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Academic literature on the topic 'Indonesia Climate'

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Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Indonesia Climate"

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Bu’ulolo, Ferdinand F., Shanty Silitonga, and Yulianto. "IDENTIFIKASI ADAPTASI ARSITEKTUR TROPIS PADA BANGUNAN KOLONIAL STUDI KASUS: MUSEUM PERKEBUNAN INDONESIA." ALUR : Jurnal Arsitektur 3, no. 1 (May 19, 2020): 39–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.54367/alur.v3i1.677.

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Climate is the most important factor in architectural design, climate greatly influences the shape and appearance of buildings. Colonial buildings are buildings that have experienced a mix of European architects with local adaptation processes including the climate in Indonesia, one of which is the Indonesian Plantation Museum building in the city of Medan. Indonesia is included in a region that has a humid tropical climate, where the tropical climate has certain characteristics caused by solar heat, high humidity, rainfall, and wind movement. The purpose of this study is to identify aspects of tropicality in colonial buildings that have adapted to tropical climates. The method used in the study is the Case Study Qualitative Method with observation and identification of external forms (building orientation, roof, terraces and outside space) and the shapes in buildings (Patterns of Space, Floors, Walls, and Openings). The results of this study is the Indonesian Plantation Museum tends to be able to adapt to the local climate even though the shape and style of the building comes from Europeans,known as transition architecture. The building elements that are more adapted to the tropical climate are roofs with slopes of more than 30º, openings and cross ventilation, marble and wood floors and very thick concrete walls.
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Fatmawati, Fajar, and Sulistyawati Sulistyawati. "CLIMATE CHANGE AND DENGUE IN INDONESIA: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW." Epidemiology and Society Health Review (ESHR) 1, no. 1 (September 10, 2019): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.26555/eshr.v1i1.938.

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Background: Climate change is a global issue because of its impact on environmental and human health. No exception for Indonesia, an archipelago state with a tropical climate. Climate change potentially influences the mosquitos borne disease, including dengue fever, which poses a vulnerability to the Indonesian populations. This article aims to review the association and the impact of climate change to dengue fever, particularly in Indonesia and to inform the policymaker on directing the adaptation option.Methods: Of thirteen peer review articles were included in this review sourced from google scholar database.Results: Climate change affects dengue incidence in Indonesia due to climate variability.Conclusions: It is essential to Strengthen the surveillance system and provide an early warning system (EWS) based on climate information.Keywords: Climate change, dengue, Indonesia
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Astafieva, Ekaterina, and Olga Petrova. "Global Climate Change: Affects to Indonesia." South East Asia Actual problems of Development, no. 3 (52) (2021): 107–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.31696/2072-8271-2021-2-2-51-107-115.

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The problem of global climate change is on the current agenda of the world community today, and here we cannot ignore the problems faced by the largest island state of Southeast Asia – Indonesia. The article provides data on the reduction in the area of the islands of the Indonesian archipelago due to rising sea levels, and also highlights government measures aimed at counteracting the harmful effects of climate change.
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Putra, Aprizon, Indang Dewata, and Mulya Gusman. "Literature Reviews: Hydrometeorological Disasters and Climate Change Adaptation Efforts." Sumatra Journal of Disaster, Geography and Geography Education 5, no. 1 (June 23, 2021): 7–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.24036/sjdgge.v5i1.363.

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Climate change has had an impact on increasing hydrometeorological disasters in Indonesia. the Meteorology, Climatology and Geophysics Agency (BMKG) estimates, until mid-May 2020 Indonesia is threatened with a hydrometeorological disaster. Most of the Indonesian people are in areas prone to hydrometeorological disasters. To reduce its impact, the government needs to make adaptation efforts to climate change, which are carried out holistically and integrated by involving all elements of society and the government by referring to the National Action Plan for Climate Change Adaptation in Indonesia that has been prepared by the government of Indonesia.
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Marganingrum, Dyah, and Heru Santoso. "Evapotranspiration of Indonesia Tropical Area." Jurnal Presipitasi : Media Komunikasi dan Pengembangan Teknik Lingkungan 16, no. 3 (September 20, 2019): 106–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/presipitasi.v16i3.106-116.

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Indonesia is an archipelago country with a tropical climate. The region of Indonesia is quite large and located between two continents (Asia and Australia) and between two oceans (Indian and Pacific), making the territory of Indonesia has a unique climate pattern. One of the climate variables that quite important to be studied in this chapter is evapotranspiration. The Thornthwaite method was used to estimate potential evapotranspiration based on average air temperature. The relationships between evapotranspiration, precipitation, and elevation were then examined. Besides, temperature variations that affect climate patterns between monsoonal and equatorial regions were compared, between the mainland and small islands, and between mountain and coastal area. The impact of global warming was also examined on the climate and potential evapotranspiration of the Indonesian region. Data analysis showed that evapotranspiration correlates weakly with precipitation, and the contrary, the evapotranspiration correlates strongly with elevation, with correlation indices of 0.02 and 0.89, respectively. The study confirmed that air temperature is the primary controlling variable of the evapotranspiration in this very heterogeneous landscape. Under a global temperature increase of 1.5 °C above the pre-industrialized year (1765), the evapotranspiration is expected to increase in a range from 4.8 to 11.1%. In general, the excess of water to restore soil moisture in the future tends to decrease, i.e., drier.
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Wahyuni, Hermin Indah. "Mainstreaming climate change issues: Challenges for journalism education in Indonesia." Pacific Journalism Review 23, no. 1 (July 21, 2017): 80. http://dx.doi.org/10.24135/pjr.v23i1.104.

