Academic literature on the topic 'Increased exploitation life'
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Journal articles on the topic "Increased exploitation life"
1
Skees, Stephanie. "A Scoping Review of Financial Elder Exploitation Interventions." Innovation in Aging 5, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2021): 322. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igab046.1254.
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Abstract Elder financial exploitation (EFE), defined by the National Center for Elder Abuse (2021) as “the misappropriation of an older person’s money or property,” is a continuing public health crisis shown to cost individuals at least $2.9 billion a year (MetLife Mature Market Institute, 2011). Many believe this impact will increase exponentially due to the effects of COVID-19. In fact, a recent study conducted by Chang & Levy (2021) found that the prevalence of elder abuse as a whole increased from 1 in 10 older adults to 1 in 5 in the past year. Although increased collaboration between state attorneys general, Adult Protective Services, and financial institutions has driven progress in the field; there is still little known regarding EFE interventions. To address this issue, this study conducts a scoping review of the EFE intervention literature. This approach was chosen over a systematic review primarily due to the lack of a universal definition of EFE, as well as the limited number of studies available delineating between EFE and elder abuse as a whole. The main findings of the review reveal that current EFE intervention practices are focused on preventing abuse before it occurs by addressing risk factors for abuse in older adults; and are largely reliant on Adult Protective Services and the legal system. This finding is significant because state policies differ in their qualifications of EFE, thus leaving many older adults vulnerable and unprotected. Further interventions that address EFE while it is occurring and alignment across governing bodies are needed.
2
Evans, S. M., F. J. C. Fletcher, P. J. Loader, and F. G. Rooksby. "Habitat exploitation by landbirds in the changing Western Samoan environment." Bird Conservation International 2, no. 2 (June 1992): 123–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0959270900002355.
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SummaryThe avifauna of Western Samoa is dominated by indigenous species, including several endemic ones. They are primarily birds of the rainforest and, since the islands have already suffered severe loss of this habitat and there is likely to be increased pressure on it in the future, their long-term prospects are not good. At present, introduced, non-native birds are not a threat to indigenous species, being confined largely to urban habitats, and there is little interaction with forest species. Several indigenous species exploit manmodified habitats, however, and it is possible that, as has occurred elsewhere, some of them may adapt fully to urban life.
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Silva, Marisa, Paula Seijas, and Paz Otero. "Exploitation of Marine Molecules to Manage Alzheimer’s Disease." Marine Drugs 19, no. 7 (June 28, 2021): 373. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/md19070373.
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Neurodegenerative diseases are sociosanitary challenges of today, as a result of increased average life expectancy, with Alzheimer’s disease being one of the most prevalent. This pathology is characterized by brain impairment linked to a neurodegenerative process culminating in cognitive decline and behavioral disorders. Though the etiology of this pathology is still unknown, it is usually associated with the appearance of senile plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. The most used prophylaxis relies on anticholinesterase drugs and NMDA receptor antagonists, whose main action is to relieve symptoms and not to treat or prevent the disease. Currently, the scientific community is gathering efforts to disclose new natural compounds effective against Alzheimer’s disease and other neurodegenerative pathologies. Marine natural products have been shown to be promising candidates, and some have been proven to exert a high neuroprotection effect, constituting a large reservoir of potential drugs and nutraceutical agents. The present article attempts to describe the processes of extraction and isolation of bioactive compounds derived from sponges, algae, marine bacteria, invertebrates, crustaceans, and tunicates as drug candidates against AD, with a focus on the success of pharmacological activity in the process of finding new and effective drug compounds.
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Minsker, Karl, Gennady Zaikov, and Marina Artsis. "Achievements and research tasks for polyvinylchloride ageing and stabilization." Chemistry & Chemical Technology 2, no. 3 (September 15, 2008): 199–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/chcht02.03.199.
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Perspectives of polyvinylchloride (PVC) production without labile groups in a backbone have been considered. It has been shown that such production provides drastic increase of an intrinsic stability of polymeric products, possibility of PVC processing with the minimum amounts or in total absence of stabilizers and other chemicals-additives and the opportunity of creation materials and products on a PVC basis with the essentially increased life time. Data allowing to create rigid, semi-rigid and flexible (plasticized) materials and products with the minimum amounts of chemicals-additives and prolonged life time of their service at exploitation under natural and special conditions are presented.
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Robinson, Orin J., Olaf P. Jensen, Mikaela M. Provost, Shuochen Huang, Nina H. Fefferman, Amira Kebir, and Julie L. Lockwood. "Evaluating the impacts of fishing on sex-changing fish: a game-theoretic approach." ICES Journal of Marine Science 74, no. 3 (December 14, 2016): 652–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsw222.
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Abstract Sex change has been widely documented in many commercially and recreationally important fish species, yet the implications of this life history trait are not considered in most stock assessments. This omission can lead to poor estimates of parameters vital to understanding the health of sequentially hermaphroditic stocks. Here, we present a game theoretic approach to model the sex changing behaviour of a stock of protogynous (female first) hermaphroditic fish and produce estimates of maximum sustainable yield (MSY), equilibrium biomass at MSY (BMSY) and sex ratio, then compare these reference points to those from an otherwise identical gonochoristic (non-sex changing) stock. We tested each stock at varying levels of exploitation and with a range of assumptions about how sex ratio impacts fertilization rate. We show that a protogynous hermaphroditic stock with flexible timing of sex change produces similar MSY and slightly higher BMSY than a gonochoristic stock with otherwise identical vital rates. Sex changing stocks were also able to maintain a higher proportion of males in the population than did non-sex changing stocks as exploitation increased. Although sex changing stocks were able to maintain their sex ratio, the age at which females changed sex decreased with increased exploitation, suggesting smaller body size, and presumably lower fecundity, for females in heavily exploited sex changing stocks. Our game theoretic approach to evaluating hermaphroditic stocks can accommodate a wide variety of sex changing cues and behaviours and allows a flexible model for understanding the effects of exploitation on hermaphroditic stocks.
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Windsland, Kristin. "Total and natural mortality of red king crab (Paralithodes camtschaticus) in Norwegian waters: catch–curve analysis and indirect estimation methods." ICES Journal of Marine Science 72, no. 2 (July 2, 2014): 642–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsu138.
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Abstract The red king crab (Paralithodes camtschaticus) is native to the Bering Sea, but was deliberately introduced to the Barents Sea during the 1960s. Since then, the red king crab has spread to Norwegian waters, and crab densities have increased sufficiently to support a coastal fishery. Information about total and natural mortality, which is important to ensure adequate management, is lacking. Estimates of annual total mortality (Z) were calculated using length-converted catch curves in three periods of different levels of exploitation. Separate analyses were run on trap and trawl data as well as on original and catch per unit effort-corrected data. Natural mortality was estimated using a linear regression of total mortality and exploitation level and by using indirect methods based on life history parameters. There was a significant increase in Z throughout the consecutive periods in both sexes. In males, the increase coincided with the increase in exploitation level. The increase in female mortality, which was not explained by exploitation level, is probably an effect of the increase in male mortality. Natural mortality (M), estimated using indirect methods, averaged 0.23 for both sexes. The estimated M using linear regression was 0.37/0.44, which may be an overestimate.
