Journal articles on the topic 'Industrial accident investigation'
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Won, Jeong-Hun, Hyeon-Ji Jeong, WonSeok Kim, Seungjun Kim, Sung-Yong Kang, and Jong Moon Hwang. "Mechanisms Analysis for Fatal Accident Types Caused by Multiple Processes in the Workplace: Based on Accident Case in South Korea." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 18 (September 11, 2022): 11430. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191811430.
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This study aimed to develop the accident mechanism of fatal accidents taking place in multiple processes at the workplace. Multiple processes were defined as the existence of multiple work types and work processes in the same workspace. Recently, various processes are frequently conducted simultaneously in one workplace with the participation of several companies, and more workers are increasingly experiencing industrial accidents while working in multiple processes. To prevent accidents in the multiple processes caused by the sameness of work period and space, the accident process was investigated by analyzing the investigation reports on serious industrial accidents in South Korea, and then the accident mechanism model was developed. By utilizing the developed model, the major safety measures to be taken by the contractor for each of the 8 types of accidents caused by the multiple processes were drawn. The roles and responsibilities of the contractor to be implemented in order to prevent accident occurrence in multiple processes were proposed through the accident mechanism of each type of fatal accident. It is expected that the accidents taking place in the multiple processes can be prevented with the drawn results.
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Pałęga, Michał, and Marcin Knapinski. "Analysis of Circumstances and Causes of Accidents Working in a Selected Industrial Undertaking." New Trends in Production Engineering 2, no. 2 (December 1, 2019): 331–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ntpe-2019-0097.
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Abstract The subject of this publication is to analyze the circumstances and causes of accidents at work in a selected industrial enterprise that provides services in the field of waterjet cutting and laser beam. The paper present the statutory definition of an accident at work and its basic categories (light, heavy, mortal and collective accident). It also discusses the most popular accident investigation method – the TOL method, which classifies the causes of accidents into three basic groups: material-technical, organizational and human. In the further part of the work the characteristics of the waterjet operator’s work station were made, including the scope of activities, possible occupational hazards and preventive actions. Next, the results of the analysis of the circumstances and causes of accidents at work were presented. In the period from 2013 to 2018 eight accidents were reported, resulting in minor injuries, such as cuts and cuts, fracture of the phalanx, overloading of the spine, leg twisting or knee injury.
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Chen, Qing Guang, Guo Hua Chen, and Qing Ye. "Assessment Model of Accident Emergency Management System Performance for Chemical Industrial Park Based on Immune Mechanism." Applied Mechanics and Materials 321-324 (June 2013): 1894–902. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.321-324.1894.
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Chemical accidents happen in workplaces all around the world. To improve the accident emergency management system is an important methodology to reduce the casualty and loss caused by accidents. In the light of the principles of immune system, the paper tried to analyze the accident emergency management system of chemical industrial park. It elaborated the similarities between immune system and accident emergency management system in the aspects of their existing environment, action object, function and adjustment mechanism. Immune mechanisms were used to formulate the assessment indexes of accident emergency management system performance. Inspired by immune system that keeps the living body healthy in “no antigen condition” and “touching antigen condition”, the assessment index system was formulated from the perspectives of “non-emergency condition” and “emergency condition”. Through the improved analytic hierarchy process, the weights of assessment indexes were calculated. Furthermore, the linear weighted model was applied in the building of the assessment model, which was then used to analyze the accident emergency management system of a chemical industrial park in Guangdong province, China. Through the data from expert investigation questionnaires, the scores of nine assessment indexes reflected accident emergency management system performance were obtained. The result showed that the model is helpful in analyzing the accident emergency management system performance and in improving the accident emergency management system in chemical industrial parks.
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Rubin, Linda J. "Industrial Hygiene Program Management, VI: Illness and Accident Investigation." Applied Industrial Hygiene 3, no. 11 (November 1988): F—12—F—14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08828032.1988.10389847.
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Perminova, Olga M., Elena B. Lisina, and Natalya V. Selyunina. "USE OF INTERACTIVE METHODS FOR TEACHING SKILLS OF INDUSTRIAL ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION." XXI century. Technosphere Safety 3, no. 4 (December 2018): 32–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.21285/1814-3520-2018-4-32-39.
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Treeranurat, Wanit, and Suthathip Suanmali. "Determination of black spots by using accident equivalent number and upper control limit on rural roads of Thailand." Engineering Management in Production and Services 13, no. 4 (December 1, 2021): 57–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/emj-2021-0031.
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Abstract The Department of Rural Roads (DRR) is one of the highway authorities in Thailand responsible for over 48 000 kilometres of rural roads and highway networks. One of its responsibilities is to provide better road safety management. In road safety procedures, black spots are usually identified by observing the frequency of accidents at a particular road section. This research aims to develop a model that includes levels of accident severity in the black spot identification process. The classification of severity levels includes fatalities, serious injuries, minor injuries, and damaged property only. The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) is employed to derive the weight of each severity level. The identification model is developed using Equivalent Accident Number (EAN) and Upper Control Limit (UCL). The data applied in the model are obtained from the road accident investigation of DRR. Five roads — Nakhon Ratchasima 3052, Chonburi 1032, Nonthaburi 3021, Samutprakarn 2001 and Chiangmai 3029 — have been selected based on the top frequency accident recorded in the last three years. Based on the results of black spots identified in the study, most accidents occurred from frontal and rear-ended impacts due to exceeded speed limits. The article discusses recommendations.
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Kim, Sanghyun, and Chankyu Kang. "Analysis of the Complex Causes of Death Accidents Due to Mobile Cranes Using a Modified MEPS Method: Focusing on South Korea." Sustainability 14, no. 5 (March 3, 2022): 2948. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14052948.
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The convenience and efficiency of mobile cranes are expanding their applicability in industrial sites, but fatal accidents continue to occur as their use increases. There were 56 cases in South Korea from 2015 to 2019, killing 59 workers. To accurately investigate the cause of a fatal accident, accident investigation reports were used. Since they are used not only as the cause of the accident but also as a result of judicial treatment, only direct causes are mentioned. Thus, indirect causes in this study were separately analyzed to induce a complex cause analysis. The man-made, management, economic, physical, political, and social (MEPS) analysis method, developed by the National Institute of Disaster in South Korea, is a type of root cause analysis (RCA), used to derive the fundamental causes of various types of disasters, mainly social ones. The complex causes of fatal accidents were analyzed by applying a modified MEPS method to mobile cranes. The MEPS method investigated three categories, namely man-made, management, and physical factors, among six categories and a newly established level four, to find the root cause of fatal accidents. The analysis results showed that violations of procedures and regulations were the most frequent causes in the man-made factors. A lack of general and special safety education was the most common cause in the management factor, and the overturning, falling, and jamming of the mobile crane were the most frequent causes in the physical factor.
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Tymen, H., G. Rateau, K. Guillet, B. Ramounet-Le Gall, P. Gérasimo, and P. Fritsch. "Méthodes de mesure du transfert cutané des radionucléides au travers d'un épiderme intact ou lésé, application à la radiotoxicologie." Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 80, no. 7 (July 1, 2002): 733–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/y02-096.
