Academic literature on the topic 'Indirect Searches'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the lists of relevant articles, books, theses, conference reports, and other scholarly sources on the topic 'Indirect Searches.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Journal articles on the topic "Indirect Searches"
1
Barish, Barry C. "Indirect searches for dark matter." Nuclear Physics B - Proceedings Supplements 77, no. 1-3 (May 1999): 398–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0920-5632(99)00449-1.
Full text
2
CIRELLI, MARCO. "Indirect searches for dark matter." Pramana 79, no. 5 (October 27, 2012): 1021–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12043-012-0419-x.
Full text
3
Donato, Fiorenza. "Indirect searches for dark matter." Physics of the Dark Universe 4 (September 2014): 41–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dark.2014.06.001.
Full text
4
Aguilar Sánchez, Juan Antonio. "Indirect Searches for Dark Matter with IceCube." EPJ Web of Conferences 207 (2019): 04006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201920704006.
Full textAbstract:
The nature of dark matter remains one of the unsolved questions in modern cosmology and to understand its properties different experimental avenues are being explored. Indirect searches make use of the annihilation or decay products of dark matter as tracers to prove its existence. Unlike direct detections methods, indirect searches do not require specialized detectors as existing astro-particle experiments and facilities can be used to search for signatures of dark matter. Among the decay and annihilation products, neutrinos offer a unique way to search for dark matter since their low cross-section makes them capable of escaping from environments in which gamma rays will be absorbed, like the Sun or the Earth. The IceCube neutrino telescope is not only an excellent astro-particle detector, it also has lively program on dark matter searches with very competitive and complementary results to direct detection limits. These proceedings review the latests results of IceCube regarding the indirect search of dark matter with neutrinos.
5
BIGI, I. I. "Indirect Searches for Very Heavy Quarks." Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 518, no. 1 The Fourth Fa (December 1987): 75–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1987.tb48808.x.
Full text
6
IBARRA, ALEJANDRO, DAVID TRAN, and CHRISTOPH WENIGER. "INDIRECT SEARCHES FOR DECAYING DARK MATTER." International Journal of Modern Physics A 28, no. 27 (October 30, 2013): 1330040. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x13300408.
Full textAbstract:
Numerous observations point towards the existence of an unknown elementary particle with no electromagnetic interactions, a large population of which was presumably produced in the early stages of the history of the Universe. This so-called dark matter has survived until the present day, accounting for the 26% of the present energy budget of the Universe. It remains an open question whether the particles comprising the dark matter are absolutely stable or whether they have a finite but very long lifetime, which is a possibility since there is no known general principle guaranteeing perfect stability. In this paper, we review the observational limits on the lifetime of dark matter particles with mass in the GeV–TeV range using observations of the cosmic fluxes of antimatter, gamma-rays and neutrinos. We also examine some theoretically motivated scenarios that provide decaying dark matter candidates.
7
Grefe, Michael. "Indirect searches for gravitino dark matter." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 375, no. 1 (July 30, 2012): 012035. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/375/1/012035.
Full text
8
Medici, Morten. "Indirect Dark Matter Searches with IceCube." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1342 (January 2020): 012074. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1342/1/012074.
Full text
9
Muñoz, Carlos. "Indirect dark matter searches and models." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 692 (November 2012): 13–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2012.01.053.
Full text
10
Gorbunov, Dmitry, and Inar Timiryasov. "Testing ν MSM with indirect searches." Physics Letters B 745 (May 2015): 29–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2015.02.060.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Indirect Searches"
1
Palacio, Navarro Joaquim. "Indirect dark matter searches: MAGIC & CTA." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/462764.
Full textAbstract:
Després de dècades d'observacions, és evident que les partíicules del model estàndard són insuficients per explicar el fort desequilibri gravitacional observat a diverses regions astronòmiques,
de diferents escales cosmològiques, des de satèl·lits de la Via Làctia fins a cúmuls de galàxies.
Si bé és veritat que algunes teories suggereixen a una modificació de les lleis gravitacionals actuals, l'existència d'una partícula (o un grup de partícules) nova, interaccionant de forma feble amb les partícules del model estàndard està considerada com l'opció més viable. Estimacions recents prediuen que aquest tipus de matèria fosca és 4 vegades més present que la matèria del model estàndard, modelant així la formació de les grans estructures de l'univers al llarg de la vida d'aquest.
Un escenari general de la matèria fosca és el dels WIMPs, partícules genèriques massives, amb masses entre pocs GeVs i alguns TeV, interaccions de l'ordre de les interaccions dèbils del model estàndard, i o bé estables o amb temps de vida mitjana prou llargs. L'escenari WIMP ha estat llargament debatut, i té l'avantatja d'estar a l'abast dels instruments més potents construïts a la terra, proporcionant així possibles deteccions independents que podria validar el descobriment.
En particular em centro en cerques indirectes de matèria fosca, on s'espera que WIMPs anihilats o decaient emetin rajos gamma amb energies detectables per telescopis IACT, com per exemple els telescopis MAGIC, actualment operant des de La Palma o la futura xarxa de telescopis CTA.
El senyal esperat de rajos gamma d'aquesta matèria fosca pot ser moderadament extensa, comparada amb el camp de visió dels IACTs, cosa que afegeix certa complexitat a les cerques de matèria fosca realitzades per a aquests telescopis.
En aquesta tesi, he contribuït a l'esforç realitzat per MAGIC en cerques indirectes de matèria fosca a diferents nivells d'analisis. He desenvolupat una eina per gestionar volums massius de dades que són típicament generats per MAGIC, però també per tota la comunitat experimental de física d'altes energies. També he desenvolupat un MonteCarlo per a fonts extenses que s'ajusta a l'emissió esperada de la font, obtenint així les funcions correctes de resposta de l'instrument. Finalment, un mètode per a optimitzar la configuració d'apuntat durant les observacions de fonts moderadament extenses amb IACTs ha estat proposat. El mètode té en compte la resposta finita dels IACTs al llarg de tot el camp de visió per a proporcionar la distància òptima a la qual el telescopi ha d'apuntar a la font, així com, quina seria la regió d'integració més adient. Apliquem aquest mètode per primera vegada a cerques de matèria fosca en galàxies satèl·lits de la Via Làctia. També exposo la meva contribució al telescopi més gran que operarà a CTA, el LST, que dominarà la sensibilitat de cerques de WIMPs estàndard.
