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Journal articles on the topic "Indians, treatment of – united states – history"
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Sarin, Shiv K., and Manoj Kumar. "HBV prevalence, natural history, and treatment in India and Indian Americans in the United States." Current Hepatitis Reports 8, no. 1 (February 2009): 31–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11901-009-0005-y.
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Ullrich, Helen E. "Culture, Empathy, and the Therapeutic Alliance." Psychodynamic Psychiatry 50, no. 1 (March 2022): 151–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1521/pdps.2022.50.1.151.
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When the therapist and patient are from different cultures, there may be impediments to the development of empathy and a therapeutic alliance. South India culture provides an example of contrasting values and customs about which patients may be reluctant to discuss. The initial case history is of a South Indian who sought treatment in the United States. The remaining cases, drawn from a village in South India with which the author has had a 55-year history of research, illustrate cultural factors potentially inhibiting or facilitating the development of empathy and a therapeutic alliance.
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Sagar, Deepika, and Priyanka Gupta. "A Comparative Study of Medical Device Regulation in US and India." International Journal of Drug Regulatory Affairs 10, no. 1 (March 15, 2022): 83–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/ijdra.v10i1.511.
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Articles, instruments, apparatuses, or machines used in the prevention, diagnosis, or treatment of illness or disease, or for detecting, measuring, restoring, correcting, or modifying the structure or function of the body for some health purpose, make up the medical technology industry (commonly referred to as medical devices).
Medical supplies India's medical market is one of the top twenty in the world. By 2025, it is estimated to be valued $5.2 billion. India produces very little medical equipment and currently imports more than 70% of its medical supplies. In India, medical devices were governed by The D&C Act is a federal law that regulates the sale of drugs and cosmetic of 1940, which included specific medical device laws. India Medical Device Rules 2017, which are new medical regulations in India, were issued to fill this hole by the CDSCO. There are many doctors and pioneers in the field.
On the other hand, the United States continues to be the world's largest medical device market, with $156 billion in sales. It is estimated to reach $208 billion by 2023. In 2018, the United States exported $43 billion worth of medical equipment in key product categories specified by the Department of Commerce.
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Asl, Moussa Pourya, Nurul Farhana Low Abdullah, and Md Salleh Yaapar. "Sexual Politics of the Gaze and Objectification of the (Immigrant) Woman in Jhumpa Lahiri’s Interpreter of Maladies." American Studies in Scandinavia 50, no. 2 (October 30, 2018): 89–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.22439/asca.v50i2.5779.
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Gayatri Spivak’s repeated accusations against the hyphenated Americans of colluding in their own exploitation is noteworthy in the context of diasporic writers’ portrayal of immigrant women within the prevailing discourse of anti-Communism in the United States. The woman in South Asian American writings is often portrayed as still stuck in the traditional prescribed gender roles imposed by patriarchal society. This essay explores Jhumpa Lahiri’s literary engagement with the contemporary racialization and gendering of a collective subject described as the Indian diaspora in her Pulitzer Prize winning short story collection, Interpreter of Maladies (1999). Specifically, it focuses on the two stories of “Sexy” and “The Treatment of Bibi Haldar” to analyse the manner dynamics of the gaze operate between the male and female characters. The numerous acts of looking that take place in these stories fall naturally into two major categories: the psychoanalytic look of voyeurism and the historicist gaze of surveillance. Through a rapprochement between the two seemingly different fields of the socius and the psychic, the study concludes that the material and ideological specificities of the stories that formulate a particular group of women as powerless, passive, alien and monstrous are rooted in the contradictory cultural and moral imperatives of the contemporary American society.
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Treadwell, Henrie M., Marguerite Ro, LaTonya Sallad, Erica McCray, and Cheryl Franklin. "Discerning Disparities: The Data Gap." American Journal of Men's Health 13, no. 1 (October 20, 2018): 155798831880709. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1557988318807098.
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Health disparities that focus on gender and on the ancillary dependent variables of race and ethnicity reflect continually early illness, compromised quality of life, and often premature and preventable deaths. The inability of the nation to eliminate disparities also track along race and gender in communities where a limited number of health-care providers and policymakers identify as being from these traditionally underserved and marginalized population groups. Epidemiologists and other researchers and analysts have traditionally failed to integrate the social determinants of health and other variables known to support upward mobility in their predictive analyses of health status. The poor, and poor men of color particularly, begin a descent to invisibility and separation that has been witnessed since the early days of this nation. This history has the majority of men of color mired in poverty or near poverty and has more substantively and explicitly affected both American Indians and Africans forced into immigration into the United States and into slavery. Other racial and ethnic groups including large distinct ethnic groups of Asian Americans and Hispanics/Latinx do not have their treatment by systems fully reported from a health and social justice perspective simply because the systems do not disaggregate by race and ethnicity. It is axiomatic that examining disparities through the lens of race, ethnicity, and gender provides a unique opportunity to reflect upon what is known about boys’ and men’s health, particularly men from communities of color, and about payment systems. Integration of all populations into the enumeration of morbidity, mortality, and disparity indices is a dynamic reflection of the vision and exclusive actions of decision makers.