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Xiang, Miao, Andrew L. Rypel, Fei Cheng, Jiao Qin, Lei Zhang, Yushun Chen, and Songguang Xie. "Shift towards Opportunistic Life-History of Sleeper in Response to Multi-Decadal Overfishing." Water 13, no. 18 (September 18, 2021): 2582. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13182582.
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Understanding long-term changes in life-history traits is central to assessing and managing freshwater fisheries. In this study, we explored how life-history traits have shifted in association with long-term change in population status for a native fish species (freshwater sleeper, Odontobutis sinensis, a by-catch species of shrimp traps) in the middle Yangtze lakes, China. We assessed the life-history traits of the species from Honghu Lake in 2016, where abundance had been dramatically lower following about 60 years of high fishing pressure, and made comparisons to similar data from Liangzi Lake (1957), when fishing intensity was low and abundance was high, and Bao’an Lake (1993–1994), when about 10 years of intense exploitation had occurred and abundance had greatly declined. Modern Honghu Lake sleeper exhibit life-history traits that are substantially more opportunistic compared to both of the historical populations. Modern fish were larger at age-1 and had significantly faster growth rates, a higher prevalence of sexually mature individuals and increased fecundities. Fish from the historical samples were larger and had higher age class diversity and delayed sexual maturation. Combined, the data suggest that faster growth towards early sexual maturation and reduced body sizes are associated with destabilized populations and ecosystems. Similar life-history patterns are common in other declined fish populations under exploitation. Recovering historic fish life-history dynamics requires conservation management policies aimed at reducing harvest and improving floodplain habitats.
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Andersen, Ken H., Lise Marty, and Robert Arlinghaus. "Evolution of boldness and life history in response to selective harvesting." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 75, no. 2 (February 2018): 271–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2016-0350.
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Whether intensive harvesting alters the behavioral repertoire of exploited fishes is currently unknown, but plausible. We extend a fish life-history model to account for boldness as a personality trait that affects foraging intensity, which affects energy intake and risk from predation and fishing gear. We systematically investigate life-history and behavioral trait evolution along the boldness–timidity axis in response to the full range of common selectivity and exploitation patterns in fisheries. In agreement with previous studies, we find that any type of harvesting selects for fast life histories and that merely elevated, yet unselective, fishing mortality favors boldness. We also find that timid-selective fishing (which can be expected in species targeted by active gear types) selects for increased boldness. By contrast, increased timidity is predicted when fishing targets bolder individuals common to passive gears, whether in combination with selection on size or not. Altered behavior caused by intensive harvesting should be commonplace in nature, which can have far-reaching ecological, evolutionary, and managerial impacts. Evolution of timidity is expected to strongly erode catchability, which will negatively affect human well-being and influence the reliability of stock assessments that rely on fishery-dependent data.
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Manzoor, Seema, Dua e. Rehma, Misbah B. Qureshi, and Muhammad Shahid. "Analyzing Level Of Sexual Harassment And Exploitation Of Female Domestic Workers." Pakistan Journal of Gender Studies 13, no. 1 (September 8, 2016): 235–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.46568/pjgs.v13i1.193.
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This study aims to establish the understanding and producing realistic information about the level of sexual harassment and exploitation of female domestic workers. The study has also tried to analyze the issues which affect the life of women working as domestic workers and facing great challenges. In Pakistan number of female domestic workers is growing dut to poverty, lack of education and inflation. By using quantitative research method researcher has analyzed different factors and circumstances which these women are experiencing, different areas of Karachi are chosen as universe of population for this study. Whereas, convenience and purposive sampling techniques of non-probability sampling method are used in order to collect the data by hundred respondents from different areas of Karachi. In Pakistan now more women are connected to labour force due to increased employment opportunities, on the other hand women are doing work outside their homes to gain their economic independence and the rights and social standing like men in the family and society. But they face exploitation, sexual harassment and discrimination.
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Ollus, Natalia. "Forced Flexibility and Exploitation: Experiences of Migrant Workers in the Cleaning Industry." Nordic Journal of Working Life Studies 6, no. 1 (March 25, 2016): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.19154/njwls.v6i1.4908.
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Globalization has resulted in structural changes in the labor markets over the last decades. These changes have weakened some of the economic and social dimensions of work. At the same time, migration and especially labor migration have increased on the global level. This article looks at the situation of migrant workers in the cleaning industry in Finland. It is based on interviews with migrant workers who have experienced labor exploitation in the cleaning industry, representatives of cleaning industry employers, and representatives of labor unions. The primary aim is to give voice to the migrant workers themselves and to analyze how they experience their work and their position in working life. The findings suggest that there is a risk that migrant workers in the cleaning sector experience various forms of exploitation. This article argues that the demand and need for (employee) flexibility may turn into forced flexibility that exploits the powerless and vulnerable migrant workers who have few other options than to agree to work on poor terms. The article suggests that the structural reasons that make the exploitation of migrant labor possible should be identified and addressed in order to prevent misuse of any workers, especially migrants.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Increased exploitation life"
1
Василевський, Володимир Валентинович. "Прогнозування строку служби силового трансформатора за допомогою комплексної моделі технічного стану целюлозної ізоляції." Thesis, Запорізький національний технічний університет, 2019. http://repository.kpi.kharkov.ua/handle/KhPI-Press/39554.
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Дисертація на здобуття наукового ступеня кандидата технічних наук за спеціальністю 05.09.01 – електричні машини й апарати. – Національний технічний університет "Харківський політехнічний інститут", Харків, 2019 р. Дисертацію присвячено удосконаленню математичних моделей для прогнозуванню залишкового ресурсу силового трансформатора та техніко-економічного обґрунтування стратегії його технічного обслуговування шляхом розробки комплексної моделі технічного стану целюлозної ізоляції. Запропоновано комплексну модель технічного стану целюлозної ізоляції, яка складається з математичної моделі формування реального ресурсу трансформатора на етапі його виробництва та моделі витрати ресурсу целюлозної ізоляції силового трансформатора на етапі експлуатації. Розроблено математичну модель вологообміну в системі целюлозна ізоляція – трансформаторне масло у взаємозв'язку з іншими математичними моделями, які описують стан трансформатора в експлуатації. Проведено аналіз впливу проведення технічного обслуговування силового трансформатора (зокрема, сушіння активної частини) на ресурсні характеристики целюлозної ізоляції. Виконано моделювання витрати ресурсу трансформатора для різних стратегій технічного обслуговування. За допомогою аналізу результатів моделювання обґрунтовано необхідність урахування проведення технічного обслуговування при розрахунках залишкового ресурсу і моделюванні витрати ресурсу ізоляції в експлуатації. Отримав пода-льший розвиток розрахунковий метод визначення скорочення строку служби ізоляції за рахунок корегування відомої формули інтегралу старіння шляхом більш точної інтерполяції вихідних даних, що використовуються для побудови залежності швидкості старіння від вмісту вологи в ізоляції. Вперше запропоновано математичні моделі для оцінки впливу етапу виробництва на призначений ресурс, які відрізняються урахуванням недосконалості засобів контролю і стохастичності процесу зміни ресурсу в ході технологічного процесу.Thesis for granting the Degree of Candidate of Technical sciences in speciality 05.09.01 – Electric machines and apparatus. – National Technical University "Kharkiv Politechnical Institute", 2019. The thesis is dedicated to the improvement of mathematical models for forecasting the residual lifetime of a power transformer and the feasibility study of its maintenance strategy by developing a complex model of cellulose insulation technical condition. The complex model of the cellulose insulation technical condition, which consists of a mathematical model of the transformer's real resource formation at the stage of its production and a model of the resource consumption of the power transformer's cellulose insulation during the exploitation phase, is proposed. The mathematical model of water exchange in the system of cellulose insulation - transformer oil in the interrelation with other mathematical models, describing the condition of the transformer in exploitation is developed. The analysis of the effect of maintenance of power transformer (in particular, drying of the active part) on the characteristics of cellulose insulation is carried out. The transformer resource consumption modeling for different maintenance strategies is executed. The simulation justified the need to take into account the maintenance in the calculations of the residual resource and the modeling of the insulation resource consumption in operation. The calculation method for determining the reduction of insulation's lifetime was further developed by adjusting the known formula of the integral of aging by more accurate interpolation of the original data used to construct the dependence of the rate of aging on the moisture content of the insulation. For the first time, mathematical models for assessing the influence of the production stage on the assigned resource, which differ by the imperfection of control and stochasticity of the process of resource change during the technological process, are proposed.