Límits a la secció eficaç i/o temps de vida mitjana són imposats mitjançant 60 hores d'observació de la galàxia Triangulum-II i 202 hores del cúmul de galàxies de Perseus. En ambdues cerques, fem ús del mètode de màxima versemblança, optimitzat per a la morfologia espacial i energètica del senyal esperat de rajos gamma. Obtenim sensibilitats a la secció eficaç de 3·10^{-26}~\cm^{3}\s^{-1} i
temps de vida mitjana de 0.3·10^{25}~\s, essent aquests els resultats més restrictius obtinguts amb MAGIC en cerques de WIMPs.Decades of observational evidences have been accumulated to show that Standard Model (SM) particles cannot totally explain the strong gravitational unbalance observed in several astronomical regions, at all cosmological scales, from that of Milky Way (MW) satellite galaxies, to that of Cluster of Galaxies (CGs). Although some theories argue for the modification of the gravitational laws, the existence of a new massive particle (or a set of them), interacting only weakly with SM particles, provides a preferred explanation. It is estimated that this form of Dark Matter (DM) roughly accounts for 4 times the amount of SM matter, therefore shaping the evolution of cosmic structures along the history of the Universe. A well-motivated general framework for DM is that of a Weakly Interacting Massive Particle (WIMP), generic massive particles with a mass range expected between few GeVs and few hundreds TeV, interaction strengths at the weak scale, and either stable or very long lived. The WIMP paradigm has been long debated, and has the advantage of being at reach by different of the top-class instruments of the current times, so that a putative discovery could be validated independently. We focus on the indirect search of DM, where annihilating or decaying WIMPs are expected to emit gamma rays at energies detectable by Imaginc Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes (IACTs), as the currently operating MAGIC telescopes or the future Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA). The expected DM signal can be moderate extended when compared to IACTs Field of View (FoV), what challenges the performance of the \acrshort{dm} search of these instruments. In this thesis, I contribute to the MAGIC ongoing efforts on indirect DM searches at different analysis levels. A tool for handling the massive data products generated by current high energy experiments is developed. More over, a tailored Monte Carlo (MC) for moderate extended sources is proposed as an upgrade of the current general MC for extended sources. Finally, a method to optimize the pointing strategy of IACTs while observing moderate extended sources taking into account the off-axis performance of the instrument has also been developed and, implemented for the first time to indirect DM searches on highly DM dominated nearby dwarf Sphereoidal galaxies (dSphs). I also show my contribution to the largest telescope to be part of CTA, the Large Size Telescopes, that will dominate the CTA sensitivity for standard WIMP searches. Constraints on the WIMP thermally averaged cross-section and/or decay life-time are put with 60~hours of data in the recently discovered dSph Triangulum-II and 202~hours on the Perseus CG. On both searches, we apply a binned likelihood analysis optimized for the spectral and morphological features of gamma-ray signals of DM from annihilating or decaying WIMPs. We reach sensitivities to the thermally averaged cross-section of 3·10^{-26}~\cm^{3}\s^{-1} and decay life-times of 0.3·\times10^{25}~\s, being this the most constraining MAGIC results on WIMP searches.
2
Zhang, Huanian, and Huanian Zhang. "Direct and Indirect Searches for New Physics beyond Standard Model." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/621580.
Full textAbstract:
The search for new physics beyond the Standard Model can follow one of two tracks: direct searches for new particles at the collider or indirect probes for new physics from precision measurements. In the direct searches for third generation squarks in SUSY at the LHC, the common practice has been to assume a 100% decay branching fraction for a given search channel. In realistic MSSM scenarios, there is often more than one signicant decay mode present, which signicantly weakens the current search limits on third generation squarks at the LHC. On the other hand, the combination of multiple decay modes as well as the new open decay modes offer alternative discovery channels for third generation squarks searches. In this work, we present the third generation squarks decay and the collider signatures in a few representative mass parameter scenarios. We then analyze the reach of the stop/sbottom signal for the pair production in QCD at the 14 TeV LHC with 300 fb⁻¹ integrated luminosity and of the 100 TeV future collider with 3000 fb⁻¹ integrated luminosity in a few representative scenarios. In the scenario of Bino LSP with Wino NLSP, we investigate stop/sbottom pair production at the LHC with one stop/sbottom decaying via t̃ --> t𝑥[0 1], t𝑥[0 2]/b̃ --> b𝑥[0 1], b𝑥[0 2], and the other one decaying via t̃ --> b𝑥[± 1]/b̃ -->t𝑥[± 1]. With the gaugino subsequent decaying to gauge bosons or a Higgs boson 𝑥[0 2] --> 𝑍𝑥[0 1], h𝑥[0 1] and 𝑥[± 1]--> 𝑊±𝑥[0 1], leading to 𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑗𝑗𝓁 Ɇᴛ final states for the Higgs channel and 𝑏𝑏𝑗𝑗𝑗𝑗𝓁𝓁Ɇᴛ final states for the 𝑍 channel, we study the reach of those signals at the 14 TeV LHC with 300 fb⁻¹ integrated luminosity. Because the sbottom and stop signals in the same SUSY parameter scenario have indistinguishable final states, they are combined to obtain optimal sensitivity, which is about 150 GeV better than the individual reaches of the sbottom or stop. In the scenario of Bino LSP with Higgsino NLSP. The light stop pair production at the 14 TeV LHC, with stops decaying via t̃₁ --> t𝑥[0 2]/𝑥[0 3] and the neutralino subsequently decaying to a gauge boson or a Higgs boson 𝑥[0 2]/𝑥[0 3] --> 𝑥[0 1]h/𝑍, leads to tt̄hh Ɇᴛ, tt̄h𝑍 Ɇᴛ or tt̄𝑍𝑍 Ɇᴛ final states. The above decay channels give rise to final states containing one or more leptons, therefore our search strategy is to divide the signal regions based on the multiplicity of leptons. We find that the one lepton signal region of channel tt̄h𝑍 Ɇᴛ has the best reach sensitivity of light stop searches at the 14 TeV LHC with 300 fb⁻¹ integrated luminosity. We then combine all the signal regions for a given decay channel or combine all the decay channels for a given signal region to maximize the reach sensitivity of the stop search. For the light stop pair production at the √s = 100 TeV future machine with 3000 fb⁻¹ integrated luminosity, we find that a stop with a mass up to 6 TeV can be discovered at 5𝜎 signicance, while a mass up to 6.8 TeV can be excluded at 95% C.L. for the combined results of all three channels. In the indirect probes for new physics, we utilize the 𝑍-pole Oblique Parameters 𝑆,𝑇, 𝑈 and Higgs precision measurements complementarily in the framework of the Two Higgs Doublet Model at current and future colliders. The 𝑆, 𝑇 , 𝑈 is not that sensitive to the rotation angle 𝛽-𝛼, while the Higgs precision measurements set strong constrains on 𝛽-𝛼. Also the 𝑇 is very sensitive to the mass difference of Higgs bosons, leading to the mass of charged Higgs (H±) aligning either along with the mass of neutral Higgs 𝐻 or 𝐴. As for the Higgs precision measurements, we consider the tree level corrections to Higgs coupling constants as well as the radiative corrections to Higgs coupling constants at one loop level for the future collider. The combination of 𝑍-pole precision measurements and Higgs precision measurements complementarily set strong constraints on the parameter space of the 2HDM, especially in the future 𝑒⁺𝑒⁻ circular collider compared to the current collider due to much cleaner backgrounds and higher luminosity.