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Chen, Yiming, Haijun Wang, Jorge E. Cortes, and Hagop M. Kantarjian. "Trends in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Survival in the United States From 1975–2009." Blood 120, no. 21 (November 16, 2012): 3780. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v120.21.3780.3780.
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Abstract Abstract 3780 Background: The use of interferon-alfa and allogeneic-stem cell transplantation, and more recently of tyrosine-kinase inhibitors (TKIs) has improved the outcome of patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). The purpose of this large scale population-based study is to provide comprehensive, up-to- date analysis of the short- and long-term RS of patients with CML over different treatment eras, with particular focus on the era of TKI targeted therapy. Patients and methods: Data from SEER 9 registries database were selected for the present study. The 9 registries covered about 10% of the US population. A total of 13,871 patients with an initial diagnosis of CML between1975–2009 were reported to the SEER 9 registries. Two patients were excluded from this study because of unknown ages. The remaining 13,869 patients with CML were included for the incidence rate calculations. In 1740 reported cases, CML was not the first primary cancer, 188 cases were diagnosed by autopsy or reported by death certificate, and 52 cases were without active follow-up, leaving 11,888 cases for the survival analysis. Patients were grouped into 3 calendar periods according to year of diagnosis: 1975–1989, 1990–2000, and 2001–2009, representing the three main eras in the history for CML therapy: the era of cytotoxic therapy (busulfan and hydroxyurea), the era of interferon-alfa and allo-SCT; and the TKIs era. Patients were grouped into six age groups. Age-adjusted incidence rate was expressed per 100,000 persons per year. We analyzed relative survival (RS) using the Kaplan-Meier method. Results: Among 13,869 patients with CML, 7941 were male (57%) with a median age at diagnosis of 66 years (range, 0 to 108 years); 85 % of patients were Caucasians. The incidence of CML was 1.75 cases/100,000 persons per-year, and was essentially stable during the study periods. The incidence increased with age from a rate of 0.09/100,000 among those ≤15 years old to 7.88/100,000 among those ≥75 years old with a relative risk of 85. The male to female ratio was 1.7. There were ethnic and geographic differences in the incidence on CML. The incidence was lowest among American Indian/Alaska Native and Asians/Pacific populations and was highest in Detroit (P<0.05). Overall, 1-year, 5-year and 10-year RS after diagnosis was 0.74, 0.36 and 0.21, respectively. There were no significant differences in RS between male and female, and Caucasian and African-American patients, but the 10-year RS ratios were considerably higher among Asians compared to Caucasian and African-American patients (P<0.05). The cumulative RS for all patients with CML under study improved significantly with each study period, with the greatest improvement among patients diagnosed during the 2001–2009 period. The 5-year RS ratios were 0.26 for the calendar period 1975–1989, 0.36 for the calendar period 1990–2000, and 0.56 for the calendar period 2001–2009. The cumulative RS were significantly higher in the 2005–2009 calendar period compared with the 2001–2004 calendar period corresponding to the introduction of second generation of TKIs. As expected, age was a strong predictor of survival through all 3 calendar periods. The 5-year and 10-year RS ratios decreased rapidly for patients age greater than 64 years old. Patients diagnosed in 2001–2009 had the highest RS among all age groups. Of note, the1-year and 5-year RS ratios in all calendar periods were highest in AYA. In the last two calendar periods under study, the 5-year RS ratios improved significantly for all groups (P<.05) except for the group aged <15 years (P>.05). The increases were: from 0.56 to 0.70 for patients aged <15 years, from 0.56 to 0.86 for patients aged 15–29 years, from 0.53 to 0.84 for patients aged 30–49 years, from 0.45 to 0.70 for patients aged 50–64 years, from 0.29 to 0.47 for patients aged 65–74 years and 0.16 to 0.25 for patients aged ≥ 75 years. 1-year and 10-year RS ratios showed similar trends. Conclusions: The incidence of CML was stable over time; there are ethnic and geographic variations in the incidence of CML. The RS of patients with CML increased with each treatment eras, with the greatest improvement occurring in 2001–2009 for all age groups, presumably because of increasing use of TKIs. Future research should focus on methods to identify and to eliminate residual dormant CML stem cells that cure relapse, so we can achieve the ultimate goal of cure in CML. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Monroy, Fernando P., Heidi E. Brown, Claudia M. Acevedo-Solis, Andres Rodriguez-Galaviz, Rishi Dholakia, Laura Pauli, and Robin B. Harris. "Antibiotic Resistance Rates for Helicobacter pylori in Rural Arizona: A Molecular-Based Study." Microorganisms 11, no. 9 (September 12, 2023): 2290. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11092290.
