Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Industrial accidents'
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Parilek, Jimmy. "Implementing an incident review analysis and accountability system for ABC Construction." Online version, 2009. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2009/2009parilekj.pdf.
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Thompson, Gary. "An evaluation of supervisor's accident investigation reports." Thesis, Federation University Australia, 1997. http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/HandleResolver/1959.17/164853.
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The aim of the research project is to investigate the veracity of negative criticisms of supervisors' accident investigations by using the generalised time sequence model as the analytical tool to evaluate the data recorded in a convenience sample of supervisors' accident investigation report forms.Master of Applied Science
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Al-Gahtani, Yahya Saeed. "Control of industrial accidents in Saudi Arabia." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2005. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/7741.
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An information-based solution is proposed that will aid fire-fighters and other emergency service personnel in their control of industrial accidents in Saudi Arabia. The integration of databases and geographic information systems (GIS) through dynamic data exchange (DDE) creates an informatics tool with more general usability. Further, web enabled information exchange about hazardous materials is interfaced with the proposed information system. The resulting 'Industrial Incidents Administration System' (IIAS) is a paperless, user-centred, secure method for information exchange able to preserve information between the Civil Defence and Industrial Sectors in Saudi Arabia using state of the art electronic sources and resources. Three main needs were identified in the design phase of HAS: the information architecture of the data repositories in a form that retains semantic and syntactic values; a rapid-access database for planning decisions; and, an online transactional database for frequent updating. In order to achieve the HAS, the following technologies were exploited and integrated. Online data exchange through the use of an Information Bus system architecture; a local database which contains five subsystems; and the GIS application. Interoperability was an important feature of the proposed solution. In order to better understand and satisfy user needs, the prototype system was implemented and evaluated. The purpose of this prototype was to receive feedback from users to understand their needs. The feedback received helped to improve, as well as add, new functionalities to the HAS. In this study, we presented results and experiences of conducting two well known evaluation techniques heuristic evaluation and cognitive walk-through. The two methods employed complemented each other very well, the first giving feedback from end-users needs, and the second revealing deficiencies in usability in the system. The study provided convincing information for improving the current version of HAS.
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Girgin, Serkan. "An Integrated Decision-support System For Industrial Accidents." Phd thesis, METU, 2008. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12609453/index.pdf.
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Availability of data on accidents and chemical inventories, together with assessment and analysis tools is a prerequisite for integrated control of industrial accidents. Although Turkey has a developing industry, legislative measures for control of industrial accidents are lacking, past accidents are not systematically enlisted and industrial facilities and hazardous substances thereof are not properly registered. While some accident data is available in international databases, they are incomplete and erroneous.
In the present study, a decision support system has been developed for collection and analysis of past accident information, assessment of current accident potentials of industrial establishments and modeling of probable accidents to reveal risks possessed thereby. The system supports web based multilingual and multi-user environment,and aims contribution of all interested parties in a collaborative manner. Information on technological accidents can be systematically archived together with reference data and visual materials. Initial data covering a time period of 30 years has been provided. The system is capable of storing hazard classifications and physico-chemical properties of substances, and providing standardized data for calculations. It can determine major-accident potential of industrial facilities as dictated by the 96/82/EC Directive of the EU and update relevant information automatically as required. An easy to use accident model for rapid assessment of off-site consequences of industrial accidents is also featured.
Developed system allows integrated management of data on industrial accidents and provides decision support tools for assessing current and future accident potential,which can be used for national as well as the EU needs.
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Tripaldi, Pietro. "Industrial accidents triggered by lightning: causes and consequences." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2013. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/6388/.
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Natural hazards affecting industrial installations could directly or indirectly cause an accident or series of accidents with serious consequences for the environment and for human health.
Accidents initiated by a natural hazard or disaster which result in the release of hazardous materials are commonly referred to as Natech (Natural Hazard Triggering a Technological Disaster) accidents.
The conditions brought about by these kinds of events are particularly problematic, the presence of the natural event increases the probability of exposition and causes consequences more serious than standard technological accidents.
Despite a growing body of research and more stringent regulations for the design and operation of industrial activities, Natech accidents remain a threat. This is partly due to the absence of data and dedicated risk-assessment methodologies and tools. Even the Seveso Directives for the control of risks due to major accident hazards do not include any specific impositions regarding the management of Natech risks in the process industries. Among the few available tools there is the European Standard EN 62305, which addresses generic industrial sites, requiring to take into account the possibility of lightning and to select the appropriate protection measures. Since it is intended for generic industrial installations, this tool set the requirements for the design, the construction and the modification of structures, and is thus mainly oriented towards conventional civil building.
A first purpose of this project is to study the effects and the consequences on industrial sites of lightning, which is the most common adverse natural phenomenon in Europe. Lightning is the cause of several industrial accidents initiated by natural causes. The industrial sectors most susceptible to accidents triggered by lightning is the petrochemical one, due to the presence of atmospheric tanks (especially floating roof tanks) containing flammable vapors which could be easily ignited by a lightning strike or by lightning secondary effects (as electrostatic and electromagnetic pulses or ground currents).
A second purpose of this work is to implement the procedure proposed by the European Standard on a specific kind of industrial plant, i.e. on a chemical factory, in order to highlight the critical aspects of this implementation. A case-study plant handling flammable liquids was selected. The application of the European Standard allowed to estimate the incidence of lightning activity on the total value of the default release frequency suggested by guidelines for atmospheric storage tanks. Though it has become evident that the European Standard does not introduce any parameters explicitly pointing out the amount of dangerous substances which could be ignited or released. Furthermore the parameters that are proposed to describe the characteristics of the structures potentially subjected to lightning strikes are insufficient to take into account the specific features of different chemical equipment commonly present in chemical plants.
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Storbakken, Rob. "An incident investigation procedure for use in industry." Online version, 2002. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2002/2002storbakkenr.pdf.
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Nolin, Kate. "A study to develop a training module and leader's guide for an emergency response team at Comapny X." Menomonie, WI : University of Wisconsin--Stout, 2004. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2004/2004nolink.pdf.
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Bellchambers, Brenton. "Sources of severe occupational injury in a major Australian water authority." Thesis, The Author [Mt. Helen, Vic.] :, 1992. http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/HandleResolver/1959.17/55415.
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An analysis of occuptational accidents (n=587) was completed for the years 1989/90/91 for a major Australian water authority for injuries of five or more days lost time.Masters of Applied Science, Occupational Health and Safety
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Carol, Llopart Sergio. "Una nueva metodología para la predicción de la gravedad en los accidentes industriales aplicando el análisis histórico." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/6421.
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La presente tesis va encaminada al estudio de la gravedad de los accidentes industriales con sustancias peligrosas mediante la utilización del análisis histórico de accidentes. Su objetivo final es utilizar el tratamiento cuantitativo de dicho análisis para desarrollar una metodología que permita predecir la gravedad de los accidentes.Los factores de riesgo que determinan la mayor o menor gravedad de los accidentes son tantos y tan complejos, que las aproximaciones determinísticas tradicionales no permiten desarrollar modelos adecuados que describan correctamente la realidad. Pretender establecer una correlación de determinados factores de riesgo para predecir la potencial gravedad de un accidente es, hoy por hoy, cuanto menos, difícil.
Existen muchas publicaciones y trabajos de recopilación en los que se detallan innumerables situaciones accidentales. En los últimos años, el desarrollo de bases de datos informatizadas permite una utilización masiva de estas informaciones. Sin embargo, la utilización tradicional del análisis histórico de accidentes se ha encaminado prioritariamente a la detección cualitativa de factores de riesgo y de forma secundaria, al desarrollo cuantitativo de determinados modelos.
El trabajo aquí presentado parte del estudio de diversas recopilaciones de accidentes de reconocido prestigio y de la aplicación de técnicas cuantitativas que permitan establecer o aproximar la potencial gravedad de los accidentes industriales en los que intervienen de manera directa sustancias peligrosas.
Para ello, en el Capítulo 1, introductorio, se analiza la situación global de la seguridad industrial en España, se estudian las técnicas utilizadas en el análisis de riesgos y se presenta la orientación y el esquema general de este trabajo.
