apparel shopping behaviour within a multi-cultural consumer society : variables, market segments, profiles and implications." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/52271.
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Dissertation (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2001.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Female apparel shopping behaviour in a multi-cultural consumer society is a complex phenomenon. This study set out to identify the variables that influence female apparel shopping behaviour in a multi-cultural consumer society and to determine whether distinct clusters of female apparel shoppers could be identified. Three theoretical models from the two study disciplines, Consumer Behaviour and Clothing and Textiles, were investigated, i.e. the Sproles Model of Fashion Adoption, the Engel-Blackwell-Miniard Model of Consumer Decision-Process Behaviour and De Klerk's Clothing Consumer Decision-making Model. These models were synthesised and developed further into a new conceptual theoretical model of variables influencing female apparel shopping behaviour in a multi-cultural consumer society. The Macro conceptual theoretical model presented the variables under market dominated variables, market and consumer interaction variables and consumer dominated variables. The scope of the study was delimited by the choice of two primary variables under each classification, for further investigation. The variables investigated were: the place of distribution, the apparel product, shopping orientation, patronage behaviour, socio-cultural influences (family, lifestyle and culture) and demographics. An overview of the South African apparel industry was provided and future trends in retailing were highlighted. Literature on shopping orientation as a variable was extensively studied, resulting in a proposed new classification system. Lifestyle and cultural consciousness, i.e. the individualist and collectivist orientation, and the impact thereof on female apparel shopping behaviour were investigated. Data for this exploratory study were generated by means of a store-intercept research method. A questionnaire was developed and trained fieldworkers undertook in-store interviews with approximately eight hundred female apparel shoppers representative of three population groups, African/black, coloured and white. The data analysis yielded acceptable questionnaire reliability and multivariate statistics showed shopping orientation and lifestyle to be multi-dimensional constructs with three components each. The three shopping orientation components were labelled shopping selfconfidence and enjoyment; credit-prone, brand-conscious and fashion innovator and local store patronage. A Yuppie lifestyle, apparel-orientated lifestyle and a traditional lifestyle were the three labels ascribed to the lifestyle components. Three clusters of female apparel shoppers were formed by means of cluster analysis, according to the three components of lifestyle and shopping orientation respectively, the two cultural consciousness scales and eleven patronage behaviour items. A demographic profile of each cluster completed the typology of the three female apparel shopper groups. Group one was the largest (49%) and was labelled Actualisers. Group two (28%) was labelled Strugglers and group three (22%) Aspirationals. The female apparel shopper could therefore be successfully segmented into distinct market segments with statistically significant differences in profiles. The profiles showed similarities to international and South African typology research. The results are presented in a conceptual model. The following main implications for manufacturers, marketers, retailers, researchers, educators and students can be stated: .:. Knowledge regarding consumers will be of paramount importance for survival in the competitive and more globally orientated 21st century . •:. The female apparel market is not homogeneous. Different groups of consumers require different types of products and will evaluate them differently. Modern technology such as CAD, EDI, QR and CIM should be implemented to assist stakeholders in this regard. Fashion changes rapidly and if the window of opportunity is not seized, it is lost . •:. Different advertising and marketing strategies are necessary to reach the various female apparel shopper groups. Special attention should be given to advertising approaches and media vehicles that will gain the attention of the various groups . •:. Electronic retailing and marketing will form a large part of future retailing and marketing activities. Stakeholders should be geared towards seizing these opportunities for growth. .:. Researchers, educators and students will benefit from the application of the Conceptual Theoretical Model - a Macro perspective. It could provide a conceptual framework for curriculum development, be used as an evaluation tool and assist in the understanding of the complexities of variables impacting on female apparel shopping behaviour in a multi-cultural consumer society. Recommendations for future research were made in order to encourage researchers to research the complex nature of female apparel shopping behaviour in a multi-cultural consumer society scientifically.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Vroueklere aankoopgedrag in 'n multi-kulturele verbruikersgemeenskap is 'n komplekse fenomeen. Hierdie studie poog om die veranderlikes wat vroueklere aankoopgedrag in 'n multi-kulturele verbruikersgemeenskap beïnvloed, te identifiseer en om te bepaal of onderskeibare groepe vroulike verbruikers geïdentifiseer kan word. Drie teoretiese modelle vanuit die twee dissiplines, naamlik Verbruikersgedrag en Kleding en Tekstiele, is ondersoek, naamlik: die Sproles Model van Modeaanvaarding (Sproles Model of Fashion Adoption), die Engel-Blackwell-Miniard model van Verbruikersbesluitnemingsproses-gedrag (Engel-Blackwell-Miniard Model of Consumer Decision-Process Behaviour) asook De Klerk se Kledingverbruikerbesluitnemingsmodel. (De Klerk's Clothing Consumer Decision-making Model). Hierdie modelle is gesintetiseer en verder ontwikkel tot 'n nuwe konseptueie teoretiese model van veranderlikes wat vroueklere-aankoopgedrag in 'n multi-kulturele verbruikersgemeenskap beïnvloed. Die Makro konseptueie teoretiese model orden veranderlikes onder mark-gedomineerde veranderlikes, mark- en verbruiker-interaksie-veranderlikes en verbruiker-gedomineerde veranderlikes. Die omvang van die studie is begrens deur die keuse van twee primêre veranderlikes onder elke groepering vir verdere studie. Die bestudeerde veranderlikes sluit die volgende in: plek van distribusie, die klereproduk, aankooporiëntasie, winkelvoorkeurgedrag, sosio-kulturele invloede (familie, lewenstyl en kultuur) asook demografie. 