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Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a common bacterial infection linked to gastric malignancies. While H. pylori infection and gastric cancer rates are decreasing, antibiotic resistance varies greatly by community. Little is known about resistance rates among rural Indigenous populations in the United States. From 2018 to 2021, 396 endoscopy patients were recruited from a Northern Arizona clinic, where community H. pylori prevalence is near 60%. Gastric biopsy samples positive for H. pylori (n = 67) were sequenced for clarithromycin- and metronidazole-associated mutations, 23S ribosomal RNA (23S), and oxygen-insensitive NADPH nitroreductase (rdxA) regions. Medical record data were extracted for endoscopic findings and prior H. pylori history. Data analysis was restricted to individuals with no history of H. pylori infection. Of 49 individuals, representing 64 samples which amplified in the 23S region, a clarithromycin-associated mutation was present in 38.8%, with T2182C being the most common mutation at 90%. While the prevalence of metronidazole-resistance-associated mutations was higher at 93.9%, the mutations were more variable, with D95N being the most common followed by L62V. No statistically significant sex differences were observed for either antibiotic. Given the risk of treatment failure with antibiotic resistance, there is a need to consider resistance profile during treatment selection. The resistance rates in this population of American Indian patients undergoing endoscopy are similar to other high-risk populations. This is concerning given the high H. pylori prevalence and low rates of resistance testing in clinical settings. The mutations reported are associated with antibiotic resistance, but clinical resistance must be confirmed.
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Chumburidze, Tea. "Native Americans in the United States Civil War." Journal in Humanities 4, no. 1 (September 28, 2015): 15–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.31578/hum.v4i1.292.
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Native Americans played a vital role in the history of the United States of America. During the upheaval of the Civil War (1861-1865), many American Indians expressed their commitment to the Union or Confederacy. They assembled armies and participated in battles. Their alliance was important for both sides of the war (the Union and the Confederacy) as they recognized that American Indians’ involvement in this conflict could influence the outcome of the bloody conflict. At the same time, Native Americans were affected by the Civil War, because during this period they faced division among their tribes, and after the war they struggled to exist without slavery and to cope with broken treaties and territorial growth despite promises by the United States government. This article examines the role of American Indians during the Civil War and their condition after the war. The research explains how slavery affected the American Indians’ commitment and how their decision shaped the American experience in the Civil War.
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Abler, Thomas S., and Roger L. Nichols. "Indians in the United States and Canada: A Comparative History." Journal of American History 86, no. 3 (December 1999): 1328. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2568635.
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Higham, C. L., and Roger L. Nichols. "Indians in the United States and Canada: A Comparative History." Michigan Historical Review 25, no. 1 (1999): 157. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/20173814.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Indians, treatment of – united states – history"
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Brudvig, Jon Larsen. "Bridging the cultural divide: American Indians at Hampton Institute, 1878-1923." W&M ScholarWorks, 1996. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1593092093.
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Levy, Philip A. "Fellow travelers: Indians and Europeans together on the early American trail." W&M ScholarWorks, 2001. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539623383.
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The European exploration of America has traditionally conjured up images of Europeans intrepidly scanning horizons, meticulously detailing maps, and graciously offering curious natives access to God and goods. More than two decades of anthropological, historical, and ethnohistorical scholarship have tempered this heroic image and shown in great detail the complex and often contradictory role Indians played in this grand drama. Consequently, one can no longer picture colonial-era European explorers or travelers without also envisioning their Indian companions, both men and women, guiding the way, carrying the baggage, gathering the food, and providing needed information. This dissertation examines the character of the personal relationships that Indians and Europeans formed together while on North American expeditions of conquest, trade, and Christianizing between 1520 and 1800.;Travel entailed confrontations with the elements that could literally wipe out a party that made a wrong turn, ignored or misread the weather, or misjudged the current of a given rapid. Furthermore, poor provision planning or diplomatic bungling could also bring the grandest plans to grand disaster. But while battling the elements, Indian and European travel partners often battled each other. They played a subtle game of tug-of-war for control over the course, pace, and timing of travel. They fumed and connived over whose leadership, strategies, and values should hold sway. They wrestled over whose deities should be honored, and they derided each other's individual and collective abilities when one failed to live up to the other's visions of the ideal traveler. Tensions ranged from the subtlest forms of petty one-upmanship to physical coercion, and even occasional fisticuffs. It was the trail's defining conditions, its dangers, unfamiliarity, and isolation from comfortable and reassuring trappings of social prestige that exacerbated these tensions. The resulting contests reveal how different cultural meanings could swirl around trips and travel events often seen by historians as relatively straightforward moments in Europe's colonial expansion. They also demonstrate how individuals of different backgrounds constructed themselves and their fellow travelers while on the trail.
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Brent, Suzanne S. (Suzanne Stokes). "The History of Alcoholism Treatment in the United States." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1996. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc277997/.
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The treatment of alcoholism has had a unique historical development in the United States. This study provides a chronology of how the problem of alcoholism was defined and handled during various time periods in United States history. The process that evolved resulted in an abstinence based, comprehensive, multidisciplinary approach to the treatment of alcoholism as a primary disease based on the principles of Alcoholics Anonymous. This treatment modality, that developed outside of established medicine, is currently used by the majority of treatment providers.
Seven individuals who have been actively involved in alcoholism treatment were interviewed. In addition to archival research, biographies and autobiographies were examined to gain a broad perspective. Because alcoholism is both a collective and an individual problem an effort was made to include a microsociological frame of reference within a broad sociological view.
