Relevant bibliographies by topics / Incongruenza

Academic literature on the topic 'Incongruenza'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 1 April 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Incongruenza"

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Mishima, Mizuho, Kazuki Hayashida, Yoshiki Fukasaku, Rento Ogata, Kazuki Ohsawa, Ken Iwai, Wen Wen, and Shu Morioka. "Adaptability of the Sense of Agency in Healthy Young Adults in Sensorimotor Tasks for a Short Term." Behavioral Sciences 13, no. 2 (February 5, 2023): 132. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bs13020132.

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Sense of agency (SoA) refers to the subjective feeling of controlling one’s own actions and sensory feedback. The SoA occurs when the predicted feedback matches the actual sensory feedback and is responsible for maintaining behavioral comfort. However, sensorimotor deficits because of illness cause incongruence between prediction and feedback, so the patient loses comfort during actions. Discomfort with actions associated with incongruence may continue robustly (i.e., “not” adaptable) throughout life because of the aftereffects of the disease. However, it is unclear how the SoA modulates when incongruency is experienced, even for a short term. The purpose of this study was to investigate the adaptability of the SoA in healthy participants in sensorimotor tasks for a short term. Participants were divided into congruent and incongruent exposure groups. The experimental task of manipulating the ratio of the self-control of a PC cursor was used to measure the SoA before and after exposure to congruent or incongruent stimuli. The results showed no significant differences between the groups before and after exposure for a short term. The finding that the SoA was not adaptable may assist in guiding the direction of future studies on how to correct incongruence.
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Roussel, Nathalie Anne, Margot De Kooning, Jo Nijs, Patrick Cras, Kristien Wouters, and Liesbeth Daenen. "The Role of Sensorimotor Incongruence in Pain in Professional Dancers." Motor Control 19, no. 4 (October 2015): 271–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijsnem.2013-0074.

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This study evaluated whether dancers with pain experience more sensory changes during an experimentally induced sensorimotor incongruent task and explored the relationship between sensorimotor incongruence and self-reported measures (e.g., Short Form 36-questionnaire (SF-36), psychosocial variables and physical activity). Forty-four dancers were subjected to a bimanual coordination test simulating sensorimotor incongruence (i.e., performing congruent and incongruent arm movements while viewing a whiteboard or mirror) and completed standardized questionnaires. Significantly more dancers experienced sensory changes during the performance of incongruent movements while viewing a mirror (p < .01), but the intensity of the reported sensations was very low. No differences were observed between dancers with and without baseline pain, but significant negative associations were found between sensorimotor incongruence and subscores of the SF-36. Sensorimotor incongruence can provoke small sensory changes in dancers but appears unrelated to baseline pain symptoms. Sensorimotor incongruence appears to be related to quality of life.
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Appelbaum, L. Gregory, C. Nicolas Boehler, Lauren A. Davis, Robert J. Won, and Marty G. Woldorff. "The Dynamics of Proactive and Reactive Cognitive Control Processes in the Human Brain." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 26, no. 5 (May 2014): 1021–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_00542.

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In this study, we leveraged the high temporal resolution of EEG to examine the neural mechanisms underlying the flexible regulation of cognitive control that unfolds over different timescales. We measured behavioral and neural effects of color–word incongruency, as different groups of participants performed three different versions of color–word Stroop tasks in which the relative timing of the color and word features varied from trial to trial. For this purpose, we used a standard Stroop color identification task with equal congruent-to-incongruent proportions (50%/50%), along with two versions of the “Reverse Stroop” word identification tasks, for which we manipulated the incongruency proportion (50%/50% and 80%/20%). Two canonical ERP markers of neural processing of stimulus incongruency, the frontocentral negative polarity incongruency wave (NINC) and the late positive component (LPC), were evoked across the various conditions. Results indicated that color–word incongruency interacted with the relative feature timing, producing greater neural and behavioral effects when the task-irrelevant stimulus preceded the target, but still significant effects when it followed. Additionally, both behavioral and neural incongruency effects were reduced by nearly half in the word identification task (Reverse Stroop 50/50) relative to the color identification task (Stroop 50/50), with these effects essentially fully recovering when incongruent trials appeared only infrequently (Reverse Stroop 80/20). Across the conditions, NINC amplitudes closely paralleled RTs, indicating this component is sensitive to the overall level of stimulus conflict. In contrast, LPC amplitudes were largest with infrequent incongruent trials, suggesting a possible readjustment role when proactive control is reduced. These findings thus unveil distinct control mechanisms that unfold over time in response to conflicting stimulus input under different contexts.
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Obhi, Sukhvinder S., and Melvyn A. Goodale. "Bimanual Interference in Rapid Discrete Movements Is Task Specific and Occurs at Multiple Levels of Processing." Journal of Neurophysiology 94, no. 3 (September 2005): 1861–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00320.2005.