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This article aims to explain the challenges of journalism education in Indonesia on the issue of mainstreaming climate change. As the world’s largest archipelago, Indonesia has to deal with some climate change impacts such as rising sea levels, extreme weather, floods, drought, and forest fires. Climate change is a real serious threat, but public awareness of this issue is low in Indonesia. Mass media have a capacity to mainstream climate change and increase public awareness. The data for this article has been collected through qualitative content analysis of newspaper articles, interviews with communication lecturers and scholars, and document reviews. Some of the important findings are: 1) The climate change issue in the Indonesian mass media is less popular than other issues such as corruption, elections, terrorism and refugees; 2) Journalism education in Indonesia does not contribute enough to mainstreaming climate change on mass media; 3) There are three levels of problem in macro, messo, and micro level of journalism education in Indonesia to mainstreaming climate change issue. At a micro level, the problem is related to the lack of lecturers with competence in climate change. On a messo level, journalism education has failed to connect with the problem of climate change through curricula. At a macro level, the problem is related to the popularity of journalism than other subjects in general socio-political environment. Systemic theory by Niklas Luhmann was used as tool to analyse these problems. From this perspective, Indonesian journalism education as a system faces plenty of challenges to reduce the complexity of problems to optimise its role in mainstreaming climate change.
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Kuswardini, Seftina, Sannya Pestari Dewi, and Frindhy Wara Limaran. "DIPLOMASI PERUBAHAN IKLIM INDONESIA PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19." Jurnal Dinamika Global 7, no. 02 (December 15, 2022): 271–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.36859/jdg.v7i02.1169.

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The existence of the COVID-19 pandemic that has hit all regions of the world, including Indonesia, has had a significant impact on people's mobility. The economic impact is the most felt during this pandemic, especially the reduction in industrial and manufacturing activities, but the reduction in industrial activity is considered to have a good impact on environmental security because it can reduce the amount of gas emissions. This situation should be a good opportunity for Indonesia in its efforts to tackle climate change. However, during the implementation of COP-25, it failed to reach an agreement in article 6 of the Paris Agreement and could not describe concrete actions from climate action and Indonesia only managed to take points on the oceanic issue at the meeting, while Indonesia is a pioneer country for climate change action in the G countries. -20. This raises the question of the extent of Indonesia's diplomatic efforts and commitment to climate change. This study aims to see and analyse the direction of Indonesia's climate diplomacy during the COVID-19 pandemic. The Indonesian Pavilion was a form of Indonesian diplomacy during COP-26 in the midst of the Covid-19 pandemic.
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Perdinan, P., R. Boer, and Kiki Kartikasari. "LINKING CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION OPTIONS FOR RICE PRODUCTION AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN INDONESIA (KETERKAITAN OPSI-OPSI ADAPTASI PERUBAHAN IKLIM UNTUK PRODUKSI BERAS NASIONAL DAN PEMBANGUAN BERKELANJUTAN DI INDONESIA)." Agromet 22, no. 2 (December 14, 2008): 94. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/j.agromet.22.2.94-108.

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Climate change is expected to significantly influence Indonesian rice production as this phenomenon will exacerbate extreme climate events such as El Nino and La Nina which have caused serious loss in rice production. This paper is attempted to propose plausible climate change adaptations for rice production by examining the formal documents on climate change studies in Indonesia and rice development strategies and to investigate their linkage with the Sustainable Development in Indonesia. The result shows that climate change adaptations will support Indonesian rice development strategies through options of “change cropping pattern/modified planting season” which has not been addressed by the development strategies. The proposed adaptations which are directed through two major programs for increasing rice production called as Extensification and Intensification, have also already addressed the four pillars of Indonesian sustainable development, namely: pro-job, pro-poor, pro-growth and pro-environment.
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Agusta, V. C., M. Hendrizan, S. Y. Cahyarini, D. A. Utami, and A. U. Nurhidayati. "Pliocene climate in Indonesia: a review." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 789, no. 1 (June 1, 2021): 012054. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/789/1/012054.

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Mangiring, P., and F. Lestari. "Construction Project Safety Climate in Indonesia." KnE Life Sciences 4, no. 5 (June 19, 2018): 250. http://dx.doi.org/10.18502/kls.v4i5.2557.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Indonesia Climate"

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Trimarianto, Ciptadi. "Thermal efficient dwelling design, Bali, Indonesia." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/474.

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In the warm humid tropical climate of Bali, Indonesia, overheating and high humidity influence occupants' comfort, indoor climate and the comfort of their homes, both directly and indirectly. The traditional way to deal with these problems, using natural ventilation, was ecologically sound and acceptable. However, development of tourism in Bali has had a positive impact on people's earning, causing cultural pressure, migration and a rapid rise in the urban population, as well as increasing housing demand. In urban areas, the methods of climate modification have moved away from natural ventilation, and comfort is now more often achieved by installing air conditioning. This has caused increasing energy use and had economic impact. As world-wide energy consumption will continue to increase, the use of more energy will have more impact on global warming. In these circumstances, energy efficiency is paramount, particularly in the dwelling designs for new housing development in Indonesia. The study focuses on the design of a thermally comfortable dwelling in the warm humid climate of Bali, Indonesia, with emphasis on the energy efficiency of the naturally ventilated and air-conditioned dwelling. Using a computer program and energy conservation strategies, a dwelling design was simulated. A model dwelling was adopted from a standard house type for people on a middle class income, based on the family size of a couple with two children. Such units are built by the National Housing Authority of Indonesia. A comprehensive study of the computer-simulation outcomes, survey research, previous works undertaken and literature reviews were carried out, to develop a thermally comfortable dwelling design. This new thermally efficient dwelling design was simulated to draw the final conclusions of the research. The research discovered that the combination of both natural ventilation and air conditioning, integrated with the combined design of a compound-compact dwelling, are an intelligent response to the thermal comfort performance problems of a dwelling in the warm humid climate and architecturally adaptable to the culture of Bali. The study found that a combination of natural ventilation with air conditioning which is only used when necessary, coupled with insulation and shading devices, can significantly reduce energy consumption and achieve adequate thermal comfort. In this respect, however, architectural design should come first, and be considered before an engineering solution. The reasons are that architectural solutions are more robust, and has a long duration of applicability, while the technology is perhaps the opposite, being prone to mechanical failure. When a less compact dwelling is designed, increased use of natural ventilation can be achieved. The use of airtight construction, insulation in the building envelope and shading devices are effective ways of reducing the air-conditioning load.
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Permana, Donaldi Sukma. "Reconstruction of Tropical Pacific Climate Variability from Papua Ice Cores, Indonesia." The Ohio State University, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1449155469.

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Chandrasa, Ganesha Tri. "Evaluation of Regional Climate Model Simulated Rainfall over Indonesia and its Application for Downscaling Future Climate Projections." The Ohio State University, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1523464961178694.