En el Capítulo 2 se revisan los índices de riesgo más reconocidos, con el triple objetivo de conocer cuáles son los factores de riesgo determinantes en la gravedad de un accidente industrial, qué ponderación se hace de cada uno de ellos y qué relación matemática se establece para determinar el nivel de riesgo asociado a cada instalación.
Dado que para el desarrollo de este trabajo era preciso seleccionar una base de datos en la que se recopilaran numerosos accidentes con sustancias peligrosas, en el Capítulo 3 se incluye una descripción detallada de las bases de datos y de las referencias bibliográficas que han servido de base o apoyo al estudio realizado. En los Anexos 1 y 2 se detallan la estructura y características fundamentales de las bases de datos MARS y MHIDAS. Este análisis permite identificar también determinados factores de riesgo en el uso industrial de sustancias peligrosas. Por la mayor disponibilidad de acceso, facilidad de tratamiento de la información y cantidad y calidad de los datos recogidos, se optó en su momento por basar el estudio en los accidentes de la base de datos MHIDAS. No obstante, en el análisis de diversas situaciones accidentales, se ha recurrido en muchas ocasiones a otras fuentes, también descritas.
El Capítulo 4 presenta el estudio de la gravedad de los accidentes industriales en función de los factores descriptores disponibles en la base de datos MHIDAS (muertos, heridos y pérdidas económicas). Supone una primera aproximación al problema mediante estadística descriptiva permitiendo ratificar y cuantificar, a la luz del análisis histórico de accidentes, lo que el juicio experto indica de forma más o menos intuitiva y establecer las probabilidades de ocurrencia de accidentes de una determinada gravedad.
La limitación más importante observada en los métodos estadísticos descritos en el Capítulo 4, es que los análisis realizados son uni o bivariantes, por lo que en cada caso se observan las relaciones entre una única variable explicativa y una variable respuesta. Con el fin de generalizar este análisis y poder observar las relaciones entre unas y otras variables, se presentan en el Capítulo 5 los resultados más significativos obtenidos al aplicar a los datos recopilados en MHIDAS, diversos métodos estadísticos multivariante. Los métodos utilizados han sido los siguientes: análisis de correspondencias múltiples y análisis de conglomerados, análisis de regresión múltiple, modelos logit, árboles de clasificación o decisión y análisis discriminante.
En la medida en que cada uno de ellos lo permite, se ha intentado conocer el potencial predictivo y/o explicativo que cada método aplicado aporta al ser utilizado con los datos de MHIDAS. Los resultados obtenidos pueden tener validez y utilidad en el análisis cuantitativo de riesgos al permitir estimar la gravedad de los accidentes a partir de unos pocos parámetros generales.
El Capítulo 6 presenta tres estudios concretos derivados de los análisis anteriores en los que, para ciertas tipologías de accidentes, se predice la evolución de su coste económico con el tiempo, la gravedad de los mismos en función de la cantidad de sustancia interviniente en las explosiones accidentales y una primera aproximación a los árboles de sucesos para sustancias inflamables.
Finalmente se resumen las conclusiones derivadas de la realización de esta tesis y se recopila la bibliografía utilizada como referencia a lo largo de todo este estudio.
The present work is a study of the severity of industrial accidents involving hazardous substances using historical analysis. The final objective is to use a quantitative methodology to develop a technique to estimate the accidents severity.
The hazards that determine the severity of the industrial accidents are much and very complex. Then, a conventional approach using deterministic techniques to develop models to predict the importance of the consequences are inadequate.
There are many compilations and publications where it is possible to find a complete accident description. In the last years, using databases and information systems it has been possible to study a large number of accidents from a qualitative point of view. The traditional use of historical analysis of accidents is focused mainly on the qualitative detection of hazards and to the development of quantitative models.
This work presents a study of several prestigious compilations of accidents and the application of quantitative techniques to these recompilations to estimate the severity of industrial accidents involving dangerous substances.
Chapter 1 (an introduction), analyse the global situation of the industrial safety in Spain and presents the most important techniques used in the risk analysis showing the general structure of this work.
Chapter 2 presents a review of the most important risk index to know what factors of risk are very relevant, the influence of each factor in the total level of risk of the plant and the mathematical relation between all of them.
To develop this work it has been necessary to select a database where a big number of accidents involving hazardous substances have been compilated. In Chapter 3, it is included a detailed description of the databases and other bibliographic references used to develop this work. Annexes 1 and 2 detail the most important properties of MARS and MHIDAS databases respectively. This description permits also identify several relevant factors of risk in industrial environments working with dangerous substances. For his disposability, easiness of use, quantity and quality of information compiled, this study is focused on the MHIDAS database accidents. Nevertheless, in the analysis of several scenarios, other sources of information have been used.
Chapter 4 presents the severity of these accidents as function of several factors available in MHIDAS database system (number of deaths, number of injured, number of evacuated and damage in economic units). This Chapter is a first approximation to the problem using descriptive statistics and its results permits to quantify and verify, using historical analysis of accidents, that the expert judgement shows in a more or less intuitive manner and provides the probabilities of occurrence of accidents of a determined severity.
The most important limitation observed in the use of the statistical methods in Chapter 4 is that the analysis developed are uni or bivariate (they work only with one independent variable and one dependent variable) while in reality they are multivariate. In order to generalise these analyses and observe the relations between both variables, Chapter 5 shows the most significant results obtained applying several multivariate statistical methods to the data compiled in MHIDAS. The methods used in these analyses are: Multiple Correspondence analysis, cluster analysis, multiple regression analysis, logit models, decision trees analysis and discriminant analysis.
According to the interesting results of each method, an attempt to know the predictive and/or descriptive potential of each method when it is used with MHIDAS data has been made. The obtained results have interest and utility in the quantitative risk analysis because they permit to estimate the severity of these accidents using a few parameters.
Chapter 6 presents three studies developed from the previous analysis. In these studies, for certain typologies of accidents, it is possible to predict the evolution of the economic cost in time, the severity of these accidents and a first approach to the event tree for flammable substances.
Finally, the conclusions arising from this study have been summarised, as well as the bibliography taken as a referent in the making of this study.
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Khayyat, Yaseen Muhib. "Assessment of severity of environmental detriment caused by industrial accidents." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.260652.
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DUARTE, Heitor de Oliveira. "A methodology for quantitative ecological risk assessment for industrial accidents." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2011. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/5960.
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Previous issue date: 2011Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
Recentes acidentes industriais, como vazamentos tóxicos, têm causado danos catastróficos ao meio ecológico (i.e. plantas e animais), de modo que um método efetivo para analisar riscos ecológicos tem sido demandado. Em primeiro lugar, este trabalho tem como objetivo propor uma metodologia capaz de quantificar riscos ecológicos inerentes a eventos raros como acidentes industriais. Utiliza-se a modelagem populacional para simular futuras mudanças na abundância populacional de espécies-chave em risco e, assim, estimar a probabilidade de extinção ou declínio, tempo para extinção e outras medidas, para cada cenário acidental. Assim, foi possível desenvolver uma abordagem que combina os danos ecológicos (previstos através da modelagem populacional) com a frequência de ocorrência do cenário acidental (estimada através de dados históricos e análise de confiabilidade). O resultado é uma curva de risco FN (similar ao resultado de uma análise de risco a humanos), onde N é o declínio populacional médio e F a frequência acumulada de acidentes com declínio maior ou igual a N. Em segundo lugar, o trabalho apresenta uma aplicação da metodologia para quantificar os riscos ecológicos provenientes de acidentes associados ao transporte e manuseio de petróleo que abastece uma refinaria no Complexo Industrial Portuário de Suape-PE, no Nordeste do Brasil. Esta instalação está localizada próxima a um rico ecossistema aquático de alta biodiversidade. A população de uma espécie nativa foi estrategicamente escolhida para representar o ecossistema, alguns cenários de derramamento de petróleo foram simulados e suas frequências de ocorrência estimadas. Para cada cenário acidental, a concentração de óleo que atinge a população foi prevista via modelagem de destino e transporte. Os riscos ecológicos foram quantificados e apresentados em uma curva FN. Uma análise de sensibilidade foi feita para explorar como mudanças em parâmetros específicos causam mudanças nas medidas de risco. Além disso, a incerteza foi medida como um intervalo (limite superior e inferior) para as medidas de riscos com base em cenários pessimistas e otimistas. Finalmente, a metodologia mostrou-se viável, eficiente, conveniente e flexível, apesar de que algumas melhorias ainda podem ser feitas e estas foram propostas para trabalhos futuros
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Zhang, Renyou. "Integrated reliability and optimization analysis combining both human and facility factors." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2018. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=237093.
