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Journal articles on the topic 'Indochina'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 31 July 2024

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1

Davi, Waldman Santos. "INDOCHINA." Revista de Estudos Acadêmicos de Letras 7, no. 2 (December 1, 2014): 165–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.30681/real.v7i2.276.

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2

Anh, Huynh Phuong. "Japanese commercial activities in French Indochina from the late 19th century to 1945." Science & Technology Development Journal - Social Sciences & Humanities 5, no. 1 (April 19, 2021): 919–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.32508/stdjssh.v5i1.646.

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From the late 19th century to the early 20th century, Japan promoted trade and investment in Southeast Asia, including French Indochina. As a subregion with an abundance of natural resources and potential consumption market, Indochina became an attractive destination for Japanese merchants and companies. The Japanese merchants moved into French Indochina from the end of the 19th century and the early 20th century together with the great surge of Japanese immigration to Southeast Asian countries since the end of the Meiji period. In the first phase, the number of Japanese merchants in Indochina was relatively small and mainly engaged in importing and exporting activities or grocery trading. In addition to merchants, Japanese economic zaibatsu and companies started to open representative offices or branches in Indochina such as Mitsui Bussan, Mitsubishi, Menka which focused on purchasing rice and coal. However, from the early 20th century to the late 1930s, commercial activities of Japanese merchants and companies in Indochina were restricted due to various reasons. From the late 1930s to the 1940s, along with Japanese commercial policy towards Southeast Asia, especially the entry of Japanese military into Indochina, the Japanese merchants and companies expanded their commercial activities in this region, through which the great impacts were put upon foreign trade activities in Indochina as well as the commercial relationship between Japan and Indochina.
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3

MUNG, Duong Thanh. "Trade between the United States and Indochinese Union in the First Half of the 20th Century." Vostok. Afro-aziatskie obshchestva: istoriia i sovremennost, no. 2 (2024): 78. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s086919080030063-6.

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This article aims to analyze the commercial activities between the Indochinese Union (Indochina) and the United States in the first half of the XX century. The study focuses on three fundamental issues: The US efforts to seek markets in the Indochina region; commercial exchanges between the French-controlled Indochina and the US in the first half of the XX century; and the commercial benefits that the parties obtained. The results show that the commercial exchange between the Indochina and the US was under the strict management and control of the French colonial government. The policies that France conducted in Indochina during this period caused many disadvantages for the Indochina - US commercial relationship. The Indochinese Union did not have much freedom in choosing trade partners and was highly dependent on France's policies in the colonies. Apart from the subjection to France’s manipulation, commercial exchanges between the Indochina and the US had different rules compared to other European and American countries. Starting from merely commercial activities, the US intervened more deeply in the region by launching a military invasion of Indochina. This study contributes to clarifying the commercial policies of France towards the Indochina during the colonial period, the commercial activities of the US in the Far East region, as well as the history of Vietnam in the first half of the XX century.
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4

Bakalin, Vadim A., Ksenia G. Klimova, Seung Se Choi, and Van Sinh Nguyen. "Once Again on the Distribution of Syzygiella (Adelanthaceae, Marchantiophyta) in Indochina." Diversity 16, no. 3 (February 26, 2024): 149. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d16030149.

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The distribution of known Syzygiella taxa in Indochina was reviewed. Currently, four species are known in Indochina: S. autumnalis, S. elongella, S. nipponica, and S. securifolia. This genus is reported for the first time in the flora of Cambodia, and S. securifolia is newly recorded for Vietnam. Herein, a description of oil bodies for S. securifolia is provided for the first time. A morphological description of the species and intravital photographs, as well as line-art illustrations, are provided along with the identification key to the Syzygiella taxa known in Indochina. A comparison of the climatic parameters of the collection sites for four known species showed that three of them occupy a relatively marginal position in the flora of Indochina as a whole and are known from colder biomes on the very northern edge of the peninsula. The locations of Syzygiella securifolia are scattered not only on the geographical map of Indochina but also on the bioclimatic scatterplot; these locations are likely an underestimation of the distribution of this taxon in Indochina, although it is generally rare worldwide. A comparison of lists of liverworts across the countries of Indochina will help identify groups of taxa for further targeted searches with the purpose of obtaining more comprehensive knowledge of the biodiversity of still poorly studied Indochina countries.
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5

BAYLEY, SUSAN. "French Anthropology and the Durkheimians in Colonial Indochina." Modern Asian Studies 34, no. 3 (July 2000): 581–622. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x00003954.

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The aim of this paper is to use both anthropological and historical approaches to explore the distinctive nature of colonialism in French-ruled Indochina. From this interdisciplinary perspective, it seeks to contextualize a rich but little known series of nineteenth- and twentieth-century writings on Indochina's peoples and cultures. It notes particularly their emphasis on concepts of the community and of the transforming revolutionary event. And it argues that these writings' distinctive understandings of race, culture and polity profoundly affected the thought and action of Asians as well as Europeans, with these effects being felt both within and beyond the French empire.
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6

Klintworth, Gary. "China’s Indochina policy." Journal of Northeast Asian Studies 8, no. 3 (September 1989): 25–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03025404.

