Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Indochina'
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Kadura, Johannes Felix Peter. "US policy towards Indochina, 1973-6." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2012. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/265532.
Full textThiem, Ninon Franziska. "Vom Imaginieren eines Raumes : das postkoloniale Indochina als literarisches Konstrukt." Thesis, Paris 10, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA100106/document.
Full textThe issue of this project will be the post-colonial imagining of Indochina in mainly French literature. Starting with the historical and geographical roots, it is shown that the imagining of a territory called Indochina began in the 19th century and still has an impact on the narration of the territory. The creation of a colony with this name began in 1862 and ended with the battle of Dien Bien Phu in 1954. Until today, this aspect of the French past is a taboo.The publication of Marguerite Duras' novel „L'amant“ in 1984 gave a new impetus to this subject. Others followed. The objective of this project is to follow these traces left mainly in texts but also in maps, films, and pictures included in the novels. The digressions between the media leads to a comparison which shows that all media apart from the literature tend to limit their view on Indochina and to cover up the darker parts. The novels develop a critical view on historical science and question its task to maintain history by remaining neutral. It is shown that by telling the story of Indochina without skipping the resulting disastrous impact on the whole society literature has an important task. Creating a story by imagining and by intensifying the narration, literature as a commentary in the sense of Michel Foucault helps to remember why war is still part of every man's and woman's life and why it should stop
Maloux, Thierry. "À l’ombre d’Angkor, l’action des militaires français au Cambodge, 1863-1954." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUL074.
Full textUnder the protecting shadow of the Angkor temples, the French military have left their mark in the history of the French protectorate in Cambodia. We propose to portray this action from three different angles. A political and diplomatic action that embraces the questions related to the Cambodian context, and those related to the regional and international balance of powers. The study seeks to discern what pertains to the personal commitment of the military, and what refers to the political and diplomatic commitments of the French government. A military action that aims to pacify Cambodia, to safeguard the French interests, and to avoid the invasion of the country by the communist forces. The methods and effectiveness of the French military tool in this context are carefully analysed. Finally, the action of the "unarmed soldiers": explorers, archaeologists, ethnologists, writers, etc., who also played a key role in the reconstruction of the Khmer identity, and in reinforcing its presence in the French Indochina. A prosopographic analysis attempts to differentiate, for each of the soldiers involved, the action that can be explained as a personal and sometimes intimate quest, from the action that is part of his mission or that could be considered as the product of the collective work. The nature of the protectorate, created by the French military, and its evolution towards a model inclined to adapt itself to the Khmer invariants and to the French political context, are at the heart of this study. The French military tool in Cambodia is thus revealed through its structuring, functioning and metamorphosis creating an unusual colonial relationship between France and Cambodia
Patadia, Ashley E. "The language of empire and the case of Indochina masculine discourse in the shaping and subverting of colonial gender hierarchies /." [Kent, Ohio] : Kent State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=kent1239673125.
Full textTitle from PDF t.p. (viewed Nov. 16, 2009). Advisor: Rebecca Pulju. Keywords: Gender; Empire; French Indochina; Ho Chi Minh; Masculinity; Colonial Discourse. Includes bibliographical references (p. 129-134).
李鳳屛 and Fung-ping Lee. "China and Indochina: the politics of aid, 1950-78." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1991. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31209828.
Full textPairaudeau, Natasha. "Indians as French citizens in colonial Indochina, 1858-1940." Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 2009. http://eprints.soas.ac.uk/28764/.
Full textTwine, Christopher. "Anglo-American relations and the Vietnam War : 1964-1967." Thesis, Aberystwyth University, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.391246.
Full textLe, Xuan Phan. "L'enseignement du Vietnam pendant la période coloniale, 1862-1945 : la formation des intellectuels vietnamiens." Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSE2108/document.
