Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Individual costs'
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Head, Sareta Dobbs. "Costs of Treating Depression with Individual Versus Family Therapy." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2010. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/2842.
Schiltz, Joel. "Sunk costs at an individual level : the role of responsibility /." Ohio : Ohio University, 2004. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1103231637.
Veetaseveera, Jomphop. "Decentralized control design for synchronization of multi-agent systems with guaranteed individual costs." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021LORR0303.
The work of this thesis focuses on the synthesis and analysis of synchronization algorithms for multi-agent systems, with linear dynamics and fixed topology. By synchronization, we mean that the states of all agents evolve on the same trajectory from a certain time. Taking into account communication constraints, we propose decentralized control architectures, i.e. that use only local information. In a first part, we draw from game theory to propose a control law considering an individual satisfactory cost per agent. In order to facilitate the analysis, the synchronization problem is first reformulated as a stabilization problem. Then, conditions given in the form of Linear Matrix Inegalities allow to check if a gain profile corresponds to a satisfaction equilibrium or not. A set of gains is a satisfaction equilibrium when the individual cost of each agent is bounded by a given threshold. Furthermore, based on the output feedback control, a second result allows us to synthesize the gain of an agent assuming the gains of the other agents are known. The second part, dedicated to networks with clusters, is based on the Singular Perturbed Theory to present a control law more focused on large-scale networks. The objective is to provide a computationally efficient method to design control strategies that guarantee a certain limit on the cost of each cluster. Using a time-scale separation method, the control law design is separated into two parts: an internal and an external control. Their designs are done independently from each other and tend to reduce the computational load. Moreover, we show that the internal control affects the cost of the cluster only during a short period of time
Lee, Adrian David Banking & Finance Australian School of Business UNSW. "Active equity fund management: Benchmarking and trading behaviour." Publisher:University of New South Wales. Banking & Finance, 2009. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/43403.
Wu, Gi-Mick. "On handling costs and host choice in aphid-parasitoids: from individual behaviour to evolutionary patterns." Thesis, McGill University, 2011. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=103627.
L'exploitation des ressources impose un coût de manipulation pour capturer, poursuivre, ou tuer une ressource. Les coûts de manipulation devraient influencer les choix des animaux et conséquemment, la structure des communautés. Le comportement d'exploitation au niveau individuel pourrait ne pas être valide pour les communautés où plusieurs espèces interagissent. L'objectif de cette thèse est de déterminer les facteurs influençant le coût de manipulation chez les parasitoïdes de puceron (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Aphidiinae) et les conséquences pour le choix d'hôte au niveau individuel et des communautés. Des expériences en laboratoire sur le parasitoïde Aphidius colemani ont démontré que le coût de manipulation d'un hôte (Myzus persicae), diminue lorsque le ratio de taille parasitoïde:puceron augmente. De plus, la température de développement des parasitoïdes influence leur temps de manipulation en modifiant leur taille corporelle. Les défenses des hôtes devraient influencer le temps de manipulation des parasitoïdes, mais des expériences en laboratoire ont démontré que l'utilisation de sécrétions corniculaires par le puceron Sitobion avenae n'affecte pas le temps de manipulation du parasitoïde Aphidius rhopalosiphi. Ce résultat serait lié à la fonction altruiste des sécrétions corniculaires. Il semblerait donc que le ratio de taille consommateur:ressource soit le principal facteur influençant le coût de manipulation des parasitoïdes de puceron. Au niveau des communautés, cette relation devrait donner lieu à une corrélation positive entre la taille corporelle des parasitoïdes et de leurs hôtes. Des analyses comparatives ont démontré que le coût de manipulation n'est pas lié au ratio de taille consommateur:ressource à l'échelle de la communauté, mais que la taille corporelle des parasitoïdes et de leurs hôtes sont néanmoins positivement corrélées. Par contre, cette corrélation peut être attribuée complètement au passée évolutif (phylogénie) des animaux plutôt qu'à leur choix d'hôte. Cette thèse a démontré que la taille corporelle des pucerons et des parasitoïdes influence le coût de manipulation et le choix des hôtes des parasitoïdes, mais que ce résultat ne s'applique pas à l'échelle des communautés. Le choix d'hôte lorsque différentes espèces de puceron sont présentes serait plutôt expliqué par la phylogénie. Je discute des conséquences de ces résultats pour l'étude du comportement à plusieurs échelles.
Turaga, Rama Mohana Rao. "Spatial Resolution, Costs, and Equity in Air Toxics Regulation." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/16236.
Kazis, Richard Frank. "The costs of uneven development : an analysis of individual earnings loss among dislocated workers in deindustrializing industries." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/75507.
MICROFICHE COPY AVAILABLE IN ARCHIVES AND ROTCH.
Bibliography: leaves 78-83.
by Richard Frank Kazis.
M.C.P.
Everett, Michael D., and Michael W. Ramsey. "A Framework and Model for Estimating the Individual Benefits and Costs of Exercise for Long Run Health." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2009. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/4131.