'n Oorsig van die Suid-Afrikaanse kledingindustrie word gegee en toekomstige tendense in die kleinhandel word uitgelig. Literatuur rakende aankooporiëntasie as veranderlike is breedvoerig bestudeer en resulteer in 'n nuwe klassifikasie stelsel. Lewenstyl en kulturele bewustheid, nl. die individualistiese versus kollektivistiese oriëntasie, en die impak daarvan op vroue se klere-aankoopgedrag is ondersoek. Data vir hierdie verkennende navorsing is verkry deur respondente in winkels te nader (store-intercept research method). Vir hierdie eksploratiewe studie is 'n vraelys ontwikkel en opgeleide veldwerkers het onderhoude (binne winkels) met ongeveer aghonderd vroue klereverbruikers, verteenwoordigend van drie populasie groepe, nl. Swart, Kleurling en Blank gevoer. Die data ontleding dui op aanvaarbare vraelys betroubaarheid. Die meervoudige veranderlike statistiek resultate toon aan dat aankooporiëntasie en lewenstyl multi-dimensionele konstrukte is, met onderskeidelik drie komponente elk. Die drie aankooporiëntasie komponente is benoem as aankoop selfvertroue en genot (shopping self-confidence and enjoyment); krediet geneigdheid, handelsmerk bewustheid sowel as mode innoveerder (credit prone, brand conscious and fashion innovator) en plaaslike winkelvoorkeur (local store patronage). Die Yuppie lewenstyl (Yuppie lifestyle); klere georienteerde lewenstyl (apparel orientated lifestyle) en tradisionele lewenstyl (traditional lifestyle) was die drie name wat aan die lewenstyle komponente toegeskryf is. Drie groepe vroulike klere aankopers is gevorm met behulp van trosanalise. Die trosanalise is gedoen op grond van die drie komponente van lewenstyl en aankooporiëntasie onderskeidelik, die twee kulturele bewustheid skale en die elf winkelvoorkeur gedrag items. Die tipering van die drie groepe is aangevul deur 'n demografiese profiel. Groep een was die grootste (49%) en is genoem Aktualiseerders (Actualisers). Groep twee (28%) is genoem Sukkelaars (StruggIers) en groep drie (22%) Aspireerders (Aspirationals). Die vroulike klere aankoper kon derhalwe suksesvol gesegmenteer word in duidelik onderskeibare segmente met statisties beduidende verskille in die profiele. Die profiele toon ooreenkomste met internasionale en Suid-Afrikaanse tipologie navorsing. konseptueie model. Die resultate word aangetoon in 'n Die volgende hoof implikasies vir vervaardigers, bemarkers, kleinhandelaars, navorsers, opvoedkundiges en studente kan gestel word: .:. Kennis rakende verbruikers sal krities wees vir oorlewing in die kompeterende en globaal georiënteerde 21ste eeu. •:. Die vroue klere mark is nie homogeen nie. Verskillende groepe verbruikers vereis verskillende tipes produkte en sal dit derhalwe verskillende evalueer. Moderne tegnologie soos rekenaar gesteunde ontwerp, elektroniese data interaksie, vinnige respons en rekenaar geintegreerde vervaardiging moet geïmplimenteer word ten einde alle belanghebbendes te ondersteun in hierdie verband. Mode verander vinnig en indien geleenthede nie aangegryp word nie, is dit verlore . •:. Verskillende bemarking en reklame strategieë is nodig ten einde die verskillende groepe vroue klere verbruikers te bereik. Spesifieke aandag moet geskenk word aan die advertensie aanslag en media voertuie wat die aandag van die onderskeie groepe sal trek . •:. Elektroniese kleinhandel en bemarking sal 'n groot komponent van die toekomstige kleinhandel en bemarkingsaktiwiteite beslaan. Belanghebbendes moet ingestel wees om hierdie geleenthede vir groei aan te gryp . •:. Navorsers, opvoeders en studente sal voordeel trek uit die toepassing van die Konseptueie Teoretiese Model - 'n Makro Perspektief. Hierdie model kan dien as 'n konseptueie raamwerk waarbinne kurrikulering kan plaasvind, asook aangewend word as evaluasie instrument. Die model kan ook hulp verleen ten einde die komplekse aard van die veranderlikes wat vroue klere aankoopgedrag beïnvloed in 'n multi-kulturele verbruikergemeenskap, te verstaan. Aanbevelings vir verdere navorsing word gemaak ten einde toekomstige navorsers aan te moedig om op 'n wetenskaplik verantwoordbare wyse die komplekse aard van vroueklere-aankoopgedrag binne 'n multi-kulturele verbruikersgemeenskap, na te vors.
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Yuan, Jianwei, and 袁建伟. "Network building, business expansion and cultural innovation-rise of Chinese cross-boundary entrepreneurs during Hong Kong's transition." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2010. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B44890540.
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Tréhondart, Nolwenn. "Le livre numérique enrichi : conception, modélisations de pratiques, réception." Thesis, Paris 8, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA080059.
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Comment les formes et les figures d’un catalogue d’exposition numérique ou d’un récit de fiction enrichi pour tablette, cadrées dans des pages-écrans et ancrées dans un dispositif numérique, modélisent-elles des lecteurs et des pratiques de réception ? Comment les concepteurs imaginent-ils ces modélisations de pratiques et comment celles-ci s’actualisent-elles de diverses manières dans une situation de réception précise en fonction des attentes des lecteurs ? Il n’existe pas encore de travaux sur le livre numérique enrichi confrontant les pratiques réelles ou imaginées de communautés de producteurs et de récepteurs aux pratiques modélisées par l’artefact, ses formes graphiques, ses signes alphabétiques et ses relations rhétoriques entre pages-écrans. Cette thèse retrace la genèse d’une méthodologie d’analyse socio-sémiotique, alliant en profondeur l’étude empirique des contextes de production et de réception du livre numérique enrichi avec l’analyse des stratégies sémiotiques et rhétoriques de ses interfaces. Souhaitant favoriser l’émergence d’une culture critique du design numérique, la méthodologie propose d’identifier les rapports de pouvoir qui traversent les pratiques en conception pour se loger dans la matérialité des artefacts. À travers un croisement expérimental d’approches sémiotique, sociologique et économique, nous faisons émerger un vocabulaire original des « figures de la lecture » du livre numérique enrichi. Indexé sur les pratiques des concepteurs, celui-ci met en avant le rôle des représentations, habitudes et normes sociales dans la sémiose. Il est enrichi par une étude en réception sur l’un des artefacts du corpusHow will an exhibition catalog or a fictional story, enhanced for digital tablets, translate the visitor’s reading habits and expectations into pages-screens? How do the e-books’ designers understand and conceive these reading practices? How will concrete readers’ expectations meet the implicit reader of the text? This thesis is based on a social semiotic methodology, deeply intertwining the empirical study of the current e-books creative and consumption practices with a methodical analysis of the semiotic and rhetorical strategies of their editorial interfaces. Empirically merging semiotic, sociological and economical research, we bring to light a new original vocabulary of “reading features” of enhanced e-books. Combining it with the designers’ practices, this vocabulary exhibits the role played by usages and social standards in semiosis. It is also enriched with a reception study on a specific artifact
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Se, Chao Catherine. "Implementing BPR projects in the US vs. in France." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2000. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1703.