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Mulyasari, Farah. "Enhancing Climate-related Disaster Resilience through Effective Risk Communication in Bandung, Indonesia." Master's thesis, 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/188880.

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Permana, Donaldi Sukma. "Climate, Precipitation Isotopic Composition and Tropical Ice Core Analysis of Papua, Indonesia." The Ohio State University, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1313480990.

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Moody, Louise Dawn. "Indonesian climate investigations using stable isotopic data from modern, Holocene and Pliocene corals." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Geological Sciences, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/6729.

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Earth’s climate system has experienced significant changes throughout its history. Tropical, glacial and interglacial conditions have persisted across the globe during the Tertiary, and the present interglacial period with strong seasonality and episodes of warming and cooling has existed for the last several thousand years. However, rapid warming during the last century has highlighted the importance of understanding past climate behaviour, in order to predict the likely effects of such warming on our future climate. This has led to the use of proxies, such as sediment cores, tree rings, ice and carbonates, which provide high resolution palaeoclimate archives. Studies using a variety of proxies from around the globe have developed a network of site specific climate information, offering insights of climate fluctuations on a millennial scale, and identifying changing oceanic conditions as a major influence on global climate change. Coral skeletons are particularly sensitive recorders of ambient seawater conditions as they record fluctuations of oxygen and carbon in their aragonitic skeletons, which are caused by perturbations of sea surface temperature (SST) and sea surface salinity (SSS). Therefore, tropical oceans themselves provide a crucial record of climate change. Many of the coupled atmospheric-oceanographic processes that drive the global climate system occur in the Indo-Pacific, making it a particularly important region for data collection. Porites corals from the Indo-Pacific have been studied in detail and have revealed high resolution SST and SSS records, yet comprehensive investigations using other coral species are minimal. This study expands upon the current understanding of coral proxies by investigating three coral species of different ages, and provides new insights into the palaeoclimate history of the Indo-Pacific. Goniastrea retiformis, Platygyra pini and Platygyra lamellina corals have been retrieved from Timor Leste in the Indo-Pacific, and analysed using stable and radiogenic isotopic techniques. Sclerochronology was used to determine that the 4.5 year old, modern G. retiformis coral was living from 2006-mid 2010. Uranium-thorium (U/Th) analysis provided a mid Holocene age of 4.5 ± 0.092 (2σ) ka for the fossil P. pini. Uranium-lead (U/Pb) techniques were used to obtain a 2.7 ± 0.34 (2σ) Ma age for the fossil P. lamellina. A rigorous diagenetic screening process of X-ray diffraction (XRD), petrographic analysis of thin sections, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) has been carried out to ascertain the extent of preservation in each coral. X-ray images allow annual density bands to be located and unique micromilling paths were developed for the three samples. This enabled us to obtain the first δ¹⁸O and δ¹³C stable isotope results for a G. retiformis coral, and the first fossil coral results for the Platygyra genus. Cross spectral analysis has been used to verify the periodicity of seasonal fluctuations visible in the data, and confirmed that these coral species are suitable for use as climate proxies. G. retiformis is an abundant reef coral distributed throughout the tropical Pacific, and has a robust skeletal configuration making it suitable for use as a climate proxy. The 4.5 year long record has revealed that δ¹⁸O and δ¹³C values range from -4.62‰ ± 0.03‰ (2σ) to -6.11‰ ± 0.02‰ (2σ), and 1.57‰ to -2.53‰, with means of -5.35‰ and -1.02‰, respectively. These values are in agreement with the average δ¹⁸O range of -5.1 to -5.6‰ in modern corals throughout the Indo-Pacific, predominantly of the Porites genus. Statistical analysis of the isotopic data has revealed a quasi-biennial signal in G. retiformis, typical of the temporal interaction between El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the South Asian monsoon. Results have also been compared to the Southern Oscillation Index (SOI) in order to assess potential relationships between coral isotopes and ENSO. This has shown an accurate record of El Niño and La Niña events for the first half of the ~ 4.5 year record, from 2006 to mid 2008. Climate processes such as local rainfall and the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) are also reflected in the record, to varying extents. The use of Platygyra corals as climate proxies is limited to three investigations using modern samples, despite the fact that this genus has a much broader latitudinal range than the extensively studied Porites genus. This thesis provides the first examination of fossil samples, and provides analysis of both pristine and altered specimens. The 4.5 ka P. pini coral has allowed investigation of the palaeoclimate record in a sample that has been exposed to diagenesis. XRD, petrographic and SEM analyses have revealed widespread secondary aragonite growth, dissolution and secondary calcite within the coral, which would have occurred due to marine and freshwater diagenesis. However, primary growth textures have been retained in some areas of the coral. δ¹⁸O and δ¹³C values range from -3.47‰ ± 0.03‰ (2σ) to -5.45‰ ± 0.02‰ (2σ), and 3.43‰ to -0.49‰, with means of -4.82‰ and 1.12‰, respectively. These values are significantly more positive that the mean δ¹⁸O of four Platygyra corals from the Pacific region, which range from -4.82‰ to -5.10‰. There are two reasonable explanations for this. Secondary aragonite, which is detected throughout the milled section of coral, causes positive shifts in coral δ¹⁸O, an effect which is likely to have altered the geochemical record of this particular coral. But the fact that SST in the southern Indo Pacific Warm Pool (IPWP) during the mid Holocene were 1.2° C cooler than present must also be acknowledged, as cooler temperatures also impart a shift toward higher δ¹⁸O, due to equilibrium fractionation processes. SST reconstruction using the temperature dependence equation from a modern Platygyra coral reveals an SST range of 18.5-27.6° C, and mean of 24.7° C. The present day mean annual SST of 28° C suggests that mid Holocene temperatures less than 26.8° C are unrealistically cool, highlighting the fact that isotopic fractionation during diagenesis has affected coral chemistry. However, the presence of interannual periodicity indicates that ENSO was operating, and the magnitude of isotopic fluctuation through the 10 year record is similar to that found in modern and other Holocene corals. We suggest that although absolute isotopic and SST values are unreliable, prohibiting the extraction of high resolution climate records, insights into the behaviour of broad scale, seasonal and interannual climate processes may still be obtained. A strong annual periodicity has been detected when analysing the stable isotopic values recorded in the 2.7 Ma P. lamellina coral. This indicates that seasonal SST fluctuations were the dominant influence on this coral. Ranges of -4.67‰ ± 0.03‰ (2σ) to -5.48‰ ± 0.02‰ (2σ) and 0.88‰ to -1.12‰ for δ¹⁸O and δ¹³C, respectively, are similar to modern Platygyra coral results, suggesting that this coral has been preserved in pristine condition. Palaeo-SSTs have been reconstructed using a modern Platygyra temperature dependence equation, providing a range of 24-27.7° C and a mean of 25.9° C. Foraminiferal data from sediment cores in the greater Indo-Pacific suggest that mean annual SSTs at this time were ~ 2-3° C cooler than present. The coral record I present supports this statement, providing new insights into our understanding of tropical palaeoclimates. This coral has been entrained within a turbidite deposit on the sea floor that has subsequently been uplifted during the emergence of Timor, with U/Pb dating allowing further constraints of the stratigraphic age of the deposit. Tectonic narrowing is postulated to have caused major changes to the Indonesian Throughflow (ITF) from 4-2 Ma, and been a driver of major global climate change beginning in the late Pliocene. This means that fossil Platygyra corals Timor Leste could provide unique time slices of information about this important time in global climate history. This study confirms that G. retiformis, P. pini and P. lamellina corals are excellent candidates for further, detailed investigations. They provide the opportunity to develop new coral proxies which are both abundant throughout the tropics and distributed over a wide latitudinal range. Their prevalence in both modern and fossil reefs means that once modern samples of each species have been calibrated against modern SST and SSS, these corals will provide reliable, quantitative palaeoclimate proxies, with potential for data capture throughout the Indo-Pacific and mid latitudes. Geochemical coral archives are a crucial tool in the study of climate processes, and we believe that these species are ideally suited to enhancing and refining our current understanding of earth’s climate system.
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Miyaguchi, Takaaki. "Climate Change Impact Reduction through Corporate Community Interface -Cases from India and Indonesia-." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/123773.