Arving, Cecilia. "Individual psychosocial support for breast cancer patients : Quality of life, psychological effects, patient satisfaction, health care utilization and costs." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis : Univ.-bibl. [distributör], 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-7929.
Fischer, Timo. "European co-ordination of long-term care benefits: the individual costs of migration between Bismarck and Belveridge systems. Illustrative case studies." SFB International Tax Coordination, WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, 2004. http://epub.wu.ac.at/1728/1/document.pdf.
Series: Discussion Papers SFB International Tax Coordination
Hurskainen, S. (Sonja). "The roles of individual demographic history and environmental conditions in the performance and conservation of northern orchids." Doctoral thesis, Oulun yliopisto, 2018. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789526220888.
Tiivistelmä Populaation kasvunopeus riippuu siitä, kuinka monta yksilöä populaatioon syntyy ja kuinka monta yksilöä kuolee. Yksilöiden lisääntyvyyteen ja elossa säilyvyyteen puolestaan vaikuttavat monet ulkoiset ja sisäiset tekijät, kuten sää ja yksilön oma lisääntymishistoria. Kasvilla on rajallinen määrä resursseja, joten sen pitää tehdä kompromisseja eri elintoimintojen, esimerkiksi kasvun ja lisääntymisen, välillä. Klonaaliset kasvit voivat myös lisääntyä usealla tavalla: joko suvullisesti siemenistä tai kasvullisesti tuottamalla uusia versoja. Demografisten prosessien tutkimisessa pitkäaikaiset seuranta-aineistot ovat välttämättömiä. Pitkäaikaisseurannat voivat myös paljastaa uhanalaisen lajin populaation taantumisen syyt ja näistä seurannoista saatua tietoa voidaan soveltaa harvinaisten lajien, esimerkiksi kämmeköiden, suojelutoimien suunnittelussa. Tässä väitöskirjassa analysoin aineistoa kämmeköiden pitkäaikaisseurannoista Suomesta ja Virosta. Tavoitteenani oli arvioida ulkoisten ja sisäisten tekijöiden merkitystä pitkäikäisten kasvien menestykselle. Tulokset osoittavat, että kasvin menestys riippuu sekä yksilön omasta demografisesta historiasta että sen ympäristöstä. Eri säätekijöiden vaikutus tikankontin (Cypripedium calceolus) kasvuun ja kukkimiseen vaihteli Suomen ja Viron välillä, mutta lumen syvyys ja edellisen kasvukauden lämpötila nousivat merkittävimmiksi tekijöiksi molemmissa maissa. Tikankontin kasvu ja kukinta riippuivat kuitenkin säätä enemmän kasvin omasta demografisesta historiasta. Runsas lisääntyminen edeltävällä kasvukaudella vähensi lisääntymistä tulevalla kasvukaudella, mikä johti kaksivuotiseen jaksottaisuuteen tikankontin lisääntymisessä ja kasvussa. Tutkiessani dormanssia (lepotila, jossa kasvi ei tuota maanpäällistä versoa) kolmella kämmekkälajilla, tikankontilla, neidonkengällä (Calypso bulbosa) ja tummaneidonvaipalla (Epipactis atrorubens), havaitsin lisäksi, että todennäköisyys siirtyä dormanssiin riippui kasvin koosta. Myöskin tämän lepotilan aiheuttamat kustannukset olivat riippuvaisia kasvin aikaisemmasta tilasta. Isoilla kasveilla dormanssilla oli sekä suoria kustannuksia että kustannuksia suhteessa versomiseen. Pienillä kasveilla näitä kustannuksia ei ollut. Osoitan väitöskirjassani myös, että maltillisella puunpoistolla voidaan lisätä tikankonttipopulaatioiden siementuottoa ja versotiheyttä
Hermann, Daniel Dr [Verfasser], Holger [Akademischer Betreuer] Rau, Claudia [Gutachter] Keser, and Kilian [Gutachter] Bizer. "The influence of moral costs and heuristics on individual decision making: Five essays in behavioral economics / Daniel Dr. Hermann ; Gutachter: Claudia Keser, Kilian Bizer ; Betreuer: Holger Rau." Göttingen : Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1169912311/34.
Germain, Marion. "The links between dispersal and individual fitness : correlation or causality ? : exploring mechanisms using correlative and experimental approaches in a passerine bird species, the collared flycatcher." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Zooekologi, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-254731.
Joint PhD Uppsala, Lyon
Büttner, Benjamin [Verfasser], Gebhard [Akademischer Betreuer] [Gutachter] Wulfhorst, Yves [Gutachter] Crozet, and Michael [Gutachter] Wegener. "Consequences of sharp increases in mobility costs on accessibility : Suggestions for individual and public development strategies / Benjamin Büttner ; Gutachter: Yves Crozet, Michael Wegener, Gebhard Wulfhorst ; Betreuer: Gebhard Wulfhorst." München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1124590951/34.