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Murry, Adam T. "Attitudes toward Science (ATS): An Examination of Scientists' and Native Americans' Cultural Values and ATS and their Effect on Action Priorities." PDXScholar, 2013. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/674.
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Science has been identified as a crucial element in the competitiveness and sustainability of America in the global economy. American citizens, especially minority populations, however, are not pursuing science education or careers. Past research has implicated `attitudes toward science' as an important factor in the public's participation in science. I applied Ajzen's (1991) Theory of Planned Behavior to attitudes toward science to predict science-related sustainability-action intentions and evaluated whether scientists and Native Americans differed in their general attitudes toward science, cultural values, and specific beliefs about science. Analyses revealed that positive attitude toward science and the cultural value of individualism predicted intentions to engage with science-related sustainability actions. Unexpectedly, scientists and Native Americans did not differ in their cultural values or positive attitude toward science. However, Natives Americans held significantly more negative attitude toward science than scientists. Implications for science education and attitudes towards science theory and application are discussed.
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Burlacu, Gabriela. "Supervisor-Subordinate Directional Age Differences and Employee Reactions to Formal Performance Feedback: Examining Mediating and Moderating Mechanisms in a Chinese Sample." PDXScholar, 2013. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/662.
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As a result of changing demographic trends in today's workforce, employees of all ages can now be found in all career stages. Consequently, the pairing of a younger supervisor with a relatively older employee is becoming increasingly more common. Research in the United States has shown that such demographically "non-normative" pairings have negative implications for employee attitudes and behaviors, and thus for employee performance management. However, little is known about the effects of such pairings in other nations and cultures, despite the fact that these demographic shifts are occurring on a global level. As such, this study examined the effects of these pairings on employee reactions to formal performance feedback episodes in a large organization in China, due to the nation's similarly shifting demographic trends and its economic power in today's global economy. A series of path analyses showed that being paired with a relatively younger supervisor did predict reduced employee feedback satisfaction and perceptions of feedback utility; but, contrary to the proposed model, these effects did not occur because of reduced interactional justice perceptions or reduced perceptions of leader-member exchange (LMX). Further, LMX did not moderate the study outcomes, demonstrating that having a better relationship with one's supervisor did not alleviate the effects of supervisor relative age on employee feedback reactions. The conceptual and practical implications of these results are discussed in light of a rapidly changing workforce, and of cultural differences, in China.
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Razzaghi, Mohammad Built Environment Faculty of Built Environment UNSW. "The influence of designers' cultural preferences on product concepts." 2007. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/40690.
Full textAbstract:
Products are designed to satisfy user needs. Thus, industrial designers are expected to have a thorough understanding of user needs and to incorporate those understandings into the design of products; however, it is not a straightforward task for designers to translate their conditional understanding into a product. The gap between product and user can be even wider when latent user needs, such as cultural ones, are calculated into the problem. Therefore the meanings and functions imbued in products by the designer may not be recognized and acknowledged by users, due to the differences in cultural preferences of designers and users from separate cultures. In spite of the fact that user satisfaction has been extensively supported in the design literature, it seems that such an approach allows only a passive role for designers, who actually act as cultural intermediaries; that is, the designers' role is merely presumed to catalyze the process and match user requirements to the end product. Thus, the impact of designers' cultural preferences is considered as incidental, or at least overlooked. A content analysis method was triangulated to collect and analyze diverse visual and textual data relating to the concept generation stage of the product development process. To collect data, professional industrial designers in the two culturally diverse countries of Australia and Iran were recruited to participate in half-hour design exercise sessions to sketch to a design brief, followed by responding to an interview questionnaire. The analysis of data revealed that: (1) designers' cultural preferences do influence their approaches toward tackling the design problem; (2) there are nexuses between the design aspects of the concepts generated and the cultural dimensions of the values of the societies in which the designers were born and has lived, and; (3)potential users can unconsciously comprehend the meaning invested in the product by the designer. This thesis breaks new ground for further advancing the study of the Designer-Precedent Approach (DPA) in other cultural and social contexts, while it challenges the conventional approaches of user-centered design (UCD) broadlyperceived as the ultimate method of incorporating users' wants into products.
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Mekratri, Yaowarej. "East meets east : cross-cultural communication between Japanese managers and Thai subordinates." Thesis, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/31566.
Full textAbstract:
This research mainly examines the superior-subordinate relationship between
Japanese managers and Thai subordinates working in joint ventures in Thailand,
especially the management style of the Japanese and the reactions of the Thais,
Cultural adaptation of Japanese expatriates and Thai subordinates is also explored.
Through this study, we gain better understanding of the Japanese-Thai interpersonal
relationships, communication patterns, work ethics, and other cultural values with
particular emphasis on recurring themes such as concepts about work, vertical
relationship, authority and supervision style, and gender issues. The in-depth
interviews were conducted with ten Japanese managers, six Thai managers, and 12
Thai subordinates in Thailand in 2001.
Findings show that although there are some similarities in Japanese and Thai
cultural values at work, conflicts, frictions, and misunderstandings still exist between
Japanese superiors and Thai subordinates because of their cultural differences. Both
parties also have some stereotypes and negative myths of the other party.
Concerning concepts about work, Japanese superiors prefer immediate
actions from their Thai subordinates when problems arise whereas when the Thais
encounter some difficulties in solving problems, they hesitate to inform their
superiors. Since there is no clear job description in Japan, the Thais often feel
uncomfortable when their job responsibilities overlap with their colleagues.
