Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Indo pakistan'
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Tikoo, Ratna. "Indo-Pak relations : politics of divergence and convergence /." New Delhi : National publishing house, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb35748293d.
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Fröhlich, Christine. "Histoire et monnayage des Indo-Scythes et des Indo-Parthes (1er siècle avant notre ère - 1er siecle de notre ère). Catalogue raisonné des monnaies du Cabinet des Médailles." Paris, EPHE, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001EPHE4043.
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Les dynasties indo-scythe et indo-parthe régnèrent en Inde du Nord-Ouest, dans tout le Gandhara pour les Indo-Scythes, et depuis Hérat, en Afghanistan, jusqu'à Mathura, en Inde, pour les Indo-Parthes. Les premiers souverains indo-scythes arrivèrent au Gandhara au début du Ier siècle avant notre ère, et leur dynastie est remplacée par celle des Indo-Parthes aux alentours de notre ère. Ces deux peuples nomades se situent donc entre les derniers Indo-Grecs et en même temps que les premiers Kushans. La thèse proposée aborde toutes les questions posées par les spécialistes, qui sont surtout chronologiques. La reconstruction de l'histoire de ces deux dynasties repose principalement sur les monnaies. C'est pourquoi deux des quatre volumes de la thèse ont été consacrés à la recension des données numismatiques, avec un catalogue de la collection inédite du Cabinet des Médailles de Paris, un recensement des trésors publiés et inédits, et un volume de corpus qui rassemble 10 000 monnaies environ. Le premier volume est dévolu à une étude bibliographique importante, des origines à nos jours, à l'analyse des données textuelles (très rares), archéologiques (peu nombreuses), épigraphiques (difficiles d'interprétation) et iconographiques (essentielles pour la distinction de rois homonymes comme Azès et Abdagasès). Il s'achève par une mise en perspective historique qui permet d'établir la succession des souverains indo-scythes et leur répartition géographique, avec la distinction de trois ateliers monétaires. La question de l'existence d'un ou deux Azès ne peut encore être tranchée. L'ordre de succession des souverains indo-parthes est bien déterminé, région par région. L'originalité du système politique indo-parthe a été mise en valeur: il s'agit d'un pouvoir extrêmement fragmenté, avec un roi plus puissant comme l'étaient Gondopharès et Sasès, et des souverains subordonnés, comme Abdagasès. Le rôle fondamental des satrapes et des dynasties locales a également été dégagé.
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Didier, Aurore. "Archéologie des confins indo-iraniens : étude de la production céramique du Kech-Makran (Pakistan) dans la première moitié du IIIe millénaire av. J.-C." Paris 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA010676.
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L'étude de la production céramique du Kech-Makran (sud-ouest du Pakistan) dans la première moitié du 3e millénaire av. J. -C. Est intégrée dans une perspective de recherche globale sur les peuplements anciens du sud des confins indo-iraniens. Reposant sur un matériel inédit et entièrement nouveau, les ensembles céramiques traités sont centrés sur les périodes IIIb et IIIc de la chronologie du Makran protohistorique, datées entre 2800-2500 av. J. -C. Produits localement, ces assemblages originaux présentent certaines similitudes morpho-stylistiques ou techniques avec du matériel issu des régions voisines du Balochistan, du sud-est iranien, du sud de l'Afghanistan et de la Péninsule d'Oman. Trois approches ont été développées dans le cadre de ce travail: une répartition spatiale et chronologique des assemblages inhérents à chaque période, une analyse détaillée des formes et des décors de poterie et une observation partielle des systèmes techniques
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Mutin, Benjamin. "Contribution à l'étude du peuplement des confins indo-iraniens au chalcolithique : caractérisation de la production céramique des périodes II et IIa du Makran pakistanais (4e millénaire avant J.-C.)." Paris 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA010670.
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Le programme de recherche archéologique mis en place par R. Besenval, il y a vingt ans au Makran pakistanais (Sud-Ouest du Pakistan), a comblé un manque de données important relatif au peuplement ancien de cette région localisée à mi-chemin des cultures du Plateau iranien et du Pakistan oriental. La fouille des sites de la vallée de la Kech et les prospections conduites dans la région ont permis de restituer la chronologie de son occupation humaine dont les premières traces datent du 5e millénaire avant J. -C. Tout en révélant une riche nature matérielle et une forte occupation aux époques suivantes. Nous nous sommes intéressés ici à l’émergence et au développement de la production céramique datée du 4e millénaire avant J. -C. . L’approche considérée est « globale » ; elle aborde des questions liées à la nature des productions du Makran, leur évolution, leurs utilisations, leur distribution régionale et leurs rapports avec celles des autres régions des confins indo-iraniens
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Adekoye, Raquel Abimbola. "Indo-Pakistani conflict and development of South Asia: is an independent Kashmir State a possible consideration?" Thesis, University of Zululand, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10530/1694.
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A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Arts in fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor Of Philosophy (Development Studies) in the Department of Anthropology and Development Studies at the University of Zululand, 2018The thesis explores the conflict between India and Pakistan over Kashmir as a dispute symbol. It highlights the socio-economic implications of the conflict on the conflicting states of India and Pakistan. The conflicting symbol, Kashmir, as well as the entire South Asia that house all of them, with a view to suggest a lasting solution which it gives as, the creation of an independent Kashmir State. It is argued here that domestic politics in both India and Pakistan complicates the Kashmiri issue. In Pakistan, it has enabled the military to assume a dominant and pre-eminent position in politics. In India, a penchant for coalition government creates an immobility that is felt on the Kashmir crisis. In general, there is an on-going, serious and intense arms race between India and Pakistan that has increasingly led to a diversion of resources to investment in nuclear technology by both countries. Holding on to Kashmir has made India vulnerable to terrorist attacks, with the consequences of not only diverting developmental resources to enhancing security, but also exacerbating conflict with Pakistan. Economic relations between the main antagonists have remained marginal since the partition. Initiatives such as cooperation in water resource management between the two countries, and proposed joint development of oil and gas pipelines have failed to materialize. This led to the conclusion that both countries have allowed their economic relations with potential for huge benefits to be held hostage to the Kashmir crisis. In terms of the level of economic development, India holds big advantage. This advantage is harnessed into a superior conventional military capability which has also enabled India to rule out first strike as its nuclear doctrine. However, the disadvantageous position of Pakistan makes it view nuclear weapons as the equalizer, and the possibility of a first use is not ruled out. As a possible negotiated solution to the Kashmir conflict, it is argued here that as long as both India and Pakistan cling to their historically-entrenched positions, there is hardly any chance for permanent peace in Kashmir, thereby complicating their strategic stance in the region. It also argues that the Independence of Kashmir is the only guarantee of a lasting solution to the Kashmir conflict and South East Asia development crisis. The theories of Neo-Realism and Neo-Liberalism are central in this thesis to explain outcomes towards peace initiatives between India and Pakistan, and the implications for South Asia. Three specific concepts advanced by neo-realists and neo-liberal theorists are chosen to explore and explain the three principles of this study: The Balance of Power, Security and Economic Co-operation. Kashmir’s embroidery of encounters from forces of brutality, state repression particularly on the Indian occupied territories, massive militarization, stunted infrastructural and socio-economic development, insecurity to gross human rights violations leaves impacts so grave for social structures needed for modernity and sense of decent livelihood. Methodologically, the thesis provides a conceptual definition of the right to self-determination particularly from the United Nations perspective. It then applies the United Nations declared right of self-determination to Kashmir. This is achieved by outlining United Nations action on Kashmiri self-determination and then by applying the components of the right to Kashmir. The thesis concludes with some observations regarding resolving the Kashmir crisis. The central of this is the inevitable position that the realization of the right to self-determination will bring to fore in realizing peace and development for the region as a whole and to the parties involved in the crisis.
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Atre, Sagar. "U.S. Media Framing of the Indo-Pakistan War of 1999: Religious Framing in anInternational Conflict?" Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1366198802.
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Debaine, Françoise. "Paléoenvironnements et occupation humaine ancienne : l'apport de la télédétection satellitaire appliquée aux confins indo-pakistanais." Paris 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA010549.
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Souvent marquées dans leurs composantes physiques par les héritages morphoclimatiques du quaternaire-paléovallées, plaines d'épandage-, les marges septentrionales du désert de thar au nord-ouest du sous-continent indo-pakistanais ont garde dans leurs paysages de nombreux vestiges laissés par les phases successives d'occupation humaine : anciens villages ou habitations isolées, anciens canaux d'irrigation. Ce sont eux qui font l'objet de cette étude. Il s'agit donc de géographie historique. La question posée est celle de la nature des relations que les populations ont entretenues avec le milieu dans lequel elles se sont installées, au différentes époques identifiées par les archéologues. L'outil qui a été retenu pour mener à bien cette analyse est l'image de satellite. Le traitement numérique des images permet de mettre en évidence, de décrire et d'interpréter les indicateurs de la dynamique du milieu physique, puis d'étudier la localisation des sites archéologiques -considérée comme un bon indicateur des interactions passées entre homme et milieu - leur distribution, au sein des unités spectrales ou morphologiques reconnues comme significatives, ou par rapport à elles. Une démarche particulière d'utilisation des images, dictée par la spécificité de cette recherche, a été développée, visant à discerner au sein d'un état actuel de l'espace, les formes héritées d'états antérieurs. Les méthodes mises au point font appel aux principes de l'analyse typologique et à ceux de l'analyse d'image (morphologie mathématique). L'étude a conduit à la réfutation d'hypothèses antérieurement émises et apporte des éléments de réponses nouveaux à la question des conditions d'implantation des sociétés protohistoriques (civilisation de l’Indus), historiques anciennes et médiévales), en Haryana (plaine de la Chautang) et au Cholistan (plaine de l'Hakra)The northern margins of the thar desert in the northwestern part of the Indian subcontinent which are often marked by quaternary relict landforms have kept in their landscape numerous remains of ancient human occupation in the forms of ancient villages or lonely settlements or ancient irrigation canals. This is the study of thes remains. So this is a historical geographical study. The question is that of the kind of relationships of human societies and their surroundings at each age that has been identified by the archeologists. Remote sensing is the tool that was used to undertake and complete this research. Thanks to digital image processing, it is possible to enhance, and to describe and to interprate the evidences of changes in the environment and to study the archaeological sites location-which is good evidence of the interaction of man and environement in the past- and their distribution in spectral or morphological significant unities. An original step has been developped responding to the specificity of this research in the aim to discern relict landforms from a current state of the space. The methods that have been developped are based on automatic classification and image analysis (mathematical morphology, etc. ). Thanks to this study, former hypothesis are refutated and new evidences are given to the question of the conditions in wich the protohistorical (indus civilisation) and ancient historical and medieval societies settled in haryana (chautang plain) and in cholistan desert (hakra plain)
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Zaheer, Aamir. "Les particularités phonétiques et phonologiques des langues du Pakistan et leur incidence sur l'apprentissage du français par les apprenants pakistanais." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019UBFCC002/document.