Büttner, Benjamin Christoph [Verfasser], Gebhard [Akademischer Betreuer] [Gutachter] Wulfhorst, Yves [Gutachter] Crozet, and Michael [Gutachter] Wegener. "Consequences of sharp increases in mobility costs on accessibility : Suggestions for individual and public development strategies / Benjamin Büttner ; Gutachter: Yves Crozet, Michael Wegener, Gebhard Wulfhorst ; Betreuer: Gebhard Wulfhorst." München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1124590951/34.
Dalla, Via Nicola <1985>. "Three essays in behavioral management accounting." Doctoral thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/1254.
The aim of the dissertation is to contribute to the literature focused on issues related to the behavior of individuals involved in management accounting tasks. The work is composed by an introductory chapter and three empirical papers. Chapter 1 proposes a historical review of the studies on behavioral management accounting and control. Chapter 2 examines how the introduction of subjective performance measures in a biannual incentive system leads to evaluation biases. In particular, the findings show that supervisors’ performance evaluations are subject to a trade-off between an informative and a rewarding function. Chapter 3 investigates whether sticky cost behavior is recognized under different presentation formats. Finally, Chapter 4 studies how strategic decisions are influenced by the adoption of a causal chain in a balanced scorecard and by the introduction of different types of accountability (process vs. outcome).
Brožová, Tereza. "Children pay as you go system." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-192657.
Kun, Ka-yin April. "Coastal management in Hong Kong : individual workshop report /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1994. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B14014609.
Bevins, Bram Cassidy. "Employability of individuals with varying disabilities and costs of needed workplace accommodations." [Johnson City, Tenn. : East Tennessee State University], 2003. http://etd-submit.etsu.edu/etd/theses/available/etd-0326103-193755/unrestricted/BevinsB040303f.pdf.
Title from electronic submission form. ETSU ETD database URN: etd-0326103-193755. Includes bibliographical references. Also available via Internet at the UMI web site.
Redigolo, Jessica <1992>. "I Piani Individuali di Risparmio tra costi ed opportunità." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/13117.
Schiltz, Joel. "Sunk Cost at an Individual Level: The Role of Responsibility." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1103231637.
Nowalski, Jorge. "Employment problems in Costa Rica : individual and household effects and responses." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 1990. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1117/.
Studený, Marek. "Analýza vedlejších rozpočtových nákladů v závislosti na základních rozpočtových nákladech." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-227066.
Peter, Nicole A. "The effects of individual crop payments on the cost of food." Thesis, Kansas State University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/17739.
Department of Agricultural Economics
Hikaru Hanawa Peterson
This thesis focuses on the question of the effect of commodity pricing and Federal programs on the cost of food in the United States. For many decades the debate around subsidy payments has been argued in the halls of Congress and in farm fields across the country. Corn, wheat, and soybeans are the three largest crops subsidized in the United States today; arguably, the prices of these crops are influenced by subsidy payments. The goal of this thesis is to determine the effects of the prices of the top three subsidized crops on the thrifty market basket for families for four published by the USDA, factoring in transportation costs, market spread, agricultural technology advancements, and market value share. Previous studies have focused on direct subsidy payments as a whole and their aggregate influence on the price of food. This paper builds on the past studies by evaluating the effects of crop-specific programs on the cost of food. Econometric regression analysis was used to analyze the data gathered to support or refute the hypothesis that commodity prices and Federal payments do influence the cost of food. Initially data were gathered from January 1960 to December 2012. The data were adjusted for inflation using the Producer Price Index and Consumer Price Index where appropriate. After multiple attempts of modeling it was discovered that data from 1960 to 1970 needed to be discarded due to the difference in the market basket price calculations from the rest of the series. Furthermore, the model was adjusted based on the presence of multicollinearity, and the Hildreth-Lu Method was utilized to correct for the autocorrelation in error. The regression results illustrated that the only commodity of the three considered in the study that had a positive and statistically significant impact on the cost of food over the sample period was corn (p-value = 0.005). The coefficients on wheat and soybean prices were statistically insignificant. The historical fuel price had the expected positive sign and was statistically significant. The agricultural technology factor was not significant. The results also suggested that the cereal grains supply chain has significantly increased the cost of food. Both the cereal grain farm value share and the retail-to-farm spread for cereal grains were statistically significant (p-value < 0.000) with positive coefficients. The price spread of fruit was statistically significant, (p-value = 0.000), but the farm value was not. The regression results were initially surprising for the crop price variables. The overall analysis supports previous studies that crop subsidies alone may not have impacted food prices per se, but biofuel policies may have had unintended consequences. Crop-specific results provide more information to consider when discussing The Farm Bill and the implications of such a complicated and omnibus piece of legislation.
Kun, Ka-yin April, and 靳嘉燕. "Coastal management in Hong Kong: individual workshop report." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1994. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31258608.
Sendecka, Joanna. "Age, Longevity and Life-History Trade-Offs in the Collared Flycatcher (Ficedula albicollis)." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-7787.