Alcoholism, or inebriety, was first perceived as a legal and moral problem. By the end of the 19th century, inebriety was recognized as an illness differing from mental illness, and separate asylums were established for its treatment. Alcoholism is currently accepted and treated as a primary disease by the majority of social institutions, but the legal and moral implications remain.
National Prohibition in the early part of the 20th century targeted alcohol instead of the alcoholic delaying any progress toward treatment which was made in the 19th century. The advent of Alcoholics Anonymous brought the first widely accepted hope for alcoholics. The treatment process that developed utilized the principles of Alcoholics Anonymous in a setting of shared recovery which has been difficult to quantify. In 1970 the allocation of federal funds for treatment and research brought the involvement of new disciplines creating both conflicts and possibilities. Alcoholism recovery has elucidated the connection of mind, body, and spirit.
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Harvey, Sean Patrick. "American languages: Indians, ethnology, and the empire for liberty." W&M ScholarWorks, 2009. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539623548.
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"American Languages: Indians, Ethnology, and the Empire for Liberty" is a study of knowledge and power, as it relates to Indian affairs, in the early republic. It details the interactions, exchanges, and networks through which linguistic and racial ideas were produced and it examines the effect of those ideas on Indian administration. First etymology, then philology, guided the study of human descent, migrations, and physical and mental traits, then called ethnology. It would answer questions of Indian origins and the possibility of Indian incorporation into the United States. It was crucial to white Americans seeking to define their polity and prove their cultivation by contributing to the republic of letters.;The study of Indian languages was both part of the ongoing ideological construction of the "empire for liberty" and it could serve practical ends for the extension and consolidation of imperial relations with the native groups within and on the borders of the United States. Administrators of Indian affairs simultaneously asserted continental mastery and implicitly admitted that it was yet incomplete. Language could be used to illustrate Indian "civilization" and Indian "savagery," the openness of the U.S. nation and its exclusivity, Indian affinities to "Anglo-Saxons" and their utter difference. Language was a race science frequently opposed to understandings of race defined through the body alone.;The War Department repeatedly sought linguistic information that it could use as the basis of policy, but philology was not a discourse of scientific control imposed upon helpless Indians. On the contrary, Indians lay at the heart of almost all that was known of Indian languages. This was especially true once European scientific interest shifted from the study isolated words to grammatical forms, which happened to coincide with debates over Indian removal in the United States. This meant that Indians were in an unprecedented position to shape the most authoritative scientific knowledge of "the Indian" at the moment that U.S. Indian policy was most uncertain. Native tutoring, often mediated through white missionaries, led Peter S. Du Ponceau to refute the notion, shared alike by apologists for removal (e.g. Lewis Cass) and European philosophers (e.g. Wilhelm von Humboldt) that the American languages indicated Indian "savagery.";Yet in attempting to prove that Native American languages were not "savage," Du Ponceau defined Indian grammatical forms as unchanging "plans of ideas" that all Indians, and only Indians, possessed. Henry R. Schoolcraft, Indian agent, protege of Cass, and husband to the Ojibwa-Irish Jane Johnston, extended this line of thought and defined a rigid "Indian mind" that refused "civilization." Such conclusions suggested that Indians possessed fixed mental traits. This conclusion largely agreed with those that ethnologists of the "American school" would advance years later, but those scientists argued that language could offer no information on physical race. The rapid (but brief) rise of the American school undermined the ethnological authority of the philological knowledge that Indians, such as David Brown (Cherokee) and Eleazer Williams (Mohawk) had produced in the preceding decades.;After decades of debate over Indian "plans of ideas," "patterns of thought," and whether Indian languages were a suitable medium for teaching the concepts of Christianity and republican government---debates intensified by the invention of the Cherokee alphabet and the understanding that Sequoyah, its author, intended it to insulate Cherokee society from white interference---the federal government began moving toward a policy of English-only instruction. Even after the strident opposition of the American school, language remained a key marker of civilization and nationhood.
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Ingram, Daniel Patrick. "In the pale's shadow: Indians and British forts in eighteenth-century America." W&M ScholarWorks, 2008. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539623527.