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7

Cooper, Nikki. "(En)Gendering indochina." Women's Studies International Forum 23, no. 6 (November 2000): 749–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0277-5395(00)00148-5.

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8

Lin, C. Y., H. M. Hsu, Y. H. Lee, C. H. Kuo, Y. F. Sheng, and D. A. Chu. "A new transport mechanism of biomass burning from Indochina as identified by modeling studies." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 9, no. 3 (June 15, 2009): 13155–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-9-13155-2009.

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Abstract. Biomass burning in the Indochina Peninsula (Indochina) is one of the important ozone sources in the low troposphere over East Asia in springtime. MODIS data showed that nearly 20 000 fires or more occurred annually in spring only from 2000 to 2007. In our tracer modeling study, we identified a new mechanism transporting the tracer over Indochina that is significantly different from the vertical transport mechanism over the areas around the equator such as Indonesia and Malaysia. Simulation results demonstrate that the leeside trough over Indochina played a dominant role in the uplift of the tracer below 3 km, and that the strong westerlies prevailed above 3 km to transport the tracer. They provided the fundamental mechanisms a major impact on the air quality downwind from Indochina over East Asia. And the climatological importance of such leeside trough is also discussed.
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9

Lin, C. Y., H. m. Hsu, Y. H. Lee, C. H. Kuo, Y. F. Sheng, and D. A. Chu. "A new transport mechanism of biomass burning from Indochina as identified by modeling studies." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 9, no. 20 (October 21, 2009): 7901–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-9-7901-2009.

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Abstract. Biomass burning in the Indochina Peninsula (Indochina) is one of the important ozone sources in the low troposphere over East Asia in springtime. Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data show that 20 000 or more active fire detections occurred annually in spring only from 2000 to 2007. In our tracer modeling study, we identify a new mechanism transporting the tracer over Indochina that is significantly different from the vertical transport mechanism over the equatorial areas such as Indonesia and Malaysia. Simulation results demonstrate that the leeside troughs over Indochina play a dominant role in the uplift of the tracer below 3 km, and that the strong westerlies prevailing above 3 km transport the tracer. These fundamental mechanisms have a major impact on the air quality downwind from Indochina over East Asia. The climatological importance of such a leeside trough is also discussed.
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10

Hoang, Dr Tham Thi. "Strategic Plan Of The Major Countries At The Geneva Conference On Indochina And The Position Of The Democratic Republic Of Vietnam On The Issue Of Restoring Peace In Indochina In 1954." International Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities Invention 10, no. 08 (August 2, 2023): 7964–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.18535/ijsshi/v10i08.01.

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On July 21, 1954, the Geneva Accords on Indochina was signed in Geneva, Switzerland, ending the Vietnamese people's long-term resistance war against the French colonialists, completely liberating North Vietnam, opening a new phase of the Vietnamese revolution with the aim of reunifying the country. The signing of the Geneva Accords on Indochina confirmed the first international legal recognition of the three Indochina countries signed and recognized by the major countries attending the Conference. In particular, for Vietnam, this is also the first time that major countries have had to recognize Vietnam's independence, sovereignty and territorial integrity, creating a very important premise and legal basis for Vietnam to continue its struggle against the intervention and aggression of the US imperialists. Many foreign and Vietnamese scholars have researched and published many works in the form of books and articles from different perspectives and approaches regarding the Geneva Conference and Accords on Indochina. In this article, the author approaches from the perspective of a researcher about the two wars against France and the US of the Vietnamese people on the basis of accessing published domestic and international open sources with the hope of clarifying three issues: 1. Analyzing and clarifying the international context at the time of the Geneva Conference on Indochina; 2. Clarifying strategic intentions and purposes of major countries attending the Geneva Conference on Indochina; 3. Clarifying the position of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam towards the Geneva Conference on the restoration of peace in Indochina.
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11

Lu, Shuang, Zibo Zhou, Mingyang Houding, Liu Yang, Qiang Gao, Chenglong Cao, Xiang Li, and Ziqiang Bu. "Study into the Evolution of Spatiotemporal Characteristics and Driving Mechanisms of Production–Living–Ecological Spaces on the Indochina Peninsula." Land 12, no. 9 (September 12, 2023): 1767. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land12091767.