Chiang, FuFan. "The Cost Effectiveness of Individual and Family Therapy for Schizophrenia in Managed Care." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2011. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/3085.
Souza, Cristiane Natalicio de. "Artesanato de tradição do tear em Resende Costa, MG: trabalho, produção e comércio." Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 2018. http://www.locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/22502.
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A presente tese analisa as configurações do trabalho artesanal domiciliar do tear, repassado desde o século XVIII e hoje tensionada entre a tradição e a modernização impulsionada pela ideologia do empreendedorismo individual, que é propagado por diversos atores e, notadamente, pelo poder público. Com esse propósito, são inicialmente, revisados elementos da história da tecelagem artesanal no estado de Minas Gerais e discutida a presença do trabalho artesanal no contexto atual da sociedade capitalista. Em seguida, com base no estudo empírico de caráter etnográfico, realizado na cidade histórica de Resende Costa, Minas Gerais, são examinados os mecanismos pelos quais a atividade do tear artesanal foi reinventada como tradição, celebrada como patrimônio e estimulada como base do desenvolvimento económico local, além de principal fonte da inserção social e econômica de diversos tipos de trabalhadores (não apenas os artesãos) e comerciantes. A partir das narrativas colhidas na pesquisa, são mapeadas as formas e relações de trabalho. bem como a hierarquia social da cadeia artesanal do produtor domiciliar ao empresário, e os espaços e tempos de produção e comercialização. A tese focaliza, em seguida, a ideologia e a prática do empreendedorismo individual, discutindo-as sob três perspectivas. Na primeira, são tomadas em consideração as estratégias dos artesãos em mobilizar potenciais locais em busca de condições de trabalho e vida. Na segunda, são destacados os esforços desses trabalhadores para reinventar a tecelagem artesanal de modo a valoriza-la como tradição local, conectando-a simultaneamente à modernidade e à sociedade—mercado global. Na terceira, o empreendedorismo individual é associado ao coletivo e à circulação de poderes na rede de produção e comércio de artefatos têxteis que configura mobilidades e mutações do trabalho artesanal. O estudo analisa a complexidade da tecelagem, revelando as fronteiras que são muitas vezes fluidas e que tencionam o ofício entre a tradição e a modernidade, o local e o global, o artesanal e o industrial, o trabalho manual e o capital comercial, o privado e o público, o individual e o coletivo, o patrimônio e a mercadoria. Conclui-se que, nessa rede dinâmica, o empreendedorismo individual tanto pode ser a expressão da subordinação do trabalhador no capitalismo de economia flexibilizada, quanto pode assumir a condição de estratégia e resistência. Palavras-chave: Trabalho artesanal. Ofício. Tradição. Empreendedorismo individual. Redes Coletivas.
This thesis analyzes the configurations of the Ioom's home-made work, passed down from the eighteenth century and today tensioned between tradition and modernization driven by the ideology of individual entrepreneurship propagated by various actors and notably by the public power. With this purpose, we initially reviewed elements of the history of artisanal weaving in the state of Minas Gerais and discussed the presence of artisanal work in the current context of capitalist society. Then, based on the empirical study of ethnographic character, carried out in the historic city of Resende Costa, the mechanisms by which the artisanal loom was reinvented as a tradition, celebrated as patrimony and stimulated as a basis for local economic development, were examined. the main source of the social and economic insertion of various types of workers (not just artisans) and merchants. From the narratives collected in the research, work forms and relationships were mapped, as well as the social hierarchy of the artisan chain of the home producer to the entrepreneur, the spaces and times of production and oommercialization. The thesis then focuses on the ideology and practice of individual entrepreneurship, discussing them from three perspectives. In the first, the artífices of artisans are taken into account in mobilizing potential Iocalities in search of working and living conditions. Secondly, the efforts of these workers to reinvent weaving in order to value it as a local tradition, while simultaneously connecting it with modernity and the global market society, are highlighted. In the third, individual entrepreneurship is associated with the collective and the circulation of powers in the network of production and trade of textile artifacts that configure mobilities and mutations of artisanal work. In this dynamic network, individual entrepreneurship can both be an expression of the subordination of the worker in flexible economy capitalism, as well as assuming the condition of strategy and resistance. The identification of these three perspectives in the study allowed us to consider the complexity and tensions of textile weaving. These are revealed in the frontiers where they are and sometimes friction craft I tradition and modernity; local and global; craftsmanship and industry; manual labor and commercial capital; private and public; individual and collective; patrimony and merchandise. keywords: Craft work. Oficio. Tradition. Individual entrepreneurship. Collective networks.
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Ramos, Gómez Geancarlo Enzo. "Diseño de un congelador continuo individual IQF con una capacidad de 200 Kg/hr de espárragos." Bachelor's thesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2013. http://tesis.pucp.edu.pe/repositorio/handle/123456789/5461.
Tesis
Taylor, Michael D. "Calibration and Characterization of Low-Cost Fine Particulate Monitors and their Effect on Individual Empowerment." Research Showcase @ CMU, 2016. http://repository.cmu.edu/dissertations/932.