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Le Pakistan chevauche la frontière linguistique entre deux familles linguistiques ; l’indo-aryen et l’iranien, qui ensemble constituent l'indo-iranien, une branche majeure de la famille indo-européenne. Ainsi, le panorama général de la situation linguistique se caractérise par la diversité linguistique due à différents facteurs sociaux et historiques. Comme beaucoup d’autres pays du monde, le Pakistan est aussi un pays multilingue où plusieurs langues sont présentes avec des statuts plus ou moins différents. A part ce multilinguisme, une grande partie de la population rurale du Pakistan est également monolingue. Sous les effets du colonialisme, les langues natives du Pakistan ne sont pas reconnues par le gouvernement. À cause de la politique linguistique de l’état, ces langues les moins répandues sont considérées comme des langues peu importantes. Ainsi, ces langues régionales restent ignorées même par des linguistes et des chercheurs. Du point de vue de la linguistique, chaque langue possède des particularités et une richesse linguistique malgré son statut officiel dans un pays. Nous avons choisi de présenter cinq langues majeures du Pakistan. Cette diversité linguistique nous a offert ce terrain fertile à l’étude de ces langues au niveau de la phonétique et de la phonologie. Le résultat de ce travail nous a conduits à une étude comparative des systèmes phonético-phonologiques des langues pakistanaises et ceux de la langue française. Cela nous a permis de conclure au fait que les voyelles antérieures arrondies et les semi-voyelles françaises n’existant pas dans les langues pakistanaises sont absentes dans la prononciation des apprenants de FLE. Ces absences sont les causes majeures des erreurs de la prononciation faites par la majorité des apprenants pakistanais de FLEPakistan straddles the linguistic border between two linguistic families; Indo-Aryan and Iranian, which together constitute Indo-Iranian, a major branch of the Indo-European family. Thus, the general panorama of the linguistic situation is characterized by linguistic diversity due to different social and historical factors. Like many other countries in the world, Pakistan is also a multilingual country where several languages are present with more or less different status. Apart from this multilingualism, a large part of the rural population of Pakistan is also monolingual. Under the effects of colonialism, the native languages of Pakistan are not recognized by the government. Because of the state’s language policy, these less widely spoken languages are considered as minor languages. Thus, these regional languages are ignored even by linguists and researchers. From the point of view of linguistics, each language has peculiarities and linguistic richness despite its official status in a country. We chose to present five major languages of Pakistan. This linguistic diversity has offered us fertile ground for the study of these languages at the level of phonetics and phonology. The result of this work led us to a comparative study of the phonetic-phonological systems of the Pakistani languages and those of the French language. This allowed us to conclude that the rounded anterior vowels and French semi-vowels that do not exist in Pakistani languages are absent in the pronunciation of FLE learners. These absences are the major causes of the pronunciation errors made by the majority of Pakistani FLE learners
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Dawson, P. "The United Nations Military Observer Group in India and Pakistan (UNMOGIP) 1948-1965 : With a postscript on the impact on UNMOGIP of the Indo-Pakistan war of 1971." Thesis, Keele University, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.379633.
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Irtan, Carole. "Le conflit indo-pakistanais sur le Cachemire : analyse des décisions et perceptions des autorités politiques et militaires à l'aune des modèles de Graham Allison." Thesis, Lyon 3, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LYO30029.
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La province du Jammu et Cachemire, partagée entre l’Union Indienne et le Pakistan en 1947, est l’une des pommes de discorde qui a engendré une relation très conflictuelle entre les deux voisins, et qui a fait l’objet de crises diplomatiques et militaires récurrentes entre les deux pays, entrecoupées de rounds de négociation n’ayant pas abouti au règlement du conflit.Ce conflit au Cachemire va être passé au crible de deux théories des relations internationales, la théorie de la prise de décision modélisée par Graham Allison et la théorie de la perception développée par Robert Jervis. L’analyse de ce conflit va mettre en évidence la rationalité dans le processus de prise de décision au sein des deux pays, mais cette rationalité est néanmoins soumise à des perceptions de chaque côté de la frontière qui renvoient à la culture, aux mentalités, aux religions de chacun des deux pays. Ces perceptions peuvent amener un analyste occidental à croire à une certaine irrationalité de la part des deux pays. Il n’en est rien, car si l’on se place d’un point de vue indien ou pakistanais, leur mentalité, leur réflexion, leur culture respectives les amènent à une cohérence d’ensemble de chacune de leur politique.Cette analyse du conflit du Cachemire sous un angle particulier présente des limites, au premier rang desquelles la recherche bibliographique, qui mériterait d’être enrichie par des références hindies ou ourdoues. Néanmoins, la littérature en langue anglaise d’auteurs originaires du sous-continent indien autorise à utiliser la théorie de la perception avec une certaine précision et permet ainsi d’affiner l’analyse au plus près de la réalitéMy thesis is pertaining to the political and military relations between India and Pakistan, especially towards the Kashmir province. I decided to focus on Kashmir province because relations of the countries are strifen by a lot of fracture lines in fields like economics, water, defence and so on… The core issue of my thesis is to compare the way of behaving of the two countries towards the Kashmir province and to draw conclusions about this complicated relationship. Moreover, I choose to work on the late 20 years in order to narrow the study, because since 1947 and the partition of British India, 3 disputes have opposed both of them. For the late 20 years, a crisis in 1999 and several rounds of negotiations are the main part of my subject. The issue of my work is related to two political theories, namely the decision making process developed by Graham Allison, and the theory of perception and misperception emphasized in Robert Jervis book. From these two theories, we can deduce that the decision making process in both countries are rational. This rationality can be submitted to criticism. Nevertheless, both countries have taken several decisions towards Kashmir province in accordance with their respective politics. What will be the future for this province? It can be guessed that one day progress will be made towards peace in this part of the world. Keywords: Kashmir; India; Pakistan; Decision Making Process; Perception; Misperception
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Liljegren, Henrik. "Towards a grammatical description of Palula : An Indo-Aryan language of the Hindu Kush." Doctoral thesis, kostenfrei, 2008. http://www.diva-portal.org/su/abstract.xsql?dbid=7511.
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Sanauddin, Noor. "Proverbs and patriarchy : analysis of linguistic sexism and gender relations among the Pashtuns of Pakistan." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2015. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/6243/.
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This study analyses the ways in which gender relations are expressed and articulated through the use of folk proverbs amongst Pashto-speaking people of Pakistan. Previous work on Pashto proverbs have romanticised proverbs as a cultural asset and a source of Pashtun pride and ethnic identity, and most studies have aimed to promote or preserve folk proverbs. However, there is little recognition in previous literature of the sexist and gendered role of proverbs in Pashtun society. This study argues that Pashto proverbs encode and promote a patriarchal view and sexist ideology, demonstrating this with the help of proverbs as text as well as proverbs performance in context by Pashto speakers. The analysis is based on more than 500 proverbs relating to gender, collected from both published sources and through ethnographic fieldwork in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. Qualitative data was collected through 40 interviews conducted with Pashto-speaking men and women of various ages and class/educational backgrounds, along with informal discussions with local people and the personal observations of the researcher. The study is informed by a combination of theoretical approaches including folkloristics, feminist sociology and sociolinguistics. While establishing that patriarchal structures and values are transmitted through proverbs, the study also reveals that proverbs’ meanings and messages are context-bound and women may, therefore, use proverbs in order to discuss, contest and (sometimes) undermine gender ideologies. More specifically, it is argued that: (1) Proverbs as ‘wisdom texts’ represent the viewpoint of those having the authority to define proper and improper behaviour, and as such, rather than objective reality represent a partial and partisan reality which, in the context of the present research, is sexist and misogynist. (2) While proverbs as ‘texts’ seem to present a more fixed view of reality, proverbs as ‘performance in context’ suggest that different speakers may use proverbs for different strategic purposes, such as to establish and negotiate ethnic and gendered identities and power which varies on the basis of gender, age, ethnicity, and class of the interlocutors. The thesis concludes that, rather than considering folk proverbs as ‘factual’ and ‘valuable’ sources of cultural expression, scholars should pay more attention to their ‘performatory’, ‘derogatory’ and ‘declaratory’ aspects as these often relegate women (and ‘other’, weaker groups) to a lesser position in society.
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Cavanna, Thomas. "La politique étrangère américaine vis-à-vis de l’Inde et du Pakistan dans les années 1970." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012IEPP0035.
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Cette thèse a pour objectif de décrire les principales composantes de la politique étrangère des Etats-Unis vis-à-vis de l’Inde et du Pakistan durant les années 1970. Elle se divise en quatre grandes parties correspondant aux grands tournants de la diplomatie régionale américaine durant la décennie : Le conflit indo-pakistanais de 1971 / L’essai nucléaire indien de 1974 / Les changements de régime et/ou de leader dans les trois pays durant l’année 1977 / L’invasion soviétique de l’Afghanistan, en 1979. Pour chacun de ces grandes parties, l’objectif est d’analyser quels furent les déterminants des choix effectues par les Américains dans le sous-continent et d’explorer l’influence mutuelle de Washington, New Delhi et Islamabad. Ce travail a pour ambition de montrer la manière dont les Etats-Unis, par le caractère extrêmement erratique de leur politique (degré d’implication, choix des acteurs à soutenir, modalités d’influence), et du fait qu’ils ignorèrent ou méprisèrent les réalités d’une région à laquelle ils ne s’intéressèrent le plus souvent que dans la mesure où celle-ci était l’objet d’enjeux de guerre froide la dépassant (lutte d’influence contre l’URSS, rapprochement avec la Chine…), contribuèrent à saper leur crédibilité auprès de l’Inde comme du Pakistan, et, surtout, à déstabiliser la région sur le long terme (nucléaire, montée de l’islamisme, renforcement du sentiment d’impunité pakistanais…)The objective of this dissertation is to describe the main components of the American foreign policy towards India and Pakistan in the 1970s. This work is divided in four parts corresponding to the turning points of Washington’s regional diplomacy : The 1971 Indo-Pakistani conflict / The 1974 Indian nuclear test / The 1977 regime or leadership changes in the three countries / The 1979 Soviet invasion of Afghanistan. For each of these components, the objective is to analyze the main determinants of the choices made by the Americans in the region, and to explore the mutual influence of Washington, New Delhi and Islamabad. The ambition of this work is to show the way the United States lost their credibility in both India and Pakistan and contributed to the destabilization of the Indian subcontinent, because of an extremely erratic policy (degree of implication in the area, choice of the local partners, means of influence) and because they often ignored or dismissed the very geopolitical realities of a region in which they had some interest only as far as the latter was a scene of the cold war global struggle for influence (rivalry with Moscow, rapprochement with China…). These flaws had important consequences in the long run, especially with respect to nuclear issues, the rise of Islamism, and the persistence of a feeling of impunity in the Pakistani ruling circles
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Marcellini, Chiara. "Rilievo fotogrammetrico e ricostruzione tridimensionale del sito di Banbhore sul delta dell'Indo nel Sindh Pakistano." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020.