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Influenced by historical background, regional economic development, and the frequent occurrence of armed conflict, the human–earth relationship in the Central and Southern Peninsula, which is located in a “fragmented zone”, is characteristic of the region. The Indochina Peninsula has now become an area of interest for the study of spatial changes in production–living–ecological spaces (PLES). Taking the Indochina Peninsula as the study area, this paper explores the evolution of the spatiotemporal patterns of PLES and its driving mechanism in the Indochina Peninsula, from 2010 to 2020, based on a grid scale. Methods such as the land-use transition matrix, land-use dynamics index, and geographically and temporally weighted regression (GTWR) were used in our model, which will provide the basic data and reference for sustainable development planning across the Indochina Peninsula. Our results show that, from 2010 to 2020, ecological space dominated the PLES pattern on the Indochina Peninsula, but its area gradually decreased, accompanied by a sharp increase in the areas of productive and living spaces. The area of PLES interconversion on the Indochina Peninsula in 2010–2020 was 212,818.70 km2, and the intertransfer of production and ecological spaces was distributed in a networklike manner throughout the Indochina Peninsula, while the transfer of living space was distributed in a pointlike manner. The migration path of the center of gravity of PLES on the Indochina Peninsula demonstrated a significant directional difference, and the direction and extent of the standard deviation ellipse distribution of the ecological space was similar to that of the production space. The PLES’s pattern evolution was affected by the degree of multiple factors, with a significant spatial and temporal heterogeneity. The positive and negative feedback effects of the factors were distributed in different areas and in different transfer directions.
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12

Pham, Phong. "A checklist of Ropalidiini wasps (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Polistinae) in Indochina." Archives of Biological Sciences 66, no. 3 (2014): 1061–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/abs1403061p.

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As a basis for intensive study of the taxonomy and biogeography of Ropalidiini wasps in Indochina (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Polistinae), a checklist of Ropalidiini wasps (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) is presented. A total of 57 Ropalidiini species and subspecies belonging to three genera from Indochina are listed, together with information of the type material deposited in the Natural History Collection, Ibaraki University, Japan (IUNH) and the Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources (IEBR). References of their distribution in Indochina are also provided.
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13

Takahashi, Hiroshi G., Hatsuki Fujinami, Tetsuzo Yasunari, Jun Matsumoto, and Somchai Baimoung. "Role of Tropical Cyclones along the Monsoon Trough in the 2011 Thai Flood and Interannual Variability." Journal of Climate 28, no. 4 (February 11, 2015): 1465–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-14-00147.1.

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Abstract The atmospheric circulation patterns that were responsible for the heavy flooding that occurred in Thailand in 2011 are examined. This paper also investigates the interannual variation in precipitation over Indochina over a 33-yr period from 1979–2011, focusing on the role of westward-propagating tropical cyclones (TCs) over the Asian monsoon region. Cyclonic anomalies and more westward-propagating TCs than expected from the climatology of the area were observed in 2011 along the monsoon trough from the northern Indian subcontinent, the Bay of Bengal, Indochina, and the western North Pacific, which contributed significantly to the 2011 Thai flood. The strength of monsoon westerlies was normal, which implies that the monsoon westerly was not responsible for the seasonal heavy rainfall in 2011. Similar results were also obtained from the 33-yr statistical analysis. The 5-month total precipitation over Indochina covaried interannually with that along the monsoon trough. In addition, above-normal precipitation over Indochina was observed when enhanced cyclonic circulation with more westward-propagating TCs along the monsoon trough was observed. Notably, the above-normal precipitation was not due to the enhanced monsoon westerly over Indochina. Therefore, the 2011 Thai flood was caused by the typical atmospheric circulation pattern for an above-normal precipitation year. It is noteworthy that the effect of sea surface temperature (SST) forcing over the western North Pacific and the Niño-3.4 region on total precipitation during the summer rainy season over Indochina was unclear over the 33-yr period.
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14

Motomura, Yuichiro. "Transportation Development in Indochina." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1563, no. 1 (January 1996): 41–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198196156300106.

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For the first time in history the three countries in Indochina—Cambodia, Laos, and Viet Nam—have started a massive effort to upgrade their transportation systems, particularly those linking each one to the others. Despite the fact that the great Mekong River runs through all three countries, natural barriers formed by the massive Annamite Mountains, which extend from the Himalayas, effectively divide the peninsula, preventing both the Chinese civilization from the east and the Indian civilization from the west from crossing the barrier. Such seclusion suited the region's socialist regimes well in the 1970s and 1980s. Since the 1990s, however, circumstances have induced these three countries to adopt more market-oriented and outward-looking policies, which created interest in expanding and strengthening the region's transportation network. In addition to the drawing up of plans for domestic transportation networks, frequent international conferences have been convened to seek cooperation among the Indochinese countries and from abroad. Many projects have been identified, and some are being implemented. The extreme neglect under which the transportation network has operated during the past two decades has made such efforts daunting. The task of upgrading transportation infrastructure in Indochina will be a priority for some time to come.
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15

Wyatt, David K., and Arthur J. Dommen. "Laos: Keystone of Indochina." Pacific Affairs 59, no. 3 (1986): 534. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2758367.

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16

Zagoria, Donald S., and Arthur J. Dommen. "Laos: Keystone of Indochina." Foreign Affairs 64, no. 5 (1986): 1127. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/20042847.

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17

Gordon, Bernard K. "The Third Indochina Conflict." Foreign Affairs 65, no. 1 (1986): 66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/20042862.

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18

Seidenfaden, Gunnar. "The Orchids of Indochina." Nordic Journal of Botany 13, no. 1 (March 1993): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1756-1051.1993.tb00015.x.