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British forts in the colonial American backcountry have long been subjects of American heroic myth. Forts were romanticized as harbingers of European civilization, and the Indians who visited them as awestruck, childlike, or scheming. Two centuries of historiography did little to challenge the image of Indians as noble but peripheral figures who were swept aside by the juggernaut of European expansion. In the last few decades, historians have attacked the persistent notion that Indians were supporting participants and sought to reposition them as full agents in the early American story. But in their search for Indian agency, historians have given little attention to British forts as exceptional contact points in their own rights. This dissertation examines five such forts and their surrounding regions as places defined by cultural accommodation and confluence, rather than as outposts of European empire. Studying Indian-British interactions near such forts reveals the remarkable extent to which Indians defined the fort experience for both natives and newcomers. Indians visited forts as friends, enemies, and neutrals. They were nearly always present at or near backcountry forts. In many cases, Indians requested forts from their British allies for their own purposes. They used British forts as trading outposts, news centers, community hubs, diplomatic meeting places, and suppliers of gifts. But even with the advantages that could sometimes accrue from the presence of forts, many Indians still resented them. Forts could attract settlers, and often failed to regulate trade and traders sufficiently to please native consumers. Indians did not hesitate to press fort personnel for favors and advantages. In cases where British officers and soldiers failed to impress Indians, or angered them, the results were sometimes violent and extreme. This study makes a start at seeing forts as places that were at least as much a part of the Native American landscape as they were outposts of European aggression. at Forts Loudoun, Allen, Michilimackinac, Niagara, and Chartres, Indians used their abilities and influence to turn the objectives of the British fort system upside down. as centers of British-Indian cultural confluence, these forts evoke an early America marked by a surprising degree of Indian agency. at these contact points people lived for the moment. The America of the future, marked by Indian dispossession and British-American social dominance, was an outcome few could imagine.
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Silver, Timothy Howard. "A new face on the countryside: Indians and colonists in the Southeastern forest (ecology, environment, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina)." W&M ScholarWorks, 1985. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539623759.
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Using ecological literature and an ethnohistorical approach, this dissertation examines the nature and extent of environmental change resulting from European colonization in Virginia, the Carolinas, and Georgia.;European explorers in the Southeast saw mixed hardwood forests, pinelands, savannahs, marshlands, and inland swamps. These diverse habitats were home to an infinite variety of wildlife, including whitetailed deer, black bears, wild turkeys, buffalo, elk, and beaver. The landscape had been shaped by long-term ecological change and by varying patterns of topography, rainfall, and fire.;The environment had also been altered by Indians. Southeastern Indians were neither despoilers nor conservators of nature. Seeking subsistence and survival, they fished, farmed, hunted, and periodically burned the woods, all of which affected the various ecosystems.;Early contact between natives and Europeans introduced Old World diseases into the Southeast which killed Indians by the thousands. With their culture torn apart by depopulation, the natives ensured their survival by finding a place within the European system. Indians willingly supplied colonists with animal skins, meat, and medicinal plants, a systematic trade which led to the extinction of buffalo and elk and nearly wiped out beaver, deer, and ginseng.;Agricultural clearing by colonists reshaped local climates. Selective cutting of white and live oak, white cedar, and baldcypress made those trees scarce in settled regions. Naval stores production reduced sizeable tracts of pinelands to patches of scrubby hardwoods.;Commercial agriculture exhausted and eroded soils. Domestic animals destroyed native grasses and woody plants. European grasses and weeds, carried by transplanted livestock, replaced indigenous species. Agriculture and ranching simplified existing relationships between plants and animals, creating an ecologically unstable "new South.".;Attributing such changes solely to European capitalism is an oversimplification. Since his arrival in North America, man has been alienated from nature. The innovations of a capitalist economy triggered complex cultural interaction between Indians, colonists, slaves, and the land itself, a dialectic which pushed all three groups toward exploitation of the environment.
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Masur, Laura Elizabeth. "Virginia Indians, NAGPRA, and Cultural Affiliation: Revisiting Identities and Boundaries in the Chesapeake." W&M ScholarWorks, 2013. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539626712.
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Preston, David L. "The texture of contact: Indians and settlers in the Pennsylvania backcountry, 1718-1755." W&M ScholarWorks, 1997. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539626135.
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Galgano, Robert C. "Feast of souls: Indians and Spaniards in the seventeenth-century missions of Florida and New Mexico." W&M ScholarWorks, 2003. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539623416.
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During the seventeenth century, Spanish conquerors established Franciscan missions among the native inhabitants of Florida and New Mexico. The missionaries in the northern frontier doctrinas of Spain's New World empire adapted methods tested in Iberia and Central and South America to conditions among the Guales, Timucuas, Apalaches, and the various Pueblo peoples. The mission Indians of Florida and New Mexico responded to conquest and conversion in myriad ways. They incorporated Spaniards in traditional ways, they attempted to repel the interlopers, they joined the newcomers and accepted novel modes of behavior, they discriminated between which foreign concepts to adopt and which to reject, and they avoided entangling relations with the Spaniards as best they could. By the end of the seventeenth century the frontier missions of Florida and New Mexico collapsed under the weight of violent struggles among Indians, Spanish officials, Franciscan missionaries, and outside invaders. This comparative study will reveal patterns in Spanish frontier colonization and Indian responses to Spanish conquest and missions.
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McDaid, Jennifer D. ""Into a Strange Land": Women Captives among the Indians." W&M ScholarWorks, 1990. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539625624.
Full textBooks on the topic "Indians, treatment of – united states – history"
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1944-, Hoffer Peter Charles, ed. Indians and Europeans: Selected articles on Indian-white relations in colonial North America. New York: Garland, 1988.
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James, Howe. A people who would not kneel: Panama, the United States, and the San Blas Kuna. Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1998.
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Hogan, Lawrence J. The Osage Indian murders: The true story of a multiple murder plot to acquire the estates of wealthy Osage Tribe members. Frederick, MD: Amlex, 1998.