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Although skin contamination by radionuclides is the most common cause of nuclear workers accidents, few studies dealing with the penetration of radioactive contamination through the skin are available. This work is a review of experimental methods that allow to assess transfer of radionuclides through the skin in occupational conditions, with or without skin trauma. The first section describes the different methods applied for skin transfer assessment of chemicals used in pharmacology. Major radionuclide contamination accidents can be associated with skin traumas. Thus, the second section describes the adaptation of these methods to radiotoxicology. Finally, the third section is an in vivo investigation of cobalt transfer (57CoCl2) through undamaged and damaged skin which simulates different industrial accident conditions (excoriation, acid or alcalin burn, scalding, branding).Key words: skin lesion, cobalt, percutaneous absorption, skin radiocontamination, Franz's cell.
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Porovsky, Ya V., V. I. Zhankova, A. I. Ryzhov, Ye V. Kalyanov, and F. F. Tetenev. "Changes in peripheral nervous system at participants of accident consequences elimination in Chernobyl APP and population of the Tomsk northern industrial center." Bulletin of Siberian Medicine 3, no. 4 (December 30, 2004): 71–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.20538/1682-0363-2004-4-71-80.
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A clinical, electroneuromyographic (ENMG) and pathomorphological investigation of 19 eliminators of accident consequences (EAC) in Chernobyl APP in 1986 and 27 Tomsk region inhabitants living in the accident area that has taken place at radiochemical plant of Siberian Chemical Complex in 1993 has been made with the aim of the influence study of low ionizing radiation levels on the peripheral nervous system. Symptoms of sensory polyneuropathy prevailed in both groups clinically. Mixed affection type has been found at EAC by ENGM method, affection of myelinic nerve fibre membrane has been found at people living in accident trace area. Morphofunctional changes in skin allow considering the role of immune system in mechanisms of neuroglial and neuronal damages, distant by time.
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Harms-Ringdahl, Lars. "Analysis of Results from Event Investigations in Industrial and Patient Safety Contexts." Safety 7, no. 1 (March 5, 2021): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/safety7010019.
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Accident investigations are probably the most common approach to evaluate the safety of systems. The aim of this study is to analyse event investigations and especially their recommendations for safety reforms. Investigation reports were studied with a methodology based on the characterisation of organisational levels and types of recommendations. Three sets of event investigations from industrial companies and hospitals were analysed. Two sets employed an in-depth approach, while the third was based on the root-cause concept. The in-depth approach functioned in a similar way for both industrial organisations and hospitals. The number of suggested reforms varied between 56 and 143 and was clearly greater for the industry. Two sets were from health care, but with different methodologies. The number of suggestions was eight times higher with the in-depth approach, which also addressed higher levels in the organisational hierarchy and more often safety management issues. The root-cause investigations had a clear emphasis on reforms at the local level and improvement of production. The results indicate a clear need for improvements of event investigations in the health care sector, for which some suggestions are presented.
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Abdrakhmanov, N. Kh, A. V. Fedosov, I. R. Danieva, A. S. Tikhonova, and R. R. Valeeva. "Business game as a form of effective labor protection training." SAFETY OF TECHNOGENIC AND NATURAL SYSTEMS, no. 4 (2020): 12–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.23947/2541-9129-2020-4-12-16.
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Introduction. The article analyzes the most likely damage from fatal industrial accidents. The analysis revealed the main cause of industrial accidents — violation of safety requirements during the organization of various works and their implementation in practice. A special role in the prevention of accidents is played by the process of employee training, which requires careful preparation. That is why, in order to minimize accidents and erroneous actions of personnel, it is proposed to introduce a new business game "Guardians of labor" into the practice of training. Problem Statement. The objectives of this research: creating a business game for learning and adapting security requirements at the enterprise; developing and comparing different options for evaluating security solutions; developing information analysis skills; developing the activity of game participants. Theoretical Part. Training in the form of a business game gives you the opportunity to work out the skills of analyzing information, evaluating and comparing different approaches to solving a problem. The authors of this study created a business game "Guardians of labor". It helps you to strengthen knowledge of occupational safety and health, fire safety, first aid and accident investigation. Conclusion. The proposed method helps improving the professional qualities of students, develops the ability to reasonably defend their opinions and analyze alternative approaches.
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ROMANISHYNA, O. V., and V. V. MYSLIBORSKYI. "INTRODUCTION OF A RISK-ORIENTED APPROACH TO THE DEFINITION OF THE OCCURRENCE THREAT AND POTENTIAL CONSEQUENCES OF THE TYPICAL SITUATIONS INFLUENCE IN THE CIVIL SAFETY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM." Ukrainian Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture, no. 2 (July 9, 2022): 68–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.30838/j.bpsacea.2312.260422.68.853.
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Problem statement. Emergencies of natural and technogenic nature in the form of industrial accidents, fires, explosions, releases of harmful and hazardous chemicals lead to health damage, fatal consequences, environmental pollution, destruction of buildings, structures and industrial facilities. Ukraine has a number of legislative and regulatory instruments for the application of emergency and accident risk analysis and assessment methods. These documents are aimed at the state supervisory authorities' assessment of the risks of natural phenomena and activities that are accompanied by emergencies and their negative impact on the population and the environment. According to Ukrainian legislation, a business entity identifies high-risk objects, must conduct a safety investigation and an emergencies risks assessment and their impact on people and environment. The business entity also prepares and submits to the local authorities a safety declaration of high-risk object. The purpose of the article. The article aims to consider the issue of emergency and accident risk analysis and its assessment methodology. Risk indicator analysis makes it possible to compare the actions of different hazard factors in terms of their nature, time of effect and consequences. The opportunity to highlight and focus on production facilities, technologies, natural systems to prevent emergencies related to them was appeared. Conclusions. The estimation of emergencies and accidents risks should be based on statistical data, on the results of control and supervision for the potentially dangerous objects technical condition, on the conclusions of emergencies monitoring and prediction, on the construction of a model for hazardous situations occurrence and impact and calculation of the consequences of its impact.
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Hlova, T., B. Hlova, A. Baranov, and O. Korolova. "Investigation of the stress-strain state of the wall and bottom of cylindrical tanks for the storage of explosive substances." Military Technical Collection, no. 27 (November 30, 2022): 53–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.33577/2312-4458.27.2022.53-59.
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Using the method of mathematical modeling, as well as the laws of thermodynamics, analytical dependences were obtained to study the stress-strain state of spherical tanks depending on the different surface temperatures of this structure. The calculations performed showed that the radial stresses are insignificant compared to the tangential ones, which act on tension. The greatest absolute value of tangential stresses is taken on the inner surface of the spherical structure, acting in tension and on the outer surface – compression. The investigation results are presented graphically.
Explosive and toxic substances are a major component of military bases stored in special-purposes tanks, namely spherical tanks, which are one of the most common. As a result of sabotage or arson of these tanks, there is a leak of toxic substances and the formation of steam and gas clouds which can lead to an explosion, significant thermal radiation, and the possibility of infection of military equipment, territory, and various objects in the vicinity of the accident, including personnel, which makes it impossible to conduct hostilities for a long time.