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19

Seidenfaden, Gunnar. "The Orchids of Indochina." Nordic Journal of Botany 13, no. 2 (June 1993): 226. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1756-1051.1993.tb00040.x.

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20

Thayer, Carlyle. "Australian scholarship and Indochina." Asian Studies Association of Australia. Review 10, no. 1 (July 1986): 123–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03147538608712432.

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21

Syidad, Ahmad Wildan. "Islamisasi di Wilayah Indochina." AN NUR: Jurnal Studi Islam 15, no. 1 (June 29, 2023): 137–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.37252/annur.v15i1.426.

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Indochina was divided into three main regions namely Cambodia, Laos and Vietnam. These three countries were countries where the majority of the population adheres to the Buddhist belief system or religion. Islam was a very minority religion in these three countries. This article aimed to explain how the process of Islamization in the Indochina region. This research used qualitative research methods by focusing on literature studies through historical methods with three stages, namely heuristics, source criticism, interpretation, and historiography. The results of this study indicated that the process of Islamization in Cambodia which was initially welcomed by the king and local people went through the dark period of the red Khemr regime and finally the Muslim community in Cambodia was free and they rebuilt their religious system, so that the latter could live hand in hand with other religions. The process of Islamization in Laos was engaged in trading and managing butcher shops. They lived in the jami' mosque in Vientiane. Meanwhile, the process of Islamization in Vietnam started from the kingdom of Champa. There were several theories which state that the process of the arrival of Islam in Vietnam started from the relationship carried out by the crew of the Champa royal ship with traders from Brunei and Banten (Indonesia).
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22

Oskolski, Alexei A. "Wood Anatomy of Schefflera and Related Taxa (Araliaceae)." IAWA Journal 16, no. 2 (1995): 159–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22941932-90001402.

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The wood anatomy of 31 Schefflera species from Indochina, Australia, Oceania, Africa, and South America, 3 species of Didymopanax from South America, and Tupidanthus calyptratus and Scheffleropsis hemiepiphytica from Indochina (Araliaceae) are described. Seven groups of species can be recognised.
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23

Vu, T. M., and A. Mishra. "Spatial and temporal variability of Standardized Precipitation Index over Indochina Peninsula." Cuadernos de Investigación Geográfica 42, no. 1 (June 27, 2016): 221. http://dx.doi.org/10.18172/cig.2928.

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Indochina Peninsula has abundant water resources; however, most of the rain falls during the wet season. An arid condition is quite pronounced throughout the dry season. The majority of population depends on the agriculture as the main source of livelihood income. It is, therefore, important to study the drought and wetness over the region because crops are vulnerable to extreme climatic conditions. We used gridded precipitation APHRODITE and Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) to evaluate the spatial and temporal variability of drought and wetness over Indochina peninsula. Nonparametric Modified Mann-Kendall (MMK) trend test was applied to determine the SPI trends over this region. There is a decrease in precipitation over a large part of Indochina during winter (dry season) and an increasing pattern during summer (rainy season). The increasing trend of SPI indicates an increase in wet condition over most parts of Indochina peninsula except for Red River Delta in Vietnam, central parts of Vietnam/Laos and western parts of Cambodia.
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Hardy, Andrew. "The Economics of French Rule in Indochina: A Biography of Paul Bernard (1892–1960)." Modern Asian Studies 32, no. 4 (October 1998): 807–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x98002911.

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This article uses a biography of banker and economist Paul Bernard to describe the debates that influenced economic policy makers and business circles during the last quarter century of French rule in Indochina. Bernard, from the Great Depression through to his death in 1960, exercised considerable influence on the way French leaders thought about the economy of their Southeast Asian colony and of their overseas territories as a whole. As a financier, he also played a part in its shaping. This article outlines his business activities, especially as managing director of the French and Colonial Finance Company (SFFC), an important colonial finance house, and is to this extent a business history. Bernard, finally, participated in the state planning of the colonial economy during the heyday of French interventionism. From the point of view of his involvement, the article describes the role of the state in colonial economic development. His involvement was both constructive, in the drawing up of Indochina's industrialization plans, and critical, in repeated attacks on what he saw as misguided or irrelevant policy. He did not confine his comments to economic matters, and his criticism of the administration of Indochina may be taken as a running commentary of the final decades of France's colonial engagement in Southeast Asia.
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Tang, Bin, Wenting Hu, and Anmin Duan. "Assessment of Extreme Precipitation Indices over Indochina and South China in CMIP6 Models." Journal of Climate 34, no. 18 (September 2021): 7507–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-20-0948.1.

