Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Industria del sexo'
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Muñoz, Guerra Carem Cecilia. "Preferencias alimentarias en perros: efecto del sexo, raza, edad y peso sobre la elección de dietas comerciales." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2015. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/142397.
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Memoria para optar al Título Profesional de Médico VeterinarioLas pruebas de preferencia permiten estudiar la conducta alimentaria de perros domésticos; sin embargo, ciertas variables intrínsecas podrían afectar los resultados obtenidos. La presente memoria evaluó el efecto del sexo, raza, edad y peso sobre el consumo total, consumo por peso metabólico y preferencia de dietas preferidas en perros domésticos, y la posible relación de los componentes nutricionales de esas dietas con las preferencias observadas. El sexo, edad y peso de los perros mostraron tener un efecto sobre el consumo y consumo corregido por peso metabólico frente a dietas preferidas (P < 0,04). En relación a las preferencias, el sexo no mostró tener efecto (Beagle P = 0,370; Labrador P = 0,815), mientras que el peso influyó en las preferencias de todas las razas (P < 0,041) mostrando una correlación positiva en Beagle (r = 0,010; P = 0,050) y Bóxer (r = 0,183; P = 0,183) pero negativa en Labrador (r = -0,152; P = 0,011). Por otra parte, la edad solo tuvo efecto en las preferencias de perros Beagle (P = 0,005) mostrando una correlación positiva (r = 0,085; P = 0,003). La materia seca y el extracto no nitrogenado mostraron correlaciones negativas con las preferencias (r = -0,239; P = 0,008 y r = -0,188; P = 0,039) respectivamente. Al igual que algunos componentes de la dieta, el peso, la edad y la raza podrían afectar las preferencias alimentarias de perros domésticos siendo necesario considerar estas variables al momento del diseño y análisis de las pruebas.
Preference tests allow studying the feeding behavior of domestic dogs. However, dogs’ intrinsic variables may affect these preferences. In this study, it was analyzed the effects of sex, breed, age and weight of animals over their food intake, food intake corrected by metabolic weight and their preferences for preferred diets. Additionally, the possible relationship between the nutritional components of dog’s diets and their observed preferences were studied. The sex, age and weight of dogs presented an effect over animals food intake, and corrected food intake, of preferred diets (P < 0,040). Dogs sex did not affect their preferences (Beagle P = 0,370, Labrador P = 0,815), while animals weight influenced preferences in all breeds (P < 0,041), showing a positive correlation in Beagle (r = 0,010; P = 0,050) and Boxer (r = 0,183; P = 0,183) but not in Labrador (r = -0,152, P = 0,011). Moreover, animals age affected only food preferences of Beagle dogs (P = 0,005), showing a positive correlation (r = 0,085; P = 0,003). Dry matter and nitrogen-free extract showed negative correlations with preferences (r = -0,239; P = 0.008 and r = -0,188; P = 0,039) respectively. In the same way than some diet components, animal’s weight, age and breed could affect food preferences of domestic dogs requiring considering these variables when preference tests are designed and analyzed.
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Graf, Laila Priscila. "Entre a cozinha e o abatedouro." Florianópolis, SC, 2009. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/93132.
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Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas. Programa de Pós-Graduação em PsicologiaMade available in DSpace on 2012-10-24T17:10:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0Bitstream added on 2013-07-16T20:28:36Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 264396.pdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5)
Esta pesquisa investigou os sentidos atribuídos ao trabalho por mulheres que atuam em um abatedouro avícola, localizado no interior de Santa Catarina. O trabalho foi compreendido a partir de uma dupla dimensão; de um lado, o trabalho concreto, que seria o modo do ser humano transformar os objetos, se realizando na atividade e, de outro lado, o trabalho inserido nas relações capitalistas. Para a análise do trabalho realizado pelas mulheres, essa compreensão foi complementada com a perspectiva de gênero e da divisão sexual do trabalho. A análise dos processos de produção de sentidos no cotidiano de trabalho foi fundamentada no construcionismo social, uma abordagem que compreende os sentidos como discursos construídos social e historicamente. Esta pesquisa consistiu em um estudo de caso, cujo principal instrumento empregado para a coleta das informações foi a entrevista, efetuada com oito trabalhadoras. As análises foram elaboradas a partir dos discursos das trabalhadoras, o material coletado foi organizado em categorias temáticas e relacionado com as teorias. Os resultados mostraram dois enfoques: o primeiro foi relativo às trajetórias das trabalhadoras, observando os motivos de ingresso das trabalhadoras no abatedouro, a configuração das relações cotidianas no trabalho e as perspectivas profissionais futuras. O segundo enfoque foi referente à divisão sexual do trabalho, na qual foi observada a presença da divisão tanto no âmbito produtivo, como no doméstico. Na produção, as trabalhadoras se ocupavam com tarefas repetitivas e distribuídas em poucos cargos. No espaço doméstico, as mulheres participavam da renda familiar, mas permaneciam com a responsabilidade exclusiva dos trabalhos domésticos não-remunerados. Estes dois enfoques de análises estavam constantemente imbricados, pois as trajetórias das trabalhadoras foram continuamente marcadas pela divisão sexual do trabalho. Este estudo ressalta a importância de haver continuidade nas investigações que relacionem trabalho e gênero neste setor produtivo. This research investigated the meanings attributed to work by women who work in a poultry slaughterhouse, located in the periphery of Santa Catarina. The work was comprised from a dual dimension; on one hand, the concrete work, which is the way humans transform objects, performing activities and, on the other hand, the work included in capitalist relations. For the analysis of work done by women, this understanding was supplemented with the perspective of gender and sexual division of labor. The analysis of the production of meaning in the daily work was based on social constructionism, an approach that understands the meanings and socially and historically constructed discourses. This research consisted of a case study, whose main instrument used for the collection of information was the interview, conducted with eight employees. The tests were prepared from the discourses of the workers, the material collected was organized in thematic categories and related theories. The results showed two approaches: the first was on the professional paths of the workers, noting the reasons for their entry into the slaughterhouse, the configuration of relationships in the daily work, and future career prospects. The second focus was on the gender-based division of labor, which was observed in the presence of division both within manufacturing, as well as in the home. In production, the workers are occupied with repetitive tasks and distributed in a few positions. In the domestic area, women are involved in family income, but remained with the sole responsibility of non-remunerated domestic work. These two approaches of analysis were constantly interlinked, because the paths of the workers were continuously marked by a gender-based division of labor. This study emphasizes the importance of having continuity in investigations related to work and gender.
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Opazo, Marín María José. "Dispositivo de apoyo para el posicionamiento del cuerpo durante el acto sexual: sexualidad y diversidad funcional física." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2016. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/143129.
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Memoria para optar al título de Diseñador IndustrialEste proyecto aborda el tema de la significación de los objetos en el ámbito de lo sexual, y cómo éstos, desde su concepción pueden influir en la construcción cultural de lo que entendemos por erótica, cuerpo y deseo, en este caso, de personas en situación de discapacidad (diversidad funcional), las cuales históricamente han sido suprimidos de su identidad e interés sexual, dando lugar a mitos y prejuicios en torno a cómo viven su sexualidad y la relación con su cuerpo. Desde ese contexto sociocultural, se cuestiona si existe alguna dificultad o problemática en la realización de actos sexuales, ligados al estado físico y/o corpóreo de las personas, y cuál ha sido el rol de los objetos en la satisfacción de sus necesidades y deseos. Para dar respuesta a estas interrogantes, nos introducimos en los relatos y vivencias sexuales cotidianas de los futuros usuarios, considerándolos no solo una fuente de información, sino que colaboradores de vital importancia para iniciar el proceso de investigación y de Diseño de Producto. Desde esta aproximación, se sustenta la realización de una solución que apoye la ejecución de posturas sexuales, diversificando las experiencias y dando lugar a los cuerpos, su vinculación y su placer
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Camacho, del Aguila Gianpierre Emmanuel, Gonzales Juan Antonio Cardozo, Chavez Max Oscar Cerna, and Palomino Main Graciela Tenorio. "Diagnóstico operativo empresarial de la planta Procesadora Industrial Río Seco." Master's thesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12404/15084.
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El trabajo de investigación desarrollado en la presente tesis es fruto de un profundo
análisis y revisión del estado de las operaciones de la Procesadora Industrial Río Seco S.A.,
que es una empresa subsidiaria de la Compañía de Minas Buenaventura S.A.A. El objetivo de
este trabajo es diagnosticar las actividades operativas de la empresa y contrastarlas con las
mejores prácticas y métodos para detectar oportunidades de mejora. Esto se logró mediante el
uso de conceptos y técnicas aprendidos durante la maestría, tales como la comprensión de la
cultura organizacional hasta el análisis contable de los estados financieros de la empresa.
Gracias a ello, se identificaron puntos en los cuales el desempeño de la empresa es de gran
nivel y puntos en donde aún puede mejorar. Las recomendaciones generadas tras este estudio
buscan mejorar la rentabilidad de la empresa, así como su desarrollo competitivo y
sostenibilidad.
En el presente trabajo de investigación se describe a la empresa y su contexto con un
especial énfasis en el proceso productivo de lixiviación de concentrado Pb-Ag-Mn, el cual es
la razón de ser del negocio. A continuación, detallamos aspectos tales como los productos
elaborados, dimensionamiento de planta, capacidad instalada, planificación, operación,
cadena de suministro, costos operacionales y la gestión de mantenimiento. El análisis de cada
uno de estos puntos se llevó a cabo haciendo uso de la bibliografía especializada en cada
tema en cuestión.
Al final, se determinan las buenas prácticas de la empresa, se calculan costos
adicionales en los que incurren y las nuevas herramientas que deben emplear para lograr un
desempeño de clase mundial. Por lo tanto, se señala que la implementación de las propuestas
de mejora requiere una inversión de USD 1’693,425 y como resultado se puede obtener una
rentabilidad estimada de USD 6’474,086 en cinco años.In this thesis, we are presenting a business operating diagnosis of the Industrial Plant Río Seco after a rigorous data collection and analysis. The company is a subsidiary of Compañía de Minas Buenaventura, one of the biggest mining companies in Peru. The development of this diagnosis was possible because of the use of every concept learnt in our MBA, like leadership, financial analysis and organizational behavior. Due to the application of those concepts we were able to identify the critical points that generate economical losses to the company and, therefore, propose ideas to make Rio Seco profitable and sustainable across time. In the present research, the company and its context are described, with a special emphasis on the leaching of Pb-Ag concentrate, which is the core of the business. Then, we detail aspects such as the elaboration of products, plant dimensions, total capacity installed, planning, operation, supply chain, costs and maintenance management. The analysis of each of these points was carried out by using the specialized bibliography on each subject in question. At the end, the good practices of the company are determined and the additional costs incurred are determined. Finally, the tools that the company must use to achieve a world-class performance are proposed. Therefore, it is pointed out that the implementation of the improvement proposals requires an investment of USD 1’693,425 and as a result, an estimated return of USD 6’474,086 in five years can be obtained.
Tesis
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Muller, Daniel Gustavo Mingotti. "Musica instrumental e industria fonografica no Brasil : a experiencia do selo som da gente." [s.n.], 2005. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/284765.
