Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Indonesian Papua'
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1
O'Hare, Martin. "The Indonesian military in Irian Jaya." Thesis, [Canberra : Strategic and Defence Studies Centre, Research School of Pacific Studies, Australian National Univerity], 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/144273.
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O'Hare, Martin. "The Indonesian military in Irian Jaya." [Canberra : Strategic and Defence Studies Centre, Research School of Pacific Studies, Australian National Univerity], 1991. http://www.papuaweb.org/dlib/s123/ohare2/%5Fma.html.
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Giay, Benny. "Zakheus Pakage and his communities indigenous religious discourse, socio-political resistance, and ethnohistory of the Me of Irian Jaya /." [Indonesia] : UNIPA-ANU-UNCEN PapuaWeb Project, 2002. http://www.papuaweb.org/dlib/s123/giay/%5Fphd.html.
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Harple, Todd S. "Controlling the dragon : an ethno-historical analysis of social engagement among the Kamoro of South-West New Guinea (Indonesia Papua/Irian Jaya)." View thesis entry in Australian Digital Theses Program, 2000. http://thesis.anu.edu.au/public/adt-ANU20030401.173221/index.html.
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Heidbüchel, Esther. "The conflict in West Papua facts and fiction in Indonesian politics /." Giessen : IRU, 2005. http://deposit.d-nb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=986597570.
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Harple, Todd S., and tharple@hotmail com. "Controlling the Dragon: An ethno-historical analysis of social engagement among the Kamoro of South-West New Guinea (Indonesian Papua/Irian Jaya)." The Australian National University. Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, 2002. http://thesis.anu.edu.au./public/adt-ANU20030401.173221.
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This thesis examines how the Kamoro (also known as the Mimika) people of the south-west coast of Papua (former Irian Jaya), Indonesia have adapted to major political and economic changes over a long history of interactions with outsiders. More specifically, it is an ethnohistorical analysis of Kamoro strategies of engagement dating back to the seventeenth century, but focusing on the twentieth century. Taking ethnohistory to most generally refer to the investigation of the social and cultural distinctiveness of historical consciousness, this thesis examines how perceptions and activities of the past shape interpretations of the present. Though this thesis privileges Kamoro perspectives, it juxtaposes them against broader ethnohistorical analyses of the outsiders with whom they have interacted. For the Kamoro, amoko-kwere, narratives about the ancestral (and eternal) cultural heroes, underlie indigenous modes of historical consciousness which are ultimately grounded in forms of social reciprocity. One key characteristic of the amoko-kwere is the incorporation of foreign elements and their reformulation as products of indigenous agency. As a result of this reinterpretation expectations are raised concerning the exchange of foreign material wealth and abilities, both classified in the Kamoro language as kata. Foreign withholding of kata emerges as a dominant theme in amoko-kwere and is interpreted as theft, ultimately establishing relationships of negative reciprocity between the Kamoro and the powerful outsiders. These feelings are mirrored in contemporary Kamoro conceptions of their relationships with the Indonesian State and the massive PT Freeport Indonesia Mining Company who use a significant amount of Kamoro land for deposition of mining waste (tailings) and for the development of State and company infrastructure.
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Kjar, Renée Giay Benny. "The invisible aristocrat Benny Giay in Papuan history /." [Sydney, Australia] : Australiann National University, Discipline of Asian Studies, 2002. http://www.papuaweb.org/dlib/s123/kjar/%5Fba.pdf.
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Thesis (B.A.)--Discipline of Asian Studies, Australian National University, 2002.Title from thesis home page (viewed Dec. 6, 2004). Title from start screen (viewed Aug. 19, 2004). "December 2002."
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Neilson, David John. "Christianity in Irian (West Papua)." University of Sydney, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/1560.
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de, Sousa Hilário. "The Menggwa Dla language of New Guinea." University of Sydney, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/1341.
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Doctor of Philosophy(PhD)Menggwa Dla is a Papuan language spoken in Sandaun Province of Papua New Guinea and Kabupaten Jayapura of Papua Province, Indonesia. Menggwa Dla is a dialect of the Dla language; together with its sister language Anggor (e.g. Litteral 1980), the two languages form the Senagi language family, one of the small Papuan language families found in North-Central New Guinea. The main text of this thesis is divided into seven chapters. Chapter 1 introduces the linguistic, cultural and political landscapes of the Indonesia-Papua New Guinea border area where the Dla territory is located. Chapter 2 introduces the phonology of Menggwa Dla; described in this chapter are the phonemes, allophonic variations, phonotactics, morpho-phonological processes, stress assignment and intonation of the language. The inventory of phonemes in Menggwa is average for a Papuan language (15 consonants and 5 vowels). The vast majority of syllables come in the shape of V, CV or C1C2V where C2 can be /n/ /r/ /l/ /j/ or /w/. In C1C2V syllables, the sonority rises from C1 to V (§2.2.2). Nevertheless, there are a few words with word-medial consonant sequences like ft /ɸt/, lk /lk/, lf /lɸ/ or lk /lk/ where the sonority drops from the first to the second consonant; the first consonant in these sequences is analysed as the coda of the previous syllable (§2.2.3). Chapter 3 is an overview of the word classes in Menggwa Dla; the morphological, syntactic and semantic properties of the three major word classes (nouns, adjectives and verbs) and the minor word classes are compared in this chapter. Chapter 4 describes the properties of nouns and noun phrases; the person-number-gender categories, noun-phrasal syntax, nominal clitics and personal pronouns are outlined in this chapter. Menggwa Dla has a rich array of case, topic and focus markers which comes in the form of clitics (§4.5). Subject pronouns (‘citation pronouns’) only mark person (i.e. one for each of the three persons), whereas object and genitive pronouns mark person (including inclusive/exclusive first person), number, and sometimes also gender features (§4.6). Chapter 5 introduces various morphological and syntactic issues which are common to both independent and dependent clauses: verb stems, verb classes, cross-referencing, intraclausal syntax, syntactic transitivity and semantic valence. Cross-referencing in Menggwa Dla is complex: there are seven paradigms of subject cross-reference suffixes and four paradigms of object cross-references. Based on their cross-referencing patterns, verbs are classified into one of five verb classes (§5.2). There is often a mismatch between the number of cross-reference suffixes, the semantic valence, and the syntactic transitivity within a clause. There are verbs where the subject cross-reference suffix, or the object suffix, or both the subject and object suffixes are semantically empty (‘dummy cross-reference suffixes’; §5.3.2). Chapter 6 outlines the morphology of independent verbs and copulas. Verbal morphology differs greatly between the three statuses of realis, semi-realis and irrealis; a section is devoted to the morphology for each of the three statuses. Chapter 7 introduces the dependent clauses and verbal noun phrases. Different types of dependent verbs are deverbalised to various degrees: subordinate verbs are the least deverbalised, chain verbs are more deverbalised (but they mark switch-reference (SR), and sometimes also interclausal temporal relations), and non-finite chain verbs even more deverbalised. Further deverbalised than the non-finite chain verbs are the verbal nouns; verbal noun phrases in Menggwa Dla functions somewhat like complement clauses in English. In younger speakers speech, the function of the chain clause SR system has diverted from the canonical SR system used by older speakers (§7.2.2). For younger speakers, coreferential chain verb forms and disjoint-reference chain verb forms only have their coreferential and disjoint-referential meaning — respectively — when the person-number-gender features of the two subject cross-reference suffixes cannot resolve the referentiality of the two subjects. Otherwise, the coreferential chain verb forms have become the unmarked SR-neutral chain verb forms. At the end of this thesis are appendix 1, which contains four Menggwa Dla example texts, and appendix 2, which contains tables of cross-reference suffixes, pronouns, copulas and irregular verbs.