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L'obiettivo di questo lavoro di tesi è stato quello di realizzare un modello tridimensionale del sito archeologico di Banbhore, situato alla foce del fiume Indo, nella regione del Sindh Pakistano. Il lavoro è stato svolto in due fasi principali. La prima fase è stata quella di lavoro sul campo, in cui sono stati acquisiti i dati, tramite rilievi aerofotogrammetrici, utilizzando UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle): il drone DJI Phantom 3 Professional. In alcuni punti sul terreno sono stati posizionati i target e nel loro punto centrale, identificato da un codice, sono state misurate le coordinate spaziali, i GCP (Ground Control Point), tramite ricevitori GPS; queste coordinate, in un secondo momento, sono state corrette con i dati registrati dalla stazione fissa. La seconda fase di lavoro equivale alla realizzazione di un modello tridimensionale del sito, utilizzando i dati GPS e i rilievi fotogrammetrici effettuati durante la campagna di rilevamento. La georeferenziazione del progetto avviene grazie all'utilizzo dei GCP, dati che equivalgono a longitudine, latitudine ed elevazione di un punto di coordinate note. Per questa elaborazione è stato utilizzato il software Pix4Dmapper, un software di fotogrammetria automatica per modelli 3D e nuvole di punti. La restituzione del modello 3D avviene grazie ad una serie di algoritmi di SFM (Structure From Motion), i quali si occupano di elaborare e creare una nuvola di punti, al fine di creare un modello tridimensionale dell'intera area di interesse.
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Lange, Noa. "Distance and visibility in Gawri demonstratives." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för lingvistik, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-144875.
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This is a study of demonstratives in Gawri [ISO 639-3: gwc] (Hindukush Indo-Aryan, HKIA), based on field data collected in Islamabad, Pakistan during the winter of 2016–2017. Previous studies of HKIA languages report systems of third-person pronouns with a three-way demonstrative contrast – two terms distinguishing between proximal and distal referents, and one used with accessible referents out of sight. Gawri, by contrast, exhibits a five-term system of demonstrative determiners, which is separate from its personal pronouns. This study investigates the deictic meaning, pragmatic use, and syntactic function of each demonstrative in Gawri as well as a comparative sample of four Indo-Aryan languages. The purpose is to assess differences in reference to accessible and inaccessible entities, and whether Gawri’s invisible term is viable in an exophoric (situational) context. A modified version of Wilkins’ (1999) demonstrative questionnaire was used to elicit data from seven speakers. Results indicate that Gawri’s invisible demonstrative is functionally exophoric on at least two discrete distances from the deictic center, while it is restricted to accessible referents in other HKIA languages. A reanalysis of Gawri’s demonstrative system is proposed, which reduces its number of terms to two within each of the parameters of distance and visibility.Detta är en undersökning av demonstrativor i gawri [ISO 639-3: gwc] (Hindukush-indoariskt, HKIA) baserad på fältdata samlade i Islamabad, Pakistan under vintern 2016–2017. Tidigare studier i HKIA rapporterar tredjepersonpronomen med en tredelad demonstrativkontrast, varav två termer särskiljer proximala från distala referenter och en används med tillgängliga referenter utom synhåll. Gawri har i motsats ett femdelat system av demonstrativdeterminerare som är separata från dess personliga pronomen. Denna studie undersöker samtliga demonstrativors deiktiska betydelse, pragmatiska användning och syntaktiska funktion i gawri samt i ett jämförelsesampel med fyra indoariska språk. Syftet är att upptäcka eventuella skillnader i referens till tillgängliga och otillgängliga entiteter, samt huruvida den osynliga demonstrativan är tillämpbar i en exoforisk (situationell) kontext. En modifierad version av Wilkins (1999) demonstrative questionnaire användes för att elicitera data från sju talare. Resultatet visar att gawris osynliga demonstrativa är funktionellt exoforisk vid åtminstone två diskreta avstånd från den deiktiska mittpunkten, medan den är begränsad till tillgängliga referenter i andra HKIA-språk. En omanalys av gawris demonstrativsystem föreslås, vilken reducerar dess termer till två inom var och en av parametrarna avstånd och synlighet.
Language contact and relatedness in the Hindukush Region, Swedish Research Council, Project number: 421-2014-631
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Abul, Kalam Azad. "Le rôle politique de l'Inde comme puissance régionale dans l'Asie du Sud : la réponse du Pakistan et du Bangladesh." Aix-Marseille 3, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998AIX32015.
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La geopolitique des puissances regionales en tant que phenomene politique du tiers- monde a longtemps ete un champ d'etudes delaisse. Preoccupes par des theories et des modeles des relations internationales centres autour du monde occidental, la plupart des analystes occidentaux ont accorde peu d'importance a ces puissances peripheriques jusqu'au moment ou elles ont acquis une capacite formidable pour destabiliser leur region respective. L'interet des analystes occidentaux a l'egard des puissances regionales s'est porte sur un facteur en particulier, a savoir l'hegemonie dans leur roles regionaux. Cette hegemonie qui s'est manifestee dans leur role politique ou economique vis-a-vis de la region a ete un facteur de conflit entre la puissance regionale et les pays peripheriques de la region. Il s'agit de mentionner qu'il y a eu la confusion autour du concept de puissances regionales en raison de la difficulte a esquisser les paradigmes theoriques precis de celle-ci. A cette fin, nous posons tres clairement les questions auxquelles nous nous proposons de repondre, formulons nos hypotheses, et consacrons une partie indispensable de la these a ordonner et exploiter les materiaux theoriques, directs ou indirects, que nous avons pu recueillir dans la litterature internationale sur la notion de puissance regionale. L'idee centrale qui va guider notre travail est : les puissances regionales sont hegemoniques de nature et leur hegemonie rencontre, d'une facon ou d'une autre, une resistance de la peripherie regionale. Le plus gros de ce travail est consacre a une analyse empirique de la politique regionale de l'inde comme puissance regionale dans l'asie du sud. Cela est une illustration de la demarche theorique de la partie theorique. Notre analyse a demontre que l'ambition hegemonique de l'inde a ete restreinte non seulement par la limitation de ses ressources, a la fois politique et economique, mais egalement par la resistance de ses pays voisins a celle-ci (le pakistan et le bangladesh, les deux pays majeurs dans la peripherie de l'inde). La resistance au role hegemonique d'une puissance regionale a lieu lorsque cette hegemonie affecte directement les interets vitaux des pays peripherique. Cette situation permet d'expliquer les scenarios conflictuels dans certaines regions du tiers-monde et notamment celle qui fut l'objet de cette recherche, l'asie du sudSince long the 'geopolitics of regional powers' as a third world political phenomenon remained a neglected field of study. The majority of the western analysts, remaining preoccupied with the theories and models of international relations centered around the western world, paid little attention to these peripheral powers until they acquired a formidable capacity for destabilising their respective region. The interest of the western analysts with respect to these regional powers had been generated by a particular factor i. E. The hegemony in their regional role. The hegemony that manifested itself in the political or economic role of a regional power vis-a-vis its region soon became a factor of conflict between itself and the peripheral countries of the region. It needs to be mentioned that a confusion seemed to exist around the concept of regional power due to the difficulty in sorting out its exact theoretical paradigms. Towards this end, we have clearly addressed ourselves to certain questions, and have formulated certain hypothesis by exploiting and ordaining the theretical materials that we have been able to collect from the litterature of international relations on the subject. The central ideal that has guided our work is : the regional powers are by nature hegemonic and their hegemony meets with resistance, in one way or the other, from the peripheral countires of the region. The bulk of the work consists of an empirical study of the political role of india as a regional power in south asia. This is an illustration of the theoretical argument put forward in the first part of the thesis. Our study has shown that india's hegemonic ambition in the region has been limited not only by its political or economic constraints, but equally by the resistance to its role from the peripheral countries ( pakistan and bangladesh, the two major countries in the periphery of india). This phenomenon explains some of the conflictual scenarios in few third world regions, and notably in south asia, the focus of our study
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Knaute, David. "Des côtes du Gujarat aux pays de la diaspora : dynamiques identitaires, démographiques et migratoires des communautés parsies d’Inde et du Pakistan." Paris, EHESS, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014EHES0624.