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Orientador: Jose Roberto ZanDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Artes
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Resumo: O selo Som da Gente, ativo entre os anos de 1981 e 1992, foi criado e gerenciado pelo casal de compositores Walter Santos e Teresa Souza. A empresa produziu, ao todo, 46 discos exclusivamente instrumentais, que representam uma parte bastante significativa dos lançamentos daquele segmento, no período. A partir de um amplo levantamento bibliográfico e da realização de entrevistas com músicos e profissionais envolvidos na história do selo, procurou-se construir um extenso panorama da sua atuação, desde a escolha do cast até a divulgação e distribuição dos discos, no Brasil e no exterior, passando pela relação que se estabeleceu entre os artistas e os empresários. Analisando esses dados e incorporando-os em uma interpretação daquele momento específico do mercado fonográfico brasileiro, este trabalho pôde verificar o comportamento do selo num período de transição da estrutura de organização global desse mercado, no sentido da adoção de um sistema aberto de produção, em que a relação entre pequenas e grandes gravadoras tende a migrar de um cenário onde predomina a atuação autônoma ¿ a chamada produção independente ¿ para um cenário onde o predomínio é de uma atuação complementar entre elas ¿ as pequenas gravadoras produzindo estreitamente vinculadas às grandes
Mestrado
Mestre em Música
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Fonseca, Ana Márcia de Oliveira. "Um modelo multinível para predizer a atuação gerencial : O efeito de atitudes, valores e sexo." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UnB, 2013. http://repositorio.unb.br/handle/10482/14163.
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Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Psicologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psicologia Social, do Trabalho e das Organizações, 2013.Submitted by Alaíde Gonçalves dos Santos (alaide@unb.br) on 2013-09-20T12:01:48Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2013_AnaMarciadeOliveiraFonseca.pdf: 2204118 bytes, checksum: 0ccf48a7e61de80b6c6bec878e0380c7 (MD5)
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O objetivo geral desta pesquisa foi testar um modelo teórico multinível de predição da atuação gerencial percebida pelo subordinado. Esse objetivo foi destrinchado em três específicos. O primeiro foi analisar o estado da arte da produção científica brasileira sobre liderança. Para tanto, realizou-se, no Estudo 1, uma revisão sistemática de literatura. Os resultados apontam a defasagem da produção nacional em relação à internacional, com predomínio, aqui, de estudos transversais exploratórios. Recomendações foram levantadas para a construção de uma agenda nacional de pesquisa sobre liderança. O segundo objetivo específico foi desenvolver e fornecer evidências de validade de uma escala de atitudes frente à liderança. O relato do Estudo 2 apresenta os procedimentos de construção e validação fatorial da escala com uma amostra de profissionais de Brasília. Foram encontrados dois fatores: atitude frente à liderança transformacional e atitude frente à liderança transacional. Evidências indicam que a escala apresenta boas propriedades psicométricas. Por fim, o Estudo 3 visou atender ao terceiro objetivo específico: mensurar o efeito, sobre a atuação gerencial percebida pelo subordinado, de variáveis do nível do subordinado (valores organizacionais percebidos) e de variáveis do nível do gestor (atitudes, valores pessoais e sexo). Uma coleta de dados com líderes e liderados de uma organização pública brasileira, seguida de análise multinível, permitiu constatar que a percepção do subordinado sobre a atuação gerencial é influenciada por variáveis tanto do nível do subordinado, quanto do gestor. Em relação às primeiras, destaca-se o efeito negativo do valor organizacional percebido de hierarquia. Em relação às variáveis do nível do gestor, destaca-se o sexo, que apresentou tanto efeito direto, quanto efeito moderador da relação entre valores e atuação gerencial percebida. Os três estudos contribuem para o avanço das pesquisas sobre preditores da atuação gerencial. Implicações, limitações e sugestões de pesquisas futuras são apresentadas ao final desta dissertação. _______________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT
This research aimed to test a theoretical multilevel model for the prediction of the leader behavior perceived by subordinates. This general goal has been divided into three specific goals. The first was to analyze the state of the art of the Brazilian scientific production on leadership. To accomplish this, a systematic literature review was undertaken in Study 1. The results of this review indicate that the national production of literature on this subject lags behind compared to the international production. Based on these findings the construction of a national research agenda about leadership was recommended. The second specific goal was to develop a scale of attitudes toward leadership and to search for evidences of its validity. The report of Study 2 presents the procedures for the construction and factor validation of such scale with a sample of professionals from Brasilia. Two factors emerged: attitude toward transformational leadership and attitude toward transactional leadership. Evidences showed that the scale has adequate psychometric properties. Finally, Study 3 addressed the third specific goal: to measure the effect, on leader behavior perceived by subordinates, of subordinate-level variables (perceived organizational values) and leader-level variables (attitudes, personal values and gender). Data were collected from leaders and their subordinates of a Brazilian public organization. Multilevel analysis has shown that the subordinates’ perception of their leader’s behavior is affected by subordinate-level and leaderlevel variables. As for the former, we highlight the negative effect of the perceived organizational value of hierarchy. Among leader-level variables, gender stood out, since it had a direct effect, as well as a moderating effect on the relation between values and perceived leader behavior. The three studies contribute to advancing the knowledge on predictors of leader behavior. Implications, limitations and suggestions for future research are presented at the end of this dissertation.
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Cedén, Zandra. "Vägen mot flexibilitet : En studie av Sex Sigma och lean production inom industrin." Thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Economic History, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-8541.
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This paper is about the new methods and metrics used in industry and business today striving for better revenues and larger market shares. It investigates the relations between the old fordistic and tayloristic way of manufacturing and compares it to the models used in industry today for being competitive, seeking to please customers and becoming more flexible. More specific the paper is about if Six Sigma and lean production are the key for succeeding these days. SKF:s factory in Gothenburg and other companies will make an example for how these methods are used in practice.
The aim is to try to answer if these systems with inherited tools and methods are the right way to get the flexibility that is needed for being able to deliver the right goods to customers and market. For a company to be flexible decisions must be made fast and needed changes must be able to be done easy and without too large costs and investments. Both in Six Sigma and lean production the total staff in a company is involved with quality matters and continuous improvements. This brings an atmosphere and a certain way to work that makes it possible to reach high defined goals and move towards a common vision. Flexibility can be reached in both production and in developing new products when a company has an atmosphere that makes it possible for all personnel to talk the same language and strive for the same thing. Six Sigma and lean production have the possibility to achieve a higher level of flexibility, that is, when being applied in right places in the right way.
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Cirilo, Correa Roberto Zacarías, Castro Jorge Luis Medina, and Tuesta Romelia Clorinda Paredes. "Plan estratégico de la procesadora industrial Río Seco 2016-2020 : Compañía de Minas Buenaventura S.A.A." Master's thesis, Universidad del Pacífico, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11354/1813.
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Un gran problema para la minería son los contaminantes que se encuentran en los yacimientos de minerales. Las minas de plata contaminada con manganeso son penalizadas al comercializar el concentrado, lo que hace inviable la explotación de estas reservas. Tres procesos principales de lavado ácido (lixiviación), ácido sulfúrico y cristalización permiten separar el contaminante y hacerlo comercializable como sulfato de manganeso monohidratado para la agricultura o la fabricación de pilas. El objetivo de la investigación es desarrollar un plan estratégico para la Procesadora Industrial Río Seco 2016-2020, que pertenece a la Compañía de Minas Buenaventura S.A.A., para implementar los procesos innovadores tecnológicos de gestión de producción que cumplan los estándares medioambiental y social. Garantizar el incremento de la producción de sulfato de manganeso monohidratado, dar el valor agregado de alta calidad al mineral de plata de Uchucchacua, recuperar la plata en más del 5%, y ser el principal productor de manganeso monohidratado a nivel mundial.
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Dorel-Ferré, Gracia. "Les colonies industrielles en Catalogne : le cas de la Colonia Sedo." Paris, EHESS, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989EHES0045.
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L'etude de la colonia sedo a permis de decrire la genese et le developpement d'une colonie industrielle consacree a la production de tissus de coton (origine des entrepreneurs, motivations, raisons du choix d' implantation, conditions de la production, identification de la clientele. . . ). On a pu mettre en evidence la dependance de l'entreprise par rapport a la source d'energie et la recherche des moyens pour en augmenter la puissance. On a souligne les politiques d'attraction d'une main d'oeuvre, aussi bien d'origine industrielle que paysanne. On a pu suivre la conquete progressive d'un marche interieur de plus en plus etendu, seul debouche reel d'une production sensible aux crises et tres concurrencee sur le plan international. Enfin, l'etude de cas a pu mettre en evidence les strategies patronales vis a vis d'une main d'oeuvre revendicative, profondement travaillee par les mots d'ordre de la 1ere internationale. A la fin du siecle, le systeme des colonies industrielles porte ses fruits et aboutit a une veritable domestication de la population ouvriere.
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Kendall, Julie C. "The effects of listening quality, biological sex, and gender on leader-member exchange relationships." Virtual Press, 2004. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1285590.
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This study examined the effects of listening quality, biological sex, and gender on leader-member exchange (LMX) relationships. Participants included 112 of 115 Resident Assistants (RAs) at Ball State University in Muncie, IN. RAs (i.e., members) were asked to complete a 13 5-item survey regarding their perceptions of the quality of their relationship with their leader, their leader's quality of listening, and their leader's gender characteristics. The leaders in this study were Residence Hall Directors (RHDs) and Assistant Residence Hall Directors (ARHDs). Results found that members (i.e., RAs) who felt they had high quality LMX relationships with their leaders (i.e., RHDs and/or ARHDs) also rated their leaders high in listening quality. Results also indicated that RAs who were of the same gender as their ARHDs, rated them higher in listening quality and perceived a higher quality LMX relationship. This significant difference was shown only in RA/ARHD dyads and not RA/RI1D dyads.Department of Communication Studies
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Derr, Monique. "Intersections of the Sex Trafficking and Pornography Industries| Victims Working within Pornography." Thesis, Saybrook University, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10271277.
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Sex trafficking is defined as the use of force, coercion, or deception used to make someone work in the sex trade (United Nations Office of Drugs and Crime, n.d.). Sex trafficking is often associated with prostitution, but are the same means ever utilized to force or coerce people to work in pornography? The results of this research suggest this connection.
The purpose of this dissertation was to identify the intersections of pornography and sex trafficking, and more specifically, discover if victims of sex trafficking are ever used to create pornography. In other words, are adults who appear in different kinds of pornography ever victims of sex trafficking themselves? Sex trafficking is illegal in the United States, whereas the pornography industry is not. So long as the participants in pornography are willing adults, any sexual activity is legal under current laws. It is therefore critical to determine consent.
A review of literature demonstrated the need to further investigate any relation between the two industries and establish a legitimate connection. Literature relating to sex trafficking and its intersections with pornography are identified, compiled, and analyzed in order to conclude where there is room for further study. While statistics on the prevalence of sex trafficking are available, albeit unreliable, and information is also available on the experiences of trafficking victims, little has been written on the subject of victims who are then forced to work in pornography. This dissertation addresses that deficiency. Substantial qualitative literature is available on the experiences of sex trafficking victims, which serves to explain better the systematic processes that contribute to their victimization, but there are limited academic studies available that draw a direct connection between sex trafficking victims and those working in pornography. The review of the literature indicated the possibility that those in pornography are at times victims of sex trafficking.
Six anti-trafficking and/or anti-pornography activists, some of whom were victims themselves, were interviewed for their experiences and personal stories. It was ascertained that women in pornography are at times victims of sex trafficking during the filming or shooting. Whether they are trafficked in pornography only, or other sex industries such as prostitution, varies based on the experience. Further research is necessary to determine how common this is, and to better understand the systemic structures, which allow for this to occur.
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Andersson, Ragnar. "Fackförening i internationalisering. En studie av sex fackklubbars gränsöverskridande." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Thematic Studies, 2001. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-1851.