Analyzing the experience of accidents at similar facilities, several types of accidents of spherical gasholders during their depressurization are possible, namely: explosion, flare, fireball, fire of toxic substances and the presence of a saturated explosive cloud. Analyzing the extraordinary accidents in the places of storage of toxic, explosive substances and fuels and lubricants, which are related to the violation of their storage and exploitation, allows us to conclude that this is a global problem of today. Therefore, to prevent explosion and fire hazards, the strength of engineering structures that contain toxic and explosive substances are quite high requirements.
One of the main tasks in the general problem of explosion and fire safety is the ability to timely warn or prevent accidental explosions on building, military or explosion-proof structures, as well as personnel nearby. Therefore, the impact of temperature on special-purpose tanks due to sabotage, natural factors and abnormal cases on the strength characteristics of engineering structures of this type are important, both theoretically and practically.
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Hlova, T., M. Semerak, B. Hlova, and O. Korolova. "The investigation of the stress-strain state of special purpose capacities for storage of explosion and toxic substances under their heating." Military Technical Collection, no. 26 (June 23, 2022): 28–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.33577/2312-4458.26.2022.28-32.
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Using the method of mathematical modeling, as well as the laws of thermodynamics, analytical dependences were obtained to study the stress-strain state of spherical tanks depending on the different surface temperatures of this structure. The calculations performed showed that the radial stresses are insignificant compared to the tangential ones, which act on tension. The greatest absolute value of tangential stresses is taken on the inner surface of the spherical structure, acting in tension and on the outer surface – compression. The investigation results are presented graphically.
Explosive and toxic substances are a major component of military bases stored in special-purposes tanks, namely spherical tanks, which are one of the most common. As a result of sabotage or arson of these tanks, there is a leak of toxic substances and the formation of steam and gas clouds which can lead to an explosion, significant thermal radiation, and the possibility of infection of military equipment, territory, and various objects in the vicinity of the accident, including personnel, which makes it impossible to conduct hostilities for a long time.
Analyzing the experience of accidents at similar facilities, several types of accidents of spherical gasholders during their depressurization are possible, namely: explosion, flare, fireball, fire of toxic substances and the presence of a saturated explosive cloud. Analyzing the extraordinary accidents in the places of storage of toxic, explosive substances and fuels and lubricants, which are related to the violation of their storage and exploitation, allows us to conclude that this is a global problem of today. Therefore, to prevent explosion and fire hazards, the strength of engineering structures that contain toxic and explosive substances are quite high requirements.
One of the main tasks in the general problem of explosion and fire safety is the ability to timely warn or prevent accidental explosions on building, military or explosion-proof structures, as well as personnel nearby. Therefore, the impact of temperature on special-purpose tanks due to sabotage, natural factors and abnormal cases on the strength characteristics of engineering structures of this type are important, both theoretically and practically.
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D'Anniballe, A., J. Silva, P. Marzocca, and A. Ceruti. "The role of augmented reality in air accident investigation and practitioner training." Reliability Engineering & System Safety 204 (December 2020): 107149. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ress.2020.107149.
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Shapoval, Inna V., Liliya K. Karimova, Galina I. Tikhonova, Anastasiya N. Churanova, Tatyana N. Astrelina, Alina Z. Fagamova, Nadezhda A. Muldasheva, and Evelina A. Larionova. "Fatal industrial injuries in the Republic of Bashkortostan." Russian Journal of Occupational Health and Industrial Ecology 63, no. 1 (January 29, 2023): 39–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.31089/1026-9428-2023-63-1-39-46.
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Introduction. Every year, about 350 thousand people die in the workplace for reasons related to production all over the world. The significance of this problem dictates the need to analyze fatal occupational injuries in order to further develop a set of measures aimed at preventing it. The study aims to analyze fatal occupational injuries at enterprises of the Republic of Bashkortostan on the basis of personalized data as an information basis for the development and justification of priority areas for the prevention of accidents in the workplace. Materials and methods. For analyzing the indicators of general occupational injuries and fatal injuries, we used the results of the all-Russian monitoring of labor conditions and safety of the Ministry of Labor and Social Protection, Russian Federation, analytical materials of labor conditions and safety of the Ministry of Family, Labor and Social Protection of the Population of the Republic of Bashkortostan for the period 2017-2020. To assess the completeness of the accounting of occupational injuries in Russia and the Republic of Bashkortostan, the researchers used the ILO methodology "On assessing the reliability of statistics of accidents at work in countries with imperfect accounting". Based on the materials of 177 Acts on the investigation of fatal accidents (Form 4) provided by the State Labor Inspectorate in the Republic of Bashkortostan for the period 2017-2020, we have studied the circumstances and causes of the death of workers at work, their professional status and age-length characteristics. Results. The analysis of the dynamics of occupational injuries for 2017-2020 in the Russian Federation and the Republic of Bashkortostan showed a decrease in both total occupational injuries and fatal injuries, with a decrease in the frequency of worker deaths occurring at a faster pace. This provided an increase in the ratio of the total number of injuries to the number of fatal injuries, indicating an increase in the level of safety at enterprises and the quality of accounting for minor injuries. However, in 2020 the level of fatal industrial injuries in the Republic exceeded the same indicator in Russia by 25%. An in-depth analysis of fatal injuries based on accident investigation materials in the Republic of Bashkortostan for 2017-2020 showed that most often workers died in construction (0.77 per 1000 workers) and mining enterprises (0.75%) as a result of such types of accidents as traffic accidents, falling from a height, exposure to moving objects, flying rotating objects, parts, machines, etc. Specialists also observed a high level of fatal injuries in agriculture (0.58%), transport and storage enterprises (0.41%), water supply, sewerage (0.38%), etc. The main causes of fatal injuries were unsatisfactory organization of work (34.7%) and violation of traffic rules (29.2%). At the victim’s workplaces the researchers have identified a significant number of violations of labor protection requirements: the absence of special assessment of working conditions (SAWC), briefings and training on labor protection, violations of the work and rest regime, labor and industrial discipline, non-issuance of personal protective equipment (PPE) and the absence of mandatory preliminary and periodic medical examinations. Male workers were most often died (97.6%); in the profession of "driver"; at the age of 30-39 years. There is a very high proportion of victims with work experience of up to one year (44.6%). Almost 75% of the victims had less than 5 years of work experience. This indicates unsatisfactory training in occupational safety of newly hired workers, regardless of their age and previous experience at other enterprises. Conclusion. The in-depth analysis of fatal injuries at enterprises of the Republic of Bashkortostan showed the need to develop a set of targeted occupational safety measures aimed at reducing the level of occupational injuries, taking into account the most traumatic types of economic activity, the most frequent types of accidents and causes of accidents. In addition, special attention should be paid to the training of safe methods and techniques for performing the work of low-skilled workers, as well as the organization of checking the knowledge of traffic rules among drivers of vehicles.
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Litnovsky, Andrey, Felix Klein, Xiaoyue Tan, Janina Ertmer, Jan W. Coenen, Christian Linsmeier, Jesus Gonzalez-Julian, et al. "Advanced Self-Passivating Alloys for an Application under Extreme Conditions." Metals 11, no. 8 (August 9, 2021): 1255. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met11081255.