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Rahmawati, Arifah. "Papuan enthno-political conflict : causes, contexts, and policy implication /." Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2004. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion/04Mar%5FRahmawati.pdf.
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Thesis (M.A. in Security Studies (Security Building in Post-Conflict Environment))--Naval Postgraduate School, March 2004.Thesis advisor(s): Douglas Porch. Includes bibliographical references (p. 75-77). Also available online.
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Usman, Asnani. "Border tensions in the Indonesia/Papua New Guinea relationship." Thesis, Canberra, ACT : The Australian National University, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/111183.
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The relationship between Indonesia and Papua New Guinea has been significantly
affected by problems associated with the border between them. This has not been a
dispute about the boundary itself. There is a line on the map which the two countries
have agreed to accept Rather, the border problem which has arisen between the two
countries concerns an independence movement called the ‘Organisasi Papua Merdeka’
(Free Papua Movement - OPM) which since 1963 has been active against Indonesia and
has repeatedly crossed the border to seek refuge in neighbouring Papua New Guinea;
incursions in Papua New Guinea by the Indonesian military in pursuit of the OPM; and
thousands of Irian Jayan refugees who have crossed the border to seek sanctuary in
Papua New Guinea. Since Papua New Guinea’s independence in 1975 the border problem has intensified,
especially in 1984 when an uprising in Jayapura resulted in an influx of 12,(XX) refugees
into Papua New Guinea territory. This heightened security concerns in the two
countries. For Jakarta, the refugees could become bases for the OPM to threaten
Indonesia’s security; for Papua New Guinea on the other hand, there were concerns
about possible Indonesian border incursions in an attempt to destroy the OPM.
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Heidbüchel, Esther. "The West Papua conflict in Indonesia actors, issues and approaches." Wettenberg Herrmann, J-&-J-Verl, 2007. http://www.jhjj.de/files/9783937983103.html.
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Hisada, Toru. "Indigenous development and self-determination in West Papua : socio-political and economic impacts of mining upon the Amungme and Kamoro communities of West Papua /." Saarbrücken, Germany : VDM Verlag Dr. Müller, 2008. http://firstsearch.oclc.org/WebZ/DCARead?standardNoType=1&standardNo=9783639031560:srcdbname=worldcat:fromExternal=true&sessionid=0.
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Hisada, Toru. "Indigenous Development and Self-Determination in West Papua: A Case Study of the Socio-Political and Economic Impacts of Mining upon the Amungme and Kamoro Communities of West Papua." The University of Waikato, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10289/2457.
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Since West Papua was colonized by Indonesia in 1963, West Papuans have endured one of the most disastrous experiences of cultural and environmental destruction, human rights abuses and mass killing of the twentieth century. In the Western Highlands of West Papua, where Freeport McMoRan, a mining company from Louisiana, United States (U.S.), operates, there have been long-standing disputes over environmental justice, human rights, the right to control development, and wealth distribution. Substantial research has been done on the negative impacts of the Freeport's operation on the Amungme and Kamoro communities who reside in the company's operating area. Yet, limited research has been done regarding Freeport's social policies and the possible solutions to the issues which are crucial for the further development of Amungme and Kamoro. Therefore, the thesis firstly examines Freeport's recent social policies which have attempted to address the two communities' concerns as well as the social problems the company has caused around its operating area. The examination suggests that genuine reconciliation between Amungme and Kamoro communities and Freeport is a crucial next step in achieving successful community development in the area. The thesis employs a case study of the South African reconciliation processes via Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC) to explore the prospects of achieving successful community development in Freeport's operating area of West Papua which might lead to prosperity for the Amungme and Kamoro peoples. In addition to this, the prospect of preventing the human rights violations by the Indonesian Military (Tentera Nasional Indonesia-TNI) is considered. The TNI, by carrying out the role of protecting the Freeport operation, has until today committed a large number of human rights violations against indigenous West Papuans around the mine thus preventing and inhibiting the future development of Amungme and Kamoro communities. Since major countries, including the U.S., the United Kingdom (UK), New Zealand and Australia, have until today, supported the Indonesia state and the TNI, the attitude of Pacific Island states towards the issue is examined. Finally, although the above processes are important, the study suggests the more important role of the Amungme and Kamoro themselves in taking responsibility for their plight and taking positive actions wherever possible to solve the issues surrounding them. Although the conflict continues to the present day, the research contained in the thesis outlines the situation in West Papua only up until November 2006.
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Permana, Donaldi Sukma. "Reconstruction of Tropical Pacific Climate Variability from Papua Ice Cores, Indonesia." The Ohio State University, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1449155469.
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Rahmawati, Arifah. "Papuan ethno-political conflict: causes, contexts, and policy implication." Thesis, Monterey California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/1634.
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Approved for public release; distribution is unlimitedThis thesis examines causes and contexts of conflict in the Papua province of Indonesia. The Papua conflict is categorized as an ethno-political conflict as groups of Papuan ethnics raise some incompatible issues about the government of Indonesia. They are expressing their political ideas with various actions from rebellion to non-violent political campaigns. The Indonesian government, at the same time, has chosen various policies from counter-insurgency to accommodation. The counter-insurgency policies, however, have escalated the conflict and regenerated more grievances to the Papuans that increase international concerns. Thus, this thesis argues for a peaceful resolution over the Papua conflict through negotiation and accommodation. The thesis also expects the active engagement of the civil society at the local, national, and international levels.
Civilian, Ministry of Education of Indonesia
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Wuryandari, Ganewati. "Human rights in Australian foreign policy, with specific reference to East Timor and Papua." University of Western Australia. School of Social and Cultural Studies, 2006. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2007.0041.
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[Truncated abstract] This thesis focuses on human rights in Australia’s foreign policy from 1991 to 2004 taking East Timor and Papua as case studies. It encompasses the Paul Keating years (1991 to 1996) as well as John Howard’s three consecutive terms as Prime Minister (from 1996 to 2004). As a consequence of events unfolding in this period of time, the thesis does not consider Australian foreign policy towards East Timor beyond the 1999 referendum that resulted in the separation of East Timor from Indonesia and focuses on Papua until 2004. The primary empirical aim of this thesis is to compare and contrast the two administrations’ approaches and responses to human rights abuses in East Timor and Papua. Drawing upon a variety of theoretical concepts in human rights and foreign policy, this thesis shows that incorporating a concern for human rights in the foreign policy making process is problematic because the promotion of human rights often comes into conflict with other foreign policy objectives . . . The two case studies on human rights abuses in East Timor and Papua reflect the tensions between concepts of realism and idealism in Australian foreign policy. However, the situation of East Timor shows that public pressure is required to balance the disparity of national interest and human rights. The role of public pressure has been largely absent in debates on human rights and foreign policy. While this study focuses on East Timor and Papua as case studies, the discussion of the findings has far reaching implications for Australian foreign policy and international relations, especially concerning the scholarly debate over the place of human rights in foreign policy.