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AbstractPrecipitation extremes over the Indochina and South China (INCSC) region simulated by 40 global climate models from phase 6 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6) were quantitatively assessed based on the skill score metrics of four extreme precipitation indices when compared with observational results from a high-resolution daily precipitation dataset for 1958–2014. The results show that it is difficult for most of the CMIP6 models to reproduce the observed spatial pattern of extreme precipitation indices in the INCSC region. The interannual variability of the extreme precipitation indices is relatively better simulated for South China than for Indochina. In general, most of the CMIP6 models perform better in South China compared with Indochina when taking both the simulations of spatial pattern and interannual variability into consideration. Only three models (EC-EARTH3, EC-EARTH3-Veg, and NorESM2-MM) can successfully reproduce both the spatial pattern and the interannual variability for the INCSC region. Through model ranking, the multimodel ensemble generated by a selection of the most skillful models leads to a more realistic simulation of the extreme precipitation indices both in South China and Indochina. Better simulation of the meridional wind component over South China and the water vapor convergence over Indochina can partly reduce the wet biases, resulting in a more realistic simulation of extreme precipitation indices over the INCSC region.
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Poyarkov, Nikolay A., Tan Van Nguyen, Evgeniy S. Popov, Peter Geissler, Parinya Pawangkhanant, Thy Neang, Chatmongkon Suwannapoom, Natalia B. Ananjeva, and Nikolai L. Orlov. "Recent Progress in Taxonomic Studies, Biogeographic Analysis, and Revised Checklist of Reptiles in Indochina." Russian Journal of Herpetology 30, no. 5 (October 7, 2023): 255–476. http://dx.doi.org/10.30906/1026-2296-2023-30-5-255-476.

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The Indochinese Peninsula represents one of the key global biodiversity hotspots in Southeast Asia. The herpetofauna of Indochina (herein including Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia, and Thailand) currently (as by 10 August 2023) comprises 882 native and six invasive species of reptiles and is one of the richest in the world. About 40% of the Indochinese reptile species were discovered or recorded within the first two decades of the 21st century. We review the literature and our field data to assess all recent discoveries and taxonomic changes; we compile an annotated checklist of reptilian fauna of Indochina, including updated faunal lists for Vietnam and Thailand. Reptile species checklists for Laos and Cambodia are published for the first time. For each species we provide the following information: scientific name; recommended common name in English; information on type specimens; information on recognized subspecies; type locality; data on its distribution within Indochina and beyond; IUCN conservation status; taxonomic comments and the most important references. We review the distribution of each reptilian species across the 23 biogeographic subregions of Indochina, estimate the similarity among the regional faunas and evaluate their species richness and endemism. In total, we record 882 native reptile species belonging to three orders, 34 families and 163 genera; of them 408 species (46.3%) are endemic to Indochina. Comprising 512 known species, the reptilian fauna of Thailand is the richest (114 country endemics, 22.3%), followed by Vietnam with 496 species (157 endemics, 31.7%), Laos with 250 species (39 endemics, 15.6%), and Cambodia with 191 species (15 endemics, 7.9%). A cluster analysis of faunal similarity between the subregions revealed three major groupings, corresponding to the Sundaland fauna south of the Isthmus of Kra, the subtropical fauna of northeastern Indochina, and the tropical fauna of mainland Indochina. Within the latter grouping four clusters can be distinguished: (1) northern, central and southern Annamites, (2) western Indochinese subregions, (3) central-south Vietnam lowlands including the Bolaven Plateau and Cardamom Mountains, (4) and the depleted faunas of river deltas, coastal areas and offshore islands. We identify the Northern, Central and Southern Annamites, the Northwest Uplands of Vietnam, Laos and Thailand, Southern Tenasserim in Thailand as the major centers of reptilian diversity in Indochina. The highest number of Indochinese endemic reptilian species was recorded in Central-Southern Vietnam Lowlands, Northern Annamites, and Central Annamites. The analysis of reptilian distribution patterns suggests the presence of 20 clusters of species sharing similar distribution patterns across Indochina. Our results further underline the key role of Indochina as an important area for diversity and conservation of reptiles. Among 882 native species of Indochinese reptiles, 356 species (40.4%) are considered as Data Deficient (DD) or were Not Evaluated (NE) according to the IUCN Red List criteria, while 106 species (12.0%) were considered Vulnerable (VU), Endangered (EN) or Critically Endangered (CR), 17 species (1.9%) were considered to be Near Threatened (NT), and 403 species (45.7%) to be of the Least Concern (LC) status. Our work has implications for elaboration of further conservation efforts for Indochinese reptiles on regional and global levels, as well as for a better understanding of the biogeographic patterns of reptilian richness and endemism in Asia.
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Lyozin, Alexander I. "The Yen Bay Rebellion (1930) and internal security policy in French Indochina." Samara Journal of Science 12, no. 4 (July 15, 2024): 155–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.55355/snv2023124205.