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This rapport examines six Swedish workplace unions, in manufacturing internationalised companies, degree of internationalised trade union work. The report is based on interviews with local shop stewards. All local workplace unions were in some form internationalised. They were placed in three different groups of strategies: Passive, Tactical and Strategic. The Passive union only tried to get information; the Tactical unions were reactive against initiative from company management and used the channels provided of Industrial Relation laws. The Strategic unions where acting from an analysis that demanded collaboration with foreign trade unions and were active in trying to build contacts.In discussing why a local workplace trade union become internationalised three explaining factors was constructed: A relation to the company which gave the union more information and resources than the minimum level of required legislation. Second; a strategic analysis involving a threat against the employees. And third; a belief that the trade union could make a difference.
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Hatcher, Eric. "Perceiving Organizational Conflict: The Effect of Occupational Rank and Sex on Perceptions of Conflict in the Workplace." TopSCHOLAR®, 1999. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/783.
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In this study, perceptions of conflict were examined with respect to sex and occupational rank. The model for this study was Tjosvold's cooperation theory. Yet, unlike much of Tjosvold's work, I examined cooperation as a dependent rather than an independent variable. A reward-level pre-test was used to account for the predisposition to cooperate, and a mixed motive scale (post-test) was used to measure any differences in cooperation between occupational ranks and the sexes. Two hypotheses in this study were tested. First, in a between-rank conflict, supervisors were expected to view the conflict as competitive, while subordinates were expected to view the conflict as cooperative. Second, it was hypothesized that in a same-sex conflict women would tend to view the conflict as more cooperative then would men. Contrary to hypothesis one, occupational rank did not affect the perception of conflict or cooperation. There was partial support for the second hypothesis. Specifically, at low levels of pre-test cooperativeness, women exhibited more workplace cooperation than did men. However, at high levels of pre-test cooperativeness, the sexes did not differ in workplace cooperation.
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Lowery, Meghan Rachelle. "MITIGATING SEX BIAS IN COMPENSATION DECISIONS: THE ROLE OF COMPARATIVE DATA." OpenSIUC, 2010. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/dissertations/231.
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Gender differences in salaries are prominent in most fields. Several laws exist to decrease the amount of pay discrimination and provide remedies for discriminatory organizational behaviors, yet these laws have proven insufficient to eradicate pay inequities. One source for such discrimination in pay stems from the evaluation of employee performance. Performance appraisal systems can be biased in very small ways that yield larger negative effects on later employment-related decisions, such as compensation. The goal of this study was to examine decision-making processes and conclusions raters make during the evaluation of employees. It was expected that the type of presentation and the content of the ratings of performance sub-dimensions would affect gender differences in composite ratings, salary increases, and merit bonuses. Specifically, women were expected to be rated lower when employee performance information was presented sequentially, where it would be harder to directly compare one employee with another and thus not mitigate sex bias. Comparatively, when employee performance information was presented in aggregate form, where comparisons among employees would be easier, no sex bias was expected. It was also hypothesized that in the sequential condition, participants would provide casuistry-based reasoning for their decisions such that explanations for men's better performance would be justified by their performance on the sub-dimension on which the male candidate was rated highly. No effect was found for target gender on any of the outcomes. There was a significant difference for participant gender in the amount of salary increases and merit bonuses assigned. Male participants assigned significantly higher raises and bonuses than female participants to employees. There was also a strong main effect for task-related skills across all outcomes. Employees who were higher in the task dimension were rated higher, awarded higher pay, and given larger bonuses. There were no gender differences in the task ratings. Qualitative data analyses support these conclusions. Although participants provided lengthy reasons for their decisions, none showed or explained a gender difference. Limitations and recommendations for future studies are discussed.
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Caldwell, Hilary Judith. "Long-Term Clients Who Access Commercial Sexual Services in Australia." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/8197.
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Abstract Until the last 20 years research into the people who buy sexual services has represented less than one per cent of all sex industry research (Perkins, 1999). In recent years, publications from diverse disciplines, including health sciences, medicine, psychology, theology and sociology have added knowledge about people who buy sex, in part because of the criminalisation in some countries of buying sex. Much of this available literature has established that ‘normal’ men buy sex, and provides information about the prevalence of buying sex, motivations to buy sex, and the risks of buying sex. Some recent qualitative research reveals that buying sex can be a deeply emotional experience with accompanying positive benefits to health and well-being (Earle & Sharp, 2007; Sanders, 2008a). However, much of the research that has been conducted about people who buy sex has not directly accessed the clients themselves or has not used methods that offer a holistic understanding of their experiences. This empirical study, conducted in Australia during 2010, exposes gaps in current knowledge about men who buy sex, their feelings about buying sex in the context of their other relationships, their feelings about sex workers and money and, the effects of stigma. It is an exploratory qualitative study that represents clients of sex workers in their own words and identifies experiences and issues that are of importance to them. Through interpretive phenomenological analysis, the research project aims to answer the question of how being a client of the sex industry affects how men feel about themselves and their sexuality. An on-line approach to recruitment and data collection ensured safety and encouraged honesty by keeping participants anonymous and was successful in recruiting 137 possible research participants. These self-selecting, volunteer participants were invited to answer a short questionnaire and write a narrative about their experiences, which was guided by asking about key areas of research interest such as: motivations, perceived risks and benefits, and stigma and discrimination. Fifty-three narratives were examined for their suitability and for their depth in addressing the research questions; 27 of these were selected for further analysis based on the comprehensiveness of the narrative and their eligibility for the study. Men who had purchased sex about monthly for at least one year or more were eligible to participate in the study. Data achieved theoretical saturation at which point no new concepts emerged through further analysis. The final sample consisted of 27 men with an average age of 44 who had been buying sex for an average of 18 years. Participants differed in their sexual orientations and the genders of sex workers from whom they bought sex; some men also bought sex from genders other than their identified sexual orientation would suggest. All participants discussed aspects of their relationship status as a justification for buying sex; those who were partnered described why their primary relationships did not satisfy their sexual needs, and those who were single defended their right to buy sex as conferred by their single status. Motivations to buy sex were multifactorial for each participant, which occasionally conflicted within a single account, and mainly related to seeking sexual variety, seeking emotional intimacy, and convenience. Participants considered that the financial part of the commercial sex transaction was more important than the sex, and that emotional benefits of buying sex outweighed both physical benefits and the burdens of guilt, fear of STIs, discrimination and stigma. They demonstrate that their decisions to buy sex are complex and that men are silenced by internal and external stigma, and by not feeling empowered to disclose their status as a client of the sex industry. Participants wrote about their feelings about sex workers, describing feelings of integrity, gratitude and respect towards them. They spoke politically about the sex industry as a whole and also about other clients of sex workers. They rejected stereotypes for themselves while projecting deviant client beliefs onto imaginary others. In addition to identified areas for further research, the findings about sex industry clients’ diversity in buying sex, their fear of STIs, and assertions of condom use, will enable health care providers to offer appropriate sexual health care and education. The stress that participants placed on finances, primary relationships and rejection of stereotypes will assist counsellors and practitioners to better understand men who buy sex and, more generally, sexuality and the human condition. The findings will contribute to dissolution of deviant stereotypes and will allow policy and law makers to consider consumer representatives in debates about the sex industry.
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Webb, Erin D. "Developing, Refining, and Validating a Survey to Measure Stereotypes and Biases that Women Face in Industry." TopSCHOLAR®, 2013. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/1321.
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Almost any woman who has worked in a male dominated industry has faced a gender stereotype or bias of some type. Some of these women have even developed coping mechanisms to counteract these biases and make day-to-day interactions at work tolerable. Gathering information to reveal these stereotypes and biases can pose a distinctive challenge. Many women do not want to reveal the challenges that they have faced in their careers, and the vastness of types of challenges makes asking the correct questions very difficult. Through testing, this study has developed a valid data collection instrument that can be used to gather the varying data. The final instrument yielded 22 items that have strong validity and reliability results.
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Vambe, Debrah. "A study of KAP of circumcirsed men towards safe sex in Manakayabe District in Swaziland." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/79956.
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Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2013.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: World Health Organisation (WHO) and UNAIDS named male circumcision as a key intervention in halting the spread of HIV in Africa. Several countries in sub-Saharan Africa with low levels of male circumcision (MC) and high HIV prevalence are scaling up MC services, Swaziland being one of them. Despite the circumcisions done in Swaziland it seems there is no significant decrease in HIV prevalence which might be due to various reasons. One of the reasons noted was the behaviour of men after circumcision because of the belief of total of immunity. This has led to an increase in high risk behaviour, increased promiscuity, multiple partners, more unsafe sex and failure to use condoms, thereby defeating the own stated purpose. Objectives: 1) To identify the knowledge, attitude and practices (KAP) of circumcised men towards safe sex. 2) To establish the existing knowledge of the relationship between circumcision and HIV prevention. 3) To establish whether men in Swaziland take part in riskier sexual behaviour after or before being circumcised. 4) To make recommendations for the counseling programme. Methodology: A cross-sectional analytical study whereby both qualitative and quantitative methods of data collection was used. Simple random sampling was used to select circumcised men from Mankayane hospital, Mankayane and Holy Rosary high schools and a total of 90(60 adults and 30 teenagers) filled in self- administered questionnaires and also took part in focus group discussions. Purposive sampling was used to choose the MC Counsellors and in-depth interviews were done to complement the information on knowledge, attitudes and practices of men towards safe sex before, during and after circumcision. An observation checklist was also used to check what they included in their counselling sessions. Results: The responses solicited from the men who participated in this study show that there is basic knowledge with regards to safe sex and the value of MC in the prevention of HIV. The pattern in the data however shows that those that were the most recent to undergo medical circumcision had the most varied opinions on the extent to which MC protect one from HIV. There was mixed attitude towards safe sex after circumcision, some wanting to maximise their satisfaction without using protection. The data also points to a pattern were the men have a high relationship turnover and this was more discernible among the teenagers who suggest that the relationships are not built on commitment but possible experimentation. While the study did not have control that tracked uncircumcised men for comparative purposes, the findings point to inconsistent use of condoms among men which heightens the risk of HIV transmission. The results point to a well-structured programme of counseling followed by MC counselors. Conclusion: The study was able to satisfy the aim and objectives. The research process was designed to collect the necessary data and be analysed in a manner that answered the research question. The research target population and subsequent sample represented the geographical scope of the study. The research tools were designed to be easy for the respondents to use. The distribution and collection method was designed to give the respondents less hassle as possible. This had a positive impact on the response rate, which increased the validity of the data collected. Both the literature review and primary research findings affirm that MC without behaviour change is not the panacea for prevention of HIV.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die Wêreldgesondheidsorganisasie (WGO) en UNAIDS het manlike besnydenis as ’n belangrike intervensie uitgewys om die verspreiding van MIV in Afrika te stuit. Verskeie lande in Afrika suid van die Sahara met lae vlakke van manlike besnydenis (MB) en hoë vlakke van MIV is tans besig om MB-dienste uit te brei, en Swaziland is geen uitsondering nie. Ondanks die besnydenis wat in Swaziland gedoen word, blyk daar egter geen beduidende afname in MIV te wees nie. Dít kan aan verskillende redes toegeskryf word. Een daarvan is mans se gedrag ná besnyding vanweë hul oortuiging dat hul geheel en al immuun is. Dit het tot ’n toename in hoërisikogedrag, meer promiskuïteit, veelvuldige bedmaats, meer onveilige seks en ’n gebrek aan kondoomgebruik gelei, wat uiteraard die doel verydel. Oogmerke: 1) Om besnyde mans se kennis, houdings en praktyke met betrekking tot veilige seks te bepaal. 2) Om bestaande kennis oor die verband tussen besnydenis en MIV-voorkoming te bepaal. 3) Om vas te stel of mans in Swaziland voor of ná besnyding geneig is tot meer riskante seksuele gedrag. 4) Om aanbevelings te doen vir die MB-beradingsprogram. Metodologie: ’n Deursnee- analitiese studiebenadering met sowel kwalitatiewe as kwantitatiewe datainsamelingsmetodes is gevolg. Met behulp van eenvoudige ewekansige steekproefneming is mans van Mankayane-hospitaal en tienerseuns van Mankayane- en Holy Rosary-hoërskool gekies. Altesaam 90 respondente (60 volwassenes en 30 tieners) het vraelyste op hul eie ingevul en ook aan fokusgroepbesprekings deelgeneem. Doelbewuste steekproefneming is gebruik om ’n groep MB-beraders te kies, met wie daar diepteonderhoude gevoer is om die inligting oor mans se kennis, houdings en praktyke met betrekking tot veilige seks voor, gedurende en ná besnyding aan te vul. ’n Waarnemingskontrolelys is ook gebruik om af te merk wat die beraders by hul beradingsessies insluit. Resultate: Die antwoorde van die mans wat aan hierdie studie deelgeneem het, toon basiese kennis met betrekking tot veilige seks en die waarde van MB in die voorkoming van MIV. Die patroon in die data toon egter dat diegene wat mees onlangs mediese besnydenis ondergaan het, die mees uiteenlopende menings het oor die mate waarin MB jou teen MIV beskerm. Daar is ’n gemengde houding oor veilige seks ná besnyding: Party mans jaag eenvoudig so veel moontlik bevrediging na, sonder enige beskerming. Die data dui ook op ’n patroon van ’n hoë verhoudingsomset onder die respondente. Dít was veral waarneembaar onder die tieners, wat te kenne gee dat hul verhoudings nie op toewyding gegrond is nie, maar eerder moontlike eksperimentasie. Hoewel die studie geen kontrolegroep met onbesnyde mans vir vergelykende doeleindes gehad het nie, dui die bevindinge op inkonsekwente kondoomgebruik onder mans, wat op sy beurt die risiko van MIV-oordrag verhoog. Die resultate dui voorts daarop dat MB-beraders ’n goed gestruktureerde beradingsprogram volg. Gevolgtrekking: Die studie het in sy doel en oogmerke geslaag. Die navorsingsproses was ontwerp om die nodige data in te samel en te ontleed ten einde die navorsingsvraag te beantwoord. Die navorsing steikenpopulasie en gevolglike steekproef was verteenwoordigend van die geografiese studiebestek. Die navorsingsinstrumente was ontwerp vir maklike gebruik deur respondente. Die verspreidings- en insamelingsmetode is gekies om so min moontlik moeite vir respondente te veroorsaak. Dít het ’n positiewe impak op die reaksiesyfer gehad, wat weer die geldigheid van die ingesamelde data verhoog het. Sowel die literatuuroorsig as die primêre navorsingsbevindinge bevestig dat MB sonder gedragsverandering allermins ’n ‘wondermiddel’ vir MIV-voorkoming is.