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Self-passivating Metal Alloys with Reduced Thermo-oxidation (SMART) are under development for the primary application as plasma-facing materials for the first wall in a fusion DEMOnstration power plant (DEMO). SMART materials must combine suppressed oxidation in case of an accident and an acceptable plasma performance during the regular operation of the future power plant. Modern SMART materials contain chromium as a passivating element, yttrium as an active element and a tungsten base matrix. An overview of the research and development program on SMART materials is presented and all major areas of the structured R&D are explained. Attaining desired performance under accident and regular plasma conditions are vital elements of an R&D program addressing the viability of the entire concept. An impressive more than 104-fold suppression of oxidation, accompanied with more than 40-fold suppression of sublimation of tungsten oxide, was attained during an experimentally reproduced accident event with a duration of 10 days. The sputtering resistance under DEMO-relevant plasma conditions of SMART materials and pure tungsten was identical for conditions corresponding to nearly 20 days of continuous DEMO operation. Fundamental understanding of physics processes undergone in the SMART material is gained via fundamental studies comprising dedicated modeling and experiments. The important role of yttrium, stabilizing the SMART alloy microstructure and improving self-passivating behavior, is under investigation. Activities toward industrial up-scale have begun, comprising the first mechanical alloying with an industrial partner and the sintering of a bulk SMART alloy sample with dimensions of 100 mm × 100 mm × 7 mm using an industrial facility. These achievements open the way to further expansion of the SMART technology toward its application in fusion and potentially in other renewable energy sources such as concentrated solar power stations.
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Shapran, Yurii. "Using of Imitational Teaching Technologies in the Process of Future Labour Specialists Professional Training." Professional Education: Methodology, Theory and Technologies, no. 9 (February 28, 2019): 244–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.31470/2415-3729-2019-9-244-258.
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The objective of this abstract was to determine the features of the using of the imitational technologies in the educational process of labor protection specialists. The theoretical (scientific literature analysis, modeling of specific situations, synthesis and comparison, evaluation and synthesis of collected facts) and empirical (observation, questioning, testing, questioning, conversation, problem solving, game interaction) analyzing methods were used as the main ones. The features of the active teaching methods using were determined. The experience of their implementation in the educational process is discussed. It is proved that the interpersonal interaction of students in the process of vocational training contributes to very many important things. Such things are: the effective formation of skills for emergencies forecasting at military and construction objects, social and educational institutions, industrial enterprises of various forms of ownership; the development of life strategies in order to minimize these destructive influences; the development of adequate measures to prevent possible emergencies etc. The experience of the «Accident at the enterprise» simulation technology using is discussed. An algorithm is proposed which consists of the next stages for the implementation of educational technology: the definition of a goal; the necessary material and equipment selection; the familiarization with the simulation problem content; the normative base of business activity studying; the creation of the investigation expert accident commission; an analysis of the materials received and the investigation of the root causes that led to an accident; the reveal of the officials who committed violations; the development of recommendations for elimination of the revealed violations; summing up and issues discussing. It is important to take into account that the simulation training technologies are the most effective when students acquire future professional activity experience, and analyze the possible variants of activity in the industrial, educational and social spheres. The author notes that the studying of the essential training technologies simulation features provided an opportunity to determine the main advantages of their use in the practice of future labor specialists training.
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Choi, Kyoungho, and Jinhee Choi. "Investigation of Radiation Safety Pictogram Recognition in Daily Life." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 4 (February 23, 2021): 2166. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18042166.
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After the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear accident of 2011, interest regarding radiation safety in everyday life has increased considerably. This study investigates the general public’s current level of awareness of six warning pictograms in regard to medical and natural radiation safety utilized under ISO 7010, as per Korea industrial regulations. Namely, it tests whether survey respondents can recognize pictograms related to radiation safety according to their purpose, as their inability to do so poses a serious safety problem. The empirical analysis results regarding the awareness levels for radiation safety pictograms are as follows. First, 63.3% of the respondents were unable to correctly identify the pictograms; that is, their level of understandings of the six pictograms related to everyday radiation were low. Second, the mean score for the correct responses to the question of what the six pictograms indicated in relation to everyday radiation safety was also relatively low, with a mean score of 2.79 and a standard deviation of 1.447. The primary reasons for the low awareness and understanding levels were identified to be insufficient education related to radiation safety in schools. Additionally, it is necessary to revise and rectify current warning pictograms established by the Korea Industrial Standards and ISO 7010. This study is thus significant in that it identifies the level of understanding of the pictograms and suggests the need for improvement as a diversified effort toward improving everyday radiation safety.
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Gulino, Michelangelo-Santo, Giovanni Zonfrillo, Krzysztof Damaziak, and Dario Vangi. "Exploring Performances of Electric Micro-Mobility Vehicles and Behavioural Patterns of Riders for In-Depth Accident Analysis." Designs 5, no. 4 (October 14, 2021): 66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/designs5040066.
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(1) Background: Electric micro-mobility vehicles (i.e., e-bikes and e-scooters) represent a fast-growing portion of the circulating fleet, leading to a multiplication of accident cases also attributable to risky behaviours adopted by the riders. Still, data on vehicle performance and rider behaviour are sparse and difficult to interpret (if not unavailable). Information regarding the overall accident dynamics can, however, aid in identifying users’ risky riding behaviour that actually led to a harmful event, allowing one to propose efficient strategies and policies to reduce the occurrence of road criticalities. (2) Methods: Speed and acceleration data of six cyclists of traditional and electric bikes were extracted from six closed-circuit experiments and real road tests performed in the city of Florence (Italy) to derive their behavioural patterns in diverse road contexts. (3) Results: The application of analysis of variance and linear regression procedures to such data highlights differences between men and women in terms of performance/behaviour in standing start; additionally, the use of e-bikes favours a higher speed ride in correspondence to roundabouts and roads with/without the right of way. To thoroughly assess the rider’s responsibilities in an eventual accident, an ancillary procedure was highlighted to evaluate whether a micro-mobility vehicle complies with the applicable regulations. (4) Conclusion: With these results, the prospective recognition of rider behaviour was facilitated during the investigation process, and the abilities to extract such relevant information from in-depth accident data wereconsequently enhanced.
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Nowakowska, M., and M. Pajecki. "Latent class analysis for identification of occupational accident casualty profiles in the selected Polish manufacturing sector." Advances in Production Engineering & Management 16, no. 4 (December 18, 2021): 485–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.14743/apem2021.4.415.
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The objective of the analysis is identifying profiles of occupational accident casualties as regards production companies to provide the necessary knowledge to facilitate the preparation and management of a safe work environment. Qualitative data characterizing employees injured in accidents registered in Polish wood processing plants over a period of 10 years were the subject of the research. The latent class analysis (LCA) method was employed in the investigation. This statistical modelling technique, based on the values of selected indicators (observed variables) divides the data set into separate groups, called latent classes, which enable the definition of patterns. A procedure which supports the decision as regards the number of classes was presented. The procedure considers the quality of the LCA model and the distinguishability of the classes. Moreover, a method of assessing the importance of indicators in the patterns description was proposed. Seven latent classes were obtained and illustrated by the heat map, which enabled the profiles identification. They were labelled as follows: very serious, serious, moderate, minor (three latent classes), slight. Some recommendations were made regarding the circumstances of occupational accidents with the most severe consequences for the casualties.