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It has been suggested that interference in symbolically cued bimanual reaction time tasks is caused primarily by the perceptual processing of stimuli and not by motor preparation of the required movements. Here subjects made movements of the right and left index fingers that varied in their spatial and motor congruence. Spatial congruence was manipulated by presenting symbolic cues (i.e., pairs of letters) on a computer screen cueing the required movement directions. Motor congruence was manipulated by altering hand orientation. Results showed that interference occurs at both the stage of stimulus processing and the stage of motor preparation. These effects were reflected in the latencies of the different bimanual movements with both motor incongruence and spatial incongruence causing significant increases in reaction time. However, spatially incongruent movements that were made in response to incongruent visual cues demonstrated changes in reaction time that were more than double those of movements that required simultaneous activation of nonhomologous muscles. Therefore in symbolically cued bimanual reaction-time tasks, although both motor and spatial constraints operate, there is a clear dominance of spatial incongruence on performance. While motor congruence effects are likely due to cross-facilitation in corticospinal pathways, spatial incongruence effects are probably due to interference between the mechanisms that identify incongruent stimuli and translate these cues into the appropriate movements.
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Donohue, Sarah E., Alexandra E. Todisco, and Marty G. Woldorff. "The Rapid Distraction of Attentional Resources toward the Source of Incongruent Stimulus Input during Multisensory Conflict." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 25, no. 4 (April 2013): 623–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_00336.

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Neuroimaging work on multisensory conflict suggests that the relevant modality receives enhanced processing in the face of incongruency. However, the degree of stimulus processing in the irrelevant modality and the temporal cascade of the attentional modulations in either the relevant or irrelevant modalities are unknown. Here, we employed an audiovisual conflict paradigm with a sensory probe in the task-irrelevant modality (vision) to gauge the attentional allocation to that modality. ERPs were recorded as participants attended to and discriminated spoken auditory letters while ignoring simultaneous bilateral visual letter stimuli that were either fully congruent, fully incongruent, or partially incongruent (one side incongruent, one congruent) with the auditory stimulation. Half of the audiovisual letter stimuli were followed 500–700 msec later by a bilateral visual probe stimulus. As expected, ERPs to the audiovisual stimuli showed an incongruency ERP effect (fully incongruent versus fully congruent) of an enhanced, centrally distributed, negative-polarity wave starting ∼250 msec. More critically here, the sensory ERP components to the visual probes were larger when they followed fully incongruent versus fully congruent multisensory stimuli, with these enhancements greatest on fully incongruent trials with the slowest RTs. In addition, on the slowest-response partially incongruent trials, the P2 sensory component to the visual probes was larger contralateral to the preceding incongruent visual stimulus. These data suggest that, in response to conflicting multisensory stimulus input, the initial cognitive effect is a capture of attention by the incongruent irrelevant-modality input, pulling neural processing resources toward that modality, resulting in rapid enhancement, rather than rapid suppression, of that input.
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Arbouw, Paula, Paul W. Ballantine, and Lucie K. Ozanne. "Sustainable brand image: an examination of ad–brand incongruence." Marketing Intelligence & Planning 37, no. 5 (August 5, 2019): 513–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mip-08-2018-0307.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine how consumer attitudes are affected by corporate brands that have newly adopted a sustainable brand image. Specifically, this paper examines consumer responses to ad–brand incongruity and tests whether two-sided messages yield greater acceptance of incongruence. Design/methodology/approach In total, 528 responses were collected via an online experiment using a 3×2 between-subjects factorial design which manipulated three levels of perceived ad–brand congruence (congruent, moderately incongruent and extremely incongruent) and two levels of message sidedness (one- and two-sided). Findings Results indicate that brand managers have to be careful not to create ad–brand incongruence after adopting new brand values and should avoid two-sided messages during this period. Originality/value This paper tests the use of two-sided messages as resolution hints for ad–brand incongruence and furthers the corporate branding literature incorporating sustainability.
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MacRitchie, Jennifer, Steffen A. Herff, Andrea Procopio, and Peter E. Keller. "Negotiating between individual and joint goals in ensemble musical performance." Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology 71, no. 7 (January 1, 2018): 1535–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17470218.2017.1339098.