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Lewis, Jerry W. Kill the Indian, but save the man. [U.S.]: J.W. Lewis, 1995.
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Mojave River Valley Museum Association., ed. Gone the way of the earth: Indian slave trade in the Old Southwest. 3rd ed. Barstow, Calif: Mojave River Valley Museum Association, 2009.
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Ekberg, Carl J. Stealing Indian women: Native slavery in the Illinois Country. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 2007.
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Ekberg, Carl J. Stealing Indian women: Native slavery in the Illinois Country. Urbana, IL: University of Illinois Press, 2008.
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López, Antonio Espino. La conquista de América: Una revisión crítica. Barcelona: RBA, 2013.
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Ebright, Malcolm. The witches of Abiquiu: The governor, the priest, the Genízaro Indians, and the Devil. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 2006.
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Hillstrom, Kevin. American Indian removal and the trail to Wounded Knee. Detroit: Omnigraphics, Inc., 2011.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Indians, treatment of – united states – history"
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Ertz, Dewey J. "Treatment of United States American Indians." In Sourcebook of Treatment Programs for Sexual Offenders, 417–30. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-1916-8_28.
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Silver, John Russell. "United States." In History of the Treatment of Spinal Injuries, 99–133. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-8991-8_5.
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Townsend, Kenneth W. "Western Indians and the United States, 1800–1850." In First Americans: A History of Native Peoples, 284–327. 3rd ed. New York: Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003331582-8.
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Enneking, William F. "History of Orthopedic Oncology in the United States." In Cancer Treatment and Research, 529–71. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-0284-9_32.
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Marshall, Liam E., and Rebecca Fisico. "A History of Psychological Treatment in the Criminal Justice System." In Handbook of Issues in Criminal Justice Reform in the United States, 421–41. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-77565-0_21.
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Maruti, Sanchit, and Steven A. Adelman. "History of Alcohol and Opioid Use and Treatment in the United States." In Lifestyle Medicine, 1051–55. Third edition. | Boca Raton : Taylor & Francis, 2019.: CRC Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315201108-90.
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Maruti, Sanchit, and Steven A. Adelman. "History of Alcohol and Opioid Use and Treatment in the United States." In Lifestyle Medicine, Fourth Edition, 1094–98. 4th ed. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003227793-113.
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Campbell, Nancy D., and Elizabeth Ettorre. "Getting Gender on the Agenda: A History of Pioneers in Drug Treatment for Women in the United States and the United Kingdom." In Gendering Addiction, 29–51. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230314245_2.
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Minow, Martha. "Reverberations for American Indians, Native Hawai’ians, and Group Rights." In In Brown's Wake. Oxford University Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195171525.003.0008.
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Usually left out of discussions of school desegregation, the historic treatments of American Indians and Native Hawai’ians in the development of schooling in the United States was a corollary of conquest and colonialism. As late as the 1950s, forced assimilation and eradication of indigenous cultures pervaded what was considered the “education” of students in these groups. The social, political, and legal civil rights initiatives surrounding Brown helped to inspire a rights consciousness among Indian and Native Hawai’ian reformers and activists, who embraced the ideal of equal opportunity while reclaiming cultural traditions. Between the 1960s and 2007, complex fights over ethnic classification, separation, integration, and self-determination emerged for both American Indians and Native Hawai’ians. Their struggles, crucial in themselves, also bring to the fore a challenging underlying problem: are distinct individuals or groups the proper unit of analysis and protection in the pursuit of equality? The centrality of the individual to law and culture in the United States tends to mute this question. Yet in this country as well as elsewhere, equal treatment or equal opportunity has two faces: promoting individual development and liberty, regardless of race, culture, religion, gender, or other group-based characteristic, and protection for groups that afford their members meaning and identity. Nowhere is the tension between these two alternatives more apparent than in schooling, which involves socialization of each new generation in the values and expectations of their elders. Will that socialization direct each individual to a common world focused on the academic and social mobility of distinct individuals or will it inculcate traditions and values associated with particular groups? Even in the United States, devoted to inclusive individualism, the Supreme Court rejected a statute requiring students to attend schools run by the government and created exemptions from compulsory school fines when they burdened a group’s practices and hopes for their children. In Pierce v. Society of Sisters, the Court respected the rights of parents to select private schooling in order to inculcate a religious identity or other “additional obligations.”
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"Paleo–Indians, Europeans, and the Settlement of America." In A Population History of the United States, 10–36. Cambridge University Press, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511616631.002.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Indians, treatment of – united states – history"
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Allen, Robert, and T. B. Lauriat. "Gas Turbine Powered Blue Riband Winner." In ASME 1990 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/90-gt-321.
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The high speed yacht “Gentry Eagle” has set a new record for Atlantic Ocean crossing plus two other speed records. The British built, United States owner 110 ft. craft is powered by two diesels and a centerline 4,000 hp marine gas turbine. The paper will describe all the power plants and the propulsion system for each. Gas turbine mounting, control, inlet and exhaust treatment, and operating scenario will be covered. Craft details will be included. History of the vessel including performance and speed run details will be noted.