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Yaku, Alexander. "Effects of intercropping sweet potato on the population density of sweet potato weevil, Cylas formicarius (F.) (Coleoptera:Curculionidae)." Thesis, McGill University, 1992. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=56673.
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Field experiments were conducted during the 1989 dry season (July to December) at the Manggoapi Farm of the Faculty of Agriculture, Cenderawasih University in Manokwari, Irian Jaya, Indonesia. The objectives of the experiments were to determine the effects of four sweet potato cropping systems on the population density of sweet potato weevils (SPW) and on the diversity of other insects within these agroecosystems.Fewer SPW were found in intercropped sweet potato + corn (2 weevils per kg infected tubers), sweet potato + soybean (21 weevils), sweet potato + corn + soybean (8 weevils) than in monoculture sweet potato (37 weevils); percentage of damaged tubers followed the same trend, ranging from 2.6% to 14.0% in intercropped sweet potato, to 21.9% in the sweet potato monoculture. However, the higher number of SPW and damaged tubers in the monoculture did not reduce yield below that in the intercropped plots.
Insect and spider populations were more diverse in the intercropped sweet potato systems than in monoculture. Number of arthropods increased throughout the growing season. Intercropping may reduce the population density of other insect pests associated with sweet potato and may increase the population density of natural enemies.
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Halmin, Muhammad Yusran. "The implementation of special autonomy in West Papua, Indonesia problems and recommendations." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Naval Postgraduate School, 2006. http://bosun.nps.edu/uhtbin/hyperion.exe/06Dec%5FHalmin.pdf.
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Thesis (M.A. in National Security Affairs)--Naval Postgraduate School, December 2006.Thesis Advisor(s): Michael Malley. "December 2006." Includes bibliographical references (p.71-75). Also available in print.
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Rosita, Dewi. "Adat Recognition in Merauke Integrated Food and Energy Estate in Papua, Indonesia." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/225718.
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Permana, Donaldi Sukma. "Climate, Precipitation Isotopic Composition and Tropical Ice Core Analysis of Papua, Indonesia." The Ohio State University, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1313480990.
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Ariantiningsih, Fransisca. "Wildlife utilisation by local people in Papua : a case study from Bupul Nature Reserve and Danau Bian Game Reserve, Papua, Indonesia /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2005. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe18865.pdf.
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Butt, Leslie. "The social and political life of infants among the Baliem Valley Dani, Irian Jaya /." Thesis, McGill University, 1997. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=34921.
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Among the Baliem valley Dani of the central highlands of Irian Jaya, Indonesia, infants play a prominent role in social relations. Infant mortality rates among the Dani are above two hundred and fifty deaths per thousand live births and birth rates are low. To these patterns of infant survival and growth the Dani consistently ascribe complex meaning. Drawing from anthropological research conducted in 1994--1995 in the Baliem valley, this dissertation demonstrates that indigenous meanings about the infant body and assessments of infant health link the infant to political relations within polygynous families, to antagonistic gender relations, and to affiliations with powerful ancestor spirits. Gender relations play a prominent role in explanations about infants. When an infant dies, parents explain the death in ways that reflect the lower social status of women in relation to men. A study of sex ratios during the first year of life and biased use of health services by gender of the infant suggest that the Dani may generate and validate cultural patterns of gender inequality during the earliest months of life.Infants also play an important role in national politics. In Indonesia's attempts to assimilate indigenous peoples into the country's economic development agenda, the infant appears in health promotions as a member of a contrived ideal family. These national cultural models, grounded in a concern with population control, translate into an applied health agenda for infants that has little impact on the mortality rates of the very young in Dani society.
The infant, though mute, is a powerful figure at the center of many social and political relations. The richness of meaning attributed to infants in the Baliem valley suggests that further research is needed to correct lacunae in anthropological theory about one of life's key social figures.
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Upton, Stuart Ingham History & Philosophy Faculty of Arts & Social Sciences UNSW. "The impact of migration on the people of Papua, Indonesia: A historical demographic analysis." Publisher:University of New South Wales. History & Philosophy, 2009. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/43318.
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Since Papua became part of Indonesia in 1963, hundreds of thousands of people have migrated there from other parts of the nation. By 2000, over a third of the province??s residents were non-indigenous people, with the great majority of these immigrants living in the more developed urban areas along the coast. This mass movement has transformed the territory??s society, altering the social, cultural and economic position and opportunities of the indigenous inhabitants. This thesis uses statistical data from Indonesian government publications to describe the development of these changes to the province??s population from 1963 to the early part of the 21st century. While it is acknowledged that the military presence and actions in the territory have played a crucial role in creating distrust of the Indonesian government among the indigenous people, this material supports the thesis that the mass movement of people to the region has developed an identification among the indigenous peoples of the territory of being part of a single Papuan community, a Papuan nationalism. This migration has also limited the educational and employment opportunities of indigenous people, creating hostility towards the newcomers among indigenous people and resulting in an alienation from the Indonesian nation. It will be argued that the patterns of settlement, employment and perceptions of ethnic difference between indigenous and migrant groups reflect a form of internal colonialism that has resulted from this immigration. While independence is a popular aspiration among indigenous Papuans, an evaluation of the national political situation suggests that this event is unlikely in the foreseeable future. If Papuans are to be incorporated fully into the nation of Indonesia, an understanding of the impact of migration on the province??s people is vital. This material also suggests that while there have been negative consequences of the Indonesian rule of the territory, claims that the indigenous population has suffered from genocide perpetrated by Indonesian forces are not supported by the statistical data.
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Yulia, Indrawati Sari. "The Building of “Monuments”: Power, Accountability and Community Driven Development in Papua Province, Indonesia." Phd thesis, Canberra, ACT : The Australian National University, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/149497.
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Community Driven Development (CDD) is an aid delivery strategy that emphasises community control over planning decisions and investment resources. In light of convincing articulations of this approach, CDD programs have evolved and expanded rapidly within and outside the World Bank’s development agenda. While the CDD narrative remains appealing, a growing body of evidence suggest that CDD programs deliver less than promised. While agency-sponsored research argues that CDD is generally pro-poor and improves the effectiveness of infrastructure development, other studies highlight the gap between CDD narrative and CDD practice. While CDD provides the state with new technologies and methods to deliver aid, critics suggest CDD programs are frequently captured by elites, generate struggles over access to program resources, and weaken local capacities for collective action. Furthermore, CDD systematically shapes communities to fit with a governance reform agenda without addressing asymmetrical power relationships. While offering valuable insights, such examinations of CDD programs are limited to the analysis of donor narratives and village-level studies. These studies provide inadequate analysis of how complex CDD practices work across scale in diverse social conditions and institutional environments, and overlook the possibility that other actors might change CDD processes and adjust the distribution of benefits. Based on qualitative and ethnographic field-based investigations of a CDD program in Papua Province, this thesis considers three questions: How do actors work across scale to control CDD policy, to change CDD processes and to shape the distribution of benefits? How do diverse social relations and institutional environments influence the ability of actors to shape community development? How do actors’ strategies of control effect the alignment between the substantial policy objectives of CDD and field-level outcomes? To answer these questions, this study develops a framework for analysing power and accountability, situating CDD within a broader developmental perspective. This framework is applied to analyse the processes whereby actors secure the compliance of others, the systems that regulate the behaviours of actors, and the responsiveness of actors to accountability mechanisms. First, the thesis argues that, as the program moves down the administrative scale, the CDD program narrative is reinterpreted in line with the power and interests of key actors at each level. In the process, actors change CDD agendas and policies, transforming CDD’s decentralised and participatory mechanisms into an approach more focused on meeting administrative standards of success. While this approach can improve financial accountability, it leads the program to over-construct village infrastructure. Although in half of the cases examined, the CDD program construct under-utilised “monuments” while neglecting the activities that facilitate village development, in a limited number of cases facilitators use their individual capacity and experiences to contest central authority and support the interests of community groups. Second, the thesis argues that the processes and the institutions used to promote public administration reform limit CDD agendas and shift CDD policy away from its decentralised and participatory objectives towards meeting administrative criteria of program success, reinforcing upward accountability and providing the means to strengthen the centralised power of political authorities. Finally, this research calls into question the use of rigid public administration reform or governance mechanisms, suggesting that the over application of these approaches strengthens centralised power and moves the program away from its participatory objectives. Nevertheless, the thesis concludes that positive outcomes remain a possibility were the CDD system to provide a range of conditions and mechanisms to avoid capture, to encourage facilitators to use their discretionary power to facilitate meaningful village development, and to deliver through an agency committed to substantive objectives.