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The rapidly increasing loss of industrial accidents has become a big barrier to the development of modern industry. Therefore, safety and reliability in the industry should be treated seriously. Although there are many achievements in safety and reliability research, still many challenges are waiting for people to address. Human reliability is one of the most representative challenges. The source idea and methodology of human reliability are very different with facility reliability analysis, so in most system reliability analysis, facility reliability and human reliability are isolated with each other, and sometimes, human reliability is even neglected, which decrease the quality of system reliability analysis. However, according to many safety reports, human factors are always playing the root reason or one of the root reasons to activate the accidents. Regarding that, the integrated model, which involves human reliability and facility reliability, should be constructed. Therefore, in this Ph.D. research, a Markov chain based mathematical model, which contains human reliability and facility reliability, is established. Besides, only a simple model is not enough in solving the integrated reliability analysis problem, so the mathematical will be taken in optimization to find the best solutions for system reliability with the consideration on reliability requirements and budget requirements. Afterwards, based on the optimized result on human reliability, a Cognitive Reliability and Error Analysis Method (CREAM) based method is adopted to predict the real human reliability data, and if the real data fails to meet the optimized human reliability data, the CREAM will be used as a method to reasonably and logically provide a variety of human reliability promotion plans for people use. Finally, facing those plans, a decision supporting model should be built to help people choose the most reasonable plan for current use and future updating. Overall, an integrated model for both human and facility factors is constructed for industry use. This new proposed model has been tested on Beihai LNG Terminal in Guangxi China.
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Bovornsuppasri, Choomsri. "A readiness assessment of Company XYZ to implement OSHA's voluntary proteciton program." Menomonie, WI : University of Wisconsin--Stout, 2005. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2005/2005bovornsuppasric.pdf.
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Macey, Gregg P. "Sheltering in place : the limits of integrative bargaining following industrial accidents." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/39943.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 2007.Includes bibliographical references (p. 265-289).
This study grew out of an interest in environmental justice and the unique problems faced by neighborhoods located near petrochemical facilities. It also focuses on negotiation theory and how it can be applied under an increasingly diverse array of circumstances. I sketch the roots of the concept of integrative bargaining and how it emerged as a powerful yet limited tool for meeting the interests of stakeholders in multi-party contexts. Specifically, I demonstrate how research into the structure of conflict, with origins in contract and game theory, encouraged a new profession that focuses much of its time, paradoxically, on matters of agency, such as the strategic elements widely viewed as conducive to a Pareto efficient outcome. In an effort to encourage a renewed focus on structure, I show how in a highly institutionalized setting, which for my dissertation included the causes and immediate consequences of an accidental toxic emission by a chemical processing facility, much of the integrative potential of the negotiations that follow is removed from potential discussion or even discovery before mediators and the parties involved begin to address root causes.
(cont.) New roles for mediators, and why it is as important to focus on limiting the narrowing effects of structuration as it is to try and expand the initial offer space, are discussed. Data for my dissertation include semi-structured interviews with over 90 agency and industry representatives, residents and community organizers, and the lawyers and mediators who were also a part of the conflicts that followed accidents such as the Unocal Catacarb spill. I also collected primary documents, including environmental data, deposition transcripts analyzed to determine the organizational roots of the accidents, plant management and government agency records, media accounts, and drafts of community-corporate agreements.
by Gregg P. Macey.
Ph.D.
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Rogers, Jennifer Kathleen. "Safety Benchmarking of Industrial Construction Projects Based on Zero Accidents Techniques." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/42859.
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Safety is a continually significant issue in the construction industry. The Occupation Safety and Health Administration as well as individual construction companies are constantly working on verifying that their selected safety plans have a positive effect on reduction of workplace injuries. Worker safety is a large concern for both the workers and employers in construction and the government also attempts to impose effective regulations concerning minimum safety requirements.
There are many different methods for creating and implementing a safety plan, most notably the Construction Industry Instituteâ s (CII) Zero Accidents Techniques (ZAT). This study will attempt to identify a relationship between the level of ZAT implementation and safety performance on industrial construction projects. This research also proposes that focusing efforts on certain ZAT elements over others will show different safety performance results.
There are three findings in this study that can be used to assist safety professionals in designing efficient construction safety plans. The first is a significant log-log relationship that is identified between the DEA efficiency scores and Recordable Incident Rate (RIR). There is also a significant difference in safety performance found between the Light Industrial and Heavy Industrial sectors. Lastly, regression is used to show that the pre-construction and worker selection ZAT components can predict a better safety performance.Master of Science
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Meltz, Jesse. "Identification of the best practices in the construction industry to attain zero accidents." Online version, 2009. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2009/2009meltzj.pdf.
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La, Novara Pina. "Factors affecting occupational injury rates : an analysis of Canadian data." Thesis, McGill University, 1991. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=61120.
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This thesis focuses on the issue of occupational injuries. There are four different explanations of why accident rates vary. A set of research hypotheses were created based on these explanations. Multivariate regression analyses of aggregate secondary data were used to test four hypotheses. The findings of these analyses indicate that establishment size, unionization rates and strike and lockout rates are related to injury rates but earnings are not. A fifth hypothesis was tested using the mining industry of Ontario as a case study. This analysis indicates that safety-related legislative and regulatory changes were not effective in reducing either fatal injuries or non-fatal injuries.
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Esau, Charlene Alicia Gladys. "Prevention and management of occupational injuries at selected higher eduction institution in the Western Cape, South Africa." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/1543.
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Thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree
Master of Technology Occupational Health Nursing in the Faculty of Health and Wellness Sciences at the Cape Peninsula University of Technology
2015Purpose of study: The purpose of this study was to explore the injury on duty prevention and management strategies that are currently used in different higher education settings. The study intended to shed light on specific areas of policy and practice discrepancies related to the disjuncture between employee interactions, regulated directives and organizational goals. Aims and objectives: One of the aims was to determine the types of work-related injuries that occur in HEI’s by verifying the injuries reported on Employers Reports of an Accident. A second aim was to examine strategies that have been put in place to prevent injuries in the workplace by reviewing policies and procedures related to injury prevention. The final aim was to examine systems in-place to manage occupational injuries by looking at staff health or employee wellness service flow charts or models used at the HEIs. Population and sample: Permanently employed personnel at two HEI’s in the Western Cape were participants in a multiple case study. The sample units consisted of health and safety representatives, human resources, maintenance personnel, estates and custodial, traffic services and departmental managers. Methodology: This study applied a mixed-method using a multiple case study design as an approach to the enquiry. Methods of data collection: Documents, questionnaires, and semi-structured interviews were be used to obtain data to answer the research questions. Process of analysis: Qualitative and quantitative themes will be analysed in a matrix. The three data sources were triangulated to validate the findings. Benefits of the study: Injury prevention benefits the employer and employee in many ways, including increased employee performance leading to increased productivity as well as cost savings. Main findings: Injuries that were reported are mostly musculoskeletal injuries; however other types of injuries may not be reported due to under reporting of injuries being common in this setting. Health and safety training and knowledge sharing was not well supported and injury prevention strategies were not optimized. The application of health and safety policies and procedures were not adequately communicated, enforced or monitored. Staff health and employee wellness strategies operate independently and do not facilitate a coordinated response to manage occupational injuries in this setting. Lack of monitoring, organizational support, training and knowledge sharing and communication were the four main challenges to injury prevention management systems. Conclusions: The implementation of an effective injury prevention and management programme could benefit the organization and translate into increased operational value (organizational quality). Key words: Higher Education Institutions, Occupational Injury prevention, Management of occupational injury.