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Lonsky, O. V., and M. Yu Liskova. "Safety issues in the crushing and sorting mills of quarries based on the results of forensic technical examinations." Mining informational and analytical bulletin, no. 3-1 (March 20, 2020): 116–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.25018/0236-1493-2020-31-0-116-126.
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The state of mining enterprises of the Russian Federation, despite the development of high-performance equipment and high-efficiency technologies, the use of modern technical means of monitoring the production environment and other measures, is characterized by the preservation of a high level of severe and fatal injuries. An analysis of the accident investigation shows that prior to 90 % injuries and accidents are caused by staff misconduct, including 60 % due to misconceptions about the actual level of danger. This is because the lack of reliable information at all levels of the production system hierarchy does not allow reliable forecasting and timely prevention of dangerous production situations. It is known that the conduct of forensic technical examinations on labour protection in criminal cases related to accidents at work greatly facilitates the work of the investigator. The purpose of this work was to identify safety problems at crushing and sorting factories of quarries based on the results of forensic technical examinations. The work includes an analysis of the results of technical examinations on labor protection of two fatal accidents that occurred in 2016-2017 at transport systems of crushing mills of two quarries of Perm region and conclusions on them are drawn. The main safety problems at the crushing and sorting mills of quarries were identified and recommendations were proposed.
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Fomina, E. E. "Degree of Guilt of the Participants in the Industrial Injury. Research Results." Occupational Safety in Industry, no. 9 (September 2022): 34–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.24000/0409-2961-2022-9-34-39.
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According to the analysis of the materials of the investigation of industrial injury at hazardous production facilities of the oil and gas complex, the main cause of industrial injury is unsatisfactory organization of production of works. In most cases, the actions of the injured employee himself lead to his injury. In accordance with the labor legislation, the employer has the right to terminate the employment contract upon the establishment of violations of the requirements of industrial safety by the employee, which led to injury or accident. Extensive judicial practice in resolving disputes on the dismissal of an employee on compensation for material and moral damage to employees who suffered from an incident indicates the existence of gaps in the legislation and the need to address them. In order to protect the rights of the employee and the employer in the event of an industrial injury (when establishing the fact of gross negligence of the employee that led to the industrial injury), the work defines the threshold values for the degree of guilt: an employee in an industrial injury, in which the employer is not entitled to refuse to compensate the employee for moral damage caused in connection with the industrial injury — less than 55 %; an employee in an industrial injury, in which the employer is not entitled to dismiss the employee — less than 75 %; employer, which excludes its full administrative and criminal liability — 10 % or less. The results were obtained based on the expert assessment methods (experts from more than 30 oil and gas companies, as well as the representatives of the trade union, insurers, and the state labor inspectorate) and mathematical statistics. The results of the research can be applied: at hazardous production facilities of the oil and gas complex as part of the improvement of integrated systems for managing occupational safety and industrial safety in terms of the procedure for investigating incidents; in judicial practice when deciding on the guilt of participants in incidents.
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Cacciabue, P. C. "Human error risk management for engineering systems: a methodology for design, safety assessment, accident investigation and training." Reliability Engineering & System Safety 83, no. 2 (February 2004): 229–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ress.2003.09.013.
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Chi, Jen-Hao, Sheng-Hung Wu, Jean-Claude Charpentier, Yet-Pole I, and Chi-Min Shu. "Thermal hazard accident investigation of hydrogen peroxide mixing with propanone employing calorimetric approaches." Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries 25, no. 1 (January 2012): 142–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jlp.2011.07.008.
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Rydstedt Nyman, Monika, and Magnus Johansson. "Merits of using a socio-technical system perspective and different industrial accident investigation methods on accidents following natural hazards – A case study on pluvial flooding of a Swedish railway tunnel 2013." International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction 13 (September 2015): 189–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2015.06.004.
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Hosmer, Larue Tone. "Lessons From The Wreck Of The Exxon Valdez." Ruffin Series of the Society for Business Ethics 1 (1998): 109–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/ruffinx1998112.
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Investigations of large scale industrial accidents generally take one of two alternative approaches to identifying the cause or causes of those destructive events. The first is legal analysis, which focuses on the mechanical failure or human error that immediately preceded the accident. The second is socio-technical reasoning, which centers on the complexities of the interlocking technological and organizational systems that brought about the accident. Both are retrospective, and provide little insight into the means of avoiding industrial accidents in the future. This article looks at six levels of managerial responsibility within a firm, and suggests specific changes at all levels that should logically help in the prevention or mitigation of these high impactllow probability events. The most basicneed, however, is for imagination, empathy, and courage at the most senior level of the firm.
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Chakraborty, Anirban, Ahmed Ibrahim, and Ana Maria Cruz. "A study of accident investigation methodologies applied to the Natech events during the 2011 Great East Japan earthquake." Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries 51 (January 2018): 208–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jlp.2018.01.003.
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Huang, Yi-Hao, Jen-Hao Chi, and Chi-Min Shu. "Calorimetric investigation of a thermal hazard accident involving the heat insulation material in a crude oil piping system." Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries 56 (November 2018): 170–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jlp.2018.08.020.
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Lim, Jeeyoung, Dae Gyo Jung, Chansik Park, and Dae Young Kim. "Computer Vision Process Development regarding Worker’s Safety Harness and Hook to Prevent Fall Accidents: Focused on System Scaffolds in South Korea." Advances in Civil Engineering 2022 (July 31, 2022): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/4678479.
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In South Korea, industrial accidents continue to increase in frequency, with construction accidents accounting for more than a third of all industrial accidents. Specifically, by preventing fall accidents, the death rate from accidents can be reduced by 50%. Fall protection is required to prevent fall accidents, and investigating the reinforcement of the worker’s safety harness and hook fastening becomes imperative. This requires automation of computer vision confirmation of the safety harness and hook fastening. As the accident risk can be reduced by an effective safety culture in the system, it is necessary to monitor safety on site through a construction safety automation system. Therefore, the objective of this study is to develop a computer vision process for safety harness and hook for preventing fall accidents in South Korea’s construction industry. This study focuses on system scaffolds that are widely used at construction sites. The application of this methodology to sample sites and field cases established its applicability. The proposed computer vision application methodology will serve as the foundation for visualization research in the construction industry, and image recognition will help reduce the safety accident rate. Accidents caused by failure to use a safety harness and hook can be reduced in South Korea as well as globally. Additionally, this methodology is applicable to roof construction, tower crane installation and dismantling work, as well as steel tower installation and dismantling.
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Gholamizadeh, Kamran, Leili Tapak, Iraj Mohammadfam, and Ahmad Soltanzadeh. "Investigating the Work-related Accidents in Iran: Analyzing and Comparing the Factors Associated With the Duration of Absence From Work." Iranian Rehabilitation Journal 20, no. 4 (March 6, 2023): 589–600. http://dx.doi.org/10.32598/irj.20.4.1739.1.