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Hernawan, Yohanes Budi. "From the theatre of torture to the theatre of peace: The politics of torture and re-imagining peacebuilding in Papua, Indonesia." Phd thesis, Canberra, ACT : The Australian National University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/10325.
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This thesis provides the first full-length of scholarly examination of the half century of the politics of torture and peacebuilding frameworks in Papua, Indonesia. It has
assembled a data base of 431 reported torture cases for the period 1963-2010 as well as examined 214 testimonies of state actors, survivors and third parties from Indonesia, Australia, Papua New Guinea, the United States, the United Kingdom and the Netherlands. While the current resurgence of scholarly interests on torture largely
focuses on the utilitarian nature of torture as part of the war on terror, the findings of this study take a non-utilitarian turn. First, torture has been deployed strategically by the Indonesian state in Papua as a mode of governance. Second, torture constitutes a spectacle of the sovereign by which the sovereign communicates to a broader audience through the public display of the tortured body. Third, torture has constituted a crime against humanity punishable by both Indonesian and International Human Rights Law. Fourth, the five-decade practice of torture with almost complete impunity has constructed a theatre of torture in which the interactions of survivors, perpetrators, and spectators have produced and reproduced contesting narratives of suffering, domination and witnessing. Based on these four conclusions, peacebuilding in Papua can be reconceptualised as developing a theatre of peacebuilding to transform the theatre of torture. The theatre of peacebuilding model reveals that torture has not always entirely and permanently converted a subject into an ‘abject’. Many survivors not only regain their subjectivity but also their agency. They are able to resist the domination of perpetrators and to take control over their own bodies and histories. In this process of regaining agency, memoria passionis (the memory of suffering) may be beginning to push Papua toward a tipping point that is transforming the theatre of torture to a theatre of peacebuilding. The possibility for this transformation is encapsulated in the idea of establishing a permanent Truth and Reconciliation Commission for Papua (TRCP). Memoria passionis has become a converging point that connects the triangulation of the narratives of suffering, domination and witnessing and inverts the triangulation into a new configuration of ‘revolt, healing and solidarity.’ The whole process of theorising
peacebuilding based on the concept of memoria passionis as a remedy to the politics of torture in Papua contributes a novel and distinctively Papuan foundation to the theory and practice of peacebuilding in conflict situations like Papua.
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Douglas, Nicholas Martin. "Morbidity and mortality due to Plasmodium vivax malaria in Papua, Indonesia and its control using antimalarial drugs." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2011. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:3f758304-a3f6-4bfe-aeca-fcb135749267.
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Plasmodium vivax malaria threatens nearly half the world’s population. This relapsing disease may be more severe than previously recognised and is proving refractory to current malaria control measures. This thesis aimed to describe the burden of anaemia and mortality attributable to vivax malaria in Southern Papua, Indonesia, an area endemic for multidrug-resistant P. vivax and P. falciparum, and to determine the potential of currently available antimalarial drugs to reduce transmission of P. vivax in co-endemic regions. Approximately 0.5 million uniquely identified clinical records from patients presenting to Mitra Masyarakat Hospital between April 2004 and May 2009 were matched with corresponding laboratory and pharmacy data in order to determine the burden of anaemia in the hospital setting and the effectiveness of primaquine prescription for preventing P. vivax relapses. Clinical information extracted from patient notes was used to clarify the contribution of P. vivax malaria to a series of deaths detected by an active hospital-based surveillance system. Additional secondary sources of data used in this thesis included a large house-to-house survey and multiple clinical trials of antimalarial therapy from both Southern Papua and Northwestern Thailand. In Southern Papua, P. vivax malaria is an important cause of haematological morbidity both in the hospital and community setting. This morbidity is most significant in the first year of life when P. vivax infection accounts for 23% of all severe anaemia (haemoglobin <5g/dL) in the hospital and approximately 28% of all moderate-to-severe anaemia (haemoglobin <7g/dL) in the community. In this region concomitant P. vivax infection accentuates haematological impairment associated with P. falciparum malaria. Plasmodium vivax in Southern Papua rarely causes death directly but rather indirectly contributes to mortality through exacerbation of comorbid conditions. In Northwestern Thailand, 53.8% of patients with falciparum malaria who were treated with a rapidly eliminated drug between 1991 and 2005 had a recurrence of vivax malaria within two months making P. vivax infection the most common cause of parasitological failure in these individuals. Slowly eliminated artemisinin combination therapies (ACT) provided the greatest protection against recurrent P. vivax parasitaemia during 63 days of follow-up. In three randomised controlled trials from Papua and Thailand, P. vivax gametocytaemia was shown to mirror asexual parasitaemia closely and to have the same characteristics in acute and recurrent infections. This emphasises that the most important chemotherapeutic means of blocking P. vivax transmission is prevention of future relapse. Primaquine is recommended for this purpose but analyses in this thesis suggest that in Southern Papua, unsupervised primaquine at a dose of 0.5mg/kg/day for 14 days, does not reduce the risk of subsequent relapse (Adjusted Hazard Ratio = 1.01 [95% confidence interval 0.95-1.07]). Plasmodium vivax malaria should not be neglected. High priority must be given to new hypnozoitocidal drug discovery. In the interim, optimising the safety and effectiveness of primaquine and adoption of a unified ACT-based blood schizontocidal treatment strategy for malaria of any parasitological cause in co-endemic regions will be crucial for controlling P. vivax malaria.
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Patterson, Katherine-Anne V. Wadley Reed L. "Patterns of local mobility in an Iban community of West Kalimantan, Indonesia." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri--Columbia, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/5748.
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The entire thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file; a non-technical public abstract appears in the public.pdf file. Title from PDF of title page (University of Missouri--Columbia, viewed on October 2, 2009). Thesis advisor: Dr. Reed Wadley. Includes bibliographical references.
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Gibbins, Stacie Lynn. "The Magmatic and Hydrothermal Evolution of the Ertsberg Intrusion in the Gunung Bijih (Ertsberg) Mining District, West Papua, Indonesia." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/195874.