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Necci, Amos <1986>. "Cascading events triggering industrial accidents: quantitative assessment of NaTech and domino scenarios." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2015. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/7103/1/NECCI_AMOS_TESI.pdf.
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The so called cascading events, which lead to high-impact low-frequency scenarios are rising concern worldwide. A chain of events result in a major industrial accident with dreadful (and often unpredicted) consequences. Cascading events can be the result of the realization of an external threat, like a terrorist attack a natural disaster or of “domino effect”.
During domino events the escalation of a primary accident is driven by the propagation of the primary event to nearby units, causing an overall increment of the accident severity and an increment of the risk associated to an industrial installation. Also natural disasters, like intense flooding, hurricanes, earthquake and lightning are found capable to enhance the risk of an industrial area, triggering loss of containment of hazardous materials and in major accidents. The scientific community usually refers to those accidents as “NaTechs”: natural events triggering industrial accidents.
In this document, a state of the art of available approaches to the modelling, assessment, prevention and management of domino and NaTech events is described. On the other hand, the relevant work carried out during past studies still needs to be consolidated and completed, in order to be applicable in a real industrial framework. New methodologies, developed during my research activity, aimed at the quantitative assessment of domino and NaTech accidents are presented.
The tools and methods provided within this very study had the aim to assist the progress toward a consolidated and universal methodology for the assessment and prevention of cascading events, contributing to enhance safety and sustainability of the chemical and process industry.
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Necci, Amos <1986>. "Cascading events triggering industrial accidents: quantitative assessment of NaTech and domino scenarios." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2015. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/7103/.
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The so called cascading events, which lead to high-impact low-frequency scenarios are rising concern worldwide. A chain of events result in a major industrial accident with dreadful (and often unpredicted) consequences. Cascading events can be the result of the realization of an external threat, like a terrorist attack a natural disaster or of “domino effect”.
During domino events the escalation of a primary accident is driven by the propagation of the primary event to nearby units, causing an overall increment of the accident severity and an increment of the risk associated to an industrial installation. Also natural disasters, like intense flooding, hurricanes, earthquake and lightning are found capable to enhance the risk of an industrial area, triggering loss of containment of hazardous materials and in major accidents. The scientific community usually refers to those accidents as “NaTechs”: natural events triggering industrial accidents.
In this document, a state of the art of available approaches to the modelling, assessment, prevention and management of domino and NaTech events is described. On the other hand, the relevant work carried out during past studies still needs to be consolidated and completed, in order to be applicable in a real industrial framework. New methodologies, developed during my research activity, aimed at the quantitative assessment of domino and NaTech accidents are presented.
The tools and methods provided within this very study had the aim to assist the progress toward a consolidated and universal methodology for the assessment and prevention of cascading events, contributing to enhance safety and sustainability of the chemical and process industry.
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Tam, Pui Nga. "Who owns my body? : the traumatic narratives of Chinese injured migrant workers and their families in south China /." View abstract or full-text, 2006. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?SOSC%202006%20TAM.
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Biddle, Elyce Anne. "The economic cost of fatal occupational injuries in the United States." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2001. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=1911.
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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2001.Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains v, 104 p. : ill. (some col.). Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 48-54).
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Galadima, Abraham 1956. "Incidents of accidents in agricultural mechanics laboratories in Arizona." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/277974.
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The purpose of this study was to investigate the incidence, frequency and severity of accidents in Arizona secondary agricultural education programs. Data were obtained by questionnaires sent to secondary school teachers of agricultural education in Arizona from February 2, 1991, to April 15, 1991. Among the teachers who reported one or more accidents, a pattern of accidents was observed over the period (1989-90 school year) studied. Cuts and burns were the most frequent accidents in the programs, followed by bruises and scratches. Incidents such as loss of hammer head and disintegration of grinder wheel pose great danger and, therefore, require the attention of teachers and administrators as well. It is hoped agricultural education teachers and students, through this study and others similar to it, will be able to gain insight into the patterns of accidents occurring in their labs and, most of all, stress adherence to safety guidelines.
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McLean, Colin. "Occupational fatalities in Victoria 1990-1993 : a case for the control of damaging energy not behaviour." Thesis, The Author [Mt. Helen, Vic.] :, 1993. http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/HandleResolver/1959.17/56124.
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"The aim of the study is to analyse occupational traumatic fatalities in Victoria from the period 1990 through to 1993, to identify opportunities for prevention."Thesis (Master of Applied Science)
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Dell, Geoff. "Aircraft pushback accidents worldwide 1964-1992 : causes and prevention." Thesis, The Author [Mt. Helen. Vic.] :, 1993. http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/HandleResolver/1959.17/39809.
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The purpose of the study was to analyse aircraft pushback accidents which have resulted in death or serious injury to aircraft pusback ground crew members and to develop effective strategies to prevent such accidents.Thesis (Master of Applied Science)
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Burger, Elke. "Investigating high turnover intention and a diminished level of organisational commitment as antecedents of accidents." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/86316.
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Thesis (MComm)--Stellenbosch University, 2014.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: A study on intention to leave and efficiency that was conducted in the healthcare industry reported that an employee contemplating leaving an organisation cuts corners and compromises quality (Waldman, Kelly, Arora & Smith, 2004). In other words, employees with high intention to leave are more likely to disobey rules and procedures. Swain (2006) further argued that companies must weigh up the untold losses involved with an employee who has little to no loyalty towards an organisation, or no respect for the company’s equipment, against recruitment and development costs. It was therefore argued that a combination of high turnover intention and a diminished level of organisational commitment could influence an employee’s attitude towards safety procedures and, as a result, lead to an increase in accidents (Graham & Nafukho, 2010). This study utilised an extensive literature review on work climate, job satisfaction, organisational commitment, turnover intentions and accident rates and a conceptual model of safe driving dynamics in trucking to illustrate the notion that truck drivers with a diminished level of organisational commitment and the intention to leave may experience higher accident rates. A South African retail group made all their drivers available for the study, i.e. the entire population. The raw data was obtained through self-administered pencil-and-paper questionnaires. A response rate of 50% was achieved. Using Partial Least Squares analysis, the study found all three mindsets of organisational commitment to predict turnover intention. The practical implications of these findings could assist management in the improvement of an array of work behaviours such as job performance, work attendance and organisational citizenship, and decrease turnover rate. The study could not find any significant support for the predictive effect of turnover intention on risky driving behaviour. Future researchers, however, are encouraged to develop a model that could assist Human Resource professionals in the understanding, development, and implementation of interventions to increase organisational commitment, reduce intention to leave, actual turnover, and, consequently, costly truckload accidents.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die bevindings van ’n studie oor intensies tot bedanking en doeltreffendheid wat in die gesondheidsorg industrie onderneem is, het aangedui dat ’n werknemer wat oorweeg om ’n organisasie te verlaat, die werk afskeep en gehalte in gedrang bring (Waldman, Kelly, Arora & Smith, 2004). Werknemers met sterk intensies tot bedanking is dus meer geneig om riglyne en vasgestelde prosedures te verontagsaam. Verder het Swain (2006) aangevoer dat maatskappye die onberekende verliese verbonde aan ’n werknemer wat geen respek vir die maatskappy se toerusting koester nie, moet opweeg teenoor werwing en ontwikkellingskostes. Daarvolgens is aangevoer dat ’n kombinasie van hoë intensies tot bedanking en ’n verlaagde vlak van organisasieverbondenheid ’n werknemer se houding teenoor veiligheidsprosedures kan beïnvloed en gevolglik tot ’n toename in ongelukke kan lei (Graham & Nafukho, 2010). Die huidige navorsingstudie het van ’n uitgebreide literatuurstudie met betrekking tot werksklimaat, werkstevredenheid, organisasieverbondenheid en ongeluksyfers, en ’n konseptuele model van veilige bestuursdinamika in vragmotorvervoer, gebruik gemaak om die idee dat vragmotorbestuurders met ’n verminderde vlak van organisasieverbondenheid en die intensie om te bedank ‘n hoër ongeluksyfer kan beleef. ’n Suid-Afrikaanse kleinhandel groep het al hul vragmotorbestuurders (dus die hele populasie) vir die studie beskikbaar gestel. Die roudata is met behulp van self-geadministreerde potlood-en-papier vraelyste verkry. ’n Responskoers van 50% is verkry. Met die gebruik van parsiële kleinste kwadrate analise, het die studie bevind dat intensies tot bedanking deur al drie ingesteldhede van organisasieverbondenheid voorspel word. Die praktiese implikasies van hierdie bevindinge kan bestuur help om ’n verskeidenheid werksgedrag, soos werkprestasie, werkbywoning en organisatoriese gemeenskapsgedrag, te verbeter en personeel-omsetafname te bewerkstellig. Die studie het nie daarin geslaag om beduidende ondersteuning vir die voorspellingseffek van intensies tot bedanking op riskante bestuursgedrag te vind nie. Toekomstige navorsers word egter aangemoedig om ’n model te ontwikkel wat menslike hulpbron-bestuurders sal help met die verstaan, ontwikkeling en implementering van ingrypings wat organisasieverbondenheid verhoog, sodat intensies tot bedanking en personeel-omset verlaag, en daardeur ook duur vragongelukke verminder word.
