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Tampubolon, Koko, Fransisca Natalia Sihombing, Elseria Siburian, Yustina Sri Sulastri, Zavandri Purba, Sony Tri Septian Samosir, and Syahibal Karim. "Similarity and Phylogenetic Analysis of Herbicide-Resistant Goosegrass (Eleusine indica) Biotypes." Caraka Tani: Journal of Sustainable Agriculture 34, no. 2 (August 8, 2019): 162. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/carakatani.v34i2.29156.
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Molecular approach as a herbicide-resistant agent detector is an initial solution before controlling of <em>Eleusine indica </em>weed. This review article is aimed to obtain the basic data of similarity and phylogenetic values among herbicide-resistant <em>E. indica</em><em> </em>biotypes. This research used a descriptive analytical method. The analysis involved 14 nucleotide sequences of herbicide-resistant <em>E.indica </em>biotypes obtained from the National Center for Biotechnology Information. The nucleotide alignment of herbicide-resistant <em>E. indica </em>biotypes was conducted with ClustaLW using the Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis (MEGA) v. 5.05 software based on a method of neighbor-joining tree construct/test. The results showed that two nucleotides of 7,921 herbicide-resistant <em>E. indica</em> biotypes were homologous (sequence 1,231 and sequence 1,408). The similarity values among herbicide-resistant <em>E. indica</em> biotypes ranged from 0.00 to 1.19. The information of phylogenetic pattern is needed in the selection of the herbicides mode of action rotation in order to control herbicide-resistant <em>E. indica </em>biotypes.
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Rahmawati, Fitriana, and Suharjono Suharjono. "Potency of Endophytic and Rhizospheric Bacteria of Akar Kucing (Acalypha indica Linn.) as Antibacteria against Klebsiella pneumoniae." Journal of Tropical Life Science 11, no. 2 (May 31, 2021): 171–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.11594/jtls.11.02.06.
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The prevalence of pneumonia in Indonesia was 2% in 2018. Treatment of pneumonia using antibiotics caused resistance to pathogenic bacteria. Endophytic and rhizospheric bacteria from the medicinal plant Acalypha indica Linn., is a new type of bacteria that produces antibacterial compounds against Klebsiella pneumoniae. This study aims to analyze the potency and identify endophytic and rhizospheric bacteria of the A. indica Linn as an antibacterial of K. pneumoniae. The research includes isolation and purification of endophytic and rhizospheric bacteria of the A. indica Linn, antagonistic assay of bacteria cell culture, antibacterial assay of bacteria metabolites, and identification of potential isolates based on 16S rDNA sequence similarity. The results showed that number of rhizosphere bacteria 6.83 × 105 CFU/g was more than endophytic bacteria 1.78 × 104 CFU/g. Diversity of rhizosphere bacterial 0.72 was higher than endophytic bacteria 0.62. The rhizospheric bacteria RU112B and RU315B had the highest activity to inhibit the growth of K. pneumoniae. Both isolates RU112B and RU315B were identified as Staphylococcus saprophyticus with a similarity 99.83% and Luteimonas terrae with a similarity 99.67% respectively
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Rekha, T., Kottackal Poulose Martin, V. B. Sreekumar, and Joseph Madassery. "Genetic Diversity Assessment of Rarely Cultivated Traditional Indica Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Varieties." Biotechnology Research International 2011 (July 12, 2011): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4061/2011/784719.
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Random amplified polymorphic DNA fingerprinting was performed to assess the genetic diversity among rarely cultivated traditional indica rice (Oryza sativa L.) varieties collected from a tribal hamlet of Kerala State, India. A total of 664 DNA bands amplified by 15 primers exhibited 72.9% polymorphism (an average of 32.3 polymorphic bands per primer). The varieties Jeerakasala and Kalladiyaran exhibited the highest percent (50.19%) polymorphism, while Thondi and Adukkan showed the lowest (9.85%). Adukkan (78 bands) and Jeerakasala (56 bands) yielded the highest and the lowest number of amplicons, respectively. Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic mean analysis using the Dice similarity coefficient showed the highest value of similarity coefficient between the varieties Adukkan and Thondi, both shared higher level of similarity (0.81), followed by Kanali and Thondi (0.88). Of the three subclusters, the varieties of Adukkan, Thondi, Kanali, Mannuveliyan, Thonnuranthondi, and Chennellu grouped together with a similarity of 0.77. The second group represented by Navara, Gandhakasala, and Jeerakasala with a similarity coefficient of 0.76 formed a cohesive group. The variety Kalladiyaran formed an isolated position that joined the second cluster. The Principal Coordinate Analysis also showed separation of Kalladiyaran from the other varieties.
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Prakash, Om, Hitendra Munot, Yogesh Nimonkar, Madhu Sharma, Shreyas Kumbhare, and Yogesh S. Shouche. "Description of Pelistega indica sp. nov., isolated from human gut." International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 64, Pt_4 (April 1, 2014): 1389–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.059782-0.
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A Gram-stain-negative, motile, non-spore-forming, coccoid bacterium was isolated from a stool sample of a healthy human subject and formed cream colour colonies on tryptic soy agar. Almost full-length (1500 bp) small subunit rRNA (16S rRNA) gene sequences were generated and a similarity search was conducted by blast. The results of the similarity search indicated that the bacterium belongs to the class Betaproteobacteria , family Alcaligenaceae . It showed maximum sequence similarity (96.5 %) with Pelistega europaea CCUG 39967T followed by Advenella mimigardefordensis DSM 17166T (96.1 %) and Taylorella asinigenitalis LMG 19572T (95.3 %). The DNA G+C content of strain HM-7T was 42 mol%. Strain HM-7T contained C14 : 0, C16 : 0, C16 : 0 3-OH and C18 : 0 as the dominant fatty acids. Morphological, physiological and biochemical data also indicated that strain HM-7T represents a member of the genus Pelistega , but at the same time distinguished it from Pelistega europaea CCUG 39967T, the only species of the genus with a validly published name. Based on polyphasic characterization we conclude that the bacterium represents a novel species of the genus Pelistega and propose the name Pelistega indica sp. nov., with strain HM-7T ( = MCC 2185T = DSM 27484T) as the type strain of the species.
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Ariffin, Zulhairil, Muhammad Shafie Md Sah, Salma Idris, and Nuradni Hashim. "Genetic Diversity of Selected Mangifera Species Revealed by Inter Simple Sequence Repeats Markers." International Journal of Biodiversity 2015 (November 3, 2015): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/458237.
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ISSR markers were employed to reveal genetic diversity and genetic relatedness among 28 Mangifera accessions collected from Yan (Kedah), Bukit Gantang (Perak), Sibuti (Sarawak), and Papar (Sabah). A total of 198 markers were generated using nine anchored primers and one nonanchored primer. Genetic variation among the 28 accessions of Mangifera species including wild relatives, landraces, and clonal varieties is high, with an average degree of polymorphism of 98% and mean Shannon index, H0=7.50. Analysis on 18 Mangifera indica accessions also showed high degree of polymorphism of 99% and mean Shannon index, H0=5.74. Dice index of genetic similarity ranged from 0.0938 to 0.8046 among the Mangifera species. The dendrogram showed that the Mangifera species were grouped into three main divergent clusters. Cluster 1 comprised 14 accessions from Kedah and Perak. Cluster II and cluster III comprised 14 accessions from Sarawak and Sabah. Meanwhile, the Dice index of genetic similarity for 18 accessions of Mangifera indica ranged from 0.2588 to 0.7742. The dendrogram also showed the 18 accessions of Mangifera indica were grouped into three main clusters. Cluster I comprised 10 landraces of Mangifera indica from Kedah. Cluster II comprised 7 landraces of Mangifera indica followed by Chokanan to form Cluster III.
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Hatayama, Kouta, Satomi Kawai, Hirofumi Shoun, Yasuichi Ueda, and Akira Nakamura. "Pseudomonas azotifigens sp. nov., a novel nitrogen-fixing bacterium isolated from a compost pile." International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 55, no. 4 (July 1, 2005): 1539–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.63586-0.
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A nitrogen-fixing bacterium, designated strain 6H33bT, was isolated from a compost pile in Japan. The nitrogenase activity of this strain was detected based on its acetylene-reducing activity under low oxygen concentrations (2–4 %). An analysis of the genes responsible for nitrogen fixation in this strain, nifH and nifD, indicated a close relationship to those of Pseudomonas stutzeri A15 (A1501). Sequence similarity searches based on the 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain 6H33bT belongs within the genus Pseudomonas sensu stricto; closest similarity was with Pseudomonas indica (97·3 %). A comparison of several taxonomic characteristics of 6H33bT with those of P. indica and some type strains of the genus Pseudomonas sensu stricto indicated that 6H33bT could be distinguished from P. indica based on the presence of nitrogen fixation ability, the absence of nitrate reduction and denitrification abilities and the utilization of some sugars and organic acids. Phylogenetic analyses and the results of DNA–DNA hybridization experiments also indicated that strain 6H33bT represents a species distinct from P. indica. From these results, it is proposed that strain 6H33bT (=ATCC BAA-1049T=JCM 12708T) is classified as the type strain of a novel species of the genus Pseudomonas sensu stricto under the name Pseudomonas azotifigens sp. nov.
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ADEDEJI, Olubukola. "Palynology of the Genus Stachytarpheta Vahl. (Verbenaceae)." Notulae Scientia Biologicae 2, no. 4 (December 5, 2010): 27–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/nsb244816.