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The Ertsberg Intrusion (EI) is located approximately 1.5 km southeast of the Grasberg super-porphyry Cu-Au deposit (GIC), in the Gunung Bijih (Ertsberg) Mining District, West Papua, Indonesia. Intrusion- and carbonate-hosted mineralization is associated with the 3.28-2.97±0.54 Ma multi-phase intrusive complex. The orientation of the intrusion-hosted mineralized zone is parallel to the direction of porphyry dike emplacement in the intrusive complex and to regional structures. Potassic, phyllic, propylitic and endoskarn alteration types are recognized in the EI, distributed over 7 vein types. Three vein stages initiate pre-porphyry dike emplacement, and mineralization occurs pre- and post-dike emplacement. Cu-Au mineralization is associated with pre-dike biotite-bornite-anhydrite veinlets (Stage III), and post-dike quartz-anhydrite-bornite+chalcopyrite//green sericite veins (Stage V), and quartz-anhydrite-chalcopyrite-pyrite//white sericite veins (Stage VI). Sulfides associated with each alteration type in the EI have d³⁴S values that range between -3.0 to 3.6‰. Sulfate d³⁴S between alteration types are variable: potassic (9.6- 11.1‰) and hydrolytic (10.2-16.6 ‰). The bulk isotopic sulfur (d³⁴S(SS)) composition for fluid in equilibrium Stage III veins is 7.5‰, which is higher than would expected for an oxidized calc-alkaline fluid, thus I invoke the addition of heavy sulfur from the sedimentary anhydrite nodules in adjacent carbonate host rocks. There is an overall decrease in bulk isotopic sulfur (d³⁴S(SS)) composition for hydrothermal fluid throughout the span of hydrothermal activity. A degassing mafic magma chamber at depth, and/or the leaching of previously deposited sulfides are likely responsible for this decrease. Sulfide-sulfate equilibrium temperatures for potassic alteration in the EI average 574°C, approximately 125°C cooler than sulfide-sulfate equilibrium temperatures in the GIC. Calculated oxygen isotopic compositions for water in equilibrium with anhydrite from early potassic veins in both the Ertsberg Stockwork Zone and GIC suggest this component was derived from a non-magmatic source; the sedimentary anhydrite nodules are a probable source. The calculated oxygen and hydrogen isotopic compositions for water in equilibrium sericite from intermediate veins in the ESZ and GIC show the fluid was derived from a magmatic water and/or magmatic vapor; however, the water responsible for late hydrolytic alteration in both intrusive centers provides evidence for mixing of magmatic water (vapor) with meteoric water. Mass balance calculations using the EI volume estimate, and the known mineralization associated with the EI show that the EI has an insufficient volume of H₂O to account for the known volume of hydrothermal alteration and mineralization. Coupled with sulfur, oxygen and hydrogen isotope data, and Re-Os isotope source data, this suggests additional input of hydrothermal fluids from deeper magmatic and sedimentary sources, with moderate addition of meteoric water into the hydrothermal system during Stage VI vein formation.
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Rizzo, Susanna Grazia. "From paradise lost to promised land Christianity and the rise of West Papuan nationalism /." Access electronically, 2004. http://www.library.uow.edu.au/adt-NWU/public/adt-NWU20050127.105650/index.html.
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Skrzypek, Emilia E. "Stories of the invisible mine : ethnographic account of stakeholder relations at the Frieda River Project, Papua New Guinea." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/11971.
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Located amid tropical rainforest, in an upper tributary of the Sepik River, the Frieda River area is home to one of the biggest undeveloped gold and copper deposits in the Pacific. Exploration of Frieda's rich deposits has been ongoing since it began in 1969, bringing together unlikely partners in a process of preparing for a large-scale resource extraction project. This thesis offers an ethnographic account of stakeholder relations as they were unfolding at Frieda over forty years after the first company arrived on the banks of the River. It presents the key stakeholders of the Frieda River Project as outcomes of relations which produced them, emergent from an interplay between prescribed roles and expectations of responsibilities, and on the ground activities of forming and negotiating social relations. Through an ethnographic study of the Payamo it describes a process through which the Frieda River Project's local stakeholders mobilized a range of complex and contested relations to turn Frieda's rich deposits into development, and to make the mine at Frieda happen. This study provides an ethnographic insight into complex and contested processes of planning for a resource extraction project as they were actually taking place. It proposes an analytical framework of looking at a mine as a social relation and argues that although it might not yet have the appearance which would make it visible to the company and the government, from the perspective of its indigenous stakeholders the Frieda River Mine is already happening, but it has not yet revealed itself.
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Nugraha, Media fitri isma. "Genetic Diversity, Phylogeny and Conservation of Rainbowfish (Melanotaeniidae) in West Papua Indonesia and Its Prospect for New Ornamental Fish Commodity." Thesis, Montpellier, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015MONTS208/document.
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Les poissons arc-en-ciel (Melanotaeniidae) se distribuent entre la Nouvelle-Guinée et l'Australie. Ils sont très recherchés en aquariophilie en raison de leur coloration remarquable. Il en existe un très grand nombre d’espèces, dont certaines figurent sur la liste rouge des espèces menacées. L’espèce Melanotaenia boesemani, l'une des plus populaires au sein de cette famille, est en voie de disparition. L’aquaculture de cette espèce apparaît donc comme une solution prometteuse pour limiter la capture de spécimens sauvages. Pourtant, le nombre de fermes qui élèvent M. boesmani est très faible. Ceci est probablement dû aux problèmes rencontrés par les aquaculteurs, à savoir une proportion plus élevée de femelles par ponte, une perte de la coloration, un taux de croissance et une fécondité plus faibles, ainsi que l’apparition fréquente de malformations. Dans ce contexte, cette thèse visait à produire de nouvelles données génétiques en vue d’améliorer l'aquaculture et la conservation de cette famille. Plus précisément, les objectifs étaient: 1) de développer de nouveaux marqueurs microsatellites à partir d'ADN de M. boesemani, 2) d'évaluer la diversité génétique des populations sauvages de Melanotaenia et d'affiner leur taxonomie, 3) de définir l’origine géographique des souches de M .boesemani élevées en Indonésie, et d'évaluer la pression de consanguinité résultant de cette domestication. Par séquençage haut débit, 12 marqueurs microsatellites ont été développés et validés sur l’espèce M. boesemani. Les loci correspondant se sont tous révélés polymorphe et des expériences de croisement ont montré qu’ils se conformaient aux lois de Mendel. Ces nouveaux marqueurs ont ensuite été mis en œuvre pour évaluer la variabilité génétique de 44 populations sauvages (correspondant à 1152 spécimens de poissons). Les valeurs de Fis multilocus ont révélé que 5 espèces présentaient des écarts significatifs à l’équilibre de Hardy-Weinberg et suggéré la présence possible de sous-populations génétiquement différenciées. Combinés à une analyse phylogénétique effectuée sur le gène de la cytochrome oxydase I (COI) et à l'observation de plusieurs caractères morphologiques diagnostic, les 12 marqueurs microsatellites ont également permis de caractériser 8 nouvelles espèces non-encore décrites. Enfin, ces marqueurs microsatellites ont été appliqués pour analyser et comparer la variabilité génétique d’échantillons de M. boesemani obtenus à partir de 6 fermes aquacoles autour de Jakarta avec celle des deux populations indigènes de cette espèce, à savoir des lacs Ayamaru et Uter (Papouasie occidentale). Les résultats ont indiqué que toutes les souches élevés provenaient du lac Ayamaru. Aucun déficit en hétérozygotes n’a été mis en évidence, suggérant qu'il n'y avait pas de consanguinité majeure dans ces souches d’élevage. L’analyse des génotypes a également suggéré que l’espèce M. boesemani représentait probablement une métapopulation constituée de populations génétiquement différenciées. En définitive, ces résultats indiquaient que les problèmes rencontrés par les aquaculteurs ne