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Kincaid, Joni L. "An assessment of regional climate trends and changes to the Mt. Jaya glaciers of Irian Jaya." Texas A&M University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/5804.

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Over the past century, glaciers throughout the tropics have predominately retreated. These small glaciers, which respond quickly to climate changes, are becoming increasingly important in understanding glacier-climate interactions. The glaciers on Mt. Jaya in Irian Jaya, Indonesia are the last remaining tropical glaciers in the Western Pacific region. Although considerable research exists investigating the climatic factors most affecting tropical glacier mass balance, extensive research on the Mt. Jaya glaciers has been lacking since the early 1970s. Using IKONOS satellite images, the ice extents of the Mt. Jaya glaciers in 2000, 2002, 2003, 2004, and 2005 were mapped. The mapping indicates that the recessional trend which began in the mid-19th century has continued. Between 1972 (Allison, 1974; Allison and Peterson, 1976) and 2000, the glaciers lost approximately 67.6% of their area, representing a reduction in surface ice area from 7.2 km2 to 2.35 km2. From 2000 to 2005, the glaciers lost an additional 0.54 km2, representing approximately 24% of the 2000 area. Rates of ice loss, calculated from area measurements for the Mt. Jaya glaciers in 1942, 1972, 1987, and 2005, indicate that ice loss on Mt. Jaya has increased during each subsequent period. Preliminary modeling, using 600 hPa atmospheric temperature, specific humidity, wind speeds, surface precipitation, and radiation values, acquired from the NCEP Reanalysis dataset, indicates that the only climate variable having a statistically-significant change with a magnitude great enough to strongly affect ice loss on these glaciers was an increase in the mean monthly atmospheric temperature of 0.24°C between 1972 and 1987. However, accelerated ice loss occurring from 1988-2005 without large observed changes in the weather variables indicates that a more complex explanation may be required. Small, though statistically-significant changes were found in regional precipitation, with precipitation decreasing from 1972-1987 and increasing from 1988-2005. While, individually, these changes were not of sufficient magnitude to have greatly affected ice loss on these glaciers, increased precipitation along with a rising freezing level may have resulted in a greater proportion of the glacier surface being affected by rain. This may account for the increased recession rate observed in the latter period.
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Mulyani, Mari. "The interplay between the REDD+ mechanism and forest-related institutions in Indonesia." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:23a98db8-6cc6-4e32-a82c-1e4eb069338a.

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A policy mechanism known as REDD+ (‘Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and forest Degradation, and enhancing forest carbon stocks and conservation’) is designed to contribute to climate change mitigation efforts and simultaneously support developing countries’ national development agendas. This is effected by providing REDD+ host countries with financial incentives to produce measurable reductions in carbon emissions beyond what would have occurred without REDD+. Indonesia is a key target of the REDD+ mechanism for several reasons, eg: (i) its forests support 10% of the world's remaining tropical rain forests and represent the fourth largest forest carbon stock globally, (ii) 80% of its GHG emissions result from deforestation and forest degradation, and (iii) it has the potential to reduce up to 120 million tons of CO2 per year. Consequently, to date Indonesia has received donor’s commitments of nearly US$2 billion for REDD+ development. Given this profile, Indonesia’s success in implementing REDD+ can contribute significantly to the efficacy of REDD+ globally. However, achieving this potential is undermined by a set of long-standing problems inherent within Indonesia’s forest institutions, including issues of corruption, coordination, uncertainty in the forests’ legal system, capacity to manage forests at multiple levels of government, and the use of forest concessions to consolidate political power. This thesis asks the primary research question: “How do REDD+ institutions effect governance reform within Indonesia’s existing national and sub-national forest institutions?” 'Institutionalism', in particular the concept of 'institutional interplay' is the main conceptual framework deployed and grounded in the context of the vertical interplay between the internationally-formulated REDD+ mechanism and Indonesia's forest institutions. Guided by the themes that emerged from the data collected, this research explored and expanded certain analytical approaches within the perspectives of institutionalism and governance, namely ‘historical institutionalism’, ‘clientelism’, 'critical juncture', ‘policy networks’ and ‘social learning’. This thesis adopted the ‘four paper route’ and employed mixed methods of data collection (ie interview, shadowing, and policy document review). It found that during the process of institutional interplay as REDD+ institutions deployed the principles of good governance, advanced a robust system of measurement, reporting and verification of reductions in carbon emission, attracted large funding, and involved a broad range and multi-scale of actors, the REDD+ mechanism produced 'collateral benefits'. The tangible form of these benefits was the production of new policy instruments, eg the 'national REDD+ strategy' (paper 2), 'one map initiative' (paper 3), and ‘village agreement’ (paper 4) through which a significant body of evidence showed the capability of REDD+ to effect governance reform within and beyond Indonesia's forestry sector. Paper 1, revealed how policy actors perceived REDD+ and as such provides the basis of these three papers. The positive results of institutional interplay that occurred were determined not only by the characteristic of REDD+ institutions themselves but also by the existence of domestic reformists and the national reform agenda.
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Aliloedin, Wiwin Widiyanti [Verfasser]. "Climate challenge and water scarcity adaptation strategies in the area of Pacitan, Indonesia / Wiwin Widiyanti Aliloedin." Gießen : Universitätsbibliothek, 2014. http://d-nb.info/106887421X/34.