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The exine morphology of pollen grains of Stachytarpheta indica (Linn.) Vahl, Stachytarpheta cayennensis (Rich.) Vahl and Stachytarpheta angustifolia (Mill.) Vahl is reported. This study was carried out with a light microscope. Pollen grains from fresh anthers were collected and aceolysed. Statistical analysis used to analyse the data collected include cluster analysis, correlation analysis, similarity and distance indices. The pollen grains are spheroidal to oblate to sub-oblate in shape. They are aperturate, both colpate and porate. Tricolpate types occur most frequently, acolpate, monocolpate, bicolpate and tetracolpate types less frequently. The multicolpate and multiporate attributes in all the species indicate that the genus is not primitive in evolutionary history and this species probably, evolved around in the same time. According to the size, the pollen grains of the genus falls into groups permagna (pollen diameter 100-200 μm) and giganta (pollen diameter greater than 200 μm). S. cayennensis and S. anguistifolia belong to group permagna and S. indica only in the group giganta. This separates S. indica from the other two species. The large pollen grain size in the genus clearly supports the fact that the flowers in the genus are more insect-and-bird pollinated than wind pollinated. The similarity and distance indices of the species showed that S. cayennensis and S. angustifolia are the closest. S. indica is closer to S. angustifolia but farther from S. cayennensis.
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Fanelli, Rosa Maria. "SimilaritĂ e convergenza dei consumi alimentari in Europa." AGRICOLTURA ISTITUZIONI MERCATI, no. 1 (December 2010): 145–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/aim2009-001011.
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Il lavoro proposto mira ad analizzare la "similarità " e la possibile convergenza dei consumi alimentari tra gli Stati membri dell'Unione Europea nel decennio 1993-2003 attraverso i dati di fonte Fao (Food and Agricolture Organization) e relativi ai consumi lordi delle seguenti tipologie di prodotti: cereali, carni, pesce, latte, formaggi, uova, grassi animali, grassi vegetali (oli), frutta fresca, frutta secca, ortaggi, caffé, zucchero e vino. La rilevanza dello studio proposto consiste nel mettere in luce se esistono traiettorie evolutive comuni tra i Paesi europei o se, per contro, ancora permangono differenziazioni. Tale prospettiva risulta di particolare importanza soprattutto dal punto di vista della formulazione di appropriate politiche agricole e agroalimentari rispetto alle quali si avverte oggi la necessità di un ripensamento al fine di valorizzare appieno il legame tra consumi alimentari e agricoltura, da un lato, e consumi alimentari e rischi alimentari per la salute legati alla dieta, dall'altro. Questi aspetti sono di particolare rilevanza anche per la definizione di un sistema di protezione del consumatore in grado di evitare o limitare i rischi agli operatori della catena agroalimentare. Il lavoro prende avvio dalla caratterizzazione dei consumi alimentari e delle loro recenti tendenze che rappresenta l'indispensabile cornice interpretativa dei risultati dell'analisi di "similarità " e di convergenza. Questi due ultimi aspetti sono sviluppati attraverso la costruzione di indici sintetici e di appropriate tecniche di classificazione. Infine, le conclusioni mirano a recuperare la visione di insieme del lavoro per porre in evidenza i principali aspetti di rilevo per le implicazioni di politica economica in campo agricolo e agroalimentare.
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Kingkaew, Engkarat, Ratthanatda Nuhwa, Jirabhorn Piluk, Sitanan Thitiprasert, Nuttha Thongchul, and Somboon Tanasupawat. "Terrilactibacillus tamarindi sp. nov., isolated from bark of Tamarindus indica." International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 70, no. 7 (July 1, 2020): 4145–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijsem.0.004261.
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A Gram-stain-positive, catalase-positive, facultatively anaerobic, terminal-spore-forming rod, designated strain BCM23-1T, was isolated from bark of Tamarindus indica collected from Chiang Mai Province, Thailand. This strain produced d-lactic acid from glucose. It grew at 20–45 °C (optimum, 30 °C), pH 3.5–9 (optimum, pH 7.0) and in the presence of 1–4 % (w/v) NaCl. The cell-wall peptidoglycan contained meso-diaminopimelic acid (A1γ). The major isoprenoid quinone was menaquinone 7 (MK-7). Polar lipids analysis revealed the presence of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, an unidentified aminophospholipid, an unidentified phospholipid and an unidentified lipid. The predominant cellular fatty acids were anteiso-C17 : 0, anteiso-C15:0, and iso-C16 : 0 when cultivated on GYP agar plates. The 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity between strain BCM23-1T and Terrilactibacillus laevilacticus NK26-11T was 98.3 %. The draft genome of BCM23-1T was 3.24 Mb in size and contained 3088 coding sequences with an in silico DNA G+C content of 37.1 mol%. The values of ANIb, ANIm and digital DNA–DNA hybridization between strain BCM23-1T and T. laevilacticus NK26-11T were 89.9, 90.8 and 40.4 %, respectively. The results of phenotypic and chemotaxonomic, 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity, and whole genome analyses support strain BCM23-1T as representing a novel species of Terrilactibacillus for which the name Terrilactibacillus tamarindi sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is BCM23-1T (=LMG 31662T=JCM 33748T=TISTR 2841T).
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Song, Lei, Fei Ren, Ying Huang, Xin Dai, and Yuguang Zhou. "Idiomarina indica sp. nov., isolated from seawater." International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 63, Pt_7 (July 1, 2013): 2497–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.046789-0.
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Two Gram-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped bacteria, designated strains SW104T and X07, were isolated from a seawater sample collected from the Indian Ocean. The strains grew at a temperature range of 12–50 °C (optimum, 35–37 °C), and at pH 6.0–9.0 (optimum pH 7.0–7.5). The predominant cellular fatty acids of strain SW104T were iso-C15 : 0 (41.2 %), iso-C17 : 1ω9c (15.2 %) and iso-C17 : 0 (11.1 %). The major respiratory quinone was ubiquinone 8 (Q-8). The major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, diphosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylglycerol. The genomic DNA G+C contents of strains SW104T and X07 were 49.8 and 49.5 mol%, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that the new isolates were related to members of the genus Idiomarina , showing the highest similarity with Idiomarina taiwanensis PIT1T and Idiomarina maritima 908087T (96.1 and 95.9 %, respectively). On the basis of phenotypic, genotypic and phylogenetic characteristics, it is proposed that strains SW104T and X07 should be described as representatives of a novel species of the genus Idiomarina , for which the name Idiomarina indica sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is SW104T ( = CGMCC 1.10824T = JCM 18138T).
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Mardalisa, M., and U. M. Batubara. "Isolation of Metallothionein (MT) Gene from Phytoremediation Agent, Eleusine indica." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 934, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/934/1/012027.
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Abstract Belulang grass (Eleusine indica) is a plant in the Poaceae family that is commonly found in the coastal area of Dumai, Riau Province. Eleusine indica is characterized by narrow leaves, concave stems that can reach up to 95 cm high and strong roots. E. indica is known to be very tolerant of its environment, including the environment contaminated with heavy metals. The ability of E. indica as a phytoremediation agent in absorbing heavy metals has been widely known as the role of metallothionein (MT) protein. MT is believed to have a function in the metal metabolism and detoxification process through the metal chelating interaction between the cysteine amino acid residues. This unique function prompted the interest to isolate the MT gene from E. indica. This method involves the isolation of genomic DNA from E. indica followed by the process of amplification of the MT gene using specific primers, namely MTFS and MTRS by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technology. The success of the MT gene isolation process from E. indica was evidenced by the presence of a single band size of around 172 bp via the visualization process on 1% agarose gel. Furthermore, the results of the PCR product are purified for the purpose of sequencing activity. The results of sequencing analysis of the 172 bp fragment showed 99.31% identical similarity with the complete metallothionein gene from E. indica (DQ082855.1) by using the BLASTN tool, NCBI website.
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Lai, Qiliang, Nan Qiao, Changliang Wu, Fengqin Sun, Jun Yuan, and Zongze Shao. "Stappia indica sp. nov., isolated from deep seawater of the Indian Ocean." International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 60, no. 4 (April 1, 2010): 733–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.013417-0.
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A taxonomic study was carried out on strain B106T, which was isolated from a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-degrading consortium, enriched with deep seawater from the Indian Ocean. The isolate was Gram-negative, oxidase- and catalase-positive, rod-shaped and motile by means of one polar flagellum. Growth was observed at salinities of 0.5–11 % and at temperatures of 4–42 °C, and the strain was capable of nitrate reduction, but was unable to degrade Tween 80 or gelatin. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain B106T belonged to the genus Stappia, with a highest sequence similarity of 97.7 % to Stappia stellulata IAM 12621T; similarity to other strains was below 95.2 %. DNA–DNA hybridization between strain B106T and S. stellulata IAM 12621T was 43 %. The major fatty acids were C16 : 0 (6.10 %), C18 : 1 ω7c (62.58 %), C18 : 0 (5.17 %), C18 : 1 ω7c 11-methyl (14.48 %) and C19 : 0 ω8c cyclo (4.70 %). The G+C content of the chromosomal DNA was 65.9 mol%. The combined genotypic and phenotypic data showed that strain B106T represents a novel species of the genus Stappia, for which the name Stappia indica sp. nov. is proposed, with the type strain B106T (=PR56-8T=CCTCC AB 208228T=LMG 24625T=MCCC 1A01226T).
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Harushima, Yoshiaki, Masahiro Nakagahra, Masahiro Yano, Takuji Sasaki, and Nori Kurata. "Diverse Variation of Reproductive Barriers in Three Intraspecific Rice Crosses." Genetics 160, no. 1 (January 1, 2002): 313–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/160.1.313.