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The article contents an analysis of the French experience of anti-colonial struggle in the era of Interbellum in the Indochina region. Special attention is devoted to the degree and speed of the response of the French colonial administration and the metropolis to the events taking place. The article presents the characteristics of French military thought regarding the specifics of conducting combat operations against the rebels using aviation and native units. Attention is focused on the problem of the loyalty of the Vietnamese people, their attitude to French rule. The main fears of the French in connection with the growth of Vietnamese national identity as a threat to the colonial order are revealed. The importance of the events in Yen Bai is emphasized from the point of view of further measures by Paris to ensure internal security in the Indochina region. The changes in the national composition of the French colonial army in Indochina are shown. The uprising affected not only the army, but also the political police of France – «Sûreté». The work shows that the uprising did not receive universal support from the local population. The reaction of a part of French society to the events in Yen Bai is analyzed. Special attention is paid to the personality of Pierre Pasquier, Governor-General of Indochina, who personified the conservative part of the French colonial bureaucracy, whose attitude towards local peoples in the Interbellum era rather complicated relations between the metropolis and dependent territories. On the other hand, attention is drawn to the impact of the events in Yen Bai on changes in both the composition and leadership of the driving political force of the revolutionary struggle in Indochina. It was at this time that the National Party of Vietnam lost its leading position in the vanguard of the anti-colonial struggle to the Communist Party of Indochina.
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Ha, Y., Y. M. Zhu, Y. J. Hu, and Z. Zhong. "IMPACT OF TIBETAN PLATEAU SNOW COVER ON ABRUPT INTERDECADAL PRECIPITATION CHANGE OVER THE INDOCHINA PENINSULA IN THE MID-1990S." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-3/W9 (October 25, 2019): 57–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-3-w9-57-2019.

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Abstract. Abrupt interdecadal changes in summer precipitation (May – September) over the Indochina Peninsula in the past 40 years have been investigated based on the NCEP-NCAR reanalysis product over 1979–2013 and multiple precipitation datasets. The mechanism for the abrupt change is explored. Results indicate that an abrupt interdecadal change in summer precipitation over the Indochina Peninsula occurred in the middle 1990s, and the annual mean summer precipitation during 1994–2002 increased by about 10% compared to that during 1982–1993. The most significant precipitation change occurred in the central and northern peninsula. Further analysis reveals that the interdecadal decrease in snow cover over the Tibetan Plateau in the winter and spring contributed to the summer precipitation increase over the Indochina Peninsula. The decrease in snow cover over the Tibetan Plateau actually increased the thermal contrast between the Tibetan Plateau and the tropical Indian Ocean-northwestern Pacific, leading to intensified summer monsoon over the northwestern Pacific and the South China Sea. As a result, westerly anomalies occurred from the Bay of Bengal to the northwestern Pacific, while anomalous cyclonic circulation prevailed in the upper levels above East Asia. Correspondingly, the western Pacific subtropical high weakened and shifted eastward. Under the joint effects of the above circulation patterns, the atmosphere became wetter in the Indochina Peninsula and summer precipitation increased. Results of the present study provide a theoretical basis for the prediction of long-term summer precipitation change in the Indochina Peninsula.
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Edington, Claire, and Hans Pols. "Building Psychiatric Expertise across Southeast Asia: Study Trips, Site Visits, and Therapeutic Labor in French Indochina and the Dutch East Indies, 1898–1937." Comparative Studies in Society and History 58, no. 3 (July 2016): 636–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s001041751600030x.

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AbstractThis paper examines a series of research trips undertaken by French physicians in Indochina to the Dutch East Indies between 1898 and 1937 to study what they saw to be a successful model of a modern psychiatric service that had been developed there. Dutch experiments with forms of “open door” care and the use of patient labor as therapy, premised on earlier ideas of moral treatment, seemed to hold both therapeutic promise and the key to resolving pressing economic concerns faced by colonial psychiatric institutions. French physicians saw in neighboring Java fundamental ethnological and geographical similarities to Indochina, and Dutch successes in psychiatric assistance there raised the prospect of adapting practices the Dutch had developed to their own program in Indochina throughout the interwar years.
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Tang, Bin, and Wenting Hu. "Significant Increase in Population Exposure to Extreme Precipitation in South China and Indochina in the Future." Sustainability 14, no. 10 (May 10, 2022): 5784. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14105784.

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Extreme precipitation events cause severe economic losses and can seriously impact human health. Therefore, it is essential to project possible future changes in the population’s exposure to precipitation extremes against the background of global warming. On the basis of model outputs from phase 6 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project, our study shows that both the frequency and intensity of extreme precipitation are likely to increase in the South China and Indochina region in the coming century, especially under the business-as-usual Shared Socioeconomic Pathway (SSP) scenario, SSP5-8.5. The largest population exposure can be expected under the SSP2-4.5 scenario, both in South China and Indochina. If early adoption of mitigation measures via the SSP1-2.6 scenario can be achieved, it may be possible to limit the average population exposure in South China to a relatively low level, while Indochina’s may even be smaller than it is currently. In terms of spatial distribution, the maximum population exposure is most likely to be centered in southern South China. This study also reveals that the contribution of the population–climate interaction to population exposure is likely to increase in the future, and different contributions from the factors of climate and population correspond to different emission policies. Under SSP2-4.5, the importance of climate change and the population–climate interaction is more likely to increase.
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YE, ZHEN, MU QIAO, ZEZHONG JIN, and WENJUN BU. "Notes on the genus Perittopus Fieber, 1860 (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Veliidae) with descriptions of three new species from Indochina." Zootaxa 4858, no. 3 (October 1, 2020): 417–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4858.3.7.

