Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Individual Prospective'
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Sahu, Aparna A. "Individual Differences in Prospective Memory: The Roles of Handedness and Interhemispheric Interaction." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1289845482.
Full textMartin, Jessie D. "Cognitive control and prospective memory performance: A mediation approach." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/54324.
Full textAzzopardi, Barbara. "Le vieillissement de la mémoire prospective : mécanismes cognitifs sous-jacents et possibilités d’intervention cognitives." Thesis, Rennes 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013REN20049/document.
Full textProspective memory is a complex cognitive function requested to remember a planned action. For example, this function is particularly important in elderly people to remember taking medication at the appropriate time. Two key objectives were pursued in an interindividual differences approach. The first goal was to have a better understanding of prospective memory in aging people. Thus, we wanted to identify the cognitive mechanisms underlying the age-related decline in laboratory and naturalistic prospective memory tasks. The second goal was to estimate how prospective memory can be improved in elderly people. To that end, we performed four studies using samples of aging people. The results of the two first studies indicated that retrospective memory and executive control processes mediate the relation between age and prospective memory. In the third study, the results showed that elderly people compensated spontaneously some of their prospective memory problems using external memory aids. These studies allowed us to develop and to test a cognitive intervention program based on the reinforcement of retrospective memory, executive control processes, and metacognitive knowledge. The results indicated any effect of the intervention program on prospective memory performance. These suggest that individualized cognitive interventions focused on specific prospective memory problems would be more suitable than interventions designed to improve the global functioning of prospective memory in elderly people
Pennells, Lisa. "Assessing predictive ability using individual participant time to event data from multiple prospective studies : application to cardiovascular disease risk prediction." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.609800.
Full textMurphy, Megan J. "Sexual Assault-specific Bystander Behavior: Accounting for Opportunity in a Prospective Analysis of the Effects of Individual, Social Norms, and Situational Variables." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1389008840.
Full textMarchand, Erica J. 1977. "Predicting when adolescent risky sexual behavior does not co-occur with other problem behaviors: A prospective study of family, peer, and individual factors." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/11160.
Full textRisky sexual behavior (RSB) places adolescents at risk for unplanned pregnancy and sexually transmitted infection, and research is needed to understand the predictors of adolescent RSB and targets for future intervention. The current study used the social contextual model of problem behavior development to examine family, peer, and individual influences on adolescents' sexual behavior and the relationship between RSB and other problem behaviors. Data were previously collected from 998 adolescents and their families. First, I examined the level of agreement between adolescents' and parents' perceptions of family relationships, parental monitoring, and adolescents' friendships and which perceptions were more strongly related to adolescent problem behavior. Pearson bivariate correlations between parent and adolescent perceptions were small. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses indicated that adolescent report was a better predictor of problem behavior than was parent report. Second, I assessed whether positive family relations, parental monitoring, family conflict, and parent-adolescent communication about sex in earlier adolescence were related to RSB in later adolescence. Structural equation modeling results suggested that the timing and frequency of parent-adolescent communication about sex and parent monitoring in earlier adolescence were related to RSB in later adolescence among the sample as a whole; results varied somewhat by gender. Third, I examined participants' membership in four risk behavior groups in late adolescence (low problem behavior, RSB only, substance use only, and RSB plus substance use), identified family, peer, and individual factors that differentiated teens in each group, and explored differences by sex and ethnicity. Females were more likely than males to report engaging in a combination of RSB and patterned substance use, and African Americans of both sexes were more likely than European Americans to report engaging in RSB in the absence of other behaviors. The variable that most reliably distinguished among risk groups for both males and females was friend drug use in late adolescence. Discussion considers reasons for these findings and highlights the roles of parent monitoring, parent-adolescent communication about sex, and gender and sociocultural factors in RSB prevention.
Committee in charge: Ellen McWhirter, Chairperson, Counseling Psychology and Human Services; Joe Stevens, Member, Educational Methodology, Policy, and Leadership; Elizabeth Stormshak, Member, Counseling Psychology and Human Services; Anthony Biglan, Member, Not from U of O; Yvonne Braun, Outside Member, Sociology
Altgassen, Mareike, Anett Kretschmer, and Matthias Kliegel. "Task Dissociation in Prospective Memory Performance in Individuals With ADHD." Sage, 2014. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A35645.