3
Genolini, Yoann. "Refined predictions for cosmic rays and indirect dark matter searches." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAY049/document.
Full textAbstract:
Il y a tout juste cent ans que les premières mesures du taux d'ionisation de l'air ont dévoilé que la terre est sans cesse bombardée par une pluie de particules énergétiques provenant du Cosmos. D'un point de vue astrophysique, l'origine de ces particules hautement relativistes, appelés rayons cosmiques (CRs), ainsi que leur mécanisme d'accélération restent très peu connus. Le paradigme actuel suppose une injection sporadique des CRs accélérés par la propagation d'ondes de choc au cours de la mort de certaines étoiles (SNRs).Les mesures récentes des flux de CRs (par les expériences PAMELA et AMS-02 par exemple) inaugurent une nouvelle ère de précision dans la mesure où les incertitudes statistiques sont désormais considérablement réduites. Dans ce mémoire de thèse, nous proposons et approfondissons de nouvelles pistes théoriques de manière à maximiser l'information extraite de ces nouvelles données.Après une introduction générale sur la physique des CRs, nous nous concentrons sur les espèces dites primaires, qui sont produites directement par les SNRs. De la nature discrète des SNRs et de la méconnaissance quasi-complète de leurs positions et de leurs ages résulte une incertitude théorique qui nécessite d'être estimée pour la prédiction des flux observés sur Terre. Jusqu'alors ces prédictions se contentent de calculer la moyenne d'ensemble de ce flux. Dans cette partie nous exposons la théorie statistique que nous avons élaborée, permettant de calculer la probabilité d'une déviation du flux mesuré par rapport à la moyenne d'ensemble. Nous sommes amenés à utiliser une version généralisée du théorème de la limite centrale, avec lequel nous montrons que la loi de probabilité est intimement reliée à la distribution des sources et qu'elle converge vers une loi stable. Cette dernière diffère de la loi gaussienne par sa queue lourde en loi de puissance. Le cadre théorique développé ici peut non seulement être étendu à d'autres observables du rayonnement cosmique, mais aussi enrichi en incluant une description plus complète des corrélations entre les sources. De plus, la méthode que nous avons développée peut être appliquée à d'autres problèmes de physique/astrophysique impliquant des distributions à queue lourde.Deuxièmement nous nous penchons sur les CRs dits secondaires (comme le bore), qui sont produits par les collisions des espèces primaires avec le milieu interstellaire. Plus précisément nous nous concentrons sur le rapport du flux du bore sur celui du carbone qui est traditionnellement utilisé pour comprendre la propagation des CRs. Ainsi, tout porte à croire que les mesures extrêmement précises de ce rapport nous donneraient de fortes contraintes sur les scénarios de propagation. Malheureusement il n'en est rien et nous montrons que le calcul théorique dépend fortement de certaines hypothèses telles que le lieu de production des secondaires et le choix du jeux de sections efficaces d’interaction. Nous estimons à au moins 20 % les incertitudes sur les paramètres de propagation dérivés jusqu'à maintenant. Grâce aux nouvelles données de l'expérience AMS-02, nous présentons les points de départ de notre nouvelle analyse pour laquelle nous utilisons le code semi-analytique USINE.Finalement, dans une troisième partie, nous utilisons ces données de précision pour réactualiser les analyses portant sur la recherche indirecte de matière noire. En effet, les CRs d'antimatière seraient -au même titre que le bore- des particules secondaires. La prédiction de leur fond astrophysique repose sur une connaissance précise de la propagation des CRs et de leurs interactions dans la Galaxy. Nous les traitons ici sous les hypothèses habituelles et réévaluons les flux de positrons et d'antiprotons à la lumière des nouvelles données d'AMS-02. Nous discutons ensuite les conséquences pour la matière noire et les possibles explications astrophysiques d'éventuels excès observésA hundred years ago, pioneering observations of air ionization revealed that the Earth is showered with particles coming from the Galaxy and beyond. Because of their high energies, these particles coined cosmic-rays are still a crucial tool in the field of particle physics, complementary to man-made accelerators. From an astrophysical point of view, the origin of cosmic-rays and the mechanisms which accelerate them are still very poorly known. The present paradigm involves sporadic production associated with the expanding shock waves from dying stars (SNRs).Recent experiments (notably PAMELA and, more recently, AMS-02) are ushering us into a new era of measurements of cosmic-ray fluxes with greatly reduced statistical uncertainties. In this dissertation, we propose and investigate new theoretical refinements of our predictions to fully benefit from these advances.After a general introduction on cosmic-ray physics, we first focus on the so-called primary species which are directly produced by SNRs. In this context of precision measurements, the discreteness of the sources in space and time, together with a substantial ignorance of their precise epochs and locations (with the possible exception of the most recent and close ones) may lead to significant uncertainties in the predictions of the fluxes at the Earth. So far, the conventional approach just relied on average trends. Here, we elaborate a statistical theory in order to compute the probability for the actual flux to depart from its ensemble average. Using the generalized version of the central limit theorem, we demonstrate that the probability distribution function of the flux is intimately related to the source distribution and follows a stable law with a heavier tail than the Gaussian distribution. Our theoretical framework can not only be extended to other cosmic-ray observables, such as the lepton flux, but also can be enriched to include a more