De, Angelis Gino. "The Cost-effectiveness of an Adapted Community-based Aerobic Walking Program for Individuals with Mild or Moderate Osteoarthritis of the Knee." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/23129.
Evans, Christopher Charles Law Faculty of Law UNSW. "The operating costs of taxing the capital gains of individuals : a comparative study of Australia and the UK, with particular reference to the compliance costs of certain tax design features." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. Law, 2003. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/20738.
Saramago, Goncalves Pedro. "Methodological issues in the analysis of individual- and aggregate-participant level data for cost effectiveness analysis." Thesis, University of York, 2012. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/2933/.
Heiden, Erin Ose. "Injuries among individuals with pre-existing spinal cord injury: understanding injury patterns, burdens, and prevention." Diss., University of Iowa, 2013. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/1624.
Flaig, Julien. "A simulation based approach to individual vaccination behavior." Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSE2056/document.
We tackle the issue of including individual vaccination decisions in epidemiological models. We draw on the example of Measles vaccination, and we focus on strategic interactions and anticipatory behavior. We contribute to a fuller account of such behaviors by developing a modeling approach intended as a tool for practitioners and theorists.In Chapter 1, we show how the interplay between individual anticipatory vaccination decisions and the otherwise biological dynamics of a disease may lead to the emergence of recurrent patterns. We consider a Measles-like outbreak, rational and far-sighted individuals, vital dynamics, and waning vaccine efficacy. This chapter illustrates the versatility of our approach. For comparison, we provide results for individuals with adaptive behavior.In Chapter 2, we investigate the effect of anticipatory behavior in a scenario where Measles vaccination becomes mandatory. When mandatory vaccination is announced in advance, we show that individuals may alter their vaccination behavior, thus causing an increase in prevalence before Measles is ultimately eradicated. These transition effects lead to non negligible welfare differences between generations. We consider an anti-vaccinationist subpopulation with a higher vaccination cost, and exhibit scenarios where anti-vaccinationists are among those who benefit the most from mandatory vaccination.In Chapter 3, we discuss whether coalitions of vaccinating individuals can account for the relatively high vaccination coverages observed in developed countries. We explain why and how retaliation concepts usually found in repeated games can be used in the context of vaccination, even though individuals vaccinate only once. This allows us to model how vaccinating individuals might retaliate against those who refuse vaccination. We show that retaliation threats can sustain vaccination where it would otherwise be suboptimal for individuals
Dahirel, Maxime. "Déterminants individuels et environnementaux de la dispersion chez une espèce hermaphrodite, l'escargot Cornu aspersum." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014REN1S068/document.
Dispersal behaviours, i.e. movements leading to gene flow in space, play a key role in many ecological and evolutionary processes. Terrestrial gastropods are simultaneous hermaphrodites and have an extremely high cost of locomotion, a seldom studied combination of traits which makes them very valuable to investigate the links between dispersal and other life-History traits. During this project, we investigated (i) the complex relationships and trade-Offs between dispersal behaviour, growth, male and female reproduction in the anthropophilous brown garden snail Cornu aspersum, (ii) how its dispersal and exploration vary as a function of competition and environmental heterogeneity, (iii) how dispersal ability coevolved with other traits at the interspecific level. This snail presents a male-Biased subadult phase of varying duration before reaching adulthood and hermaphroditism. Dispersal behavior was mostly expressed during this subadult stage, and its decrease in adults was linked to investment in the female function. Brown garden snail dispersal is highly density-Dependant: snails leave crowded sites and settle readily in low-Density patches, a strategy that facilitates colonization and persistence in spatio-Temporally variable environments. Their movement propensity increases in urban, fragmented habitats, despite the higher costs of movement. At the interspecific level, dispersal and ecological generalism are linked in a dispersal syndrome, which makes specialist species doubly vulnerable, but increases success odds of generalists in heterogeneous landscapes . This combination of traits is likely to have played a major role in the successful worldwide colonization of many anthropogenic landscapes by this species
Ballard, Jaime Elizabeth. "Cost-Effectiveness of Treating Pervasive Developmental Disorders: A Comparison by Treatment Modality." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2013. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/3925.
GHIANI, GIOVANNA MARIA. "Composizione corporea, nutrizione personalizzata e costo energetico della corsa: studio longitudinale su una popolazione di individui fisicamente attivi." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11584/266378.
Billman, Eric J. "Changes in Life History within an Individual's Lifetime." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2011. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/2667.
Hosking, Jeremy G. "Elucidating the neurobiology and individual differences of cost/benefit decision making using a novel rat task of cognitive effort." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/50489.
Medicine, Faculty of
Graduate
Phillips, Tangela Nichole. "The cost of being me assessing the individual consequences of compliance with perceived pressure to assimilate in work roles /." Orlando, Fla. : University of Central Florida, 2008. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/CFE0002499.