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Van, den Honert Andrew. "Estimating the continuous risk of accidents occurring in the South African mining industry." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/96072.
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Thesis (MEng)--Stellenbosch University, 2014.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Statistics from mining accidents expose that the potential for injury or death to employees from occupational accidents is relatively high. This study attempts to contribute to the on-going efforts to improve occupational safety in the mining industry by creating a model capable of predicting the continuous risk of occupational accidents occurring. Model inputs include the time of day, time into shift, temperatures, humidity, rainfall and production rate. The approach includes using an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) to identify patterns between the input attributes and to predict the continuous risk of accidents occurring. As a predecessor to the development of the model, a comprehensive literature study was conducted. The objectives of the study were to understand occupational safety, explore various forecasting techniques and identify contributing factors that influence the occurrence of accidents and in so doing recognise any gaps in the current knowledge. Another objective was to quantify the contributing factors identified, as well as detect the sensitivity amongst these factors and in so doing deliver a groundwork for the present model. After the literature was studied, the model design and construction was performed as well as the model training and validation. The training and validation took the form of a case study with data from a platinum mine near Rustenburg in South Africa. The data was split into three sections, namely, underground, engineering and other. Then the model was trained and validated separately for the three sections on a yearly basis. This resulted in meaningful correlation between the predicted continuous risk and actual accidents as well as the majority of the actual accidents only occurring while the continuous risk was estimated to be above 80%. However, the underground section has so many accidents, that the risk is permanently very high. Yet, the engineering and other sections produced results useful for managerial decisions.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Mynbou ongeluk statistieke dui aan dat die potensiaal vir besering of dood as gevolg van beroepsongelukke relatief hoog is. Die studie poog om by te dra tot die voortdurende verbetering van beroepsveiligheid in die mynbedryf deur middel van ’n model wat die risiko van beroepsongelukke voorspel. Die model vereis die tyd, tyd verstreke in die skof, temperatuur, humiditeit, reënval en produksie tydens die ongeluk as inset. Die benadering tot hierdie model maak gebruik van ’n Kunsmatige Neurale Netwerk (KNN) om patrone tussen die insette te erken en om die risiko van ’n voorval te beraam. As ’n voorloper tot die model ontwikkeling, is ’n omvattende literatuurstudie onderneem. Die doelwitte van die literatuur studie was om beroepsveiligheid beter te verstaan, verskeie voorspellings tegnieke te ondersoek en kennis van bydraende faktore wat lei tot voorvalle te ondersoek. Nog ’n doelwit sluit die kwantifisering in van geidentifiseerde bydraende faktore, asook die opsporing van die sensitiwiteit tussen hierdie faktore en hierdeur ’n fondasie vir die voorgestelde model te skep. Na afloop van die literatuurstudie is die model ontwikkel, opgelei en gevalideer. Die opleiding en validasie is deur middel van ’n gevallestudie in ’n platinummyn naby Rustenburg in Suid Afrika gedoen. Die data is verdeel in drie afdelings, d.i. ondergronds, ingenieurswese en ander. Die model is vir elke afdeling apart opgelei en gevalideer op ’n jaarlikse basis. Hierdie het gelei tot ’n betekenisvolle korrelasie tussen die voorspelde risiko en die werklike ongelukke met die meerderheid van die werklike ongevalle wat voorgekom het terwyl die risiko 80% oorskry het. In die ondergrondse afdeling is so baie voorvalle waarneem dat die risiko permanent hoog is. Die ander afdelings het wel resultate verskaf wat sinvol gebruik kan word in bestuursbesluite.
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Ng, Kim-ching, and 吳劍青. "Prevention of occupational injuries caused by manual handling in health care settings: costs and benefits." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2009. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B42997574.
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Ng, Kim-ching. "Prevention of occupational injuries caused by manual handling in health care settings costs and benefits /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2009. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B42997574.
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Pillay, Kersey Robin. "The costs of construction accidents." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/1044.
Full textAbstract:
Dissertation
submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree
Master of Technology: Construction Management
Department of the Built Environment
in the Faculty of Construction Management and Quantity Surveying
at the Cape Peninsula University of Technology
2014The construction industry contributes significantly to national economic growth and offers substantial opportunities for job creation; however the industry has continually been plagued by workplace accidents. Moreover, employers may not realize the economic magnitude of workplace injury and ill health arising from construction activities. These accidents represent a considerable economic and social burden to employers, employees and to society as a whole. Despite governments and organisations worldwide maintaining an on-going commitment towards establishing a working environment free of injury and disease, a great deal of construction accidents continues to frequent our society. Given the high rate of construction accidents experienced, employers are not entirely mindful of the actual costs of construction accidents, especially when considering the hidden or indirect costs of accidents. Various safety research efforts have attempted to quantify the true costs of worker injuries, however localised systematic information on cost of construction accidents at work is not readily available from administrative statistical data sources, therefore this study was carried out in order to estimate the costs, like lost workdays or lost income, are clearly visible and can readily be expressed in monetary value; for a large part however, economic consequences of accidents are somewhat hidden. Indirect costs following an accident may be disregarded, damage to the company image is difficult to quantify and pricing human suffering and health damage is subject to discussion. Nevertheless, it is possible to get an adequate insight into the costs of accidents and the potential benefits of accident prevention.
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Ho, Yee-lin Dorothy, and 何綺蓮. "Bereavement and coping in widows following the loss of their husbands through industrial accidents." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1992. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B3124922X.
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Ho, Yee-lin Dorothy. "Bereavement and coping in widows following the loss of their husbands through industrial accidents /." [Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong], 1992. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B13417484.
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Nananidou, Angela. "A hierarchical model of safety attitudes : a study in four European countries." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.367211.
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García, Cardó Alfonso. "Relaciones entre los factores psicosociales de la Agencia Europea para la seguridad y salud en el trabajo y la accidentabilidad laboral en el sector metalúrgico español." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/670030.
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En España, en la mayoría de empresas y por normal general, los factores de riesgo psicosocial se gestionan aisladamente del resto de disciplinas de la prevención de riesgos laborales (seguridad, higiene industrial y ergonomía). Incluso, en los estudios de accidentabilidad, no se contemplan éstos factores como desencadenantes de daños físicos.
En este contexto, la presente tesis doctoral nace con el objetivo de analizar si las percepciones que tienen los trabajadores y las trabajadoras (en adelante “trabajadores”) sobre los factores psicosociales, tienen algún tipo de relación con la accidentabilidad de la organización en la que trabajan. Así, la accidentabilidad de la organización ha sido considerada únicamente como una variable clasificatoria.