comprehensive description of the correlations between the sources. Moreover the method which we have developed may be applied to a variety of problems in physics/astrophysics involving heavy tail distributions.Secondly, we concentrate on secondary CRs, like the boron nuclei, which are thought to be produced only by the collisions of cosmic-rays on the interstellar medium. More precisely, the ratio of the boron to carbon fluxes is a traditional tool used to understand and gauge the propagation of cosmic-rays in the Galaxy. Hence a very precise measurement of this ratio should imply stringent constraints on the propagation scenario. However we show that its theoretical derivation strongly depends on where these secondary species are produced as well as on the chosen set of nuclear cross-sections. Hence we assess at the 20% level the theoretical uncertainties on the so far derived propagation parameters. As new data from AMS-02 were freshly released, we present the starting points of a comprehensive new analysis for which we use the semi-analytical code USINE.Finally these high precision measurements offer new opportunities for a number of astroparticle problems, such as indirect dark matter searches which is the main thrust of the third part of the thesis. Antimatter cosmic rays are thought to be secondary species and their relatively low fluxes make them a channel of choice to look for rare processes such as dark matter annihilation. Nonetheless, the predictions of the expected backgrounds rely on a precise modeling of cosmic-ray propagation and interactions in the Galaxy. We treat them under commonly used simplified assumptions and discuss two studies where we re-evaluate the anti-proton and the positron fluxes in the light of the new AMS-02 data. Then we discuss the implications for dark matter and astrophysical explanations
4
Wolf, Martin. "Indirect Searches for Galactic Dark Matter with IceCube-DeepCore and PINGU." Licentiate thesis, Stockholms universitet, Fysikum, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-104786.
Full textAbstract:
The cubic-kilometer sized IceCube neutrino observatory is burieddeep in the glacial ice at the Earth’s South Pole. Its low-energyextension array DeepCore enables physicists to search indirectlyfor light Dark Matter (DM) particles with masses as low as tensof GeV/c2 situated within our home galaxy, the Milky Way. GeVneutrinos could be produced through DM particle annihilations,propagating to the Earth where they could be detected by IceCube. This licentiate thesis presents a search for Weakly Interacting Mas-sive Particles (WIMPs) with masses as low as 30 GeV/c2 in theGalactic center (GC) using the 79-string configuration of the IceCubeneutrino detector. Data from 319.7 live-days have been analyzedusing a cut-and-count analysis approach, and found to be consistentwith the background-only hypothesis with expected backgroundfrom atmospheric muons and neutrinos. Thus, upper limits wereset on the velocity averaged DM annihilation cross-section. The Precision IceCube Next Generation Upgrade (PINGU) as apossible future neutrino detector within DeepCore would reducethe neutrino energy detection threshold to a few GeV. In additionto the data analysis with DeepCore, a sensitivity study has beenconducted to investigate the performance of PINGU for indirectDM searches in the GC and the Sun. In the Sun WIMPs could begravitationally captured through elastic scattering off nucleons. Inthis thesis, we derive PINGU sensitivities for the velocity averagedDM annihilation cross-section of WIMPs in the GC, and for theSpin-Dependent (SD) and Spin-Independent (SI) WIMP-protonscattering cross-sections, under the assumption of thermodynamicequilibrium between the WIMP capturing and annihilation rate inthe Sun.IceCube
5
Miao, Xinyu. "Direct and Indirect Searches for New Physics at the Electroweak Scale." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/217061.
Full textAbstract:
The Standard Model (SM) of particle physics is widely taken as an elegant effective theory of nature at the electroweak scale, with new physics expected at higher energy. Collider searches and other experimental inputs play a vital role in our hunt for the unknown physics, offering great insights along the way and eventually establishing the extension to the SM. Here we present our studies on prospects of direct and indirect searches for three types of models beyond the SM. The Inert Doublet Model (IDM) extends the SM electroweak sector by an extra Higgs doublet with a Z₂-symmetry. We first examine the IDM dilepton signal at the LHC with a center-of-mass energy of 14 TeV and find it exceeding SM backgrounds at 3σ–12σ significance level, with 100 fb⁻¹ integrated luminosity. We further show that it is possible to obtain the IDM trilepton signal at the 5σ significance level, with an integrated luminosity of 300 fb⁻¹. The Left-Right Twin Higgs (LRTH) model solves the little Hierarchy problem by taking the SM Higgs as a pseudo-Goldstone boson from the spontaneous breaking of a global symmetry. We focus on the discovery potential of the heavy top quark partner in the LRTH model at the LHC. With a luminosity of 30 fb⁻¹ at the early stage of the LHC operation, we conclude that the heavy top partner could be observed at a significance level above 5σ. Supersymmetric extensions of the SM enable cancellations among loop corrections to the Higgs mass from bosonic and fermionic degrees of freedom, leading to a solution to the well-known Hierarchy problem. However, the supersymmetry has to be broken by certain mechanism. We present an exploration of the B-physics observables and electroweak precision data in three distinct soft supersymmetry-breaking scenarios. Projection for future sensitivities of the precision data is also explored.
6
Wolf, Martin. "Indirect Searches for Dark Matter in the Milky Way with IceCube-DeepCore." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Fysikum, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-128785.