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Three species of the genus Perittopus Fieber from Indochina are described as new: P. anthracinus sp. n. from Yunnan of China, P. laosensis sp. n. from Laos and P. trizonus sp. n. from Thailand. Photographs of key female and male characters and male genitalic structures are provided, accompanied by a distribution map for the species of Perittopus occurring in Indochina.
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Inarejos Muñoz, Juan Antonio. "Mecanismos de representación y control social en dos sociedades coloniales: Filipinas y Vietnam en perspectiva comparadaPolitical representation and social control mechanisms in two colonial societies: the Spanish Philippines and French Indochina in comparative perspective." Vínculos de Historia. Revista del Departamento de Historia de la Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, no. 6 (May 31, 2017): 230. http://dx.doi.org/10.18239/vdh.v0i6.277.

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RESUMENEn este artículo se plantea un análisis comparativo de los mecanismos de representación política y control social implantados en dos sociedades coloniales: las Filipinas españolas y la Indochina francesa. Este tema forma parte de una investigación más amplia centrada en la selección de las élites locales filipinas durante la segunda mitad del siglo XIX y los proyectos de reforma de los sistemas de representación local vietnamita bajo dominio colonial francés. Se trazan en clave comparativa las principales similitudes y diferencias con los mecanismos de representación y control social desplegados en ambos escenarios, aspectos claves a la hora de comprender las razones que determinaron el final de ambas experiencias coloniales en el sudeste asiático.PALABRAS CLAVE: Filipinas, Indochina, colonialismo, elecciones locales, podermunicipal.ABSTRACTThis study presents a comparative analysis of the political representation and socialcontrol implemented in two colonial societies: the Spanish Philippines and French Indochina. This topic is part of a broader study focused on the selection of the native elite in the Spanish Philippines in the nineteenth century and on the projects to reform local representation in French Indochina. The main similarities and differences in the representation and social control mechanisms in both scenarios are described as they are key aspects when it comes to understanding the end of these two colonial experiences in South East Asia. This diverse tool kit included the political use of productive resources, individual conduct reports, the development of clientelist networks, the manipulation of religious beliefs, abuse and repression.KEY WORDS: Philippines, Indochina, colonialism, municipal elections, local power.
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Kirk, Johnathan P., and Gordon A. Cromley. "Assimilating Weather Data into a Digital Event Gazetteer of Airborne Parachute Operations during the French Indochina War." Weather, Climate, and Society 10, no. 1 (November 21, 2017): 19–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/wcas-d-17-0016.1.

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Abstract Modern datasets cataloging historical events, known as digital event gazetteers, feature spatiotemporal data regarding events that enable analysis through parameters including location and other descriptive information of those events. Weather and climate data represent two dimensions of spatiotemporal information, which can enhance understanding of historical events. A recently published digital event gazetteer of airborne parachute operations [opérations aéroportées (OAPs)] during and prior to the French Indochina War, spanning from 1945 to 1954, represents an opportunity to associate discrete historical events with weather information. This study outlines a methodology for assimilating weather data into the construct of a digital event gazetteer and then demonstrates example analyses of how the weather and climate conditions in Indochina may relate to OAPs during the war. A synoptic classification, utilizing the self-organizing maps procedure, is performed using daily mean sea level pressure data from 1945 to 2010, from a twentieth-century reanalysis dataset, to characterize weather patterns over the Indochina Peninsula. Since observations are sparse during the years of the conflict, the resulting weather patterns are associated with modern precipitation observations in the area, as a representation of wet and dry patterns during the war. The appropriate daily weather pattern is then assigned to each OAP in order to investigate its relationship with the weather and climate patterns of Indochina, including the influence of monsoon seasons, and how the resulting precipitation patterns affected combat operations across the theater. Additionally, specific OAPs of various missions are analyzed to investigate how weather patterns may have affected operation planning during the French Indochina War.
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34

Poyarkov, Nikolay A., Tan Van Nguyen, Evgeniy S. Popov, Peter Geissler, Parinya Pawangkhanant, Thy Neang, Chatmongkon Suwannapoom, and Nikolai L. Orlov. "Recent Progress in Taxonomic Studies, Biogeographic Analysis, and Revised Checklist of Amphibians in Indochina." Russian Journal of Herpetology 28, no. 3A (June 24, 2021): 1–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.30906/1026-2296-2021-28-3a-1-110.