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Abstract Reproductive barriers are thought to play an important role in the processes of speciation and differentiation. Asian rice cultivars, Oryza sativa, can be classified into two main types, Japonica and Indica, on the basis of several characteristics. The fertility of Japonica-Indica hybrids differs from one cross to another. Many genes involved in reproductive barriers (hybrid sterility, hybrid weakness, and gametophytic competition genes) have been reported in different Japonica-Indica crosses. To clarify the state of Japonica-Indica differentiation, all reproductive barriers causing deviation from Mendelian segregation ratios in F2 populations were mapped and compared among three different Japonica-Indica crosses: Nipponbare/Kasalath (NK), Fl1084/Dao Ren Qiao (FD), and Fl1007/Kinandang puti (FK). Mapping of reproductive barriers was performed by regression analysis of allele frequencies of DNA markers covering the entire genome. Allele frequencies were explained by 33 reproductive barriers (15 gametophytic and 18 zygotic) in NK, 32 barriers (15 gametophytic and 17 zygotic) in FD, and 37 barriers (19 gametophytic and 18 zygotic) in FK. The number of reproductive barriers in the three crosses was similar; however, most of the barriers were mapped at different loci. Therefore, these reproductive barriers formed after Japonica-Indica differentiation. Considering the high genetic similarity within Japonica and Indica cultivars, the differences in the reproductive barriers of each cross were unexpectedly numerous. The reproductive barriers of Japonica-Indica hybrids likely evolved more rapidly than other genetic elements. One possible force responsible for such rapid evolution of the barriers may have been the domestication of rice.
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Chen, Jingchao, Hailan Cui, Hongjuan Huang, Shouhui Wei, Yan Liu, Haiyan Yu, Yan Ma, Xiangju Li, and Xiaoyan Ma. "EST-SSR Markers’ Development Based on RNA-Sequencing and Their Application in Population Genetic Structure and Diversity Analysis of Eleusine indica in China." Current Issues in Molecular Biology 45, no. 1 (December 26, 2022): 141–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cimb45010011.
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Goosegrass (Eleusine indica) is one of the worst agricultural weeds in China. Molecular markers were developed for genetic diversity and population structure analyses. In this study, we identified 8391 expressed sequence tag-simple sequence repeat (EST-SSR) markers from the de novo assembled unigenes of E. indica. Mononucleotides were the most abundant type of repeats (3591, 42.79%), followed by trinucleotides (3162, 37.68%). The most dominant mononucleotide and trinucleotide repeat motifs were A/T (3406, 40.59%) and AAT/ATT (103, 1.5%), respectively. Fourteen pairs of EST-SSR primers were verified and used to analyze the genetic diversity and population structure of 59 goosegrass populations. A total of 49 alleles were amplified, with the number of alleles (Na) ranging from two to eleven per locus, and the effective number of alleles (Ne) ranged from 1.07 to 4.53. The average polymorphic information content (PIC) was 0.36. Genetic structure analysis (K = 2) and principal coordinate analysis divided 59 E. indica populations into two groups in a manner similar to the unweighted pair-group method (Dice genetic similarity coefficient = 0.700). This study developed a set of EST-SSR markers in E. indica and successfully analyzed the diversity and population genetic structures of 59 E. indica populations in China.
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Hwang, Jeong Ho, Mean-Young Yim, Sung-Yeol Kim, Seong Jin Ji, and Wang-Hee Lee. "Sweep Sampling Comparison of Terrestrial Insect Communities Associated with Herbaceous Stratum in the Riparian Zone of the Miho River, Korea." Insects 13, no. 6 (May 25, 2022): 497. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects13060497.
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To investigate insect and plant community relationships in riparian zones, terrestrial insect communities were compared in plant communities in the riparian zone of the Miho River, Korea. The sweep netting method was used to sample insects in 50 m transects in three herbaceous plant communities. In 2020, each plant community—Chenopodium album, Beckmannia syzigachne, and Artemisia indica—was swept 100 times (50 sweeps × 2). In 2021, two communities had an additional 100 sweeps collected using 10 subsamples of 10 sweeps (excluding C. album communities). The surveyed dominant species or subdominant species of the insect community in each site preyed on the dominant plant species at the site. The Bray–Curtis similarity was significantly higher than the Sørensen similarity when comparing datasets across different years for the same plant species community. The predicted optimum sampling size to obtain approximately 80% of the total species estimated to be at each survey site, for effective quantitative collection of terrestrial insect herbivores in each plant community, was examined. Fifty sweeps were required for the A. indica community and 100 sweeps were required for the B. syzigachne community. The results of this study provide important data for riparian biodiversity conservation and future pest monitoring.
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Jindal, Swati, Ankita Dua, and Rup Lal. "Sphingopyxis indica sp. nov., isolated from a high dose point hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH)-contaminated dumpsite." International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 63, Pt_6 (June 1, 2013): 2186–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.040840-0.
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A Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, non-motile, non-spore-forming, rod-shaped and light-yellow-pigmented bacterium, designated DS15T, was isolated from a soil sample collected from a hexachlorocyclohexane dumpsite in Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India. Strain DS15T showed highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to Sphingopyxis panaciterrulae DCY34T (98.7 %) and Sphingopyxis soli BL03T (98.0 %). The 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity between strain DS15T and species of genus Sphingopyxis with validly published names ranged from 92.5 % to 98.7 %. The DNA G+C content of strain DS15T was 67.5 mol%. The chemotaxonomic markers in strain DS15T were consistent with its classification in the genus Sphingopyxis , i.e. Q-10 as the major ubiquinone and summed feature 8 (C18 : 1ω7c/C18 : 1ω9c), C17 : 1ω6c, summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω7c/C16 : 1ω6c), C14 : 0 2-OH, C15 : 0 2-OH, C16 : 0 and C17 : 1ω8c as the predominant fatty acids. The major polar lipids of strain DS15T were phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), diphosphatidylglycerol (DPG), phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylglycerol (PG) and sphingoglycolipids (SGL) and spermidine was detected as the major polyamine. Phylogenetic analysis, DNA–DNA hybridization, and chemotaxonomic and phenotypic analysis support the conclusion that strain DS15T represents a novel species within the genus Sphingopyxis , for which the name Sphingopyxis indica is proposed. The type strain is DS15T ( = MTCC 9455T = CCM 7542T = MCC 2023T).
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Caumont, Daniel, and Jean-Louis Chandon. "Quelques problèmes liés à la validité d'une classification." Recherche et Applications en Marketing (French Edition) 4, no. 3 (September 1989): 77–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/076737018900400305.
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Cette contribution propose d'analyser quatre problèmes fréquemment rencontrés par les praticiens du marketing dans l'utilisation des techniques d'analyse typologique qui peuvent être à la base des pratiques de segmentation. Comment mesurer la « classifiabilité » des données? Quel indice de distance ou de similarité sélectionner? Combien y a-t-il de groupes? Comment comparer les classifications produites par des méthodes différentes et utilisant des distances différentes?
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Noisangiam, Rujirek, Kamonluck Teamtisong, Panlada Tittabutr, Nantakorn Boonkerd, Uchiumi Toshiki, Kiwamu Minamisawa, and Neung Teaumroong. "Genetic Diversity, Symbiotic Evolution, and Proposed Infection Process of Bradyrhizobium Strains Isolated from Root Nodules of Aeschynomene americana L. in Thailand." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 78, no. 17 (June 29, 2012): 6236–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.00897-12.
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ABSTRACTThe diversity of bacteria nodulatingAeschynomene americanaL. in Thailand was determined from phenotypic characteristics and multilocus sequence analysis of the 16S rRNA gene and 3 housekeeping genes (dnaK,recA, andglnB). The isolated strains were nonphotosynthetic bacteria and were assigned to the genusBradyrhizobium, in whichB. yuanmingensewas the dominant species. Some of the other species, includingB. japonicum,B. liaoningense, andB. canariense, were minor species. These isolated strains were divided into 2 groups—nod-containing and divergentnod-containing strains—based on Southern blot hybridization and PCR amplification ofnodABCgenes. The divergentnodgenes could not be PCR amplified and failed to hybridizenodgene probes designed fromB. japonicumUSDA110, but hybridized to probes from other bradyrhizobial strains under low-stringency conditions. The grouping based on sequence similarity ofnodgenes was well correlated with the grouping based on that ofnifHgene, in which thenod-containing and divergentnod-containing strains were obviously distinguished. The divergentnod-containing strains and photosynthetic bradyrhizobia shared closenifHsequence similarity and an ability to fix nitrogen in the free-living state. Surprisingly, the strains isolated fromA. americanacould nodulateAeschynomeneplants that belong to different cross-inoculation (CI) groups, includingA. afrasperaandA. indica. This is the first discovery of bradyrhizobia (nonphotosynthetic andnod-containing strain) originating from CI group 1 nodulating roots ofA. indica(CI group 3). An infection process used to establish symbiosis onAeschynomenedifferent from the classical one is proposed.
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Jyoti, V., Kunwar Digvijay Narayan, and Subrata K. Das. "Gulbenkiania indica sp. nov., isolated from a sulfur spring." International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 60, no. 5 (May 1, 2010): 1052–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.014035-0.