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Nejad, Amir M., Stanislav Sheludko, Robert F. Shelley, Trey Hodgson, and Riley McFall. "A Case History: Evaluating Well Completions in the Eagle Ford Shale Using a Data-Driven Approach." In SPE Hydraulic Fracturing Technology Conference. SPE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/spe-173336-ms.
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AbstractUnconventional shale resources are key hydrocarbon sources, gaining importance and popularity as hydrocarbon reservoirs both in the United States and internationally. Horizontal wellbores and multiple transverse hydraulic fracturing are instrumental factors for economical production from shale assets. Hydraulic fracturing typically represents a major component of total well completion costs, and many efforts have been made to study and investigate different strategies to improve well production and reduce costs. The focus of this paper is completion effectiveness evaluation in different parts of the Eagle Ford Shale Formation, and our objective is to identify appropriate completion strategies in the field.A data-driven neural network model is trained on the database comprised of multiple operators' well data. In this model, drilling and mud data are used as indicators for geology and reservoir-related parameters such as pressure, fluid saturation and permeability. Additionally, completion- and fracture-related parameters are also used as model inputs. Because wells are pressure managed differently, normalized oil and gas production is used as a model output. Thousands of neural networks are trained using genetic algorithm in order to fully evaluate hidden correlations within the database. This results in selection of a neural network that is able to understand reservoir, completion and frac differences between wells and identify how to improve future completion/stimulation designs.The final neural network model is successfully developed and tested on two separate data sets located in different parts of the Eagle Ford Shale oil window. Further, an additional test data set comprised of eight wells from a third field location is used to validate the predictive usefulness of the data-driven model. Under-producing wells were also identified by the model and new fracture designs were recommended to improve well productivity.This paper will be useful for understanding the effects of completion and fracture treatment designs on well productivity in the Eagle Ford. This information will help operators select more effective treatment designs, which can reduce operational costs associated with completion/fracturing and can improve oil and gas production.
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Williams, Glenn N., Peter J. Barrance, Lynn Snyder-Mackler, and Thomas S. Buchanan. "Quadriceps Control: A Key Factor in Coping With Anterior Cruciate Ligament Deficiency." In ASME 2003 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2003-43035.
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Approximately 250,000 anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries occur in the United States each year. Most people cannot return to sports after an ACL injury without surgical intervention (Non-copers), but some can (Copers). Recent research suggests that the ability to cope with ACL injury is most likely related to neuromuscular function. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the neuromuscular control strategies of ACL deficient (ACL-D) Non-copers, ACL-D Copers, and people with uninjured knees using an established target-matching protocol, electromyography (EMG) of 10 muscles acting at the knee, and circular statistics methods. Thirty-two people (12 Non-Copers, 8 Copers, and 12 people without a history of knee injury) volunteered to participate in the study. The ACL-D subjects demonstrated diminished neuromuscular control when their muscle activity patterns were compared to those of the uninjured subjects. The key difference between the Copers and Non-copers was that Copers demonstrated better quadriceps control than the Non-copers. This study may have important implications for the treatment of people who sustain ACL injuries.
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G. Giorges, Aklilu, Comas Haynes, Vinh Dong, and Sean Thomas. "The Difference Between Still and Rotational Motion of Complex Shape Chicken Carcasses." In ASME 2022 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2022-95171.
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Abstract In the food processing industry, particularly where naturally formed products are processed, complex shapes are frequently encountered. For example, in poultry processing, the shape of the products (chicken carcasses) is always a challenge. During processing, carcasses are transported, heated, cooled, washed, and cut. The thermal treatment of food requires the cooling and heating process be designed to meet certain conditions. This is despite the fact that products with heterogeneous properties and various sizes, shapes, and thicknesses are processed at the same time. Thus, the transport and thermal process cannot simply be predicted from previous work for well-defined shapes and sizes. Although more work is needed to understand the contribution of all the factors involved in processing, the current work focuses on the heat transfer and the complex geometry effect. The chilling process is a vital component of poultry production for both quality and safety. In order to prevent bacterial growth, the carcass core temperature needs to be cooled from 37–40 °C to 4 °C. Different poultry chilling systems exist within the industry to accomplish this task. Auger chilling is the most common method used in the United States, which is a process in which poultry carcasses are chilled by water immersion in a large tank with an auger. This has been the traditional method due to its efficiency in space along with its ease of implementation. Although auger chilling has been the traditional chilling method, in-line water chilling systems can be an alternative. In-line water immersion chilling creates a condition where a continuous line of carcasses hangs on shackles throughout the process. Potential benefits include enhancements in food safety, worker safety, economic, and processing labor requirements. Despite these benefits, inline chillers require a much larger spatial footprint due to the required dwell time. The objective of the current work is to improve a method of cooling by introducing relative motion between the carcass and the cooling medium (rotational kinematic component). Faster cooling reduces the dwell time of carcasses in the chiller, eventually reducing the footprint required which is the major drawback of in-line chillers. This experimental work will attempt to establish the difference and significance of two cooling conditions: 1. Cooling of complex shapes (chicken carcasses) in a still bath, and 2. Cooling of chicken carcasses under rotating motion. The experiment is designed to suspend chicken carcasses on shackles in a cooled ice water bath. The ice water is used to keep the temperature at a constant 0 °C. The built ice bath container mimics a typical processing line where chicken carcasses are suspended 30.5 cm apart. The container is 32.0 cm in diameter and 43.2 cm in depth and has a capacity to hold 34.7 liters of fluid. Two similar mass chicken carcasses are suspended by their legs and dipped into ice water, and the thickest part (breast) temperature is tracked. In fact, most food cooling processes are designed based on the worst-case scenario where the largest size is used to determine the thermal process requirement. In this case, the cooling process is evaluated by following the temperature history of the thickest part of the product, so cooling it guarantees that all the other parts are in cooled conditions. In this work, the experimental cooling rate of the suspended chicken carcasses for both cooling methods will be presented. Furthermore, this work will present models that can be used to predict the cooling process for both conditions.