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Objectives: Work-related accidents as one of the most prominent indicators of safety and health in the industry play an undeniable role in developing and improving the quality of industrial health management. Therefore, their accurate analysis on a large scale is essential. To provide controlling solutions, we aimed to investigate the causes of occupational accidents in Iran for 10 years (2007-2017). Methods: At first, the reports of 10-year work-related accidents were taken from the Social Security Organization, then classified, and entered into SPSS software, version 18.0. Analyses were performed in two stages. Descriptive analyses were initially performed and then multivariate Cox regression was implemented to determine the significance of the effects of the identified factors. Accordingly, six parameters including the cause of the occurrence, gender, type of insurance, time of the accident, marital status, and type of accident were extracted as the effective factors. Next, the effect of each parameter was examined using multivariate Cox regression with a 95% confidence interval. Results: The findings showed that falls and slips (18.3%) and physical strikes (14.6%) were the most common causes of accidents, and carelessness (61.9%) and equipment density (21.1%) had the strongest impact on accidents. Accidents had the highest incidence rate from 9 AM to noon (34.77%). The findings also showed that accident location (P<0.001), cause of the accident (P<0.001), type of insurance (P<0.001), and age (P<0.001) had significant effects on the duration of absence from work. Moreover, the findings demonstrated that the mental condition of workers and workplace design/layout had the strongest impacts on the rate of accidents. Discussion: to control and reduce the risk of occupational accidents, appropriate working situations should be provided.
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Koo, Chae-Chil, Dong-Hyun Seo, and Pil-Hyeok Lee. "Analysis of Explosion Accidents in a Chemical Plant using STAMP, a Systematic Cause-and-effect Analysis Technique." Fire Science and Engineering 35, no. 5 (October 31, 2021): 17–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.7731/kifse.ff34dc1f.
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The process safety management system for chemical plants was introduced approximately 25 years ago. With the improvement in the safety management levels for the safe operation of the chemical plants, the number of serious industrial accidents has gradually decreased; however, increased damages have been observed when accidents do occur. The cause of accidents has also increased in cases where several factors, including social and cultural factors, are complexly related, in addition to facility and human factors. The need for an overall integrated systemic approach related to society, technology, and organization, and a sequential approach for finding the direct cause of accidents, is growing while analyzing the accidents. For this reason, foreign countries have introduced and applied a method to analyze accidents in an integrated manner from a systemic point of view; however, reports of cases or research results used in Korea. In this study, the case of explosion accidents, which occurred during a trial operation at a domestic chemical plant, was analyzed using Systems-Theoretic Accident Model and Processes, a systematic accident analysis technique, to reveal the primary cause, organizational, and operational problems, so that it can be used for future investigations when other accidents occur.
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Terzuoli, F., M. C. Galassi, D. Mazzini, and F. D'Auria. "CFD Code Validation against Stratified Air-Water Flow Experimental Data." Science and Technology of Nuclear Installations 2008 (2008): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2008/434212.
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Pressurized thermal shock (PTS) modelling has been identified as one of the most important industrial needs related to nuclear reactor safety. A severe PTS scenario limiting the reactor pressure vessel (RPV) lifetime is the cold water emergency core cooling (ECC) injection into the cold leg during a loss of coolant accident (LOCA). Since it represents a big challenge for numerical simulations, this scenario was selected within the European Platform for Nuclear Reactor Simulations (NURESIM) Integrated Project as a reference two-phase problem for computational fluid dynamics (CFDs) code validation. This paper presents a CFD analysis of a stratified air-water flow experimental investigation performed at the Institut de Mécanique des Fluides de Toulouse in 1985, which shares some common physical features with the ECC injection in PWR cold leg. Numerical simulations have been carried out with two commercial codes (Fluent and Ansys CFX), and a research code (NEPTUNE CFD). The aim of this work, carried out at the University of Pisa within the NURESIM IP, is to validate the free surface flow model implemented in the codes against experimental data, and to perform code-to-code benchmarking. Obtained results suggest the relevance of three-dimensional effects and stress the importance of a suitable interface drag modelling.
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Alam, AKM Jakirul, Asifur Rahman, M. Moududul Haque, ATM Mosharef Hossain, and Ziaul Islam. "Economic Burden of Head Injury Patients Attending a Tertiary Level Hospital in a Developing Country Like Bangladesh." Bangladesh Journal of Neuroscience 30, no. 2 (July 31, 2014): 104–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjn.v30i2.57394.
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Objective: Objective of the study was to estimate the economic burden of head injury (HI) patients attending a tertiary level hospital. This study also tried to determine the socio-demographic characteristics, to estimate direct and indirect cost incurred by the head injury patients and to assess economic burden by different types of accidents causing head injury.
Methods:The study was a cross-sectional descriptive study carried out to estimate the economic burden of head injury patients attending a tertiary level hospital during the period from January to June 2010, conducted at the neurosurgery department of Dhaka Medical College Hospital (DMCH). All the conscious head injury patients of both sexes, treated in Neurosurgery department of DMCH, willing to participate in the study were included in the study. Convenience type of non-probability sampling technique was followed and sample size of this study was 110. Face to face interview was conducted with the patient and / or attendant for data collection and specific pre-designed semi-structured and pre-tested questionnaire was used for the interview session. After Categorizing, coding, cleaning and summarizing, all data were analyzed by the software SPSS windows program version 12.0.
Result: More than half (53.6%) of the patients of this study, were in younger age group (21 to 30 years) with mean (±SD) age of 29.1(±8.36) years. Majority of the patients (69.0%) were males, Average monthly family income of the patients was Tk.14,509.09 (±5762.49). Majority (36.4%) of the patients had primary level education while 20.9% were housewives. Major incidences of different types of accidents included road traffic accident (63.6%), assault (20.0%), industrial accident (8.0%) and fall from height (8.0%). Average length of the stay of the patients in the hospital was 7.43 (±3.64) days. In respect of direct cost, average travel cost incurred by the patients was Tk.3,628.18 (±2055.56), average drug cost was Tk.1,618 (±801.51), average laboratory investigation cost was Tk.2390 (±626.47) and average cost of food was Tk.2235.45 (±1208.19). Average direct treatment cost incurred by the patients was Tk.9590.10 (±4041.13). The average duration of absent from work place was 7.07 (±3.316) days and most of the patients average daily income (self) was Tk.340.65 (±158.97). Average loss of income due to illness was Tk.2415.32(±1623.68) and average cost behind giving tips to hospital staff by the patients was Tk.221.50 (±78.34). The average indirect cost of these study patients was Tk.2001.72 (±1869.27). Overall, average treatment cost incurred by the patients was Tk.12,008.05 (±5051.95). Majority (38.0%) had a cost from Tk10001 to Tk.15000.
Conclusion: The study finding can help policy makers, public health specialists, future researchers and enthusiastic individuals to formulate specific strategies for reduction of economic burden of head injury patients by providing cost-effective health care services throughout the country.
Bangladesh Journal of Neuroscience 2014; Vol. 30 (2): 104-111
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Barré, François, Claude Grandjean, Marc Petit, and Jean-Claude Micaelli. "Fuel R&D Needs and Strategy towards a Revision of Acceptance Criteria." Science and Technology of Nuclear Installations 2010 (2010): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/646971.