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A novel bacterium, designated strain HT27T, was isolated from a sulfur spring sample collected from Athamallik, Orissa, India, and was characterized by using a polyphasic approach. Cells were Gram-negative, strictly aerobic, rod-shaped and motile by means of a single polar flagellum. Strain HT27T was oxidase- and catalase-positive. Growth was observed at pH 5.0–11.0 and at 15–45 °C; the highest growth yield was observed at pH 7.5–8.0 and 30–37 °C. The G+C content of the genomic DNA of strain HT27T was 63 mol%. The major cellular fatty acids were C16 : 1 ω7c (44.24 %), C16 : 0 (27.65 %), C18 : 1 ω7c (13.98 %), C12 : 0 (2.60 %) and C12 : 0 3-OH (2.22 %). 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis indicated that strain HT27T clustered with the genus Gulbenkiania and showed 99.0 % similarity to Gulbenkiania mobilis E4FC31T. However, the level of DNA–DNA relatedness between strain HT27T and G. mobilis E4FC31T was 30 %. On the basis of phenotypic and chemotaxonomic characteristics, 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and DNA–DNA hybridization data, strain HT27T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Gulbenkiania, for which the name Gulbenkiania indica sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is HT27T (=DSM 17901T =JCM 15969T).
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Li, Jianyang, Mingming Qi, Qiliang Lai, Guangyi Wang, and Zongze Shao. "Sunxiuqinia indica sp. nov., isolated from deep sea." International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 70, no. 7 (July 1, 2020): 4186–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijsem.0.004273.
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A Gram-stain-negative, facultative anaerobic, red-pigmented, rod-shaped and non-motile strain (RC1_OXG_1FT) was isolated from deep sea water of the Indian Ocean. It was able to grow at pH 5–8 (optimum, pH 7), at 5–37 °C (optimum, 30 °C), and at salinity (% NaCl, w/v) of 0.5–5 % (optimum, 1–2 %). Catalase- and oxidase-positive. It had highest 16S rRNA gene similarity (96.7 %) to ‘ Sunxiuqinia dokdonensis ’ DH1T, followed by Sunxiuqinia faeciviva JAM-BA0302T (96.6 %), Sunxiuqinia elliptica CGMCC 1.9156T (96.2 %), Sunxiuqinia rutila HG677T (96.0 %) and species (less than 92.3 %) of other genera. It belongs to the genus Sunxiuqinia within the phylum Bacteroidetes , based on the phylogenetic analysis. The results of digital DNA–DNA hybridization and average nucleotide identity analyses indicated that the strain belonged to a novel species. Its genome size is 5,250, 885 bp, with DNA G+C content of 40.5 mol%. Genome analysis revealed that the strain possessed many genes involved in polysaccharide degradation, especially hemicellulose degradation, indicating that the strain could maintain its normal metabolism by using recalcitrant organic matter in the oligotrophic deep sea environment. Its principal fatty acids were anteiso-C15 : 0 and iso-C15 : 0 and the major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, two unidentified glycolipids, three unidentified phospholipids and two unidentified polar lipids. The isoprenoid quinone was MK-7. Based on the phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and genotypic data, the strain represents a novel species within the genus Sunxiuqinia , for which the name Sunxiuqinia indica sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is RC1_OXG_1FT (=MCCC 1A13858T=KCTC 62805T).
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Kumari, Kirti, Pooja Sharma, Kshitiz Tyagi, and Rup Lal. "Pseudoxanthomonas indica sp. nov., isolated from a hexachlorocyclohexane dumpsite." International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 61, no. 9 (September 1, 2011): 2107–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.017624-0.
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A bacterial strain, designated P15T, was isolated from the soil of an open hexachlorocyclohexane dumpsite. Comparative sequence analysis showed that strain P15T displayed high 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities (94.4–97.2 %) with members of the genus Pseudoxanthomonas. The isolate was most closely related to Pseudoxanthomonas mexicana AMX 26BT (97.2 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity) and Pseudoxanthomonas japonensis 12-3T (97.2 %). DNA–DNA relatedness studies showed unambiguously that strain P15T represented a novel species that was separate from P. mexicana DSM 17121T (7.7 %) and P. japonensis DSM 17109T (9.4 %). The predominant cellular fatty acids of strain P15T were iso-C16 : 0 (21.4 %), iso-C15 : 0 (16.1 %), summed feature 9 (comprising iso-C17 : 1ω9c and/or 10-methyl C16 : 0; 14.9 %), iso-C11 : 0 3-OH (8.3 %) and iso-C14 : 0 (7.0 %). The polar lipid profile of strain P15T showed the presence of large amounts of phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol and diphosphatidylglycerol in addition to unknown glycolipids, phospholipids and an amino-group-containing polar lipid. Ubiquinone 8 was found as the major quinone. The polyamine profile showed the presence of spermidine. The DNA G+C content was 62.9±2 mol%. Strain P15T is described as representing a new member of the genus Pseudoxanthomonas, for which the name Pseudoxanthomonas indica sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is P15T ( = MTCC 8596T = CCM 7430T).
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Pawłowski, Franciszek, Maria Jędruszczak, and Jan Majda. "Weeds of cereal stubble-fields on various soils in the Kielce region. P. II. Podzolic and brown soils developed from silt of water origin, loess and chernozem." Acta Agrobotanica 47, no. 2 (2013): 27–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.5586/aa.1994.010.
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The weedy status of the cereal stubble-fields on a fertile soils (podzolic and brown developed from silt of water origin and loess as well as chemozem) were asessed. The 243 phytosociological records, collected in 69 stands situated in 63 localities, were worked out. The species composition, number and constancy (S) and indice of coverage (D) of weed species are presented in the report. There were from 113 (podzolic loess) to 142 (brown loess) weed species on the edafic sites considered. The short-lived predominated among them (62-65%). The great floristic similarity was stated within the weed species occupied the investigated soils. The 88 species (including 27 perennial) were common for the each of them. From 24 to 37 species dernonstrated high (V-III) constancy degree, but only 5-12 along with high (over 200) indice of coverage.
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Gurjar, Malkhan Singh, Rashmi Aggarwal, Shekhar Jain, Sapna Sharma, Jagmohan Singh, Sangeeta Gupta, Shweta Agarwal, and Mahender Singh Saharan. "Multilocus Sequence Typing and Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Analysis in Tilletia indica Isolates Inciting Karnal Bunt of Wheat." Journal of Fungi 7, no. 2 (February 2, 2021): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof7020103.
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Karnal bunt of wheat is an internationally quarantined disease affecting trade, quality, and production of wheat. During 2015–2016, a severe outbreak of Karnal bunt disease occurred in north-western plain zone of India. The present study was undertaken to decipher genetic variations in Indian isolates of Tilletia indica collected from different locations. Seven multilocus sequence fragments were selected to differentiate and characterize these T. indica isolates. A phylogenetic tree constructed based on pooled sequences of actin-related protein 2 (ARP2), β-tubulin (TUB), eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit A (EIF3A), glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), histone 2B (H2B), phosphoglycerate kinase (PGK), and serine/threonine-protein kinase (STPK) showed that isolate KB-11 (Kaithal, Haryana) was highly conserved as it was located in cluster 1 and has the maximum sequence similarity with the reference strain. Other isolates in cluster 1 included KB-16 and KB-17, both from Uttar Pradesh, and KB-19 from Haryana. Isolates KB-07 (Jind, Haryana) and KB-18 (Mujaffar Nagar, Uttar Pradesh) were the most diverse and grouped in a subgroup of cluster 2. Maximum numbers of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (675) were in the PGK gene across the T. indica isolates. The minimum numbers of SNPs (67) were in KB-11 (Kaithal, Haryana), while the maximum number of SNPs (165) was identified in KB-18, followed by 164 SNPs in KB-14. KB-18 isolate was found to be the most diverse amongst all T. indica isolates. This first study on multilocus sequence typing (MLST) revealed that the population of T. indica was highly diverse.
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SILVEIRA, M. C. A., R. S. L. GLÓRIA, K. M. BARBOSA, and L. S. S. SANTOS. "POTENTIAL USE OF MANGO GUM (MANGIFERA INDICA) IN PHARMACOLOGICAL SYSTEMS." Periódico Tchê Química 16, no. 33 (March 20, 2019): 688–706. http://dx.doi.org/10.52571/ptq.v16.n33.2019.703_periodico33_pgs_688_706.pdf.
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The possibility of using natural or modified polymers to formulate drug-containing nanocapsules is a pharmaceutical option for cases in which an increase in the half-life of medications in the body and a decrease in side effects is required, and may also be used for better pharmacological targeting of the site. Related to low production costs with these characteristics and renewable availability. Gums and mucilages have been studied for use in natural alternative drug delivery systems. The gum from the trunk of Mangifera indica has few studies aimed at this purpose, although it has shown promising results in previous studies. Characterization of the gum formation pathways are explained, as well as their extraction and purification. The similarity of properties of Acacia gum widely used in tablet blends has been confirmed. Mangifera indica gum was also used for accelerated drug release. The versatility of this gum is associated with the presence of mucilage. Chemical modifications of the Mangifera indica gum and mixtures among other gums may be made to adapt their properties to the various forms of controlled drug release. Several isolated compounds with pharmaceutical properties are demonstrated. Physical chemical characteristics of several articles on this gum have been compiled. The techniques already used for the formation of nanocapsules through Mangifera indica gum are presented. Several studies have been reported specifically using Mangifera indica gum from the Mango trunk used as drug release. These studies justify a summary of the pharmaceutical properties for drug delivery already performed with this gum. Complementary studies for utilization and valorization of Mango cultivation are suggested.
