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Kubo, Ryousuke. "Indigenous alcoholic beverage production in rural villages of Tanzania and Cameroon." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/200472.
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Hu, Su. "Knowing and knowledge production : controversies in Eastern Tibetan villages." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/31191.
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This thesis is a study of knowledge practices in contemporary eastern Tibetan villages, where indigenous knowledge, the modern state's rationality and modern science intermingled. The place is rich in the interplay of forms of knowledge. Based on ethnographic observation and reading in hydropower archives, I focus on local knowledge controversies, where there were clashes between the claims of villagers on the one hand, and local officials and visiting scientists on the other. Through the collection of controversies, I observed how different knowledge claims came into contact or conflict with each other, how these conflicts were resolved either in acquiescence or in coordination, and how a conclusion about knowledge was reached in each particular case. In challenging some common assumptions about knowledge production, the thesis makes a contribution to knowledge studies. When researching this subject, scholars have generally studied either the suppression of folk / native knowledge by modern science, or the pure local forms of knowledge as a means of resistance against scientificization. The thesis argues that in contrast to this standard presumption, an alternative form of knowledge production exists. Suppression or resistance are not the only options, hybridization can also be a procedure to produce knowledge, where the outcome is not necessarily purely scientific or purely folk. The case studies I examine do not show either a ruthless plunge into the universe of modern science or an eradication of the modern side and a return to entirely local knowledge. Although modern meteorology prevailed in the face of Tibetans' claims for compensation for destruction of crops by a storm, villagers on the wind-impacted farmlands deconstructed and re-legitimized the science of weather, they did not merely face a simple choice between science and the folk. In another case, villagers clashed with one another on how to delimit the mountain boundary in legal documents, and the state officials took a passive role in these controversies: the geographical entity was not born through suppression, but through villagers' free intellectual movement on the knowledge landscape, from state forestry archives, to local foraging histories, to personal biographies. A controversy over activities related to hydropower manifests the absence of suppression most clearly. Villagers clashed with scientists over seismic damage to local houses, with each side seeking to prove that the damage was or was not caused by a hydropower explosion experiment. The resulting memorandum of understanding that resolved the controversy does not certify scientific explanation nor the folk claim, but is rather a hybridization of incompatible elements from both sides. In this way, the outcome of knowledge-formation through controversies in these Tibetan villages did not fit straightforwardly with the 'logics' of either side. Nevertheless, they were made intelligible and valid as a knowledge in place, in time, and as produced by local groups of people. Simple suppression does not explain local knowledge formation, knowledge derives from complex interplays between scientific, indigenous and administrative practices and narratives.
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Lee, Chi-keung, and 李自強. "Pai-fang: gateways to history and socio-politics of indigenous villages in the New Territories." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2013. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B50716074.
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In the past few decades, there are quite a number of Pai-fangs built in the indigenous villages of the New Territories in Hong Kong and the number appears to be on the rise. The phenomenon of having so many pai-fangs in NT indigenous villages in Hong Kong could not be coincidental. They must be built as a result of some negotiation among different stakeholders – the villagers must agree, or at least do not object to the erection of pai-fang in their neighborhood; the government must also agree as they very likely take up government land and many different government departments need to be involved to build the structure.
Pai-fang (牌坊) (literally archway) is a traditional form of Chinese architecture that is a physical gateway to a village. In the past few decades, there were quite a few pai-fangs built in the indigenous villages of the New Territories (NT)1 in Hong Kong and the number appeared to be on the rise. This kind of architecture neither provides physical accommodation for living or storage nor do they provide temporary shelter like a pavilion. In addition, the pai-fangs in Hong Kong are not aesthetically distinguished, especially when compared with those in Chinatowns or in the tourism spots in other countries. Nonetheless, they are increasingly popular in the NT indigenous villages in Hong Kong. It would appear that there are other reasons attributed to their origins and their increased popularity in Hong Kong other than their function or their aesthetic value. In a practical modern society like Hong Kong, when land and resource is scare, who would provide funding to build such architecture and who would find value in such architecture?
The research issue is to address the phenomenon of pai-fang proliferation in the NT indigenous villages which may reflect some historical and socio-political factors in Hong Kong. Indeed, not much work has been done so far on researching pai-fangs in general in Hong Kong, not to mention research focusing on the recent trend in the increasing number of pai-fangs in the NT indigenous villages. Obviously, there is a gap in this area and this dissertation aims to cover the gap in this research by investigating into the reasons for the proliferation of pai-fang in NT indigenous villages, which may reflect some underlying historical and socio-political factors that are unique to Hong Kong.
1 For the sake of definition covered by this dissertation, the indigenous villages of New Territories exclude the indigenous villages in the Outlying Islands and New Kowloon.
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Hsiao, Huei-Chung. "Becoming indigenous : the making of the politics of nature and indigeneity in two Atayal villages of Taiwan." Thesis, Lancaster University, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.577676.
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This study explores the construction of indigeneity in two indigenous villages of Taiwan and how it has been intertwined with environmental politics since the end of the Second World War. Drawing on Stuart Hall's idea of articulation (1996) and Michel Foucault's concept of governmentality (1991), I develop a theoretical framework that regards the construction of indigeneity as a continuous and historically inflected process, and treats environmental politics as a complex dynamics among various 'regimes of ecology', i.e. regimes of government that aim to govern the relations between humans and the environment. The data analysed include government documents, interviews with scholars and governmental officials, and ethnographic data from and archive materials about two indigenous villages, Cinsbu and Hsinkuang. Starting with the Japanese occupation of 1895-1945 and continuing until the early 1990s when the process of political democratisation officially began, the dominant regimes of ecology in Taiwan were exploitative and coercive in nature. One crucial effect of this in Cinsbu and Hsinkuang was the articulation of resistant indigeneity, a product of the villagers' active engagement with these colonial regimes of ecology and the critical ideas and actions that were developed to challenge them. Since the early 1990s, 'neoliberal ecology', a set of regimes of ecology that is more liberating and characterised by more commercialised human-nature relationships, has prevailed. In Cinsbu and Hsinkuang, such a shift from colonial to neoliberal ecology has been manifested mainly through the promotion of tourism and community-based natural resources management by the state, tourism industry, professionals, local indigenous villagers and environmentalists. As a result, a more complex politics of indigeneity and nature, rather than one simply of domination and resistance, has developed, both between the villagers and the state and within the indigenous communities.
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Perezgrovas, Raul. "Validation of indigenous technical knowledge as the basis for the improvement of sustainable livelihoods in Tzotzil villages, Chiapas." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.271461.
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Clebsch, Consuelo Andrade Simões, and 92-99190-1810. "Caracterização hidrogeoquímica e qualidade da água de poços tubulares em aldeias indígenas na região da Amazônia Central." Universidade Federal do Amazonas, 2018. https://tede.ufam.edu.br/handle/tede/6713.
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This paper presents results obtained from the investigation of the hydrogeochemical characteristics and the groundwater quality of the Alter do Chão Aquifer referring to five tubular wells located in indigenous villages of two municipalities of Central Amazonia, which are supported by siliciclastic rocks of Alter geological formations (Cretaceous) and Novo Remanso (Neogene) covered by quaternary fluvial deposits. Physical, physical-chemical, ionic, microbiological, organoleptic and hydrogeological parameters were analyzed. The values of air and water temperature remained relatively homogeneous, varying between 24 ° C and 32.5 °C and 26.6 °C and 28.8 °C, respectively. The pH results show acidic water ranging from 4.67 to 6.58; The electrical conductivity in all studied periods showed values varying between 17.67 and 106.3 (μS /cm), indicating weakly mineralized waters. The results of substances posing a health risk (aluminum, arsenic, barium, cadmium, copper, chromium, fluoride, nitrate, nitrite, nickel and zinc) are mostly below the detection limit of the equipment and the values detected for barium, cadmium, copper, nitrate, nitrite and zinc are below the maximum values allowed by current legislation. All the analytical results obtained from these waters in the seasonal and transitional periods were compared with the potability standards established in the current legislation and are suitable for human consumption, with no evidence of contaminants. The poor mineralization of the analyzed waters reflects the low concentrations of the dissolved constituents, because the water percolates poor soils, typical of the strong weathering to which the region is submitted. The use of the Piper diagram showed a varied hydrochemical behavior, resulting in a varied classification in four wells. In relation to the hydrogeological aspect, in general, the shallower wells (TU, NE and MK) with depths ranging from 46 to 50 meters presented the lowest and best values of static and dynamic levels, indicating more areas of recharge entries, with a higher score for MK in all periods studied.
Este trabalho apresenta resultados obtidos a partir da investigação das características hidrogeoquímicas e a qualidade das águas subterrâneas do Aquífero Alter do Chão referentes a cinco poços tubulares localizados em aldeias indígenas de dois municípios da Amazônia Central, os quais são sustentados por rochas siliciclásticas das Formações geológicas Alter do Chão (Cretáceo) e Novo Remanso (Neógeno) recobertas por depósitos fluviais quaternário. Foram analisados os parâmetros físicos, físico-químicos, iônicos, microbiológicos, organolépticos e hidrogeológicos. Os valores de temperatura do ar e da água mantiveram-se relativamente homogêneos, variando entre 24°C e 32,5°C e 26,6°C e 28,8°C, respectivamente. Os resultados obtidos de pH evidenciam águas de caráter ácido que variam entre 4,67 e 6,58; A condutividade elétrica em todos os períodos estudados mostrou valores variando entre 17,67 e 106,3 (μS/cm), indicando águas fracamente mineralizadas. Os resultados das substâncias que representam risco à saúde (alumínio, arsênio, bário, cádmio, cobre, cromo, fluoreto, nitrato, nitrito, níquel e zinco), em sua grande maioria estão abaixo do limite de detecção do equipamento e os valores detectados para bário, cádmio, cobre, nitrato, nitrito e zinco estão abaixo dos valores máximos permitidos pela legislação vigente. Todos os resultados analíticos obtidos destas águas nos períodos sazonais e transicionais foram comparados com os padrões de potabilidade previstos na legislação vigente e mostram-se próprias para o consumo humano, sem indícios de contaminantes. A fraca mineralização das águas analisadas, reflete as baixas concentrações dos constituintes dissolvidos, isto porque a água percola solos pobres, típicos do forte intemperismo ao qual a região é submetida. A utilização do diagrama de Piper mostrou um comportamento hidroquímico variado, resultando numa classificação variada em quatro poços. Em relação ao aspecto hidrogeológico, de modo geral os poços mais rasos (TU, NE e MK) com profundidades que variam entre 46 a 50 metros apresentaram os menores e melhores valores de níveis estáticos e dinâmicos dando indicativo de mais áreas de entradas de recargas, com destaque maior para o MK em todos os períodos estudados.