Heyns, Andries Dirk Michiel. "Applying theory of constraint to create overall benefits for individual Distell wineries." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/6386.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Distell Group limited is South Africa's leading producer and marketer of fine wines, spirits and ready-to-drinks. The wine division has been confronted with limitations on pressing capacity for a number of years. Sales of Distell wine brands are projected to grow substantially, in particular in the premium and super premium categories. Therefore a need for increase sUstainable supply of wine was created. The objective of this study was to increase the throughput in Distell wineries significantly, without or with minimal cash investment, by applying the principles of a combined supply chain strategy. To achieve this, the study needed to allow for the analysis of various scenarios, and indicate where the various constraints were within the process. Theory of constraint, which is a management philosophy aiming to continually achieve more of the system's goal was applied to the Distell situation. The focus points were to create value for the organisation, with collaboration between grape farmers and the wineries. It was necessary to follow a process of data capturing, and the data obtained from the various sources in 2008 was combined into one database to develop a capacity evaluation model. There is no doubt that the Distell wineries as a group, improved their efficiency over the last number of years, with effective management of the individual wineries. There is however enough evidence to support the change to a combined supply chain strategy, which could unlock more total benefits than the individual management. It is clear from the findings in this study that not all the current available capacity is fully utilised. This study found that the white process in Distell was working at a higher than required rate of the set capacity targets, and would need substantial capital investment to increase throughput. The red process indicated opportunities for increase throughput in the total system. It is possible to increase total throughput and maintain quality for Distell wineries.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Distell is een van Suid Afrika se grootste produseerders en bemarkers van hoe gehalte wyn, spiritus produkte en alkoholiese drankies. Die wynkelder omgewing ervaar al vir 'n geruime tyd kapasiteit tekorte. Die vraag na Distell wynhandelsmerke verwag om 'n konstante groei te toon oor die volgende paar jare, veral op die premium en super premium katogoriee. Oit veroorsaak 'n groeiende behoefte vir die volhoubare voorsiening van wyn, binne die maatskapy. Die doel van die studie was om produksie te verhoog binne die Distell kelders, met min of geen kapitale beleging, deur 'n holistiese strategie te volg ten opsigte van die bestuur van die waardeketting. Die studie het verskeie alternatiewe ondersoek met die doe I om die beperkings in die proses te identifiseer en te ontleed. Die bestuurs filosofie 'Theory of constraint' is toegepas, waar daar gestreef word om meer te bereik, van die mikpunt wat ge5tel is vir 'n spesifieke proses. Die hoofdoel van die maatskapy was om waarde te skep, deur samewerking tussen druiwe produsente en die verskiliende Distell kelders. Die nodige data vir die ontleding van die beskikbare kapasiteit is verkry gedurende die 2008 seisoen. Die inligting is saamgevoeg in een data-stel, en 'n kapasiteitsmodel is ontwikkel. Daar is geen twyfel dat Disteli kelders as 'n groep hul doeltreffenheid verbeter het, deur die individueele prosesse te bestuur. Die studie lewer egter genoeg bewyse dat daar 'n groter potensieeHe voordeel is, indien die proses op 'n holistiese waardekettingstrategie bestuur sal word. Die studie lewer bewyse dat die huidige beskikbare kapasiteit nog nie optimaal benut word nie. Die verwerking van druiwe in die witwyn proses vind plaas teen 'n hoer kapasiteitsbenutting as wat waarvoor beplan was. Om enige verdere witdruiwe volumes te hanteer, sal tot groot kapitale besteding lei. Die rooiwyn proses wys daar is ruimte vir verbetering, sonder groot kapitale spandering. Die studie het gevind dat die totale proses meer volumes rooidruiwe kan hanteer, en steeds voldoen aan die nodige kwaliteit vereistes.
Ferreira, Neto Guilherme. "Modelagem e desenvolvimento de prótese de mão mecatrônica com acionamento individual de dedos." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2017. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/7858.
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Among the parts of the body, the hand is one of the most important for the humans because of their versatility and ability to manipulate objects. Many people do not have this member, either congenital malformation or necessity of amputation which make their day by day hardy. The existing comercial prosthesis have high costs making it inusual for a signifcative part of patients, on the other hand, there are at Internet communities to develop more accessible hand prostheses, for manufacturing by 3D printing but, It generally use unefficient activation methods. The target of this study is to develop the mechanical structure of a prosthesis hand with individual drive for each fingers, which can be make by using 3D printing, making it the most accessible price and the most efficient prosthesis when compared with current ones. For this, a mathematical model that describes the motion of the robotic finger will be determined. This finger has as actuator, DC motors, coupled to gears which in by their self are coupled in arms. The results will be checked by comparing the movements performed bettewen a prototype of the prosthesis and the determined mathematical model. It is expected that the prosthesis proposed by this research is the structural base for future stages of the development of a full prosthesis activated by voice command.