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Successful joint action requires negotiation, especially in the event of goal incongruence. This article addresses goal incongruence in joint musical performance by manipulating the congruence of score instructions (congruent/incongruent) regarding tempo (speed) and dynamics (sound intensity) given to piano duos. The aim is to investigate how co-performers negotiate incongruent instructions for tempo and dynamics by balancing the prioritisation of individual goals versus the joint outcome and how this negotiation is modulated by musical expertise and personality (locus of control). In total, 14 pairs of pianists, who were not informed of the congruence manipulation, were placed back-to-back and were directed to achieve a successful performance over four repeated performances without verbal communication. Interpersonal coordination generally improved from the first to final performance in the congruent and incongruent conditions for both the tempo and dynamics tasks. Furthermore, in incongruent conditions, results suggest that performers prioritise the joint performance in the tempo task, but prioritise their own performance in the dynamics task. Although individual performance appears to be modulated by musical expertise, the balance of individual/joint performance across the duo is not influenced by musical part (melody vs accompaniment), expressive instruction, musical expertise or locus of control.
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Park, Jin Suk, and Mooweon Rhee. "Reputation Incongruence and the Preference of Stakeholder: Case of MBA Rankings." Behavioral Sciences 11, no. 1 (January 19, 2021): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bs11010010.

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In this paper, we examine the effect of an organization’s multi-dimensional reputation on the external stakeholders’ preference for an organization in the notions of reputation incongruence. We propose that an organization’s incongruent reputation, or large variations among the reputations of each dimension, can be an unfavorable signal to its stakeholders based on theoretical ideas that claim reputation incongruence induces the ambiguity and risk of an organization perceived by stakeholders. We also investigate the moderating effect of reputation incongruence by positing that this incongruence may nullify the influences of reputation dimensions on the preferences of stakeholders. These propositions about reputation incongruence are empirically examined in the context of MBA programs of the global business schools which have three dimensions of reputation—career development, globalization, and research performance.
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Morioka, Shu, Michihiro Osumi, Mari Okamoto, and Atsushi Matsuo. "Effects of Facial Expression and Language on Trustworthiness and Brain Activities." International Journal of Brain Science 2015 (June 7, 2015): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/719213.

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Social communication uses verbal and nonverbal language. We examined the degree of trust and brain activity when verbal and facial expressions are incongruent. Fourteen healthy volunteers viewed photographs of 8 people with pleasant (smile) or unpleasant expressions (disgust) alone or combined with a verbal [positive/negative] expression. As an index for degree of trust, subjects were asked to offer a donation when told that the person in the photograph was troubled financially. Positive emotions and degree of trust were evaluated using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). Event-related potentials (ERPs) were obtained at 170–240 ms after viewing the photographs. Brain activity during incongruent conditions was localized using standardized Low Resolution Brain Electromagnetic Tomography (sLORETA). VAS scores for positive × smile condition were significantly higher than those for the other conditions (p<0.05). The donation offered was significantly lower for incongruence between verbal and facial expressions, particularly for negative × smile condition. EEG showed more activity in the parietal lobe with incongruent than with congruent conditions. Incongruence [negative × smile] elicited the least positive emotion, degree of trust, and amount of offer. Our results indicate that incongruent sensory information increased activity in the parietal lobe, which may be a basis of mentalizing.
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Jørgensen, Henrik. "Incongruent pronominal case in the Swedish dialect of Västra Nyland (Finland)." Nordic Journal of Linguistics 35, no. 3 (December 2012): 251–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0332586513000073.

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This paper reports on field work conducted during 1994 in Västra Nyland (Finland) in order to obtain independent and current documentation of the incongruent case forms in the dialect, as reported by Lundström (1939). The data collected substantiated the existence of incongruent case forms in the dialect, but the actual use of such forms could not be traced any longer. Due to this, several details in the actual use of certain incongruency types could not be clarified. The loss of case incongruency in this dialect area raises the question of how a vernacular can change such a grammatical feature. According to Emonds (1986), such losses cannot be remedied, but this is exactly the case here. The changing status of a modern Scandinavian dialect seems to be the only way to explain this change.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Incongruenza"

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Rodríguez, Urrutia Amanda. "El rol de la incongruencia en la evaluación de pacientes hospitalizados con trastornos gastrointestinales." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/458640.