Para lograr este objetivo se ha diseñado un cuestionario ad hoc con escalas tipo Likert. Dicho cuestionario ha sido aplicado a trabajadores del sector metalúrgico al final de dos períodos diferentes (2000-2004 y 2011-2015). Las empresas participantes y sus trabajadores fueron diferentes en cada período, si bien fueron seleccionadas bajo los mismos criterios.
El resultado de esta tesis doctoral señala que la percepción que tienen los trabajadores que desempeñan su labor profesional en empresas de alta, y de los que lo realizan en empresas de baja accidentabilidad, es significativamente diferente. Ello ha sido así en las siguientes escalas de medida: clima de seguridad, bienestar laboral, poder de decisión, riesgo basal, sobrecarga, condiciones de trabajo, así como en la percepción de estrés. Además, cabe destacar que en los dos momentos temporales en los que se analizaron los datos recogidos (2000-2004 y 2011-2015), los resultados fueron similares. Las percepciones de los trabajadores en las diferentes escalas psicosociales analizadas fueron similares, aún y existir una década de diferencia entre las dos muestras.
En conclusión, los factores psicosociales parecen ser indicadores útiles a la hora de analizar la accidentabilidad en las organizaciones del sector metalúrgico español. Por tanto, a raíz de los resultados obtenidos en la presente tesis doctoral, se propone que los factores psicosociales sean evaluados y analizados de manera integrada con el resto de disciplinas: seguridad, higiene industrial y ergonomía.Psychosocial risk factors are managed, as a general rule, in most companies in Spain in isolation from other disciplines of occupational risk prevention (safety, industrial hygiene and ergonomics). Even in accident studies, these factors are not considered as triggers of physical damages. In this context, this research was born with the objective of studying whether the perceptions that workers have about psychosocial factors have some kind of relationship with the accident rate of the organization in which they work. Being the accident rate of the organization only a qualifying variable. To achieve this goal, an "ad hoc" questionnaire with Likert scales has been designed, which has been applied to workers in the metallurgical sector at the end of two different periods (2000-2004 and 2011-2015). Workers and companies were different in each period, but under the same selection criteria. The result of this research indicates that the perception of the workers who perform their professional work in high-risk companies and those who perform it in those with low accident rates is significantly different in the scales of: safety climate, work well-being, decision power, basal risk, overload, work conditions, as well as in the stress percepcion. It is confirmed that these perceptions are stable over time (a decade apart). The workers perceptions in the different psychosocial scales analyzed were similar, even having a decade of difference between the two samples. In conclusion, psychosocial factors are optimal indicators of the accident rate of organizations. Therefore, they must be evaluated and analyzed in an integrated manner with the other disciplines: safety, industrial hygiene and ergonomics.
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Habibzadeh, Zahra Haji. "The influence of safety measures on workers' safety perception and behavior." Phd thesis, Faculty of Medicine, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/10594.
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McCracken, Selwyn, and n/a. "An injury surveillance framework for the New Zealand construction industry." University of Otago. Dunedin School of Medicine, 2009. http://adt.otago.ac.nz./public/adt-NZDU20090501.140407.
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Background: The burden of fatal and non-fatal injury for the New Zealand construction industry is larger than most other industrial sectors. Injury preventions efforts for construction have however been hampered because of insufficient, industry-specific, surveillance data that is essential for the effective targeting and evaluation of interventions.
Aim: This thesis aimed to describe and test a feasible framework of Injury Surveillance for the New Zealand construction industry. Accordingly, the specific objectives to accomplish this aim were: To identify an optimal surveillance dataset for New Zealand construction injuries; To assess potential sources of data and collection methods; To describe an ideal study design for undertaking injury surveillance; To implement an operational design based on industry stakeholder input; To undertake and evaluate an injury surveillance trial; and To suggest how a viable surveillance system could be permanently established.
Method: A trial injury surveillance system was developed by identifying known construction injury risk factors from the literature, reviewing the data collection practices of the New Zealand industry and other potential data sources and consulting with industry stakeholders about the most feasible collection methodology. This surveillance framework was then tested by combining national data from routine Government sources and data from 3 construction companies that employed approximately 720 workers between them. National construction injury data was obtained from the Accident Compensation Corporation, the Department of Labour and the Injury Information Manager. The trial Surveillance System was then evaluated in terms of its ability to collect the full range of an optimal dataset, the quality and completeness of information actually collected, the ability to identify and monitor injury priorities for the industry, and the future viability and acceptability of this surveillance design to the industry.
Results: A total of 468 medically treated injuries were recorded by the participating companies, with 15 (3.2%) considered to be Serious Harm injuries as defined by the Health and Safety in Employment Act. The level of data completeness across companies was especially low, with on average 18 out of 34 data fields (53%) completely unrecorded. The data from one company was sufficiently complete (i.e. 63% across all fields) to allow individual risk factor analyses to be conducted, whereas the absence of complete denominator data prevented the completion of the same analyses for the other two companies. Viewed overall, Government agency data was sufficiently detailed to estimate national longitudinal trends, injury agency and mechanism priorities for specific occupations and industry subsectors, and allowed a rudimentary evaluation of a national intervention programme. However, questions about data accuracy, completeness and under-reporting were raised for each of the Government data sources used.
Conclusions: Using data entirely from Government sources appears to be the most immediately viable framework of Injury Surveillance for the New Zealand construction industry. As such, the relevant range of analyses demonstrated by this study should be continued, expanded and improved. In contrast, obtaining injury surveillance data from companies in the manner that was tested does not appear to feasible, given the difficulty in recruiting companies and the poor data completeness of those companies that did participate. However, the increased range of prevention targets identified by the company that did largely contribute data as intended, demonstrated that company surveillance had merit relative to existing procedures. Suggested steps toward implementing viable construction injury surveillance within New Zealand are outlined, including a recommendation to the industry�s Health and Safety organisation, SiteSafe, to investigate the most feasible data collection protocol for its members.
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Biddle, Elyce Anne. "Estimating the impact of occupational fatal injuries on the U.S. gross domestic product." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2004. https://eidr.wvu.edu/eidr/documentdata.eIDR?documentid=3704.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--West Virginia University, 2004.Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains vii, 146 p. : ill. (some col.). Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 74-83).
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McCracken, Selwyn, and n/a. "Maori work related fatal injury, 1985-1994." University of Otago. Dunedin School of Medicine, 2001. http://adt.otago.ac.nz./public/adt-NZDU20070522.132250.
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Although already known that Maori were over-represented in terms of Work-Related Fatal Injury, because of flawed identification processes, both in numerator and denominator data, little progress has been made in understanding the true extent, nature and distribution of work-related fatal injury among Maori. The present study aimed to more accurately describe the problem, identifying specific circumstances associated with Maori deaths that will assist in developing preventive strategies for Maori.
Coronial files with an ICD 9-CM E-Code between E800 and E989 and a decedent aged 15-84, were reviewed as part of the study of all New Zealand work-related fatal injuries occurring between 1985 and 1994. Basic descriptive and causal information concerning each incident were abstracted and coded. Maori were identified within this dataset by either the classification recorded upon death certificates or if they were identified as Maori within Coroners files.
In all, 91 Maori deaths were identified within the 817 work-related fatalities. Notably, agreement between the data sources used to identify ethnic status was only around 52%. Crude rates were significantly higher for Maori and did not show the significant linear decline across years, compared with the non-Maori rates. Rates adjusted for employment patterns based on ethnicity did not differ. Specific event sequences leading to death were examined by age industry and occupational group for both Maori and non-Maori workers.
This study is the first to specifically investigate work-related injury for Maori. It confirms that overall inequities exist, and that they are largely due to differing employment patterns between Maori and non-Maori.
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Belley, Rémi. "L'application d'une gestion préventive en accident du travail réduit à la fois le nombre et la gravité des accidents chez les employés régionaux du Ministère du Loisir, de la Chasse et de la Pêche /." Thèse, Chicoutimi : Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, 1994. http://theses.uqac.ca.
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Motosko, Michele Marie. "The effect of blood alcohol concentration on performance in a game of risk involving industrial tasks and accidents." Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/50067.