Full textPurpose of this research is the role of education system in Vietnam during colonial period from 1862 to 1945 on training Vietnamese intellectuals. Indeed, in the vicissitudes of the colonial period of 1862-1945, the Vietnamese society had great changes. Vietnam education had changes which never occurred before. After becoming French’s colony (1862-1864), traditional system’s examinations selecting mandarins in Cochinchina had been abolished. And in the Northern and Central Highlands, after the course of 1906 – 1917 reforms, the traditional education system was abolished in 1919. Initially, education in French aimed at training interpreter. But only a small part of the Vietnamese population sent their children into the school of French. It was not until after the socialist movement in the early twentieth century that scholars (or those organized by scholars) encouraged and directed at Western education, people had changed their attitude towards education in French.With the adoption of the General Education Act of 1917, the French language education system became the formal and sole educational system.In the period of 1862-1945, people saw the gradual disappearance of the Confucian scholar and the emergence of new intellectuals. Most of the intellectuals in this period had studied in French schools in Indochina. Although the number of schools was few, we noted that its quality was good.Schools in the French language in Vietnam from 1862 to 1945, especially schools after primary (secondary) and college, university were important facilities to disseminate knowledge, culture and science. High school (secondary and high school or secondary school, high school) was the study place where most Vietnamese intellectuals were trained before 1945. The Indochina Institute of Medicine and Pharmacy, College of Science had trained the famous researchers. Also, there were famous professors of Vietnam who had been trained by The Indochina College of Pedagogics. Hanoi College of Law had trained intelligentsia. The Indochina Art College was the birthplace of modern generation of artists (painters, sculptors) of Vietnam
Waite, James David Anthony. "The end of the first Indochina war : an international history /." View abstract, 2005. http://wwwlib.umi.com/dissertations/fullcit/3191721.
Full textLe, Long Paul David. "Committed detachment : Britain and the war in Indochina 1968-1972." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.428336.
Full textCooper, Nicola J. "French colonial discourses : the case of French Indochina 1900-1939." Thesis, University of Warwick, 1997. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/35581/.
Full textOsornprasop, Sutayut. "Thailand and the American secret war in Indochina, 1960-1974." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2007. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/283826.
Full textSelby, Ian. "British policy towards Indochina : South Vietnam and Cambodia, 1954-1959." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1998. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/271978.
Full textMaloux, Thierry. "À l’ombre d’Angkor, l’action des militaires français au Cambodge, 1863-1954." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUL074.
Full textUnder the protecting shadow of the Angkor temples, the French military have left their mark in the history of the French protectorate in Cambodia. We propose to portray this action from three different angles. A political and diplomatic action that embraces the questions related to the Cambodian context, and those related to the regional and international balance of powers. The study seeks to discern what pertains to the personal commitment of the military, and what refers to the political and diplomatic commitments of the French government. A military action that aims to pacify Cambodia, to safeguard the French interests, and to avoid the invasion of the country by the communist forces. The methods and effectiveness of the French military tool in this context are carefully analysed. Finally, the action of the "unarmed soldiers": explorers, archaeologists, ethnologists, writers, etc., who also played a key role in the reconstruction of the Khmer identity, and in reinforcing its presence in the French Indochina. A prosopographic analysis attempts to differentiate, for each of the soldiers involved, the action that can be explained as a personal and sometimes intimate quest, from the action that is part of his mission or that could be considered as the product of the collective work. The nature of the protectorate, created by the French military, and its evolution towards a model inclined to adapt itself to the Khmer invariants and to the French political context, are at the heart of this study. The French military tool in Cambodia is thus revealed through its structuring, functioning and metamorphosis creating an unusual colonial relationship between France and Cambodia
Fontes, Hugo. "Guerra de Manobra e Operações de Baixa Intensidade." Master's thesis, Academia Militar. Direção de Ensino, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.26/9873.
Full textAbstract The present investigation discusses the theme “The Maneuver War and Low Intensity Conflict”. The main goal of this investigation is to identify and characterize what were the tactics, techniques and procedures used by the guerrilla forces, and by the Liberation Front of Vietnam, which led to victory against the French Army. It is also intended to characterize the way the Vietcong and Vietnam’s North People Army defeated the conventional forces. Thus, this research will be based on practical examples of the I and II War of Indochina, specifically the Battle of Hanoi, Battle of Dien Phu and the offensive Vietnamese in Hanoi, Tet and Saigon. With this applied research work, it is also possible to conclude as the subversive Vietnamese forces managed to defeat initially the French and then the Americans. In this research, it is intended also to verify that the application of MW could bring advantages in subversive nature conflicts.
Ang, Cheng Guan. "Vietnamese Communists relations with China and the Second Indochina Conflict, 1956-1962." Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 1995. http://eprints.soas.ac.uk/28956/.
Full textBiles, Annabel, and mikewood@deakin edu au. "Envisioning Indochina: the spatial and social ordering and imagining of a French colony." Deakin University, 1997. http://tux.lib.deakin.edu.au./adt-VDU/public/adt-VDU20050815.113440.