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Introducción: Es conocida la elevada psicopatología asociada a los diferentes subtipos de pacientes con trastornos gastrointestinales funcionales (TGF) y la dificultad para el gastroenterólogo para detectarla y manejarla, pudiendo generar diagnósticos digestivos tardíos y en ocasiones erróneos. Los trastornos de la motilidad gastrointestinal (TMG) han sido menos estudiados desde ésta perspectiva. Tener en cuenta la experiencia subjetiva del paciente en relación a su enfermedad en comparación con la evaluación del gastroenterólogo y el nivel de incongruencia entre los dos puede ser de utilidad en el abordaje de estos pacientes. Objetivos: Estudiar la psicopatología, la calidad de vida y los rasgos de personalidad en una muestra de pacientes ingresados para estudio de la motilidad digestiva en una unidad hospitalaria altamente especializada. Por otro lado, se investigó la incongruencia de la funcionalidad evaluada por clínicos y pacientes y su relación con la psicopatología. Metodología: La presente investigación se describe como un estudio observacional, transversal, de pacientes que ingresan en la unidad de hospitalización digestiva para estudio de la motilidad gastrointestinal. Durante dos años, se incluyeron en este estudio todos los pacientes hospitalizados para la evaluación de la función motora gastrointestinal en una unidad de patología digestiva altamente especializada, de un centro de referencia terciario. Se incluyeron un total de 103 pacientes y fueron evaluados por el psiquiatra en las primeras 72 horas posteriores a la admisión al hospital. Se llevó a cabo una entrevista clínica y se administraron las siguientes escalas autoaplicadas: HADS, SCL-90-R, TAS-20, SF-36 y NEO-FFI-R. A nivel digestivo se realizaron las pruebas de motilidad oportunas así como la administración del Karnofsky Performance Status Scale (KPS) para evaluar la funcionalidad. Se definió la variable incongruencia como la diferencia entre KPS y las subescalas de funcionamiento físico del SF-36 (ambos en rango 0-100). Resultados: No se detectaron diferencias destacables entre los dos grupos en relación a datos sociodemográficos, rasgos de personalidad ni psicopatología. Sin embargo, la correlación de la funcionalidad medida por el clínico con el funcionamiento físico subjetivo fue alta y estadísticamente significativa sólo en el caso de los pacientes diagnosticados de TMG. La incongruencia entre la evaluación clínica y subjetiva de la funcionalidad correlacionó con todas las subescalas del SCL-90R. Cuando estratificamos por grupo de diagnóstico digestivo, en el grupo de TGF todas las subescalas del SCL-90R correlacionaron con la incongruencia mientras que en el grupo de TMG sólo fue significativa la correlación con somatización. Los análisis de covarianza no mostraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en los niveles de psicopatología entre los grupos de diagnóstico digestivo al controlar por la incongruencia. En cambio, ésta última, mostró covariación estadísticamente significativa en todos los casos, por lo que la incongruencia mostró mayor capacidad predictiva de psicopatología que el diagnostico gastrointestinal per se. Usando modelos lineales generales, se encontró que la incongruencia era la variable con mayor relación con las variables psicopatológicas, incluso controlando por diagnóstico. Se encontraron interacciones entre la incongruencia y el diagnóstico digestivo (TMG vs. TGF), que refleja que los pacientes con TGF cuya evaluación subjetiva del funcionamiento es incongruente con la del clínico, tienen niveles más altos de psicopatología en comparación con pacientes afectos de TMG, en casi todos los casos independientemente de la incongruencia en estos últimos. Conclusiones: La psicopatología parece estar relacionada con las diferentes percepciones de la enfermedad que tienen clínicos y pacientes. La incongruencia del paciente y del clínico puede utilizarse como una herramienta simple de cribaje de psicopatología o distrés psicológico, especialmente entre los pacientes con trastornos gastrointestinales funcionales, facilitando los procesos de interconsulta psiquiátrica.
Introduction: Psychopathology is highly associated with different subtypes of patients diagnosed of functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGDs). It is known by the gastroenterologist’ the difficulty to detect and manage psychopathology, generating late and sometimes erroneous digestive diagnoses. Gastrointestinal motility disorders (GMDs) have been less studied from this perspective. Taking into account the subjective experience of the patient in relation to their disease, compared to the evaluation of the gastroenterologist and the level of incongruence between the two may be useful in the approach of these patients. Objectives: To study psychopathology, quality of life and personality traits of patients admitted for specialized assessment in an inpatient tertiary Digestive Unit. On the other hand, the incongruence of the functionality evaluated by clinicians and patients and its relation with psychopathology was investigated. Methods: The present research is described as an observational, cross-sectional study. We included all patients hospitalized for evaluation of gastrointestinal motor function in a highly specialized Digestive Unit based at a tertiary referral center during two years. A total of 103 patients were included and evaluated by the psychiatrist within 72 hours of admission to the hospital. A clinical interview was conducted and the following self-administered scales were used: HAD, SCL-90-R, TAS-20, SF-36 and NEO-FFI-R. Digestive diagnostic tests were performed; to evaluate the functionality Karnofsky Performance Status Scale (KPS) was used. The incongruence variable was defined as the difference between KPS and the physical performance subscales of the SF-36 (both in the 0-100 range). Results: There were no remarkable differences between the two groups in relation to sociodemographic data, personality traits or psychopathology. However, the correlation of the functionality measured by the clinician with the subjective physical functioning was high and statistically significant only in the case of patients diagnosed with GMDs. Incongruence between the clinicians’ and patients’ evaluation of functionality correlated with all SCL-90-R subscales. When stratified by digestive diagnosis group, all SCL-90-R subscales correlated with incongruence in the FGDs group, whereas only the correlation with somatization was statistically significant among patients with GMDs. Covariance analyses did not show statistically significant differences in the levels of psychopathology among the digestive diagnosis groups when controlling for incongruence. In contraposition, this incongruence data showed statistically significant covariation in all cases, so the incongruence showed a greater predictive capacity for psychopathology than gastrointestinal diagnosis per se. Using general linear models, it was found that incongruence was the variable with stronger relationships with psychopathological variables, even when controlled by diagnosis. Interactions between incongruence and digestive diagnosis were found (GMDs vs. FGDs), demonstrating that patients with FGDs whose subjective performance evaluation is inconsistent with that of the clinician, have higher levels of psychopathology compared to patients with GMDs, in most cases regardless of incongruence in the latter. Conclusions: Psychopathology seems to be related to the different perceptions of the disease that the clinicians and the patients have. Patient and clinician incongruence can be used as a simple screening tool for psychopathology or psychological distress, especially among patients with functional gastrointestinal disorders, facilitating psychiatric liaison consultations.
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Törn, Fredrik. "Challenging consistency : effects of brand-incongruent communications." Doctoral thesis, Handelshögskolan i Stockholm, Centrum för Konsumentmarknadsföring (CCM), 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hhs:diva-441.