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En Inde et au Pakistan, les Parsis – minorité ethno-religieuse présente sur le sous-continent indien depuis le VIIIème siècle après J. -C. – sont considérés comme autochtones, en dépit de leurs racines perses. Longtemps restés à la marge de la société indienne, ils ont traversé un âge d’or à l’époque coloniale britannique, au cours de laquelle ils ont contribué, en tant qu’élite « occidentalisée », à de multiples avancées d’ordre socio-économiques et politiques. L’indépendance de 1947 a marqué un tournant, en scindant les Parsis en deux communautés distinctes et désormais démunies de tout privilège ou statut particulier. De nombreux Parsis ont de fait choisi la voie de l’émigration, dans un premier temps en Grande-Bretagne puis, au cours des dernières décennies, vers le Nouveau Monde. A travers une analyse mêlant histoire et anthropologie, cette thèse explore les dynamiques identitaires, démographiques et migratoires qui en découlent en Inde et au Pakistan ainsi qu’au sein des pays de la diaspora. L’auteur souhaite montrer que les communautés parsies du sous-continent indien ont atteint un point de rupture, notamment avéré par une crise démographique aigüe. Au sein des pays de la diaspora, la thèse vise à dévoiler une situation marquée par l’ambivalence : la reproduction des traits identitaires parsis - en premier lieu la perpétuation d’un esprit pionnier - y est en effet concomitante à l’apparition de nouvelles tendances, dont le rapprochement entre Parsis et zoroastriens d’Iran ou des risques croissants d’assimilation. La question qui se pose est dès lors dans quelle mesure la constitution d’une diaspora implique une transformation de l’identité parsie, y compris au sein des pays d’origine. En se basant sur l’approche complexe, la thèse s’attache à faire ressortir les interactions liant les communautés parsies les unes aux autres, les tensions autour de la religion et les paradoxes marquant l’évolution de la communauté parsie à l’échelle mondiale, pour démontrer la « mutation » identitaire parsie qui est en jeu. La thèse entend contribuer à l’étude des communautés parsies-zoroastriennes à travers le monde, et prolonger l’œuvre des professeurs Mary Boyce et John Hinnells (SOAS), tout en innovant d’un point de vue méthodologique par la parole donnée aux acteurs. Une enquête ethnologique approfondie menée au Pakistan, ainsi que des sources issues des pays de la diaspora ou concernant le patrimoine culturel (y compris la pratique funéraire des tours du silence), permettent de présenter des éléments inédits sur l’histoire et la pratique contemporaine du zoroastrisme. La thèse participe aussi à la compréhension du phénomène diasporique et à l’émergence d’un nouveau champ d’étude sur l’e-diaspora, à travers l’analyse de l’espace web parsi-zoroastrienIn India and Pakistan, the Parsis - an ethno-religious minority present on the Indian sub-continent since the 8th century A. D. - are considered as indigenous, in spite of their Persian ancestry. They remained at the margins of Indian society for a long time and experienced a golden age during British colonial times, during which they contributed as a "westernized" elite to numerous socio-economic and political developments. In 1947, Indian independance was a turning point and split the Parsis into two distinct communities deprived of any specific privilege or status. As a result many Parsis decided to migrate, first to Great Britain then - in recent decades - to the New World. Through a mix of historical and anthropological analysis, this thesis explores the subsequent identity, demographic and migratory dynamics in India and Pakistan as well as in the diaspora. The author attempts to demonstrate that Parsi communities on the Indian subcontinent have reached a point of no return, revealed among other trends, by a severe demographic crisis. Regarding the diaspora, the thesis aims at unveiling the ambivalent situation that prevails: the reproduction of Parsi identity traits - beginning with the perpetuation of a pioneering spirit - is concomitant here with a=new developments, including the coming together of Parsis and Zoroastrians from Iran, or the increasing risks of assimilation. The question is therefore to what extent the constotution of a diaspora implies a transformation of the Parsi identity, including in the countries of origin. Based on the complex approach, the thesis endeavors to highlight the interactions linking Parsi communities to one another, tensions around religion and paradoxes that characterize the evolution of the Parsi community worldwide, in order to show the "mutation" of the Parsi identity which is at stake. The thesis is an attempt to contribute to the study of Parsi-Zoroastrian communities around the world, and to extend the work of Professors Mary Boyce and john Hinnells (SOAS), while innovating from a methodology perspective by giving voice to the actors. A thorough ethnological survey carried out in Pakistan, as well as sources from the countries of the diaspora or concerning the cultural heritage (including the funerary practice of the towers of silence) allows the presentation of new elements on the history and contemporary practice of Zoroastrianism. The thesis also contributes to the understanding of the diasporic phenomenon and the emergence of a new field of study on the e-diaspora, through the analysis of the Parsi-Zoroastrian web
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Sood, Krishnalekha. "Evolution of international trade in South Asia : India, Pakistan and Bangladesh /." Genève : l'auteur, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb350923127.
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Rolland, Yann. "De la convergence intra-oceanique a l'evolution post-collisionnelle : exemple de la convergence indo-asiatique en himalaya du nord-ouest, du cretace a nos jours." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000GRE10220.
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Le segment nw himalayen (kohistan-ladakh et karakorum, ne pakistan, et nw inde) est une zone appropriee pour etudier les etapes de la convergence de deux continents (inde et asie), en contexte oceanique puis continental sur 110 ma. Une approche pluridisciplinaire (geologie structurale, petro-geochimie, thermo-barometrie, geochronologie ar-ar) a ete utilisee. Les etapes intra-oceaniques de la convergence sont etudiees via les series d'arc du nord-ladakh. Cette etude permet de raccorder l'arc oceanique du kohistan a l'w, a la marge active tibetaine a l'e. L'etude des isotopes du sr, nd et pb des laves d'arc fournit des rapports isotopiques eleves rappelant l'anomalie dupal. Des laves adakitiques et riches en nb-ta et ti sont egalement presentes. Ces donnees suggerent l'interaction entre liquides issus de la fusion de la croute subduite et le manteau, a la suite de la subduction de la ride neo-tethysienne, comme deja propose pour l'initiation de l'obduction de l'ophiolite d'oman, en reponse a une inversion tectonique : la remontee de l'inde vers le n. Les etapes de la convergence post-collisionnelle, apres une phase de raccourcissement ne-sw entre 60 et 40 ma, sont marquees par une partition de la deformation : une bande e-w de domes recoupe les structures precoces, dans un contexte de raccourcissement n-s et d'extrusion verticale, associee a un metamorphisme ht dans le facies des granulites et a un magmatisme a affinite mantellique (25 - 5 ma). Cette granulitisation de la croute asiatique pourrait etre liee a un apport de chaleur mantellique lie au detachement du slab indien. La faille decrochante du karakorum sert de limite entre karakorum et tibet et accommode l'extrusion laterale de celui-ci. Des granulites sont exhumees
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Dutoya, Virginie. "La représentation de la nation à l’épreuve de la différence de genre : quotas et représentation des femmes dans les Parlements de l’Inde et du Pakistan." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2012. https://buadistant.univ-angers.fr/login?url=https://bibliotheque.lefebvre-dalloz.fr/secure/isbn/9782247138302.
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Cette thèse a pour objet la représentation politique des femmes au sein des parlements indien et pakistanais, du raj britannique aux années 2000. Ce travail, qui relève de la sociologie historique et comparative de l’état, confronte la constitution et la transformation de deux systèmes représentatifs issus de la même matrice, l’Inde coloniale. Le genre, conçu comme la construction sociale de la différence et de la hiérarchisation des sexes, « met à l’épreuve » l’idéal d’un corps citoyen formé d’individus égaux. à travers la place des femmes dans la représentation nationale, c’est donc la gestion de la diversité et de l’inégalité au sein du corps citoyen qui est étudiée. L’analyse du profil sociologique et politique des parlementaires pakistanais et indien révèle qu’au-delà de la sous-représentation numérique des femmes (vis-à-vis de leur poids démographique), différents systèmes de domination fondés sur la classe, la caste ou la religion, s’entrecroisent, pour sélectionner qui peut représenter la nation. Par ailleurs, l’exigence de représentativité sociale du parlement, illustrée par l’ancienneté des quotas (pour différents groupes sociaux), s’inscrit dans une démarche de représentation d’intérêts particuliers sans remettre en cause la domination du « citoyen modèle », un homme, qui est le représentant légitime de la nation. Les quotas pour les femmes, réintroduits dans les deux pays à la fin des années 1990, ne constituent donc pas une rupture, mais poursuivent des stratégies anciennes permettant aux deux états d’arbitrer, de façon distincte, la compétition pour l’accès à la représentation politique, en définissant des catégories politiquement légitimesThis research analyzes women’s political representation in the indian and pakistani parliaments, from the british raj onwards. Grounded on a theoretical framework which integrates a comparative and historical sociology of the State, this study aims at confronting the construction and transformation of two representatives systems, stemming from the same matrix, colonial India. Gender, defined as the social construction of sexual difference and hierarchy, enables us to question the ideal of an abstract citizenry, formed by unmarked and equal citizens. The study of women’s access to parliament unveils the difficulties to accommodate the ideal of liberal and democratic representation with the existence of differences and inequalities between citizens. Beyond the obvious numerical under-representation of women (vis-à-vis their demographic weight), the analysis of the sociological and political profile of indian and pakistani parliamentarians since 1947 reveals that women’s misrepresentation can be explained only by looking at the intersections of various systems of domination, from caste to class. Moreover, the existence of quotas (for women and other groups) early in the 20th century shows an enduring concern for the social representativeness of political institutions. Yet, quotas aim at representing limited interests, while the legitimacy of the “universal citizen”, a man, as the representative of the nation, is not challenged. Gender quotas, as they were reintroduced in both countries in the late nineties, do not constitute a major rupture, as they enable the States to arbitrate between competing claims of political recognition, by defining politically legitimate categories
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Haseeb, Ahmed Abdul, and Asim Ilyas. "Speech Translation into Pakistan Sign Language." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Sektionen för datavetenskap och kommunikation, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-5095.
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ABSTRACT Context: Communication is a primary human need and language is the medium for this. Most people have the ability to listen and speak and they use different languages like Swedish, Urdu and English etc. to communicate. Hearing impaired people use signs to communicate. Pakistan Sign Language (PSL) is the preferred language of the deaf in Pakistan. Currently, human PSL interpreters are required to facilitate communication between the deaf and hearing; they are not always available, which means that communication among the deaf and other people may be impaired or nonexistent. In this situation, a system with voice recognition as an input and PSL as an output will be highly helpful. Objectives: As part of this thesis, we explore challenges faced by deaf people in everyday life while interacting with unimpaired. We investigate state of art work done in this area. This study explores speech recognition and Machine translation techniques to devise a generic and automated system that converts English speech to PSL. A prototype of the proposed solution is developed and validated. Methods: Three step investigation is done as part of thesis work. First, to understand problem itself, interviews were conducted with the domain experts. Secondly, from literature review, it is investigated whether any similar or related work has already been done, state of the art technologies like Machine translation, speech recognition engines and Natural language processing etc. have been analyzed. Thirdly, prototype is developed whose validation data is obtained from domain experts and is validated by ourselves as well as from domain experts. Results: It is found that there is a big communication gap between deaf and unimpaired in Pakistan. This is mainly due to the lack of an automated system that can convert Audio speech to PSL and vice versa. After investigating state of the art work including solutions in other countries specific to their languages, it is found that no system exists that is generic and automated. We found that there is already work started for PSL to English Speech conversion but not the other way around. As part of this thesis, we discovered that a generic and automated system can be devised using speech recognition and Machine translation techniques. Conclusion: Deaf people in Pakistan lack a lot of opportunities mainly due to communication gap between deaf and unimpaired. We establish that there should be a generic and automated system that can convert English speech to PSL and vice versa. As part of this, we worked for such a system that can convert English speech to PSL. Moreover, Speech recognition, Machine translation and Natural language processing techniques can be core ingredients for such a generic and automated system. Using user centric approach, the prototype of the system is validated iteratively from domain experts.This research has investigated a computer based solution to facilitate communication among deaf people and unimpaired. Investigation was performed using literature review and visits to institutes to gain a deeper knowledge about sign language and specifically how is it used in Pakistan context. Secondly, challenges faced by deaf people to interact with unimpaired are analyzed by interviews with domain experts (instructors of deaf institutes) and by directly observing deaf in everyday life situations. We conclude that deaf people rely on sign language for communication with unimpaired people. Deaf people in Pakistan use PSL for communication, English is taught as secondary language all over Pakistan in all educational institutes, deaf people are taught by instructors that not only need to know the domain expertise of the area that they are teaching like Math, History and Science etc. but they also need to know PSL very well in order to teach the deaf. It becomes very difficult for deaf institutes to get instructors that know both. Whenever deaf people need to communicate with unimpaired people in any situation, they either need to hire a translator or request the unimpaired people to write everything for them. Translators are very difficult to get all the time and they are very expensive as well. Moreover, using writing by unimpaired becomes very slow process and not all unimpaired people want to do this. We observed this phenomena ourselves as instructors of the institutes provided us the opportunity to work with deaf people to understand their feelings and challenges in everyday life. In this way, we used to go with deaf people in shopping malls, banks, post offices etc. and with their permission, we observed their interaction. We have concluded that sometimes their interaction with normal people becomes very slow and embarrassing. Based on above findings, we concluded that there is definitely a need for an automated system that can facilitate communication between deaf and unimpaired people. These factors lead to the subsequent objective of this research. The main objective of this thesis is to identify a generic and an automated system without any human intervention that converts English speech into PSL as a solution to bridge the communication gap between deaf and unimpaired. It is identified that existing work done related to this problem area doesn’t fulfill our objective. Current solutions are either very specific to a domain, e.g. post office or need human intervention i.e. not automatic. It is identified that none of the existing systems can be extended towards our desired solution. We explored state of the art techniques like Machine translation, Speech recognition and NLP. We have utilized these in our proposed solution. Prototype of the proposed solution is developed whose functional and non functional validation is performed. Since none of existing work exactly matches to our problem statement, therefore, we have not compared the validation of our prototype to any existing system. We have validated prototype with respect to our problem domain. Moreover, this is validated iteratively from the domain experts, i.e. experts of PSL and the English to PSL human translators. We found this user centric approach very useful to help better understand the problem at the ground level, keeping our work user focused and then realization of user satisfaction level throughout the process. This work has opened a new world of opportunities where deaf can communicate with others who do not have PSL knowledge. Having this system, if it is further developed from a prototype to a functioning system; deaf institutes will have wider scope of choosing best instructors for a given domain that may not have PSL expertise. Deaf people will have more opportunities to interact with other members of the society at every level as communication is the basic pillar for this. The automatic speech to sign language is an attractive prospect; the impending applications are exhilarating and worthwhile. In the field of Human Computer Interface (HCI) we hope that our thesis will be an important addition to the ongoing research.