Full textWhelan, Kathryn M. "Australia's foreign relations with Indochina : the evolution of an independent Australian foreign policy? /." Title page, table of contents and conclusion only, 1993. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09AR/09arw566.pdf.
Full textShipway, Martin James. "France's 'crise coloniale' and the breakdown of policy making in Indochina, 1944-1947." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.335667.
Full textKalikiti, Webby Silupya. "Plantation labour : rubber planters and the colonial state in French Indochina, 1890-1939." Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.369205.
Full textVerney, Sébastien. "La Révolution nationale matrice d'une construction identitaire dans un contexte colonial : L'essor des identités nationales indochinoises des années trente au régime de Vichy." Thesis, Saint-Etienne, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010STET2145.
Full textBetween 1930 and 1945, Indochina underwent upheavals leading to a profound reorganization of French colonial policy centred on an innovative project of identites. However, the Second World War and the arrival of the Vichy regime contributed to modifying this approach. Managed by admiral Decoux, Indochina was in step with the metropolitan national Revolution. Faithful performer of the metropolitan project of national " régénérescence ", Indochina under Vichy built itself a federal identity under French authority and pursued the construction of a multitude of local national identities. But the context of the war also gave this project a utilitarian purpose, namely preserving the loyalty of the Indochinese populations opposite the Siamese irredentism and to Japanese imperialist claims. Recruiting populations, repressing Indochinese opponents. It also saw the French, praise the elaborate a cultural, racial, and school program. Indochina thereby became the faithful daughter of the metropolitan Pétainist regime. This comparison can also be extended by its complicated and conflicting relation with a Japanese occupant who exercised control and multiform pressures on the peninsula, thus giving rise to a little known collaboration. Nevertheless, the evolution of the conflict, the promotion of exclusive local identities and the French refusals to exceed colonial limits resulted in the emergence of the first fractures that would lead to the implosion of French Indochina
Toan, Duong Duc. "Assessment of river discharge changes in the Indochina Peninsula region under a changing climate." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/195976.
Full textTurkoly-Joczik, Robert Louis. "The military role of Asian ethnic minorities in the second Indochina war 1959-1975." Thesis, Aberystwyth University, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.507925.
Full textNGUYEN, Thien Tao. "Systematic study of the rhacophorid frogs in Vietnam." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/198931.
Full textNies, Volker. ""Apaisement" in Asien Frankreich und der Fernostkonflikt 1937 - 1940." München Oldenbourg, 2009. http://d-nb.info/991781155/04.
Full textDao, Duc-Thuan [Verfasser]. "The Federal Republic of Germany and the first Indochina War (1946-1954) / Duc Thuan Dao." Gießen : Universitätsbibliothek, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1064992757/34.
Full textCromley, Gordon A. "Using Digital and Historical Gazetteers to Geocode French Airborne Operations during the French Indochina War." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1417696951.
Full textWaxman, Victoria. "The construct of orientalism in third republic France opera, politics and personal experience in Indochina." Waltham, Mass. : Brandeis University, 2009. http://dcoll.brandeis.edu/handle/10192/23210.
Full textVerhulst, Monika. "Resocialisation of children in refugee camps : a comparison between the WWII situation and modern Indochina." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 1994. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/26753.
Full textChartprasert, Kiattikhun. "Australia and the Kampuchean problem : Thai perspectives." Thesis, Canberra, ACT : The Australian National University, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/112144.
Full textMantienne, Frédéric. "Les relations politiques et commerciales entre la France et la péninsule indochinoise : XVIIIe siècle /." Paris : Les Indes savantes, 2003. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb390241399.
Full textBollag, Manuel. "British and French servicemen in the Malayan Emergency and the Indochina War, 1945-960 : experience and memory." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2011. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/british-and-french-servicemen-in-the-malayan-emergency-and-the-indochina-war-19451960(5927d127-4d52-46f1-917c-395a77e179d9).html.
Full textNealis, Meghan E. "British and American foreign policies towards Indochina, 1956-1963 : the political culture of the Anglo-American alliance." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.435673.
Full textCHHIN, Rattana. "Future Projection of Drought in the Indochina Region Based on the Optimal Ensemble Subset of CMIP5 Models." Kyoto University, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/242616.
Full textMahé, Yann. "La guerre franco-thaïlandaise, 1940-1941 : déroulement et conséquences mondiales d'un conflit régional oublié." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM1074.