proviennent pas d’une éventuelle consanguinité mais sont plus surement liés à d'autres facteurs tels qu’une gestion inappropriée et / ou une mauvaise qualité des eaux d’élevage. En conclusion, ces nouveaux marqueurs microsatellites se sont avérés utiles pour évaluer la structure génétique et la diversité d'un grand nombre d'espèces de poisson arc-en-ciel, dont beaucoup sont en voie de disparition. Les résultats présentés ici sur l'une des espèces les plus menacées (M. boesemani) montrent qu'il est encore possible d'éviter son extinction. Ceci nécessite cependant d'augmenter sa production aquacole afin de soulager rapidement la pression de surpêche. Ceci passe par une meilleure gestion des pratiques d'élevageRainbowfishes (Melanotaeniidae) are widely distributed throughout New Guinea and Australia. They are very famous for ornamental trade because of their vivid coloration. They display amazing species richness and some of them are on the red list of endangered species. The species Melanotaenia boesemani, one of the most popular within this family, is.facing great threats. Rearing of this species in aquaculture setups thus appears as a promising solution to limit capture of wild specimens. Yet, the number of farms that raise M. boesmani is very low. This is probably due to the problems reported by the farmers, i.e. higher proportion of females per spawning, loss of coloration, lower growth rate and fecundity, frequent morphological abnormalities. In this context, this study aimed at gathering new genetic information that would be useful for the aquaculture and conservation of the Melanotaeniidae family. Specifically, the objectives of the research were: 1) to develop new microsatellite DNA markers from the endangered M. boesemani, 2) to evaluate the genetic diversity of wild populations of Melanotaenia and refine their taxonomy, 3) to describe the geographic origins of M. boesemani reared by ornamental fish farmers in Indonesia, and evaluate the inbreeding pressure resulting from this domestication. Using next generation sequencing, 12 microsatellite DNA markers were developed and validated from M. boesemani. All microsatellite loci revealed polymorphic and cross-breeding experiments showed that they followed a Mendelian inheritance pattern. These new markers were subsequently implemented to evaluate the genetic variability of 44 wild populations (corresponding to 1152 fish specimens). Multilocus Fis values revealed that 5 species significantly departed from Hardy-Weinberg expectations and suggested the possible occurrence of genetically differentiated subpopulations. Combined with a phylogenetic analysis performed on the cytochrome oxydase I (COI) gene and with the observation of several diagnostic morphological characters, the 12 microsatellite markers also enabled to characterize 8 new species previously undescribed. Finally, these microsatellite markers were applied to analyze and compare the genetic variability of M. boesemani samples obtained from 6 aquaculture farms around Jakarta with that of the two native populations of this species , i.e. from Ayamaru and Uter Lakes (West Papua). Results indicated that all reared strains originated from Ayamaru Lake. No deficit in heterozygotes was evidenced, suggesting that there was no major inbreeding in these reared populations. Genotype analysis also suggested that M. boesemani species consists of a metapopulation composed of genetically differentiated populations. Altogether, these results indicated that the problems experienced by the farmers are obviously not due to inbreeding depression and are probably caused by other factors such as unsuitable management and/or poor water quality. In conclusion, these new microsatellite markers proved useful to evaluate the genetic structure and diversity of a large number of rainbowfish species, among which many are endangered. The results presented here on one of the most threatened species (M. boesemani) show that it is still possible to prevent its extinction. This, however, implies to increase its aquaculture production in order to quickly alleviate the overfishing pressure. This, in turn, involves a better management of rearing practices
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Kirksey, S. Eben. "Saya makan sembarang (I eat anything) the changing world of the Oge Bage Mee /." [Sarasota, Fla.] : Division of Social Sciences, Division of Natural Sciences, New College of the University of South Florida, 2002. http://www.papuaweb.org/dlib/s123/kirksey1/%5Frk.html.
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Hermkens, Anna-Karina. "The way of the objects analogical inference and the allocation of meaning and order in Lapita, Dongson and Lake Sentani material culture /." Website, 1997. http://www.papuaweb.org/dlib/s123/hermkens/_ma.html.
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Taylor, W. R. J. "Clinical trials of new strategies for the prevention and treatment of Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax malaria in north eastern Papua, Indonesia." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2004. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1445939/.
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New drug regimens are needed for effective prophylaxis and treatment of drug resistant Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax malaria in northeastern Papua. Mefloquine and doxycycline, two standard prophylactic drugs, had high prophylactic efficacy in northeastern Papua but they have limited application for two vulnerable groups, young children and pregnant women. Azithromycin, an azalide antibiotic, had a prophylactic efficacy of 83% against P. falciparum in malaria immune Kenyans. If successful in non immunes, it would be a significant addition to the current prophylactic drugs. Chloroquine, the current first line drug in northeastern Papua, is associated with high rates of treatment failure for falciparum and vivax malaria. Cure rates might be improved by combining with chloroquine with doxycycline, two drugs that are inexpensive and widely available. Methods. Two clinical trials were conducted. (1). The prophylactic efficacy of azithromycin against P. falciparum and P. vivax was determined in a double blind, placebo-controlled trial in Indonesian adults with limited immunity. After radical cure, three hundred randomised subjects received azithromycin (n=T48, 750mg loading dose, 250mg/day), placebo (n=77), or doxycycline (n=75, 100mg/day). The end point was slide proven parasitaemia. (2). In an open trial chloroquine plus doxycycline (CQD) was compared to chloroquine or doxycycline alone for treating falciparum and vivax malaria. Eight nine falciparum patients were randomised to standard dose chloroquine (n=30), doxycycline 100 mg 12 hourly (7 days), n=20 , or chloroquine plus doxycycline (n=39) corresponding numbers for vivax patients were 23, 16, 24. Endpoints were parasite sensitivity (S) or resistance (RI, RII, and RIII) assessed by Day 28. Findings. (1). There were 58 P. falciparum and 29 P. vivax prophylaxis failures over 20 weeks. Based on incidence rates, the prophylactic efficacy of azithromycin relative to placebo was 71.6% (95% CI 50.3-83.8) against P. falciparum, and 98.9% (93.1-99.9) against P. vivax. Corresponding figures for doxycycline were 96.3% (85.4-99.6) and 98% (88.0- 99.9).
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Terhaag, Wera. "Examining Mediation Onset in Recurring Conflicts." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för freds- och konfliktforskning, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-445399.
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After the Cold War, mediation as an armed conflict resolution process was thought to become an increasingly common tool to address even the most complex armed conflicts. Recurring conflicts especially should be the focus of mediation. However, with regards to armed conflicts that reoccur, there is a gap in the research of mediation in relation to the rounds of violence. This thesis argues that the more rounds of violence a recurring armed conflict experiences the less likely it will experience mediation. To examine the relationship between the rounds of violence of a recurring armed conflict and mediation onset, this thesis employed Structured Focused Comparison (SFC) to compare two recurring armed conflicts. One with a low mediation occurrence (West Papua) and one high mediation occurrence (Aceh). While the case comparison provides limited support for the hypothesized relationship between rounds of violence and mediation, the results instead may provide support that recurring armed conflicts are not increasingly resistant to mediation the more rounds of violence they experience.