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Kämpfer, P., A. B. Arun, A. Frischmann, H. J. Busse, Chiu-Chung Young, P. D. Rekha, and Wen-Ming Chen. "Stappia taiwanensis sp. nov., isolated from a coastal thermal spring." International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 63, Pt_4 (April 1, 2013): 1350–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.044966-0.
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A beige-coloured, Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, non-motile moderately thermotolerant, rod-shaped organism, strain CC-SPIO-10-1T, was isolated from a coastal hot spring of Green Island (Lutao), located off Taituang, Taiwan, on Marine Agar 2216. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, this organism was grouped into the genus Stappia , showing 98.3 % sequence similarity to Stappia indica B106T and 98.2 % gene sequence similarity to Stappia stellulata IAM 12621T . Ubiquinone Q-10 was the major respiratory quinone and C18 : 1ω7c and C18 : 1ω7c 11-methyl were detected as the major fatty acids. The hydroxylated fatty acid C18 : 0 3-OH was detected as well. Predominant polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylglycerol, unidentified aminolipid AL1 and unidentified phospholipid PL1. Minor amounts of several unidentified lipids (PL2 and L1–L7) were present as well. The polyamine pattern contained the major compounds spermidine and spermine. Strain CC-SPIO-10-1T could be differentiated from the type strains of S. stellulata and S. indica by a set of biochemical tests. On the basis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and the chemotaxonomic and physiological data, it is concluded that strain CC-SPIO-10T represents a novel species of the genus Stappia for which the name Stappia taiwanensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is CC-SPIO-10 T ( = CCUG 59208T = LMG 25538 T = CCM 7757T).
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Lestari, Puji, Reflinur Reflinur, Dody Dwi Handoko, and Mastur Mastur. "KERAGAMAN GENETIK VARIETAS PADI japonica DAN indica BERDASARKAN MARKA DNA TERKAIT MUTU RASA." Scripta Biologica 5, no. 1 (March 1, 2018): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.20884/1.sb.2018.5.1.751.
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PCR-based markers and evaluation of physicochemical properties should be addressed for the improvement of rice varieties with good eating dan eating quality (EQ). This study aimed to examine the genetic diversity of rice varieties based on DNA markers related to physicochemical properties determining EQ. A total of 46 rice varieties consisting of 22 japonica varieties and 24 indica varieties were examined using 43 PCR-based markers. The results showed that polymorphic information content (PIC) ranged from 0.04 to 0.38, in support of genetic diversity indices which ranged from 0.04 to 0.50 across total markers. Pairwise genetic similarity matrix ranged from 0.40 to 0.98 with the closest genetic distance was observed between two japonica varieties (Dongjin and Hwaseong) and the most distant one was between japonica and indica (Onnuri/Manmi with Cigeulis/Fatmawati). The unweighted neighbor-joining tree clustered the rice varieties into two major clades, indica and japonica, and subsequent subclades were differentiating according to the individual genetic background. The genetic diversity of rice from different subspecies and DNA markers for EQ can effectively be utilized for basic information and marker-assisted selection (MAS) for the development of improved varieties with good EQ in rice breeding program.
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Dastager, Syed G., Shan-Kun Tang, Krishnamurthi Srinivasan, Jae-Chan Lee, and Wen-Jun Li. "Kocuria indica sp. nov., isolated from a sediment sample." International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 64, Pt_3 (March 1, 2014): 869–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.052548-0.
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An actinobacterial strain was isolated from a sediment sample from Chorao Island, in Goa province, India, and subjected to a taxonomic investigation. The isolate, designated NIO-1021T, was a Gram-stain positive, aerobic, non-motile and coccoid. Strain NIO-1021T was identified as a member of the genus Kocuria by a polyphasic approach. Strain NIO-1021T could be differentiated from other members of the genus Kocuria on the basis of physiology and 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. The 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity of strain NIO-1021T to the most closely related species, Kocuria marina KCTC 9943T, was 98.6 % with 19 nt differences). Furthermore, DNA–DNA hybridization analysis revealed that the novel strain had lower relatedness with the type strains of other members of the genus Kocuria . The strain formed a monophyletic clade with K. marina with 100 % bootstrap values. The major phospholipids were phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol and two unidentified lipids. The predominant menaquinone was MK-7(H2). The major fatty acids were anteiso-C15 : 0, iso-C16 : 0 and anteiso-C17 : 0. The DNA G+C content of strain NIO-1021T was 60.5 mol%. Chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic properties of the strain were consistent with its classification as representing a member of the genus Kocuria . On the basis of phenotypic, chemotypic and molecular characteristics, strain NIO-1021T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Kocuria , for which the name Kocuria indica sp. nov. is proposed, with strain NIO-1021T ( = NCIM 5455T = DSM 25126T = CCTCC AA 209050T) as the type strain.
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Niharika, Neha, Swati Jindal, Jasvinder Kaur, and Rup Lal. "Sphingomonas indica sp. nov., isolated from hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH)-contaminated soil." International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 62, Pt_12 (December 1, 2012): 2997–3002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.033845-0.
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A bacterial strain, designated Dd16T, was isolated from a hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) dumpsite at Lucknow, India. Cells of strain Dd16T were Gram-stain-negative, non-motile, rod-shaped and yellow-pigmented. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that the strain belonged to the genus Sphingomonas in the family Sphingomonadaceae , as it showed highest sequence similarity to Sphingomonas asaccharolytica IFO 15499T (95.36 %), Sphingosinicella vermicomposti YC7378T (95.30), ‘Sphingomonas humi’ PB323 (95.20 %), Sphingomonas sanxanigenens NX02T (95.14 %) and Sphingomonas desiccabilis CP1DT (95.00 %). The major fatty acids were summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω7c/C16 : 1ω6c) C14 : 0 2-OH, summed feature 8 (C18 : 1ω7c and/or C18 : 1ω6c) and C16 : 0. The polar lipid profile of strain Dd16T also corresponded to those reported for species of the genus Sphingomonas (phosphatidylethanolamine, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylglycerol, and a sphingoglycolipid), again supporting its identification as a member of the genus Sphingomonas . The predominant respiratory quinone was ubiquinone Q10, and sym-homospermidine was the major polyamine observed. The total DNA G+C content of strain Dd16T was 65.8 mol%. The results obtained on the basis of phenotypic characteristics and phylogenetic analysis and after biochemical and physiological tests, clearly distinguished strain Dd16T from closely related members of the genus Sphingomonas . Thus, strain Dd16T represents a novel species of the genus Sphingomonas for which the name Sphingomonas indica sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is Dd16T ( = DSM 25434T = CCM 7882T).
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Amato, Suzana B., and José Clecildo B. Bezerra. "Parasitismo natural de Bradybaema similaris (Férussac, 1821) por Postharmostomum gallinum Witenberg, 1923." Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz 84, no. 1 (March 1989): 75–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0074-02761989000100014.
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Um total de 4.298 exemplares de Bradybaena similaris foram coletados na zona rural do município do Rio de Janeiro e nos municípios de Paracambi e Itaguai, RJ, entre outubro de 1983 e setembro de 1986. Destes caramujos, 2.005 apresentaram metacercárias livres na cavidade pericádica. As prevalências médias anuais foram de: 42,89% (primeiro ano), 43,42% (segundo ano) e 55,86% (terceiro ano). As metacercárias foram identificadas, através de infecções experimentais em pintos, como sendo de Posttharmostomum gallinum. A pouca variação de tamanho entre as metacercárias de um mesmo hospedeiro indica que não existe um recrutamento contínuo do parasito. Análise estatística mostrou que não existe correlação entre o tamanho do caramujo e o número de metacercárias presentes na cavidade pericárdica, e que a mortalidade dos caramujos, observada em laboratório, era devido à infecção parasitária.
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Azad, Md Salim, Nurun Nahar, Abdus Subhan Mollick, and Md Abdul Matin. "Variation in Seedling Growth of Tamarindus indica (L.): A Threatening Medicinal Fruit Tree Species in Bangladesh." Journal of Ecosystems 2014 (July 23, 2014): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/270956.
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Seedling growth is a precondition for conservation and sustainable use of genetic resources which depends upon understanding of breeding system, genetic inconsistency, and evolutionary forces in forest tree improvement. The aim of this study was to determine variation in seedling growth and age-age correlations of Tamarindus indica at population level in Bangladesh. The study revealed significant (P<0.05) differences of seasonal variation in seedling growth. Height and collar diameter growth showed significant (P<0.05) positive correlation with mean monthly rainfall. The study also revealed significant difference (P<0.05) of seedling growth among T. indica population. PCA illustrated rainfall, height growth, and diameter growth as the main characters in this study which defined drought as an additive character for this species. Cluster analysis of similarity showed how seedlings from 22.67°N latitude (origin) separated from others. An increasing trend of age-age correlation was identified in both cases of shoot height and diameter growth. The study concluded that seed collection for either ex situ conservation or seedling production can be done from 22.67°N latitude as seedlings from that area performed better than others, and early clonal selection of T. indica can be done at the age of 9 months.
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Vela, Ana I., Marta Perez Sancho, Lucas Domínguez, Hans-Jürgen Busse, and Jose F. Fernández-Garayzábal. "Pelistega suis sp. nov., isolated from domestic and wild animals." International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 65, Pt_12 (December 1, 2015): 4909–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijsem.0.000673.