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This is a thesis on how established brands can enhance their strength, interestingness, and vitality. A threat to contemporary established brands is that they may in fact be too well established to be interesting and stimulate curiosity among consumers. A managerial fixation in maintaining consistency in brand communications may have put a straitjacket onto advertising executions for established brands. Therefore, managers for established brands facing communication objectives of enhanced salience in memory, better top-of-mind awareness, and greater consumer interest in the brand, may need to devise communication strategies in ways which are different – and even considerably different – from what they used to execute in the past. This thesis examines one such way – communications which are incongruent with consumers' established brand associations. In this thesis, I seek to challenge the popular adage in maintaining consistency in brand communications, by examining effects of brand incongruent communications for established brands from a schema congruity theory perspective. I do this in a series of six articles, each highlighting different types of brand-incongruent communication elements and effects on consumer memory and evaluations. Whereas conventional advertising wisdom, as well as traditional literature on brand management, would discourage a conduct which goes against established brand associations, this thesis argues that – for established brands – the employment of communication executions which challenge existing brand associations may actually improve marketing communication effectiveness. The aim of this thesis is to spur insight among academics and practitioners into the advancement of established brands. I argue that methods, which are successful to build brand equity for new brands, may be less effective when the objective is to enhance brand equity and consumer interest in already well established brands. The results of the studies presented in this thesis imply that the popular tendency of embracing consistency in brand communications may have to be revisited since brand-incongruent communications can generate more attention, better memory of ads and brands, improve evaluations and purchase intentions, as well as enhance brand associations and brand interest.

Diss. Stockholm : Handelshögskolan, 2009 Sammanfattning jämte 6 uppsatser

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Törn, Fredrik. "Challenging consistency : effects of brand-incongruent communications /." Stockholm : Economic Research Institute, Stockholm School of Economics (EFI), 2009. http://www2.hhs.se/efi/summary/777.htm.

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Le, Roux Daniel Bartholomeus. "Incongruence and enactment in information systems : a sensemaking analysis." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/85663.