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Books on the topic "Indonesia Climate"

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Seminar Sehari Mencari Format Baru Hukum Investasi di Indonesia (2003 Jakarta, Indonesia). Iklim investasi di Indonesia =: Investment climate in Indonesia. Menteng, Jakarta: Yayasan Graha Insan Sejahtera, 2005.

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Seminar Sehari Mencari Format Baru Hukum Investasi di Indonesia (2003 Jakarta, Indonesia). Iklim investasi di Indonesia =: Investment climate in Indonesia. Menteng, Jakarta: Yayasan Graha Insan Sejahtera, 2005.

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1964-, McCulloch Neil, and Institute of Southeast Asian Studies., eds. Rural investment climate in Indonesia. Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, 2009.

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Broto, Dewo. Blueprint for Indonesia Climate Change Trust Fund (ICCTF). Jakarta: Bappenas, 2009.

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Kaneko, Shinji, and Masato Kawanishi, eds. Climate Change Policies and Challenges in Indonesia. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-55994-8.

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Indonesia. Badan Perencanaan Pembangunan Nasional. Indonesia climate change sectoral roadmap: ICCSR : synthesis report. Jakarta: Badan Perencanaan Pembangunan Nasional, 2010.

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Djalante, Riyanti, Joni Jupesta, and Edvin Aldrian, eds. Climate Change Research, Policy and Actions in Indonesia. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-55536-8.

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Indonesia: Improving the investment climate for sustainable mining development. Jakarta]: Mining Policy and Reform Division, Oil, Gas, Mining and Chemicals Dept., World Bank Group, 2004.

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Karyono, Tri Harso. Green architecture: Pengantar pemahaman arsitektur hijau di Indonesia. Jakarta: Rajawali Pers, 2010.

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Simamora, Adianto P. Jurnalis dan perubahan iklim di Indonesia: Laporan dari lapangan = Journalist and climate change in Indonesia : field report. Jakarta?]: Society of Indonesian Environmental Journalists, 2010.

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Book chapters on the topic "Indonesia Climate"

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Matsuura, Eri, and Nobuo Sakagami. "Climate Change and Crop Management in Indonesia." In Interlocal Adaptations to Climate Change in East and Southeast Asia, 145–47. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-81207-2_15.

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AbstractRice is a daily staple for the most of Indonesian people, and rice consumption has increased every year as the population has increased (Suryani et al. 2016). Climate change has severely affected rice production by increasing minimum temperatures and changing rainfall patterns. The decline in rice yield due climate change could threaten national food security over the long term. To maintain the food self-supporting rate and support farmers, new technologies for adapting to climate change in farming systems are needed. Asia-Pacific Climate Change Adaptation Information Platform (AP-PLAT) (2020) reported that the Indonesian government published the National Action Plan for Climate Change Adaptation (Rencana Aksi Nasional Adaptasi Perubahan Iklim or RAN-API) in 2014, and the Ministry of the Environment of Japan (MOEJ) and the Ministry of National Development Planning, Indonesia (BAPPENAS) are cooperating to assess the impact of climate change for local adaptation planning in the Republic of Indonesia.
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Pramono, Retno W. D., and Leksono P. Subanu. "Yogyakarta, Indonesia." In Urbanization and Climate Co-Benefits, 191–203. Abingdon, Oxon; New York, NY: Routledge, 2017. | Series: Routledge advances in climate change research: Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315667300-19.

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Dirgahayani, Puspita. "Yogyakarta, Indonesia." In Urbanization and Climate Co-Benefits, 56–60. Abingdon, Oxon; New York, NY: Routledge, 2017. | Series: Routledge advances in climate change research: Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315667300-5.

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Shima, Norihisa. "Yogyakarta, Indonesia." In Urbanization and Climate Co-Benefits, 96–101. Abingdon, Oxon; New York, NY: Routledge, 2017. | Series: Routledge advances in climate change research: Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315667300-9.

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Umar, Ahmad Rizky Mardhatillah, Ezka Amalia, and Andika Putra. "Indonesia." In Climate Change, Disasters, and Internal Displacement in Asia and the Pacific, 156–78. Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon; New York, NY: Routledge, 2021.: Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003015062-10.

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Sari, Agus P., Alue Dohong, and Budi Wardhana. "Innovative Financing for Peatland Restoration in Indonesia." In Springer Climate, 247–64. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-55536-8_12.

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Eastin, J. "Climate change, livelihoods and domestic violence in Indonesia." In Gender, climate change and livelihoods: vulnerabilities and adaptations, 94–106. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789247053.0008.