Dentre os membros motores, a mão tem grande importância para os seres humanos devido à sua versatilidade e capacidade para manipular objetos. Muitas pessoas não têm este membro, seja por má formação ou por amputação, o que dificulta na execução das atividades cotidianas. As próteses comerciais existentes têm custo elevado inviabilizando a utilização para a maioria das pessoas que dela necessita, por outro lado, existem comunidades na internet que desenvolvem próteses de mão acessíveis, via processo de fabricação por manufatura aditiva, porém, geralmente com métodos de acionamento pouco eficientes e pouco ergonômicas. Este estudo apresenta o desenvolvimento da estrutura mecânica de uma prótese de mão com acionamento individual dos dedos. Para isso, é desenvolvido o modelo matemático que descreve o movimento do dedo robótico que tem como acionadores, motores de corrente contínua, acoplados a engrenagens que por sua vez estão conectadas a braços de movimento. É realizado um estudo cinemático do movimento dos dedos, além de simulação computacional para a estrutura mecânica proposta. Também foi construído um protótipo virtual parametrizado para checar a viabilidade de execução da mecânica proposta. A prótese proposta por esta pesquisa será a base estrutural para etapas do desenvolvimento de uma prótese acionada por comando de voz.
Henderson, Evan B. "Establishing Identity in Low-Cost Homes: Increasing Inhabitant Self-Esteem and Life Satisfaction through Ownership, Control, and Perception." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1277139409.
Jetté, Jonathan. "Une étude compréhensive des coûts d’une intervention Logement d’abord pour les individus avec consommation problématique et un historique d’itinérance, incluant une analyse des facteurs influençant la variation des coûts." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/37017.
Springer, Matthew Thomas. "DISPERSAL BEHAVIOR OF WHITE-TAILED DEER IN AN AGRICULTURAL LANDSCAPE." OpenSIUC, 2017. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/dissertations/1389.
Shi, Yuxi. "Cost-effectiveness of the individual placement and support model of supported employment for people with severe mental illness: results from a Canadian randomized trial." Thesis, McGill University, 2012. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=106489.
IntroductionPlusieurs études ont démontré que le modèle de soutien à l'emploi « Individual Placement and Support » (IPS - Placement et soutien individuels) constitue une méthode efficace pour aider un grand nombre de personnes qui ont des troubles graves de santé mentale à obtenir et conserver un emploi régulier. Ces études incluent une étude expérimentale menée à Montréal, Canada. Très peu d'études, toutefois, ont évalué la coût-efficacité de IPS en comparaison avec des services traditionnels. Objectif Évaluer la coût-efficacité du modèle IPS en comparaison avec des services d'insertion socio-professionnelle habituels, en utilisant des données de l'étude montréalaise. Méthodes Au total, 149 adultes sans emploi et ayant des troubles mentaux graves furent répartis de façon aléatoire entre un programme IPS et des services habituels, et suivis pendant 12 mois. Les coûts furent estimés à partir des perspectives du système de santé et de services sociaux, du gouvernement et de la société. L'efficacité a été évaluée au moyen de deux variables: les heures en emploi régulier et les revenus de ces emplois. Une analyse coût-efficacité fut menée, en utilisant le cadre bénéfice net (net benefit framework). Une analyse de sensibilité fut effectuée pour tenir compte de la différence entre les deux groupes entre leurs jours d'hospitalisation au cours de l'année précédant leur entrée dans l'étude. Résultats IPS domine les services habituels avec de bien meilleurs résultats au niveau de l'emploi compétifi et des coûts moyens moindres, qu'importe la perspective économique. IPS semble plus coût-efficace que les services habituels même si le décideur n'est prêt qu'à payer un faible montant pour une amélioration dans les résultats au niveau de l'emploi. Si on ne retient que les clients qui n'avaient aucun jour d'hospitalisation pendant l'année précédant l'entrée dans l'étude, les sujets du groupe IPS coûtent nettement plus cher en moyenne que ceux des services habituels, mais toujours avec des résultats meilleurs au niveau de l'emploi compétitif. Du point de vue du systèeme de santé et services sociaux, les ratios coût-efficacité incrémentaux qui en résultent sont de 155,73 $ par heure d'emploi compétitif additionnelle et 20,12 $ par dollar additionnel de revenus compétitifs. Conclusions Dans cette étude, IPS s'est révélé coût-efficace en comparaison avec les services habituels, quoique la différences entre les groupes au niveau des jours d'hospitalisation à l'entrée atténue la force de cette conclusion.
Alvarez, de Araya Sanhueza Pablo. "Efecto del tipo de dieta en el desarrollo esqueletal mandibular de individuos arqueológicos de la costa y del valle de Arica." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2009. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/135122.