Full textAbstract:
Many astronomical observations, including rotational curve measurements of stars and the analysis of the cosmic microwave background, suggest the existence of an invisible matter density content in the Universe, commonly called Dark Matter (DM). Possibly, DM could be of particle nature, where Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs) could be a viable DM candidate. The cubic-kilometer sized IceCube neutrino observatory located at the Earth’s South Pole can search indirectly for the existence of DM by detecting neutrino signals from WIMP self-annihilation in the Galactic center (GC) and the Galactic halo (GH). Two main physics analyses were developed and conducted to search indirectly for WIMP self-annihilation in the Milky Way’s GC and GH. Signal hypotheses for different WIMP annihilation channels, WIMP masses and DM halo profiles were tested. The results of both analyses were compatible with the background-only hypothesis for all tested signal hypotheses. Thus, upper limits at the 90% confidence level (C.L.) on the thermally averaged DM self-annihilation cross-section, <σΑv>, were set. Dedicated atmospheric muon veto techniques have been developed for the GC search making such an IceCube analysis possible for the first time. The GC analysis utilized data from 319.7 days of live-time of the IceCube detector running in its 79-string configuration during 2010 and 2011, whereas the GH analysis utilized pre-existing data samples developed for point-like neutrino sources with a live-time of 1701.9 days between 2008 and 2013. The most stringent upper limits on <σΑv> were obtained for WIMP annihilation directly into a pair of neutrinos assuming a Navarro-Frenk-White (NFW) DM halo profile. Conducting the GC and GH analyses for this annihilation channel an upper limit on <σΑv> as low as 4.0 · 10-24 cm3 s-1 and 4.5 · 10-24 cm3 s-1 is set for a 65 GeV and 500 GeV massive WIMP, respectively. These galactic indirect neutrino searches for DM are complementary to the indirect gamma-ray DM searches usually performed on extra-galactic targets like spheroidal dwarf galaxies.At the time of the doctoral defense, the following paper was unpublished and had a status as follows: Paper 2: Manuscript.
7
Doro, Michele. "Novel Reflective Elements and Indirect Dark Matter Searches for MAGIC II and future IACTs." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3425635.
Full textAbstract:
During the PhD I made my research following two principal research activities: a technological part relative to the development and the production of reflective units for the second MAGIC telescope and a second part more scientific, focused on strategy of indirect detection of dark matter with the MAGIC telescope.Durante la Scuola di Dottorato ho svolto la mia ricerca seguendo due attivita' principali: una parte tecnologica relativa allo sviluppo e la produzione di unita' riflettenti per il secondo telescopio MAGIC ed una parte maggiormente scientifica sulle strategie di rivelazione indiretta di Materia Oscura con il Telescopio MAGIC.
8
Birsin, Emrah. "Searches for a Dark Matter annihilation signal with Imaging Atmospheric Telescopes." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/17290.
Full textAbstract:
Erste Anzeichen für die Existenz von Dunkler Materie wurden 1933 entdeckt. Der Astrophysiker Fritz Zwicky beobachtete die Geschwindigkeitsverteilung im Coma Cluster und fand dabei heraus, dass 400 mal mehr Materie im Galaxie Haufen sein muss, damit dieser gravitativ gebunden sein kann oder der Galaxie Haufen würde sich aufösen. Trotz erheblicher Bemühungen über die letzten 80 Jahre ist nicht viel über Dunkle Materie bekannt. Das einzige was man weiÿ ist, dass Dunkle Materie gravitativ aber nicht elektromagnetisch wechselwirkt und Dunkle Materie stellt den gröÿten Bestandteil der Materie im Universum da. Doch derzeitige Experimente die nach Dunkler Materie suchen, sowohl direkte Suchen als auch indirekte, beginnen sensitiv genug zu werden um interessante Parameterbereiche von Dunkle Materie Kandidaten zu untersuchen wie das leichteste Super-symmetrische Teilchen, was bedeutet, dass die Entdeckung von Dunkler Materie in der nahen Zukunft sein könnte. In dieser Arbeit wird eine Signalsummierung von H.E.S.S. Zwerg Galaxien Daten durchgeführt und obere Ausschlussgrenzen berechnet. Weiterhin wird die Leistung einer Dunklen Materie Suche im galaktischen Zentrum durch CTA präsentiert für verschiedene mögliche Teleskop Anordnungen und verschiedene Annihilation Kanäle. Die Ergebnisse werden zeigen, dass CTA in der Lage sein wird geschwindigkeitsgemittelte Annihilations Wirkungsquerschnitte von 3 * 10^-26 cm^3s^1 und geringer, der geschwindigkeitsgemittelte Annihilations Wirkungsquerschnitt der für schwach wechselwirkende Dunkle Materie erwartet wird, in 100 h zu erreichen. Diese Beobachtungszeit kann innerhalb von ein bis zwei Jahren erreicht werden.First indications for the existence of Dark Matter appeared in 1933. The astrophysicist Fritz Zwicky observed the velocity dispersion of the Coma Cluster and found out that 400 times the visible mass must be contained in the galaxy cluster or the cluster could not be gravitationally bound and would disperse.Despite extensive efforts over the last 80 years not much is known about Dark Matter. The facts known are that Dark Matter interacts via gravitation, does not interact electromagneticly and is the main constituent of matter. But current experiment searching for Dark Matter directly and indirectly begin to reach sensitivities that can probe interesting parameter spaces for Dark Matter candidates like the lightest supersymmetric particle, meaning the first Dark Matter detections could happen in the near future.In this thesis a dwarf stacking analysis for Dark Matter signal search using H.E.S.S. data is performed and a upper limit is calculated. Furthermore the prospect for a Dark Matter search with CTA in the galactic center region of the Milky Way is presented for different candidate arrays and different annihilation channels. The results will show that CTA will be able to reach velocity annihilation below 3 *10^-26 cm^3s^-1, the velocity annihilation crosssection expected for a weakly interacting Dark Matter particle, within 100 h of observation which can reasonably be acquired within one to two years.
9
Viana, Aion. "Indirect searches of dark matter and the galactic center at very high energy with H. E. S. S." Paris 7, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA077244.