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Quiñones, Beltrán Giancarlo. "Neoindigenismo en la obra cinematográfica de Oscar Catacora: Una revisión de la ópera prima Wiñaypacha como pieza Neoindigenista." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/655136.
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El presente trabajo de investigación explora el entorno cultural peruano a través de la ópera prima de Oscar Catacora. El neoindigenismo en la historia de la cultura peruana será revisado y contrastado con obras más recientes que escapan a la literatura en cual se origina este movimiento a fin de evidenciar la presencia de este en la cinta Wiñaypacha del ya mencionado autor. Esto debido al gran aporte a la cultura que dejó el movimiento superando a lo intentado anteriormente por el indigenismo. El trabajo de autores de grandes novelas neoindigenista como Redoble por Rancas sirven de punto de partida para entender la esencia del movimiento. Asimismo, será posible encontrarlo en la cinta de Catacora, en sus expresiones más simbólicas. Por ello la pregunta de investigación que se plantea es ¿Qué aspectos del filme Wiñaypacha pueden ser considerados de la corriente artística Neoindigenista? De esta forma podemos indagar sobre si en la actualidad aún existe la lucha por la igualdad de los pueblos indígenas o pueblos originarios afectada por un posible olvido que lo entenderemos como de parte de la sociedad y el estado hacia estos pueblos.The following research article explores the Peruvian cultural environment through Oscar Catacora's first feature. Neoindigenism in the history of Peruvian culture will be reviewed and contrasted with more recent works that escape the literature in which this movement originates to demonstrate its presence in the Wiñaypacha tape by the aforementioned author. This is due to the great contribution to culture that the movement left behind, surpassing what was previously attempted by indigenism. The work of authors of great neo-indigenous novels like Redoble por Rancas serve as a starting point to understand the essence of the movement. Also, it will be possible to find it in the Catacora film, in its most symbolic expressions. For this reason, the research question that arises is: What aspects of the film Wiñaypacha can be considered from the Neoindigenism artistic trend? In this way we can inquire about whether the struggle for equality of indigenous peoples or indigenous peoples still exists today, affected by a possible forgetfulness that we will understand as part of society and the state towards these peoples.
Trabajo de investigación
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Stewart, Patrick Robert Reid. "Indigenous architecture through indigenous knowledge : dim sagalts’apkw nisiḿ [together we will build a village]." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/52998.
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The purpose of this research was to find out how the culture of an Indigenous architect informs their practice of architecture. The research for this dissertation was motivated by Indigenous Elders responses to my architectural design work as an Indigenous architect. This is the first known research in Canada that privileges the use of Indigenous Knowledge in the design process by Indigenous architects. The results of this research will inform the future education of Indigenous and non-Indigenous students in architecture and their practice within the profession.
The research was based on an Indigenous methodology of respect, reciprocity, redistribution, relevance, reflection, relationship and responsibility. Conversations with nineteen Indigenous architects from Turtle Island, Australia, Cihuatan (El Salvador) and Aotearoa (New Zealand) were recorded, transcribed with content analyzed. They self-identified their culture and its influence on their design work. They assessed their time in architecture school and proposed changes that would assist schools of architecture attracting Indigenous students into the faculty.
The conversations were enlightening in what they did not reveal about the use of Indigenous knowledge in design. Though some of the architects employed Indigenous knowledge in their design process, surprisingly many were not so obvious. There may be many reasons for this, the impact of colonization perhaps the most significant. There was however a general attitude that schools of architecture could do more to attract and retain Indigenous students in their programs. This is significant if universities are truly to embrace cultural competency in an increasingly global economy.Graduate and Postdoctoral Studies
Graduate
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PAIXÃO, ANTONIO JORGE PARAENSE DA. "INTERCULTURALISM AND POLITICS IN SCHOLL EDUCATION INDIGENOUS VILLAGE TEKO HAW - PARÁ." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2010. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=17637@1.
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Este trabalho investiga a relação que a comunidade indígena Tembé, da
aldeia Teko Haw, localizada à margem esquerda do Rio Gurupi, município de
Paragominas (PA), divisa com o estado do Maranhão, mantém com a sua escola.
Utilizando-nos da observação participante, de entrevistas junto aos professores
indígenas e não indígenas e à coordenação das escolas, bem como da incursão a
documentos e leis que fundamentam esta modalidade de ensino, buscamos
compreender os significados e percalços locais assumidos por uma política
educacional pautada pelo conceito de interculturalidade. Para isso, nos
utilizamos do conceito de cultura da escola, de forma a investigar como a escola
da aldeia Teko Haw constitui um território físico e simbólico separado da cultura
da aldeia, tanto no que diz respeito às concepções e à gestão do tempo, quanto
naquilo que os atores identificam como o objetivo da educação escolar. O trabalho
discorre inicialmente sobre a legislação e contextualiza a Educação Escolar
Indígena (EEI) no Estado do Pará e em Paragominas, sobre o povo Tembé, os
conceitos de Interculturalidade e Cultura Escolar e finalmente apresenta a relação
escola x comunidade. Deu-se especial atenção aos modos pelos quais a
comunidade indígena faz uso simbólico e político da escola, tanto no contexto
étnico das aldeias tembé, quanto no contexto interétnico, na sua relação com a
sociedade regional. Tais usos nos servem para analisar tanto as condutas dos
gestores e professores não indígenas que atuam junto às escolas indígenas, quanto
o modo pelo qual as lideranças indígenas atuam junto à escola, de forma a tornar a
relação intercultural menos assimétrica.The thesis investigates the relation that the indigenous community Tembe, Teko Haw village, located on the left bank of the River Gurupi, county Paragominas (PA), border with the state of Maranhao, keeps with their school. Using the participant observation, interviews with teachers indigenous and non indigenous and the coordination of schools, as well as the incursion of documents and laws that support this type of education, we seek understand the local meanings and mishaps made by a educational policy based the concept of interculturalism. For this we use the concept of school culture in order to investigate how the village school Teko Haw constitute a physical and symbolic territory separated from the culture of the village, both with regard of the conceptions and the management of time, when what actors to identify how the goal of the school education. The paper deals initially with the legislation and sets the ERA in the state of Pará and Paragominas on the Tembe people, the concepts of Culture and Intercultural school and finally presents the relation x community school. Gave up a particular attention to the ways in which the Indian community makes use of the school in a symbolical and political way, both in the context of ethnic villages Tembe, as in the interethnic context of its relationship with the regional society. Such uses will help us analyze the behavior of both managers and non-native teachers who work with indigenous schools, and the way in which indigenous leaders make the school so as to make the intercultural relation less asymmetrical.
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Lethbridge, Amy. "Embera Drua: The Impact of Tourism on Indigenous Village Life in Panama." Antioch University / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=antioch1475762365668354.
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Tang, Tsui-yee Eastre. "A sociolinguistic study of the "indigenous residents" of Tsing Yi Island a preliminary survey /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 1988. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B31949691.
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McLean, Diane Lynn. "Indigenous Tswana architecture: with specific reference to the Tshidi Rolong village at Mafikeng." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007600.
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This essay is divided roughly into two main sections; in the first I have discussed the Tswana as a whole, their environment, their origins and their more recent history. In addition to this, I have tried to give a clear picture of their tribal political structure and economic activities, as well as their domestic activities, all of which are integrally linked to the kind of house form adopted by the Tswana. The last, and most important, part of the first section is a presentation of some of the earliest written descriptions of Tswana dwellings made by the first white travellers to enter Tswana territory. The second section takes the form of a presentation of findings observed during the course of personal field research undertaken in the Tshidi-Rolong village outside Mafikeng. This research was done by means of a number of questionnaires drawn up by myself and filled in on the spot with information supplied by house owners and sometimes the builders themselves. This survey was carried out largely at random, with several of the houses chosen arbitrarily because of an interesting feature which set them apart from other dwellings. This written information is backed up by a large bulk of visual information in the form of photographs taken personally, both of the dwellings in general, and of details of the houses. Although this essay may appear to be rather fragmented, my aim is to give a graphic account of changes in Tswana dwellings by comparing features of contemporary dwellings with those observed in the early nineteenth century. The fact that among the Tswana , the building style of one sub-tribe may vary slightly from that of another subtribe, has not affected my study to any large extent , since I was fortunate enough to have done my field research among a branch of one of the original groups, namely the Rolong, whose houses, along with those of the Tlhaping, were the first to be documented. Therefore, most of the differences which have occurred between the dwellings of the contemporary Tshidi-Rolong and those from the early nineteenth century are a direct result of the process of westernisation.
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Yabaki, Tamarisi, and n/a. "WOMEN�S LIFE IN A FIJIAN VILLAGE." University of Canberra. School of Education and Community Studies, 2006. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20070525.122849.
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The impact of the market economy is a significant challenge facing Fijian rural
communities. It is especially challenging for indigenous rural women who are managing
the shift from a subsistence way of living to engagement in money generating activities.
The challenge is more acute amongst disadvantaged populations such as women in rural
communities who lack the resources and the political power to manage these challenges.