Reports on the topic "Indians, treatment of – united states – history"
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Lehe, Lewis, Sairpaneeth Devunuri, Javier Rondan, and Ayush Pandey. Taxation of Ride-hailing. Illinois Center for Transportation, December 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36501/0197-9191/21-040.
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This report is a guide to the practice of taxing ride-hailing at the state and local levels in the United States. The information is based on a survey of legislation, news articles, journal articles, revenue data, and interviews. We first review the literature and provide a history of ride-hailing and the practice of ride-hailing. We then profile all ride-hailing taxes in the United States, classifying these taxes according to common attributes and pointing out what details of legislation or history distinguishes each tax. One important distinction is between ad valorem taxes, levied as a percentage of fare or revenues, and “per-ride” taxes levied as a flat charge per ride. Another distinction is the differential treatment of shared and single rides. We provide extensive references to laws and ordinances as well as propose a system to classify the state legal environments under which ride-hailing is taxed. States fall into five regimes: (1) a “hands-off” regime wherein local governments are permitted wide leeway; (2) a “tax-free” regime wherein local taxes are prohibited and the state does not impose a tax; (3) a “state-tax-only” regime wherein local taxes are prohibited but the state levies taxes for its own use; (4) a “revenue-sharing” regime wherein the state levies taxes and distributes them to local governments; and (5) a “local-option” regime wherein local governments can opt into participating in a tax system regulated by the state. We make nine recommendations for Illinois policymakers considering taxes on ride-hailing, with the most important being that the state pass legislation clarifying and regulating the rights of local governments to levy such taxes.
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Lamina, Toyin, Hamdi I. Abdi, Kathryn Behrens, Kathleen Call, Amy M. Claussen, Janette Dill, Stuart W. Grande, et al. Strategies To Address Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health and Healthcare: An Evidence Map. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), March 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.23970/ahrqepctb46.
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Background. Racial and ethnic disparities in health and healthcare continue to endure in the United States despite efforts in research, practice, and policy. Interventions targeted at patients, clinicians, and/or health systems may offer ways to address disparities and improve health outcomes in prevention/treatment of chronic conditions in adults. Purpose. This evidence map identifies existing interventions to be considered for implementation by healthcare system leaders and policymakers, and to inform researchers and funding agencies on gaps in knowledge and research needs. Methods. We searched MEDLINE, CINAHL, and Scopus from January 2017 through April 2023 for U.S.-based studies from the peer-reviewed published literature. We incorporated supplementary information from systematic reviews. We supplemented this with the gray literature, when available, from pertinent organizations, foundations, and institutes. We held discussions with Key Informants who represented stakeholders in healthcare disparities. Findings. A vast and varied literature addresses healthcare system interventions to reduce racial and ethnic health and healthcare disparities. We identified 163 unique studies from 174 reports, and 12 intervention types not mutually exclusive in their descriptions. The most studied intervention type was self-management support, followed by prevention/lifestyle support, then patient navigation, care coordination, and system level quality improvement (QI). Most of the interventions specifically targeted patient behaviors. Few studies (5) used a comparator, which made it difficult to determine whether disparities between groups were reduced or eliminated. Most of the studies (45%) included multiple race/ethnic groups (i.e., enrolled participants from more than one racially/ethnically minoritized group or enrolled racially minoritized people and non-minoritized groups). We found few studies that exclusively enrolled Asians (6%) and American Indians/Alaska Natives (1%). Cancer was the most studied chronic condition. Randomized controlled trials were common; but less rigorous study designs were often used for system level quality improvement (QI) and collaborative care model interventions. Few studies reported patient experience as primary outcomes. Studies did not report on harms or adverse events and nor did they report on factors necessary for determining applicability or sustainability of the interventions. A number of studies reported on cultural adaptation or community involvement (either partnership or collaboration). Future studies should seek to standardize the terms in which they describe interventions and aim to specifically address whether disparities between groups are reduced or eliminated. Nonetheless, this evidence map provides a resource for health systems to identify intervention approaches that have been examined elsewhere and that might be imported or adapted to new situations and environments.