Full textAbstract:
Cette thèse présente un ensemble de travaux d'analyse de données et phénoménologiques relatifs à deux sujets majeurs de l'astronomie y: la recherche indirecte de matière noire et l'étude de la région du Centre Galactique avec le réseau de télescopes H. E. S. S. La recherche de matière noire se concentre sur l'étude de deux classes d'objets privilégiées: les galaxies naines et les amas de galaxies. Les études détaillées des observations des galaxies naines Sculptor et Carina, et de l'amas de galaxies Fornax par H. E. S. S. Sont présentées. En l'absence de détection des signaux significatifs venant de ces objets, des contraintes sur la section de efficace d'annihilation particules de matière noire ont été calculées. D'autre part, les contraintes H. E. S. S. En direction de la galaxie naine Sagittarius sont mises à jour en lumière des profils de halos de matière noire plus réalistes. Le potentiel de la future génération de télescopes Cherenkov au sol, CTA (Cherenkov Télescope Array), à la détection d'un signal d'annihilation de matière noire et des signaux astrophysiques standard est aussi défini. Le deuxième thème de cette thèse est consacré à l'étude détaillée de la région du Centre Galactique observée par H. E. S. S. Entre 2004-2011, L'analyse et la reconstruction spectrale de la source centrale et de l'émission diffuse dans cette région sont présentées. La soustraction de la contamination spectrale de l'émission diffuse dans le spectre de HESS J1745-290 permet de retrouver le spectre intrinsèque de la source centrale. L'analyse de la morphologie spectrale de la région d'émission diffuse suggère finalement que plusieurs accélérateurs peuvent être à l'origine de cette émissionThis thesis presents a series of data analysis and phenomenological studies on two main subject of the y-ray astronomy: the indirect searches of dark matter, and the study of the Galactic Center region with the H. E. S. S. Telescope array. The indirect dark matter searches focus on the study of two classes of targets: dwarf galaxies and galaxy clusters. A detailed study of the H. E. S. S. Observations towards the Sculptor and Carina dwarf galaxies, and towards the Fornax galaxy cluster are presented. In the absence of a significant signal coming from these object, constraints on the annihilation cross section of dark matter particle candidates are derived. The current H. E. S. S. Dark matter constraints towards the Sagittarius are updated in light of recent realistic dark matter halo models. A prospect on the sensitivity of the future generation of Cherenkov telescopes, Le. CTA (Cherenkov Telescope Array), for the detection of a dark matter annihilation signal and conventional y-ray emissions is also given. The second subject of this thesis provides a detailed analysis of the very high energy y-ray data from the Galactic Center region observed by the H. E. S. S. Experiment throughout the 2004-2011 period. The analysis and spectral reconstruction of the central source and the diffuse emission around this regioi are presented. A spectral subtraction of the diffuse emission contribution to the HESS J1745-2 spectral is performed and allows to recover the intrinsic central source spectrum. The spectra morphology of the diffuse emission region suggests the possibility of various accelerators being responsible for the observed emission
10
Vogl, Stefan [Verfasser], Alejandro [Akademischer Betreuer] Ibarra, and Björn [Akademischer Betreuer] Garbrecht. "Majorana Dark Matter: The Power of Direct, Indirect and Collider Searches / Stefan Vogl. Gutachter: Alejandro Ibarra ; Björn Garbrecht. Betreuer: Alejandro Ibarra." München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1053762119/34.
Full textBooks on the topic "Indirect Searches"
1
Saffold, Nathan Arnett. Development of Lithium-Drifted Silicon Detectors and Investigation of Cosmic Antihelium Sensitivity for the GAPS Experiment -- an Indirect Search for Dark Matter. [New York, N.Y.?]: [publisher not identified], 2021.
Find full text
2
Petrov, Alexey A. Indirect Searches for New Physics. Taylor & Francis Group, 2021.
Find full text
3
Indirect Searches for New Physics. Taylor & Francis Group, 2021.
Find full text
4
Petrov, Alexey A. Indirect Searches for New Physics. Taylor & Francis Group, 2021.
Find full text
5
Petrov, Alexey A. Indirect Searches for New Physics. Taylor & Francis Group, 2021.
Find full text
6
Petrov, Alexey A. Indirect Searches for New Physics. Taylor & Francis Group, 2021.
Find full text
7
Youssef, Keiko. Indirect Virus Transmission: Shower, Search, Global Economy, Virus, Microscope, Search, Blood Test, Virus for Kids Ages 3-5 Image Quizzes Words Activity Coloring Books 40 Fun. Independently Published, 2020.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Indirect Searches"
1
Bauer, Martin, and Tilman Plehn. "Indirect Searches." In Yet Another Introduction to Dark Matter, 111–27. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-16234-4_5.
Full text
2
Petrov, Alexey A. "New Physics searches with neutrinos." In Indirect Searches for New Physics, 155–72. First edition. | Boca Raton : CRC Press, 2021.: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781351176019-5.
Full text
3
Petrov, Alexey A. "New Physics searches with quarks." In Indirect Searches for New Physics, 81–154. First edition. | Boca Raton : CRC Press, 2021.: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781351176019-4.
Full text
4
Petrov, Alexey A. "Introduction." In Indirect Searches for New Physics, 1–8. First edition. | Boca Raton : CRC Press, 2021.: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781351176019-1.
Full text
5
Petrov, Alexey A. "New Physics searches with charged leptons." In Indirect Searches for New Physics, 41–80. First edition. | Boca Raton : CRC Press, 2021.: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781351176019-3.
Full text
6
Petrov, Alexey A. "Conclusions." In Indirect Searches for New Physics, 185–88. First edition. | Boca Raton : CRC Press, 2021.: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781351176019-7.
Full text
7
Petrov, Alexey A. "New Physics searches with Higgs and gauge bosons." In Indirect Searches for New Physics, 173–84. First edition. | Boca Raton : CRC Press, 2021.: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781351176019-6.
Full text
8
Petrov, Alexey A. "Useful mathematics." In Indirect Searches for New Physics, 189–97. First edition. | Boca Raton : CRC Press, 2021.: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781351176019-a1.
Full text
9
Petrov, Alexey A. "New Physics: light and heavy." In Indirect Searches for New Physics, 9–40. First edition. | Boca Raton : CRC Press, 2021.: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781351176019-2.
Full text
10
Morgante, Enrico. "Indirect Detection." In Aspects of WIMP Dark Matter Searches at Colliders and Other Probes, 43–68. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-67606-7_3.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Indirect Searches"
1
Robertson, Steven. "Indirect searches from BABAR." In Prospects for Charged Higgs Discovery at Colliders. Trieste, Italy: Sissa Medialab, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.22323/1.073.0031.
Full text
2
Cirelli, Marco. "Indirect Searches of Dark Matter." In XVI International Workshop on Neutrino Telescopes. Trieste, Italy: Sissa Medialab, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.22323/1.244.0020.
Full text
3
ZHANG, Le. "Indirect searches of dark matter." In Identification of Dark Matter 2010. Trieste, Italy: Sissa Medialab, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.22323/1.110.0060.
Full text
4
Cohen-Tanugi, Johann. "Indirect Dark Matter searches with Fermi." In Identification of dark matter 2008. Trieste, Italy: Sissa Medialab, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.22323/1.064.0029.