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Se seleccionó una muestra de telerradiografías de 22 individuos arqueológicos de la cultura de Arica, que se subdividen en 12 pertenecientes al grupo denominado Costa (7 hombres y 5 mujeres) y 10 pertenecientes al grupo denominado Valle (5 hombres y 5 mujeres. La estimación de edad está en el rango entre 18 y 25 años. Las teleradiografías fueron obtenidas del archivo perteneciente al Departamento de Genética Humana de la Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad de Chile. El propósito del estudio fue establecer diferencias en la estructura ósea mandibular determinadas por una mayor o menor función muscular, definida por la consistencia de la dieta propia de cada grupo, mediante tres medidas angulares del análisis cefalométrico de Ricketts: altura facial inferior, ángulo del plano mandibular y arco mandibular. Además, se establecieron las tendencias de las variables comparándolas entre sí. Para el parámetro arco mandibular, se encontraron promedios mayores con diferencias significativas en los individuos que presentaban una consistencia de dieta más dura, y que por ende poseen un estímulo funcional muscular mayor. Respecto al ángulo del plano mandibular, se establecieron diferencias significativas entre los grupos de la costa y del valle en donde el aumento del ángulo del plano mandibular se asoció a individuos con una dieta más blanda, y por lo tanto, una estimulación muscular menor. En relación a la altura facial inferior, no fueron encontradas diferencias significativas al comparar individuos arqueológicos. Además, se realizaron análisis de tendencias en donde, de manera general, podemos decir que: La variable arco mandibular se comporta como una variable independiente a los cambios en magnitud de las variables ángulo del plano mandibular y altura facial inferior, lo que determina el cambio en la forma mandibular, generado por una mayor fuerza muscular, no se ve alterado por la posición que tenga la mandíbula al relacionarse con el macizo craneofacial. La relación que existe entre los individuos arqueológicos es de covariación significativa entre un aumento del plano mandibular, que se acompaña de un aumento de la altura facial inferior.
Bergman, Nordgren Lise. "Individually tailored internet-based cognitive behavioural therapy for anxiety disorders." Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, Psykologi, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-100969.
Rädsla är en medfödd känsla och en adaptiv respons för att skydda organismen från potentiell skada. När rädslan blir överdriven och oproportionerlig i relation till den konfronterade situationen, kan det leda till utvecklandet av ångestsyndrom. Många personer upplever någon gång ångest, men inte alla upplever klinisk ångest eller uppfyller de diagnostiska kriterierna för något ångestsyndrom. Trots detta är ångest det vanligaste psykiatriska tillståndet i befolkningen i stort och oftast uppfyller personer som lider av ett ångestsyndrom även andra psykiatriska tillstånd. Till dags dato har både kognitiva och beteendeinriktade behandlingar testats och visat sig verksamma vid ångestproblem, vilket gjort dem till de behandlingar som rekommenderas för dessa tillstånd. Trots god effekt av behandling söker många patienter ändå inte hjälp, alternativt erhåller inte adekvat behandling. En vanlig kritik mot den forskning från vilka behandlingsrekommendationerna för ångestsyndrom stammar är att många använt en manual eller ett protokoll som riktar sig mot bara en diagnos. Detta på grund av den stora komorbiditeten. Ett annat problem kopplat till rekommendationerna att kognitiv beteendeterapi (KBT) ska vara förstahandsval vid behandling av ångest är bristen på behandlare med adekvat utbildning. Ett möjligt sätt att göra KBT mer tillgängligt är att använda Internet. Internet- förmedlad KBT (IKBT) har prövats i ett stort antal studier de senaste 15 åren dessa har visat positiva resultat vid ett stort antal psykiatriska tillstånd. Flertalet av dessa studier har dock använt ett enda behandlingsprotokoll. En annan möjlighet att hantera komorbiditet kan vara att skräddarsy behandlingen för att låta patientens egenskaper och preferenser vara med och styra utformningen av behandlingsprotokollet. Möjliga effekter av att skräddarsy IKBT är relativt lite undersökt, likaså effekterna av terapeutiska relationer i IKBT samt klinisk effektivitet och kostnadseffektiviteten för dessa behandlingar. Denna avhandling bygger på tre studier från två randomiserade kontrollerade studier med samma uppsättning av moduler tillgängliga för att skräddarsy behandlingsprotokollen. I Studie I undersöktes behandlingseffekter upp till två år efter avslutad behandling i en självrekryterad grupp patienter. Studie II var en sekundäranalys av behandlingsgruppen från Studie I där eventuella samband mellan arbetsallians och behandlingsresultat undersöktes. Den andra randomiserade kontrollerade studien var en prövning av huruvida denna behandling var effektiv för en klinisk population (Studie III) rekryterad via primärvården. Förutom behandlingseffekter undersöktes även kostnadseffektiviteten upp till ett år efter behandlingsavslut. De slutsatser som dras utifrån dessa studier är att skräddarsydd IKBT verkar vara en framkomlig väg för patienter med ångest oavsett komorbiditet, att arbetsalliansen kan vara en faktor som påverkar utfallet, samt att det är ett ansvarsfullt val vad gäller samhälleliga kostnader.
Adams, Kirk. "Journeys Through Rough Country: An Ethnographic Study of Blind Adults Successfully Employed in American Corporations." Antioch University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=antioch1552066999409903.