Full textHermann, Bertrand. "Nouvelles approches diagnostiques et thérapeutiques pour les patients souffrant de troubles de la conscience Wisdom of the caregivers: pooling individual subjective reports to diagnose states of consciousness in brain-injured patients, a monocentric prospective study Unexpected good outcome in severe cerebral fat embolism syndrome." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUS638.
Full textAccurate diagnosis and treatment of consciousness disorders (DoC) remains a challenging issue. In this work, we introduced a new behavioral scale for DoC capitalizing on the wisdom of the crowd phenomenon, we validated the FDG-PET metabolic index of the best preserved hemisphere as one of the best neuro-imaging technique for minimally conscious state (MCS) diagnosis and proposed a new and reliable clinical sign of MCS, the habituation of auditory startle reflex. In addition to enriching and refining our repertoire of diagnostic procedures available for DoC diagnosis, our results support the interpretation of the generic and elusive MCS as a cortically-mediated state, which reflects the preservation of activity within specialized cortical networks and could include both conscious and non-conscious states. On the therapeutic side, by investigating the effects of prefrontal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on behavior and brain activity of patients suffering from DoC, we provided evidence for a genuine and direct cortical effect of the stimulation on consciousness through the modulation of residual cortical activity and cortico-cortical connectivity. Finally, in an attempt to develop theory-driven stimulation paradigms, we used tDCS and transcranial alternative stimulation to test predictions of the global neuronal workspace theory on conscious access in healthy subjects, with heterogeneous stimulation responses. Taken together, our results advocate for the systematic investigation of stimulation effect on brain activity and for the future development of more powerful and targeted stimulation procedures
Griffiths, A. "Prospective memory and future event simulation in individuals with alcohol dependence." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2011. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1324503/.
Full textGrilli, Matthew Dennis. "Self-Imagining, Recognition Memory, and Prospective Memory in Memory-Impaired Individuals with Neurological Damage." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/193396.
Full textPonchon, Aurore. "Comportements individuels et réponse des populations aux changements environnementaux : la mouette tridactyle comme modèle." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013MON20235/document.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to study individual behaviours linked to breeding habitat selection in a long-lived colonial seabird, the black-legged kittiwake, and to determine their importance in population responses to environmental changes occurring at different spatial and temporal scales. First, experimental approaches including GPS and satellite tracking of individuals allowed demonstrating that only failed breeders performed prospecting movements involving visits of other breeding areas. These movements were recorded from egg incubation to chick rearing at local spatial scales (<1 km) as well as large spatial scales (> 40km), in various environmental conditions. Then, a population dynamic model considering different dispersal strategies showed that contrarily to philopatry and random dispersal, personal and social information use by individuals favoured population persistence in the long-term. Finally, capture-recapture models highlighted indirect interactions between sampling designs of long-term surveys of marked individuals and behaviours linked to dispersal. These interactions can notably bias the estimation of demographic parameters such as annual survival rate. All our results demonstrate that breeding habitat selection and dispersal are complex but essential processes in the understanding of population functioning and they have to be considered in models predicting the dynamics, structure and persistence of populations in response to environmental changes
Arnold, Stacy J. "TDP-43 Deposition in Prospectively Followed, Cognitively Normal Elderly Individuals: A Correlative Study." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/281112.
Full textTAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43) has been heavily researched in recent years due to its involvement in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD). Numerous studies have also sought to investigate the frequency of TDP-43 deposition in other neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases, with very few studies focusing on the relationship of TDP-43 to pathological and clinical parameters within cognitively normal subjects. We sought to explore the deposition of TDP-43 and its relation to pathological and clinical parameters in a series of prospectively followed, cognitively normal, elderly individuals whom have come to autopsy. We screened thick, coronal sections of mesial temporal lobe; containing hippocampus and/or amygdalar regions from a series of 110 cognitively normal subjects (age range 71-100 years) using immunohistochemical methods for phosphorylated TDP-43. Consistent with previous results, we found a 36.4% incidence of pathologic TDP-43. Deposition was detected in the form of dendritic neurites, intranuclear inclusions, and perikaryal cytoplasmic neuronal inclusions. With respect to other concomitant pathologies commonly found in elderly individuals, cases with TDP-43 had a greater proportion of cases with argyrophilic grains (ARG) (40% vs. 18.6%). There was not greater prevalence or densities of other concomitant pathologies, including cerebral white matter rarefaction, incidental Lewy bodies, neurofibrillary tangles or amyloid plaques in TDP-43 positive cases. These results indicate deposition of TDP-43 occurs in a substantial subset of cognitively normal elderly subjects and is more common in those with argyrophilic grains.