Moreover, unlike Japanese people, Thai employees do not have a strong commitment
to the company.
Vertical relationship explores how the Japanese and the Thais build and
maintain their relationships at work and after work hours. The Japanese believe that
relationships should follow job accomplishment while the Thais think that good
relationships should be established before working. After-hour activities are
suggested as means to strengthen relationships between superiors and subordinates.
Furthermore, Japanese superiors tend to use different strategies to supervise
their Thai subordinates; those strategies include scolding, expecting expression of
opinions, information sharing, and delegation of authority in decision making
processes. However, the strategies seem not to work properly in Japanese-Thai joint
ventures due to cultural differences at work.
Although gender can be a barrier in career advancement in Japan, Japanese
expatriates do not see this as the case in Thailand. However, most of the Thai female
subordinates complained that women were less likely to get promotions while Thai
male subordinates thought that career advancement was blocked because managerial
positions were occupied by and reserved for Japanese expatriates.
At the end, three cases are presented to illustrate how Japanese superiors and
Thai subordinates adjust in intercultural work settings. Each case consists of two
individuals' work experience and adaptability. We can see the importance of
individual differences as some Japanese superiors and Thai subordinates realize
cultural differences and try to adjust to the intercultural work settings while others
hold back and, finally, resign from the company.
To avoid conflicts and misunderstandings, and to work together effectively,
Japanese managers and Thai subordinates should realize their cultural differences and
learn the other's culture. If problems arise, they should be open-minded and willing to
help each other solve the problems.Graduation date: 2004
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Doerr, Joan C. "Dealing with cross-cultural conflict in a multicultural organisation: an education management perspective." Diss., 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/1000.
Full textAbstract:
This study investigated the effect of cross-cultural differences on conflict episodes in a multicultural organisation in South Africa. The sample consisted of seven people, who represented six cultures. The phenomenological method of inquiry was used.
Following the data collection process, the researcher identified the sources of conflict, then determined the qualities of leadership which aid in minimizing conflict. The five conflict management strategies were discussed, with further exploration into the use of confrontation and mediation. The researcher believes that the framework for describing conflict management strategies may need to be expanded as cross-cultural interaction is better understood. Finally, the study explored the positive and negative outcomes of conflict. Although many conflicts are costly to an organisation, some conflicts may assist people in cross-cultural understanding.
Because diversity is becoming a more pressing issue in the 21st century, most people and organisations are facing the need to effectively communicate cross-culturally. The researcher recommends a three stage diversity training programme, which begins with new employees, then includes all employees and, finally, becomes an ongoing learning process in the organisation.Education management
M.Ed.(Management)
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Jogessar, Yashmee Bhana. "Cultural factors in the development of international projects: a case study of South Africa and Germany in the engineering/construction industry." Thesis, 2018. https://hdl.handle.net/10539/25504.
Full textAbstract:
A research report submitted to the Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Engineering (Mechanical, Industrial, and Aeronautical Engineering), October 2017The research was conducted to investigate the existing cultural factors that influence international projects and whether project teams are aware of these dynamics. The research specifically focused on South African and German project teams. One company from each country was chosen for the investigation; namely Company SA (from South Africa) and Company GER (from Germany); Company SA is Company GER’s subsidiary company. The project teams that were included for data collection were working on the Medupi/Kusile coal-fired, new-build power stations. The commissioning of these power stations is severely delayed. A case study approach was utilised to collect data; and qualitative methods were incorporated. This entailed conducting semi-structured interviews with six managers; two of which were based at Company SA and four at Company GER, respectively; and participant observations at Company SA’s and Company GER’s prefabrication workshops. Cultural factors do exist in international projects and the project-specific ones were summarised for the project relationship between the South Africans and Germans. Furthermore, the management level is mindful of cultural factors; however, their employees are not consciously aware that the reasons for their differences stem from cultural diversities. All managers also were of the opinion that management of cultural factors do affect the successful outcome of projects. Both companies have not provided their employees with a fixed technique or process on how to manage and adapt in projects with variable cultures. Some recommendations were included regarding methods to increase knowledge and manage an international project where there is cultural diversity; including specifics to manage a South African and German project.
CK2018
Books on the topic "Industrial designers – Cross-cultural studies"
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Organizational psychology in cross-cultural perspective. New York, N.Y: New York University Press, 2005.
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Kuada, John E. Managerial behaviour in Ghana and Kenya: A cultural perspective. Aalborg Ö, Denmark: Aalborg University Press, 1994.
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Schmorrow, Dylan D., and Denise Nicholson. Advances in design for cross-cultural activities. Boca Raton, FL: Taylor & Francis, 2012.
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ʻAmō̜nchīwin, Bančhong. Konlayut kānčhēračhā tō̜rō̜ng khām chāt: Cross-cultural negotiation strategy. Krung Thēp: Čhatphim dōi Bančhong ʻAmō̜nchīwin, 2010.
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Bean, R. Comparative industrial relations: An introduction to cross-national perspectives. London: Routledge, 1989.
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Comparative industrial relations: An introduction to cross-national perspectives. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1985.
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Comparative industrial relations: An introduction to cross-national perspectives. 2nd ed. London: Routledge, 1994.
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Comparative industrial relations: An introduction to cross-national perspectives. London: Routledge, 1992.
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Comparative industrial relations: An introduction to cross-national perspectives. London: Croom Helm, 1985.
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Kriegskunst im Business: Transkulturelle Resonanzen am Beispiel chinesischer und westlicher Managementliteratur zu Sunzi bingfa. Baden-Baden: Nomos, 2010.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Industrial designers – Cross-cultural studies"
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Gray, Colin M., and Elizabeth Boling. "Designers’ Articulation and Activation of Instrumental Design Judgements in Cross-Cultural User Research." In Analysing Design Thinking: Studies of Cross-Cultural Co-Creation, 191–212. Leiden,The Netherlands : CRC Press/Balkema, [2017]: CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315208169-11.
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Hess, Justin L., and Nicholas D. Fila. "Empathy in Design: A Discourse Analysis of Industrial Co-Creation Practices." In Analysing Design Thinking: Studies of Cross-Cultural Co-Creation, 483–98. Leiden,The Netherlands : CRC Press/Balkema, [2017]: CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315208169-26.