The thesis provides a critical ethnographic, action-research study of the daily socioeconomic
experiences of a group of Fijian village women, at this time of significant
change. It provides and in-depth case study of a rural Fijian village located in the upper
reaches of the Sigatoka Valley. The case study focuses on the women�s perspectives
about their daily lived experiences and actions that followed from reflection on these,
drawing out from these implications for indigenous Fijian women�s social progress and
development. Herself, a member of the community, the researcher gathered data by a
combination of participant observation, survey, diaries, focus groups and interviews. The
researcher�s observations and understandings were fed back to the participants in the
form of a workshop with the intention of confirmation and to provide and opportunity for
action based on this reflection. It is argued that the success of managing the influence of
the market economy on the villagers is to create social and political spaces and
opportunities to hear and understand local epistemologies and daily lived experiences,
reflexively.
As an indigenous scholar, the researcher interrogates and deconstructs her own academic
epistemologies and positions as a knowledge broker in order to co-construct new
practices with her people. The research promises to make public Fijian village women�s
knowledge, values, practices and experiences so that they can be understood by local
scholars and local government development officers. Privileging the village women�s
knowledge and bringing it to the core is a significant political act that might form the
basis of proceeding political encounters that women will face in the development process.
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Sundman, Anna. "Between-ness, A community center : Building within an indigenous framework, Niubasaga village, Fiji islands." Thesis, KTH, Arkitektur, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-34770.
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With the advancing issues relating to climate change, Fiji amongst other islands are in need of development to address these issues quickly. However, development must also relate to the socio-cultural aspects and avoid pacifying communities in their development. This project address these issues for a rural village in Fiji, proposing a design relevant to the indigenous community as well as a work process for developers.
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Mogale, Moneri Sanah. "The use of indigenous knowledge in beef cattle husbandry in Tshebela Village, Limpopo Province." Thesis, University of Limpopo, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/1959.
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Thesis (M. Dev.) -- University of Limpopo, 2017There is a gap in the literature about the role and relevance of Indigenous Knowledge and beef cattle welfare in many parts of the Limpopo province. This gap is relevant because many marginalised cattle owners use indigenous knowledge in their day to day management of beef cattle. The aim of the study is to investigate the use of IK methods on beef cattle husbandry in Tshebela village in the Capricorn district of the Limpopo province as a contribution to filling the void identified above. The objectives of the study were as follows: -To investigate the IK methods used in beef cattle husbandry in the area of the study; -To assess if beef farmers use IK to identify medicinal plants to cure beef cattle; -To investigate farmers‘ perceptions and attitudes on the use of IKS on beef cattle husbandry in the area of study. A qualitative methodology that was used was primarily phenomenological in design. A purposive sampling technique was used and twenty seven (27) traditional beef farmers, two (2) local herbalists were recruited as participants. Data was collected through focus group discussions, key informant interviews, and observations. An interpretative phenomenological-based analysis was used to surface the role and relevance of indigenous knowledge in beef cattle husbandry. The findings suggest that indigenous knowledge is used by cattle owners alongside modern knowledge and that communal farming posed some challenges to the farmers.
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Tang, Tsui-yee Eastre, and 鄧翠怡. "A sociolinguistic study of the "indigenous residents" of Tsing Yi Island: a preliminary survey." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1988. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31949691.
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Dudley, Eric. "The critical villager : technical aid for rural housing and the characteristics of indigenous technology change." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.386924.
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Moatlhaping, Segametsi Oreeditse S. "The role of indigenous governance system(s) in sustainable development : case of Moshupa Village, Botswana /." Thesis, Link to the online version, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10019/443.
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Cooke, Aaron M. "How to Move a Village: Architectural Response to the Changing Arctic." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1242841024.
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Khosa, Josephine. "The legal protection of indigenous plants with reference to pterocarpus angolensis in Rolle village, Limpopo Province." Thesis, University of Limpopo (Turfloop Campus), 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/825.
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Sithavhakhomu, Thilivhali Simon. "Challenges facing local communities in utilising and sustaining indigenous medicinal plants in the Thengwe village of Limpopo Province." Thesis, University of Limpopo (Turfloop Campus), 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/827.
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Thesis (M.Dev.) --University of Limpopo, 2012The main aim or purpose of this study was to look at the ways and the strategies of minimizing\ mitigating the over-harvesting of indigenous medicinal plants in order to use them sustainably. The task of identifying and assessing challenges facing local communities in utilizing and sustaining indigenous medicinal plants in Thengwe village and their implications on environmental conservation and management of natural resources was done during the pilot survey. The environmental field survey was conducted after gaining permission to enter into the identified study areas including the Mutavhatsindi Nature Reserve. The result revealed that most of the indigenous medicinal plants are used for healing, religious, economical and for protection purposes. Most of the indigenous medicinal plants in the study area are depleted and many of them are facing extinction. The study was qualitative in design. Semi-structured interviews and a questionnaire were used. The questionnaire had both open-ended and closed questions. The study area was Thengwe Village in the Mutale Municipality. The existence of medicinal plants is threatened by people `s perceptions and attitudes towards them. For some indigenous medicinal plants, depletion is at a high rate due to over-harvesting and because the plants when traded by herbalists they have a premium price attached to them. Interestingly, perhaps surprisingly, the majority of young people hold negative attitudes towards the indigenous medicinal plants due to poor knowledge of the value of indigenous medicinal plants, in contrast to the elders who appreciate their role and consider them as part of their culture, economy and religion. One of the findings is that medicinal plants were found to be important to the community members as the source of income and creation of jobs for the medicinal collectors who sell the species to traditional healers. For the reason of preserving indigenous medicinal plants and others as the environmental resources, this study recommends that there should be strong intergovernmental relationships between the National, Provincial and Local governments in order to prevent over-harvesting of the medicinal plants. The indigenous medicinal plants are equally important to biodiversity students and researchers who want to study and research indigenous medicinal plants which play an important role in the improvement of the livelihoods of community members. Furthermore, education campaigns within the communities and school learners are recommended to encourage the prevention, sustainability and utilization of the indigenous medicinal plants. Additionally, the legal authorities should be empowered to prosecute all people who may be found illegally in possession of indigenous medicinal plants, as well as endangered and protected species. Heavy fines and charges should be imposed on such culprits. Of importance is the fact that the results and recommendations of this study may facilitate the teaching of environmental education and management of natural resources as well as boost the local economy of the Vhembe district Municipality by showing that medicinal plants in the area can be seen as a viable tourist attraction.
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Santa, Cruz Darlane, and Cruz Darlane Santa. "Borne of Capitalism: Razing Compulsory Education by Raising Children with Popular and Village Wisdom." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/620912.
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This multi-modal dissertation examines the historical hegemonic making of U.S. education, and how compulsory schooling has framed acceptable notions of culture, language/literacy, and knowledge production. Through this criticism of colonization and education, theoretical and practical alternatives are explored for the opportunities outside mainstream schooling in the US. In examining the literary work on decolonizing education, these efforts can engage in unlearning of coloniality by finding examples from a time before colonization. In contemporary society, the practice of de/unschooling can hold the possibilities for decolonizing education. To demonstrate how families of color in the U.S. engage with unschooling, interview questions serve as the sharing of knowledge and experience so as to ground the research in lived reality. A brief survey of critical education and critical pedagogy broadens those already critical of schools and/or receptive to the criticism of schools and the un/deschooling alternative then places student and family/community as the center of learning and teaching.
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Albano, Adrian L. "Sustaining Tropical Montane Forest and Communities in Transition: Changes in Landscape and Indigenous Peoples in an Ifugao Village, Philippines." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/175198.
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Kyoto University (京都大学)0048
新制・課程博士
博士(地域研究)
甲第17704号
地博第152号
新制||地||50(附属図書館)
30470
京都大学大学院アジア・アフリカ地域研究研究科東南アジア地域研究専攻
(主査)准教授 竹田 晋也, 教授 小林 繁男, 教授 清水 展, 教授 岩田 明久
学位規則第4条第1項該当
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Ironstrack, George Michael. "FROM THE ASHES: ONE STORY OF THE VILLAGE OF PINKWI MIHTOHSEENIAKI." Oxford, Ohio : Miami University, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=miami1153744897.
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Karnyski, Margaret A. "Ethnomedical and biomedical health care and healing practices among the Rathwa adivasi of Kadipani village, Gujarat State, India." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2009. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0003050.
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Hale, Tamara. "Mixing and its challenges : an ethnography of race, kinship and history in a village of Afro-indigenous descent in coastal Peru." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2014. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1075/.
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This thesis, based on 16 months of ethnographic fieldwork, is about ordinary Peruvians of mixed African slave and indigenous descent. It shows that villagers in Yapatera, northern Peru, have responded to contradictory historical forces through everyday practices of ‘mixing’. Villagers live in a society that officially downplays the significance of race while it simultaneously discriminates against non-white ‘others’. The thesis finds that villagers reject the ethnic (‘AfroPeruvian’) and racial (‘black’) labels cast upon them by outsiders, and instead illustrates how villagers are engaged in a variety of social practices and local narratives which stress the cultural, social, religious, political and economic integration of the community into the local region, and which seek to deemphasise its potential ethnic distinctiveness. ‘Mixing’ permeates through villagers’ ideas and practices relating to human physiology, procreation, descent, marriage, personhood, historicity, religion, place-making, local politics, and relations with the state. However, mixing is ultimately a fragile project. ‘Race’, as a social divider, reappears often in the very practices or domains where mixing occurs. Mixing itself can be understood as an attempt to overcome thinly-veiled local racist discourses. It is also an attempt to negotiate oneself out of the very undesirable category of ‘black’, and as such it bears continuities with historical social practices. Mixing is not so much an outright resistance to racism, nor is it a straightforward appropriation of nationalist ideologies. Instead mixing is to be understood as an alternative form of knowledge: an autochthonous attempt to engage with these external forces. By bridging the gap between Andean anthropology and the study of Afro-descendants in a variety of disciplines, the thesis helps fill a gap on mestizaje as a form of lived experience. By highlighting the central role of kinship in ideas and practices of mixing, it also indicates the wider implications of mixing for anthropological theory.