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The reported study measured the effects of alcohol on risk-taking 511 a penalty/incentive system. Subjects read scenarios involving industrial tasks and accidents from a video screen. Each scenario had a point value associated with it. Subjects had to decide whether they were willing to perform the task if there was a specified probability of having an accident. They would win points for successfully performing the task, but lose points for having an accident. Their goal was to score as many points as possible. The points won were used to buy tickets for one of two $100.00 drawings. Those with the most tickets had the highest probability of winning the drawing. This motivator was used to stimulate cautious decision-making about taking risks.
Prior to participation in the task, subjects ingested a mixture of orange juice and 80-proof vodka to yield one of four BAC levels (0.00%, 0.05%, 0.07%, or 0.09%); however, alcohol was not found to affect risk-taking in this study. The concept of risk compensation is used to assist in the interpretation of the results.
Prior to discussion of the methodology and results of the current study, the literature on the Theory of Risk Homeostasis and on the effect of alcohol on industrial tasks is given to show how this study fits into the spectrum of research. Lastly, recommendations are given for various considerations in conducting research on risk-taking and alcohol.Master of Science
incomplete_metadata
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Esson, Ken. "A cost analysis of accidents and injuries in the open cut coalmining industry." Thesis, Federation University Australia, 1992. http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/HandleResolver/1959.17/97254.
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Following a study of back injuries in the Queensland Coal Industry, there arose several questions that needed further research. One of these was the cost of accident and injuries, and the impact of this cost would have on an organisation. The project's research involved a comprehensive study of literature pertaining to the cost of accidents and injuries. This included both insured and uninsured costs. The following four classifications of accidents were researched; first aid treatments; first aid doctor treatments; lost time injury cases; and equipment accident damage cases. A coal mine was selected for the pilot study and, data was collected on the four classifications over a complete year. This means a year that has no out standing accident cases or liablilities. The research was then considered to determine its support for the acceptance or rejection of the hypothesis whic postulates that the current methods used to analyse the cost of accidents or injuries in the coal mining industry are inadequate. As a result of the above condsiderations, a number of key points are put forward in support of the acceptance of the hypothesis. The research established costs both insured and uninsured for the four classifications under review. Then a calculation of a weighted ratio of uninsured costs was made. The paper concludes by making certain recommendations and supporting the need for further research into accident costing within the coal mining fraternity.Masters in Applied Science in Occupational Health and Safety
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Kraus, Jennifer L. "The implementation of ISO 14001-conformant environmental management systems and occupational injury & illness rates along the U.S.-Mexico border /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2002. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3071181.
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Horsburgh, Simon, and n/a. "A feasibility study of occupational exposure and acute injury outcome information collection methods for New Zealand agricultural workers." University of Otago. Dunedin School of Medicine, 2006. http://adt.otago.ac.nz./public/adt-NZDU20060831.110516.
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Background: Agricultural workers in New Zealand have high rates of occupational injury compared to most other occupational groups. They are also over-represented in work-related fatal injury statistics. While it is recognised that the personal and social costs of occupational injuries to agricultural workers are considerable, the ability to develop and evaluate evidence-based injury control strategies for this group has been limited by the lack of quality information on occupational exposures and injury events.
Aim: The aim of this thesis was to develop and pilot a comprehensive occupational exposure and acute injury outcome data collection system for agricultural workers which will provide an evidence base for a public health approach to acute occupational injury control within the agricultural sector of New Zealand. The thesis objectives were therefore to:
* Develop study methods to collect occupational exposure and injury outcome information.
* Assess the likely validity of these study methods.
* Determine the feasibility of implementing the study methods.
* Suggest modifications to the study methods to enhance their validity and feasibility.
Methods: Pastoral farms in the Waitaki region of New Zealand were identified using a database of New Zealand farm owners. The owners and workers on these farms were contacted and asked to participate. Participants were required to complete an Initial Questionnaire which included items on farm and personal characteristics, the farm environment, training, safety perceptions and attitudes and safety behaviour. Participants were then monitored for six months. During the monitoring period each participant completed a monthly log of their work activities during the preceding week. Any work-related injuries to workers on participating farms were also recorded and reported monthly. Participants who were injured were followed up for an interview to obtain detailed injury event information. At the end of the monitoring period a second Questionnaire was administered to assess change during the study. Participants were asked about any occupational injury events during the study as part of one of the monthly logs and the second Questionnaire to provide a comparison measure to the monthly reports. A random third of participating farms were visited at the end of the study to assess the validity of participants� reports on the farm environment.
Results: Sixty-two farms were recruited into the study, a recruitment rate of 24%. This resulted in 82 study participants. Fifty-seven farms and 72 participants completed the study, resulting in retention rates of 92% and 88% respectively. Return of study items was high, with the lowest observed level of return being 92%. Levels of response error were low in most of the study items, with exceptions being the recording of the hours spent handling animals (37%) and total hours worked (22%). Most postal items (over 68%) were returned before a reminder call was made.
Participants� reports about the farm environment closely matched the observations made during the visits, with little evidence of significant misreporting. The validity of reported injury events during the study could not be determined, as the two methods of capturing injury events identified different events.
Conclusions: Within the limitations of the study, most of the study methods appeared to be feasible and have acceptable validity. The low recruitment rate and issues with validating the capture of injury events indicated that modifications to the study design were necessary to achieve acceptable validity and feasibility, however. Recommendations were made on how feasibility and validity might be improved.
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Mattis, Angela M. "The effects of different shifts on injury and illness rates at a manufacturing facility." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2000. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=1516.
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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2000.Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains iii, 48 p. : ill. (some col.). Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 43-45).
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Habibi, Ehsanollah. "A safety analysis of industrial accidents : accident records of major coal producing countries are analysed to obtain fatal and non-fatal accident rates : significant factors influencing these rates are identified with efficacy of preventive measures." Thesis, University of Bradford, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/4229.
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A comprehensive study of accident records which have occured in Coal Mining Industries of Europe and U. S. A are analysed. The intention of the research was to establish relationships between the various accidents and prevention methods adopted by each country are evaluated and to assess the impact of industrial legislation in these various countries on accident rate are examined. The study analyses in paricular the fatal accident rate, and major and minor rate. The Major health hazards associated with coal mining are described in detail and discusses together with the Measurement of safety performance and its application in the Safety field. The study also examines the role of human factors in accidents also includes a summaries of fatal and major injury rates for 46 countries. Arising from the research a number of recommendations for improving safety are requires further research are indentified.
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Luiz, Rafael Alexandre Ferreira. "Análise da vulnerabilidade aos acidentes tecnológicos no entorno do distrito industrial do município de Paulínia." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/6/6134/tde-07012014-154604/.