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Paes, de Brito Izabele. "Caracterização e aproveitamento da água de coco seco (Cocus nucifera L.) na produção de bebidas." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2004. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/9017.
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Previous issue date: 2004A água do coco seco, considerada resíduo da indústria de beneficiamento do coco, foi utilizada como matéria-prima em adição à polpa de maracujá, no processamento de um néctar de fruta e de um repositor hidroeletrolítico. Para isto, determinou-se a composição físico-química da água de coco, e realizou-se testes sensoriais para definir a formulação ideal de cada produto. Os produtos foram envasados em garrafas de vidro, e pasteurizados em batelada a 70ºC/5 min. Ao final do processamento, os lotes foram estocados a 25,5±1,03 ºC durante 90 dias. O efeito do tempo de armazenamento sobre as propriedades físico-químicas foi avaliado com 0, 15, 30, 60 e 90 dias de armazenagem. As características sensoriais foram avaliadas por análise descritiva quantitativa com 0, 30, 60 e 90 dias de armazenagem, utilizando uma equipe de 6 provadores treinados. Foram feitas contagens de bolores e leveduras, coliformes a 45 ºC e presença/ausência de Salmonella em 25g, com 0, 60 e 90 dias de estocagem. Quanto à composição da matéria-prima, verificou-se o predomínio de açúcares e minerais. Bons resultados sensoriais foram alcançados nas formulações com concentrações de 20% de polpa de maracujá, 80% de água de coco e 13 ºBrix para o néctar, e 20% de polpa de maracujá, 30% de água de coco, 50% de água mineral e 10 ºBrix para o repositor. Não houve alteração de pH e sólidos solúveis nos produtos durante o armazenamento, entretanto a acidez apresentou diferença significativa (p<0,05) no néctar entre os tempos. Concentrações de ácido ascórbico diminuíram significativamente em função do tempo, com 30 dias de estocagem para o néctar, e com 15 dias para o repositor. As médias das notas atribuídas no teste sensorial para o repositor não diferiram entre si (p<0,05) ao longo da armazenagem, entretanto, o néctar apresentou escurecimento, aumento de flavor estranho e diminuição da qualidade global no tempo final de armazenamento. As contagens de bolores e leveduras estiveram <10 UFC/g, Coliformes a 45 ºC < 10 UFC/g, e ausência de Salmonella para ambos os produtos ao longo dos 90 dias. A vida útil do néctar foi de 60 dias e a do repositor de 90 dias. Os resultados obtidos evidenciam a possibilidade de produção de bebidas elaboradas com água de coco seco e polpa de fruta, considerando especialmente a aceitabilidade sensorial. O estudo aponta alternativas tecnológicas de utilização da água rejeitada no processamento do coco seco
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Himelfarb, Frances E. "The effect of sex-type on perception, self-assessment and performance of police recruits in training." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/20860.
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Nel, René. "An industrial psychological review of factors and barriers that are keeping women from reaching top positions in the modern workplace." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/53267.
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Woodger, Neil Cameron. "The type A behaviour pattern, sex differences and control in the occupational environment." Thesis, Canberra, ACT : The Australian National University, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/141481.
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Sithole, Bhekizitha Nicholas. "HIV prevention needs for men who have sex with men in Swaziland : a case study of Manzini City." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/79995.
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Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2013.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Since the beginning of the HIV epidemic in the early 1980s, men who have sex with men (MSM) have been disproportionately affected by the virus. Sex between men is the main route of transmission of HIV in some parts of the world. In some other places it is a secondary route of transmission. Worldwide, MSM are classified as most-at-risk populations because of their higher risk of HIV transmission. Although sex between men occurs in most societies, its existence, importance in HIV prevention are frequently denied. Often, these men are neglected in HIV prevention interventions. Sexual acts between men have often been condemned and sometimes criminalized. In some countries, penalties for those accused of sexual acts between men are among the severest available. Elsewhere, even where same-sex behaviour is not illegal, there is frequently unofficial persecution by the authorities or discrimination against or stigmatisation of those men known or thought to be having sexual relations with other men. For these reasons, in many parts of the world, sex between men is hidden or secretive. This makes an assessment of its extent, and of the various types of sexual acts that occur, even more difficult. As a result of being neglected, there has been generally lack of research and services directed towards MSM. In sub-Saharan Africa, for instance, it was only over 10 years ago, in 2001, when the first behavioural survey among MSM was conducted. However, few countries have conducted such studies and MSM’s specific health needs, especially for HIV prevention, are still not being met. In most countries, like Swaziland, the HIV prevalence is still generalized. Although Swaziland bears the burden the highest HIV prevalence in the world at 26% for the age group 15-49 (UNAIDS, 2010), interventions to MSM and other most-at-risk populations are limited. The study’s main aim was to identify the prevention needs of MSM in Swaziland. A total of 50 MSM were interviewed in order to find information. In addition, five key informants who were managers of HIV prevention programmes were also interviewed. It was established that there is a gap between the MSM’s needs and the interventions currently available. There were factors that put MSM at risk for HIV infection that were identified by the study. It was established that some of the HIV prevention did not meet the specific needs and expectations of MSM. Knowledge on some HIV risk behaviours and some prevention strategies targeting MSM was limited.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Sedert die begin van die MIV-epidemie in die vroeë 1980's, het die mans wat seks het met mans (MSM) is buite verhouding beïnvloed deur die virus. Seks tussen mans is die belangrikste roete van die oordrag van MIV in sommige dele van die wêreld. In sommige ander plekke is dit is 'n sekondêre roete van oordrag. Wêreldwyd, MSM word geklassifiseer as die meeste-at-Risk bevolking as gevolg van hul hoër risiko van MIV-oordrag. Alhoewel seks tussen mans in die meeste samelewings voorkom, word dikwels sy bestaan, belang in MIV-voorkoming geweier. Dikwels word hierdie manne verwaarloos in MIV-voorkoming intervensies. Seksuele dade tussen mans dikwels veroordeel en soms gekriminaliseer. In sommige lande, strawwe vir diegene wat beskuldig word van seksuele dade tussen mans is onder die ergste beskikbaar. Elders, selfs waar van dieselfde geslag gedrag nie onwettig is nie, is daar dikwels nie-amptelike vervolging deur die owerhede of diskriminasie of stigmatisering van daardie manne wat bekend is of gedink word om seksuele verhoudings met ander mans. Vir hierdie redes, seks tussen mans, in baie dele van die wêreld is verborge of geheimsinnig. Dit maak 'n assessering van die omvang, en van die verskillende tipes van seksuele dade wat plaasvind, nog moeiliker. As 'n gevolg van verwaarloos, is daar gewoonlik gebrek aan navorsing en dienste gerig op MSM. In sub-Sahara Afrika, byvoorbeeld, dit was net meer as 10 jaar gelede, in 2001, toe die eerste gedrags-opname onder MSM is uitgevoer. Egter, het 'n paar lande uitgevoer sodanige studies en MSM se spesifieke gesondheid behoeftes, veral vir MIV-voorkoming, is nog steeds nie bereik word nie. In die meeste lande, soos Swaziland, die voorkoms van MIV is nog steeds algemene. Hoewel Swaziland dra die las om die hoogste voorkoms van MIV in die wêreld op 26% vir die ouderdomsgroep 15-49 (UNAIDS, 2010), intervensies MSM en ander die meeste-op-risiko bevolkings is beperk. Die studie se hoofdoel was om die voorkoming van MSM te identifiseer in Swaziland. 'N totaal van 50 MSM is ondervra ten einde inligting te vind. Daarbenewens is ook vyf sleutel informante wat bestuurders van die voorkoming van MIV-programme ondervra. Daar is vasgestel dat daar is 'n gaping tussen die MSM se behoeftes en die intervensies wat tans beskikbaar is. Daar is faktore wat sit MSM 'n risiko vir MIV-infeksie wat deur die studie geïdentifiseer is. Daar is vasgestel dat sommige van die MIV-voorkoming het nie voldoen aan die spesifieke behoeftes en verwagtinge van MSM. Kennis op 'n aantal MIV-risiko gedrag en 'n paar voorkoming strategieë fokus MSM is beperk.
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Bax, Trent Malcolm. "Sex and work in the city Shanghai's service industry and the Chinese Modern Project: an ethnography of Chinese hairdressers and Australian blokes /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2007. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/HKUTO/record/B39558149.
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Adair, Deborah Elaine 1960. "How the breadwinning role and sex of employees influence beliefs about referent choice and job satisfaction." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/282543.