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Василевський, Володимир Валентинович. "Прогнозування строку служби силового трансформатора за допомогою комплексної моделі технічного стану целюлозної ізоляції." Thesis, Національний технічний університет "Харківський політехнічний інститут", 2019. http://repository.kpi.kharkov.ua/handle/KhPI-Press/39553.
Full textAbstract:
Дисертація на здобуття наукового ступеня кандидата технічних наук за спеціальністю 05.09.01 – електричні машини й апарати. – Національний технічний університет "Харківський політехнічний інститут", Харків, 2019 р. Дисертацію присвячено удосконаленню математичних моделей для прогнозуванню залишкового ресурсу силового трансформатора та техніко-економічного обґрунтування стратегії його технічного обслуговування шляхом розробки комплексної моделі технічного стану целюлозної ізоляції. Запропоновано комплексну модель технічного стану целюлозної ізоляції, яка складається з математичної моделі формування реального ресурсу трансформатора на етапі його виробництва та моделі витрати ресурсу целюлозної ізоляції силового трансформатора на етапі експлуатації. Розроблено математичну модель вологообміну в системі целюлозна ізоляція – трансформаторне масло у взаємозв'язку з іншими математичними моделями, які описують стан трансформатора в експлуатації. Проведено аналіз впливу проведення технічного обслуговування силового трансформатора (зокрема, сушіння активної частини) на ресурсні характеристики целюлозної ізоляції. Виконано моделювання витрати ресурсу трансформатора для різних стратегій технічного обслуговування. За допомогою аналізу результатів моделювання обґрунтовано необхідність урахування проведення технічного обслуговування при розрахунках залишкового ресурсу і моделюванні витрати ресурсу ізоляції в експлуатації. Отримав пода-льший розвиток розрахунковий метод визначення скорочення строку служби ізоляції за рахунок корегування відомої формули інтегралу старіння шляхом більш точної інтерполяції вихідних даних, що використовуються для побудови залежності швидкості старіння від вмісту вологи в ізоляції. Вперше запропоновано математичні моделі для оцінки впливу етапу виробництва на призначений ресурс, які відрізняються урахуванням недосконалості засобів контролю і стохастичності процесу зміни ресурсу в ході технологічного процесу.Thesis for granting the Degree of Candidate of Technical sciences in speciality 05.09.01 – Electric machines and apparatus. – National Technical University "Kharkiv Politechnical Institute", 2019. The thesis is dedicated to the improvement of mathematical models for forecasting the residual lifetime of a power transformer and the feasibility study of its maintenance strategy by developing a complex model of cellulose insulation technical condition. The complex model of the cellulose insulation technical condition, which consists of a mathematical model of the transformer's real resource formation at the stage of its production and a model of the resource consumption of the power transformer's cellulose insulation during the exploitation phase, is proposed. The mathematical model of water exchange in the system of cellulose insulation - transformer oil in the interrelation with other mathematical models, describing the condition of the transformer in exploitation is developed. The analysis of the effect of maintenance of power transformer (in particular, drying of the active part) on the characteristics of cellulose insulation is carried out. The transformer resource consumption modeling for different maintenance strategies is executed. The simulation justified the need to take into account the maintenance in the calculations of the residual resource and the modeling of the insulation resource consumption in operation. The calculation method for determining the reduction of insulation's lifetime was further developed by adjusting the known formula of the integral of aging by more accurate interpolation of the original data used to construct the dependence of the rate of aging on the moisture content of the insulation. For the first time, mathematical models for assessing the influence of the production stage on the assigned resource, which differ by the imperfection of control and stochasticity of the process of resource change during the technological process, are proposed.
Books on the topic "Increased exploitation life"
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Banerjee, Pallavi. Paradoxes of Patriarchy. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252037573.003.0006.
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This chapter examines the paradoxes of patriarchy by drawing on the experiences of South Asian immigrant women in ethnic labor markets. Most South Asian women who work in the South Asian labor market in the United States are engaged in low-wage work within the ethnic labor market, employed by male-owned businesses and with little separation between the private and public spheres. The women and their families often live in same ethnic enclaves where they work. This chapter considers whether South Asian immigrant women's entry into a structurally stratified ethnic labor market creates a paradox in their lives. More specifically, it explores whether employment increases the women's bargaining power within the household and whether the close proximity between work and home facilitates working longer hours for little pay. The chapter reveals the paradoxes of immigration and gendered labor in ethnic enclaves. While the ethnic markets' familial/patrilineal structure creates social capital and a safe space for the South Asian women, it also makes them vulnerable to exploitation in terms of reduced wages and increased work hours.
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Vaidhyanathan, Siva. Antisocial Media. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190056544.001.0001.
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This book explains how Facebook devolved from an innocent social site created by Harvard students into a force that makes personal life a little more pleasurable, but at the same time makes democracy a lot more challenging. It talks about the hubris of good intentions, a missionary spirit, and an ideology that sees computer code as the universal solvent for all human problems. It also addresses how "social media" has fostered the deterioration of democratic culture around the world, from facilitating Russian meddling in support of Donald Trump's election to the exploitation of the platform by murderous authoritarians in Burma and the Philippines. The book analyzes the increase of recognition and reaction against Facebook's power in the last couple of years. It reviews the growing public concern about the influence Facebook exerts over lives and politics around the world.
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Chan, Kenneth, and Andrew Stuckey, eds. Sino-Enchantment. Edinburgh University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474460842.001.0001.
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Although Chinese film audiences, including those in the PRC, Taiwan and Hong Kong, have always maintained a foundational cultural interest in the fantastic, this trend has dramatically increased over the last decade. Sino-Enchantment is the first work in English to approach this recent explosion of fantastic films in Chinese cinemas, where each re-envisioning of the form is determined by cultural, economic, political and technological factors to produce fresh inventions and creative reinventions of familiar narratives, characters and tropes. As a whole, the book argues that fantastic cinemas serve a fundamental function of re-enchanting mundane modern society with wonder and awe. Individual chapters present detailed examinations of works by famous filmmakers such as Zhang Yimou, Tsui Hark and Stephen Chow, as well as case studies of films like The Assassin (2015), Monster Hunt (2015) and The Great Wall (2016). The book focuses on a range of cinematic forms, practices and themes, which include blockbuster films, art cinema, exploitation B-movies, digital effects, ecocinema, film blanc and contemporary adaptations of traditional Chinese classics. Sino-enchantment functions as a new theoretical lens through which readers can engage with elements of the fantastic in Chinese cinema in nuanced, complex and innovative ways.