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Abstract This book chapter dicsusses the data, methodological strategies, and findings, and the final section concludes with a discussion of key policy implications and directions for future research regarding climate change, livelihoods, and domestic violence in Indonesia. This study argues that climate shocks in Indonesia elevate the incidence of domestic violence via their impact on agriculture and agrarian livelihoods. Those relying on agriculture as a primary income source in Indonesia-approximately 41% of the population=suffer when climatic stress diminishes earnings through job loss and reduced crop yields. The impact can reduce food security, especially for subsistence farmers, but also for the broader population when scarcity elevates local food prices. Food already consumes 70% of household budgets for half the population, with rice comprising the largest share-over 25% of total household expenditures for the poorest quintile. Thus, even minor reductions in yields or inflation in local rice markets can have dire effects. These impacts are anticipated to exacerbate social and psychological pressures-stress, anxiety, depression, trauma, substance abuse-commonly associated with domestic and intimate partner violence, which in turn should increase its incidence within affected regions. This study uses data from the Global SPEI database and the NVMS to model the relationship between climate change and domestic violence in Indonesia. It finds that positive and negative deviations from long-term climate averages, when occurring in December-the core month of the Indonesian rice-planting season-increase the incidence of domestic violence in the following year. This relationship likely reflects the negative impact of climate shocks on agricultural sectors and livelihoods, an outcome which aggravates the emotional and psychological preconditions for domestic violence and abuse, disproportionately diminishes women's bargaining power in the household, and reduces women's ability to escape abusive situations. These effects are especially prominent in areas with higher levels of poverty, further illustrating the economic dimension of the causal process.
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Rachmawati, Laksmi, Andini Desita Ekaputri, Luh Kitty Katherina, and Heru Santoso. "Climate Change Adaptation in Indonesia." In Disaster Risk Reduction, 57–75. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-6088-7_4.

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Wibisana, Andri G., and Savitri Nur Setyorini. "Peatland Protection in Indonesia: Toward the Right Direction?" In Springer Climate, 301–28. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-55536-8_15.

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Djalante, Riyanti, Joni Jupesta, and Edvin Aldrian. "Correction to: Climate Change Research, Policy and Actions in Indonesia." In Springer Climate, C1—C5. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-55536-8_16.

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Conference papers on the topic "Indonesia Climate"

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Grosjean, Godefroy, Douxchamps S, and Traore SA. "The Asia Climate Policy Hub: Prioritizing Climate Smart Livestock Interventions for Indonesia." In Smart Livestock Management to Support Breeding Stock Availability Toward Modern Agriculture. Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.14334/proc.intsem.lpvt-2018-p.20-24.

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Pranindita, Nadiya, Saut Sagala, Agunan Samosir, Johannes Anhorn, Ann-Kathrin van Laere, Aleksejs Zacepins, Angela Sainz, et al. "Biogas Market in Indonesia: The Roles of Carbon Trading." In 2021 Third International Sustainability and Resilience Conference: Climate Change. IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ieeeconf53624.2021.9668030.

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Luqman, Yanuar. "Millennials Information-Seeking Behavior About Climate Change." In Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Indonesian Social and Political Enquiries, ICISPE 2020, 9-10 October 2020, Semarang, Indonesia. EAI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4108/eai.9-10-2020.2304814.

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SETYAWAN, AHMAD DWI. "Projection of geographical distribution shift of Selaginella ciliaris due to the future climate change." In Seminar Nasional Masyarakat Biodiversitas Indonesia. Masyarakat Biodiversitas Indonesia, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.13057/psnmbi/m010213.

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Hardianti, Wiji, and Milla Setyowati. "Tax Allowance Policy to Increase Investment Climate in Fishery Sector." In Proceedings of the 1st International Symposium on Indonesian Politics, SIP 2019, 26-27 June 2019, Central Java, Indonesia. EAI, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4108/eai.25-6-2019.2288029.

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Sari, Laina Hilma. "Dutch Dwelling Design In Adapting The Warm-Humid Climate In Indonesia." In ICRP 2019 - 4th International Conference on Rebuilding Place. Cognitive-Crcs, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.15405/epms.2019.12.25.

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Maulani, Galih Abdul Fatah, Nizar Alam Hamdani, Sukma Nugraha, and Teten Mohamad Sapril Mubarok. "Entrepreneurial Culture and Organizational Climate in the Barbers Village, Garut, Indonesia." In International Conference on Management, Accounting, and Economy (ICMAE 2020). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/aebmr.k.200915.053.

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"Assessing urban water security and climate change adaptation in Makassar, Indonesia." In 20th International Congress on Modelling and Simulation (MODSIM2013). Modelling and Simulation Society of Australia and New Zealand (MSSANZ), Inc., 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.36334/modsim.2013.k7.tjandraatmadja.

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"Does Organizational Climate Affects on Employee Happiness Among Lecturer in Indonesia?" In ABLE-18, ICLHESS-18 & MLEIS-18. Dignified Researchers Publication (DiRPUB), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15242/dirpub.dirh0118039.

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Soenarno, Sri Murni. "Women's Adaptation to Climate Change: An Empirical Study of Housewives related to Food Procurement." In Proceedings of the 1st Konferensi Internasional Berbahasa Indonesia Universitas Indraprasta PGRI, KIBAR 2020, 28 October 2020, Jakarta, Indonesia. EAI, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4108/eai.28-10-2020.2315353.

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Reports on the topic "Indonesia Climate"

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D., Murdiyarso, and Kauffman J.B. Addressing climate change adaptation and mitigation in tropical wetland ecosystems of Indonesia. Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR), 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.17528/cifor/003512.

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Galudra, Gamma, and Aenunaim . Shifting discourse, shifting power: how is climate change mitigation and justice negotiated in Indonesia? World Agroforestry Centre, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5716/wp18009.pdf.

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D., Murdiyarso, Kauffman J.B., Warren M., Pramova E., and Hergoualc'h K. Tropical wetlands for climate change adaptation and mitigation: science and policy imperatives with special reference to Indonesia. Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR), 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.17528/cifor/003806.

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Sett, Dominic, Florian Waldschmidt, Alvaro Rojas-Ferreira, Saut Sagala, Teresa Arce Mojica, Preeti Koirala, Patrick Sanady, et al. Climate and disaster risk analytics tool for adaptive social protection. United Nations University - Institute for Environment and Human Security, March 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.53324/wnsg2302.