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This research starts from the premise that women's entry into, and substantial representation in, the workforce has changed the nature of the relationship between family and work roles. Specifically, the purpose is to show that the roles people play in their families significantly affects their determination of job satisfaction. Equity theory and relative deprivation theory suggest that a pivotal factor in determining job satisfaction is the selection and use of a referent. In practice, however, the research on referent use in job satisfaction has not considered family role effects because job satisfaction research has focused almost exclusively on the work domain. This research seeks to expand upon this literature by hypothesizing that family role will influence the choice of the referent and will be a meaningful explanatory variable in job satisfaction models. Analysis of the survey results reveals basic support for the inclusion of family role in models of job satisfaction in four job satisfaction contexts. The family role variable of breadwinning status is positively related to job satisfaction and emerges as a better explanatory variable for job satisfaction responses than respondent sex. The effects of family role on referent choice, however, are not consistent or strong. Instead, only respondent-referent similarity was found to have a robust effect on referent choice. Other referent choice decisions were explored on a post-hoc basis. Overall, the results of this study indicate that breadwinning status is a statistically significant factor in job satisfaction decisions. The data are supportive of a model in which beliefs about the relationship between work and family role obligations mediate the effects of breadwinning status on job satisfaction. Given the exploratory nature of this study, further research is suggested to replicate and expand the major findings.
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Simmons, Cheryl Lynn. "Managers' and non-managers' conflict resolution styles: The effect of gender role." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1996. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1396.
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Hernandez, Carolina. "Sex Trafficking in the United States: An Exploratory Study of the Experiences of International and Domestic Women Working in the Sex Industry in the U.S." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1404743507.
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Velez, Camila. "An Exploration of the Counselling Experiences of Women who Work in the Indoor Sex Industry." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/36383.
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The purpose of this qualitative study is to enrich the understanding of the counselling and psychotherapy experiences of women who have previously or currently worked in the Canadian sex industry. I conducted semi-structured interviews with 6 participants ranging in age from 19 to 52 who described an individual counselling experience in which they revealed their sex work employment status. I analyzed the interview drawing from a Gadamerian hermeneutic phenomenological approach grounded in feminist standpoint theory. The results revealed 17 themes organized in 5 categories: (a) seeking counselling, (b) the therapeutic relationship, (c) disclosure of sex work, (d) counselling outcomes, and (e) recommendations for counsellors working with sex workers. The results shed light on indoor sex worker clients’ heterogeneous counselling needs, expectations, and experiences, providing valuable considerations for culturally responsive and socially just practice with sex workers. The discussion of the results reflects previous research studies, clinical implications, and suggestions for future research.
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Salas, Coz Erwin Erasmo. "Innovación en marketing para pymes : el rol del search engine optimization (SEO) en la consolidación de la marca de una empresa familiar del sector regalos en el Perú." Master's thesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2017. http://tesis.pucp.edu.pe/repositorio/handle/123456789/9616.
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El Perú está en un proceso de promoción y fomento de la innovación
en el sector público y privado, así como en las universidades y centros de
investigación. En tal sentido, los esfuerzos están enfocados generalmente
en desarrollar innovación en productos y procesos, sin embargo, la
presente tesis de maestría busca presentar una forma de innovar, pero en
marketing específicamente para las pequeñas empresas.
La presente investigación se divide en tres partes: el marco teórico,
el marco contextual y el estudio de caso. El marco teórico se presenta el
estado del arte relevante para esta tesis de maestría tales como los
conceptos de marketing, marketing digital, Search Engine Optimization,
innovación y la innovación en pequeñas empresas. Por el lado del marco
contextual se presenta cómo las pequeñas empresas del sector regalos
usan el SEO como parte de sus estrategias de negocios. Finalmente, se
presenta el estudio de caso, en donde se presenta la empresa estudiada,
se presenta los frameworks conceptuales utilizadas, así como el modelo de
SEO a utilizar, todo esto para evaluar esta nueva forma de promoción en
marketing y verificar si puede ser considerado como una innovación en
marketing.
Los resultados de la investigación corroboran que la aplicación del
Search Engine Optimization en una pequeña empresa puede ser utilizado
satisfactoriamente como una innovación en marketing. Para ello se utilizó el
framework See-Think-Do-Care y la pirámide constructora de marca, así
como el evaluador de rentabilidad Life Time Value y Cost per Adquisition.
Lo importante de estos hallazgos es que el SEO debería ser utilizado como
parte de las estrategias de marketing para las pequeñas empresas de
Perú. En la sección de conclusiones y recomendaciones se explica en
detalle estos descubrimientos.Tesis
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Dooley, Cathleen Marie. "Battle in the sky: A cultural and legal history of sex discrimination in the United States airline industry, 1930-1980." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/280698.
Full textAbstract:
This project examines the creation and implementation of sex discrimination law in the United States during the mid-twentieth century by egg the experiences of women who worked as flight attendants in the United States airline industry. The presentation of female bodies was a critical marketing strategy for the airline industry, and the result was the creation of a series of gender based discriminatory policies. Airlines manipulated women's sexuality through regulations such as a marriage ban, age ceiling, and weight/appearance regulations. An analysis of airline ads, which presented flight attendants as sexually desirable to attract male customers, combined with archival sources that trace discrimination in the industry, reveal the manipulation and presentation of women's sexuality as essential to the labor market practices of the airline industry and the efforts made by flight attendants to combat both the image and the discrimination. This dissertation reveals the constructed nature of women's sexuality by exploring the relationship between cultural representations of women's bodies, labor market practices, and public policy formation. An examination of 1960s anti-discriminatory legislation reveals the link between the regulation of sexuality and policy formation. Dismantling of sex discrimination through policy was problematic because gendered and sexualized work patterns were central to corporate employment structures. The solution was the inclusion of the bona fide occupational qualification clause in Title VII of the 1964 Civil Rights Act. This clause protected employers' ability to retain gender based discrimination if they demonstrated that economic loss would result from a restructuring of employment practices. Flight attendants were among the earliest group of women workers to utilize this legislation, and as a result they contributed to the interpretation and development of sex discrimination law in the United States. This project also reveals the complex interaction of resistance to and intention of sexual norms and gender discrimination. Flight attendants often internalized cultural constructions of sexuality and saw their ability to fulfill dominant cultural notions of beauty as empowering, thus they had difficulty articulating a clear definition of sex discrimination. Despite this difficulty, flight attendants became among the most politically active women in America during the 1960s and 1970s.
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Bax, Trent Malcolm. "Sex and work in the city: Shanghai's service industry and the Chinese Modern Project: an ethnography of Chinesehairdressers and Australian blokes." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2007. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B39558149.
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Clarsen, Georgine. "The vote on wheels : Australian women and motoring, 1915-1945 /." Connect to thesis, 1997. http://eprints.unimelb.edu.au/archive/00000649.
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Berg, Martin, and Albin Eriksson. "Toward predictive maintenance in surface treatment processes : A DMAIC case study at Seco Tools." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för ekonomi, teknik, konst och samhälle, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-84923.
Full textAbstract:
Surface treatments are often used in the manufacturing industry to change the surface of a product, including its related properties and functions. The occurrence of degradation and corrosion in surface treatment processes can lead to critical breakdowns over time. Critical breakdowns may impair the properties of the products and shorten their service life, which causes increased lead times or additional costs in the form of rework or scrapping. Prevention of critical breakdowns due to machine component failure requires a carefully selected maintenance policy. Predictive maintenance is used to anticipate equipment failures to allow for maintenance scheduling before component failure. Developing predictive maintenance policies for surface treatment processes is problematic due to the vast number of attributes to consider in modern surface treatment processes. The emergence of smart sensors and big data has led companies to pursue predictive maintenance. A company that strives for predictive maintenance of its surface treatment processes is Seco Tools in Fagersta. The purpose of this master's thesis has been to investigate the occurrence of critical breakdowns and failures in the machine components of the chemical vapor deposition and post-treatment wet blasting processes by mapping the interaction between its respective process variables and their impact on critical breakdowns. The work has been conducted as a Six Sigma project utilizing the problem-solving methodology DMAIC. Critical breakdowns were investigated combining principal component analysis (PCA), computational fluid dynamics (CFD), and statistical process control (SPC) to create an understanding of the failures in both processes. For both processes, two predictive solutions were created: one short-term solution utilizing existing dashboards and one long-term solution utilizing a PCA model and an Orthogonal Partial Least Squares (OPLS) regression model for batch statistical process control (BSPC). The short-term solutions were verified and implemented during the master's thesis at Seco Tools. Recommendations were given for future implementation of the long-term solutions. In this thesis, insights are shared regarding the applicability of OPLS and Partial Least Squares (PLS) regression models for batch monitoring of the CVD process. We also demonstrate that the prediction of a certain critical breakdown, clogging of the aluminum generator in the CVD process, can be accomplished through the use of SPC. For the wet blasting process, a PCA methodology is suggested to be effective for visualizing breakdowns.
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Guilfoos, Sonia. "A STUDY ON THE RECOVERY PROCESS FOR WOMEN WHO HAVE EXITED THE SEX INDUSTRY." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2014. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/86.
Full textAbstract:
There are different reasons why women enter the sex industry; many of them were sexually abused as children and have been psychologically deceived, which is indicative of their vulnerable state and complex needs. Today, many studies show that the amount of women involved in sex work continues to rise. As a result more strip clubs have surfaced in the United States, and more and more females continue to obtain employment from these adult establishments. The purpose of this study is to get more information about the recovery process for women who have exited the sex industry. The methods used for this study were qualitative in-depth interviews with ex sex workers. Six participants were recruited through a snowball method, and after interviews were recorded, they were transcribed and analyzed using Grounded Theory Approach.
The findings indicated that sexual abuse, and drug and alcohol abuse had been experienced at very high rates by women in the sex industry. The findings also revealed that the participants in study displayed a great amount of resiliency, as five out of six participants had obtained higher education degrees at the bachelor’s and master’s level after exiting the sex industry. In addition, the study found that there was a serious lack of social services being offered to this population of women, which if offered services, women transitioning out of the sex industry could have benefited from mental health services, housing, and career planning. In the area of policy recommendations, social work school students and faculty are encouraged to advocate for classes on sexuality to prepare students to deal effectively with sexual abuse and sex workers, considering we are in a time where more women earn a living by working in the sex industry. It is also recommended that social workers develop ways to reach out to this disenfranchised population.
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Rossi, Eleonora. "Unwelcome: a study on the Employees´ Perspective on Sex Trafficking in the Hotel industry in Amsterdam." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Turismvetenskap, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-45924.
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Sex trafficking is a form of modern slavery which includes the sexual exploitation of individuals for personal gain. It currently affects 4 million people globally, and around 9 thousand in Europe. Although it affects individuals of all genders, races and sexual orientations, women and young girls have been recognised as the most vulnerable segment, accounting for 72% of victims in Europe. Along these lines, the majority of suspected and convicted sex traffickers in Europe are male individuals. It has been described as a discrete and subtle crime, hidden in plain sight, affecting every facet of society. In the tourism industry, the most affected segment is the hotel sector, which possesses some characteristics which act as enablers of sex trafficking. However, previous research has failed to properly identify such characteristics. In fact, sex trafficking is generally a highly neglected topic in research. To fill the current research gap, the thesis aimed at identifying, from employees´ perspective, the factors of the hotel industry which act as sex trafficking enablers in Amsterdam. The latter was chosen as focus area mainly because of its legislate on on prostitution, which was legalised in 1999. Previous research has recognised such legalisation as a challenge for institutions fighting sex trafficking, and various authors have recognised the importance of scientific research to solve the issue in the area. Through 15 individual interviews and two online questionnaires, this thesis identified 15 factors which act as crime enablers in the hotel industry in Amsterdam. They have been divided into macro, meso or micro level, depending on their nature. Among the main findings there are: the impact of current legislations, the police, hospitability and transiency, training and ease of access. These findings stand out because redeemed as having the most potential in contributing to fighting the issue, if properly taken into consideration. They summarize the need for a proper support system designed by the police and the government, which takes into consideration hospitability and transiency as characteristics of the hotel industry exploited by sex traffickers and takes a closer look at hotels with inappropriate training and ease of access to the hotel rooms, as these might be more susceptible to sex trafficking. The thesis is descriptive in nature; thus, it does not aim at finding solutions to the findings. The thesis concludes by giving suggestions of further research, such as adopting a strategic approach to find solutions to the identified factors.