Full text
5
EDSJÖ, JOAKIM. "INDIRECT SEARCHES FOR NEUTRALINO DARK MATTER." In Proceedings of the Fourth International Workshop. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812791313_0031.
Full text
6
Siqueira, Clarissa, Aion Viana, FARINALDO queiroz, and Guilherme Fortes. "Indirect Searches for Secluded Dark Matter." In 37th International Cosmic Ray Conference. Trieste, Italy: Sissa Medialab, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.22323/1.395.0577.
Full text
7
TAO, C. "COMMENTS ON INDIRECT DARK MATTER SEARCHES." In Proceedings of the Third International Workshop. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812811035_0021.
Full text
8
Glicenstein, Jean-Francois. "Indirect Dark Matter searches with H.E.S.S." In 35th International Conference of High Energy Physics. Trieste, Italy: Sissa Medialab, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.22323/1.120.0430.
Full text
9
Charles, Eric. "Indirect Dark Matter Searches: Status and Prospects." In 2nd World Summit: Exploring the Dark Side of the Universe. Trieste, Italy: Sissa Medialab, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.22323/1.335.0012.
Full text
10
HOOPER, DAN. "INDIRECT SEARCHES FOR KALUZA-KLEIN DARK MATTER." In Proceedings of the Fifth International Workshop. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812701848_0086.
Full textReports on the topic "Indirect Searches"
1
Quak, Evert-Jan. K4D’s Work on the Indirect Impacts of COVID-19 in Low- and Middle- Income Countries. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.093.
Full textAbstract:
This report is not an in-depth nor exhaustive analysis of the many indirect impacts of the pandemic on LMICs. The content is purely based on the requests from FCDO to the K4D services on this topic, and as such can only give an illustrative overview of the findings from these requests. Furthermore, insights are also taken from the data that K4D collects for each request based on the information provided by advisers and FCDO (e.g. purpose of the request, adviser’s cadre), hence, the data is limited to the information available to the K4D team at the time of the request and the level of details available may vary from one request to the other. The selection of relevant K4D outputs on the pandemic’s indirect impacts was based on an extensive search in the K4D repository on titles and research questions. The Annex shows all K4D outputs included in this report. The purpose of this report is to inform FCDO about some of the specifics of their requests on the indirect impacts of COVID-19, in general. This report will also be used as input for a K4D-FCDO learning event that takes place on the 6th of July 2021. During the event learning and evidence, trends will be discussed and how evidence and learning informed decision-making on policy and programming.
2
Valencia, Oscar, Matilde Angarita, Juan Santaella, and Marcela De Castro. Do Immigrants Bring Fiscal Dividends?: The Case of Venezuelan Immigration in Colombia. Inter-American Development Bank, December 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0002993.
Full textAbstract:
This paper analyzes the effects of recent Venezuelan immigration to Colombia on the fiscal balance, the labor market, and economic growth. For this purpose, we built a dynamic general equilibrium model with a search and matching structure in the labor market. The higher fiscal spending to address immigration negatively impacts the government's budget in the short term, which is offset by higher output, consumption, and employment level, increasing the government's revenues mainly through indirect tax collection. The effect on the labor market is different for unskilled workers--whose higher supply generates a negative effect on wages and an increase in the unemployment rate--and skilled workers, who benefit from higher wages and lower unemployment. These changes in the labor market affect the government's revenue, resulting, in the long term, in positive fiscal dividends of migration.
3
Birr, Caroline, Antonio Hernández-Mendo, Diogo Monteiro, and António Rosado. Empowering and Disempowering Motivational coaching: a scoping review. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, January 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2023.1.0067.
Full textAbstract:
Review question / Objective: The multidimensional model of empowering and disempowering coach climates created by Duda (2013) has a great relevance within the scope of intervention in the context of Sport Psychology. This scoping review of studies summarizes the scientific production about the empowering and disempowering motivational climates created by Duda (2013). The search included the, Web of Science, Scopus, Psycinfo, and Pubmed databases for English, Portuguese and Spanish articles published between 2013 and 2022. A total of 44 studies were found, which 22 were included in the present study. From the 22 studies, 16 were cross- sectional studies, 4 were psychometrics validation studies, 1 concerned a transversal cohort study and 1 concerned a qualitative study. The coach-created Empowering and Disempowering motivational questionnaire (EDMCQ-C) is, the most used and with the necessary psychometric qualities when it comes to assessing the empow-ering and disempowering motivational climates and their various impacts. We describe results concerning the measurement, antecedents and effects of empowering and disempowering coach climates and future research should invest in the study of empirical evidence that could be added to the existing nomological framework, considering antecedents, development, direct and indirect effects, moderating effects, aggregated effects and qualitative studies.
4
Prusky, Dov, Noel Keen, and John Browse. Modulation of the synthesis of the main preformed antifungal compound as abasis for the prevention of postharvest disease of C. gloeosporioides in avocado fruits. United States Department of Agriculture, December 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2001.7575273.bard.