Ahmed Abdul Haseeb & Asim ilyas, Contact no. 00923215126749 House No. 310, Street No. 4 Rawal town Islamabad, Pakistan Postal Code 44000
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Appel, Henry E. "U.S. Foreign Policy in Pakistan: Bringing Pakistan Into Line with American Counterterrorism Interests." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2015. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/1117.
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This thesis is a review of U.S. foreign policy in Pakistan through a realist lens. It critiques the current state of U.S. policy and recommends that the United States prioritize national security interests, particularly with regards to counterterrorism, over building Pakistani democracy and running civilian aid programs. It then further recommends ways for the United States government to account for ground level dynamics in Pakistani politics in crafting foreign policy aimed at bringing Pakistan into line with U.S. counterterrorism priorities.
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Sulehrie, Mohammad Abid Qaiyum. "An investigation into different responses of a Pakistani biotype of Callosobruchus maculatus (Bruchidae: Coleoptera) to four new varieties of pulses from Pakistan." Thesis, University of Greenwich, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.324899.
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Öhrberg, Dennis. "Luftmaktsanvändning i Indo-Pakistani kriget 1971 : En teorikonsumerande studie av Indiens luftmaktsanvändning i Indo-Pakistani kriget 1971 ur ett luftmaktsteoretiskt perspektiv." Thesis, Försvarshögskolan, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:fhs:diva-9162.
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Airpower theorists through history have by one or another reason chosen not to use wars or conflicts between India and Pakistan. Both the war 1965 and 1971 had the use of airpower, especially the war 1971 where India was victorious. This study examines India’s use of airpower against Pakistan in the war of 1971. The theories that are chosen for the examination is coming from the airpower theorist Robert Pape. Pape presents four different coercion air strategies, by them ‘coercion by denial’ and ‘coercion by decapitation’ are chosen for this study. The purpose of this study was to give more explanation and understanding of the war between India and Pakistan in 1971 and more closely India’s use of airpower. Because of the lack of airpower studies between the countries mentioned above, this study will also give some insight into why previous airpower theorists may have chosen to look past wars between India and Pakistan. The results show that Pape’s different theories gave a good overall explanation of India’s use of airpower in the war of 1971. This study also indicates and points a direction to which airpower theory is most likely to explain India’s use of airpower. It also gives some possible alternatives to why previous airpower theorists chose not to study the Indo-Pakistani war in 1971.
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Zafar, Muhammad Hasan. "Pakistani documentary : representation of national history and identity (1976-2016)." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2017. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/8386/.
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This thesis presents a study of Pakistani documentary, with a focus on the ways in which it represents Pakistan’s national identity and history. The study examines three sources of documentary production – state media, commercial television channels, and independent filmmakers – as three distinct voices of Pakistani documentary. The study argues that the discourses of these institutions are governed by their respective ideological, political, and economic priorities. These factors result in two competing approaches to Pakistan’s national history and identity: right-wing and left-wing. The Islamic ideology of the state governs the discourse of state-sponsored documentaries. The commercial television documentaries take an anti-establishment position, however, they remain faithful to Islamic ideology of the state to a large extend. The independent filmmakers, on the other hand, offer a liberal perspective of history and a secular identity of Pakistan. Hence, they offer a critical view of the state’s Islamic ideology as a governing principle of historiography and identity formation. The notion of representation entails the issues of authenticity, credibility, and truth-value, associated with the various methods adopted by the filmmakers. Hence, attention is paid to the styles and modes of documentary, with a reflection on the documentarian’s individual approaches to realism. The documentaries have been placed within historical and political contexts considering Pakistan as a postcolonial state, which also functions as a critical framework of this study.
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Gayer, Laurent. "Les politiques internationales de l'identité : significations internationales des mobilisations identitaires des Sikhs (Inde) et des Mohajirs (Pakistan)." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004IEPP0012.
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Wolf, John L. "The Indo-Pakistani nuclear issue : a U.S. policy perspective." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/23926.
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Leclercq, Delphine. "Des héritages géopolitiques en confrontation : histoire des représentations des frontières de l’État princier du Jammu-et-Cachemire." Thesis, Paris 4, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA040239.
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Contentieux délicat entre l’Inde et le Pakistan, les deux États issus de la Partition de l’Empire britannique des Indes en 1947, la question du Cachemire est un imbroglio inextricable. Scindé par une ligne de contrôle, le territoire de l’ancien État princier du Jammu-et-Cachemire est le symbole d’une Partition inachevée pour Islamabad tandis qu’il représente l’invalidation pratique de la Théorie des deux Nations pour New Delhi. Depuis 1947, la complexité des réalités religieuses et linguistiques du territoire du Jammu-et-Cachemire tend à s’effacer face au jeu des constructions idéologiques antagonistes des deux États qui le contrôlent. Des convictions opposées se transmettent de génération en génération dans l’opinion publique des deux pays, aboutissant à une opposition jusqu’ici irréconciliable des mémoires indienne et pakistanaise. En outre, les frontières stratégiques du Cachemire, ouvertes sur l’Asie centrale, représentent un impératif absolu en tant que limite septentrionale de ce qui peut être considéré comme les néo-empires indien et pakistanais. L’évolution des représentations des frontières de l’État princier du Jammu-et-Cachemire, depuis la seconde moitié du 19ème siècle jusqu’à sa partition en janvier 1949, constitue un héritage décisif dans le développement des représentations géopolitiques indiennes, pakistanaises mais aussi et surtout dans celles des habitants de la Vallée du Cachemire et des autres sous ensembles himalayens qui composaient l’État princierThe Kashmir problem is a sensitive bone of contention between India and Pakistan, the two states stemming from the Partition of the British Empire in India in 1947. Split into two parts by a line-of-control, the territory of the Princely State of Jammu and Kashmir has been for Islamabad a symbol of the unfinished Partition, whereas for New Delhi it represents, for all intents and purposes, the revocation of the Two Nations Theory. Since 1947, the complexity of religious and linguistic realities of the Jammu and Kashmir territory tends to be downplayed in the ideological formulations of the two antagonistic States that control it. This confrontation between India and Pakistan in Kashmir crystallizes opposing convictions which are passed on from one generation to the next in both countries, thereby sanctioning the differences between the Indian and Pakistani national memories. Moreover, Jammu and Kashmir has strategic borders with Central Asia which constitute a hard and fast imperative for both, as the northern border of what could be called the Indian and the Pakistani neo-empires. Since the second half of the 19th century until its partition in January 1949, the evolution of the presentation of the borders of the Princely State of Jammu and Kashmir constitute a decisive legacy in the way the geopolitical presentations have evolved in India and Pakistan as well as in the Valley of Kashmir and in the others Himalayan entities which had formerly made up the Princely State of Jammu-and-Kashmir
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Pavri, Tinaz. "Building Foundations to Settle Protracted Conflict : The Indo- Pakistani Case /." The Ohio State University, 1994. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487859879940739.
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Aleem, Abdul. "Mécanismes de transmission monétaire, inflation sous-jacente et règles monétaires : le cas de l'Inde et du Pakistan." Paris 13, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA131031.
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Ce travail empirique se concentre sur trois sujets importants concernant l’Inde et le Pakistan. Nous employons une approche VAR afin d’examiner différents canaux de transmission des chocs monétaires au secteur réel. Nos estimations suggèrent l’existence du canal du taux d’intérêt et du crédit bancaire. Sachant l’importance de la stabilité des prix, nous estimons l’inflation sous-jacente en employant différentes approches. Nos estimations suggèrent que l’inflation sous-jacente, mesurée avec les approches de moyenne tronquée et de VAR structurel, est plus efficace pour la politique monétaire. Nous analysons les règles monétaires de type backward-looking et forward-looking afin de voir le comportement des banques centrales. Nos estimations suggèrent que les deux banques centrales This empirical research concentrates on three interrelated issues concerning India and Pakistan. We use a VAR approach in order to examine different channels through which the monetary shocks are transmitted to the real sector. Our result suggest the existence of interest rate and the bank lending channel. Given the emphasis on price stability, we estimate the core inflation by employing statistical and econometric approach. A comparison of different measures of core inflation suggests the importance of trimmed means and SVAR measures of core inflation for policy purposes. We estimate the backward-looking and forward-looking monetary policy rules in order to analyse the central banks’ behaviour. Our result suggest that the two central banks give more importance to exchange rate stabilisation than price and output stabilisation.