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Mekui, Flora. "Réception des publicités des marques allemandes en France et celle des marques françaises en Allemagne : essai sur l'évolution des stéréotypes dans le secteur automobile." Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne (2017-2020), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017CLFAL020/document.
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Cette recherche en Sciences de l’Information et de la Communication a pour objectif d’analyser l’influence de la culture sur la production et la réception des publicités télévisées des marques automobiles françaises en Allemagne et celle des marques automobiles allemandes en France. Pour répondre à cette question de recherche, nous nous sommes inspirées de deux principales études sur les différences culturelles. La première nous vient d’Edward T. Hall qui a distingué les cultures en fonction que celles-ci appartiennent aux pays à contexte riche ou aux pays à contexte pauvre. La deuxième étude concerne l’approche culturelle de Hofstede sur laquelle nous prenons appui sur l’indice de collectivisme et d’individualisme ainsi que l’indice de masculinité et de féminité comme guide de lecture explicatif des différences culturelles entre la France et l’Allemagne. Notre travail a été décliné en deux grandes parties : la production et la réception. A travers l’analyse de contenu des publicités au niveau transnational et local (message, personnages, lieux d’actions, stéréotypes), nous avons mis en évidence deux résultats qui attestent de l’influence de la culture du pays d’origine de la marque et celle du pays de diffusion de la publicité sur la production. Du côté de la réception, trois résultats nous sont apparus au terme d’une enquête qualitative par questionnaire, auprès d’un échantillon d’étudiants français et allemands. Les premiers confirment l’impact de la culture sur la réception, les seconds soutiennent l’homogénéisation du discours publicitaire, c’est-à-dire la conception d’un consommateur unique. Enfin, les derniers ressortent l’influence de la culture du pays d’origine sur l’attitude envers l’annonce et la marqueThis research aims to analyze the influence of culture on the production and reception of television advertisements of French automobile brands in Germany, and that of German automobile brands in France. To answer this research question, we were inspired by two main studies on cultural differences: Edward T. Hall’s high and low context cultural factors and two of Hofstede's cultural dimensions, masculinity-femininity and collectivism-individualism. To answer our research question, we divided our research into two main parts: production and reception. For the production, we made a discourse analysis of the advertisements at the transnational and local level (message, characters, places of action, stereotypes). We found two results that attest to the influence of the culture of the brand's country of origin and that of the country where the advertisement will be televised. For the reception analysis, we established a qualitative survey of a sample of French and German students, three results appeared. The first ones confirm the impact of culture on reception. The second supports the homogenization of advertising discourse, that is to say the conception of a single consumer. And the third reflects the influence of the culture of the country of origin on the attitude towards the advertisement and the brand
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Smith, J. K. "Women in construction management : an examination of self-efficacy and perceived barriers /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 1999. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p9962553.
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Barker, Kenneth C. "Sexual Harassment Experience, Psychological Climate, and Sex Effect on Perception of Safety." ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/3276.
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Sexual harassment has significant adverse psychological and physical effects on employees and can negatively impact the workplace, and overall business operations. A gap in current research was identified concerning whether the employee's sex affects employee's perceived workplace sexual harassment climate, sexual harassment experience, and perceived safety from sexual harassment. This study examined the effects of employee workplace sexual harassment experience and perception of workplace sexual harassment psychological climate on employee's perceived safety from sexual harassment moderated by sex. Results showed that perceived workplace sexual harassment climate and employee workplace sexual harassment experience were both significant predictors of perceived safety from sexual harassment. Additionally, the findings revealed that for both men and women, high intolerance for sexual harassment and low employee sexual harassment experience were significantly associated with increased perceived safety from sexual harassment. When perceived workplace sexual harassment climate and employee sexual harassment experience were observed together, only perceived workplace sexual harassment climate was associated with increased perceived safety from sexual harassment. Further research into diverse populations and anti-harassment programming's impact on perceived safety may provide further insights. The findings from this study could assist decision-makers in organizations to promote better physical, psychological, and emotional security in the workplace. Therefore, reducing sexual harassment in the workplace would promote positive social change by reducing the number of adverse events affecting individuals, businesses, and society.
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Bailey-Hughes, Brenda. "An examination of information seeking tactics in professional relationships." Virtual Press, 1989. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/560302.
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The purpose of this study was to investigate the ways in which employees attempt to gain information about the relationship they have with their immediate supervisor. Uncertainty level and gender were predicted to be related variables. Prisbell and Andersen's uncertainty measurement scale, revised Baxter and Wilmot relational information-seeking tactics, and an original information-seeking frequency scale were utilized to examine 50 emergency service personnel on uncertainty level, frequency of information-seeking effort, and specific tactic utilization. Pearson product-moment correlations revealed no significant relationship between amount of uncertainty and frequency of information-seeking. Utilization of t-tests revealed no significant difference by gender in the frequency of information-seeking. The MANOVA results indicated no significant differences in the specific tactic utilization of males and females. However, Chi square values and univariate analyses identified the public presentation, joking, and hinting tactics as being used significantly more by males than females. It was recommended that research be continued in the area of working relationships.Department of Speech Communication
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Seib, Charrlotte. "Health, well-being and sexual violence among female sex workers : a comparative study." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2007. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/16398/1/Charlotte_Seib_Thesis.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
Background
- Prostitution has been documented in most societies, although the context in which it occurs may vary greatly. In Queensland, Australia, sex workers can operate from legal brothels or privately but all other sectors of the sex industry are prohibited. It is assumed that regulation of the sex industry through legalization leads to better health and social outcomes for sex workers and their clients. However, this assumption has rarely been subjected to empirical scrutiny.
Aims
- This research examined the occupational health and safety of female sex workers in Queensland and explored the relationship between legislative change, workplace violence, mental health and job satisfaction. Sex workers interviewed in 2003 (after legalisation) were compared to a prior study of this population conducted in 1991 (before official regulation of the sex industry). Further, in-depth analysis of the 2003 cohort compared sex workers employed in legal and illegal sectors, to assess violence, health status and job satisfaction.
Methods
- Cross-sectional, convenience sampling was used to collect data from female sex workers in 2003. This data was compared with data collected earlier (in 1991) and explored differences in the two samples using bivariate analysis. Similar recruitment strategies on both occasions were used to recruit women from all known sectors of the Queensland sex industry. The 1991 comparison sample (Boyle et al. 1997) included 200 women (aged between 16 and 46 years), and in 2003, 247 women (aged 18 to 57) participated. The 2003 sample included workers from legal brothels (n=102), private sole-operators (n=103) and illegal street-based sex workers (n=42). Using data collected in 2003, this study assessed the relationship between physical and mental health and job satisfaction and two main independent variables, i.e., current work sector and recent workplace violence. Bivariate analysis of physical health and independent variables showed no significant relationships and therefore further analysis was not undertaken. However, analysis of mental health and job satisfaction showed complex interactions between multiple variables and therefore linear modeling was performed to adjust for confounding.
Results
- Analysis of the 1991 and 2003 samples showed little apparent change over time in self-reported sexually transmitted infections (STIs). There were substantial changes over time in the types of sexual services being provided to clients, with the 2003 sample more likely to provide 'exotic' services. Violence experienced ever in their lifetime differed; in 1991, 29% reported having ever been raped compared with 42% in 2003 (p= <0.01). In 2003, 50% of illegal sex workers reported having ever been raped by a client compared with 12% of private sex workers and 3% of brothel-based sex workers (p=<0.01). Overall, the sex workers reported roughly equivalent job satisfaction to Australian women. A desire to leave the sex industry was most strongly correlated with reduced job satisfaction (p=<0.01). Satisfaction was also relatively low among those whose family was not aware of their sex work (p=<0.01). Similarly, the mental and physical health of this sample was comparable to age-matched women from the general population. Wanting to leave the sex industry was most strongly associated with poor mental health (p=<0.01), as was recent sexual or physical assault by a client (p=0.06) and the woman's main work sector (p=0.05). Illegal sex workers reported substantially lower mental health scores than their counterparts in legal sex work.
Conclusions
- Self-reported STI diagnosis was high in these samples but the prevalence appears not to have changed over time. Comparing 2003 to 1991, there were trends towards safer and more diverse sexual practices. It is likely the sex industry has 'professionalized' and now includes more sex workers providing specialist, 'exotic' services. This sample of female sex workers reported high rates of violence, with those working illegally at greatest risk. Analysis suggests a complex interaction between variables contributing to mental health and job satisfaction. In general, it appears that the majority of sex workers enjoyed at least as much job satisfaction as women working in other occupations. It also appears that this sample had equivalent mental health to women from the general population, although the sub-group of illegal workers generally had poorer health. Job satisfaction and the extent of workplace hazards (especially risk of violence) were also strongly associated with different sectors of the sex industry. It is probable that legalisation has benefited some (perhaps most) but there are health and safety concerns for those outside the legal framework. Legislative reform should focus on violence prevention, promoting reporting of violent events to police, and further exploration of the impact of legislation on the health of workers in the sex industry.