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Santibañez Gruber, Rosa Maria, and Antonia Caro González, eds. DEUSTO Social Impact Briefings No. 4 (2019). University of Deusto, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18543/dsib-4(2020).
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This fourth edition of the DSIB presents the main results of the research carried out under four broad-based projects jointly developed by researchers and actors involved in topics of great social relevance such as responsible gambling, Cooperative-Intelligent transport Systems, gender dimension of alcohol addiction and support and care for victims of trafficking for sexual exploitation. This issue comprises the following four briefings: 1. What would sports betting advertising be like if it were handled more responsibly? will analyse the structure of sports betting advertising, in an attempt to understand whether such advertising could become a public health issue. This briefing examines different works that have led to scientific publications and presents their main conclusions as well as the major recommendations for gambling companies and regulators. 2. How can artificial intelligence reduce road traffic accidents and prevent congestion? This briefing seeks to present the benefits of the TIMON system for optimising traffic management and urban transport network operations in cities, directly supporting transport managers in their decision-making processes for transport operations. 3. Gender inequalities in matters of drug addiction: how does alcoholism really affect women? aims to study the phenomenon of drug dependence from a gender perspective. This involves identifying what kind of socio-cultural and psychological representations are involved in women, according to their gender role, so that they develop a series of risk factors for them, both for the beginning of consumption and in its continuity. In addition, the research team proposes guidelines for a specialized care for women in this area, in order to increase the effectiveness of required interventions. 4. Key points for supporting and accompanying victims and survivors of human trafficking for sexual exploitation is intended as a working document for specialists involved in the prevention and detection of cases and in support and care for victims. It seeks to fill the current gaps and meet the needs of women victims of trafficking providing a better response to their situations.
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Agathangelou, Anna M., and Heather M. Turcotte. “Feminist” Theoretical Inquiries and “IR”. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190846626.013.374.
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Feminist international relations (IR) theories have long provided interventions and insights into the embedded asymmetrical gender relations of global politics, particularly in areas such as security, state-nationalism, rights–citizenship, and global political economies. Yet despite the histories of struggle to increase attention to gender analysis, and women in particular, within world politics, IR knowledge and practice continues to segregate gendered and feminist analyses as if they are outside its own formation. IR as a field, discipline, and site of contestation of power has been one of the last fields to open up to gender and feminist analyses. One reason for this is the link between social science and international institutions like the United Nations, and its dominant role in the formation of foreign policy. Raising the inferior status of feminism within IR, that is, making possible the mainstreaming of gender and feminism, will require multiple centers of power and multiple marginalities. However, these institutional struggles for recognition through exclusion may themselves perpetuate similar exploitative relationships of drawing boundaries around legitimate academic and other institutional orders. In engaging, listening and writing these struggles, it is important to recognize that feminisms, feminist IR, and IR are intimately linked through disciplinary struggles and larger geopolitical struggles of world affairs and thus necessitate knowledge terrains attentive to intersectional and oppositional gendered struggles (i.e., race, sexuality, nation, class, religion, and gender itself).
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SINGH, Dr ANIMESH, Dr BHAWNA CHOUDHARY, and Dr MANISHA GUPTA. TRANSFORMING BUSINESS THROUGH DIGITALIZATION. KAAV PUBLICATIONS, DELHI, INDIA, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.52458/9789391842390.2021.eb.
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The theme of this book “Transforming Business through Digitization‖ was chosen due to its relevance in the contemporary globalized world. The world is witnessing the pace of change of digitalization like never before the similar trend will be seen in future too. With integration of value chains and supply chains becoming a global imperative, the contribution of IT enabled services and digitalization has had great impact on Tran‘s nationalisation of businesses. The responsiveness in the value chains and in the larger supply chains will be the key to increasing the market share in future. The application of Artificial Intelligence has helped the stakeholders in value chains and supply chains in making informed & quick decisions. This has been made possible due to integrated and well organized businesses linkages leading to better storage, access and management of data. The increase digitalization and ability to track and capture data at different nodes in the value chain and supply chain will help the marketers understand the impact of various variables on the sales performance of various brands. The marketers have to work of ways to convince the stakeholders about the privacy of the data. In future there is a possibility of mixing compete data privacy with fluid artificial intelligence across the supply chain making business processes easier using the technology of block chains. The most important contribution of the digitalization in the supply chain may be seen in the area of sustainability and green initiatives. The may be made possible by the way of assessing the levels of reduction in exploitative and polluting systems and processes and making progressive modifications in those systems and processes. The book- ―transforming business through digitization‖ is an attempt to record Innovative and novel manuscripts, research-based articles, case studies, conceptual outcome-oriented business models, and practices from the innovative minds of researchers and academicians. The book encompasses twenty-four chapters with research-based perspectives in the area of e-commerce, digital governance, digital transaction platforms, business analytics, and digitalization in agriculture, digital marketing, block chain, nuero marketing, search engine marketing, UPIs, Search Engine Marketing, Digi-preneurship, and digital finance. The book can be read as a compendium of readings of digitization of business and industry.
Book chapters on the topic "Increased exploitation life"
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Underwood, Mark Alan. "Intranet Exploitation of Social Network Knowledge Intelligence." In Harnessing Social Media as a Knowledge Management Tool, 273–98. IGI Global, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-0495-5.ch013.
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Intranets are almost as old as the concept of a web site. More than twenty-five years ago the text Business Data Communications closed with a discussion of intranets (Stallings, 1990). Underlying technology improvements in intranets have been incremental; intranets were never seen as killer developments. Yet the popularity of Online Social Networks (OSNs) has led to increased interest in the part OSNs play – or could play – in using intranets to foster knowledge management. This chapter reviews research into how social graphs for an enterprise, team or other collaboration group interacts with the ways intranets have been used to display, collect, curate and disseminate information over the knowledge life cycle. Future roles that OSN-aware intranets could play in emerging technologies, such as process mining, elicitation methods, domain-specific intelligent agents, big data, and just-in-time learning are examined.
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"Conservation, Ecology, and Management of Catfish: The Second International Symposium." In Conservation, Ecology, and Management of Catfish: The Second International Symposium, edited by TIMOTHY F. BONVECHIO, MICHEAL S. ALLEN, DAN GWINN, and JASON S. MITCHELL. American Fisheries Society, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.47886/9781934874257.ch33.