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COSTA, Risonete Santiago da. "Educa??o escolar ind?gena em uma escola do Oiapoque." Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, 2016. https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/jspui/2161.
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This dissertation is a research work at the public Indigenous School Jorge Iaparr?, which is part of the Indigenous Land Ua??, Karipuna of ethnicity, which is located in the village of Manga, municipality of Oiapoque, State of Amap?. This research aimed to report the historical process of construction of the indigenous education and its implications in the educational process where we had the State Indigenous School Jorge Iaparr? as locus school research. Therefore we focus on how historically gave all territorial occupation process of the municipality of Oiapoque whose context occupation exerted great influence in the historical process of building cultural partner Karipuna ethnicity. We also investigated the historical processes of origin of ethnicity, culture, language, socio-economic and political organization. From these findings we see how was the process of education of the indigenous of this ethnic group, the origin of the village Manga and the whole school life in this village. In this context we focus all historicity of school education in its early stages and in the contexts of the various laws that guide the indigenous education considering the specificity of this type of education training of indigenous teachers and non-indigenous. For the analysis we carried out interviews with indigenous teachers, leaders and local and national educational proposals. This whole process was initially through ethnographic research and then carries out new data collection through case study. It was possible to carry out this study in a contextualized perception of indigenous education from the perception of interviewed people.
Esta disserta??o ? um trabalho de pesquisa desenvolvida na Escola Ind?gena Estadual Jorge Iaparr?, que faz parte da Terra Ind?gena Ua?a, da etnia Karipuna, que est? localizada na Aldeia Manga, Munic?pio de Oiapoque, Estado do Amap?. Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo principal relatar o processo hist?rico de constru??o da educa??o escolar ind?gena e suas implica??es no processo educacional, onde tivemos a Escola Ind?gena Estadual Jorge Iaparr?, como escola l?cus da pesquisa. Para tanto enfocamos como se deu historicamente o processo de ocupa??o territorial do Munic?pio de Oiapoque, cujo contexto de ocupa??o exerceu grande influ?ncia no processo hist?rico de constru??o s?cio cultural da etnia Karipuna. Tamb?m investigamos os processos hist?ricos de origem desta etnia, sua cultura, l?ngua, organiza??o socioecon?mica e pol?tica. A partir destas constata??es, verificamos como ocorreu o processo de escolariza??o dos ind?genas desta etnia, a origem da aldeia Manga e a trajet?ria escolar nesta aldeia. Neste contexto enfocamos a historicidade da educa??o escolar em sua fase inicial e nos contextos das v?rias legisla??es que norteiam a educa??o escolar ind?gena, considerando a especificidade desta modalidade de educa??o, a forma??o de professores ind?genas e n?o ind?genas. Para as an?lises buscamos as entrevistas realizadas com os professores ind?genas, lideran?as e as propostas educacionais locais e nacionais. Todo este processo se deu inicialmente atrav?s de pesquisa etnogr?fica e posteriormente realizamos novas coletas de dados atrav?s de estudo de caso, onde foi poss?vel realizar um estudo numa forma contextualizada de educa??o escolar ind?gena a partir da vis?o dos entrevistados.
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Klekottka, Anna. "Ngaromoana Raureti Tomoana : indigenous village artist, story teller and ahi kaa : [a thesis submitted in partial fulfillment [ie. fulfilment] of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Art History /." Thesis, University of Canterbury. School of Humanities, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/3683.
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Ngaromoana Raureti Tomoana is a painter from the East Coast of the North Island. In more than 30 years she has produced and shown a large body of work, like many other women artists concurrently juggling motherhood and artistic performance. Over approximately the last 10 years, she has formalized her education completing the Advanced Diploma for Maori Visual Arts at Toihoukura in Gisborne as well as a Bachelor of Arts and a Masters of Maori Visual Arts at Massey University.
The artist, who identifies as an Indigenous Village Artist, is hardly known outside her local area of Northern Hawkes Bay, and, apart from a short feature in Mataora , a picture in Te Ata , and various catalogue entries, little has been written about her work. This thesis introduces Ngaromoana Raureti Tomoana and explores the notion of an indigenous village art. I incorporate feminist and postcolonial discourses into a political and critical engagement with her art, which addresses issues of village and land based cultural identity as well as race and gender. I argue that her work is politically motivated and important in the context of contemporary Maori art. Furthermore, based on a holistic world view, it simultaneously reaches out into the wider, global community. Intertwining local and personal history, her oeuvre is the manifestation of a female path and a female perspective, of identification with her village and beyond.
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Motta, Aline Villela de Mello. "Tekoa Pyau: uma aldeia Guarani na metrópole." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2007. http://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/2716.
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Previous issue date: 2007-10-05Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
This study aims at portraying one of the Guarani villages in Jaraguá district, in São Paulo city, the Tekoa Pyau, focusing on the history of its formation, from the perspective of a tekoa creation, analysing how the Guarani indigenous people could re-insert in the geographic space, culturalizing and transforming it into a part of the Guarani universe. Moreover, the research aims at understanding how the Guarani comprehend their permanence in Jaraguá and their insertion in the urban area, how they see the non-indigenous people and the future of these relationships; that is to say how they manage their life in this metropolis and keep up their tradition. This village is located in an area on the margins of Bandeirantes highway, in the west part of the paulista capital, with few resources for their survival. Its inhabitants live, mainly, from the sale of handicrafts and some sporadic donation. The analysis of the collected data seems to indicate that the Guarani at the same time that they fight against the entropy and the messy contact with the non-indigenous people, they notice how essential this contact is for their survival. Taking all these aspects into consideration, they manage to keep their historical and cultural traditions, what could be noticed throughout this research and also in the presentation of the youngsters´vision of the future
Este estudo objetiva retratar uma das aldeias Guarani do bairro do Jaraguá, na cidade de São Paulo, o Tekoa Pyau, enfocando a história de sua formação na ótica da criação de um tekoa, analisando como se reinseriram no espaço geográfico e o culturalizaram, transformando-o em uma parte do universo Guarani. Além disso, procura entender como os Guarani compreendem a permanência no Jaraguá e sua inserção no meio urbano, como vêem o não índio e o futuro dessas relações, isto é, como articulam sua vida na metrópole e mantém a consonância com sua tradição. A aldeia localiza-se em uma área às margens da rodovia Bandeirantes, na zona oeste da capital paulista e possui poucos recursos para sua sobrevivência. Seus habitantes vivem, principalmente, da venda de artesanato e de doações esporádicas. A análise dos dados coletados parece indicar que os Guarani, ao mesmo tempo que lutam contra a entropia, contra o contato desordenado com os não indígenas, percebem o quão indispensável este contato é para sua sobrevivência. Com tudo isso, eles conseguem preservar suas tradições históricas e culturais, o que pôde ser percebido no decorrer da pesquisa e também na exposição da visão de futuro dos mais jovens
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Watson, Sarah Louise. "Assessing the Impacts of Unrestricted Pesticide Use in Small-Scale Agriculture on Water Quality and Associated Human Health and Ecological Implications in an Indigenous Village in Rural Panam[aacute]." Scholar Commons, 2014. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/5149.
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In 2014, the global pesticide industry's projected worth is $52 billion and by 2020, the developing world will make up one-third of the world's chemical production and consumption. Pesticides can have unintended negative consequences for human health and the environment, especially in the developing world where regulations are loose or nonexistent. One country with unrestricted use of pesticides is Panam[aacute], especially in Santa Rosa de Cucunatí. In this indigenous village, small-scale farmers and ranchers spray paraquat, glyphosate, picloram, and 2,4-D at higher elevations than the spring water source of a gravity-fed water system, the river, and the village. The objective of this study was to estimate the concentration of these pesticides in the water system and the river and to perform a human health and ecological risk assessment.
Pesticide fate and transport models in the graphical user interface EXAMS-PRZMS Exposure Simulation Shell (EXPRESS), which was developed by the United States Environmental Protection Agency, were used to predict concentrations of the four mentioned pesticides in drinking water and the river using chemical properties, data from Food and Agriculture Organization and Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, and the author's experience as a Peace Corps Volunteer. The results from Tier I model FQPA Index Reservoir Screening Tool (FIRST) were used to compare immediate and delayed rain events, noting minimal difference. The Tier II PRZM-EXAMS shell provided estimated drinking water concentration (EDWC) profiles. The paraquat profile was much lower than picloram, glyphosate, and 2,4-D, which had almost identical profiles with peak concentrations around 12 ppm and the average annual concentration 100 ppb.
Average Daily Dose (ADD) via drinking water was calculated for men, women, and children using model results and compared to the oral reference dose (RfD). ADDs only exceeded the RfD with maximum peak EDWCs, implying low risk. However, RfD was used to calculate a breakpoint concentration, the concentration at which each pesticide presents a risk to the consumer. This was then compared to the maximum peak (highest, i.e. worst-case scenario) and annual (lowest, i.e. best-case scenario) EDWC profiles. In the best-case scenario, glyphosate and picloram did not pose a threat, paraquat posed a moderate threat and 2,4-D posed a high threat, with the concentration exceeding the breakpoint for 90 percent of the years. With respect to the worst-case scenario, all four chemicals posed high threats to the consumer. Individual exposure via consumption of fish from the river was calculated using a calculated bioconcentration (BCF) factor and calculated breakpoint concentrations. For the best case scenario, picloram presented a low risk and 2,4-D presented a high risk but for the worst case, both of these chemicals presented a very high risk. An additive exposure of these two human health pathways found that for the best case scenario, exposure from most of the four chemicals did not approach the RfD. However, for the worst-case scenario the exposures were significantly higher than the oral RfD--therefore, between the lowest and the highest concentrations, the general population is at risk.