Full textThe Franco-Thai crisis of the winter 1940-1941, resulting from the conflicts that brought into opposition France and Siam because of the control of Laos and Cambodia in the late nineteenth century, was the consequence of a political process initiated in 1932 and supported by the Siamese military nationalists in power. Influenced by the fascism, they dissiminated a propaganda that maintained the nostalgia of the "lost territories". They equally forged throughout the 1930s the armed forces prepared for a revenge war against the colonial powers. Facing the colony’s isolation starting from the armistice of June 1940 and being in charge of the colony’s internal security, the Indochinese army was the first French colonial troop coping with the invasion of the empire’s territory by a regular army. Thailand was also based on the regional independence movements and relative loyalty of the local dynasties to France in order to destabilize the Indochinese Union. At the same time, the turn of the combats weakened the colonizer’s position in the eyes of the citizens. This position was made even more precarious by the Japanese diplomacy which imposed its mediation in order to fulfill its political and military objectives. Through an exhaustive analysis of the French military archives, the Indochinese general government’s archives, the generals’ private correspondence and the press, we will see the adaptability and projection capacities of the Indochinese troops, their difficulty to wage war on the territories, as well as regional and global consequences of this border conflict that is inseparable from the Asia-Pacific war
Guéret, Dominique Pierre. "Les monastères bouddhiques du Cambodge : caractéristiques des sanctuaires antérieurs à 1975." Thesis, Paris 4, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA040221.
Full textAt the end of the nineteenth century, the Buddhist monasteries, also known as watt or pagodas, played an essential part in Cambodian society and the regulation enforced by the French Protectorate did not prevent their continued expansion. But, although more and more numerous, they were badly known and their buildings were ignored. No repertory of sanctuaries with outstanding architecture was made before the destruction of the 1970s, and no inventory has been done since.Three parts make up this study. After the presentation of the general characteristics of these monasteries and their method of creation from 1860 to 1975, is analyzed the architecture of the 563 sanctuaries built during the four reigns of this period and still existing today. Other former buildings of these monasteries have been also studied. Murals are analyzed in another thesis. Detailed maps and a catalogue containing a sheet for each of these sanctuaries, carried out after the visit of 1800 watt, complement this study
Wong, Soo Mun Theresa. "Making the Mekong: Nature, Region, Postcoloniality." The Ohio State University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1275482743.
Full textHoang, Van tuan. "L'enseignement supérieur en Indochine (1902-1945)." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLV048.
Full textTitle : Higher education in Indochina (1902-1945) Keywords: Education, higher education, Indochinese university, university of Hanoi, colleges, Vietnam, Indochina. Abstract : The higher education in Indochina in the French colonial period was highlighted by the creation of the School of Medecine of Hanoi in 1902 and by the creation of an Indochinese university in 1906. It was a temporary mesure as well as a political. Paul Beau created the Indochinese university in response to changing situation in the Far East and to match the requirement of indigenous people. From Albert Sarraut’s reform in 1917 onward, the higher education became an official part of the system of education in Indochina. The Indochinese university was reorganized and several colleges were created and trained people in almost every domains to meet the development of the country: the medicine, the law, the fine arts, the business, the agriculture and the forestry, the public works and the pedagogy. Until 1945, the system of higher education in Indochina was very well organized and offered a rather complete. Hanoi became an educational center in the whole French colonial empire. The Indochinese university, despite its limits about the quantity and the quality of lessons proposed, participated in the development of the Indochinese peninsula’s countries, during the colonial era and after independence the three countries. It was the only university dedicated to the native students in all the French colonial empire. The Indochinese university is considered as one of the most important works of the French colonialism in Indochina
Swanson, Erika M. "The Day Nui Con Voi mylonitic belt in Southwestern China and Its implications for the early Cenozoic extrusion of Indochina." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/114337.
Full textCataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 42-43).