Full textAbstract:
The most important pathological factor limiting fruit life after harvest in subtropical fruits are quiescent infections of anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. Prusky and Keen elucidated the mechanism of resistance in avocado fruits to quiescent infections of C. gloeosporioides and determined that the major biocide involved is the preformed compound,1-acetoxy-2-hydroxy-4-oxo-heneicosa-13, 15 diene. Two possibilities exist for maintaining fungitoxic levels of antifungal compounds in the tissue of ripening fruits: (i). Prevention of catabolism (ii). Induction of synthesis. Previous work has demonstrated that increased fruit susceptibility after fruit harvest occurs through diene catabolism mediated by oxidation of the antifungal compound by the enzyme lipoxygenase. Levels of a non-specific inhibitor, epicatechin, in turn, regulate activity of lipoxygenase, present in the peel of unripe but not ripe fruit. In this proposal, we examined the possibility of exploiting induced synthesis of the antifungal compound for the study of the synthetic pathway. The general objective of the present research was to study the mechanism of biosynthesis of natural antifungal compounds in order to regulate the process of resistance to postharvest diseases in ripening avocado fruits. The specific objectives of the research were: 1. To localize synthesis of the antifungal diene and modulate the process by biotic or a biotic elicitors. 2. To determine the relation between synthesis of the diene and accumulation in the peel and fruit resistance to decay 3. To characterize the biosynthetic pathway and the diene and the genes involved. The analysis of the antifungal compounds in avocado resulted in the detection of a new antifungal compound (E, Z, Z)-1-acetoxy-2-hydroxy-4-oxo- heneicosa-5, 12,15-triene. This new compound was shown to inhibit spore germination of C. gloeosporioides similarly as the antifungal diene. We had localized one of the biosynthetic places of these antifungal compounds in specialized idioblast cells (oil cells) in the mesocarp that can be easily enhanced by elicitors as ethylene. Results have also suggested that the antifungal compounds can be "exported" from the mesocarp to the pericarp where its main activity takes place. The search for the biosynthesis of antifungal compounds and the genes involved took two directions i. direct search for specific genes involved in the synthesis of the diene and ii. Indirect selection of genes using the differential display library. We have cloned , The most important pathological factor limiting fruit life after harvest in subtropical fruits are quiescent infections of anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. Prusky and Keen elucidated the mechanism of resistance in avocado fruits to quiescent infections of C. gloeosporioides and determined that the major biocide involved is the preformed compound,1-acetoxy-2-hydroxy-4-oxo-heneicosa-13, 15 diene. Two possibilities exist for maintaining fungitoxic levels of antifungal compounds in the tissue of ripening fruits: (i). Prevention of catabolism (ii). Induction of synthesis. Previous work has demonstrated that increased fruit susceptibility after fruit harvest occurs through diene catabolism mediated by oxidation of the antifungal compound by the enzyme lipoxygenase. Levels of a non-specific inhibitor, epicatechin, in turn, regulate activity of lipoxygenase, present in the peel of unripe but not ripe fruit. In this proposal, we examined the possibility of exploiting induced synthesis of the antifungal compound for the study of the synthetic pathway. The general objective of the present research was to study the mechanism of biosynthesis of natural antifungal compounds in order to regulate the process of resistance to postharvest diseases in ripening avocado fruits. The specific objectives of the research were: 1. To localize synthesis of the antifungal diene and modulate the process by biotic or a biotic elicitors. 2. To determine the relation between synthesis of the diene and accumulation in the peel and fruit resistance to decay 3. To characterize the biosynthetic pathway and the diene and the genes involved. The analysis of the antifungal compounds in avocado resulted in the detection of a new antifungal compound (E, Z, Z)-1-acetoxy-2-hydroxy-4-oxo- heneicosa-5, 12,15-triene. This new compound was shown to inhibit spore germination of C. gloeosporioides similarly as the antifungal diene. We had localized one of the biosynthetic places of these antifungal compounds in specialized idioblast cells (oil cells) in the mesocarp that can be easily enhanced by elicitors as ethylene. Results have also suggested that the antifungal compounds can be "exported" from the mesocarp to the pericarp where its main activity takes place. The search for the biosynthesis of antifungal compounds and the genes involved took two directions i. direct search for specific genes involved in the synthesis of the diene and ii. Indirect selection of genes using the differential display library. We have cloned D9 and D12 desaturase, a protein kinase and a elongase that their transcriptional activation is significantly enhanced during the enhanced synthesis of the antifungal diene. Although we are far away from a complete elucidation of the synthesis of the antifungal compound we have stepped forward determining some of the key steps that might be involved in its synthesis.
5
Nagabhatla, Nidhi, Panthea Pouramin, Rupal Brahmbhatt, Cameron Fioret, Talia Glickman, K. Bruce Newbold, and Vladimir Smakhtin. Migration and Water: A Global Overview. United Nations University Institute for Water, Environment and Health, May 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.53328/lkzr3535.
Full textAbstract:
Global migration has been increasing since the 1990s. People are forced to leave their homes in search of safety, a better livelihood, or for more economic opportunities. Environmental drivers of migration, such as land degradation, water pollution, or changing climate, are acting as stronger phenomena with time. As millions of people are exposed to multiple water crises, daily needs related to water quality, lack of provisioning, excess or shortage of water become vital for survival as well for livelihood support. In turn, the crisis can transform into conflict and act as a trigger for migration, both voluntary and forced, depending on the conditions. Current interventions related to migration, including funding to manage migration remain focused on response mechanisms, whereas an understanding of drivers or so-called ‘push factors’ of migration is limited. Accurate and well-documented evidence, as well as quantitative information on these phenomena, are either missing or under-reflected in the literature and policy discourse. The report aims to start unpacking relationships between water and migration. The data used in this Report are collected from available public sources and reviewed in the context of water and climate. A three-dimensional (3D) framework is outlined for water-related migration assessment. The framework may be useful to aggerate water-related causes and consequences of migration and interpret them in various socioecological, socioeconomic, and sociopolitical settings. A case study approach is adopted to illustrate the various applications of the framework to dynamics of migration in various geographic and hydrological scenarios. The case studies reflect on well-known examples of environmental and water degradation, but with a focus on displacement /migration and socioeconomic challenges that apply. The relevance of proxy measures such as the Global Conflict Risk Index, which helps quantify water and migration interconnections, is discussed in relation to geographic, political, environmental, and economic parameters. The narratives presented in the Report also point to the existing governance mechanisms on migration, stating that they are fragmented. The report examines global agreements, institutions, and policies on migration to provide an aggerated outlook as to how international and inter-agency cooperation agreements and policies either reflected or are missing on water and climate crises as direct or indirect triggers to migration. Concerning this, the new directives related to migration governance, i.e., the New York Declaration and the Global Compact for Migration, are discussed. The Report recommends an enhanced focus on migration as an adaptation strategy to maximize the interconnectedness with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). It calls for the migration discourse to look beyond from a preventative and problematic approach to a perspective emphasizing migration as a contributor towards achieving sustainable development, particularly SDGs 5, 6, 13, and 16 that aim strengthening capacities related to water, gender, climate, and institutions. Overall, the synthesis offers a global overview of water and migration for researchers and professionals engaged in migration-related work. For international agencies and government organizations and policymakers dealing with the assessment of and response to migration, the report aims to support the work on migration assessment and the implementation of the SDGs. The Report may serve as a public good towards understanding the drivers, impacts, and challenges of migration, for designing long-term solutions and for advancing migration management capabilities through improved knowledge and a pitch for consensus-building.