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Biochemical and molecular genetic studies were performed on three novel Gram-stain-negative, catalase- and oxidase-positive, bacilli-shaped organisms isolated from the tonsils of two pigs and one wild boar. The micro-organism was identified as a species of the genus Pelistega based on its cellular morphological and biochemical tests. The closest phylogenetic relative of the novel bacilli was Pelistega indica HM-7T (98.2 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to the type strain). groEL and gyrB sequence analysis showed interspecies divergence from the closest 16S rRNA gene phylogenetic relative, P. indica of 87.0.% and 69 %, respectively. The polyamine pattern contains predominantly putrescine and 2-hydroxyputrescine. The major quinone is ubiquinone Q-8 and in the polar lipid profile, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, an unidentified aminolipid and an unidentified lipid are predominant. The novel bacterial isolate can be distinguished from P. indica by several biochemical characteristics, such as the production of l-pyrrolydonil arylamidase but not gamma-glutamyl-transferase, and the utilization of different carbon sources. Based on both phenotypic and phylogenetic findings, the novel bacterium is classified as representing a novel species of the genus Pelistega, for which the name Pelistega suis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is 3340-03T ( = CECT 8400T = CCUG 64465T).
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Lee, Yoo-Jin, Michael J. Thomson, and Joong Hyoun Chin. "Application of indica–japonica single-nucleotide polymorphism markers for diversity analysis of Oryza AA genome species." Plant Genetic Resources 12, S1 (July 2014): S36—S40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1479262114000215.
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High-throughput genotyping using single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) is one tool that can be used to study the genetic relationships between wild rice relatives and cultivated rice. In this study, a set of 96 indica–japonica SNP markers, which can differentiate indica and japonica subspecies of rice, were used to characterize 227 Oryza accessions including 93 AA genome accessions from seven wild Oryza species. A total of 72 markers of the 96 markers were selected for the phylogenetic study and allele polymorphism survey. A subset of SNP markers were present only in Oryza sativa and evolutionarily close species, Oryza nivara and Oryza rufipogon. These markers can be used for distinguishing cultivated rice from the other species and vice versa. Eight clusters were generated through phylogenetic analysis, and Oryza meridionalis and Oryza longistaminata appeared to be the most distantly related species to cultivated rice. In this study, Oryza barthii and Oryza glaberrima accessions were found to exhibit high genetic similarity. Across the wild species, more indica-type alleles were detected for most accessions. In this study, a set of markers selected to be informative across O. sativa accessions were used, but it will be interesting to compare the results of this study with SNP data obtained through next-generation sequencing in the future.
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Jiao, Jichao, Wenyi Li, Zhongliang Deng, and Qasim Ali Arain. "A structural similarity-inspired performance assessment model for multisensor image registration algorithms." International Journal of Advanced Robotic Systems 14, no. 4 (July 1, 2017): 172988141771705. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1729881417717059.
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In order to assess the performance of multisensor image registration algorithms that are used in the multirobot information fusion, we propose a model based on structural similarity whose name is vision registration assessment model. First of all, this article introduces a new image concept named superimposed image for testing subjective and objective assessment methods. Therefore, we assess the superimposed image but not the registered image, which is different from previous image registration assessment methods that usually use reference and sensed images. Then, we calculate eight assessment indicators from different aspects for superimposed images. After that, vision registration assessment model fuses the eight indicators using canonical correlation analysis, which is used for evaluating the quality of an image registration results in different aspects. Finally, three kinds of images which include optical images, infrared images, and SAR images are used to test vision registration assessment model. After evaluating three state-of-the-art image registration methods, experiments indict that the proposed structural similarity-motivated model achieved almost same evaluation results with that of the human object with the consistency rate of 98.3%, which shows that vision registration assessment model is efficient and robust for evaluating multisensor image registration algorithms. Moreover, vision registration assessment model is independent of the emotional factors and outside environment, which is different from the human.
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Tan, Lin, Mei Wang, Youfa Kang, Farrukh Azeem, Zhaoxi Zhou, Decai Tuo, Lina María Preciado Rojo, Ikhlas Khan, and Zhiqiang Pan. "Biochemical and Functional Characterization of Anthocyanidin Reductase (ANR) from Mangifera indica L." Molecules 23, no. 11 (November 5, 2018): 2876. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules23112876.
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Mango (Mangifera indica L.) is abundant in proanthocyanidins (PAs) that are important for human health and plant response to abiotic stresses. However, the molecular mechanisms involved in PA biosynthesis still need to be elucidated. Anthocyanidin reductase (ANR) catalyzes a key step in PA biosynthesis. In this study, three ANR cDNAs (MiANR1-1,1-2,1-3) were isolated from mango, and expressed in Escherichia coli. In vitro enzyme assay showed MiANR proteins convert cyanidin to their corresponding flavan-3-ols, such as (−)-catechin and (−)-epicatechin. Despite high amino acid similarity, the recombinant ANR proteins exhibited differences in enzyme kinetics and cosubstrate preference. MiANR1-2 and MiANR1-3 have the same optimum pH of 4.0 in citrate buffer, while the optimum pH for MiANR1-1 is pH 3.0 in phosphate buffer. MiANR1-1 does not use either NADPH or NADH as co-substrate while MiANR1-2/1-3 use only NADPH as co-substrate. MiANR1-2 has the highest Km and Vmax for cyanidin, followed by MiANR1-3 and MiANR1-1. The overexpression of MiANRs in ban mutant reconstructed the biosynthetic pathway of PAs in the seed coat. These data demonstrate MiANRs can form the ANR pathway, leading to the formation of two types of isomeric flavan-3-ols and PAs in mango.
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Fatima, Sabin, Rukhsana Bajwa, Tehmina Anjum, and Zafar Saleem. "Assessment of genetic diversity among different indigenous Xanthomonas isolates via RAPD and ISSR." Archives of Biological Sciences 64, no. 1 (2012): 307–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/abs1201307f.
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The genetic diversity among seven Xanthomonas isolates representing four species was assessed using RAPD and ISSR PCR-based techniques. Both techniques revealed high degrees of polymorphisms among the studied isolates. A cluster dendrogram based on the combined data of RAPD and ISSR showed that genetic diversity exists in local isolates of Xanthomonas. In terms of percentage similarity values, the genomic variation was found to be in the range of 29.29% - 100% among the isolates. X. campestris (Mangifera indica) remained unclustered in cluster dendrogram and revealed a unique genomic profile compared to other isolates used in this study.
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Gedela, Ravi, Naga Sai Babu Makke, and Dinesh Karra. "A Metagenomics Analysis on B-Carotene Synthesis in Neurospora Crassa." International Journal of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology 3, no. 3 (September 25, 2015): 490–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijasbt.v3i3.13306.
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We have studied insilico on evolutionary uniqueness of phytoene synthase, which is one of the regulatory enzymes of ?-carotene synthesis in Neurospora crassa. This study reveals multiple sequence alignments showed high sequences with similarity within a species of bacteria, fungi and higher plants. This results designate interestingly between species of bacteria-fungi, fungi-plant, and among the species of bacteria-fungi-plant, showed tremendously less sequence with similarity, except bacteria-plant (high sequence with similarity) respectively. In Phylogenetics tree analysis showed within species of bacteria, fungi and plant 91%, 92% and 99% homology. Whereas in between species of bacteria-fungi, bacteria-plant, fungi-plant, and among the species bacteria-fungi-plant showed 99%, 96%, 100%, and 91%-99% homology respectively. N. crassa phytoene synthase enzyme encode (Isoprenoid Biosynthesis enzymes, Class 1) protein size 610aa, Cyanobacteria phytoene encode (Isoprenoid Biosynthesis enzymes, Class 1) protein size 310aa, and Oryza sativa Indica phytoene synthase 1 (chloroplast), (Isoprenoid Biosynthesis enzymes, Class 1) encode protein size 421aa (e- value 0.0, 0.0 and 0.0; identity 100%, 100% and 100%; Max.score:1238, 644 and 870) respectively. We studied insilico on basis of an evolutionary Endosymbiotic theory; a bacterium is the ancestors to eukaryotes. Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol, Vol 3(3): 490-503
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Gujarati, Sukriti, Diptaraj Chaudhari, Ashwini Hagir, Mitesh Khairnar, Yogesh Shouche, and Praveen Rahi. "Klebsiella indica sp. nov., isolated from the surface of a tomato." International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 70, no. 5 (May 1, 2020): 3278–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijsem.0.004168.
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A novel bacterial strain, designated TOUT106T, was isolated from the surface of a tomato. The cells were rod-shaped, Gram-negative, encapsulated and non-motile. Strain TOUT106T grows best at 28 °C and pH 7.0 and can tolerate up to 2 % (w/v) NaCl. Based on 16S rRNA gene phylogeny, strain TOUT106T was placed close to the Salmonella clade, with close similarity to Salmonella enterica subsp. arizonae strain NCTC 8297T (98.42 %). Results of genome-based phylogenetic analysis revealed that strain TOUT106T is placed well in the Klebsiella–Raoultella clade, by forming a distinct branch with Klebsiella michiganensis DSM25444T, Klebsiella oxytoca NCTC132727T, Klebsiella grimontii 06D021T and Klebsiella pasteurii SB6412T. The genomic DNA G+C content of strain TOUT106T is 53.53 mol%. The average nucleotide identity values of TOUT106T were less than 86.5 % with closely related members of the family Enterobacteriaceae . The major fatty acids of strain TOUT106T were C16 : 0, C17:0 cyclo, C14:0 3OH/C16:1 iso, C14 : 0, C19:0 cyclo ω8c, C18:1 ω6c/C18:1 ω7c, C12 : 0 and C16:1 ω7c/C16:1 ω6c. Strain TOUT106T showed differences in physiological, phenotypic and protein profiles by MALDI-TOF MS compared to its closest relatives. Based on the results of phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic analyses, strain TOUT106T could be distinguished from the recognized species of the genus Klebsiella . It is suggested to represent a novel species of this genus, for which the name Klebsiella indica sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is TOUT106T (=MCC 2901T=KACC 21384T=JCM 33718T).