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Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2013.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: In the six decades since organisations rst adopted computer machinery to support their operations this form of technology has undergone rapid evolution. This evolution is characterised by both the advancement of the machines themselves and the expansion of their application in the organisational domain through the development of increasingly advanced software. A particularly in uential development for large enterprises has been the introduction of computerised Enterprise Resource Planning Systems (ERPs) and the popularisation of proprietary ERP packages. By integrating the feature sets of an increasingly wide range of business software applications ERPs enable organisations to satisfy a large part of their information processing requirements by adopting a single software artefact. This approach o ers numerous bene ts to adopters as it ensures the integration of information processing activities across organisational functions. However, the realisation of these bene ts depends upon the organisation's ability to achieve congruence between its own structures and those embedded in proprietary ERP packages. This includes, on one level, the management of the processes of adaptation through which organisational actors become accustomed to a new technology and, on another level, the con guration and alignment of the artefact with the organisation's operating procedures. Despite the popularity of ERP adoption the achievement of congruence in information systems is an illusive ideal for many organisations. Accordingly, many Information Systems (IS) scholars have researched the organisational, technical and social factors which obstruct congruence and the interventions proposed to counter these. A key nding following from these investigations is that, notwithstanding the implementation of countering interventions, organisations often need to continue operations while experiencing some degree of incongruence or mis t in their information systems. The research performed in this study advances knowledge about this phenomenon by investigating the implications of incongruence for the behaviour of users of proprietary ERPs in organisations. Weickean Sensemaking Theory is adopted as conceptual framework to enable the investigation of instances of incongruence as events experienced by users in the context of their work environments. The theory dictates that users, rather than passively adopting the impositions of software artefacts, en- act information systems in unpredictable ways based on subjective and shared processes of sensemaking. An empirical investigation is performed and takes the form of a single, cross-sectional case study in which a variety of data collection techniques are utilised. The data sources are analysed and triangulated to trace the relationship between experiences of incongruence and patterns of information systems enactment among the user community. The ndings of the study reveal that experiences of incongruence cultivate knowledge sharing among a user community, a process which aligns their beliefs about the nature, role and use of a technology in an organisation. Furthermore, experiences of incongruence encourage users to augment designed technologies through the development informal information processing activities and alternative work ows. These forms of behaviour, while resolving users' experiences incongruence, lead to variance between the designed technology and the enacted technology creating various risks for the integrity of the organisation's business processes.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: In die ses dekades sedert organisasies rekenaar masjinerie begin toepas het om hul bedrywighede te ondersteun, het hierdie vorm van tegnologie dramatiese ontwikkeling ondergaan. Hierdie ontwikkeling word gekenmerk deur beide die bevordering van die masjiene self, asook die uitbreiding van hul toepassings in die organisatoriese domein deur die ontwikkeling van meer gevorderde sagteware. 'n Besonder invloedryke ontwikkeling vir groot ondernemings was die bekendstelling van gerekenariseerde Enterprise Resource Plan- ning Systems (ERPs) en die popularisering van kommersiële ERP pakkette. Deur die integrasie van 'n toenemend wye verskeidenheid funksionaliteit stel ERPs organisasies in staat om 'n groot deel van hul inligting verwerking vereistes deur die aanneming van 'n enkele sagteware produk te dek - 'n benadering wat talle voordele bied aangesien dit die integrasie van inligting verwerking tussen organisatoriese funksies verseker. Die verwesenliking van hierdie voordele is egter afhanklik van die organisasie se vermoë om kongruensie tussen sy eie strukture en die van ERP pakkette te bewerkstelling. Dit sluit die bestuur van prosesse waartydens organisatoriese akteurs aanpas by 'n nuwe tegnologie in, asook die kon gurasie van die pakket om belyning met die organisasie se operasionele prosedures te verseker. Ten spyte van die gewildheid van ERPs is die bereiking van kongruensie in inligtingstelsels 'n ontwykende ideaal vir baie organisasies. Gevolglik word die organisatoriese, tegniese en sosiale faktore wat kongruensie belemmer gereeld deur Information Systems (IS) akademici ondersoek. 'n Prominenete bevinding wat uit hierdie navorsing voortspruit is dat organisasies dikwels hul werk moet voortsit ten spyte van inkongruensie in hul inligtingstelsels. In hierdie studie word die bovermelde fenomeen verder ondersoek deur die implikasies van inkongruensie vir die gedrag van gebruikers van kommersiële ERP pakkette te ondersoek. Weick se Sensemaking teorie word toegepas as konseptuele raamwerk om gevalle van inkongruensie as gebeure wat deur gebruikers ervaar word te ondersoek. Die teorie bepaal dat die gebruikers nie bloot rekenaarstelsels aanvaar nie, maar dit op onvoorspelbare maniere enact op grond van subjektiewe en gedeelde prosesse van singewing. 'n Gevallestudie word uitgevoer waarin 'n verskeidenheid data-insamelingstegnieke gebruik word. Die databronne word ontleed en kruisvalidasie word gedoen om die verhouding tussen ervarings van inkongruensie en patrone van gedrag binne inligtingstelsels te beskryf. Die bevindinge van die studie dui daarop dat ervarings van inkongruensie die deel van kennis binne 'n gebruikersgemeenskap tot gevolg het. Hierdie proses belyn gebruikers se verwysingsraamwerke oor die aard, rol en gebruik van 'n tegnologie in 'n organisasie. Verder word bevind dat gebruikers, agv ervarings van inkongruensie, 'n tegnologie uitbrei dmv die ontwikkeling van informele inligting verwerkingstegnieke en alternatiewe werksprosesse. Hierdie gedrag stel gebruikers in staat om inkongruensie te oorkom, maar lei tot variansie tussen die ontwerpte tegnologie en die toepassing daarvan binne die organisasie. Dit hou verskeie risiko's vir die integriteit van die organisasie se besigheidsprosesse in.
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Bluteau, Marie-Claude. "The incongruent dissolution of scorodite-solubilities, kinetics and mechanisms /." Thesis, McGill University, 2005. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=82470.