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Glazer, Sharon. "Past, Present and Future of Cross-Cultural Studies in Industrial and Organizational Psychology." In International Review of Industrial and Organizational Psychology 2002, 145–85. West Sussex, England: John Wiley & Sons Ltd, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470696392.ch5.
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Liu, Zheng, and Lei Ma. "Building Trust Relationship in Cross-Cultural Collaboration." In Transcontinental Strategies for Industrial Development and Economic Growth, 161–83. IGI Global, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-2160-0.ch010.
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Internationalization and inter-firm collaboration is a business trend today. Meanwhile, cultural values and managerial practices vary from country to country which makes cross-border management more challenging than the traditional in-house business model. A trusting relationship is essential to business success, yet details of how to build-up and maintain trust are unclear. This paper investigates trust development in cross-border collaboration. The literature review has covered key trust theories and its linkage with culture. To further understand the critical issues in of trust, two in-depth case studies are conducted from the Chinese animation game industry. It is found that in order to achieve long-term business collaboration, companies need to be continuously responsive and adapt their trust models. Based on the case analysis, a general model and a practical model are developed for further testing. Other research topics to further link trust with sustainability are also proposed at the end of the chapter.
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"Chapter 26: Empathy in Design: A Discourse Analysis of Industrial Co‒Creation Practices." In Analysing Design Thinking: Studies of Cross‒Cultural Co‒Creation, edited by Justin L. Hess and Nicholas D. Fila, 483–98. 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300 Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742: CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315208169-33.
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Paul, Christ P., Arackal N. Jinoop, Saurav K. Nayak, and Alini C. Paul. "Laser Additive Manufacturing in Industry 4.0." In Research Anthology on Cross-Industry Challenges of Industry 4.0, 729–54. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-8548-1.ch037.
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Additive manufacturing is one of the nine technologies fuelling the fourth industrial revolution (Industry 4.0). High power lasers augmented with allied digital technologies is changing the entire manufacturing scenario through metal additive manufacturing by providing feature-based design and manufacturing with the technology called laser additive manufacturing (LAM). It enables the fabrication of customized components having complex and lightweight designs with high performance in a short period. The chapter compiles the evolution and global status of LAM technology highlighting its advantages and freedoms for various industrial applications. It discusses how LAM is contributing to Industry 4.0 for the fabrication of customized engineering and prosthetic components through case studies. It compiles research, development, and deployment scenarios of this new technology in developing economies along with the future scope of the technology.
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Yu, Chien, Kun Huang, and Gabe Posadas. "Pedagogical Issues and Challenges for Cross-Cultural Online Instruction." In Handbook of Research on Cross-Cultural Online Learning in Higher Education, 384–406. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-8286-1.ch019.
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Due to the increasingly multicultural nature of online learning environments, it is crucial that instructors and instructional designers be aware of the importance of cultural factors in online teaching and learning. This chapter examines current educational and strategic studies of cross-cultural distance learning based on a review of scholarly publications, and helps readers develop an up-to-date understanding of the issues as well as challenges pertinent to cross-cultural online teaching and learning. In addition to reviewing the notion of cultural differences, the chapter seeks to provide instructional strategies that incorporate multicultural experience in designing online teaching or training. The chapter can help extend readers' knowledge and understanding of cross-cultural perspectives, influence of cultural differences on learning, and implications for designing cross-cultural distance learning.
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Faiola, Anthony, and Sorin Adam Matei. "Cultural Cognitive Style and the Web." In End-User Computing, 1717–33. IGI Global, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59904-945-8.ch117.
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Several technological developments have altered our world in the last half-century. Among these were the new information processing and distribution platforms supported by computer-mediated communication (CMC). In 2005, Forrester Research found that 50% of Internet users were non-English speakers, and this number would increase to 66% by 2006. For many designers and Web usability researchers, addressing this situation seem limited to translating Web interfaces or content. Although early studies in usability testing have identified considerable cultural differences among users (D’Andrade, 1984; Evers & Day, 1997), a need exists for a more rigorous investigation from a cross-cultural perspective into how Web sites are designed. The authors hold that the cultural cognitive styles of Web designers ultimately affect the performance and preferences of online users. As a result, specific attention should be paid to the impact of the Web designers’ culturally shaped cognitive style on the design and development of online information.
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Yama, Hiroshi. "A Perspective of Cross-Cultural Psychological Studies for Global Business." In Handbook of Research on Impacts of International Business and Political Affairs on the Global Economy, 185–206. IGI Global, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-9806-2.ch010.
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Some may still have a stereotypical image that Japanese employees work like a robot, and achieved the industrial development even though they are not logical thinkers. This chapter is against this based on the latest cross-cultural studies. The conclusions are as follows. (1) Even if Japanese appears to be illogical in the sense that they are less likely to do rule-based thinking, this does not means that they are less intelligent. (2) Easterners are more likely to do dialectical thinking. (3) Easterners' naïve dialecticism is strongly associated with cultural tradition, and it is plausible that it has been developed in a high-context culture. (4) Japanese people may have a collectivist culture, and it is not an undeveloped culture comparing with an individualist culture as shown in the case of ‘nemawashi'. Finally, it is proposed that the distinction between Westerners' low-context culture and Easterners' high-context culture provide important implications for globalizing business and that the notions of global mindset and ‘glocal' are important for international business.
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Yama, Hiroshi. "A Perspective of Cross-Cultural Psychological Studies for Global Business." In International Business, 1734–55. IGI Global, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-9814-7.ch080.
Full textAbstract:
Some may still have a stereotypical image that Japanese employees work like a robot, and achieved the industrial development even though they are not logical thinkers. This chapter is against this based on the latest cross-cultural studies. The conclusions are as follows. (1) Even if Japanese appears to be illogical in the sense that they are less likely to do rule-based thinking, this does not means that they are less intelligent. (2) Easterners are more likely to do dialectical thinking. (3) Easterners' naïve dialecticism is strongly associated with cultural tradition, and it is plausible that it has been developed in a high-context culture. (4) Japanese people may have a collectivist culture, and it is not an undeveloped culture comparing with an individualist culture as shown in the case of ‘nemawashi'. Finally, it is proposed that the distinction between Westerners' low-context culture and Easterners' high-context culture provide important implications for globalizing business and that the notions of global mindset and ‘glocal' are important for international business.