For the ecological risk assessment, the 96-hour peak profile was compared to the 96-hour lethal dose (LD50); glyphosate posed a high risk to fathead minnows and low risk to bluegills and 2,4-D presented a high risk to fathead minnows, low risk to channel catfish, and very high risk to bluegills. A more general risk assessment compared maximum peak and annual concentrations to the US EPA's aquatic life benchmarks. Glyphosate presented no threat and 2,4-D only presented a threat to plants. For picloram, fish were at very high risk at the chronic level and low risk at the acute level, and plants were at moderate risk. Paraquat presented the most significant threat to aquatic life, exceeding benchmarks for all plants and invertebrates at the chronic level 100 percent of the time. It presented no threat to fish in the best-case scenario, but a high risk for fish at the chronic level in the worst case scenario, as well as very high risk for all invertebrates and plants. Improvements in application and watershed protection as part of a multi-disciplinary approach are proposed in place of technological mitigation strategies. Recommendations for future studies include the development of a developing-world context model and experimental studies in the developing world to compare to model results, where possible.
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Rosenberg, J. Shoshana. "Study of Prestige and Resource Control Using Fish Remains from Cathlapotle, a Plankhouse Village on the Lower Columbia River." PDXScholar, 2015. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/2356.
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Social inequality is a trademark of Northwest Coast native societies, and the relationship between social prestige and resource control, particularly resource ownership, is an important research issue on the Northwest Coast. Faunal remains are one potential but as yet underutilized path for examining this relationship. My thesis work takes on this approach through the analysis of fish remains from the Cathlapotle archaeological site (45CL1). Cathlapotle is a large Chinookan village site located on the Lower Columbia River that was extensively excavated in the 1990s. Previous work has established prestige distinctions between houses and house compartments, making it possible to examine the relationship between prestige and the spatial distribution of fish remains. In this study, I examine whether having high prestige afforded its bearers greater access to preferred fish, utilizing comparisons of fish remains at two different levels of social organization, between and within households, to determine which social mechanisms could account for potential differences in access to fish resources. Differential access to these resources within the village could have occurred through household-level ownership of harvesting sites or control over the post-harvesting distribution of food by certain individuals.
Previous work in this region on the relationship between faunal remains and prestige has relied heavily on ethnohistoric sources to determine the relative value of taxa. These sources do not provide adequate data to make detailed comparisons between all of the taxa encountered at archaeological sites, so in this study I utilize optimal foraging theory as an alternative means of determining which fish taxa were preferred. Optimal foraging theory provides a universal, quantitative analytical rule for ranking fish that I was able to apply to all of the taxa encountered at Cathlapotle. Given these rankings, which are based primarily on size, I examine the degree to which relative prestige designations of two households (Houses 1 and 4) and compartments within one of those households (House 1) are reflected in the spatial distribution of fish remains. I also offer a new method for quantifying sturgeon that utilizes specimen weight to account for differential fragmentation rates while still allowing for sturgeon abundance to be compared to the abundances of other taxa that have been quantified by number of identified specimens (NISP).
Based on remains recovered from 1/4" mesh screens, comparisons between compartments within House 1 indicate that the chief and possibly other elite members of House 1 likely had some control over the distribution of fish resources within their household, taking more of the preferred sturgeon and salmon, particularly more chinook salmon, for themselves. Comparisons between households provide little evidence to support household-based ownership of fishing sites. A greater abundance of chinook salmon in the higher prestige House 1 may indicate ownership of fishing platforms at major chinook fisheries such as Willamette Falls or Cascades Rapids, but other explanations for this difference between households are possible. Analyses of a limited number of bulk samples, which were included in the study in order to examine utilization of very small fishes, provided insufficient data to allow for meaningful intrasite comparisons. These data indicate that the inhabitants of Cathlapotle were exploiting a broad fish subsistence base that included large numbers of eulachon and stickleback in addition to the larger fishes. This study provides a promising approach for examining prestige on the Northwest Coast and expanding our understanding of the dynamics between social inequality and resource access and control.
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Tavares, Aroldo da Silva. "Céus Sobre as fronteiras: um estudo sobre astronomia Avá-Guarani, multiculturalidade e suas representações." Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Parana, 2015. http://tede.unioeste.br:8080/tede/handle/tede/2567.
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Previous issue date: 2015-03-27This dissertation presents itself as an interdisciplinary study mainly based on the methodology proposed by the micro history. With the central issue reminiscences of astronomy Avá-Guarani and its transmission, both in formal and in informal. The object of study was the Avá-Guarani-village Tekoa Ocoy and mostly students and state servers Indigenous Teko Ñemoingo College. However, the discussions extended by the tri-border region in particular the city of Foz do Iguaçu. We seek a real subjects of approach and also an analysis of speeches issued by them and about them. We also found some buildings and uses made by such representations, both by individuals and by institutions and large projects. Aim Avá-Guarani astronomy as the fundamental cultural feature to be preserved, and transmitted redefined, becomes an identity-forming element. We note, an indigenous culture in transformation, to get in touch with other forms of knowledge, especially the school, the non-indigenous she adapts. Astronomy showed us a real subjects and its dynamic culture, existing at the border, in the broadest sense, territorial, cultural, and economic, that redefining their existence and identity every day.
Esta dissertação apresenta-se como um estudo interdisciplinar baseado, principalmente na metodologia proposta pela micro-história. Tendo como problemática central as reminiscências da astronomia Avá-Guarani e sua transmissão, tanto na educação formal quanto na informal. O objeto de estudo foi os Avá-Guarani da aldeia Tekoa Ocoy e, principalmente, os alunos e servidores do Colégio estadual Indígena Teko Ñemoingo. No entanto, as discussões se estenderam pela região da tríplice fronteira, em especial, a cidade de Foz do Iguaçu. Buscamos uma aproximação dos sujeitos reais e também uma análise dos discursos emitidos por eles e sobre eles. Também verificamos algumas construções e usos feitos por essas representações, tanto pelos indivíduos quanto pelas instituições e grandes projetos. Apontamos a astronomia Avá-Guarani como característica cultural fundamental que, ao ser preservada, ressignificada e transmitida, torna-se um elemento de formação identitária. Verificamos uma cultura indígena em transformação que, ao entrar em contato com outras formas de saber, sobretudo o escolar, o não indígena, ela se adapta. A astronomia nos revelou sujeitos reais e sua cultura dinâmica, existindo na fronteira, no mais amplo sentido, territorial, cultural, e econômico, ressignificando sua existência e identidade a cada dia.
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April, Wilfred Isak. "An exploration of entrepreneurship potential among rural youth in Namibia : the Arandis village." Diss., Lincoln University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10182/1459.
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Background: Entrepreneurship potential amongst rural Nama youth should be considered a courageous idea to enhance the motivation and development of the community. At independence in 1990, Namibia developed its own economic and youth policies which were drafted in alignment with the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), which address concerns about the role rural young people, can play in their own communities. Theoretical Background: This paper explores the role of indigenous entrepreneurship as it pertains to development amongst rural youth in Namibia. It considers the cultural context within which entrepreneurship takes place. To identify and understand the cultural context, the study draws upon the theoretical frameworks of Geert Hofstede, specifically his continuum of individualism/collectivism. The need to continually incorporate new aspects whilst consciously maintaining the traditional, reflects a key African concept, that of "Ubuntu" (unmuntu ngumutu ngabantu). Methodology: An empirical investigation of rural youth in Arandis village was conducted. To explore the significance of entrepreneurship, culture and the notion of Ubuntu in Africa, a comprehensive study of stakeholder views at both a community and national level was also carried out. These investigations were guided by questionnaires, in-depth interviews (supported by story-telling), playback national radio interviews, a panel discussion and a review of Namibian policy documents. Analysis of data also explored practical initiatives and possible forms of enterprise which could contribute to the creation of opportunity for youth in Arandis and in Namibia. Findings: The major findings of this thesis are that: entrepreneurship in Namibia is defined by participants and stakeholders as the efforts made by an individual in accumulating the necessary resources to benefit the community; rural young people in Arandis are potential entrepreneurs (illustrated, by the strong passion they showed to be role models in their community and their strong sense of cultural identity).
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Navarro, Marco Aurélio. "Daniel Munduruku: o índio-autor na Aldeia Global." Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie, 2014. http://tede.mackenzie.br/jspui/handle/tede/2344.
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Previous issue date: 2014-02-13Fundo Mackenzie de Pesquisa
The Brazilian Indigenous Literature can be understood as an attempt at self realization in the face of centuries of colonization which left in the mind of the western society stereotypes which have disqualified the native culture. As a tool of resistance, the Indigenous Literature has been able to give visibility to minor ethnical groups in a national scope, thanks to the weariless work of indigenous authors who have fought for not letting their legends and myths become just folklore or something belonging to a distant past in the Brazilian History. Among them, Daniel Munduruku stands out as a significant leadership in this political and literary movement which developed at the end of the 20th century. His effort is to show readers the richness and wisdom of the indigenous culture in Brazil, so as they can better understand its importance for the ethnic formation of the country. Daniel Munduruku culturally hybrid goes from the village to the city, from the sacred to the profane, recognizes himself locally, however, does not deny the urgency to live with the Global Village, markedly technological and capitalist. Thus, this current work intends to present him as author with a postmodern identity, whose works mix various discursive genres, which makes them literally hybrid. For this, we have selected narratives which deal with recurring themes, like the ancestral memory (myths and legends), the personal memory, the indigenous religiosity and some works which show his critical posture in the face of postmodern times.