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This thesis reports the results of an investigation of scorodite long-term solubility and stability conducted at fixed pH (5-9) and temperature (22°C, 50°C and 75°C). The decomposition of scorodite at 22°C was found to be extremely slow. At neutral pH, the arsenic concentration stabilized at 5.8 mg/L. As scorodite dissolved, the iron reprecipitated as 2-line ferrihydrite. The growth and re-crystallization of ferrihydrite was delayed by apparent arsenate adsorption. The solubility product of scorodite was calculated as 10-25.5. The dissolution rate of scorodite in a pure system was modeled with a decreasing exponential equation. The pre-exponential factor approached first order vis-a-vis OH- concentration and the activation energy suggested that scorodite dissolution is chemically controlled. A thermodynamic investigation indicated that the stability field of scorodite extends up to pH 6.75 for a molality of the aqueous species of 6.7x10 -5 (5 mg/L As) when in equilibrium with ferrihydrite but only up to pH 2.3 when in equilibrium with goethite. The presence of gypsum led to lower arsenic concentrations; this was attributed to the formation of calcium-iron-arsenate compounds, such as yukonite (Ca2Fe3(AsO4) 4(OH)·12H2O).
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Núñez, Peña María Isabel. "Análisis del componente N400: estudio de diferentes formas de incongruencia." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/670509.

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A finales de los años 80 y principios de los 90, un grupo de investigadores del departamento de Metodología de las Ciencias del Comportamiento de la Universidad de Barcelona elaboró varios trabajos en el campo de la Neurociencia Cognitiva (Cosculluela, 1992; Honrubia, 1989; Salafranca, 1991; Solanas, 1990; y, Turbany, 1992). Nuestro estudio pretende dar continuidad a aquellos trabajos y, en concreto, enlaza con la tesis de la Dra. Honrubia. Una de las preguntas que lanzó en su trabajo es la que originaría años después éste: ¿Es el N400 un indicador del procesamiento del lenguaje o, por el contrario, es un indicador de desapareamiento general? Hasta el año 1989, fecha en que la Dra. Honrubia defendió su tesis, se habían publicado varios artículos sobre el componente N400. Mientras que un grupo, liderado por los descubridores de este componente -Hillyard y Kutas-, lo concebía como un indicador específico del procesamiento lingüístico, otros investigadores habían obtenido ondas negativas equiparables al componente N400 ante incongruencias en tareas no lingüísticas. En definitiva, el problema estaba servido y era necesario intentar delimitar y precisar la naturaleza de este componente. En definitiva, el objeto de esta tesis es estudiar la posible especificidad del componente N400. En las páginas siguientes profundizaremos en la polémica e intentaremos echar un poco de luz sobre su origen. Daremos comienzo a la exposición ofreciendo al lector un breve capítulo introductorio al tema de los potenciales evocados. Después presentaremos, ahora sí con detalle, la evolución histórica de la aparición en la literatura científica del componente N400 desde su descubrimiento, en 1980, hasta la actualidad. Comprobaremos cómo a pesar de tratarse de un componente cuyo descubrimiento es relativamente reciente, la producción científica (tanto en trabajos de investigación como en reflexión teórica) que ha originado alcanza un volumen considerable.
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Rea, Alethea. "Statistical approaches to phylogenetic networks, recombination and testing of incongruence." Thesis, University of Auckland, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2292/6762.

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Phylogenetics is the study of relationships between species using Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid (DNA). This thesis takes a statistical approach to two phenomenon which violate the assumption that evolution is treelike, and examines ways of visualising non-treelike signal. We use networks to display phylogenetic signal as they are robust and capable of displaying uncertainty. Phylogenetic network inference involves estimating discrete (topology) and continuous (branch length) parameters. One particular class of phylogenetic networks, split networks, can be viewed as points in Euclidean space of high dimension. In theory, then, phylogenetic analysis become a problem of inferring simple real valued parameters. In this thesis we report on our experiences turning this theory into practice. We use the Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) approach to regression in the first instance and then extend the LASSO to a partial LASSO. Within genes, phenomena like recombination (combining genetic material from more than one source) leads to non-treelike evolutionary histories. We introduce two methods for estimating the location of a recombination event. The first method is based on detecting a regime shift in the presence of recombination and the second method models the signal in each pair of DNA sites. Even if each gene has a treelike evolutionary history, the histories may not be shared. Therefore, we developed an approach to constructing a confidence set of topologies for a set of genes. If this set is empty then the genes do not share an evolutionary history. We conclude that the new statistical approaches to these phenomena, developed here, can give further insight into an evolutionary history
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Cameron, C. M. "Mood congruence and incongruence : effects of mood manipulation and personality." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.597240.