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Adaptive Social Protection (ASP) as discussed in this report is an approach to enhance the well-being of communities at risk. As an integrated approach, ASP builds on the interface of Disaster Risk Management (DRM), Climate Change Adaptation (CCA) and Social Protection (SP) to address interconnected risks by building resilience, thereby overcoming the shortcomings of traditionally sectoral approaches. The design of meaningful ASP measures needs to be informed by specific information on risk, risk drivers and impacts on communities at risk. In contrast, a limited understanding of risk and its drivers can potentially lead to maladaptation practices. Therefore, multidimensional risk assessments are vital for the successful implementation of ASP. Although many sectoral tools to assess risks exist, available integrated risk assessment methods across sectors are still inadequate in the context of ASP, presenting an important research and implementation gap. ASP is now gaining international momentum, making the timely development of a comprehensive risk analytics tool even more important, including in Indonesia, where nationwide implementation of ASP is currently under way. OBJECTIVE: To address this gap, this study explores the feasibility of a climate and disaster risk analytics tool for ASP (CADRAT-ASP), combining sectoral risk assessment in the context of ASP with a more comprehensive risk analytics approach. Risk analytics improve the understanding of risks by locating and quantifying the potential impacts of disasters. For example, the Economics of Climate Adaptation (ECA) framework quantifies probable current and expected future impacts of extreme events and determines the monetary cost and benefits of specific risk management and adaptation measures. Using the ECA framework, this report examines the viability and practicality of applying a quantitative risk analytics approach for non-financial and non-tangible assets that were identified as central to ASP. This quantitative approach helps to identify cost-effective interventions to support risk-informed decision making for ASP. Therefore, we used Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia, as a case study, to identify potential entry points and examples for the further development and application of such an approach. METHODS & RESULTS: The report presents an analysis of central risks and related impacts on communities in the context of ASP. In addition, central social protection dimensions (SPD) necessary for the successful implementation of ASP and respective data needs from a theoretical perspective are identified. The application of the quantitative ECA framework is tested for tropical storms in the context of ASP, providing an operational perspective on technical feasibility. Finally, recommendations on further research for the potential application of a suitable ASP risk analytics tool in Indonesia are proposed. Results show that the ECA framework and its quantitative modelling platform CLIMADA successfully quantified the impact of tropical storms on four SPDs. These SPDs (income, access to health, access to education and mobility) were selected based on the results from the Hazard, Exposure and Vulnerability Assessment (HEVA) conducted to support the development of an ASP roadmap for the Republic of Indonesia (UNU-EHS 2022, forthcoming). The SPDs were modelled using remote sensing, gridded data and available global indices. The results illustrate the value of the outcome to inform decision making and a better allocation of resources to deliver ASP to the case study area. RECOMMENDATIONS: This report highlights strong potential for the application of the ECA framework in the ASP context. The impact of extreme weather events on four social protection dimensions, ranging from access to health care and income to education and mobility, were successfully quantified. In addition, further developments of CADRAT-ASP can be envisaged to improve modelling results and uptake of this tool in ASP implementation. Recommendations are provided for four central themes: mainstreaming the CADRAT approach into ASP, data and information needs for the application of CADRAT-ASP, methodological advancements of the ECA framework to support ASP and use of CADRAT-ASP for improved resilience-building. Specific recommendations are given, including the integration of additional hazards, such as flood, drought or heatwaves, for a more comprehensive outlook on potential risks. This would provide a broader overview and allow for multi-hazard risk planning. In addition, high-resolution local data and stakeholder involvement can increase both ownership and the relevance of SPDs. Further recommendations include the development of a database and the inclusion of climate and socioeconomic scenarios in analyses.
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Sett, Dominic, Christina Widjaja, Patrick Sanady, Angelica Greco, Neysa Setiadi, Saut Sagala, Cut Sri Rozanna, and Simone Sandholz. Hazards, Exposure and Vulnerability in Indonesia: A risk assessment across regions and provinces to inform the development of an Adaptive Social Protection Road Map. United Nations University - Institute for Environment and Human Security, March 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.53324/uvrd1447.

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Risk induced by natural hazards and climate change has been accelerating worldwide, leading to adverse impacts on communities' well-being. Dealing with this risk is increasingly complex and requires cross-sectoral action. Adaptive Social Protection (ASP) has emerged as a promising approach to strengthen the resilience of communities by integrating Social Protection (SP), Disaster Risk Management (DRM) and Climate Change Adaptation (CCA) efforts. To inform this integration and thereby support the development of a functional ASP approach, the identification and provision of relevant data and information are vital. In this context, risk assessments are crucial as they establish the groundwork for the design of effective ASP interventions. However, despite the importance of risk information for ASP and the abundance of sectoral assessments, there is not yet a comprehensive risk assessment approach, a reality that also applies to Indonesia. Although the country is one of the international pioneers of the concept and has enshrined ASP at the highest national level in its development plans, this emphasis in policy and practice has been hampered by the absence of more unified assessment methods. The Hazard, Exposure and Vulnerability Assessment (HEVA) presented here takes a unique approach to develop such a cross-sectoral risk assessment and apply it throughout Indonesia. The HEVA brings together different risk understandings of key actors both internationally and domestically within SP, DRM and CCA, as well as identifying commonalities across sectors to establish a joint understanding. The HEVA not only considers risk as an overarching outcome but also focuses on its drivers, i.e. hazards, exposure and vulnerability, to identify why specific communities are at risk and thus customize ASP interventions. Subsequently, risks are assessed for Indonesia’s regions and provinces based on this cross-sectoral risk understanding. Secondary data has been acquired from various existing sectoral assessments conducted in Indonesia, and in total, data for 44 indicators has been compiled to calculate hazard, exposure and vulnerability levels for all 34 Indonesian provinces. Findings of the HEVA suggest that overall risk is high in Indonesia and no single province can be characterized as a low-risk area, demonstrating a strong relevance for ASP throughout the whole of the country. Papua, Maluku, and Central Sulawesi were identified as provinces with the highest overall risk in Indonesia. However, even Yogyakarta, which was identified as a comparatively low-risk province, still ranks among the ten most hazard-prone provinces in the country and has a demonstrated history of severe impact events. This also underlines that the composition of risk based on the interplay of hazard, exposure and vulnerability differs significantly among provinces. For example, in Papua and West Papua, vulnerability ranks as the highest in Indonesia, while hazard and exposure levels are comparatively low. In contrast, East Java and Central Java are among the highest hazard-prone provinces, while exposure and vulnerability are comparatively low. The results provide much more comprehensive insight than individual sectoral analyses can offer, facilitating the strategic development and implementation of targeted ASP interventions that address the respective key risk components. Based on lessons learned from the development and application of the HEVA approach, as well as from the retrieved results, the report provides recommendations relevant for policymakers, practitioners and researchers. First, recommendations regarding risk assessments for ASP are given, emphasizing the need to bring together sectoral understandings and to consider the interconnection of hazards, exposure and vulnerability, including their drivers and root causes, to assess current and future risk. It is also recommended to complement national level assessments with more specific local assessments. Secondly, recommendations regarding ASP option development in general are provided, including the importance of considering side effects of interventions, root causes of risks, the potential of nature-based solutions and barriers to implementation due to local capacities when designing ASP interventions. Third, recommendations regarding focal areas for ASP programmes are outlined for the case of Indonesia, such as prioritizing interventions in risk hotspots and areas characterized by high readiness for ASP solutions. At the same time, it is vital to leave no region behind as all provinces face risks that potentially jeopardize communities’ well-being.
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Putriastuti, Massita Ayu Cindy, Vivi Fitriyanti, Vivid Amalia Khusna, and Inka B. Yusgiantoro. Crowdfunding Potential: Willingness to Invest and Donate for Green Project in Indonesia. Purnomo Yusgiantoro Center, August 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.33116/pycrr-1.