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<em>Abstract</em>.—Recent modeling indicates that increased exploitation on nonnative flathead catfish <em>Pylodictis olivaris</em> may be an avenue for native species recovery. Flathead catfish were illegally introduced into the Satilla River, Georgia, and negative impacts have occurred on native fishes. In an effort to aid in the restoration of native fish on the Satilla River, the Georgia Department of Natural Resources initiated an intensive electrofishing removal effort. In this study, we evaluated the changes in flathead catfish total mortality, condition, and size structure from those efforts. From 2007 to 2009, 13,472 flathead catfish totaling 19,337 kg were removed along a 129-km stretch of the Satilla River. The population size structure changed substantially from containing many large individuals (59% 510 mm total length [TL]) in 2007 to mainly small fish (79% 356 mm TL) by 2009. Total biomass per effort declined from 57.05 kg/h in 2007 to 19.96 kg/h in 2009. Mean individual weight of fish removed decreased from 2.64 kg in 2007 to 1.32 kg in 2008 to 0.61 kg in 2009. Population age structure was also truncated, but there was evidence for higher recruitment and earlier maturation, which would require that intensive harvest be maintained to prevent the population from rebuilding within 2–5 years. Catch-curves revealed increasing total annual mortality rates of 37, 48 and 52%, for 2007–2009, respectively. Considering the life history of the flathead catfish, being a long-lived species that presumably cannot withstand excessive rates of exploitation (i.e., greater than 25% exploitation), our results indicated that an electrofishing removal program is a reasonable management option for areas where this apex predator has been introduced, but continual removal may be required to maintain low biomass.
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"Pacific Salmon: Ecology and Management of Western Alaska’s Populations." In Pacific Salmon: Ecology and Management of Western Alaska’s Populations, edited by Jeffrey J. Hard, William H. Eldridge, and Kerry A. Naish. American Fisheries Society, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.47886/9781934874110.ch33.
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<em>Abstract.</em>—Selective fishing targets potential breeders with particular characteristics, hence, it can change a population in ways that affect its abundance and productivity. Chinook salmon <em>Oncorhynchus tshawytscha </em>show a wide range of sizes and ages at adulthood and are exposed to fishing during much of their lives. Size-selective fishing can remove the largest and oldest individuals from a population. What is the role of fishing as a factor affecting size, and what are the genetic consequences of change in size for life history and viability? To address these questions for Chinook salmon in the Arctic-Yukon-Kuskokwim region of Alaska, evolutionary and demographic models of long-lived, large-bodied Chinook salmon are linked to assess the effects of two idealized fishing regimes on age-specific length, spawner abundance, and yield to the fishery. The lengths for fish of each age are treated as distinct but correlated traits. The models showed that a constant exploitation rate above a minimum fish size reduces abundance and yield within 100 years unless genetic variation for, and stabilizing natural selection on, length are sufficient to permit adaptation. Because lengths at age were correlated, fish in all age groups, including those under weak selection, responded to selection by declining in length, and abundance and yield both decreased. When fishing removed fish between a minimum and maximum size limit, fish increased in length during adaptation to fishing, and the population could achieve higher abundance after 100 years than that predicted by a non-genetic model. Under both fishing regimes, the population showed evidence of adaptation to fishing if length was heritable and natural selection on length was evident. Management intervention through aggressive reduction of exploitation rate allowed the population to eventually achieve or exceed pre-fishing abundances and stable catches in both regimes. When sufficiently strong and selective, fishing can cause fish size to evolve rapidly, with potential consequences for viability.
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Bourne, David G., Hillary A. Smith, and Cathie A. Page. "Diseases of scleractinian corals." In Invertebrate Pathology, 77–108. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198853756.003.0004.
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Coral reefs are critical habitats that support an abundance of marine life while also being economically important to millions of people that rely on reef-based industries such as tourism and fishing to sustain local communities. However, reef ecosystems globally are degrading at alarming rates due to anthropogenic impacts including ocean warming, poor water quality and over exploitation of marine stocks. Contributing to the decline in reef health has been coral disease outbreaks that can change benthic community assemblages, influence trophic networks, and impact the broad ecosystem services provided by reefs. Coral diseases have been investigated for over 50 years and cases of disease reported from almost every reef ecosystem on the planet. Disease is a natural component of the reef ecosystem, though increased disturbances from anthropogenic impacts have driven unprecedented outbreaks with some coral species in the Caribbean region now listed on the endangered species register. An extensive array of coral diseases has been described (> 40), though many have poor macroscopic and diagnostic descriptions with little associated epizootic and etiologic information. This chapter explores the current epizoology and etiology understanding of coral diseases reported across a broad geographical footprint and with repeated observations. As management of coral reefs pivots to looking for novel approaches to maintain ecosystem health, mitigate the impacts of rapid climate change, and build reef resilience, a better understanding of the environmental drivers and biological causes of coral disease is central to ensuring these iconic ecosystems persist into the future.
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Andersen, Ken H. "Fisheries-Induced Evolution." In Fish Ecology, Evolution, and Exploitation, 100–116. Princeton University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691192956.003.0006.
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This chapter develops a basic evolutionary impact assessment of fishing. It does so by combining the size-based theory developed in chapters 3 and 4 with classic quantitative genetics. The impact assessment estimated the selection responses resulting from size-selective fishing on three main life-history traits: size at maturation, growth rate, and investment in reproduction. The predicted selection responses from a fishing mortality comparable to F msy are on the order of magnitude of 0.1 percent per year, smallest for size at maturation and largest for the investment in reproduction. The responses increase roughly proportional to the fishing mortality, so overfishing will not only result in depleted stocks and suboptimal yield production, but it will also lead to faster fisheries-induced evolution.
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Sundaram, S. Meenakshi, Tejaswini R. Murgod, and Sowmya M. "Technology-Based Innovation for Business Model Innovation." In Advances in Systems Analysis, Software Engineering, and High Performance Computing, 223–36. IGI Global, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-9059-1.ch014.
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Innovation is the commercial application and successful exploitation of the idea. This means introducing something new into the business for improving or replacing business processes to increase efficiency and productivity. Development of entirely new and improved products and services for changing customer or consumer demands or needs, adding value to existing products, services, or markets is called business innovation. It is critical for any forward-thinking organization that technology plays a major role. Choosing technologies that will empower an organization is challenging. Today, technological innovations like internet-enabled mobile devices have allowed businesses to innovate news ways of doing things that were previously unthinkable. Innovation must be more than just technologically feasible and economically profitable. The successful exploitation of new ideas is crucial to a business being able to improve its processes, bring new and improved products and services to market, increase its efficiency, and most importantly, improve its profitability.
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"Life in the Slow Lane: Ecology and Conservation of Long-Lived Marine Animals." In Life in the Slow Lane: Ecology and Conservation of Long-Lived Marine Animals, edited by Colin A. Simpfendorfer. American Fisheries Society, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.47886/9781888569155.ch11.
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<em>Abstract.</em> —An assessment of the dusky shark <em>Carcharhinus obscurus </em> fishery in southwestern Australia was undertaken using demographic techniques. Current annual catches of <em>C. obscurus </em> by the fishery are 500–700 metric tons (live weight), most of which are recently born individuals (age-0). The best estimates of life history parameters indicate that the annual rate of population increase is 4.3% when unfished and that the <EM>F</EM><sub> MSY</sub> is 0.021. Tests indicate that the results are most sensitive to changes in values of natural mortality and age at maturity. Changes to the values of average litter size, reproductive periodicity, and longevity had little effect on the results. The inclusion in the analysis of age-specific exploitation rates from a tagging study indicate that at current levels of fishing the <em>C. obscurus </em> population in southwestern Australia is most likely to be sustainable. However, it must be noted that there is some unquantified mortality of older year-classes due to fishing operations outside of the managed fishery. The results indicate that it is possible to exploit long-lived, late-maturing, slow-reproducing marine animals by targeting the youngest age-classes. The results are discussed in relation to the dusky shark fishery in southwestern Australia and the exploitation of other long-lived marine species.