Conference papers on the topic "Industrial designers – Cross-cultural studies"
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Buono, Mario, Sonia Capece, and Francesca Cascone. "Industrial design for aircraft: models and usability for comfort in the cabin." In Systems & Design: Beyond Processes and Thinking. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/ifdp.2016.3296.
Full textAbstract:
This contribution introduces an innovative model of assessment and validity of the formal-dimensional-functional structure for passenger seats in economy class in the Aerospace industry. In fact in this field, the design, ergonomics and engineering determine unpublished cooperation scenarios where roles are inverted, merge and recur repeatedly, in order to establish progress in the different planning and subject areas, having a synergistic and proactive perspective. The research activities have been developed within the framework of there search project “IMM_Interiors with Multifunctional Materials_DAC_Distretto Aerospaziale Campania” (Campania Aerospace District), in which experts from different branches of knowledge such as designers, innovative materials engineers, mechanical engineers, biologists and technical physicists from the Second University of Naples were involved. The use of new methodological dimensions resulted in the identification of common activity protocols, which were used as foundations in the planning stage, interdisciplinary and shared. The aim was to obtain a passenger seat configuration suitable to meet the demands and needs of the greatest number of individuals, according to their specifications and through the integration of innovative technologies and materials. The impact of different cultural factors, the mixture of roles and subjects, the layering of competences and heterogeneous and contradictory operational references have contributed towards a shared narrative where knowledge and experience have established the key principles in the course of evaluation and validity (methodological-designing inclusive). This route has allowed the acquisition of interdisciplinary skills and expertise qualified to obtain tangible results from the identification of methodological and design issues useful to optimize, innovate and streng then the design process. The goal was to make the acquisition of user needs systematic, through investigation and evaluation methods aimed at translating them into a structured format noted on the design process according to the principles of good design. In particular studies and research of prior art patents and thorough investigation literature regarding the state of the art of existing seat configurations and structures were carried out. Feasibility, comfort and reliability of the existing solutions in order to analyse and evaluate each component of ergonomics, human factors (physical ergonomics), user centred design and new human factors (pleasantness of use), where characteristics and specific meanings of quality, understood as a user-seat interaction quality are preferred.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/IFDP.2016.3296
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Kennedy-Karpat, Colleen. "Adaptation studies in Europe." In 6th International e-Conference on Studies in Humanities and Social Sciences. Center for Open Access in Science, Belgrade, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.32591/coas.e-conf.06.02015k.
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Adaptation is a creative process that crosses and blurs boundaries: from page to stage, from small screen to big screen – and then, sometimes, back again. Beyond questions of form and medium, many adaptations also cross national borders and language barriers, making them important tools for intercultural communication and identity formation. This paper calls for a more intensive, transnational study of adaptation across print, stage, and screens in EU member and affiliate countries. For the highest possible effectiveness, interdisciplinarity is key; as a cultural phenomenon, adaptation benefits from perspectives rooted in a variety of fields and research methods. Its influence over transnational media flows, with patterns in production and reception across European culture industries, offers scholars a better understanding of how narratives are transformed into cultural exports and how these exchanges affect transnational relationships. The following questions are proposed to shape this avenue for research: (1) How do adaptations track narrative and media flows within and across national, linguistic, and regional boundaries? (2) To what extent do adapted narratives reflect transnational relationships, and how might they help construct Europeanness? (3) How do audiences in the EU respond to transnational adaptation, and how are European adaptations circulated and received outside Europe? (4) What impact does adaptation have in the culture industries, and what industrial practices might facilitate adaptation across media platforms and/or national boundaries? The future of adaptation studies and of adaptation as a cultural practice in Europe depends on the development of innovative, comparative, and interdisciplinary approaches to adaptation. The outcomes of future research can hold significant value for European media industries seeking to expand their market reach, as well as for scholars of adaptation, theater, literature, translation, and screen media.
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Kennedy-Karpat, Colleen. "Adaptation studies in Europe." In 6th International e-Conference on Studies in Humanities and Social Sciences. Center for Open Access in Science, Belgrade, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.32591/coas.e-conf.06.02015k.
Full textAbstract:
Adaptation is a creative process that crosses and blurs boundaries: from page to stage, from small screen to big screen – and then, sometimes, back again. Beyond questions of form and medium, many adaptations also cross national borders and language barriers, making them important tools for intercultural communication and identity formation. This paper calls for a more intensive, transnational study of adaptation across print, stage, and screens in EU member and affiliate countries. For the highest possible effectiveness, interdisciplinarity is key; as a cultural phenomenon, adaptation benefits from perspectives rooted in a variety of fields and research methods. Its influence over transnational media flows, with patterns in production and reception across European culture industries, offers scholars a better understanding of how narratives are transformed into cultural exports and how these exchanges affect transnational relationships. The following questions are proposed to shape this avenue for research: (1) How do adaptations track narrative and media flows within and across national, linguistic, and regional boundaries? (2) To what extent do adapted narratives reflect transnational relationships, and how might they help construct Europeanness? (3) How do audiences in the EU respond to transnational adaptation, and how are European adaptations circulated and received outside Europe? (4) What impact does adaptation have in the culture industries, and what industrial practices might facilitate adaptation across media platforms and/or national boundaries? The future of adaptation studies and of adaptation as a cultural practice in Europe depends on the development of innovative, comparative, and interdisciplinary approaches to adaptation. The outcomes of future research can hold significant value for European media industries seeking to expand their market reach, as well as for scholars of adaptation, theater, literature, translation, and screen media.
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Medeiros, Albertina Pereira, Silene Seibel, Renato Natal Jorge, and Anto´nio Augusto Fernandes. "Lean Thinking and Product Innovation in the Furniture Industry." In ASME 2009 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2009-86630.