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The Indochinese Peninsula is recognized as one of the key global biodiversity hotspots. The amphibian fauna of Indochina (including Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia and Thailand) is one of the richest in the world. About 60% of the known species were described within the last 20 years. We review the literature and our data to assess all recent discoveries and taxonomic changes and compile the first annotated checklist of the amphibian fauna of Indochina since the middle of the 20th century, including updated faunal lists for Vietnam and Thailand. Amphibian checklists for Laos and Cambodia are published for the first time. For each species we provide the following information: scientific name; recommended common name in English; information on type specimens; type locality; data on its distribution within Indochina and beyond; IUCN conservation status; taxonomic comment and the most important references. We review the distribution of each species across the 23 biogeographic subregions of Indochina, estimate the similarity among the regional faunas and evaluate their species richness and endemism. In total we record 423 amphibian species belonging to three orders, 11 families and 71 genera; 199 species (47%) are endemic to Indochina. Comprising 270 known species, the amphibian fauna of Vietnam is the richest (98 endemics, 36.3%), followed by Thailand with 194 species (29 endemics, 14.9%), Laos with 121 species (13 endemics, 10.7%), and Cambodia with 72 species (6 endemics, 8.3%). A cluster analysis of faunal similarity between the subregions shows two major assemblages, divided by the Isthmus of Kra. Within the northern mainland portion of Indochina three clusters can be distinguished: (1) northeastern and northwestern uplands of Vietnam and northern Laos; (2) Northern, Central, and Southern Annamites, the Bolaven Plateau, and central-south Vietnam lowlands; (3) western Indochinese subregions. We identify the Northeast and Northwest Uplands of Vietnam, the Northern, Central and Southern Annamites, the Cardamom Mountains, the mountains of Northeast Thailand, Northern Tenasserim and southern Peninsular Thailand as nine major centers of diversity and endemism of Indochinese amphibians. The analysis of amphibian distribution patterns across Indochina suggests the presence of 14 chorotypes grouped in five major range types. Our results underline the role of Indochina as a key area for amphibian diversity and conservation. Among 423 species of Indochinese amphibians, 152 species (35.9%) were considered as data deficient (DD) or were not evaluated (NE) according to the IUCN Red List criteria; while 76 species (18.0%) were considered vulnerable (VU), endangered (EN) or critically endangered (CR), 20 species (4.7%) were considered to be near threatened (NT), and 175 species (41.4%) to be of the least concern (LC). Our study thus has implications for further conservation efforts on regional and global levels, as well as for understanding the biogeographic patterns of amphibian richness and endemism in Asia.
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35

Sính, Vĩnh. "Komatsu Kiyoshi and French Indochina." Moussons, no. 3 (January 1, 2001): 57–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/moussons.7139.

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36

Garver, John W. "Chinese-Indian Rivalry in Indochina." Asian Survey 27, no. 11 (November 1, 1987): 1205–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2644723.

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37

Ridder-Numan, Jeanette, J. M. Lock, and J. Heald. "Legumes of Indochina. A Checklist." Kew Bulletin 50, no. 2 (1995): 434. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4110657.

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Nair, K. K. "ASEAN-INDOCHINA DIPLOMACY, 1975-1982." SEJARAH 1, no. 1 (December 15, 1988): 195–213. http://dx.doi.org/10.22452/sejarah.vol1no1.8.

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Yasri, Sora, and Viroj Wiwanitkit. "“Chheam:” Classical Indochina phlebotomy wisdom." AYU (An international quarterly journal of research in Ayurveda) 39, no. 3 (2018): 195. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/ayu.ayu_11_18.

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40

Wall, I. M. "France in Indochina: Colonial Encounters." English Historical Review 118, no. 478 (September 1, 2003): 1089–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ehr/118.478.1089.

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41

Paul Dana, Leo, and Teresa E. Dana. "Coca‐Cola Indochina Pte Ltd." British Food Journal 101, no. 5/6 (June 1999): 441–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00070709910278406.

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42

Garver, John W. "Chinese-Indian Rivalry in Indochina." Asian Survey 27, no. 11 (November 1987): 1205–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/as.1987.27.11.01p01057.

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Isabelle de Courtivron. "The Other Malraux in Indochina." Biography 12, no. 1 (1989): 29–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/bio.2010.0451.

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Cao, Ky. "Indochina´s Prospects for Stability." Contemporary Southeast Asia 15, no. 4 (March 1994): 385–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1355/cs15-4b.

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Kerr, Douglas. "Orientations: James Fenton and Indochina." Contemporary Literature 35, no. 3 (1994): 476. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1208692.

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Goldstein, Jonathan. "Teaching the American-Indochina War." Teaching History: A Journal of Methods 12, no. 1 (May 4, 1986): 3–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.33043/th.12.1.3-9.

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47

Shilton, S. "France and 'Indochina': Cultural Representations." French Studies 61, no. 4 (October 1, 2007): 536. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/fs/knm165.

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Stuart–Fox, Martin. "Recent French monographs on Indochina." Asian Studies Association of Australia. Review 13, no. 3 (April 1990): 121–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03147539008712652.

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Goh, Mark, and Argus Ang. "Some logistics realities in Indochina." International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management 30, no. 10 (December 2000): 887–911. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09600030010351273.

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St John, Ronald Bruce. "New Economic Order in Indochina." Asian Affairs: An American Review 21, no. 4 (December 1994): 227–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00927678.1995.10771157.

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