Lepoittevin-Bergeot, Claudine. "Etude prospective de l'acceptabilité et de la faisabilité de la rectosigmoïdoscopie flexible comme examen de première intention dans le dépistage individuel du cancer colorectal." Caen, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991CAEN3107.
Full textMong-Hy, Cédric. "Le monde et Bataille. Études textuelles, contextuelles et prospectives." Thesis, La Réunion, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LARE0030/document.
Full textThe abstract is available in French only
Offerman, Jens. "Can internal and external load measures via Polar Vantage V predict training status in trained individuals? : - A prospective study during a normal and a heavy load training week." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Avdelningen för idrottsmedicin, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-163225.
Full textCollard, Blanche. "Effet de l’organisation spatiale intra-parcellaire des habitats sur le contrôle biologique par conservation : étude et modélisation des déplacements de dermaptères dans les bananeraies Spatial organisation of habitats in agricultural plots affects per-capita predator effect on conservation biological control: an individual based modelling study." Thesis, Avignon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AVIG0710.
Full textIn this thesis, we investigated whether - and how - the intra-plot spatial patterns of habitats favourable to generalist predators could influence the conservation biological control (CBC) through their foraging behaviour. The general approach of this work is based on a modelling approach guided by experiments on the earwig E. caraibea, a generalist predator in banana fields of Martinique. In an experiment in banana fields, we found that the abundance and activity of earwigs seemed to be influenced by habitat types: banana tree residues appeared to be particularly more favourable to earwigs than bare soil.We developed a spatially explicit and individual-based model (Foragescape) of the foraging movements of an earwig-like predator in a banana field - based on the favourable or unfavourable nature of habitats. We found that the per-capita predator effect was strongly affected by a spatial dilution of predators, induced by favourable habitat addition, but this negative effect could be partially or fully mitigated by their spatial organisation.A key hypothesis of the Foragescape model was found on earwigs in a mesocosm experiment: earwigs movements are slower and more sinuous on residues, a favourable habitat, than on bare soil, an unfavourable habitat. Therefore, the model's predictions on spatial organisation and CBC can to some extent be adapted to the earwigs in banana fields
Merz, Benedikt [Verfasser]. "Metabolic markers as determinants of future waist-gaining or hip-gaining phenotype in weight-gaining individuals – A targeted metabolomics approach in population-based prospective German cohort studies / Benedikt Alexander Merz." Bonn : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Bonn, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1107541786/34.
Full textMerz, Benedikt Alexander [Verfasser]. "Metabolic markers as determinants of future waist-gaining or hip-gaining phenotype in weight-gaining individuals – A targeted metabolomics approach in population-based prospective German cohort studies / Benedikt Alexander Merz." Bonn : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Bonn, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1107541786/34.
Full textBrown, Pamela. "Improving planning and prospective memory in a virtual reality setting : investigating the use of periodic auditory alerts in conjunction with goal management training on a complex virtual reality task in individuals with acquired brain injury." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2009. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/1226/.
Full textHoertel, Nicolas. "Effets des pathologies psychiatriques sur le risque de tentative de suicide : similitudes et différences selon l’âge au sein d’une cohorte en population générale Mental disorders and risk of suicide attempt: a national prospective study A dimensional liability model of age differences in mental disorder prevalence: evidence from a national sample Effects of psychiatric disorders on suicide attempt: similarities and differences between older and younger adults in a national cohort study A comprehensive model of predictors of suicide attempt in depressed individuals and effect of treatment-seeking behavior: results from a national 3-year prospective study." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCB007.
Full textPas de résumé
Rose-Dulcina, Kevin. "Caractérisation de l'asymétrie neuromusculaire des personnes souffrant de lombalgie chronique non-spécifique dentifying Subgroups of Patients With Chronic Nonspecific Low Back Pain Based on a Multifactorial Approach: Protocol For a Prospective Study Flexion-relaxation ratio asymmetry and its relation with trunk lateral ROM in individuals with and without chronic nonspecific low back pain Asymmetry of lumbar muscles fatigability with non-specific chronic low back pain patients." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019GREAS044.