Full textAbstract:
The pressure to innovate has been particularly strong in industry traditional sectors if they are to survive to competitors with lower labour costs. Furniture has become a commodity product in some international markets. In most countries the furniture industry is highly fragmented and family owned. In this context the decision to introduce and launch new products rests solely on the owner, without considering the costumer needs. At the same time, the companies do not have an organizational structure and a formal process for managing new product development (NPD). In recent years “lean thinking” has gained increased popularity as a new paradigm of product design and manufacturing. This is due to the success which Toyota attained worldwide. The present research, still in progress, aims to answer the following research question: “Can lean thinking principles, methods and tools be applied in product development in a traditional sector such as the furniture industry?” To answer this question a research programme has been designed based on a cross-case analysis in two distinct cultural settings: the Portuguese and Brazilian furniture industries. Two in-depth case studies are in progress in two firms (one in Portugal and another in Brazil). The research programme is focused on the following principles: organize to balance functional expertise, to establish customer defined value, front load the product development process and to use tools for standardisation. The application of these principles has as its main goal to eliminate waste during the process chain and attain excellence. The first phase of the work looked into the subsystem People, with particular emphasis on the organizational structure. The preliminary results, obtained up to now, show that there is no formal product development system currently in place in the studied companies. This results in an inefficient flow of information in all phases of the product development, leading to numerous sources of waste.
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Lumsden, Robert H., and David S. Weaver. "The Effect of Fins on Fluidelastic Instability in In-Line and Rotated Square Arrays." In ASME 2007 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2007-26597.
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The study of fluidelastic instability in tube arrays has been ongoing for four decades. Although much research has been conducted, a full understanding of the mechanisms involved is still not available. Designers of cross-flow heat exchangers must depend on experience and empirical data from laboratory studies. As new designs are developed, which differ from these experimental facilities, there is an increased risk of failure due to fluidelastic instability. An experimental program was conducted to examine fluidelastic instability in in-line and rotated square finned tube arrays. Three arrays of each geometry type were studied; two with serrated, helically wound finned tubes of different fin densities, and the third, a bare tube which had the same base diameter as the finned tubes. The finned tubes under consideration were commercial finned tubes of a type typically used in the fossil and process industries. The addition of fins to tubes in heat exchangers enhances heat transfer due to the increased surface area and the turbulence produced by the flow moving over the fins. The resulting flow pattern/distribution due to the fins is therefore much more complicated than in bare tube arrays. Previous research has shown that an effective diameter of a finned tube is useful in the prediction of vortex shedding. This concept is used to compare the finned tube results with the existing bare tube array guidelines for fluidelastic instability. All of the tube arrays in the present study have the same tube pitch, and have been scaled to have the same mass ratio. Results for the rotated square arrays show that the use of an effective diameter is beneficial in the scaling of fluidelastic instability and the finned tube results are found to fit within the scatter of the existing data for fluidelastic instability. For in-line square arrays, the results indicate that fins significantly increase the stability threshold.
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Chin, Ju Shan, and Li Xing Wang. "Experimental Study on Internal Mixing Sonic Flow Air Assist Atomizer for Heavy Oils." In ASME 1990 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/90-gt-006.
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Based on the experiences previously obtained from the experimental study of plain jet atomization under cross flowing air stream and under supersonic air flow, the authors designed and studied a serious of internal mixing sonic flow air assist atomizers for heavy oil application. The contradiction between the requirements for fine spray (for high combustion completeness) and for long flame (for flame rigidity) often existing in industrial furnace has been solved. Good data were obtained which can be used for the design of such kind atomizers. By properly choosing the configuration and geometrical dimensions of the atomizer, also by choosing suitable values for mixing chamber pressure, air–liquid ratio, it is possible to have very fine spray and desirable flame length. The results showed that the ratio of mixing chamber pressure to air supply pressure should be in the range of 0.6 to 0.7. For atmospheric pressure combustion furnace, such air assist atomizer needs 0.4 MPa compressed air to have sonic flow at nozzle exit. This type of air assist atomizer has already been put into industrial operation.
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Wattie, J. "Reducing Latent Failure and Securing Productivity in High Risk Systems Using High Reliability Theory." In SPE Energy Resources Conference. SPE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/spe-169932-ms.
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Abstract This is a study that represents ongoing academic research into the folds of perception, organizational culture and high reliability. In the shadow of persistent industrial failures it is probable that problems with operational safety reside in abnormalities of culture. Such cultural apparitions regularly fuel failure in high risk technologies making innovation rather unreliable. As innovation grows it is worth the effort to investigate further how resilience in the face of eternal socio-technical biases can be improved. Problem solving approaches offer regressive ideas that increase the chances of deviation and the appearace of disasters. The assumption is that resilience can be improved in critical operations using High Reliability Theory (HRT). Moreover HRT is more robust when the new constructive method of Appreciative Inquiry (AI) is applied. This early study shows that existing safety culture in a highly reliable group is positively transformed by AI and makes a more productive organization feasible. Research was conducted from the characteristic insider perspective. A small section of a highly reliable organization was sampled. Using ethnographic methodology feedback from electronic surveying collected personal responses for discussion. While individual interviews proved difficult and the sample group was small there was enough evidence to acknowledge the influence of positive revolution. This study had two major findings a) Using AI methodology stimulates positive, resilient feelings in members and b) members readily used these positive experience to envision a more productive organization. This study can potentially reduce over emphasis on problem solving methods to explain and change the human factors associated with failure. Cultural factors are better studied and modified by positive influence. The study here makes way for more persuasive academic discussion on resilience by constructivist perspectives. High reliability organizations are more sustainably designed on positive principles.
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Hanafizadeh, Pedram, S. Alireza Hojati, Hamid Eslami, and Navid Latifian. "High Reynolds Gas-Liquid Two Phase Flow Around a Triangular Body." In ASME 2014 12th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2014-20061.