A Literatura Indígena brasileira pode ser entendida como um esforço de autoafirmação diante de séculos de colonização que deixaram no imaginário da sociedade ocidental estereótipos que desqualificaram a cultura nativa. Como instrumento de resistência, a Literatura Indígena tem conseguido dar visibilidade às minorias étnicas no âmbito nacional, graças ao trabalho incansável de autores indígenas que lutam para que suas lendas e mitos não sejam apenas folclore ou algo pertencente a um passado distante da História brasileira. Dentre eles, destaca-se Daniel Munduruku como uma liderança representativa nesse movimento político e literário que se desenvolveu a partir do final do século XX. Seu esforço é o de mostrar aos leitores a riqueza e a sabedoria da cultura indígena no Brasil, para que possam compreender melhor a sua importância para a formação do país. Daniel Munduruku culturalmente híbrido - transita entre a aldeia e a cidade, entre o sagrado e o profano, reconhece-se no local, mas sem negar a urgência de conviver com a Aldeia Global, marcadamente tecnológica e capitalista. Dessa forma, o presente trabalho pretende apresentá-lo como um autor de identidade pós-moderna, cuja obra mescla variados gêneros discursivos, o que a torna literariamente híbrida. Para tal, reunimos narrativas que tratam de temas recorrentes em sua obra, como a memória ancestral (os mitos e as lendas), a memória pessoal, a religiosidade indígena e algumas obras que mostram a sua postura crítica diante dos tempos pós-modernos.
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Makaula, Phiwe Ndonana. "Aspects of moral education in Bhaca mamtiseni and nkciyo initiation rituals / Makaula P.N." Thesis, North-West University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/4850.
Full textAbstract:
The main objective of this mini–dissertation is to investigate the basic form and
content of moral education as it manifests itself in the mamtiseni and nkciyo
female initiation rituals of the Mount Frere region of the Eastern Cape Province of
the Republic of South Africa. The main theoretical position taken is the reemergent
African Renaissance coupled with African indigenous knowledge
systems, first revived by (former) President Thabo Mbeki. Accordingly the main
purpose of this study is to address the transmission of moral aspects of female
Bhaca initiation inherent in behavioural/cultural educational enculturation.
The main findings of the mini–dissertation constitute the following:
1. Mamtiseni and nkciyo rituals play a major role in the enculturation of
young Bhaca girls.
2. The song texts carry strong messages of how to go about achieving a
healthy and surviving society.
There are further opportunities for research in the following aspects:
1. Nkciyo initiation schools are very exclusive, involving many secret codes.
The fact that I am a male put me at a disadvantage.
2. There are many more points of difference between the two rituals than
meets the eye.Thesis (M.Mus.)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2011.
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Mearns, Martie Alet. "Conservation of indigenous knowledge." Thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/778.
Full textAbstract:
In this thesis the extent of indigenous knowledge (IK) conservation at cultural villages in South Africa was investigated. A literature review was conducted to define IK clearly, also in terms of indigenous peoples, and to determine which cultural villages representing the South African population groups are eligible to be included in this research. A classification of IK was done and this classification was integrated with the activities that were identified at cultural villages. The debate on cultural villages was discussed, including their advantages, disadvantages, environmental and socio-economic impact, and threats were pointed out. All the cultural villages that were operational at the time of the research were identified and spatially presented. A census of all the cultural villages in South Africa was conducted by using the telephonic interview surveying technique. Aspects such as the cultural grouping representation of cultural villages in South Africa, years of operation, busiest times and target markets, activities offered and participated in, employment statistics and ownership were pointed out. From the results of this survey some significant trends could be identified, especially relating to the type of ownership of the cultural villages and the target market that they serve. The results from the telephonic survey were used to aid in the selection of six case studies, which were visited. Some principles of a knowledge audit were used to determine the extent of indigenous knowledge conservation at cultural villages. Questionnaires were developed that were used during interviews with a sample group of the employees as well as the visitors at the cultural villages. The results of these questionnaires were analysed and reported on. The extent of knowledge transfer from employees to visitors was tested from both the visitors’ side and the employees’ side. A comparative study between the six cultural villages followed, in which the extent of IK conservation at cultural villages could be determined. A number of statistical tests were conducted to determine whether there were significant trends in opinions expressed by both employees and visitors and various criteria that were selected. Best practices of the six case studies were also pointed out, along with recommendations that could improve the conservation of IK at cultural villages.Prof. A.S.A. du Toit
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LEE-Yen-Ting and 李彥廷. "An Inquiry Study of Betel Nut Culture and Health Issue among tree Taitung Indigenous Villages in Taiwan:Taromak,Lalaulan and Cikanga." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/9sqs49.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺東大學
生命科學系碩士班
102
This study surveyed different indigenous betel nut culture in different environment, include Coastal Cikanga, Lowland Lalaulan, Mountainous Taromak, from July 1 2013 to December 31 2013. Our study investigated aboriginal betel nut chewing way and the effects of healthy. We hope to find a way of betel nut chewing to conform the aboriginal culture, and care both physical and mental health. Betel nut is important in aboriginal living. Include betel fruit, trunk of betel tree could build up houses, aqueduct and bridges. Leaf of betel nut can be a toy, used to cover food and be a fan. Cikanga tribe has also a culture of eating growth buds and flower of betel nut. The results showed betel nut chewing has benefit of refreshing, reduce tooth decay, relax mind and decrease schizophrenia prevalence. The defect of betel nut are easy to cause periodontal disease, cardiovascular disease, obesity, type II diabetes, nephrology disease, cancer and newborn low body weight. This study were recommended that further issues, such as the way to reduce or remove arecoline and safrole, betel nut eating methods and amount, developing of betel nut
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Hlaiseka, Amukelani Eulendor. "Indigenous approaches to forecasting rainfall for adaptation of Bambara nuts (vigna subterranea) production practices in selected villages of Vhembe District." Diss., 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11602/1347.
Full textAbstract:
MRDVInstitute for Rural Development
This study originated from the realisation that non-conventional crops such as Bambara nuts (Vigna subterranea) were becoming increasingly important in addressing food insecurity and malnutrition in the smallholder farming sector of countries in sub-Saharan Africa. Moreover, some of the smallholder crop farmers were observed to be continuing to rely on indigenous techniques to forecast rainfall and adapt agricultural activities in response to climate variability. However, it was not clear how climate change influenced the productivity of V. subterranea. Nor were the indigenous approaches that farmers used to forecast rainfall on this phenomenon well understood. Thus, a study was carried out to identify and document indigenous approaches that smallholder farmers used to forecast rainfall and adaptation practices relating to V. subterranea. The study was conducted in Xigalo and Lambani villages located in Collins Chabane Local Municipality of Vhembe District in Limpopo Province. The villages served as case study areas that helped to compare the native approaches that the Va-Tsonga and Vha-Venda used to forecast rainfall in the course of producing V. subterranea. A multi-case study research design, which was exploratory in nature was adopted. Convenience and snowball sampling techniques were used to identify and select respondents. The triangulation of participatory methods, techniques and tools guided the collection of qualitative data. Key informant interviews, learning circles, photovoice, one-on-one interviews and narrative inquiry techniques were applied during data collection. Smallholder farmers and the elderly members of communities were the respondents. Nine key informants in Xigalo and Lambani villages were interviewed. One retired and two currently serving government extension officers were also interviewed. Separate learning circles comprising mainly elderly men and women were also organised. Each learning circle was made up of 7-10 respondents. Atlas.ti version 7.5.7 software was used to analyse the qualitative data following the thematic content analysis approach. It was observed that the respondents were aware of climate variability events that affected V. subterranea. Some of the events were shifts in rainfall patterns, heavy rainfall, extreme temperatures, scarcity of summer rainfall, the disappearance of lunar signs and the seasonal cycle variations. Eighteen types of phenological signs used to predict rainfall were identified. The most common signs included the Milky Way Galaxy of stars, musical sounds of birds and frogs, moon shapes, cumulus and cumulonimbus cloud types. A close relationship between conservation of V. subterranea and adaptation strategies was said to exist. It was evident that most commonly used conservation strategies were rainmaking ceremonies, planting after the summer rains, hoeing weeds, soaking seeds before planting, hilling or earthing up around the base of the V. subterranea plant and storing the legumes in traditional vessels and sacks. The need for integrating western scientific knowledge with native forecasts to inform the production of V. subterranea was uncovered. In addition to this, the needs of Tsonga and Venda communities should inform local policy interventions. Lastly, adaptation strategies that address food insecurity with V. subterranea being part of the agro-ecosystem deserve attention in scientific investigation and policymaking.
NRF
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張育智. "Existing indigenous villages to promote the study of disaster prevention and community management- Township in Miaoli County Tai Yuen Tun Tribal Case." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/70701622500171846220.
Full textAbstract:
碩士建國科技大學
土木與防災研究所
101
Within Taiwan aborigines belonging to minorities, one of its population is approximately 2.27% of Taiwan's total number of people living at the main dispersed in Taiwan aboriginal townships. According to the Council of Aboriginal Affairs Aboriginal statistics, indigenous people living at the mountain and plains can be divided into two kinds of homeland, the current statistics of the original number of a total of 55 townships (mountainous homeland 30, flat Hometown 25). This study investigated the scope of the case against its mountainous Native Township Taian Township, Miaoli County, while rural area for Tai Yuen Tun Tsuen Kam water tribe, tribal for the current study on disaster management. The main purpose of this study was to understand the mountainous indigenous villages, their tribal associated with the current disaster prevention management as the current situation in order to understand the current disaster prevention and enforcement as to provide the relevant units of its mountainous indigenous villages to promote the prevention of reference. Research, the first analysis of the current status of tribal prevention and management, with reference to the domestic promote community disaster-related literature and practice under review in order to discuss the current mountain indigenous villages, disaster prevention work in promoting tribal differences. Through both Delphi (Delphi) expert questionnaire, respondents initially by the subjects involved in disaster relief, and to develop its proposed measures proposed, to do as part of the local tribes to promote disaster management information. Also hope of enhancing disaster prevention as mountainous tribal homeland, but also to arouse the practical implementation of indigenous villages mountainous autonomous disaster prevention, disaster prevention and management in order to enhance tribal self-efficacy, to build sustainable mountain tribal homeland security homeland. The study found that mountain aboriginal tribes, the actual promotion and management as a community disaster, it can be by pre-disaster preparedness, disaster response and disaster recovery when the three major aspects to proceed, while the whole of the Special Meeting is to promote their local tribes as a total disaster twenty, whose research data can provide relevant units, as the formulation and promotion hill tribes in disaster prevention, mitigation, preparedness, response and post-disaster recovery work, reference materials.