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Moll, Don, and Edward O. Moll. "River Turtle Diversity, Adaptations, and Roles in the River Ecosystem." In The Ecology, Exploitation and Conservation of River Turtles. Oxford University Press, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195102291.003.0005.
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There are river turtles and then there are turtles that live in rivers; a statement that suggests that the definition of a river turtle may not be as straightforward as it might first appear. It is an issue that must be resolved, however, in determining the scope of the treatment of the group in this book. Complications ensue from both the context in which the term “river” is applied, and from the habitat catholicity of many chelonian species. Our resolution of the first issue is to focus upon the chelonian inhabitants of larger, higher order lotic environments, and to place less emphasis on the treatment of those species that inhabit smaller streams. With a few notable exceptions (e.g., the flattened musk turtle, Sternotherus depressus due to attention by Mount, 1981; Dodd, 1988, 1990, and in press; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, 1990; and Bailey & Guyer, 1998), there is so little information available concerning most of these stream dwelling species that there is relatively little sacrificed with this approach. Nevertheless, we shall refer to the limited literature concerning such species when we consider it important to our treatment of river species. As river ecosystems increase in size, however, they also increase in ecological complexity and habitat diversity. While a complete analysis of these ecosystems is well beyond the scope of this book, Welcomme (1979) distinguished between two broad categories of larger rivers that provide habitat for riverine chelonians—the reservoir river and the flood plain (or flood) river. Reservoir rivers are those with generally stable flow throughout the year as a result of even annual precipitation, or the presence of marginal lakes and swamps that store water that may be slowly released into the channel throughout the year. Such rivers (e.g., the lower Zaire) overflow their banks only rarely during periods of exceptional rainfall. Many flood plain rivers have been altered to such an extent by water flow regulation due to dams, dikes, and impoundments that they now more closely resemble rivers of the reservoir type (Welcomme, 1979). The fish communities of reservoir rivers are diverse, trophically specialized, and structured into well-defined food webs (Roberts, 1973).
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"Pacific Salmon Environmental and Life History Models: Advancing Science for Sustainable Salmon in the Future." In Pacific Salmon Environmental and Life History Models: Advancing Science for Sustainable Salmon in the Future, edited by David R. Bernardrd and Robert A. Clark. American Fisheries Society, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.47886/9781934874097.ch9.
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<em>Abstract.</em>—Traditional methods were used to estimate optimal escapement goals (goals that produce maximum sustained yield) for Pacific salmon <em>Oncorhynchus </em>spp. in a modeling experiment that included postulated depensatory effects of marine-derived nutrients (MDNs) on production. Depensatory and compensatory density dependence in survival rates of young salmon were modeled as a function of parental abundance (the MDN model). Parameters in the MDN model were changed to produce study cases with different strengths of depensation at low numbers of parents, different trajectories in the depensatory function, and different base productivity in salmon populations. Stronger depensation tended to produce an Allee effect (production below replacement at low abundance) as an emergent property while depensatory functions with flatter (lower) trajectories depressed carrying capacity. Several study cases involving stronger depensation, flatter trajectories, and/or lower base productivity had unrealistic production curves (production below replacement). Optimal escapement goals and optimal harvest rates were estimated for study cases having realistic production curves using three traditional methods: halving an estimate of carrying capacity (used when collected data came from a period of negligible exploitation rates), regressions (for data taken when exploitation rates have been moderate), and with a function of estimated intrinsic rates of increase (when exploitation rates have been high). Comparisons of estimates against known values from a deterministic version of the MDN model indicated that, in all study cases except one, goals estimated with traditional methods produced expectations of nearly optimal fishing to recruitment underfishing. The one exception concerned halving the estimated carrying capacity for a population for which depensation from MDNs was strong with a flat trajectory. In that case, simulations with a stochastic, dynamic version of the MDN model that included process error showed this population would likely not exist. Additional stochastic simulations also reinforced conclusions from the deterministic model, except that regression often failed because of lack of fit when depensation from MDNs was moderate or strong for populations with low base productivity. Hydrological and biological characteristics that relate to modeled effects of MDNs on salmon production were postulated.
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Goričanec, Darko, and Danijela Urbancl. "Exploitation of Excess Low-Temperature Heat Sources from Cogeneration Gas Engines." In Energy Efficiency [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.98369.
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The chapter presents an innovative technical solution for the use of low-temperature excess heat from the combined heat and power (CHP) of gas engines using gas or liquid fuel for district heating, building heating or industry. The primary fuel efficiency of CHP gas engines for heat production can be significantly increased by using the low-temperature excess heat of the exhaust gasses and the cooling system of the CHP gas engine, which are released into the environment thereby also reducing CO2 emissions. District heating hot water systems generally work with higher temperatures of the heating water, which is transported to the heat consumer via the supply line, and the cooled heating water is returned to the CHP gas engine via the return line. In order to make use of the excess low-temperature heat of the exhaust gasses and the cooling system of the CHP gas engine, a condenser must be installed in the exhaust pipe in which the water vapor contained in the exhaust gasses condenses and a mixture of water and glycol is heated, which later leads to the evaporator of the high-temperature heat pump (HTHP). The cooled heating water is returned from the heat consumer via the district heating return pipe to a condenser of one or more HTHPs connected in series, where it is reheated and then sent to a CHP gas engine, where it is reheated to the final temperature. The Aspen plus software package is used to run a computer simulation of one or more HTHPs connected in series and parallel to the district heating system and to demonstrate the economics of using the excess heat from the exhaust gasses and the cooling system of the CHP gas engine.
Conference papers on the topic "Increased exploitation life"
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Skaare, Bjo̸rn, Tor David Hanson, and Finn Gunnar Nielsen. "Importance of Control Strategies on Fatigue Life of Floating Wind Turbines." In ASME 2007 26th International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2007-29277.
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Exploitation of wind energy at deep-waters locations requires floating wind turbine foundations. Several floating wind turbine foundation concepts are reported in the literature, and a common challenge is to make a low cost foundation with acceptable motion characteristics. In order to analyze the fatigue life of floating offshore wind turbines, the coupled action of wind, waves, current and blade pitch control strategy must be considered. State-of-the-art computer programs for motion analysis of moored offshore bodies, Simo-Riflex from Sintef Marintek, are coupled to a state-of-the-art aero-elastic computer program for wind turbines, Hawc2 from Riso̸ National Laboratory. The wave loads on the body may include wave diffraction and radiation loads as well as viscous forces. The mooring lines are modelled using cable finite elements with inertia and drag forces. The wind load on the rotor is based on common rotor aerodynamics including corrections for skew inflow and relative motion caused by large displacement and large tilt and yaw rotations of the rotor. Conventional wind turbine control strategies lead to wind-induced loads that may amplify or damp the motions of the floating wind turbine. The first case is a result of the blade pitch control strategy above rated wind speed for the wind turbine, and can result in large resonant motions that will reduce the fatigue life of the floating wind turbine significantly. The latter case implies energy extraction from the waves. This paper addresses the importance of control strategies on fatigue life for a given floating offshore wind turbine. A fatigue life time comparison between a conventional blade pitch control strategy and an estimator based blade pitch control strategy show that the fatigue life of floating offshore wind turbines can be significantly increased by use of alternative blade pitch control strategies.