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Elshikh, Mohamed Soliman, Soo-Yong Kim, Mohammad Ajmal Ali, Fahad Al-Hemaid, Shen-Ming Chen, Sangho Choi, Mohammad Oliur Rahman, Meena Elangbam, and Joongku Lee. "Comparative analysis of cp genome of Fagonia indica growing in desert and its implications in pattern of similarity and variations." Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences 27, no. 1 (January 2020): 229–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sjbs.2019.08.016.
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Okubo, Takashi, Shohei Fukushima, Manabu Itakura, Kenshiro Oshima, Aphakorn Longtonglang, Neung Teaumroong, Hisayuki Mitsui, et al. "Genome Analysis Suggests that the Soil Oligotrophic Bacterium Agromonas oligotrophica (Bradyrhizobium oligotrophicum) Is a Nitrogen-Fixing Symbiont of Aeschynomene indica." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 79, no. 8 (February 8, 2013): 2542–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.00009-13.
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ABSTRACTAgromonas oligotrophica(Bradyrhizobium oligotrophicum) S58Tis a nitrogen-fixing oligotrophic bacterium isolated from paddy field soil that is able to grow in extra-low-nutrient environments. Here, the complete genome sequence of S58 was determined. The S58 genome was found to comprise a circular chromosome of 8,264,165 bp with an average GC content of 65.1% lackingnodABCgenes and the typical symbiosis island. The genome showed a high level of similarity to the genomes ofBradyrhizobiumsp. ORS278 andBradyrhizobiumsp. BTAi1, including nitrogen fixation and photosynthesis gene clusters, which nodulate an aquatic legume plant,Aeschynomene indica, in a Nod factor-independent manner. Although nonsymbiotic (brady)rhizobia are significant components of rhizobial populations in soil, we found that most genes important for nodule development (ndv) and symbiotic nitrogen fixation (nifandfix) withA. indicawere well conserved between the ORS278 and S58 genomes. Therefore, we performed inoculation experiments with fiveA. oligotrophicastrains (S58, S42, S55, S72, and S80). Surprisingly, all five strains ofA. oligotrophicaformed effective nitrogen-fixing nodules on the roots and/or stems ofA. indica, with differentiated bacteroids. Nonsymbiotic (brady)rhizobia are known to be significant components of rhizobial populations without a symbiosis island or symbiotic plasmids in soil, but the present results indicate that soil-dwellingA. oligotrophicagenerally possesses the ability to establish symbiosis withA. indica. Phylogenetic analyses suggest that Nod factor-independent symbiosis withA. indicais a common trait ofnodABC- and symbiosis island-lacking strains within the members of the photosyntheticBradyrhizobiumclade, includingA. oligotrophica.
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Hilu, Khidir W. "Evolution of finger millet: evidence from random amplified polymorphic DNA." Genome 38, no. 2 (April 1, 1995): 232–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g95-028.
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Finger millet (Eleusine coracana ssp. coracana) is an annual tetraploid member of a predominantly African genus. The crop is believed to have been domesticated from the tetraploid E. coracana ssp. africana. Cytogenetic and isozyme data point to the allopolyploid nature of the species and molecular information has shown E. indica to be one of the genomic donors. A recent isozyme study questioned the proposed phylogenetic relationship between finger millet and its direct ancestor subspecies africana. An approach using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) was employed in this study to examine genetic diversity and to evaluate hypotheses concerning the evolution of domesticated and wild annual species of Eleusine. Unlike previous molecular approaches, the RAPD study revealed genetic diversity in the crop. The pattern of genetic variation was loosely correlated to geographic distribution. The allotetraploid nature of the crop was confirmed and molecular markers that can possibly identify the other genomic donor were proposed. Genotypes of subspecies africana did not group closely with those of the crop but showed higher affinities to E. indica, reflecting the pattern of similarity revealed by the isozyme study. The multiple origin of subspecies africana could explain the discrepancy between the isozyme–RAPD evidence and previous information. The RAPD study showed the close genetic affinity of E. tristachya to the E. coracana – E. indica group and underscored the distinctness of E. multiflora.Key words: finger millet, Eleusine, RAPD, evolution, germplasm.
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Bajpai, Usha. "Floristic, age and stratigraphical position of fossiliferous band in Chitra mine area, Saharjuri Outlier, Deogarh coalfield, Bihar." Journal of Palaeosciences 37, no. (1-3) (December 31, 1988): 306–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.54991/jop.1988.1628.
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The Saharjuri Outlier is one of the three coal-bearing areas in the Deogarh Coalfield. There have been doubts about the age and stratigraphical position of these beds. A recent collection of plant megafossils from Chitra Mine Area in the Saharjuri Outlier shows the presence of Gangamopteris maheshwarii sp. nov., Gangamopteris obovata Carruthers, Glossopteris deogarhensis sp. nov. Glossopteris linearis Feistmantel, Glossopteris decipiens Feistmantel, Noeggerathiopsis conspicua Lele & Makada, Noeggerathiopsis saharjuriensis sp. nov, Noeggerathiopsis bihariensis sp. nov., Cordaicarpus sp., Samaropsis sp. and Vertebraria indica Royle, Overall assemblage is characteristically basal Barakar in composition, having close similarity to some of the known assemblages from the Karharbari "Formation"/"Stage" (Noeggerathiopsis - Gangamopteris Assemblage Zone).
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N, Draou, Selami N, Karkachi N, Kacem Mourad, and Kaid Harche M. "Isolation and characterization of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria from Opuntia ficus-indica and their effect on Wheat growth." South Asian Journal of Experimental Biology 9, no. 6 (February 15, 2020): 255–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.38150/sajeb.9(6).p255-265.
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Endophytic bacteria are found inside host plants without causing disease symptoms, and form a range of di erent bene cial rela onships. In this study, four bacterial strains were isolated from roots, cladodes and non gus- tatory fruits of Opun a cus-indicaL. collected from the Algerian semi-arid region. The bacteria were able to grow at temperatures as 45 °C. 16SrRNA sequencing revealed the iden ty of isolates as Pseudomonas pu da(E1)with 98% similarity,P. brassicacearum(E2) and Klebsiella pneumonia (E3,E4)with 99% similarity. The strains were tested in vitro for their biocontrol ac vity against phytopathogenic fungus, and found to have the ability to inhibit the Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. albedinis and Aspergillus niger growth. We noticed that the most important inhibitory effect recorded with P. pu da (69.78±3.93 and 65.15±2.8), and that the feeble antagonistic effect recorded with P. brassicacearum (20.57±6.04 and 8.52 ±2.8) against of F.oxysporum f.sp albdeinis and A.niger. The plant growth promo ng (PGP) proper es were demonstrated through wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) based bioassay under hydroponic condi ons.The inocula on of bacteria showed an increase in density, length of roots and stems, indica ng the PGP abili es of these bacteria. P. pu da showed a poten al for growth of wheat plant.We no ced respectively the length of both stems and roots (17.34 ± 0.54 mm; 11.07 ± 0.67 mm), and we found that fresh and dry weight was (0.23 ± 0.029 g; 0.0375 ±0.003 g). Overall the results showed that isolates characterized were able to improve the growth of plants, and inhibit the propaga on of phytopathogenic fungi. To our knowledge, this is the rst report describing the isola on of bacteria from O. cus-indica(L.) in Algerian semi-arid region.
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Tunholi, Victor Menezes, Caio Oliveira Monteiro, Lidiane Cristina da Silva, Claudia de Melo Dolinski, Marcos Antônio José dos Santos, Maria de Lurdes de Azevedo Rodrigues, Vânia Rita Elias Pinheiro Bittencourt, Jairo Pinheiro, and Vinícius Menezes Tunholi-Alves. "Physiological alterations in Bradybaena similaris (Stylommatophora: Bradybaenidae) induced by the entomopathogenic nematode Heterorhabditis indica (Rhabditida: Heterorhabditidae) strain LPP1." Experimental Parasitology 139 (April 2014): 12–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.exppara.2014.02.005.
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Tunholi, Victor Menezes, Vinícius Menezes Tunholi-Alves, Caio Oliveira Monteiro, Lidiane Cristina da Silva, Cláudia de Melo Dolinski, Rosane Nora Castro, Vânia Rita Elias Pinheiro Bittencourt, Jairo Pinheiro da Silva, and Isabella Vilhena Freire Martins. "Biological, biochemical and histological features of Bradybaena similaris (Gastropoda: Pulmonata) infected by Heterorabditis indica (Rhabditida: Heterorhabditidae) strain LPP1." Experimental Parasitology 179 (August 2017): 28–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.exppara.2017.06.004.
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González Sánchez, Patricia María, Otávio Luis Marques da Silva, Rubén Cabrera, Beatriz Martínez Daranas, Enrique Reynaldo de la Cruz, Valéria Cassano, and Mutue Toyota Fujii. "Similarity and areas of endemism of the Laurencia complex (Ceramiales, Rhodomelaceae) in Cuba." Anales de Biología, no. 44 (July 4, 2022): 55–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.6018/analesbio.44.06.