The early Cenozoic India-Asia collision resulted in the extrusion of large crustal fragments southeast from the Eastern Himalayan syntaxis, with large shear zones at their boundaries that could have accommodated displacements of hundreds to perhaps a thousand kilometers. Along the northeastern edge of the Indochina extruded fragment, the belt of mylonitic metamorphic rocks generally referred to as the Ailao Shan/Red River shear zone forms the extrusion boundary. This shear zone actually consists of at least two belts, the Ailao Shan and the Day Nui Con Voi, which are separated by a narrow belt of unmetamorphosed Triassic sedimentary rocks. In the Chinese extension of the Day Nui Con Voi, the presence of sillimanite and garnet indicates the shear zone formed at amphibolite grade, and the mylonitic fabric defined by muscovite and biotite indicate left-lateral shearing. Ar/Ar cooling ages indicate the metamorphic rocks reached the cooling temperature of muscovite and biotite 26.07 ± 0.20 to 32.46 ± 0.25 Ma, ages that match those in the Day Nui Con Voi in north Vietnam. These data come from both the core orthogneiss of the shear zone as well as a narrow carapace of metasedimentary rocks of unknown age. Both rock units form an antiform in southern China that plunges below Triassic sedimentary rocks of South China. These relations show that: 1) the Day Nui Con Voi in China is the direct continuation of the same belt in north Vietnam, 2) the Day Nui Con Voi does not directly connect with the Ailao Shan shear zone, 3) the Day Nui Con Voi shear zone has a structural (?) cover of South China Mesozoic sedimentary rocks, 4) structural relations limit the amount of late stage left-lateral shear on the Indochina boundary, and 5) the structural relations require a more complex history for the shear zone along the NE boundary of the extruded Indochina crustal fragment than proposed by all earlier workers.
by Erika Swanson.
S.B.
Patadia, Ashley Elizabeth. "The Language of Empire and the Case of Indochina: Masculine Discourse in the Shaping and Subverting of Colonial Gender Hierarchies." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1239673125.
Full textGuéret, Danielle. "Le décor peint des monastères bouddhiques du Cambodge, fin du XIXe siècle ‒ troisième quart du XXe siècle." Thesis, Paris 4, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA040222.
Full textTemples, or vihāra, of Buddhist monasteries, or watt, always played an essential role in Cambodian society. Places of gathering, prayer and teaching which house the largest statue of the Buddha of the monastery, many of them of have received a decor of paintings on their walls and ceiling, recounting his previous Lives and his historical Life. This heritage is not present in the National Archives of Phnom Penh and has never been the subject of a thorough study, let alone a census. The oldest paintings are not earlier than the end of the 19th century and the most recent do not exceed the mid-1970s, when the Khmer Rouges close all monasteries and begin to destroy their buildings, mainly the vihāra. More than 3000 monasteries have been identified and 1800 sanctuaries were photographed during this research whose result is presented in three volumes : volume I is a study of the paintings into six chapters concerning mainly the vihāra but also some sālā and kūtī; volume II contains the annexes with approximately 1400 photographs, detailed maps and lists of the concerned watt ; volume III is a catalogue of the 206 watt having preserved ancient murals, or paintings on other supports - wood, canvas, glass or metal –, with roughly 500 photographs
Saravanamuttu, P. "The influence of an idea on foreign policy : the case of domino theory in American foreign policy in Indochina, 1945-56." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.388418.
Full textNiyomsilpa, Sakkarin. "Thailand's security relationship with China : implications and prospects." Thesis, Canberra, ACT : The Australian National University, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/110880.
Full textHerbelin, Caroline. "Architecture et urbanisme en situation coloniale : le cas du Vietnam." Thesis, Paris 4, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA040182.
Full textThis dissertation aims to demonstrate how the history of architecture and town planning in Vietnam became enmeshed in the encounter of two cultures: that of the colonized and that of the colonizer. The goal is to first examine the diversity of cultural exchanges – both their manifestations and meanings – through the built environment, and then provide a critique of the idea equating architecture and colonial power. In order to consider the diversity and the complexity of the phenomenon at work, this dissertation identifies the conditions of production and use of the built environment. This study privileges three approaches. The first considers the actors and the circulation of knowledge so as to explore the construction and the reception of the different discourses and theories that enveloped hybrid architecture. The second approach takes into account the politics of administrating urban space by emphasizing the negotiations and the resistance to the colonial project of construction and enclosure. Finally the third part analyzes the articulations between social and technical issues, which reveal the mechanisms constitutive of this intercultural architecture
Waddell, William McFall III. "In the Year of the Tiger: the War for Cochinchina, 1945-1951." The Ohio State University, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1408940430.
Full textDemay, Aline. "Tourisme et colonisation en Indochine (1898-1939)." Thèse, Paris 1, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/10096.