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In many industrial applications, some measurement instruments must be placed in a pipe in which fluid flows. Two phase cross flows around a body have seldom been studied until now and considering these flows can play a significant role in long-term reliability and safety of industrial systems. In this paper drag coefficient, pressure coefficient and void fraction around triangular bodies with different leading edge angles were considered. Also effect of Reynolds number and inlet void fraction on drag coefficient and pressure coefficient has been investigated and flow treatment behind the triangular obstacle has been examined. To achieve this aim, main equations of flow have been developed for investigation of drag coefficient in air-water two phase. Our numerical analyses were performed by a designed and written CFD package which is based on Eulerian-Eulerian approach. Geometries, which have been studied in this article, are triangle, with different leading edge angle. Other parameters such as two phase Reynolds number, free stream void fraction and bubble size were considered, too. Drag coefficient is closely relates to the turbulence and the bubble motion. Since these mechanisms vary over time, we used final value of drag coefficient after convergence. The results showed that drag coefficient is strongly depended of Reynolds number. In this simulation it can be seen that both the drag coefficient and pressure drag coefficient decrease whit increase in two phase Reynolds number and increase with decrease in inlet void fraction.
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Saito, Kazuya, Akinobu Fujimoto, and Yoji Okabe. "Design of a 3D Wing Honeycomb Core Based on Origami Techniques." In ASME 2016 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2016-60419.
Full textAbstract:
Honeycomb cores, which offer substantial weight reductions in design, are used in various engineering fields. For antenna reflector and rotor blade designs, Three-dimensional (3D) honeycomb cores are in considerable demand. 3D honeycombs are typically manufactured by curving or carving flat honeycombs. High associated manufacturing costs have limited their application. The authors of this paper investigated a new honeycomb design and manufacturing method called “kirigami honeycomb.” Resembling origami, kirigami honeycomb allows a single flat sheet of material with periodic slits to be folded into a honeycomb shape. Previous studies have reported successful use of this method to create various honeycomb shapes, changing only the folding line diagrams (FLDs). These previous studies have, however, considered only one-directional cross-section modifications; the core thickness and curvature changed in only the W-direction. This study proposes a new method that will support complex 3D double-curved honeycomb designs made from single flat sheets. A newly defined crease pattern conversion method provides arbitrary scaling of the honeycomb shape in the L-direction. The combined FLD and pattern conversion design methods encourage the cost-effective manufacture of 3D wing shaped honeycombs from single flat paper sheets. Wind or tidal power generation industries that use rotor blades could benefit from this design.
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Ghanbarzadeh, S., P. Hanafizadeh, and M. H. Saidi. "Time-Average Drag Coefficient and Void Fraction in Gas-Liquid Two Phase Flow." In ASME 2009 Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2009-78220.
Full textAbstract:
Two-phase flow simulations around a body were not studied before and considering these flows can play a significant role in long-term reliability and safety of industrial systems. In this paper, flow regimes, drag coefficient and void fraction around different cross-section prisms were considered. To achieve this aim, main equations of flow have been developed for investigation of drag coefficient in air-water two phase. Our numerical analyses were performed by a designed and written CFD package which is based on Eulerian-Eulerian approach. Geometries, which have been studied in this article, are: circle, rectangle and triangle, for different aspect ratio (length over width) and leading edge angle, respectively. Other parameters such as two phase Reynolds number, free stream void fraction and bubble size were considered, too. Drag coefficient is closely related to the turbulence and the bubble motion. Since these mechanisms vary over time, we used the time-average value of drag coefficient. Furthermore, some attempts were done to investigate flow field, void fraction distribution and especially wake region around the cylinders by an image processing scheme in an upward air-water bubbly flow. The results showed that drag coefficient strongly dependent upon Reynolds number. Numerical results were compared with available empirical correlations and experimental works of Yokosawa et al [1].
Reports on the topic "Industrial designers – Cross-cultural studies"
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Atkinson, Dan, and Alex Hale, eds. From Source to Sea: ScARF Marine and Maritime Panel Report. Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, September 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.9750/scarf.09.2012.126.
Full textAbstract:
The main recommendations of the panel report can be summarised under four headings: 1. From Source to Sea: River systems, from their source to the sea and beyond, should form the focus for research projects, allowing the integration of all archaeological work carried out along their course. Future research should take a holistic view of the marine and maritime historic environment, from inland lakes that feed freshwater river routes, to tidal estuaries and out to the open sea. This view of the landscape/seascape encompasses a very broad range of archaeology and enables connections to be made without the restrictions of geographical or political boundaries. Research strategies, programmes From Source to Sea: ScARF Marine and Maritime Panel Report iii and projects can adopt this approach at multiple levels; from national to site-specific, with the aim of remaining holistic and cross-cutting. 2. Submerged Landscapes: The rising research profile of submerged landscapes has recently been embodied into a European Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST) Action; Submerged Prehistoric Archaeology and Landscapes of the Continental Shelf (SPLASHCOS), with exciting proposals for future research. Future work needs to be integrated with wider initiatives such as this on an international scale. Recent projects have begun to demonstrate the research potential for submerged landscapes in and beyond Scotland, as well as the need to collaborate with industrial partners, in order that commercially-created datasets can be accessed and used. More data is required in order to fully model the changing coastline around Scotland and develop predictive models of site survival. Such work is crucial to understanding life in early prehistoric Scotland, and how the earliest communities responded to a changing environment. 3. Marine & Maritime Historic Landscapes: Scotland’s coastal and intertidal zones and maritime hinterland encompass in-shore islands, trans-continental shipping lanes, ports and harbours, and transport infrastructure to intertidal fish-traps, and define understanding and conceptualisation of the liminal zone between the land and the sea. Due to the pervasive nature of the Marine and Maritime historic landscape, a holistic approach should be taken that incorporates evidence from a variety of sources including commercial and research archaeology, local and national societies, off-shore and onshore commercial development; and including studies derived from, but not limited to history, ethnology, cultural studies, folklore and architecture and involving a wide range of recording techniques ranging from photography, laser imaging, and sonar survey through to more orthodox drawn survey and excavation. 4. Collaboration: As is implicit in all the above, multi-disciplinary, collaborative, and cross-sector approaches are essential in order to ensure the capacity to meet the research challenges of the marine and maritime historic environment. There is a need for collaboration across the heritage sector and beyond, into specific areas of industry, science and the arts. Methods of communication amongst the constituent research individuals, institutions and networks should be developed, and dissemination of research results promoted. The formation of research communities, especially virtual centres of excellence, should be encouraged in order to build capacity.