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The study of fuel behaviour under accidental conditions is a major concern in the safety analysis of the Pressurised Water Reactors. The consequences of Design Basis Accidents, such as Loss of Coolant Accident and Reactivity Initiated Accident, have to be quantified in comparison to the safety criteria. Those criteria have been established in the 1970s on the basis of experiments performed with fresh or low irradiated fuel. Starting in the 1990s, the increased industrial competition and constraints led utilities to use fuel in more and more aggressive conditions (higher discharge burnup, higher power, load follow, etc.) and create incentive conditions for the development of advanced fuel designs with improved performance (new fuel types with additives, cladding material with better resistance to corrosion, etc.). These long anticipated developments involved the need for new investigations of irradiated fuel behaviour in order to check the adequacy of the current criteria, evaluate the safety margins, provide new technical bases for modelling and allow an evolution of these criteria. Such an evolution is presently under discussion in France and several other countries, in view of a revision in the next coming years. For this purpose, a R&D strategy has been defined at IRSN.
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Małysa, Tomasz, and Joanna Furman. "Visual Solutions as a Way to Improve Work Safety When Using Machines – Selected Aspects of VM." Management Systems in Production Engineering 31, no. 1 (February 18, 2023): 53–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/mspe-2023-0007.
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Abstract The issue of ensuring work safety during the use of machines plays a key role due to the recorded accident events, the source of which are the machines in use. In the scope of reducing the risk associated with machines, particular attention should be paid to the threats, as well as solutions allowing to limit their negative impact on the operator. The study presents the possibility of using visual management (VM) as a form of information transfer that allows to meet the requirements set out in legal regulations, as well as reduce the risk of accidents. The machines in question were assessed for the possibility of using various forms of visual management to reduce the risk of accidents. The investigations were also supplemented with an analysis of accident statistics to present the importance of using visual management in improving the safety of machine operators' work. The conducted analyzes allowed to determine the direction of activities in the use of various forms of visual management aimed at improving the safety of machine operators.
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Kim, Jin-Soo. "Ignition Mechanism of Combustible Materials in Welding and Fusing." National Fire Research Institute of Korea 3 (December 31, 2022): 157–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.54713/jfri.2022.3.157.
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In recent years, many fire incidents caused by carelessness toward welding and fusing safety have occurred at industrial sites in Korea. This negligence has led to large-scale fires, resulting in devastating and irreversible national social losses. To address this issue, a safety awareness investigation was conducted by surveying welders and analyzing the major fire accidents caused by welding. In addition, a more accurate fire-generation mechanism for sandwich panels, urethane foam, and nonwoven fabrics was scientifically derived by conducting fire reproduction tests in which combustibles were surrounded by sparks during welding. Measures to prevent accidental fires were also devised.
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Hanan, Saad, Waqas Sardar, Raza Muhammad Khan, Abdul Haseeb, Sajjad Ali Khan, and Muhammad Younas Khan. "A Descriptive Investigation of the Prevalence of Neurological Disorders in People Treated Hemodialysis for End-Stage Renal Disease." Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 16, no. 7 (July 30, 2022): 917–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs22167917.
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Objectives: Patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) who were receiving hemodialysis were the subjects of a study to determine the neurological effects of the treatment. Methodology: ESRD patients at the Institute of kidney diseases hayatabad peshawar were the subjects of this descriptive research, which ran from jan to Dec 2021. Before participating in the trial, all Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) patients had been on Hemodialysis (HD) for at least six months. HD patients were monitored for a total of six months in this study. Neurological events were observed and recorded at this period. All patients on HD, regardless of gender or age, were included in this research, which was conducted between the ages of 17 and 77. In this research, patients under the age of 15 years, those with acute renal failure, congestive cardiac failure, cirrhosis of the liver, malignancy, disseminated intravascular coagulation, sepsis, meningitis, or encephalitis, were all ruled out as candidates for inclusion. The data was analysed using SPSS version 2.2. Results: Intradialytic hypotension, Cerebrovascular accident, Encephalopathy, Dialysis dementia, Neuropathy, Dialysis disequilibrium, Reversible leukoencephalopathy, Central pontine myelinosis, Autonomic dysfunction, and Myopathy were the most common neurological consequences. Conclusions: Our patients on hemodialysis suffer from the most prevalent neurological complication: Intradialytic hypotension. While the long-term result and prognosis of this group may be affected by cerebrovascular illnesses and Dialysis dementias, it is important to examine them as soon as possible. Keywords: neurological problems, (ESRD),frequency, hemodialysis , end-stage renal disease.
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Pasman, Hans J., William J. Rogers, and M. Sam Mannan. "How can we improve process hazard identification? What can accident investigation methods contribute and what other recent developments? A brief historical survey and a sketch of how to advance." Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries 55 (September 2018): 80–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jlp.2018.05.018.
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Puchkova, V. V. "Legal problems arising in the field of investigation of industrial accidents." Право и государство: теория и практика, no. 12 (2021): 43–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.47643/1815-1337_2021_12_43.
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Puchkova, V. V. "Legal problems arising in the field of investigation of industrial accidents." Право и государство: теория и практика, no. 12 (2021): 43–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.47643/1815-1337_2021_12_43.
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Puchkova, V. V. "Legal problems arising in the field of investigation of industrial accidents." Право и государство: теория и практика, no. 12 (2021): 43–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.47643/1815-1337_2021_12_43.
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Carrillo-Castrillo, Jesús A., Juan C. Rubio-Romero, Luis Onieva, and Antonio López-Arquillos. "The Causes of Severe Accidents in the Andalusian Manufacturing Sector: The Role of Human Factors in Official Accident Investigations." Human Factors and Ergonomics in Manufacturing & Service Industries 26, no. 1 (December 5, 2014): 68–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hfm.20614.
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Lee, Kyung-Sun, and Seung Nam Min. "Investigation of the Occupational Safety and Health act by Accidents Types of Industrial Accidents : Case Study." Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea 38, no. 2 (April 30, 2019): 129–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.5143/jesk.2019.38.2.129.
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Wang, Ben, Weixin Liang, Zhiguang Guo, and Weimin Liu. "Biomimetic super-lyophobic and super-lyophilic materials applied for oil/water separation: a new strategy beyond nature." Chemical Society Reviews 44, no. 1 (2015): 336–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4cs00220b.
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Zecevic, Aleksandra A., Alan W. Salmoni, John H. Lewko, and Anthony A. Vandervoort. "Seniors Falls Investigative Methodology (SFIM): A Systems Approach to the Study of Falls in Seniors." Canadian Journal on Aging / La Revue canadienne du vieillissement 26, no. 3 (2007): 281–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/cja.26.3.281.
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ABSTRACTAn in-depth understanding of human factors and human error is lacking in current research on seniors' falls. Additional knowledge is needed to understand why seniors are falling. The purpose of this article is to describe the adapting of the Integrated Safety Investigation Methodology (ISIM) (used for investigating transportation and industrial accidents) to studying seniors' falls. An adapted version—the Seniors Falls Investigative Methodology (SFIM)—uses a systems approach to take an investigation beyond the immediate cause of an incident and reveal unsafe acts and deeply imbedded unsafe conditions that contribute to adverse outcomes. An example case study is used to describe six phases of the investigative process in detail. The SFIM has the potential to identify safety deficiencies; utilize existing knowledge about falls; establish a standardized reporting system; shift focus from the faller to the system; and guide targeted prevention.