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Las especies del complejo Laurencia son elementos importantes en la estructura y diversidad de los ecosistemas costeros. Por primera vez, se analiza la distribución geográfica del complejo dentro de la plataforma cubana, sus áreas marinas protegidas y se identifican áreas potenciales endémicas, considerando las ecozonas en que se dividió la plataforma. A la fecha, se han inventariado 19 especies, de estas 10 pertenecen a Laurencia, una a Osmundea, cinco a Palisada, dos a Yuzurua, y se incorporó Laurenciella como nuevo género para Cuba. La distribución fue desigual, con un alto número de especies y puntos de ocurrencia, especialmente en las regiones Occidental y Central de la costa norte. El análisis de parsimonia de endemicidad indicó dos ecozonas, una en Habana-Matanzas y otra en la Costa Nordeste, sustentadas por tres y dos especies endémicas, respectivamente. Species of the Laurencia complex are important elements in the structure and diversity of coastal ecosystems. For the first time, we analyzed the geographical distribution of the complex within the Cuban shelf, its marine protected areas and identified potential endemic areas, considering the ecozones into which the shelf was divided. To date, 19 species have been inventoried, of which 10 belong to Laurencia, one to Osmundea, five to Palisada, two to Yuzurua, and Laurenciella a new record of genus for Cuba. The distribution was uneven, with a high number of species and occurrence points, especially in the Western and Central regions of the northern coast. The parsimony analysis of endemicity indicated two ecozones, one in Habana-Matanzas and the other in the Northeast Coast, supported by three and two endemic species, respectively.
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Li, Yong Hua, Rui Wang, Xiao Xia Zhang, J. Peter W. Young, En Tao Wang, Xin Hua Sui, and Wen Xin Chen. "Bradyrhizobium guangdongense sp. nov. and Bradyrhizobium guangxiense sp. nov., isolated from effective nodules of peanut." International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 65, Pt_12 (December 1, 2015): 4655–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijsem.0.000629.
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Seven slow-growing rhizobia isolated from effective nodules of Arachis hypogaea were assigned to the genus Bradyrhizobium based on sharing 96.3–99.9 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with the type strains of recognized Bradyrhizobium species. Multilocus sequence analysis of glnII, recA, gyrB and dnaK genes indicated that the seven strains belonged to two novel species represented by CCBAU 51649T and CCBAU 53363T. Strain CCBAU 51649T shared 94, 93.4, 92.3 and 94.9 % and CCBAU 53363T shared 91.4, 94.5, 94.6 and 97.7 % sequence similarity for the glnII, recA, gyrB and dnaK genes, respectively, with respect to the closest related species Bradyrhizobium manausense BR 3351T and Bradyrhizobium yuanmingense CCBAU 10071T. Summed feature 8 and C16 : 0 were the predominant fatty acid components for strains CCBAU 51649T and CCBAU 53363T. DNA–DNA hybridization and analysis of phenotypic characteristics also distinguished these strains from the closest related Bradyrhizobium species. The strains formed effective nodules on Arachis hypogaea, Lablab purpureus and Aeschynomene indica, and they had identical nodA genes to Bradyrhizobium sp. PI237 but were phylogenetically divergent from other available nodA genes at less than 66 % similarity. Based in these results, strains CCBAU 51649T ( = CGMCC 1.15034T = LMG 28620T) and CCBAU 53363T ( = CGMCC 1.15035T = LMG 28621T) are designated the type strains of two novel species, for which the names Bradyrhizobium guangdongense sp. nov. and Bradyrhizobium guangxiense sp. nov. are proposed, respectively.
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Sukhorukov, A. P., M. a. Kushunina, V. Yu Alyonkin, Jean Hivert, and Vincent Boullet. "Notes on the samphires (Salicornioideae, Chenopodiaceae–Amaranthaceae) in Madagascar and Europa Island, with further conclusions on their chorology in Africa." Novitates Systematicae Plantarum Vascularium 52 (2021): 38–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.31111/novitates/2021.52.38.
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The last treatment of Chenopodiaceae in Madagascar was published in 1954 and since then, the generic circumscription of Chenopodiaceae including Salicornioideae has changed drastically. The Madagascan Salicornioideae (samphires) are still insufficiently studied. Salicornia pachystachya described from Madagascar had a turbulent nomenclatural and morphological history, frequently considered as Arthrocnemum pachystachyum due to the alleged similarity of the seed characters with other Arthrocnemum species, or considered in a broader sense including the related Salicornia perrieri. However, the reproductive features of S. pachystachya confirm its placement within Salicornia, and the thick inflorescences and longer seeds distinguish it from S. perrieri, another native Madagascan species. Two other members of Salicornioideae in Madagascar are the subshrubby Salicornia mossambicensis, erroneously named S. fruticosa or Arthrocnemum natalense, and Tecticornia indica. Herein, a diagnostic key is provided for the delimitation of four samphire species in Madagascar, and the lectotypes of Salicornia pachystachya and S. perrieri are designated. Only two species, S. pachystachya and Tecticornia indica, are recorded for Europa Island, and their habitat preferences in this location are presented, as well as a discussion of the species composition and chorology of samphires in continental Africa.
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Kumar, M., V. Ponnuswami, C. Rajamanickam, and TL Preethi. "Assessment of genetic diversity in Tamarind (Tamarindus indica L. ) using random amplified polymorphic DNA markers." SAARC Journal of Agriculture 13, no. 1 (July 15, 2015): 27–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/sja.v13i1.24177.
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Determination of genetic variation is important to the plant breeders for development of high yielding variety. The aim of the current study was to investigate the genetic diversity of nine tamarind cultivars, out of nine four flowering cultivars using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. Ten Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) primers were used to assess the genetic diversity in four flowering cultivars and five non-flowering of tamarind trees. The average genetic similarity level among the four flowering cultivars and five non-flowering accessions grouped into six clusters groups at 0.76%. RAPD profiles of all the tamarind were compared and a total of 58 scorable bands were produced with seven primers ranging from one for OPG-13 to twelve for OPA-R15. Genotypes which were morphological closely related were found to be unrelated at the molecular level. A sizeable amount of intrapopulation diversity recorded in the present study which can be utilized in hybridization programmes to efficiently introgress the desirable trait of interest.SAARC J. Agri., 13(1): 27-36 (2015)
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Mandujano, Salvador, Ariana Barrera-Salazar, and Antonio Vergara-Castrejón. "Similarity in plant species consumed by goat flocks in the tropical dry forest of the Cañada, Oaxaca." Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Pecuarias 10, no. 2 (June 17, 2019): 490–505. http://dx.doi.org/10.22319/rmcp.v10i2.4370.
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El manejo de caprinos (Capra hircus) en sistemas extensivos es una práctica común en la Reserva de la Biosfera Tehuacán-Cuicatlán (RBTC), México. En el presente estudio se analizó la similitud de las especies de plantas consumidas por los caprinos de diferentes rebaños en un paisaje de la Cañada en Oaxaca. Se siguió a ocho rebaños en diferentes localidades durante las épocas de lluvias 2012 y la de seca 2013. Para determinar la similitud espacial y temporal entre los rebaños dependiendo de las plantas consumidas, se emplearon métodos de análisis multivariado, específicamente de agrupamiento jerárquico en el programa R. Los caprinos consumieron 84 especies, de las cuales 30 constituyen el 75 % de la dieta. De acuerdo a los análisis de similitud, Mimosa sp. y Acacia cochiliacantha fueron las especies consumidas con mayor frecuencia por todos los rebaños; mientras que Eleusine indica, Prosopis leavigata y Opuntia sp. fueron las siguientes en importancia. El rebaño de la localidad Tecomovaca fue el menos similar al resto de los rebaños estudiados. Estos resultados contribuyen al entendimiento de los hábitos de forrajeo de los caprinos en región tropical seca, donde la disponibilidad de recursos es marcadamente estacional.
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Shivran, Mukesh, Nimisha Sharma, Anil Kumar Dubey, Sanjay Kumar Singh, Neha Sharma, Vignesh Muthusamy, Maneesh Jain, et al. "Scion/Rootstock Interaction Studies for Quality Traits in Mango (Mangifera indica L.) Varieties." Agronomy 13, no. 1 (January 9, 2023): 204. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13010204.
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To explore the quality rootstocks which impart better quality fruits in mango varieties, we studied the interactive effect of the scion and rootstock using five mango varieties (Mallika, Amrapali, Dashehari, Pusa Arunima, and Pusa Surya) grafted on three rootstocks (Olour, Kurukkan, and K-5). A total of 25 physico-chemical parameters were studied in the five grafted varieties viz., fruit weight, yield efficiency, fruit per plant, pulp percent, total soluble solids (TSS), acidity, physiological loss in weight (PLW), peel thickness, respiration rate, etc., and were found to be altered through scion–rootstock interaction. Among the five mango varieties, Olour rootstock proved best to improve the fruit quality and shelf life using the grafting approach. Physico-chemical-traits-based clustering was unable to precisely group scion varieties according to their grafting rootstock. A total of 35 shelf-life specific markers were designed from ripening genes, such as expansin, polygalactouranase, ethylene insensitive, ethylene sensitive, etc. Of these specific primers, 24 showed polymorphism among the studied genotypes. The gene diversity (GD), allele per locus (An), polymorphism information content (PIC), and major allele frequency (MAF) observed were 0.43, 2.00, 0.34, and 0.63, respectively. Cluster analysis clearly showed that scion grafted on Kurukkan and Olour rootstock, and scion varieties grafted on K-5 rootstock grouped together have more similarity. A total of eight simple sequence repeats loci (SSRs) markers were associated with eight physiological traits. Strong association of SSR loci NMSLC-12 and NMSLC-14 with yield efficiency and fruit weight were observed with a phenotypic variance of 85% and 70%, respectively.