Full textLow back pain (LBP) is the leading cause of disability worldwide since 1990. Its chronic form (lasting longer than 3 months) affects 10 to 15% of cases and represents 70 to 90% of the total cost of low back pain. Most LBP is classified as non-specific because the pain’s source cannot be precisely established in 85%–90% of cases. The need to identify subgroups of nonspecific chronic low back pain (NSCLBP) was highlighted by both clinicians and researchers in order to optimize therapeutic management. In this context, a project of NSCLBP subgroup identification based on a multifactorial approach has been established. Indeed, several factors contribute to the development and the persistence of NSCLBP. Alterations in the activity of the lumbar muscles have been suggested as one of these contributing factors. This doctoral work has focused on these alterations and represent a part of the subgroup identification project.Literature reported various alterations in the lumbar muscles activity of the NSCLBP patients during several tasks. Among these alterations, neuromuscular asymmetry between the left and right side was reported to influence muscle recruitment, rehabilitation and persistence of pain. These elements make neuromuscular asymmetry an important factor in understanding the pathophysiology of NSCLBP. However, few studies have investigated right / left asymmetry of lumbar muscle activity during functional tasks of the daily life. Studying this asymmetry would allow a better understanding of the pathophysiology of NSCLBP.This doctoral work aimed to characterise the neuromuscular asymmetry of NSCLBP patients in comparison with asymptomatic participants. To achieve this objective, several complementary studies were successively conducted.As a whole, this doctoral work highlights a global alteration of the activity of the lumbar muscles in NSCLBP patients during the four motor tasks studied. Most of these alterations aimed to enhance the stability of the spine but lead to potential long-term consequences. Neuromuscular asymmetry is one of these alterations but seems to be present only during maximal trunk forward bending. Considering the clustering project is mainly based on the alterations observed in the NSCLBP population, the integration of the asymmetry of the flexion-relaxation phenomenon may represent an interesting parameter in the process of identification of the subgroups. It would also be useful to extend the analysis to the abdominal and pelvis muscles as well as to evaluate the influence of the psychological parameters for a deeper understanding of these results
Lvovschi, Virginie-Eve. "Titration morphinique inhalée aux Urgences : modernisation de la prise en charge des douleurs sévères de l'adulte Targeting moderate pain in healthy volunteers by individual calibration of a nociceptive flexion reflex model Proposer un "modèle" de douleur provoquée par Electromyogramme pour optimiser les outils antalgiques aux urgences Nebulized versus intravenous morphine titration for the initial treatment of severe acute pain in the emergency department : study protocol for a multicenter, prospective randomized and controlled trial, CLIN-AEROMORPH Inhaled versus intravenous opioid dosing for the initial treatment of severe acute pain in the emergency department : pharmacological intermediate results of the CLIN-AEROMORPH french study Toward new eligibility criteria for ontravenous morphine in the French Emergency Department : Evaluation of physicians' bedside rationalization of opioid titration protocols Analysis of bedside determinisms leading to under-prescription of morphine titration in the Emergency Department : EPIMORPH study Medico-economic study of pain in an emergency department : a targeted literature review Opioid reflex at triage is not a solution for opioid-naive patients in emergency departments A systemic approach to complete the multimodal assessment model of pain Intravenous morphine titration to treat severe pain in the ED Morphine consumption is not modified in patients with severe pain and classified by the DN4 score as neuropathic Prise en charge de la douleur aiguë spontanée de l'adulte aux urgences." Thesis, Normandie, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020NORMR013.