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Seib, Charrlotte. "Health, well-being and sexual violence among female sex workers : a comparative study." Queensland University of Technology, 2007. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/16398/.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Prostitution has been documented in most societies, although the context in which it occurs may vary greatly. In Queensland, Australia, sex workers can operate from legal brothels or privately but all other sectors of the sex industry are prohibited. It is assumed that regulation of the sex industry through legalization leads to better health and social outcomes for sex workers and their clients. However, this assumption has rarely been subjected to empirical scrutiny. Aims: This research examined the occupational health and safety of female sex workers in Queensland and explored the relationship between legislative change, workplace violence, mental health and job satisfaction. Sex workers interviewed in 2003 (after legalisation) were compared to a prior study of this population conducted in 1991 (before official regulation of the sex industry). Further, in-depth analysis of the 2003 cohort compared sex workers employed in legal and illegal sectors, to assess violence, health status and job satisfaction. Methods: Cross-sectional, convenience sampling was used to collect data from female sex workers in 2003. This data was compared with data collected earlier (in 1991) and explored differences in the two samples using bivariate analysis. Similar recruitment strategies on both occasions were used to recruit women from all known sectors of the Queensland sex industry. The 1991 comparison sample (Boyle et al. 1997) included 200 women (aged between 16 and 46 years), and in 2003, 247 women (aged 18 to 57) participated. The 2003 sample included workers from legal brothels (n=102), private sole-operators (n=103) and illegal street-based sex workers (n=42). Using data collected in 2003, this study assessed the relationship between physical and mental health and job satisfaction and two main independent variables, i.e., current work sector and recent workplace violence. Bivariate analysis of physical health and independent variables showed no significant relationships and therefore further analysis was not undertaken. However, analysis of mental health and job satisfaction showed complex interactions between multiple variables and therefore linear modeling was performed to adjust for confounding. Results: Analysis of the 1991 and 2003 samples showed little apparent change over time in self-reported sexually transmitted infections (STIs). There were substantial changes over time in the types of sexual services being provided to clients, with the 2003 sample more likely to provide 'exotic' services. Violence experienced ever in their lifetime differed; in 1991, 29% reported having ever been raped compared with 42% in 2003 (p= <0.01). In 2003, 50% of illegal sex workers reported having ever been raped by a client compared with 12% of private sex workers and 3% of brothel-based sex workers (p=<0.01). Overall, the sex workers reported roughly equivalent job satisfaction to Australian women. A desire to leave the sex industry was most strongly correlated with reduced job satisfaction (p=<0.01). Satisfaction was also relatively low among those whose family was not aware of their sex work (p=<0.01). Similarly, the mental and physical health of this sample was comparable to age-matched women from the general population. Wanting to leave the sex industry was most strongly associated with poor mental health (p=<0.01), as was recent sexual or physical assault by a client (p=0.06) and the woman's main work sector (p=0.05). Illegal sex workers reported substantially lower mental health scores than their counterparts in legal sex work. Conclusions: Self-reported STI diagnosis was high in these samples but the prevalence appears not to have changed over time. Comparing 2003 to 1991, there were trends towards safer and more diverse sexual practices. It is likely the sex industry has 'professionalized' and now includes more sex workers providing specialist, 'exotic' services. This sample of female sex workers reported high rates of violence, with those working illegally at greatest risk. Analysis suggests a complex interaction between variables contributing to mental health and job satisfaction. In general, it appears that the majority of sex workers enjoyed at least as much job satisfaction as women working in other occupations. It also appears that this sample had equivalent mental health to women from the general population, although the sub-group of illegal workers generally had poorer health. Job satisfaction and the extent of workplace hazards (especially risk of violence) were also strongly associated with different sectors of the sex industry. It is probable that legalisation has benefited some (perhaps most) but there are health and safety concerns for those outside the legal framework. Legislative reform should focus on violence prevention, promoting reporting of violent events to police, and further exploration of the impact of legislation on the health of workers in the sex industry.
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Belem, Fabiana Rodrigues. "Do seixo ao zoólito. A indústria lítica dos sambaquis do sul catarinense: aspectos formais, tecnológicos e funcionais." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/71/71131/tde-05062012-112145/.
Full textAbstract:
Os grandes sambaquis do litoral sul catarinense vêm sendo alvo de pesquisas sistemáticas há algumas décadas. No entanto, diversos sambaquis de pequeno porte, compostos por um único pacote enegrecido, rico em conchas e material orgânico vêm sendo mapeados nos últimos anos pelos membros do projeto temático Sambaquis e Paisagem. Estes pequenos sambaquis, quase sempre, não acompanham o processo formativo modelado para os grandes sambaquis da região (e.g. Jab II), mas guardam com eles uma relação estreita, devido à contemporaneidade e proximidade espacial que apresentam. Apesar da variabilidade que os sambaquis da região exibem, estruturas habitacionais não foram evidenciadas, nem tão pouco quaisquer outras que possam estar ligadas com as atividades cotidianas destes grupos. Ao apresentar como foco central deste estudo o caso do sambaqui Lagoa dos Bichos II, um sambaqui pequeno e não-funerário que inclui em sua composição um conjunto artefatual lítico bastante peculiar, procuramos contribuir para o entendimento da organização tecnológica sambaquieira e sua dinâmica de ocupação regional.The monumental sambaquis from the south coast of Santa Catarina have already a long tradition within the Brazilian archeology studies, being the target of systematic research for some decades now. However, several small sambaquis, composed of a single blackish layer, rich in shells and organic material have been mapped in recent years by members of the project Sambaquis e Paisagem (Sambaquis and Landscape). These small sambaquis, very often, do not follow the formative process modeled for the large shell mounds in the region (e.g. Jab II). However, these little ones keep a close relationship with the larger shell mounds due to the contemporary and spatial proximity that they present. Despite the variability presented by the shell mounds of the area, evidences of household structures were not found, nor other structures that could be linked with the daily activities of this groups. Thus, in presenting the case of the sambaqui Lagos dos Bichos II, a small and non-funerary mound, with a large amount of lithic artifacts along its surface and surroundings, and the focus of this work, we intend to contribute in the understanding of the moundbuilders\' technological organization and dynamics of regional occupation.
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Sahlström, Maria, and Emilie Berghult. "Matens roll i reseupplevelsen : En intervjustudie med sex nyckelaktörer i turismnäringen." Thesis, Högskolan Kristianstad, Sektionen för hälsa och samhälle, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hkr:diva-9573.
Full textAbstract:
Syftet med denna intervjustudie var att undersöka hur ett antal nyckelaktörer inom turismnäringen såg på matens roll och hur de arbetade med matupplevelser i praktiken. Insamling av data genomfördes genom semi-strukturerade intervjuer som transkriberades och analyserades utifrån en mall för kvalitativ bearbetning av text. De aktörer som fungerade som informanter för undersökningen arbetade samtliga med matturism på nationell, regional eller lokal nivå. De aktörer som deltog i studien var Landsbygdsdepartementet, Visit Sweden, Regional Matkultur Småland, Smaka på Skåne, Kristianstad Kommun och Idala Gård. Undersökningens resultat visade att samtliga aktörer ansåg att maten hade en given roll inom turismnäringen. Informanterna betonade vikten av att producenter ser matens potential till att bli en matupplevelse och synliggör den för turister. Ett skäl till att detta inte alltid görs kunde bero på den bild svenskar har av svensk mat och svensk matkultur menade informanterna. De förespråkade en stolthet över svensk mat och mattradition. I undersökningen framkom även att matupplevelser fått en alltmer självklar plats inom turismnäringen, både som en huvudanledning till, eller som en betydande del av resan. Informanterna framhöll att fördelen med matupplevelser jämfört med andra upplevelser var att matupplevelsen aktiverar samtliga sinnen och därmed bidrar till en total turismupplevelse.The purpose of this qualitative study was to examine how key stakeholders see food as a part of the tourist industry and how they work with food experiences in practice. Data collection was collected by semi-structured interviews which were transcribed and analyzed within the model of processing a qualitative text. The stakeholders which participated were Landsbygdsdepartementet, Visit Sweden, Regional Matkultur Småland, Smaka på Skåne, Kristianstad Kommun and Idala gård. The interviewed stakeholders are working with food tourism at national, regional and local level. The results showed that all the participants thought food had a specific role within the tourist industry. In this study, it became clear that the respondents emphasized the importance for producers to see the potential food have to become a food experience and at the same time to make it more visible for tourists. A reason for this would be the view of Swedish food culture that the respondents think Swedish people have. It is important to see the unique assets which are available and to be proud of the culture. It also shows that food experiences have a more obvious role in tourist industry, both as the main reason or as part of the travel. The advantage of the food experiences in relation to other experiences is the use of all the senses, thus providing a total tourism experience.
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Fröberg, Emma. "FEMALE SEX WORKERS LIFE IN A TIME OF PANDEMIC : A QUALITATIVE STUDY ON THE CONSEQUENCES OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN SWEDEN." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Malmö högskola, Institutionen för kriminologi (KR), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-43171.
Full textAbstract:
In 2020, COVID-19 spread worldwide, and a state of pandemic was declared by the World Health Organization. Female sex workers are in many ways dependant on the social conditions of society and have, throughout time, been considered as a highly victimized group. This study aims to gain insight into the changes and consequences the COVID-19 pandemic has had on female sex workers in Sweden by conducting semi-structured interviews with individuals who, through their employment, have connections to female sex workers. The collected data were analyzed using thematic analysis. The results revealed four themes that describe the changes and consequences witnessed by the participants. The first theme entails the vulnerabilities and circumstances that female sex workers are conditioned by in society. The second theme demonstrates the economic consequences which the pandemic outbreak caused. Not only in relation to expenses and difficulties traveling but also in terms of an increased market due to unemployment and lockdowns in Central Europe. This theme also includes a subgroup of physical consequences as a result of the competition created by the increased market of female sex workers in Sweden. This has caused the women to have to take additional risks and abuse. The third theme includes the bureaucratic and social complications caused by the social restrictions enforced to hinder the spread of the COVID-19. The fourth and last theme presents the participants' post-pandemic predictions.
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Mohammad, Abdullatif S. H. "Management and work environment in Kuwait society : the implication of gender for management style." Thesis, University of Stirling, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/2204.
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The research focused on three main themes in the Kuwait society. The first study is developed to measure the differences in the characteristics of the work environment between the public and the private sectors within Kuwait labor force. The study had been conducted on 80 managers of both sexes and 266 employees of both sexes from the public sector, and 80 managers of both sexes and 274 employees of both sexes from the private sector. The results had indicated that according to the combined group (employees and managers, both sexes), the private sector exceeded the public sector regarding: involvement, peer-cohesion, task orientation, work-pressure, clarity, control, innovation and physical-comfort. Only the employees sample showed similar results. By comparing the male employees and the female employees in both sectors, it was clear that males had higher mean scores than females regarding involvement, task orientation, work-pressure, clarity, and control. Also, the results of the manager group is consistent with the combined group (both employees and managers, both sexes). However, the comparison between the male managers and female managers in both sectors indicated that, involvement, staff-support, clarity, control, innovation, and physical-comfort were higher in males than their females counterparts. The second study is designed to clarify any differences in personality traits between male and female Kuwaiti managers. The study has been conducted on 150 male and 150 female managers from Kuwait society. The results showed few differences between male and female managers. It was clear that males were more lively or enthusiastic and more imaginative than females. While, females were more depressive (as a personality characteristic) or apprehensive than male managers. The third study is concerned with the status profile of Kuwaiti women during the oil era (1946-1960) and developing period (1960-1985) regarding her social, educational, and vocational status. So, regarding work environment, work in the private sector was more likely to be seen as high in the involvement factor, more concerned with the work's regulations, conscientious, and more likely to remain and conform to the organization's disciplinary systems, more committed to new styles and modern systems in their jobs to achieve their targets, and they were more interested with their work place, than their public staff counterparts. Also, the private sector is often seen as an efficient and productive work sector in comparison with the public sector. Regarding the personality traits, Kuwaiti male managers appear to be more enthusiastic and lively with strong and imaginative personality traits. However, the Kuwaiti female managers appear to have strong apprehensive personality traits.
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Emory, Winola Frances. "TQM, the feminine principle, and social change: the importance of principled implementation." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/39727.
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W. Edwards Deming/s management philosophy of continuous improvement, TQM, has gained attention in the public and private sectors as a means of resolving the "crisis" in modern American organizations. TQM's effectiveness is dependent on its principled implementation. As an imbalanced perspective, the hyper-rational masculine conventional management wisdom has thwarted real organizational innovations by limiting methods, techniques, and actions to its frame of assumptions. A radically different set of assumptions or world view, the feminine perspective, is needed to provide balance and to create the possibility of true innovation that can lead to resolution of the crisis faced by American organizations.
Jungian psychoanalytic understanding of psyche structure, development, and the dynamics of repression provide the theoretical framework for understanding the importance of a principled implementation of TQM. This principled implementation will avert an masculine warping of TQM and will provide a means of balance between the masculine and feminine principles. Critical analysis of documentation and literature reveals clear evidence of TQM's congruence with the feminine principle and its potential for radical change in organizations and society.Ph. D.
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Mugari, Sipikelelo. "Obstacles school-going female adolescents in Gweru face in translating HIV/AIDS knowledge and attitudes into HIV preventive sexual behaviours." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/6681.