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Đorđević, Branislav, and Saša Mitić. "The possibility of traffic accident reconstruction using event data Recorders: A review." Industrija 49, no. 3-4 (2021): 99–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/industrija49-35974.
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Event Data Recorders (EDRs) have been used for the purpose of investigating traffic accidents for more than 20 years. Some countries have regulated their application by law, and they are a valid evidence during investigations and reconstructions. However, recording devices are used as a source of information, not as a database from which it is possible to reconstruct the event. Investigations using only recording devices are still not possible due to the some phenomena that exist, and due to the constructional features of the devices. Scientists from Japan and Poland tested the accuracy of the data from the devices and performed reconstructions of accidents. Both teams have established that it is possible to perform reconstruction only in simple situations, such as a straight-line crash of one vehicle into another. When there are several participants in a crash, or a crash was preceded by a maneuver, it is not possible to determine what really happened. Further development of data recording devices is necessary, in order to increase their efficiency during the reconstruction of traffic accidents.
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Katerna, Olga. "Research of market development of intelligent transport systems in the world." Economics of Development 17, no. 3 (November 28, 2018): 17–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ed.17(3).2018.02.
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The issues of the development of intelligent transport systems (ITS) in the world as an instrument for ensuring social and economic growth of the state have been investigated. The essence and role of the structure of management of intellectual systems in different countries has been described and common features of their implementation have been determined. To solve the research problems, the following methods have been applied: systematic, dialectic, synthesis and generalization and scientific abstraction. To achieve the goal in the research methods have been applied on the systems approach, management theory and decision theory. System analysis has been used to identify the scientific problem. The results of the investigation have allowed the author to determine that there are problems with increasing traffic in large cities, high accident rates, high traffic growth, poor quality of traffic management, transport services, and how ITS helps to solve these problems. The results of the analysis have proved that mechanisms of ITS implementation in different countries is differ, but the key elements can be watch common: public private partnership; presence in the developed countries of the world of priority programs for the development of ITS; mandatory formation of uniform unified standards; the creation of a state coordinating body whose main function is to protect and promote the interests of the country and beyond its borders; the creation of independent groups or organizations (the majority on the basis of scientific institutions) such as “ITS America”, “ERTICO” in Europe, “ITS Japan”; industrial base in the field of development as a technical and information component, as well as cooperation in developing or participating in the field of geoinformation support. It is important to conduct an analysis of the ITS market volume in the world in 2008 – 2017 years in mln. dol. USA and a detailed analysis of the geography distribution in 2017. The implementation of the ITS begins with institutional changes, so giving them the status of a national project and developing the appropriate state program for the creation of multi-year development plans that have the goal of developing science and technology in the country can form the basis for a recommendation when implementing ITS in Ukraine.
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Zhao, Hui, Zhiyong Yin, Rong Chen, Huipeng Chen, Cui Song, Guangyu Yang, and Zhengguo Wang. "Investigation of 184 passenger car–pedestrian accidents." International Journal of Crashworthiness 15, no. 3 (July 26, 2010): 313–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13588260903335290.
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Nahorna, A. M., and N. V. Savenkova. "Natural death of the employees at workplace in Ukraine in the dynamics of 2015-2020." Environment & Health 100 (3) (September 2021): 13–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.32402/dovkil2021.03.013.
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Introduction: In recent years, there has been a gradual decline in occupational traumatism in Ukraine, but an in-depth analysis of the data shows that statistics does not fully reveal the complexity of the current situation on occupational traumatism and the quality of its registration and record-keeping, especially in case of sudden death at a workplace. According to the Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of April 17, 2019 № 337 on «Procedure for investigation and record-keeping of the incidents, occupational diseases, and accidents at the production» (with changes made in accordance with the Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers № 1, 05.01.2021) the amendments were made where the circumstances of an accident and / or acute occupational disease (poisoning), cases of sudden death were recognized as related to production (according to the Article 52, paragraphs 6-8). Objective: We identified the regularities of the formation of the indicators of natural death at workplace of the employees over 2015-2020 in Ukraine. Materials and methods: According to the data of the State Statistics Committee of Ukraine and the State Labour Service of Ukraine, we performed the analysis of natural deaths of the employees at workplace in the dynamics of monitoring by the types of economic activity, occupations and causes over 2015-2020 and established the ways for the improvement of their record-keeping. Statistical data were evaluated with the help of rankings, methods of generally accepted statistical analysis. Results and discussion: From 2015 to 2019, the number of the accidents at production, registered and recognized as insured events, decreased from 4,260 to 3,876 (by 9.0%), and the number of the fatal traumatized increased from 375 to 422 (by 11.1%). In 2020, the number of the accidents (A) increased up to 6121 (by 30.4%), and the accidents with fatal consequences increased up to 653 (by 42.5%), mainly due to the diseases of circulatory system and COVID-19. In recent years, there has been an increase in sudden deaths (SD) and «rejuvenation» of the contingent of working people.The problem of natural death is actual worldwide and according to the WHO, makes up 5-7%. Among those who died of natural causes, young people aged 20-39 years make up a significant proportion, mainly due to circulatory diseases and COVID-19. It was established that in the dynamics of 2015-2020, there were 4861 cases of natural death (ND) at workplace in Ukraine, which are 8.0-16.2 per 100 thousand working population and 27.2-55.0 per 100 thousand population working under harmful working conditions against 5.3 and 14.1 in 2012. The analysis of cases of ND in terms of gender, age and length of service shows that more than 77.0% are men aged 20-60 years old. The distribution of cases of ND at the workplace in Ukraine by the branches of industry shows that the socio-cultural sphere (30.0-55.2%), transport (16%), engineering and metallurgy (10.5-6.6%), coal and mining industry (4.2-2.4%) are the main ones. The cases of ND at workplaces from diseases of the circulatory system in the employees of social sphere and transport, miners of coal mines have been analyzed in details. The methods of prevention of ND at workplace are proposed. Conclusions: 1. The problem of natural death at the workplace requires an additional legislation to determine the circumstances of death connected with the working conditions or the feautures of the production process. 2. The most frequent cases of ND at the workplace in Ukraine are registered among employees of the socio-cultural sphere (30.0-55.2%), transport (16%), mechanical engineering and metallurgical industry (10.5-6.6%), construction and road construction, agro-industrial complex , coal and mining industry (4.2-2.4%). 3. Diseases of the circulatory system (acute cardiovascular failure (heart attack, stroke), coronary heart disease, heart and lung failure on the background of nervous and emotional stress, lack of sleep, the presence of a complex work schedule (daily, 12 hours, night shifts, which requires a separate study of causation) and impact of the adverse factors of the working environment were the main causes of ND in the employees. 4. Prevention of ND is in the field of the restoration of the system of providing medical care to employees, improvement of the quality of preventive medical examinations, pre-shift control, occupational selection.