Full textOur goal was to optimize the management of severe acute pain in emergency medicine. Intravenous morphine titration, which is currently the referent method, must be modernised to meet the new challenges of practice while at the same time, we must keep guaranteeing an unchanged risk-benefit balance in the fight against oligoanalgesia. Our work, described in this thesis, has been a cornerstone for the evaluation of a nebulized alternative solution to emergencies through 3 clinical studies, (AEROMORPH1, CLIN-AEROMORPH, EPIMORPH), and study of its contextualisation in literature. Work in healthy volunteers allowed us to establish a simple and accessible procedure for aerosol, of short duration (5 min), which can be repeated in titration procedures (every 10 min). Its feasibility is likely to be confirmed on our multicentre clinical study at a large scale and its efficacy, by a non-inferiority design of study is being evaluated. Pharmacological data in healthy volunteers and in patients confirm a blood morphine concentration close to the effective blood concentrations observed by intravenous administration (CLIN-AEROMORPH: 1-20 ng/ml), which is already a positive result demonstrated by our work. Moreover, regarding eligibility, our observational study, combined to a experiment about decision mechanisms, combined with the analysis of medico-economic data in literature, suggest the need to base its indication on more than just the simple VAS/NRS assessment at triage. In this work we showed that emergency practitioners’ practice today underlines their lack of adherence to the systematic initiation of intravenous morphine titration by patient self-assessment of severe pain (compliance with SFMU criteria 6 to 20%, re-assessment of VAS/NRS scores 61%). If nebulized morphine titration is only proposed as a starter for morphine titration without modernising the algorithms for opiate prescription decision in emergency protocols, it is likely that this new therapeutic proposal will only solve part of the current problem. Targeted pharmacological management, as individualised as possible, is more relevant than ever, with prescription of morphine titration according to the patient's typology, in addition to prioritisation by pain typology. By developing an original pain model in healthy volunteers, we have also highlighted profiles of "pain sensitive" and "enduring" patients, according to neurophysiological and biochemical data, that are certainly represented in daily clinical practice. Therefore, all these components should be taken into account to improve pain management in emergency medicine, with a more systemic vision and more dedicated studies using innovative evaluation methods, combining robust quantitative criteria with comprehensive qualitative criteria
Zhu, Yu-Chen, and 祝昱晨. "The Prospective of Investment in Mainland of China for Taiwan Individual." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/46064848022961258601.
Full text國立臺灣大學
財務金融學研究所
103
Concerning the difference of deposit rates between Taiwan and mainland of China, this paper gives a detailed profiling of the investment universe in mainland China and provides actionable investment advices to investors in Taiwan. Following Mr. Bashusong’ definition of the third wave in China’s asset management business, the paper analyzes various kinds of investment products including money market funds, P2P lending, bank’s wealth management products, trust products and equity-linked funds. This paper ends with the thorough analysis of Ant Financial owned by Alibaba Group, which benefits substantially from China’s booming asset management business. This paper aims to facilitate further understanding of mainland’s investment opportunities among Taiwan investors.
Correia, Nuno. "Perceived organisational support: A prospective proxy of the individual manager’s commitment to strategic decision-making in organisational context." Doctoral thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10071/8705.
Full textO objectivo deste projecto foi a concepção de um modelo que fornecesse possíveis explicações para o comportamento individual de gerentes e gestores em contexto organizacional, quando envolvidos na tomada de decisões estratégicas, mas também que previsse esse mesmo comportamento. O modelo proposto considera variáveis que estão relacionadas com cada indivíduo, tais como a experiência com resultados de tomadas de decisão e com o controlo que pensam exercer sobre os assuntos a decidir e sobre as variáveis relacionadas com fatores que resultam dos contextos organizacionais. O apoio da organização para a assunção de riscos que é percebido por cada indivíduo é considerado neste estudo como um indicador da percepção que cada um dos indivíduos tem dos riscos em que pode incorrer ele próprio, e, consequentemente, como um indicador do respetivo comportamento e da vontade desse indivíduo participar na tomada de decisões estratégicas organizacionais. Os dados obtidos através do questionário final, e as hipóteses definidas de acordo com o modelo proposto, foram analisados com recurso a modelos de equações estruturais. Os resultados sugerem que o modelo proposto é fundamentado e que o apoio organizacional à assunção de riscos dependerá também de outros determinantes que não tinham sido anteriormente considerados nem testados. Os resultados deste estudo permitirão aos gerentes e gestores a título individual e ainda às respectivas organizações, uma compreensão mais aprofundada das variáveis envolvidas na percepção dos riscos e nos comportamentos face aos riscos, proporcionando medidas adicionais de gestão de risco.
Nilsson, Eskil. "Individual and environmental risk factors for hand eczema in hospital workers." Doctoral thesis, 1986. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-100542.
Full textHärtill 4 uppsatser
digitalisering@umu
Bruce, A., I. E. Pacey, J. A. Bradbury, A. J. Scally, and B. T. Barrett. "Bilateral changes in foveal structure in individuals with amblyopia." 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/5894.
Full textFriant, Nathanaël. "Vers une école plus juste : Entre description, compréhension et gestion du système." Phd thesis, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00752087.
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