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Javed, Sammar. "An empirical investigation into knowledge management in Pakistani think tanks." Thesis, University of Huddersfield, 2017. http://eprints.hud.ac.uk/id/eprint/34421/.
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Knowledge management can play a central strategic role in organisational life, potentially initiating from strategy planning to performance achievement. The continuous adjustment of organisational strategy and performance can be powerful in knowledge intensive organisations such as think tanks. Think tanks are policy research organisations, usually of small to medium size, and non-profit in nature. The Pakistani think tank ‘industry’ is at an important tipping point in terms of establishing knowledge ‘impact’ for the state and the wider society. Think tank organisations are gaining dual attention for creating awareness in society and suggesting policies to the state. The central purpose of this research is to provide an explanation of why and how knowledge management plays a role within think tanks, especially with regards to organisations linking strategy and performance. It also seeks to provide evidence from Pakistani think tanks providing suggestions for organisational improvement that may be applicable to think tanks in other developing countries. A thorough literature review from the field of knowledge management includes knowledge, knowledge management, and the strategic relationship of knowledge management, organisational strategy and organisational performance. Specifically, the research seeks to analyse knowledge management in social sciences policy research think tanks based in Islamabad, the capital of Pakistan. The participation of eight think tanks provided access for field visits to conduct interviews, observations and document collection. From the findings, it is recommended that consciousness towards knowledge management can highlight the natural and independent process to keep organisational strategy and performance improving continuously in a cyclic manner. Knowledge resources with Pakistani think tanks demand proper recognition and valuation, as they are potentially being worth more compared to material resources. Amongst the knowledge resources, cultural values and norms, multilingual skills, ‘friendly’ internal environments and leadership are found to be important. The strength of Pakistani think tanks is in their Relational Capital, which they appear to be utilising. Informal-Tacit knowledge management practices are highlighted more in the context, though gaps do appear to exist for formal practices. It is suggested that think tanks could further enhance real visibility through their Relational Capital and making use of tacit informal practices leading to friendly, multilingual and effectively leadership cultures with positive values. Think tanks have the potential to help provide solutions during turbulent times, both leading and managing knowledge – effecting a positive impact upon both state and society.
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Malik, Shahid H. "A study of the economic and social factors in foreign direct investment into Pakistan." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2006. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/7909.
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In the present era most developing countries and Pakistan in particular are attempting to come up with better economic and financial policies as well as more stable governments to enhance the prospects of their economies. Pakistan is trying to encourage foreign investment through more liberal economic policies, political stability and the maintenance of law and order. The principal aim of this study is to evaluate the influence of the principal macro-economic variables in attracting FDI to Pakistan. One of the principal contributions of this study is to include political instability as a potential risk factor in determining the level of FDI in Pakistan. As part of this contribution is the construction of political risk indices drawing on economic and political chronological events in the country for the period of 1970-2004. The empirical analysis indicates that an improvement in the health of economy by raising per capita income, lower interest rates (discount rates), and more stable exchange rate, along with a stable political environment can affect the short-term flows of FDI and the long-run level of FDI. The policy implications are that in Pakistan policy makers in future must take into account a wide range of economic and non-economic factors in determining their policies towards FDI.
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Shaheen, Robina. "An investigation into the factors enhancing or inhibiting primary school children’s creativity in Pakistan." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2010. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/1239/.
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This study provides a baseline analysis of the extent to which the primary education system in Pakistan is capable of enhancing or inhibiting children’s creativity. It involved 1008 primary schools who participated in a survey, 154 children who took the Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking, and classroom observation in 16 schools as well as documentary analysis of the education policy documents, curriculum and the official science textbook. The research presents the findings related to the definition of ‘creativity’, and the means used to identify, assess and enhance it as well as the importance and the obstacles faced in doing so. The study finds that while policy documents mention the introduction of creativity in education, and the curriculum lays emphasis on the concept in a comprehensive manner, the designated textbooks and teaching practices do little more than encourage rote memorization and regurgitation of information. The measurement of children’s creativity in this study has shown that children have the ability to produce ideas which are at times also original. But they appear to be weaker in other areas such as being able to produce abstract titles, and remaining open to going beyond the ‘ordinary’ in their thinking. This is due to the fact that much of the teaching is only geared towards knowledge acquisition. This research has reinforced the need for a systems view of creativity, in order to provide a more holistic and less distorted view of the phenomenon.
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Khan, Sara. "An inquiry into the work values endorsed in two Pakistani MBA programmes." Thesis, Lancaster University, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.443522.
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Bilal, Muhammad. "An enquiry into the application of EU anti-dumping law, with particular reference to Pakistan." Thesis, University of Bedfordshire, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10547/622102.
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Dumping is to unfairly sell goods at a lower price (at foreign market) as compared to their normal value at domestic market of the manufacturing country, thus causing material injury to the local industry of the importing country. Other researchers have explored the global (WTO Agreement) and the European Union’s (EU) Anti-Dumping law mostly with a commercial perspective. At doctoral level EU-China, EU-Japan and EU-Korea trade relations with reference to the application of protective measures have been studied. This dissertation is, however, the very first aimed to examine the application of EU Anti-Dumping law relating to Pakistan. This is a complete health check of EU-Pakistan trade relations with reference to the application of Anti-dumping duties on Pakistan. This study is a combination of doctrinal research and empirical research, whereby it critically evaluates the Commission’s investigation and the judgements of the EU Courts related to Pakistan and thus establish their consistency or inconsistency; it also studies the voting patterns within the Council and the impact of AD duties on Pakistani imports. It is a qualitative exploratory study based upon an inductive approach. Contradictions are found in the calculations of normal value and export price, constructed normal value, the comparison of normal value and export price, the calculation of dumping margin, and the calculation of injury. Suggestions are made as to the extent to which Unions’ anti-dumping rules need to be reviewed to moderate their tilt that unequivocally favours Union manufacturers. Moreover, this dissertation identifies many provisions of the basic regulation, which being too vague offers multiple interpretations, which are thus recommended to be amended. In the empirical part of this research the voting style of EU member states for or against the adoption of AD measures against Pakistan has been studied. Thereafter, the content analysis of stated reasons for specific voting styles reveals that the member states vote on the basis of the findings and conclusions of investigation as done by the Commission, thus trade partner loyalty is not the reason for their voting. Furthermore, application of the ADDs is found to be reason of import decline from Pakistan to the EU.
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Ghauri, Muhammad Taimoor Khan, and Muhammad Faraz Maqsood. "Incorporating Social Media into Integrated Marketing Communications of an organization : The Case of Warid Telecom, Pakistan." Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för teknik och samhälle, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-5352.
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Ahmad, Ashfaq. "An investigation into programme factors and providers' perceptions at family welfare centres in Faisalabad district of Pakistan." Thesis, University of Exeter, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.260790.
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Harouit, Farid. "Les facteurs de la radicalisation islamiste violente en Grande-Bretagne à la lumière des attentats de Londres du 7 juillet 2005 : la dimension pakistanaise." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCA163.
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Les attentats du 7 juillet 2005 à Londres ont causé un choc et un effroi dans la société britannique non seulement à cause du nombre important des victimes mais aussi en raison de la citoyenneté britannique des kamikazes. A l’exception de Germaine Lindsay qui était d’origine jamaïcaine, les autres membres de la cellule – Mohammed Siddiq Khan, Shehzad Tanweer et Hussib Hussain - étaient tous d’origine pakistanaise. Les kamikazes du 7 juillet 2005 n’étaient pas les seuls Britanniques d’origine pakistanaise impliqués dans des actes de terrorisme. Avant 2005, ils étaient nombreux à aller combattre auprès d’organisations djihadistes pakistanaises au Cachemire ou à commettre des tentatives d’attentat sur le sol britannique, comme ce fut le cas de la cellule de Luton en 2004. Après 2005, d’autres cellules, comme celle de Birmingham en 2011, ont essayé de commettre des attentats à une plus grande échelle. L’origine pakistanaise des auteurs, leur intérêt pour le conflit au Cachemire et leur entrainement paramilitaire dans les camps d’organisations djihadistes pakistanaises sont autant d'éléments communs qui nous ont conduit à nous interroger sur la nature de la radicalisation violente en Grande-Bretagne. Cette thèse examine la dimension pakistanaise de la radicalisation islamiste violente en Grande-Bretagne en se basant sur la théorie des mouvements sociaux, notamment le modèle de Quintan Wiktorowicz, selon lequel la radicalisation est le fruit de griefs politiques, socio-économiques et d’idéologie. Elle s’appuie sur dix études de cas : trois organisations djihadistes pakistanaises (Lashkar e-Toiba, Harakat ul-Mujahideen et Jaish e-Mohammed), trois organisations extrémistes transnationales (Hizb ut-Tahrir, Al-Muhajiroun et Supporters of Sharia) et quatre mouvements de l’islam sud-asiatiques (Ahl e-Hadith, déobandi, Tablighi Jamaat et Jamaat e-Islami). La thèse démontre qu’il y a une dimension spécifiquement pakistanaise de la radicalisation islamiste violente en Grande-Bretagne en raison de l’histoire coloniale, le conflit au Cachemire, la « guerre contre la terreur » et l’intervention militaire en AfghanistanThe 7 July 2005 London bombings caused shock and awe in the British society not only because of the important number of casualties, but also due to the British citizenship of the bombers. With the exception of Germaine Lindsay, who was of Jamaican descent, all the other members of the cell - Mohammed Siddiq Khan, Shehzad Tanweer and Hussib Hussain - had Pakistani background. The London bombers were not the only British Pakistanis who were involved in acts of terrorism. Before 2005, many went to fight alongside the Pakistani jihadi organisations in Kashmir or plotted against Britain such as the Luton cell in 2004. After 2005, other cells, like the one in Birmingham in 2011, planned attacks on a bigger scale on British soil. The Pakistani origin of the perpetrators, their interest in Kashmir and their paramilitary training in camps belonging to Pakistani jihadi organisations were common features that have raised questions about the nature of violent radicalisation in Britain. This thesis examines the Pakistani dimension of violent radicalisation in Britain by building on social movement theory, especially on Quintan Wiktorowicz’ model, according to which radicalisation is the result of political, socio-economic grievances and ideology. This research is based on ten case studies: three Pakistani jihadi organisations (Lashkar e-Toiba, Harakat ul-Mujahideen and Jaish e-Mohammed), three extremist transnational organisations (Hizb ut-Tahrir, Al-Muhajiroun and Supporters of Sharia) and four South-Asian Islamic mouvements (Ahl e-Hadith, Deobandi, Tablighi Jamaat and Jamaat e-Islami). The thesis shows that there is specifically a Pakistani dimension to the violent islamist radicalisation in Britain due to the colonial history, the conflict in Kashmir, the ‘’war on terror’’ and the military intervention in Afghanistan
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Mirza, Maryam. "L'Intimité inter-classes 5 : une étude de la littérature féminine anglophone contemporaine de l'Inde et du Pakistan." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AIXM3048.