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Naderi, Banafsheh, A. A. Aghakouchak, and Madhi Mirzaei. "Residual Strength of Damaged Jacket Type Offshore Platform and the Effects of Local Repair." In ASME 2009 28th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2009-79242.
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In the design of offshore platforms, the aim is to have a characteristic capacity higher than the characteristic environmental loads with a return period of typically 100 years multiplied by some partial safety factors for loads and resistance. Simplified of the assumptions is inherent in the derivation of force components. In addition, any potential of the structure for yielding and load redistribution, giving the inherent “reserve capacity” is neglected in the design stage. Reserve strength is commonly defined as the ability of a structure to sustain loads in excess of the design value. The frame action and system redundancy are implicit sources of reserve strength which are not generally controlled or quantified in design. Reserve strength should not be solely considered as overdesigning of structures. However, there are situations where such reserve strength may be demonstrated, for example in case of reassessment of existing structures, e.g. improved exploitation methods or increased petroleum service may call for service life extension, the characteristic loads may increase due to installation of new modules. It is also important that a structure can sustain damage without collapse so that it has sufficient remaining or “residual” strength. Such damage may result from extreme overloading of structures as a whole, or from localized damage such as ship impact or dropped object. This paper is concerned with the reserve strength of a jacket evaluated by pushover analysis in intact and damaged conditions. The tested structure is a PP (Production Platform) jacket, a K-braced space frame, located in the Persian Gulf. The loading on the structure contains functional and environmental loads. The test is carried out under displacement control. The influence of damages including “Local Denting” and “Out of Straightness” on the critical members is investigated, and then reassessment and Probabilistic Collapse Analysis of the platform are considered to illustrate the mechanisms of failure caused by each damage The effects of some repair scenarios is investigated too.
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Kappis, Wolfgang, Stefan Florjancic, and Uwe Ruedel. "Alstom Gas Turbine Technology Overview: Status 2014." In ASME Turbo Expo 2015: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2015-43289.
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Market requirements for the heavy duty gas turbine power generation business have significantly changed over the last few years. With high gas prices in former times, all users have been mainly focusing on efficiency in addition to overall life cycle costs. Today individual countries see different requirements, which is easily explainable picking three typical trends. In the United States, with the exploitation of shale gas, gas prices are at a very low level. Hence, many gas turbines are used as base load engines, i.e. nearly constant loads for extended times. For these engines reliability is of main importance and efficiency somewhat less. In Japan gas prices are extremely high, and therefore the need for efficiency is significantly higher. Due to the challenge to partly replace nuclear plants, these engines as well are mainly intended for base load operation. In Europe, with the mid and long term carbon reduction strategy, heavy duty gas turbines is mainly used to compensate for intermittent renewable power generation. As a consequence, very high cyclic operation including fast and reliable start-up, very high loading gradients, including frequency response, and extended minimum and maximum operating ranges are required. Additionally, there are other features that are frequently requested. Fuel flexibility is a major demand, reaching from fuels of lower purity, i.e. with higher carbon (C2+), content up to possible combustion of gases generated by electrolysis (H2). Lifecycle optimization, as another important request, relies on new technologies for reconditioning, lifetime monitoring, and improved lifetime prediction methods. Out of Alstom’s recent research and development activities the following items are specifically addressed in this paper. Thermodynamic engine modelling and associated tasks are discussed, as well as the improvement and introduction of new operating concepts. Furthermore extended applications of design methodologies are shown. An additional focus is set ono improve emission behaviour understanding and increased fuel flexibility. Finally, some applications of the new technologies in Alstom products are given, indicating the focus on market requirements and customer care.
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Bernardini, Chiara, Stuart Benton, Jen-Ping Chen, and Jeffrey P. Bons. "Exploitation of Subharmonics for Separated Shear Layer Control on a High-Lift LPT Using Acoustic Forcing." In ASME Turbo Expo 2013: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2013-95995.
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The mechanism of separation control by sound excitation is investigated on the aft loaded LPT blade profile, the L1A, which experiences a large boundary layer separation at low Reynolds numbers. Previous work by the authors has shown that on a laminar separation bubble such as that experienced by the front-loaded L2F profile, sound excitation control has its best performance at the most unstable frequency of the shear layer due to the exploitation of the linear instability mechanism. The different loading distribution on the L1A increases the distance of the separated shear layer from the wall and the exploitation of the same linear mechanism is no longer effective in these conditions. However, significant control authority is found in the range of the first subharmonic of the natural unstable frequency. The amplitude of forced excitation required for significant wake loss reduction is higher than that needed when exploiting linear instability, but unlike the latter case, no threshold amplitude is found. The fluid-dynamics mechanisms under these conditions are investigated by PIV measurements. Phase-locked PIV data gives insight into the growth and development of structures as they are shed from the shear layer and merge to lock into the excited frequency. Unlike near-wall laminar separation sound control, it is found that when such large separated shear layers occur, sound excitation at subharmonics of the fundamental frequency is still effective with high Tu levels.
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Ćatipović, Ivan, Nastia Degiuli, Andreja Werner, Većeslav Čorić, and Jadranka Radanović. "Numerical Model of Towing Line in Sea Transport." In ASME 2014 33rd International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2014-24218.
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Towing as a specific type of sea transport is often used for installing objects for drilling and exploitation of underwater gas and oil wells. Also, towing proved to be a cost-effective solution for the installation of the offshore wind turbine electric generators at sea locations. Because of the mass of these objects the need for towing increases progressively. Time domain numerical model for the wave-induced motions of a towed ship and the towline tension in regular head seas is presented in this paper. For the sake of simplicity, one end of the towing line is attached to ship’s bow and another end has prescribed straight line motion. All considerations are done in the vertical plane so the ship is modeled as a rigid body with three degrees of freedom. Hydrodynamic loadings due to waves are taken into account along with added mass and damping. Dynamics of the towing line is described by finite elements. Due to the nonlinear properties of the problem calculations are done in time domain. Comparison of the obtained numerical results is made with previously published results.
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Bolton, M. T. W., S. N. Waterworth, and R. J. McClurg. "Enabling, Equipping and Empowering the Support Enterprise through Digital Transformation." In 14th International Naval Engineering Conference and Exhibition. IMarEST, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.24868/issn.2515-818x.2018.055.