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Thesis (MPhil (Industrial Psychology. Africa Centre for HIV/AIDS Management))--University of Stellenbosch, 2011.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The vulnerability of female adolescents to HIV/AIDS has been widely documented with little effort being made to investigate the obstacles that these female adolescents actually face in translating HIV knowledge and attitudes into HIV preventive behaviours. The researcher randomly selected 120 school going female adolescents aged between 14-19, from six secondary schools in the Gweru District in an effort to assess their levels of knowledge on HIV/AIDS and their attitudes towards HIV prevention. The study aimed to uncover the obstacles the female adolescents face in practicing HIV preventive sexual behaviours. Inferences drawn from the study point to the fact that although female adolescents may have high levels of knowledge on HIV/AIDS and positive attitudes towards HIV prevention, there are cultural and religious values that promote male dominance in patriarchal societies and female docility thereby leaving little or no room for females to negotiate HIV prevention in sexual relationships. Poverty- driven economic dependency on men, orphan hood, peer pressure, lack of support from parents and guardians on issues to do with their sex and sexuality, lack of skills to be assertive and negative attitudes of health service providers were some of the barriers the female adolescents face as they try to pave their way in to safe motherhood.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die kwesbaarheid van vroulike adolessente aan MIV/vigs is wyd gedokumenteer met min moeite wat gemaak word die struikelblokke te ondersoek dat hierdie vroulike adolessente werklik gesig in die vertaling van MIV kennis en gesindhede in MIV voorkomende gedrag. Die navorser lukraak gekies 120 skoolgaande vroulike adolessente tussen die ouderdomme van 14-19, van ses sekondêre skole in die Gweru-distrik in 'n poging om hulle vlakke van kennis oor MIV / vigs en hul houding teenoor MIV-voorkoming te evalueer. Die studie is daarop gerig om die struikelblokke ontbloot die vroulike adolessente gesig in die beoefening van MIV voorkomende seksuele gedrag. Gevolgtrekkings waartoe die studie verwys na die feit dat alhoewel vroulike adolessente kan 'n hoë vlakke van kennis oor MIV / vigs en 'n positiewe houding teenoor MIV-voorkoming, is daar kulturele en godsdienstige waardes wat die bevordering van manlike oorheersing in patriargale samelewings en vroulike handelbaarheid daardeur sodat daar min of geen ruimte vir vrouens MIV-voorkoming in seksuele verhoudings te onderhandel. Armoede-gedrewe ekonomiese afhanklikheid van mans, wees kap, groepsdruk, gebrek aan ondersteuning van ouers en voogde op die kwessies te doen het met hul seks en seksualiteit, gebrek aan vaardighede om selfgeldend en negatiewe houdings van gesondheid diensverskaffers is 'n paar van die hindernisse die vroulike adolessente gesig soos hulle probeer om hul weg te baan in 'n veilige moederskap.
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Watkins, Jessica. "From fallen women to risen heroines representations of gender and sexuality in American film, 1929-1942 /." Huntington, WV : [Marshall University Libraries], 2005. http://www.marshall.edu/etd/descript.asp?ref=539.
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Schmidt, Anja, and Nina Schumacher. "Pornographie." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2017. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-220860.
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Etymologisch leitet sich der Begriff Pornographie aus dem Griechischen von "pornográphos" (πορνογράφος), "über Huren schreibend", ab. Der heutige Gebrauch des Begriffs ist vielfältig. Inhaltlich-funktionalen Definitionen zufolge liegt Pornographie dann vor, wenn nackte Körper bei sexuellen Handlungen direkt und detailliert zu sehen sind. Pornografie ist Austragungsort gesellschaftlicher Debatten über die Legitimität der öffentlichen Thematisierung von Sexualität, über Gewalt (gegen Frauen) und über Geschlechterbilder. Seit den 1990er Jahren setzte verstärkt die Akademisierung des Themas ein.
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Lima, João Paulo Cavalcante. "Uma etnografia sobre o trabalho sexual masculino na cidade de São Paulo." reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/18988.
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The sex industry undoubtedly moves millions of dollars annually in Brazil and billions of dollars worldwide. In view of the various possibilities of business existing in the Brazilian sex industry, for this thesis, our study will be limited to male prostitution, in view of the fact that the taboo and the stigmas about it are still many, which makes this subject scarcely studied and completely neglected by the scientific researches carried out in our country. In addition, there is no research in the area of Organizational Studies in Brazil that deals with male sex work, what justifies the originality of this work. Thus, this research has as the objective to present how the male sex commerce in the city of São Paulo is organized, through male prostitutes' perception, and to identify what are the factors that impact on the professionals' performance. For this, a qualitative research with ethnographic inspiration was done, considering this part of the notion of the social construction of the world of the prostitutes' work. To collect empirical material, a collection of field survey data was utilized by the use multiple techniques, such as: semi-structured interview, direct observation and in-depth case analysis. In all, 30 interviews were conducted, with an average of 50-minute records, and 6 months of direct observation in places where male prostitution in the city of São Paulo takes place. After transcriptions, interviews were submitted to analysis with the help of software WEFT-QDA®. For the substantive theory elaboration, I´ve selected the application of the Grounded Theory as methodology. During the data analysis process, information was grouped into 4 categories and 33 subcategories. By analyzing the data, I have identified a central theory category, with which all others are related, which has been named 'Male Sex Work: A Social Fallacy of an Easy and Transient Life'. The main results of this research reveal that the way the male sex market is organized in the current society of São Paulo breaks with the conception of territoriality, since currently, sex workers can prospect their clients through physical and / or virtual spaces of prostitution, thus arising a new conception of the organization of sex work, which has been termed in this substantive theory as interactional environments for sexual purposes. Another important result is that the profile of professionals working in the field of male sex work has undergone major changes in the last decades, mainly due to the tools of information technology and communication, which have greatly stimulated the entry of more individuals into this market. It is also due to the emergence and popularization of drugs for the treatment of erectile dysfunction, which eventually increased the useful life of these professionals in the sex market. The substantive theory proposed here is provisional and contingent and reflects the interpretation of a particular researcher. It is thus hoped that it will broaden the field of studies in the area of Organizational Studies and encourage researchers to continue research on male sex work.
A indústria do sexo, sem sombra de dúvidas, movimenta milhões de reais anualmente no Brasil e bilhões de dólares no mundo todo. Diante das diversas possibilidades de negócios existentes na indústria do sexo brasileira, para esta tese delimitou-se o estudo da prostituição masculina, tendo em vista que o tabu e os estigmas acerca dela ainda são muitos o que torna essa temática pouco estudada e completamente negligenciada pelas pesquisas científicas realizadas em nosso país. Ademais, não existem pesquisas na área dos Estudos Organizacionais no Brasil que tratem do trabalho sexual masculino, o que justifica a originalidade deste trabalho. Dessa forma, esta pesquisa tem por objetivo conhecer como está organizado o comércio do sexo masculino na cidade de São Paulo na percepção dos garotos de programa e identificar quais são os fatores que impactam na atuação desses profissionais. Para tanto, foi realizada uma pesquisa qualitativa com inspiração etnográfica, visto que esta parte da noção da construção social da realidade do mundo do trabalho dos prostitutos. Para reunir material empírico, a coleta dos dados da pesquisa de campo se utilizou de múltiplas técnicas, tais como: entrevista semiestruturada, observação direta e análise de casos em profundidade. Ao todo, foram realizadas 30 entrevistas que possuíam em média 50 minutos de duração e 6 meses de observação direta em locais onde a prostituição masculina ocorre na cidade de São Paulo. Após as transcrições, as entrevistas foram submetidas à análise com o auxílio do software WEFT-QDA®. Para elaboração da teoria substantiva, optei pela aplicação da Grounded Theory como método. Durante o processo de análise dos dados, eles foram agrupados em 4 categorias e 33 subcategorias. Por meio da análise dos dados, identifiquei uma categoria central da teoria, com a qual todas as outras estão relacionadas, que foi denominada de 'Trabalho sexual masculino: a falácia social de uma vida fácil e transitória'. Os principais resultados desta pesquisa revelam que a forma como o mercado sexual masculino está organizado na atual sociedade paulistana rompe com a concepção de territorialidade, pois atualmente, os profissionais do sexo podem prospectar seus clientes por meio de espaços físicos e/ou virtuais de prostituição, surgindo uma nova concepção de organização do trabalho sexual, que foi denominada nesta teoria substantiva de ambientes interacionais para fins sexuais. Outro importante resultado é que o perfil dos profissionais que atuam no ramo do trabalho sexual masculino sofreu grandes modificações nas últimas décadas, principalmente em função das ferramentas da tecnologia da informação e da comunicação, que impulsionaram sobremaneira a entrada de mais indivíduos nesse mercado, e também por causa do surgimento e popularização dos medicamentos para tratamento da disfunção erétil, que acabou por aumentar o tempo de vida útil desses profissionais no mercado do sexo. A teoria substantiva aqui proposta é provisória e contingente e reflete a interpretação de um pesquisador em particular. Espera-se que ela amplie o campo de estudos na área dos Estudos Organizacionais e estimule pesquisadores na continuidade da investigação acerca do trabalho sexual masculino.
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Wittman, Cori. "From rice fields to red light districts: an economic examination of factors motivating employment in Thailand’s sex industry." Thesis, Kansas State University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/13109.
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Master of AgribusinessDepartment of Agricultural Economics
Vincent Amanor-Boadu
This research identifies factors that distinguish rural women who have migrated to Bangkok for the purpose of enhancing their economic wellbeing by engaging in the sex industry and those who have stayed in their rural communities and are not engaged in the sex industry. The research used primary data collected through interviews in the red light districts of Bangkok and Pattaya and in villages in the rural provinces of Buriram, Udon Thani, Sakon Nakhon, Chayaphum and Khon Kaen in Thailand. A total of 100 respondents provided information for the study: 55 percent from the red light districts and the remainder from the provinces. The data were analyzed using logit regression modeling approach as well as statistical analysis. The statistical analysis provided the descriptive statistics of the respondents and an overview of the data. The logit regression modeling approach facilitated the estimation of the responses of the probability of working in the red light entertainment districts to specified demographic and psychographic variables. The pseudo R-square of the logit model was 46.2 percent for the base model, which included age, marital status, number of male and female siblings respectively, birth position and number of children, education, financial responsibility and average monthly age. The results indicated that marital status was significant at the 1 percent level, exhibiting a marginal effect of about -35.2 percent. That is, when the marital status of a respondent changed from unmarried (0) to married (1), the probability of sex industry participation decreased by about 35 percent. Assessing the effect only among respondents with children, the results are not very different from the base model. The pseudo R-square for this model – which is the same as the base model, except that it has Teen Mother as a variable – was 61.4 percent with a total number of observations of 78 instead of the original 100. This implies that about 22 respondents did not have any children. In this model, the marital status variable is significant at the 1 percent level as was the number of female siblings. The average monthly wage is significant at the 5 percent level, with a 1000 Thai Baht increase in wages leading to a marginal 0.01 percent decline in the probability of sex industry participation. Education, under this model, is statistically significant at the 10 percent level, with another year of education decreasing the probability of sex industry participation by 2.5 percent. The foregoing provides some clear policy direction. Specific efforts may be invested in enhancing the education of women in Thailand, which is expected to increase their economic situation. However, this expectation would not materialize if investments are not made to enhance the economic opportunities available to women across the economic spectrum. Perhaps most importantly, however, this study shows that incremental improvement in educational and economic opportunities for rural women alone may not achieve lasting results if cultural paradigms regarding marriage, relational fidelity and imbalanced socio-cultural obligations of daughters are not addressed in tandem.