Full textHow did tourism develop in a rapidly expanding colonial territory? How were tourism and colonization combined? What links were established between these two processes? These are the questions that this thesis addresses by demonstrating the exploitation of tourism by colonial policies. This thesis is divided into seven chapters dealing successively with the transfer of European tourism practices to Indochina, their location, their integration into the politics of territorial development in the 1920s, the spatial consequences of their implementation (construction of roads and hotel accommodation), and the attempts of the State to promote Indochina as a touristic destination for both Indochinese and foreign tourists alike.
Nguyễn, Thụy Phương. "L’école française au Vietnam de 1945 à 1975 : de la mission civilisatrice à la diplomatie culturelle." Thesis, Paris 5, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA05H009/document.
Full textThis historical research traces the evolution of the French schools in Vietnam from 1945 to 1975, drawing from archives and interviews with former students and teachers. In colonial Indochina, under the guise of the "civilizing mission", the French established an educational system designed to produce only subordinates, as they feared that a better education would create individuals likely to threaten the colonial order. Yet, in spite of the resistance of colonial authorities, Vietnamese elites always managed to send their children to the local French schools that were, in principle, open only to Europeans.After World War II, Vietnam embarked on the path of independence, forcing the French to rethink their educational policy in a country that was no longer a colony. After believing for a while that France would remain "the educator of Indochina", the French accepted to play a supporting role in Vietnamese education through the creation of a cultural mission. There was no longer question of limiting access to French schools: rather, those schools opened their doors wide to Vietnamese students to offer them a high-quality education. The French defeat of Ði?n Bien Phu in 1954, which resulted in France’s political withdrawal from Vietnam, accelerated the transformation of the former colonial education system. Passing under the tutelage of Foreign Affairs, the French schools in Vietnam became an instrument of cultural diplomacy. The French hoped that their continuing cultural presence, and particularly their prestigious lycées, would grant them a decisive influence in Vietnamese affairs. In the North, in the pro-Soviet Democratic Republic of Vietnam, the Lycée Albert-Sarraut became the only western school to operate in a communist nation, allowing the French to maintain a special relationship with a country that the West considered as an enemy. This unique experience was terminated in 1965 due to lack of agreement between the French and the North Vietnamese on the nature of the school. In the South, in the nationalist, pro-American Republic of Vietnam, the situation remained favorable to the French. Vietnamese elites rushed the gates of French schools, which promise them a quality education and a better future for their children in a war-torn country. For the French, the attractiveness of their schools and of French culture allowed them to counter the growing influence of the United States, who were then pushing ahead with reform, especially in the Vietnamese educational system. Nevertheless, the South Vietnamese government, for political reasons, decreed in the late 1960s the gradual nationalization of the French school system. After the Reunification of April 1975, all French schools were returned to the Vietnamese state. As told by the "official" history described in the archives, the story of the French educational system in Vietnam ends in failure. In both North and South Vietnam, French efforts in cultural diplomacy in Vietnam came to naught. Not only the Vietnamese elites did not concur with the French political positions, but the prominence of French language and culture actually decreased in Vietnam from the 1950s onwards.However, the hundred or so alumni we have interviewed about this period of their lives have described the French school system as a success
Mary, Julien. "Réparer l’histoire : les combattants de l’Union française prisonniers de la République démocratique du Vietnam de 1945 à nos jours." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017MON30019/document.