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Chen, You-Jhen, and 陳又甄. "Influence of Hakka and Indigenous people complex administrative policy on Ethnic Relations – A Case Study of Tai' an Township, five Villages north, Maori County." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/a9475z.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中央大學
客家語文暨社會科學學系
104
Since 2012, the idea of promoting Hakka culture in the regions of indigenous people has been implemented. The policies for Hakka and indigenous people culture have brought many problems. In the regions of indigenous peoples, the government allows them to elect indigenous people to be township mayors so that it is easier for township mayors to get along with and deal with the majority of indigenous residents. However, it causes somehow impact on other ethnics. For example, the number of population of Hakka and indigenous people in Tai’ an Township, Miaoli County, where is the high mix of these two ethnics, is unbalanced. Thus, making and promoting policies will have a big influence on their relations. This study applies "Document analysis", "Social Network Analysis" and "in-depth interview". For instance, interested parties in Tai’ an Township, five villages north including the Public sector, Private sector and Third Sector is used "Organizational interaction network analysis" and In-depth interview to analyze it. From the research, people can have deeper understanding and detail analysis between different organization and ethnics. As for the theory in the related references, it is essential to collect and analyze the past studies referred to the key words, Ethnic Relations, Multiculturalism and Policy Network. According to those studies, the policies for the ethnics in Tai’ an Township in Miaoli County, five villages north has Loose network, close relation in life and multi-culture. This study is suggested the policies of promoting Hakka culture be more active. Furthermore, Hakka and aboriginal people should share resources. This study may be helpful for the government to make and promote the policies related to the ethnic development.
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Diloang, Lupa˙, and 路巴˙迪洛安. "The Study of the Satisfaction of the Elderly Accepting Cultural Health Station Service in Indigenous Villages: Taking the Case of Xiyi Township,Nantou County." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/36j4yn.
Full textAbstract:
碩士弘光科技大學
老人福利與長期照顧事業研究所
107
Abstract In the past decade, Taiwan's population has changed rapidly, and the issue of population aging has received special attention. The aboriginal people's association promotes the aboriginal tribal cultural health station and constructs the power of medical integration and cooperation groups to promote the cultural health station on implement of mechanism to the healthy aging that can be seen, found and used by the old people in the aboriginal towns, and strengthen the diverse care and family functions. Therefore, the purposes of this research are: 1. Exploring the current situation of the services affecting participation in cultural health stations; 2. Exploring whether the demographic variables of the aboriginal tribal cultural health station affect the service satisfaction; 3. Exploring the relevance of service satisfaction at all levels; 4. Exploring whether cultural heritage and cultural care affects service satisfaction. In this study, respondents were selected by means of sampling and surveyed. Regarding to the sampling method, the executive units of Xinyi Township Cultural Health Station were divided into two categories, one as the Community Development Association and the other as the church groups. The station issued 15 to 40 questionnaires for senior citizens who were present and willing to participate, and they filled out the questionnaire in interviews. A total of 147 questionnaires were distributed during the interviews, and the study found the following four points: first, the education level of the elders in the aboriginal township is low, and the number of times of receiving the station service is mainly five times per week, and the service time is mostly from one to three years. While the factor of the elders of the aboriginal tribes mainly come to the cultural health station for health purpose, followed by being cared for. From the current situation of senior citizens participating in cultural health stations, it is known that there is a significant positive correlation between educational level and religious beliefs in promoting health; in terms of the catering service, there is a significant positive correlation in religious beliefs; in terms of the family care, there is a significant positive correlation in marital status and religious beliefs. Second, there are significant differences in age, education level and physical condition. Third, the cultural health station service satisfaction is significantly and positively related to service projects, environment and equipment, service personnel, activity appropriateness, and physical and mental aspects of social participation. Secondly, cultural care is the most satisfactory in all levels. Fourth, the concepts and satisfaction of traditional culture are significantly different in terms of service projects, appropriateness of activities and cultural care. Keywords: aboriginal towns, senior citizens, day care, cultural health station, satisfaction
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Buthelezi, Nkosinomusa Nomfundo. "The use of scientific and indigenous knowledge in agricultural land evaluation and soil fertility studies of Ezigeni and Ogagwini villages in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa." Thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/651.
Full textAbstract:
In the past, the indigenous knowledge of soils of small-scale farmers in South Africa has been largely ignored in scientific research. Hence the use of scientific approaches to land evaluation has often failed to improve land use in rural areas where understanding of the prescriptive scientific logic is lacking. Despite this, it is clear that local people and smallscale farmers have knowledge of their lands based on soil and land characteristics that remain largely unknown to the scientific community. It is therefore important for researchers to understand farmers’ knowledge of soil classification and management. To address this issue, a study was conducted in the uMbumbulu area of KwaZulu-Natal to investigate the use of indigenous knowledge as well as farmers’ perceptions and assessments of soil fertility. A preliminary questionnaire was designed to explore indigenous knowledge in a group interview that was conducted prior to the study. Another questionnaire was used to elicit indigenous knowledge from 59 randomly chosen homesteads representative of the population of Ezigeni and Ogagwini villages. Six homesteads were chosen for further detailed information on the cropping history, knowledge specific to the cultivated lands, detailed soil description and fertility. Soil samples were taken from these homesteads under different land uses (taro, fallow, veld and vegetable) at 0-30 and 30-60 cm depth for laboratory analysis. This was done to determine the effect of land use on soil physical and chemical properties and soil microbial activity. For scientific evaluation a general purpose free soil survey was conducted to produce land capability and suitability maps. Farmers identified ten soil types using soil morphological characteristics, mainly soil colour and texture. These soil properties were also used in the farmers’ land suitability assessment. In addition, slope position, natural vegetation and village location were used to indicate land suitability. The amount of topsoil was also used in land evaluation. However, slope position was considered the most important factor as it affects the pattern of soils and hence their suitability. Soils on the footslope were considered more suitable for crops than those found on the midslope and upslope. The yield difference observed between villages, which were higher in Ogagwini than Ezigeni, was also used as a criterion for evaluation. Farmers attributed these yield differences for various crops to the effect of soil type on productivity. In support, scientific evaluation found that Ezigeni village had a number of soils with a heavy textured, pedocutanic B horizon and hence a relatively shallow effective rooting depth. Moreover, the Ezigeni village land suitability was limited in places by poor drainage and stoniness. These limitations were rarely found for the Ogagwini village soils. Farmers had a total of six comprehensive and well defined soil fertility indicators, namely crop yield, crop appearance, natural vegetation, soil texture, soil colour and presence of mesofauna. Results showed that farmers’ fertility perceptions are more holistic than those of researchers. However, despite this, their assessment correlated with soil analysis. There was a close relationship between scientific and indigenous suitability evaluation for three commonly cultivated crops (taro, maize and dry beans). This was further substantiated by yield measurements which were significantly higher for Ogagwini as rated by both farmers and scientific evaluation as the more suitable. The significant agreements between the scientific and indigenous approaches imply that there are fundamental similarities between them. Recognizing this and subsequently integrating the two approaches will produce land use plans relevant and profitable for both small-scale farmers and scientists.Thesis (M.Sc.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2010.
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Semenya, Khomotso. "Environmental health risks associated with firewood induced volatile rganic compounds in Senwabarwana Villages, Republic of South Africa." Thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/27393.
Full textAbstract:
Firewood is a dominant household fuel type used in many developing countries. Even in
countries where there is improved access to electricity, most households still rely on firewood
for their energy needs. Harvesting of some wood is illegal, however the high poverty rate,
absence of alternative fuels and lack of law enforcement means even the protected wood
species will continue to be used, with consequent pressure on the forests. Furthermore, the
combustion of firewood for domestic use takes place in poorly ventilated homes emitting
hazardous pollutants, which causes indoor air pollution and affect human health.
The use of firewood as a household fuel can be superimposed nearly perfectly on that of socioeconomic development. Additionally, the use of household firewood is invariably associated
with poverty in countries, in communities within a country and in households within a
community. Indoor air pollution studies on human health should then consider socio-economic
factors which seem to be one of the determinants of both firewood use and ill health, a
determinant which is often neglected in most indoor air pollution studies. Domestic inhalation
of firewood smoke is one of the mechanisms linking socio-economic (poverty) to disease.
The current study sought to determine a baseline of wood usage and health risks caused by
volatile organic compounds in Senwabarwana villages. This study integrated observations,
ethnobotanical meta-analysis and experimental into one comprehensive integrated
environmental health risk assessment framework to assess the risks associated with exposure
to volatile organic compounds from firewood combustion. Basic information about firewood
usage, socio-economic dynamics and perceived health problems related to volatile organic
compounds was collected using a structured questionnaire. The Vac-U-Chamber was used to
sample the air.
The results show that firewood is extensively used in poorly ventilated kitchens for cooking
and home heating in Senwabarwana villages. Ten priority firewood plant species are frequently
used in the study area, namely Mohweleri (Combretum apiculatum), Moretshe (Dichrostachys
cinera), Motswiri (Combretum imberbe), Mokgwa (Acacia burkei), Mushu (Acacia tortilis),
Motshe (Cussonia paniculate), Mokata (Combretum hereroense), Mphata (Lonchocarpus
capassa), Mokgalo (Ziziphus mucronate) and Mogwana (Grewia monticola), in their order of
preference. The results also indicated thirteen common reasons or factors that influence the hoice of firewood plant species by households, the main four being: (i) the embers formed
during combustion, (ii) heat value, (iii) low ash content and (iv) availability of the firewood
plant species. Further analysis revealed several uses and ranking thereof, including reviewing
the national status and legal profile of each identified plant species. The study found that most
of the firewood species used in Senwabarwana Village were indigenous. Major drivers of
firewood use are household income, educational status of breadwinners, family sizes, and place
of residence, fuel affordability and accessibility, among others.