Full textAbstract:
Instalações industriais possuem uma ampla fonte de riscos. Por isso, o entendimento e gerenciamento destes adquirem grande importância para a garantia dos níveis de segurança. A temática vulnerabilidade é relevante na medida em que a relação do seu conceito ao de risco permite a contextualização deste último. A finalidade da avaliação da vulnerabilidade é descrever, dentro de um determinado contexto, a interação entre os riscos, a comunidade e o meio ambiente. Pesquisas deste tipo fornecem subsídios para o desenvolvimento de programas e estratégias de prevenção de riscos e promoção da saúde. Estudos que privilegiem a vulnerabilidade do entorno de plantas industriais ainda são escassos, porém de suma importância, pois os resultados visualizados na forma de mapas são úteis para a formulação de propostas e melhorias no gerenciamento dos riscos. Devido às características existentes nas áreas de entorno das plantas industriais no Brasil e, dada a gravidade e extensão dos danos que possíveis acidentes podem causar à saúde humana, a problemática da vulnerabilidade aos acidentes tecnológicos pode e deve ser encarada como um assunto pertinente para Saúde Pública, sendo esta área do conhecimento capaz de contribuir na formulação de estratégias de controle e prevenção de tais fatalidades. O objetivo dessa dissertação foi a aplicação do mapeamento da vulnerabilidade da área de entorno do distrito industrial do município de Paulínia e, então, a identificação dos alvos mais sensíveis à ocorrência de acidentes, a ponderação da viabilidade da aplicação deste para o contexto brasileiro e seu uso como instrumento de gestão de uso do solo no entorno de plantas industriais. A metodologia baseou-se em revisão da literatura, composição de base de dados e uso de um Sistema de Informação Geográfica. Os principais resultados indicaram valores elevados de vulnerabilidades para áreas que estão fora do limite destinado ao uso industrial, definido pelo zoneamento do município, principalmente no que diz respeito à vulnerabilidade humana. Por fim, concluiu-se que o planejamento territorial que leve em consideração a vulnerabilidade é fator primordial na redução dos danos ocasionados pelos acidentes tecnológicos, sobretudo no entorno de plantas industriaisIndustrial facilities have a wide source of risk. Therefore, the understanding and management of them acquire great importance to guarantee the security levels. The vulnerability theme is relevant to the extent that its relationship with the risk concept allows the contextualization of the latter. The purpose of the vulnerability assessment is to describe, within a given context, the interaction between risks, the community and the environment. This kind of research provides subsidies for the development of programs and strategies for risk prevention and health promotion. Studies that emphasize the vulnerability of the surrounding areas of industrial plants are still scarce, but very important, because the results displayed in form of maps are useful to formulation of proposals and improvements in risk management. Due to the characteristics that are in the surrounding areas of industrial plants in Brazil and, considering the severity and extent of the damage that can cause possible injury to human health, the issue of vulnerability to technological accidents can and must be seen as a relevant subject to Public Health, and this area of knowledge can contribute to formulation of strategies for prevention and control of such fatalities. The purpose of this dissertation was the application of vulnerability mapping in the surrounding area of the industrial district at the Paulínia municipality and then, the identification of the more sensitivies targets to occurrence of accidents, the assessment of feasibility of applying this model to the Brazilian context and its use as a management tool in land use around plants. The methodology was based on a literature review, the composition of the database and the use of a Geographic Information System. The main results showed high vulnerability to areas outside limits for industrial use, defined by the municipality zoning, especially with regard to human vulnerability. Finally, it was concluded that territorial planning that takes into account the vulnerability is a key factor in reducing the damage caused by technological accidents, especially in surrounding areas of industrial plants
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Silva, Clodoveu Florentino da [UNESP]. "Influência da existência de refeitório no ambiente de trabalho sobre os acidentes de trajeto." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/132701.
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000851966.pdf: 2014959 bytes, checksum: 302671e03fe7fdb120d79533d609d563 (MD5)A pesquisa teve como objetivo avaliar os benefícios da existência de refeitórios no local de trablaho e da utilização de Programas de Qualidade no ambiente de trabalho, com enfoque no em estar dos funcionários e índice de acidentes (no local de trabalho e de trajeto). Para consecução dos objetivos foi feita uma revisão bibliográfica referente ao tema e foram pesquisados 15 empresas no interior de São Paulo. As pesquisas nas empresas foram realizadas através de questionários para os responsáveis pelos recursos humanos e para os funcionários das empresas. A inteção foi analisar se existe a correlação entre os acidentes de trabalho típico e de trajeto, com a existência ou não de refeitório no local de trabalho e Programas de Qualidade. Também se buscou analisar a relação dos refeitórios com os aspectos ligados a Qualidade de vida no trabalho (QVT)
The objective of this research is evaluate the benefits of the existence of canteens inside the companies andimplementation of Quality Programs, focusing into the well-being of the employees and index of accidents (commuting and at work place). In order to achieve this objective a bibliographical revision about the subject was made and a study of casein 10 companies in the centre-west region of São Paulo. The study of case had been carried out through two questionnaires, one for the responsible for the human resources and other for the employees. The intention was to analyze if exists correlation among working accidents including commuting accidents and the existence or not canteens and Quality Programs. Also, analyze the relation of the refectories with on aspects the Quality of Life at Work (QLW)
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Silva, Clodoveu Florentino da. "Influência da existência de refeitório no ambiente de trabalho sobre os acidentes de trajeto /." Bauru, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/132701.
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Orientador: Bárbara Stolte BezerraBanca: Luzenira Alves Brasileiro
Banca: Obede Borges Faria
Resumo: A pesquisa teve como objetivo avaliar os benefícios da existência de refeitórios no local de trablaho e da utilização de Programas de Qualidade no ambiente de trabalho, com enfoque no em estar dos funcionários e índice de acidentes (no local de trabalho e de trajeto). Para consecução dos objetivos foi feita uma revisão bibliográfica referente ao tema e foram pesquisados 15 empresas no interior de São Paulo. As pesquisas nas empresas foram realizadas através de questionários para os responsáveis pelos recursos humanos e para os funcionários das empresas. A inteção foi analisar se existe a correlação entre os acidentes de trabalho típico e de trajeto, com a existência ou não de refeitório no local de trabalho e Programas de Qualidade. Também se buscou analisar a relação dos refeitórios com os aspectos ligados a Qualidade de vida no trabalho (QVT)
Abstract: The objective of this research is evaluate the benefits of the existence of canteens inside the companies andimplementation of Quality Programs, focusing into the well-being of the employees and index of accidents (commuting and at work place). In order to achieve this objective a bibliographical revision about the subject was made and a study of casein 10 companies in the centre-west region of São Paulo. The study of case had been carried out through two questionnaires, one for the responsible for the human resources and other for the employees. The intention was to analyze if exists correlation among working accidents including commuting accidents and the existence or not canteens and Quality Programs. Also, analyze the relation of the refectories with on aspects the Quality of Life at Work (QLW)
Mestre
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Wright, David R. "Accident experience of Commonwealth Government employees in Western Australia : 1 June 1993 to 2 December 1995." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 1998. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1444.
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This quantitative study documents, analyses and discusses the accident experience of Commonwealth employees in Western Australia from 1 July 1993 to 2 December 1995 as recorded on 1663 accident report forms. The research addresses the problem of lack of knowledge of accidents in the Commonwealth sector of the Western Australian work force. Its purpose is to identify possible areas of health and safety improvement and highlight where accident frequency may be reduced. Risk management is adopted as a conceptual framework to explore categories of accident related data, including month of year, time of day, day of the week of accidents, number of years of job experience, age and gender of the worker, accident frequency and severity. Where applicable accident related data was subjected to Chi-square statistical tests. Important findings, amongst others, include the identification of the month of August as having a higher frequency of accidents, inexperienced Commonwealth workers incurring 80.5% of accidents, and 64% of accidents involving men. Such findings are of importance to the Commonwealth so that prevention strategies targeted at these areas can be developed. Additional research utilising national data is recommended.
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Jacka, Karen-Louise. "The effect of work-hardening on the physical work capacity of manual labourers within South African industry." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1016237.
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South Africa is a labour-intensive industrially developing country. As a result, in excess of 200 000 workers suffer from musculoskeletal injuries in a year. Research is thus essential to develop more effective strategies in the reduction and rehabilitation of occupational musculoskeletal disorders within industry. It was the hypothesis of this study that by improving the physical work capacity of manual labourers, through participation in an occupation specific work-hardening programme, that the ergonomic stress index and therefore the occurrence of musculoskeletal injuries within industry, may be reduced. Twenty-five male Black and Coloured manual labourers volunteered to participate in this study. In addition to in situ task analyses, the subjects participated in cardiovascular and strength assessments in the laboratory, both pre- and post-participation in the ten-week work-hardening programme. The data were statistically analyzed in order to identify any significant • improvements in the workers' physical work capacity, as measured by cardiovascular, strength and perceptual responses, following the period of work-hardening. Two significant reductions were noted in measures of working heart rate together with significant improvements in grip strength and trunk strength tested at a velocity of 60°.sec·1 at the post-conditioning assessments. In conclusion, the ten-week work-hardening programme resulted in nominal improvements in all the cardiovascular measures and significant improvements in the subjects' strength performance. However, industrialists must recognise that this study dealt with only one aspect of reducing the ergonomic stress index at the workplace and realise that, in addition to this focus, it remains essential to design the task to fit the human operator.