Full textDuring the Indochina war (1945-1954), more than 20,000 French combatants, legionnaires and Africans, are listed "prisoners and missing". Prisoners of war (POW) of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam (DRVN) for the majority, they are subjected to a food and health regime that, if it is close to that of the Vietnamese, wreaks havoc in their ranks. But the terrible rhythm of the dead is not the only shock awaiting them in captivity, where they are forced to undergo a political education aimed at opening their eyes to the condition of the military proletariat they form, as well as to that of the Vietnamese people exploited by the French colonialism. Disorientated by these conditions of captivity, the POWs find their social and moral landmarks singularly put to the test. In order to survive, the POWs are forced to "play the game" of their jailers' propaganda, thereby violating their duty as soldiers. In each camp, captive micro-groups aggregate and disintegrate, causing important cleavages, still sensitive today, between them. This triple reading - here considered with nuance - thus forges, for decades to come, the conditions for the possibility of the former POWs of the DRVN becoming victims.But the experience is not as painful for all the POWs: when they come into contact with the Vietnamese, they also become subjects of an extraordinary international experience; some feel that they have even gained "a certain enriching vision" from this experience, at least they express their wish to understand the extraordinary experience they have just had. For officers in particular, this experience take the form of a first "duty to remember". Never again such defeats claim many Indochina veterans who fall into the "Algerian War", modeling "psychological action" suffered in captivity with the prospect of a French-style "counter-insurgency". "Never again!", claim many former POWs with the legitimacy of an empirical anti-communism, condemning, in France, the May 1968 movement, the "Union de la Gauche", or the massacres committed in the name of Marxism elsewhere in the world. For some, the experience of captivity is even sublimated into a form of practical ethics that will help to lead some of them to the highest political level, from where they will participate in initiating the fight that will take off from the 1980s onwards for the recognition and repair of the traumatisms suffered by the DRVN's POWs.In the spirit of the late twentieth century, witnesses mobilize trauma as a resource for mobilization initiated in the name of the memory of their experience. The testimony then becomes, at the same time, a material of historical expertise with the thesis of the former POW R. Bonnafous in 1985, of medico-legal expertise after the adoption in 1989 of the "prisoner of Viet Minh" status, and of judicial expertise during the "Boudarel affair". The fall of the Soviet Union, the collapse of the Third World and the anti-colonialism, and the advent of the "era of the victim", indeed, allow the former POWs of the DRVN, whose collective is institutionalised with the creation of the ANAPI in 1985, to recognize themselves as victims and to work to be recognized as such. This victimized reading of the war captivity in Indochina ultimately offers the key to a relative patrimonialization of their experience on the paradigmatic mode of memory of Nazi crimes and genocides... all against a background of the rehabilitation of the French colonization
Clemis, Martin G. "The Control War: Communist Revolutionary Warfare, Pacification, and the Struggle for South Vietnam, 1968-1975." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2015. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/312320.
Full textPh.D.
This dissertation examines the latter stages of the Second Indochina War through the lens of geography, spatial contestation, and the environment. The natural and the manmade world were not only central but a decisive factor in the struggle to control the population and territory of South Vietnam. The war was shaped and in many ways determined by spatial / environmental factors. Like other revolutionary civil conflicts, the key to winning political power in South Vietnam was to control both the physical world (territory, population, resources) and the ideational world (the political organization of occupied territory). The means to do so was insurgency and pacification - two approaches that pursued the same goals (population and territory control) and used the same methods (a blend of military force, political violence, and socioeconomic policy) despite their countervailing purposes. The war in South Vietnam, like all armed conflicts, possessed a unique spatiality due to its irregular nature. Although it has often been called a "war without fronts," the reality is that the conflict in South Vietnam was a war with innumerable fronts, as insurgents and counterinsurgents feverishly wrestled to win political power and control of the civilian environment throughout forty-four provinces, 250 districts, and more than 11,000 hamlets. The conflict in South Vietnam was not one geographical war, but many; it was a highly complex politico-military struggle that fragmented space and atomized the battlefield along a million divergent points of conflict. This paper explores the unique spatiality of the Second Indochina War and examines the ways that both sides of the conflict conceptualized and utilized geography and the environment to serve strategic, tactical, and political purposes.
Temple University--Theses
Drémeaux, François. "Présences françaises à Hong Kong dans l’entre-deux-guerres : rôles, interactions et représentations." Thesis, Angers, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ANGE0034/document.
Full textStrictly speaking, the History of French people abroad does not exist. The meaning of this term in itself is quite vague and there are lots of variations, depending on the scholars who may have flown over this subject; seldom are they historians. Another significant aspect is that the notion of French presence also covers many different realities. It is a polysemous term which, as yet, has never been given a clear and proper definition yet, at least among historians. In order to explore those tracks, using Hong Kong during interwar period as a search field was thought to be relevant.It is an active parenthesis on a territory animated by multiple influences; the British colony is on China’s doorstep, a neighbour of Indochina, and it has known quite a number of developments and upheavals between 1918and 1941.The purpose of this work is to gather different forms of the French presence, often studied separately and individuallyin other geographical and historic contexts, in order to offer a complete picture of what this concept really means. This is an opportunity to debate on the contemporary notions of fFrench people abroad and Third Culture. Because of the geographical and political specificities of Hong Kong during the interwar period, in what way can we consider that the British colony is playing a particular role for France in the area ? And, on this basis, how can it be considered a privileged observatory of the life of French people abroad at that time? Those questions are obviously hiding many others because French presences suppose the existence of a lively and heterogeneous community, but also a material and sometimes abstract implantation