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En prenant appui sur dix romans anglophones contemporains par les auteures indiennes et pakistanaises, cette étude explore et évalue les enjeux politiques et poétiques de la représentation de l'amitié et de l'amour inter-classes dans une littérature souvent considérée comme essentiellement ‘élitiste'. Cette thèse s'écarte de l'approche habituelle dans les études postcoloniales qui privilégie l'idée d'hybridité conçue uniquement en termes binaires (Occident/Orient ou Nord/Sud) et au cœur de l'étude se trouvent la figure du subalterne et la négociation complexe des identités liées à la classe, à la caste et au sexe dans le sous-continent indien. Si les textes examinés révèlent la précarité des rapports humains qui transgressent les diverses frontières sociales, ils soulignent également leurs possibilités contestataires. Cette étude s'intéresse aussi aux enjeux éthiques des choix formels dont témoignent les textes examinés et à la manière dont ces choix peuvent à la fois confirmer et contredire le projet politique du texteThis dissertation is a detailed analysis of ten contemporary Anglophone novels by women writers from India and Pakistan. It explores and evaluates the politics as well as the poetics of the literary depiction of cross-class love and friendship in Anglophone literature of the Indian sub-continent, which is often considered ‘elitist'. The figure of the subaltern lies at the heart of our study and by focusing on the portrayal of the negotiation of class, caste and gender identities in the Indian sub-continent, this dissertation moves away from postcolonial studies' customary focus on the notion of hybridity, often conceived solely in East/West or North/South terms. The texts examined reveal not only the tenuousness of cross-class relationships but also underscore their subversive possibilities. The ethical ramifications of questions of form are also explored as are the ways in which the poetics of a text can both confirm and contradict its politics
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Bano, Shah. "The role of universities in transforming a developing economy into a knowledge-based economy : the case of Pakistan." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2012. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/343583/.
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The thesis examines the functions of universities in transforming a developing economy into a Knowledge Based Economy (KBE). Universities play a vital role in strengthening the KBE by providing the resource, ‘knowledge’. This study explores the challenges encountered by academic leadership in Pakistan, while striving to achieve a KBE. Although, the Higher Education Commission (HEC), has introduced a large number of reforms in universities of Pakistan since 2003 but these reforms are only a beginning of a process of engagement of universities in socioeconomic development. The newly established Commission was charged with the task to align higher education with the needs of the country, provide greater access to quality higher education, and develop the skills of faculty. Other steps towards reformation of the higher education sector of Pakistan included the introduction of quality assurance systems in universities, investment in their physical as well as knowledge infrastructure and developing a ranking system for universities in order to create a competitive environment among them. These measures taken by the HEC were fundamental for the development of a globally recognised higher education system. The current emphasis on the promotion of entrepreneurship is now leading to the establishment of technology parks and technology transfer offices on campuses so that universities can contribute directly to the process of socioeconomic development. The thesis elaborates the conditions, which facilitate or hamper the functions of universities in Pakistan. University–industry linkages in the United States (Silicon Valley) and United Kingdom (Oxford and Cambridge) have inspired many developing countries. In order to follow the same trends, universities in Pakistan are adopting the entrepreneurial role too. However, there is a gap in the literature regarding how the roles and functions of universities in developing economies differ from those of universities in a KBE. Therefore, the researcher aims to fill this gap in the literature by investigating the perceptions of academic leaders in Pakistan. This research employs a qualitative design and grounded theory research strategy. The sample size consists of fifty semi structured interviews with various stakeholders of higher education such as the leaders of the higher education regulatory body (Higher Education Commission), five high ranking universities of Pakistan and the Intellectual Property Organisation (IPO) in Pakistan. Data are analysed inductively, resulting in a new substantive theory, the Model of Symbiosis. The study reveals, there are external and internal factors which facilitate the formation of a KBE. The external factor which include, good governance, political stability, an effective policy framework and strengthening of the institutions (government, judicial institutions, educational and financial institutions) while internal factors include the development of physical infrastructure of universities and knowledge creation as well as dissemination activities taking place in universities. These factors help in the creation of positive mind-set towards ‘knowledge’. Moreover, a KBE is based on surplus knowledge and innovation capability of a country. The production and use of surplus knowledge require collaboration among different institutional actors. The State, the National Eco-system of Education and the corporate sector, have to work in a symbiotic relationship so that synergy for a welfare society is generated. This welfare society will thrive economically and also it will become a part of the global international community. The researcher advocates that universities can put the economy on a stable condition if they are ‘tasked’ and deployed on a mission to solve issues of the society such as enhancing agricultural productivity, resolving the issue of electricity shortage, provision of clean drinking water, infrastructure development, and the growth of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) to create employment opportunities. Hence, universities in developing countries can act as agents of change provided that their basic infrastructure (both knowledge infrastructure and physical infrastructure) is developed and it supports those universities in their roles. Secondly, along with the basic infrastructure, a regulatory framework and intellectual property regimes should also be in place to strengthen the economy in developing countries.
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Asghar, Jabreel. "Critical investigation into a textbook for actual and potential uses in Pakistani higher secondary education." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2010. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/3612/.
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Morgan (1997:16) observes that any form of education aims to bring about changes in students. It must, therefore, have in view both what an educated person should be and the ideal society to whose relationship they will contribute. Such educated individuals will presumably contribute to the betterment of their society insofar as adjustments to their status quo are desirable. In line with Morgan, this study has suggested that disempowered learners in Pakistani higher secondary classroom, by taking the ownership of their learning, can emerge as independent critical thinker with a better perception of the world. This study has explored how conservative pedagogical treatment affects the learners’ understanding of texts by disempowering and having them either misperceived or incomplete information. The study has proposed an alternative route to learning which might ensure a more effective impact on the learning process and the learning outcome. For this purpose, the study critically analyses the texts of a Pakistani higher secondary English textbook to investigate how ineffective treatment of these texts influences the learners’ perception of the world and their learning outcome. The critical discourse analysis complements a questionnaire survey followed by interviews with the learners to gauge their level of understanding of the texts in line with the goals and objectives set by the national curriculum of Pakistan. Following a critical paradigmatic pattern, the study not only points out the problem but also comes up with a change agenda by advocating the case for critical pedagogy for these learners. The study proposes sample material to support how adding a critical dimension to the existing English syllabus may well achieve better results in term of academic accomplishments, in addition to broadening the learners’ vision, and preparing them to face the rapidly changing and growing world of the 21st century.
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Hussain, Shah Farwa. "An investigation into lecturers' beliefs and implementation of the English language curriculum change at higher education level in Pakistan." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/24247.
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This thesis describes an exploratory study designed to investigate the beliefs and perceptions of eight English language lecturers about, and their classroom practices in implementing the curriculum change that was enacted in 2010 at the undergraduate level in the public sector colleges in Pakistan. Research indicates that curriculum change is a highly complex and a multifaceted process (Carl, 2009), and its success depends on a number of features. In this respect, it is acknowledged that teachers and their multiple roles contribute significantly to the success or failure of any educational reform or change. Therefore, this exploration focussed on investigating teachers’ implementation of the curriculum change through an analysis of their beliefs about teaching and learning, their perceptions about the curriculum change, and the issues involved in implementation. My approach is interpretive, and thus qualitative research methodology was employed to obtain an in-depth understanding of the phenomenon under investigation. Semi structured interviews and classroom observations were used as data collection instruments. The analysis of the data revealed that, in spite of the lecturers’ generally positive attitude towards the concept of change and their belief in the importance of English for both individual and national progress, there was a limited uptake of the new communicative curriculum. The study indicated that teachers’ beliefs combined with a number of external factors including the student level, educational culture, examination washback, lack of resources and support, and absence of teacher training could be an explanation for contradictions between the intended and the implemented curriculum change. The study concluded that the needs of the teachers must be acknowledged, and measures should be taken to create compatibility between the teachers’ beliefs, contextual factors and the reform policies. Although the study does not provide any explicit solutions to the problem of change and reform implementation, the insights revealed significant implications, clarified some critical issues, and offered some recommendations which might prove beneficial not only for curriculum planning and implementation in the future, but could also be useful in guiding those involved in the present curriculum change. Important areas were also suggested for further research in the field.
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Fakir, Mohammad Razia. "From theory to practice : an understanding of the implementation of in-service mathematics teachers' learning into the classroom in Pakistan." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.395297.
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Ansari, Komal. "The pedagogical praxis of creativity : an investigation into the incipience of creative writing in USJP." Thesis, University of Bedfordshire, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10547/595705.
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Creative Writing as a teachable artistic practice, and reinforcing its identity with an appropriate pedagogical approach, has been a vibrant research area for some years now. Yet, despite a strong increase in writing courses all over the globe, there has been little research into how creative practitioners can actually contribute to facilitate the process of skill development in higher education learners, especially in the public sector universities across Sindh, Pakistan. In an effort to introduce Creative Writing as an academic discipline to government universities in Sindh, the present research sought to observe the impact of a training programme on English fiction on a sample of native learners. A total of thirteen students volunteered for this project. The research sample was selected from a population of second year undergraduates, enrolled in literature courses at the Institute of English Language and Literature (IELL) in the University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Pakistan (USJP); wherein Creative Writing had hitherto been a non-existent area of studies. Students were offered a twenty-nine session modular-workshop, aimed at exploring and expediting their artistic abilities in the short time span of a single semester. To ensure the trustworthiness of findings, the entire procedure was documented under the guidance of the researcher’s supervisory team. A post-workshop evaluation survey was also used for attaining student feedback. The setup of assessment items and analysis constructs of students’ narrative portfolios were adapted from validated sources and aligned with the context of this study. However, neither the feedback nor the assessment of students’ work was counted as the findings of this research. Unlike non-artistic inquiries, the post-training creative output gathered from project participants was interpreted as the final research outcome. Methodologically, this process was conducted following a matrix of three practice-oriented research paradigms; whereas “performative research” was selected as the principle data creation and presentation strategy. The resulting research insight has exhibited an in-depth understanding of approaches that could facilitate fiction composition abilities of learners from different language backgrounds, while writing in English. It also allows practitioners to consider non-typical methods of research to contribute holistically to the existing body of knowledge in the field.
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Randall, Jennifer. "Fractures de l'histoire post-Partition dans les romans féminins issus du sous-continent indien." Thesis, Paris 8, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA080145.