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Keiluhu, Henderina Josefina [Verfasser], Michael [Akademischer Betreuer] Mühlenberg, and Rainer [Akademischer Betreuer] Willmann. "The impact of hunting on Victoria crowned pigeon (Goura victoria:Columbidae) in the rainforests of Northern Papua, Indonesia / Henderina Josefina Keiluhu. Gutachter: Michael Mühlenberg ; Rainer Willmann. Betreuer: Michael Mühlenberg." Göttingen : Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1044871423/34.
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Meservy, William Nile. "Evaluating the East Java Tsunami Hazard: What Can Newly-Discovered Imbricate Coastal Boulder Accumulations Near Pacitan and at Pantai Papuma, Indonesia Tell Us?" BYU ScholarsArchive, 2017. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/6545.
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Our paleotsunami surveys of the southern Java coast led to the discovery of five imbricate coastal boulder fields near Pacitan, Indonesia that may date to the mid-to-late 19th century or prior and two similar fields at Pantai Papuma and Pantai Pasir Putih that were tsunami-emplaced during the 1994 7.9 Mw event in East Java. Estimated ages for the fields near Pacitan are based on historical records and radiocarbon analyses of coral boulders. The largest imbricated boulders in fields near Pacitan and in East Java are similar in size (approximately 3 m^3) and are primarily composed of platy beachrock dislodged from the intertidal platform during one or several unusually powerful wave impactions. Hydrodynamic wave height reconstructions of the accumulations near Pacitan indicate the boulders were likely tsunami rather than storm-wave emplaced, as the size of the storm waves needed to do so is not viable. We evaluate the boulders as an inverse problem, using their reconstructed wave heights and ComMIT tsunami modeling to suggest a minimum 8.4 Mw earthquake necessary to dislodge and emplace the largest boulders near Pacitan assuming they were all deposited during the same tsunami event and that the rupture source was located along the Java Trench south of Pacitan. A combined analysis of historical records of Java earthquakes and plate motion measurements indicates a seismic gap with >25 m of slip deficit along the Java Trench. A 1000-1500 km rupture along the subduction interface of this segment is capable of producing a 9.0-9.3 Mw megathrust earthquake and a giant tsunami. However, evidence for past megathrust earthquake events along the this trench remains elusive. We use epicenter independent tsunami modelling to estimate wave heights and inundation along East Java in the event that the trench were to fully rupture. By translocating ComMIT slip parameters of Japan's 2011 9.1 Mw event along the trench offshore East Java, we demonstrate possible wave heights in excess of 20 m at various locations along its southern coasts. Approximately 300,000-500,000 people in low-lying coastal communities on the southern coasts of East Java could be directly affected. We recommend at-risk communities practice the "20/20/20 principle" of tsunami hazard awareness and evacuation.
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Kameubun, Konstantina Maria Brigita [Verfasser], Michael [Akademischer Betreuer] Mühlenberg, Reiner [Akademischer Betreuer] Finkeldey, Eckard [Akademischer Betreuer] Heymann, Erwin [Akademischer Betreuer] Bergmeier, Rainer [Akademischer Betreuer] Willmann, and Marthin [Akademischer Betreuer] Ziehe. "Indigenous Knowledge, morphological variation and genetic diversity of Kava (Piper methysticum Forst.) in Merauke, Papua, Indonesia / Konstantina Maria Brigita Kameubun. Gutachter: Reiner Finkeldey ; Michael Mühlenberg ; Eckard Heymann ; Erwin Bergmeier ; Rainer Willmann ; Marthin Ziehe. Betreuer: Michael Mühlenberg." Göttingen : Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1051530644/34.
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Guswandi, Guswandi. "Agriculture en Indonésie." Thesis, Paris 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA01E033.
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Cette thèse s’efforce de démontrer que l’évolution de l’agriculture et de la politique du développement agricole en Indonésie est fondée sur de longues expériences historiques s’étendant de l’époque précoloniale jusqu'à aujourd’hui. Les processus de développement ne sont pas de formes linéaires. Ils se sont réalisés par petits à-coups. Suivant les époques, ces différents processus de développement agricoles ont pu suivre des directions opposées.Ceux-ci ont également connu des contradictions fondamentales qui varient en fonction des intérêts de leurs promoteurs. Ces différents développements dépendent en effet de l'État et de ses relations avec d’autres agents comme les grands planteurs (propriétaires des plantations) et les paysans. Ces relations ne sont pas souvent fondées sur un principe d’égalité. L’influence des paysans en matière de négociation est souvent faible face aux autres agents économiques. L’héritage colonial et les structures féodales se font encore sentir de nos jours, et les paysans sont souvent en position de faiblesse, à moins qu’ils s`organisent entre eux pour leurs intérêts communs. Même si les quantités de productions agricoles sont en augmentation, la structure agraire inégale n'a pas beaucoup changé jusqu’à maintenant, depuis les époques féodales (locales), coloniales (européenne) et pendant l`occupation japonaise peu de choses ont changé. Les paysans doivent s’organiser et coopérer ensemble afin d’obtenir l’accès aux terres agricoles et défendre cet accès. Pour les paysans papous, la question principale reste posée : quels seraient des intérêts communs ou convergents entre les paysans indonésiens, ceux du centre (Java), ceux de la périphérie et ceux de Papouasie par exemple pour construire un meilleur avenir pour eux et lutter contre les fortes pénétrations dont ils souffrent aujourd'hui des investissements des capitalistes étrangers, mais aussi de celles des nationaux avec leurs propres élites locales ?This dissertation asserts the complexity of the Indonesian agricultural problems. These problems occurred after the independence in a non-linear historical trajectory. However, the historical inheritance of the successive agricultural and land policies implemented since the precolonial period has also influenced the current situation of the largest actor in agricultural sector, Indonesian peasants. The development processes are not in linear forms, but conjectural ones. They are realized by short burst. According to the periods, they have followed opposite directions. The processes of agricultural development depend on the interests of their promoters : the state and its relations with other agents such as the large planters and the peasants. These relations are often not in equally beneficial. The bargaining position of the peasants is often weaker relative to theother economic agents. Even though the results of agricultural production are increasing, the unequal agrarian structure has not changed much since the feudal (local), colonial (European) and fascist (Japanese) periods. The Indonesian peasants need to self-organize and to cooperate together in order to increase its bargaining position so that they can access the agriculture lands as well as defend them. In the case of the Papuan peasants, the open question is what would be the common or converging interests of Indonesian peasants in general, compared to those in the peripheral regions such as Papua, to prepare a better future for them at the face of strong penetrations they suffer today from foreign and national capitalists, and their own local ruling elites? While ruling out independence option, Javanese and Papuan peasants need to cooperateand, if possible, join force to increase its bargaining position against the strong penetration of capitalists
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Darroch, George P. "Portraying Papua : activist representations of Indonesian Papua, 1969-2009." Master's thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/151366.
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Cookson, Michael Benedict. "Batik Irian : imprints of Indonesian Papua." Phd thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/151394.
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Harple, Todd S. "Controlling the dragon an ethno-historical analysis of social engagement among the Kamoro of south-west New Guinea (Indonesian Papua/Irian Jaya) /." 2000. http://bibpurl.oclc.org/web/7738.