Concentrations of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene per plant species were studied to
assess the risk exposed to the Senwabarwana community. Literature indicates that these
pollutants have several health effects associated with acute exposure such as eye, nose and
throat irritation, headaches, dizziness, nausea and vomiting. Both hazard quotient and hazard
index were found to be less than one indicating no risk exists with the use of plant species used
for firewood in Senwabarwana even to sensitive individuals. The risk of developing health
effects due to the presence of the studied volatile organic compounds can be assessed as
negligible.
Since firewood is a more convenient source of energy, it is recommended that the size of the
windows be extended for ventilation. Agroforesty should also be implemented as a
conservation method. The wood that emits less concentration of pollutants be used for
firemaking.Environmental Sciences
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Seymour, Destiny. "Indigenous student village: housing option for indigenous post-secondary students." 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/22130.
Full textAbstract:
This practicum project uses a holistic approach for the culturally sensitive design of a housing option for Indigenous post-secondary students. This project addresses the role that interior design can play in creating a supportive work-live environment. The proposed student accommodations will differ from what is offered at the University of Manitoba campus by incorporating design elements that will: reflect Indigenous cultural values; use a holistic approach to space planning; offer flexible space options that supports community ties and relationship building; create designs that speak to the local cultures; and honour the past students of the Canadian residential school system.
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林大為. "Economic progress of Taiwan's indigenous tribes:the cases of Alishan's Chashan village and Shanmei village." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/61619664887752529140.
Full text
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HUANG, CHAO-KAI, and 黃炤愷. "Urban Area or Indigenous Village? The Influence of Place of Residence on Happiness of Indigenous People." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/cfza36.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺北大學
社會學系
106
This study aims to examine the influence of place of residence on happiness of indigenous people by using a nationally representative data of the Taiwan Indigenous People Survey (TIPS). Existing studies on happiness focus more on the monetary aspect, neglecting factors such as culture and lifestyles, which might be related to where they reside. This study examines the lifestyles of indigenous people by dividing independent variables into “resources and opportunities” variables and “support and culture” variables; also considers place of residence as the moderator variable. There are three main findings: (1) Overall, abundant “resources and opportunities” make indigenous people feel happy. In particular, the sense of fairness in the workplace has a significant effect for those who reside in urban areas. (2) People living in indigenous villages with abundant “support and culture” can help them feel happier, especially when they are highly involved in their communities and speak their native languages with little effort. We can explain these findings through indigenous people’s lifestyles and social solidarity. (3) Most importantly, this study confirms that both “resources and opportunities” and “support and culture” are two paths that affect happiness of indigenous people.
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Yin-wei, Huang, and 黃尹微. "A STUDY OF MANDARIN USE BY PAIWAN INDIGENOUS PEOPLE AT QING-SHAN VILLAGE." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/91774025167024460297.
Full textAbstract:
碩士高雄師範大學
華語文教學研究所
98
As one of the core identities of the Taiwanese indigenous population, Aboriginal-Mandarin has become a dialect covering two different ethnic languages, serving as an inter-language bridge in the field of second language acquisition. However, there has been a noticeable lack of the literature present within academic circles. The purpose of this study is to explore the characteristics and reasons behind the formation of Aboriginal-Mandarin in Taiwan, by taking a sociolinguistics view paired with an inquiry into the motivations behind second language acquisition. This is a qualitative case study conducted from June 2008 to May 2010. One hundred Paiwan residents of Qing-Shan Village in Pingtung County collectively participate in this program. Participants were given questionnaires and surveys; interviews were conducted; students’ class records were consulted; but most importantly, the element of real world experience was accounted for by virtue of observation. Additionally, the usages of Mandarin phonology, grammar, and collocation from aboriginal people have been examed about the phenomena and formation between folks, children and teachers. The results show that as a language, Aboriginal-Mandarin is a dynamic inter-language with capricious force. Phenomenon such as phonological variation, disorder of syntax, the misuse of or addition of words in sentences was characterized. The reasons that gave rise to the creation of Aboriginal-Mandarin covered many aspects including inter-lingual transfer, transfer of training, strategies of second language learning and communication, and social-cultural perspective. With reference to the results presented above, Mandarin education to the indigenous population of Taiwan should take a rather different approach than that of the dominant native-speaking school of thought. I note in conclusion that Mandarin education of the indigenous people needs to be redefined, the conception and attitude of teaching Mandarin to indigenous people should be restructed. Furthermore, the policy and planning of education of the indigenous people should be reconsidered. Respectively, I suggest that a broad and understanding mindset must be encouraged along with a greater depth of knowledge in second-language acquisition. Legal policy based on the second language education of Mandarin should be reinforced and implemented, teacher training should be well planned, and teaching materials should be well designed for the aboriginal people.
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Isqaqavut, Yohani, and 尤哈尼•伊斯卡卡夫特. "Road from Poverty to Self-reliance of Indigenous Tribes~ Case of Wangshiang Village Tribe." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/68q5zf.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立暨南國際大學
非營利組織經營管理碩士學位學程在職專班
106
Since human beings have been in the world, there has always been a problem of poverty in society. Although human society has tried its best to break away from and even eradicate poverty, the world today, the societies of poor countries can be seen everywhere and even the so-called first-world high-income society, the poor still exist. The focus of this paper is on the tribes of the indigenous peoples’ poverty. According to the statistics of the United Nations, there are about 300 million people with aboriginal status in the world. These indigenous peoples live in at least 70 countries. In the geographical area, these indigenous peoples originally lived in their own land, and foreign aliens and foreigners, by means of military aggression, or colonial means, occupied land and resources and replaced the original dominance. The aboriginal people who were ruled by foreign aggression, because of the deprivation of land and resources, and the distorted policies of the rulers,have caused the aborigines to become the poorest communities in many societies. This thesis attempts to explore the true face of tribal poverty from the perspective of indigenous peoples and tribes, and is very honored to get the cooperation of the three former members of the ANC and the three deputy committees and six leaders from Wangshiang village. which has won the first place in the National Aboriginal Demonstration of the council of Indigenous people’s affairs, and has obtained the top tens of national multi-employment program, and became the target of the focus group interview. Graduation Time:06/2018 Student Name:Yohani Isqaqavut The researchers of this paper will focus on three important issues: I. In-depth discussion of the reasons for the poverty of the indigenous tribes. 2. Analysis of the impact of poverty on aboriginal tribes and society. 3. The group seeks the strategies and ways of the aboriginal tribes to get rid of poverty and economic self-reliance. Researcher believe that it is a fact that poverty persists in aboriginal tribes, but this does not mean that indigenous tribes are necessarily destined to be poor, Wangshiang village is an example. The so-called things are artificial,and God helps the self-helper, the indigenous tribes want to get rid of poverty, the tribes have to take concrete actions, cooperate and independently try the possibility of tribal industry development, rather than passively The tribe is sitting still, or mourning. Especially the modern government, it is rare to pay more understanding and concern for the plight and issues of the aboriginal people. This is also a rare opportunity for the aboriginal tribes to let go of the development of the tribe. Because only the aboriginal tribes are self-reliant, they have a true nation. Dignity can be said.
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WEI, KUEI-LAN, and 蔚桂蘭. "Indigenous People Tourism Behavior and Subjective Well-Being Relation: Paiwan Tribe Wutan Village, Pingtung." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/88324337731593400213.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立高雄應用科技大學
觀光與餐旅管理研究所
104
Abstract A procedure is This study explores if the Indigenous People travel experience affects tourists’ subjective well-being (SWB). In this qualitative research, we interview six tribesmen Wutan individual depth interview (IDI)and group interview,and participant observation , was observed among junior high school students and families, and the tribe group Tourism engagement.Research analysis regarding their "experience the difference", "social development" and "specific culture". The outcome reveals that SWB is not the same due to their age, income, health, and religious background. Finally, the results show "specific culture background" will directly affect the respondents travel motivations and preferences of tourist sites.
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Romanow, JACQUELINE. "To the Global Village and Back: International Indigenous Rights and Domestic Change in Nicaragua and Ecuador." Thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1974/5401.
Full textAbstract:
International indigenous rights represent a special category of human rights, offering a potent tool in the community-based defense of indigenous lands and livelihoods. State sovereignty has, however, historically been used to trump indigenous claims. New transnational advocacy networks have formed to promote and support indigenous rights claims in international law. In the Americas, the Inter-American Court of Human Rights (CIDH) has assumed a lead role in issuing important rulings that validate new international norms for indigenous rights. The challenge, identified in this thesis, is the implementation of these rulings through effective domestic policy.
To realize effective implementation of international rights, domestic political realties cannot be sidestepped or ignored. This thesis focuses on indigenous property rights in the Americas. These rights are always contentious. Natural resources like oil, minerals and timber attract many powerful interests. There is an urgent need for a careful and systematic investigation into domestic level variables that can either hinder or help norm implementation.
Even universal human rights present a challenge for state compliance. A number of scholars have explored the problem of human rights norm implementation and identified a number of important variables. These include the domestic structural context, norm salience, material constraints and international influences. This thesis builds on Thomas Risse and Kathryn Sikkink’s Spiral Model of Human Rights Change (1999) by applying it to the specific case of indigenous rights to property in a comparative case study. Beginning with two important IACHR rulings for indigenous property rights, the Sarayaku case in the oil-rich Ecuadorian Amazon and the Awas Tingni case in the mahogany forests of the Caribbean Coast of Nicaragua, the Spiral Model is used to highlight key variables that can impact the process of implementation at the level of the state.Thesis (Ph.D, Political Studies) -- Queen's University, 2010-01-26 01:37:46.203