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La Partition de l’Inde (1947) et la Guerre de libération du Bangladesh (1971) sont deux moments de transition qui exposent la violence de constructions nationales post-coloniales. Les actes perpétrés sur une base ethno-religieuse ont donné lieu à des récits privés pourtant occultés au profit de récits nationaux hégémoniques auto-légitimants. Ces récits attestent tout particulièrement de l’instrumentalisation de figures et de corps de femmes comme lieu de marquage de conflits communautaires. Face au silence imposé par les divers appareils d’État patriarcaux, trois générations de romancières ont cherché à renverser les récits hégémoniques en Inde, au Pakistan et au Bangladesh, par le biais d’une fiction romanesque caractérisée par son incoercibilité et son engagement féministe. Leur écriture de fiction répond à la violence de la fracture de l’Histoire par une poétique de la fragmentation, dont le tout dresse un portrait obscène, monstrueux et carnavalesque de la formation d’États-nations contemporains. Cette écriture romanesque, qu’elle soit sous-continentale ou diasporique, résiste à toute forme de frontières (idéologiques, littéraires, commerciales, etc.), et se consolide par sa prise de position à la fois complexe et engagée. La poétique de fragmentation est amenée par des phénomènes linguistiques, littéraires, sociologiques et politiques. Ce corpus se compose de romans couvrant l’ensemble de la deuxième moitié du XXe siècle, publiés (chronologiquement) par Jyotirmoyee Devi, Anis Kidwai, Mumtaz Shah Nawaz, Attia Hosain, Amrita Pritam, Sophia Mustafa, Bapsi Sidhwa, Anita Rau Badami , Shauna Singh Baldwin Meena Arora Nayak, Sorayya Khan, Kamila Shamsie et Tahmima AnamThe Partition of India (1947) and the Bangladesh Liberation War (1971) are two transitory moments which reveal the violence of post-colonial nation-building. The acts performed upon an ethno-religious basis have given rise to many private stories, themselves stifled by self-legitimating national master narratives. These stories particularly highlight the instrumentalisation of the idea and the bodies of women in carrying out communal conflict. Three generations of women novelists have sought to break the silence imposed by patriarchal State apparatuses and religious radicalism. They turn to the impetuousness of the literary genre of the novel in order to thwart Indian, Pakistani and Bangladeshi master narratives. As such they write back to the violent fracture of History, through a poetics of the fragment, and together draw an obscene, monstrous and carnival-like portrait of contemporary Nation-States. Such novels, whether sub-continental or diasporic, resist all forms of borders (whether ideological, literary, commercial, etc.), driven instead by their commitment to contradiction. The fragmentation which defines them is all at once linguistic, literary, sociological and political. Our study comprises novels written (chronologically) by Jyotirmoyee Devi, Anis Kidwai, Mumtaz Shah Nawaz, Attia Hosain, Amrita Pritam, Sophia Mustafa, Bapsi Sidhwa, Anita Rau Badami , Shauna Singh Baldwin Meena Arora Nayak, Sorayya Khan, Kamila Shamsie and Tahmima Anam
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Wehella, Madura Mangalika. "School-based management initiatives in Sri Lanka : policy into practice." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2014. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/51349/.
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This thesis evaluates the policy intentions, practices and effects of two different types of School-Based Management (SBM) initiatives in Sri Lanka: the Programme for School Improvement (PSI) and the Child-Friendly Schools Initiative (CFSI). Moreover, it examines the similarities and differences between these two initiatives and, when they co-exist in the same school, the ways in which schools have integrated them. PSI is the national SBM initiative of Sri Lanka introduced to the schools during 2006-2011 following a prolonged process of designing and consensus building which started in the 1990s. Running parallel to PSI, the CFSI - a rights-based approach to education which also has SBM features - is being implemented in selected primary schools. The policy discourse of SBM/PSI focused on the proposition that schools should be empowered to meet the expectations of their communities and that the administrative decentralisation which had shifted power from national to provincial levels was not addressing adequately disparities between schools. At the same time, there was scepticism as to whether SBM would be able to address the issues of a heterogeneous school system. CFSI was introduced by UNICEF in response to the government's request to strengthen disadvantaged schools. The policy intentions of these two initiatives were investigated through interviews with key policy officials and with the representatives of development partner agencies who assisted PSI and CFSI. The influences of the policy-intents of PSI and CFSI on organisational practices, their effects, similarities, differences and complementarities were explored through six school case studies and experiences of the principals, teachers and parents. The thesis reveals that PSI is expected to empower schools with autonomy for making collaborative decisions, create a sense of ownership among the school community and permit improvement of schools. CFSI is intended to promote inclusiveness, child-centredness and democratic participation. They are both, in principle, guided by the concerns for ensuring equitable opportunities for all to learn, improving the quality of education which is judged by student learning outcomes and improving efficiency in resource allocation and use. At the school level, each case-study school has forged collaboration between school-parent-community and ensured democracy in decision-making. School-based decision-making is promoted by PSI through a set of Ministry guidelines and by CFSI through a participatory approach recommended by UNICEF and the Ministry, but having less official ‘force' than PSI. Both initiatives have influenced to increase parents' contribution in the school physical infrastructure development and in the educational projects. School-based planning has been promoted by both initiatives, and in some cases has resulted in the production of two separate plans. Some schools have combined these plans in accordance with the thematic structure of national Education Sector Development Framework. These initiatives have involved principals and teachers in decision-making, planning and implementation of programmes in collaboration with the community. The emphasis given to school-based teacher development is, however inadequate. Nonetheless, the increases in attendance and retention was influenced by CFSI rather than PSI, while both initiatives have had a positive influence by improving student learning and performance through various interventions at school and learning at home. The several ways in which these initiatives are integrated by schools, ensuring that each contributes towards filling the gaps left by the other are described. Considering their complementarities, the positive features of management in PSI and rights-based approach to education in CFSI in a rational manner, the author recommends an integrated ‘Learner-Friendly School-Based Management Model' which will effectively address learners' needs. It also recommends a methodology to pilot this model in Sri Lanka, thus putting the new knowledge produced by this research into practice.
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Mahmood, Zakia Jabeen. "A qualitative exploration into how UK Pakistani male immigrants deal with personal problems and stresses in everyday life /." Thesis, London Metropolitan University, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.571272.
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There is considerable research to suggest that South Asians residing in the United Kingdom have comparatively low rates of mental health service utilization. Whilst several possible explanations have been offered by researchers, including lack of available information, language barriers, and variations in help-seeking behaviour, existing studies have yielded inconclusive and contradictory results. Many of these have primarily employed culturally heterogeneous samples of South Asians, thereby failing to take into consideration distinct inter-cultural variations in terms oflanguage, history, migration patterns, religious and cultural practices, and acculturation. Additionally, a number of studies have predominantly •• focused on the experiences of South Asian women, thereby disregarding the perceptions and experiences of South Asian men. A large body of evidence, mainly quantitative in nature, has reported that men delay seeking help for a range of health issues. However, such studies have been criticised for embodying a distinctly white, middle class, Western male perspective of masculinity. Currently, there is a dearth of studies exploring the help-seeking experiences and world views of ethnic minority men. The current study hopes to address these particular gaps in the research. It seeks to give voice to a small, homogenous sample of first-generation Punjabi Pakistani men in order to gain a richer understanding of their coping experiences and how these influence their views and feelings about seeking psychological support. A qualitative approach was adopted. Seven first-generation, Punjabi Pakistani immigrant males (n = 7) aged between 21 and 35 were interviewed using semi-structured interviews.
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Arnaud, Martine. "Fiscalité et promotion des exportations de biens manufacturés : théorie et application au secteur du cuir au Bangladesh, en Inde et au Pakistan." Clermont-Ferrand 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994CLF10143.
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Harris, Diana. "Taking the mountain to Muhammad : an investigation into the reason for the problems in teaching music to Pakistani girls." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.364972.
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Atif, Salman. "Le bassin aval de l'Indus : un hydrosystème anthropisé sous l'influence des évènements extrêmes." Paris 7, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA070024.
Full textAbstract:
Le bassin de l’Indus est, depuis les civilisations anciennes de Moen-Jo-Daro et Harrapa, sous l'influence constante d'un processus d'anthropisation. Les pratiques d'irrigation et de gestion de l'eau ont évolué pour s'adapter à une population de plus en plus dépendante de cette ressource. De grandes retenues, des barrages de dérivation et des canaux d'irrigation sillonnent tout ce bassin fluvial. Ils forment un ensemble de contrôles anthropogéniques auxquels le chenal de la rivière a dû s'adapter au fil du temps. Cependant, lorsque de très grosses crues comme celles de 2003, 2005 et 2010 balayent le bassin de l’Indus inférieur, elles modifient le comportement naturel du fleuve. À certains endroits cela se traduit par de larges migrations du chenal, gagnant des secteurs pourtant éloignés et théoriquement hors d'atteinte des eaux, ce qui provoque de gros dommages aux biens et peut entrainer des pertes humaines importantes. De même, la zone septentrionale du delta de l’Indus, composante intégrale du paysage fluvial et bon indicateur de l'état sanitaire de la rivière, est en cours de détérioration du fait de l'anthropisation. Cette situation s'est au cours de la dernière décennie aggravée du fait des cyclones tropicaux, devenus de plus en plus violents. A partir d'une approche basée sur l'étude précise de secteurs donnés, ce travail a pour objectif d'évaluer l'évolution du style du chenal de l’Indus ainsi que ses causes possibles, en insistant particulièrement sur les effets des crues. En complément de ce travail vient s'ajouter une étude de l'intrusion des eaux marines dans le delta et dans le chenal fluvial principal, ainsi que les effets des cyclones le long du littoralThe Indus basin is under a constant process of anthropogenic evolution since the earliest human civiliza-tions of Moen-jo-Daro and Harrapa. Irrigation and water management practices have evolved to serve the purpose of its ever dependent population. Large dams, barrage, link and irrigation canals stretch across the entire river basin. These form a set of anthropogenic controls, to which the river channel adjusts over time. But as large floods such as those in 2003, 2005 and 2010 flow down the lower Indus basin they modify the natural evolutionary behavior of the stream. In a few places this can be channel migration far and off to highly inhibited land resulting in widespread devastation of property and loss of human lives. Similarly, as a result of anthropogenic controls in the north the river delta which is an integral component of fluvial landscape and an indicator of the river's health, tends to deteriorate, This situation is further aggravated by coastal cyclones which have gained momentum during the last decade. This study aims to use a nested reach style approach in an evaluation of the channel's planform and its possible causes with particular focus on the effects of floods. An additional component is the study of the extent of sea water intrusion into the main river channel and the effects of coastal cyclones