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Existing digital technology is transforming adjacent industries and will transform the Maritime sector. Increased data integration, exploitation via applications and use of mobile technology will enable the realisation of benefits, particularly in the management of material state and design change. Improvements to the way we store, share, manage and act upon information will ensure decisions are based upon the best, most accurate and timely information available shared across the Support Enterprise. It will also reduce time taken for maintenance by better understanding the maintenance requirement and avoid unnecessary cost by reducing the need for 2nd, 3rd and 4th line support. All of this should lead to a greatly reduced safety risk and increased platform availability. Furthermore, these improvements will enable the Royal Navy (RN) to further empower its maintainers, improving efficiency, productivity and job satisfaction. These personnel are at the heart of the Support solution and are of vital importance not least because platforms are complex but also because conduct of operational engineering, by RN personnel at reach, in adversity, ensures the Service is always ready to fight and win. The RN is embracing Digital Transformation (DX) as the means to deliver maritime support improvement and specifically safety, availability and productivity benefits. Navy Command has developed the Maritime Support Information Exploitation (MarSIX) strategy and model to drive the development of a single configured, assured, inter-related data set that can effectively exploit information across the enterprise and ensure the RN maintainer is firmly positioned at the heart of Support. Vital to the safety argument and meeting availability requirements, the approach is part of a journey towards a future Support Network that recognises the unique maritime operating environment and the close relationship between front line engineering and the enterprise that supports it.
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Cerullo, Nicola, D. Bufalino, G. Forasassi, G. Lomonaco, P. Rocchi, and V. Romanello. "The Capabilities of HTRs to Burn Actinides and to Optimize Plutonium Exploitation." In 12th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone12-49423.
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At present, the 125 GWe of nuclear power in the European Union produce about 3000 tons of spent fuel annually, containing about 25 tons of plutonium, 2.5 tons of minor actinides (MA) and about 100 tons of fission products, of which 3.1 tons are long-lived fission products. Actual reprocessing of LWR fuel and a first recycling as mixed plutonium and depleted uranium oxide fuel (MOX) in LWR already contribute to a significant reduction of waste volumes and radiotoxicity. However HTRs have some characteristics which make them particularly attractive: intrinsic safety, cost-effectiveness, reduced thermal pollution, capability of increasing energy availability (with the use of Pu-Th cycle) and of minimizing actinides radiotoxicity and volume of actinides. In this paper particularly the last item is investigated. Symbiotic fuel cycles of LWR and HTR can reach much better waste minimization performances. It happens because of the specific features of HTRs cores that leads to an ultra-high burnup and, last but not least, the ability to accommodate a wide variety of mixtures of fissile and fertile materials without any significant modification of the core design. This property is due to a decoupling between the parameters of cooling geometry and of neutronic optimization. In our calculations we considered a pebble-bed HTR using a Pu-based fuel (deriving from reprocessing of classical LWR fuel and/or weapons grade plutonium) at the maximum technological discharge burnup. As results, we find, at EOL (End Of Life), a relatively small amounts of residual Pu and MA produced in terms of quantities and of radiotoxicities. Furthermore we used in our calculations a different type of fuel based on a mixture of Pu and Th to try to optimize the previous results and to increase energy availability. Calculations have been done using MCNP-based burnup codes, capable of treating 3-D complex geometry and ultra-high burnup.
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Brauer, Holger, Hendrik Lo¨bbe, and Michael Bick. "HFI-Welded Pipes: Where Are the Limits?" In 2010 8th International Pipeline Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2010-31233.
Full textAbstract:
The high frequency induction (HFI) method for production of longitudinally welded pipes was introduced in the early sixties. Initially HFI-welded pipes served more or less only as a low-cost product for standard applications without increased requirements. The growing demand for energy in North America, Europe and the Far East over the last decades has resulted in an increase in the exploration and exploitation of natural gas and oil resources in remote environments under aggravated conditions. This led to more demanding requirements on the mechanical-technological properties of the pipes. Additionally, an accelerated increase of safety awareness can be observed for operation of pipelines, in order to prevent environmental or population damage. Salzgitter Mannesmann Line Pipe GmbH (MLP) coped with the growing responsibilities by having optimized the HFI-welding process over the last decades, in order to produce top quality pipes suitable for practically all requirements. The modifications to this manufacturing process have resulted in a smaller scatter in geometrical pipe parameters and in optimisation of the relevant mechanical-technological properties. This led to HFI-welded pipes which, besides the aspect of lower cost, now offer several further advantages, compared to seamless pipes or SAW-pipes, and enables the use for economical and safe applications. The present paper deals with the compliance of the progressive application requirements, using HFI-welded pipes from Salzgitter Mannesmann Line Pipe works. It will be focussed on the increased production capabilities and mechanical-technological properties of diameters up to 24″ (610.0 mm) and 1″ (25.4 mm) wall thickness, as well as higher API 5L and 5CT grades up to X70M for sour-service and weldable P110, respectively. As there is also an increasing tendency to use steel pipes for structural applications which require an enhanced spectrum of dimensions in recent years, the paper will provide details of the upgraded product portfolio for structural hollow sections (circular, square and rectangular) at MLP.
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Bayrak Kök, Sabahat, and İbrahim Aksel. "Stance against Quantitative Success Descriptive in Professional Life: Virtue Ethics Approach." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c07.01516.
Full textAbstract:
We argue that capitalist model in society and its success criteria as benefit and profit maximizations have been under heavy attacks these days. The argument in the center of the discussion in this paper is about there being serious distress in moral and socio-cultural indicators, though relatively rise in economical growth indicators. Thus, we argue that global economy suffers deepest moral crisis in line with the proportional shares that governments, international companies, big or small enterprises and their owners bear upon. Among the signs of this moral collapse, we point for unhealthy products to general health, unfair competitive actions, illusive commercials, price-quality inequalities, labor exploitations, bribery scandals and also environmental ruins around. In this point the sole solution for increase in societal trust of social and economical actors is, in our side, clear to take moral principles and standards as a reference. We argue that benefit, or profit maximization based approaches focusing on material gaining in professional life do not provide effective motivations. Rather approaches that putting internal character development forward and aiming good internal mood based on virtue should be placed in professional life. We see virtue based moral approach as a novel formula for regaining humanity where there are increasing rates of uncertainty and distrust. This study aims to show that commercial and economical activities could not be designed as exempted from moral codes and motives, rather it insists on that some notions as character, and virtue should be in heart in place of responsibility, duty, or benefit.
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Zhang, Xiao Li. "Reheating Treatment of X100 Bend Pipe Steel." In ASME 2012 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2012-78849.
Full textAbstract:
Oil gas is the most clean fuel. Till 2020, the requirement of oil gas will increase 104%, but consumers are mainly live in developed cities, and oil and gas resources are located in ice field, hungriness, ocean and polar place. That is, the undeveloped resources are remote from the cities. It means, long distance transportation of gas is needed and higher grade pipeline steels must be developed. The second west-east gas project in china will use X80 grade steel in whole line, and as the exploitation of oil and gas resources have been diverted to outlying districts, and the need of high transport pressure for increasing gas delivery efficiency, the X100 pipe line steel will be mostly used before long. In this paper, the changes of micro structure and property after reheating treatment of X100 are discussed. This work will be helpful for future use of X100 bend pipes. The study has shown that for X100 steel which contains banite micro structure with dispersed residual austenite and Fe3C phase. The micro structure is the most homogenous when tempered at 550°C. When reheating regime is quenching from 950°C and tempering at 550°C, the microstruecture is B+PF+ P and the hardness of these steels matches with pipe. The fractotraph showed that these samples has adequate dimples in pars fibrosa, radiation area and shear zone, respectively, at −20°C. This indicates that when X100 pipe steels are reheattreated with this technique, it could gain right toughness.