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Ellenberger, John David. "The impact of Damal world view on the formation of a local theology in Irian Jaya." 1996. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/44725490.html.
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Wing, John Robert. "Irian Jaya development and indigenous welfare : the impact of development on the population and environment of the Indonesian province of Irian Jaya (Melanesian West New Guinea, or West Papua /." 1994. http://www.papuaweb.org/dlib/s123/wing/ma%5Fhtml.
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Harple, Todd S. "Controlling the Dragon: An ethno-historical analysis of social engagement among the Kamoro of South-West New Guinea (Indonesian Papua/Irian Jaya)." Phd thesis, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/47146.
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This thesis examines how the Kamoro (also known as the Mimika) people of the south-west coast of Papua (former Irian Jaya), Indonesia have adapted to major political and economic changes over a long history of interactions with outsiders. More specifically, it is an ethnohistorical analysis of Kamoro strategies of engagement dating back to the seventeenth century, but focusing on the twentieth century. Taking ethnohistory to most generally refer to the investigation of the social and cultural distinctiveness of historical consciousness, this thesis examines how perceptions and activities of the past shape interpretations of the present. Though this thesis privileges Kamoro perspectives, it juxtaposes them against broader ethnohistorical analyses of the “outsiders” with whom they have interacted. For the Kamoro, amoko-kwere, narratives about the ancestral (and eternal) cultural heroes, underlie indigenous modes of historical consciousness which are ultimately grounded in forms of social reciprocity. One key characteristic of the amoko-kwere is the incorporation of foreign elements and their reformulation as products of indigenous agency. As a result of this reinterpretation expectations are raised concerning the exchange of foreign material wealth and abilities, both classified in the Kamoro language as kata. Foreign withholding of kata emerges as a dominant theme in amoko-kwere and is interpreted as theft, ultimately establishing relationships of negative reciprocity between the Kamoro and the powerful outsiders. These feelings are mirrored in contemporary Kamoro conceptions of their relationships with the Indonesian State and the massive PT Freeport Indonesia Mining Company who use a significant amount of Kamoro land for deposition of mining waste (tailings) and for the development of State and company infrastructure.
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Ondawame, Otto. ""One people, one soul" : West Papuan nationalism and the Organisasi Papua Merdeka (OPM)/Free Papua Movement." Phd thesis, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/110281.
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Indonesian colonisation of West Papua and the lack of a democratic
tradition have been the main root causes of the current political problems in
this area, triggering the emergence of an increasingly strong Papuan
nationalism that finds its expression in a resistance movement, led by the
OPM, seeking self-determination and independence. These problems have
continued over many years, having serious social, political, economic, and
environmental effects for West Papua but, despite the widespread local
resistance, the OPM has so far been unable to end the colonial domination
and practices.
This study analyses the impact of Indonesian colonisation on the
people of West Papua and their reactions to it. It investigates how different
views about the political status of West Papua are also reflected in views
about the future of the Papuans. In doing so, it draws heavily on the often
neglected perspectives of the West Papuan people. The main purpose is to
affirm that, as the Indonesian colonisation policies have been the main root
cause of the conflict, any approaches to ending the conflict must encompass
a political solution and not merely temporary economic and social
measures.
The West Papuan conflict is analysed in the light of current theories
relating to colonialism and to a range of approaches to conflict resolution.
After reflecting on the history of the national liberation struggle, focusing
on the strengths and weaknesses of the conflicting parties, and on the
balance of power and the role of international support, it is concluded that
military victory by either side can only be a utopian dream. As the level of conflict can increase and intensify in the future, a new alternative approach is needed to start the peace process.
The empirical findings of this study show the extent to which
colonisation has produced the bitter political conflict which threatens
regional stability and security. The study also reaffirms that since national
sentiments continue to strengthen, any end to the conflict is unlikely in the
near future. Despite the relative strength of the Indonesian military forces
and the lack of significant international support for the OPM, the struggle
will continue in the future. By examining in detail the leadership,
organisational structures and general programs of the OPM, it is concluded
that the movement is seriously weakened by its factionalised organisation.
The responses of the Indonesian government to the conflict by presenting
social and military reform packages are also doomed to failure. The study
concludes with a summary of the main findings in relation to the
determined demands of West Papuans for independence and explores some
possible strategies for achieving this in the future. To gain a clearer picture of the relationship between the local effects of
colonisation and ethnic nationalism in relation to wider Papuan
nationalism and how those concepts have influenced the current situation
in West Papua and the more local reactions, a detailed case study of the
Amungme-Kamoro people in relation to Freeport and the colonial
government in Mimika regency has been presented. Despite there is a clear
relationship, yet the level of success has been more evident at the local level than nationally, for obvious reasons.
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Doran, Stuart Robert. "Western friends and eastern neighbours, West New Guinea and Australian self-perception in relation to the United States, Britain and Southeast Asia, 1950-1962." 1999. http://bibpurl.oclc.org/web/7765.
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Glazebrook, Diana. "Dwelling in exile, perceiving return : West Papuan refugees from Irian Jaya living at East Awin in Western Province, Papua New Guinea." Phd thesis, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/147159.
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Quarles, van Ufford Andrew I. (Andrew Ian) 1967. "Stratigraphy, structural geology, and tectonics of a young forearc-continent collision, western Central Range, Irian Jaya (western New Guinea), Indonesia." Thesis, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/30179.
Full textAbstract:
New Guinea has long been recognized by geologists as the location of geologically recent mountain building. This study combined field mapping, stratigraphic and remote sensing analysis along and near the Gunung Bijih (Ertsberg) mine road and mining district in order to analyze the geologic development of the collisional New Guinea orogen. As a result of the youthfulness and the quality of data, it is possible to constrain distinct parts of orogenic evolution to 1 or 2 m.y. The southern Central Range of New Guinea is located on the northern Australian continental margin. The southern one-third of the Central Range, exposed along the Gunung Bijih mine access road, is a 30-km-wide, north-dipping homocline exposing an apparently 18-km-thick Precambrian or Early Paleozoic to Cenozoic sequence. Following rifting in the early Mesozoic and until the Middle Miocene, the northern Australian continent was a passive margin. The Central Range of Irian Jaya formed when the Australian passive margin was subducted beneath and collided with a north-dipping subduction zone in the Middle Miocene. Litho- and biostratigraphic analysis of the New Guinea Limestone Group in the Gunung Bijih mining district and regional stratigraphic correlation indicates that the first evidence of subaerial exposure and erosion of the orogen is the widespread deposition of siliciclastic, synorogenic strata at ~12 Ma. I name this event the Central Range Orogeny. There is no evidence of an Oligocene orogenic event in the Irian Jaya region as has been described to the east in Papuan New Guinea. Deformation in the Central Range is dominated by ~12 to ~4 Ma southwest verging (210°-220°) contraction and minor east-west wrenching. This deformation is equally accommodated, there is no evidence for strain partitioning in the Central Range. Lithospheric-scale cross sections, incorporating field observations, predict the Central Range Orogeny is divided into a pre-collision and collisional stage. The pre-collision stage is the bulldozing of passive margin sediments in a north dipping subduction zone. The collision stage occurs when buoyant Australian lithosphere can not be subducted. The collision stage results in basement involved deformation and lithospheric delamination of the already subducted Australian plate.text