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Highlights • Individual investors prefer to have an investment with high ROI rather than a low-profit investment with environmental and social benefits. • Males invest and donate more money than females in terms of quantity and frequency. • People with a level of education above an associate degree (D3) have a significantly higher level of willingness to invest and donate to green project, compared to people with a lower level of education. • In general, people with a higher income level have a higher willingness to invest. However, there is no proof on the relationship between level of income and willingness to donate. • The age increases have a positive correlation with the willingness to invest in green project. Nevertheless, people >44 years old are more interested in donating than investing. • The younger generation (<44 years) tends to pick higher returns and short payback periods compared to the older generations (>44 years). • The respondents tend to invest and donate to the project located in the frontier, outermost, and least developed region (3T) even though the majority of the respondents are from Java, Madura, and Bali. • A social project such as health and education are preferable projects chosen by the respondents to invest and donate to, followed by the conservation, climate crisis, region’s welfare, and clean energy access. • Clean energy has not been seen as one of the preferred targets for green project investors and donors due to the poor knowledge of its direct impact on the environment and people’s welfare. • The average willingness to invest and donate is IDR 10,527,004 and IDR 2,893,079/person/annum with desired return on investment (ROI) and payback period (PP) of 5–8% 24 months, respectively. • Respondents prefer to donate more money to reward donations than donations without reward. • There is an enormous potential of crowdfunding as green project alternative financing, including renewable energy. The total investment could reach up to IDR 192 trillion (USD 13.4 billion)/annum and up to IDR 46 trillion (USD 3.2 billion)/annum for donation. • The main bottlenecks are poor financial literacy and the lack of platforms to facilitate public participation. • COVID-19 has decreased willingness to pay and invest due to income reduction and the uncertain economic recovery situation. However, it makes people pay more attention to the sustainability factor (shifting paradigm in investment).
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Iffat, Idris. Trends in Conflict and Stability in the Indo-Pacific. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.009.

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This report looks at trends in conflict and instability in the Indo-Pacific region, focusing on climate change effects and a number of civil liberties. The Indo-Pacific region is both highly vulnerable to the effects of climate change and already facing significant security risks and challenges, many of which will be exacerbated by the impact of climate change. There are notable increases in resource-based conflicts, migration-induced violence, and armed insurgencies. The countries reviewed all show worrying trends in terms of erosion of freedom of expression, media freedom, freedom of belief, and civil society freedom. The situation in Bangladesh and India is particularly serious and is already fuelling violence and conflict. The two themes on which the Emerging Issues Report (EIR) focuses are (i) climate change and (ii) guarding civil space and including all voices. The EIR examines these two themes in five Indo-Pacific countries: Bangladesh, India, Indonesia, the Philippines, and Thailand. These were chosen to give a broad range of situations and challenges/risks from the region. Note that this EIR is confined to an assessment of conflict risks and does not examine measures being taken by the government or others to address these.
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., Subejo. Indonesia's farmers adapt to climate change. Edited by Ria Ernunsari and Sara Phillips. Monash University, June 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54377/65f0-dfec.

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The Enhancement of Energy Security for a Sustainable Future. Purnomo Yusgiantoro Center, June 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.33116/pyciec-fr.

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Indonesia needs to address the conceptualization of energy security to help policies’ formulation. Indonesia follows the concept of four As for its energy security. Currently, Indonesia has a strong dependence on fossil fuels, depicted by its higher consumption than domestic production. In 2020, fossil energy accounted for 88.7% of Indonesia’s energy mix, and the remaining was contributed by renewable energy. As a result, Indonesia has a high expenditure on imported fuel, LPG, and other petroleum products to guarantee its availability. Moreover, Indonesia’s subsidy policy has maintained the people’s purchasing power, despite its justice needs to be further assessed. Indonesia’s SDGs targets are still progressing, with Indonesia’s SDG7 (affordable and clean energy) target is in the on-track category, while SDG13 (climate action) is in the stagnant category. Thus, without solid commitment, Indonesia may not be able to reduce the 29% and 41% of GHG emissions conditionally by international aid by 2030. Hence, the key to enhancing the sustainability aspect of energy security lies in the synchronization of energy and climate action. Specifically, energy diversification has to be accelerated, and it requires all stakeholders’ involvement to solve these issues. We Focus on three issues as in the following: the role of fossil energy in the energy transition; the role of electricity in Net Zero Emissions; and the development of new and renewable energy to strengthen energy security. Continue reading at https://www.purnomoyusgiantorocenter.org/the-enhancement-of-energy-security-for-a-sustainable-future/ | The Purnomo Yusgiantoro Center
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Unlocking the Economic and Social Value of Indonesia’s State-Owned Enterprises. Asian Development Bank, December 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.22617/spr220442-2.

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This report provides an analysis of Indonesia’s state-owned enterprises (SOEs), explores their prominent economic and social role, and explains how further reforms can unlock their commercial and developmental potential. Acting as a diagnostic to help inform the government’s SOE reform agenda, the report emphasizes the need to strengthen governance and refine incentives. Explaining how SOEs have the potential to help solve core challenges around building infrastructure or tackling climate change, it shows how strengthening SOEs through targeted measures can ensure they better support Indonesia’s pandemic recovery and drive stronger economic growth.
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