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Recent results in the area of mood and memory have highlighted the limits of simple models of mood effects put forward in the 1980's [e.g. Bower, 1981]. One set of studies of which illustrates results that cannot easily be accommodated by such simple approaches is the finding of mood incongruence by Parrott & Sabini [1990]. This thesis investigated how mood and personality affect the recall of emotional material, initially replicating a study of Parrott & Sabini [1990] and extending this work by looking at recall of semantic material under similar conditions using the self referent encoding paradigm (SRE) [Rogers, Kuipers & Kirker, 1997]. Two types of material were studied - autobiographical memories and adjectives previously rated for self reference - each being investigated following a covert musical mood induction procedure (MIP), an overt musical MIP or in the absence of a prior mood change. The effects of the personality traits of repression, neuroticism and extraversion on these two memory tasks were also studied. It was found that mood effects on memory vary with the type of memory being recalled. For both autobiographical memories and self-referent adjectives, overall recall following an overt MIP produced mood congruity, while no effects were found for initial recall. However, where the MIP used was covert, recall of the initial autobiographical memory showed 'mood incongruity' (an effect limited to non-repressors), while mood congruity was found for the initial adjective recalled in the SRE study. Examination of personality traits on mood effects revealed a number of interesting effects. In general repressors showed a tendency to avoid recalling negative material in the absence of a mood change, and showed some evidence of a lack of mood effects on both memory tasks following the overt MIP.
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Jones, Owen Anthony. "The sources of goal incongruence in a public service network." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2013. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/57423/.

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Goal incongruence, both within organisations and between organisations operating in a network context, has long been acknowledged as an important influence on organisational behaviour. This work presents the findings from an ethnographic study of goal incongruence in a public service network located in the UK. The study develops a conceptual framework for defining and researching the extent and sources of goal incongruence within public service networks. The author defines incongruence as contradiction between goals, draws evidence from organizationally enacted behaviours and recognises distinctions between formal goals and the operative goals of network groups. Empirical evidence is used to evaluate two explanations of goal incongruence: that goal incongruence is produced by the nature of bureaucratic delegation (the hierarchical model) and that it is produced by professional difference (the horizontal model). The findings of the study indicate that bureaucratic delegation is the source of goal incongruence. However, several elements of the hierarchical model are questioned. The evidence does not support the orthodox view that incongruence between formal and operative goals increases as conceptions of desired ends are transmitted downward within hierarchies. The study finds that the operative goals of actors at the apex of the network were most highly incongruent with the formal goals of the network. Professional difference was not a source of goal incongruence. Indeed the study provided evidence that operational staff who exhibited different professional identities co-operated to integrate practice and reduce goal-incongruence. The study concludes that the application of the novel conceptual framework provides a more selective, detailed and convincing account of goal incongruence than those found in the recent literature. The sources of goal incongruence were hierarchical elites putting the resources of the network to their own purposes as social agents and hierarchically imposed systems of organisational obligation and performance control. Finally, the study suggests that evidence for interprofessional integration indicates that the role of peer groups in moderating goal incongruence is under-represented in theoretical and empirical accounts of goal incongruence.
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Renk, Pamela J. "Self-report and behavioral reactions to male sex-role incongruency." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1986. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/354.

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Books on the topic "Incongruenza"

1

El incongruente. Barcelona: Blackie Books, 2010.

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Rincón, Pilar. Incongruencia o desafío. México: Ediciones Casa Juan Pablos, 2000.

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Malan, Diogo Rudge. A sentença incongruente no processo penal. Rio de Janeiro: Editora Lumen Juris, 2003.

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Ireland, David. Identifying and Interpreting Incongruent Film Music. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-00506-1.

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Sheaffer, Zachary. Organisational goals: The incongruence between organisational objectives and their realisation by kibbutzim. Haifa: University of Haifa Kibbutz Research centre, 1995.

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Kumar, Sinha Piyush, and Institute of Rural Management (Ānand, India), eds. An investigation of incongruency and distraction hypothesis: The context of dubbed TV commercials. Ahmedabad: Indian Institute of Management, 2008.

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James, Van Cleve, and Frederick Robert, eds. The Philosophy of right and left: Incongruent counterparts and the nature of space. Dordrecht [Netherlands]: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1991.

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Spray, Judith A. Performance of the Mantel-Haenszel statistic and the standardized difference in proportions correct when population ability distributions are incongruent. Iowa City, Iowa: American College Testing Program, 1992.

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Spray, Judith A. Performance of the Mantel-Haenszel statistic and the standardized difference in proportions correct when population ability distributions are incongruent. Iowa City, Iowa: American College Testing Program, 1992.

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G, Liz. Incongruente. Independently Published, 2019.

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Book chapters on the topic "Incongruenza"

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Elaut, Els, and Gunter Heylens. "Gender Incongruence." In Psychiatry and Sexual Medicine, 417–35. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-52298-8_28.

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Walker, Ralph. "Incongruent Counterparts." In The Philosophy of Right and Left, 187–94. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3736-2_16.

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Cuffe, James B. "Incongruent dreams." In China at a Threshold, 87–103. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY: Routledge, 2020. | Series: Contemporary liminality: Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315183220-7.

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Oh, Yoon Jeong. "Incongruent Reflections." In The Routledge Companion to Korean Literature, 187–98. New York: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429328411-20.

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Worth, Piers, and Carmel Proctor. "Congruence/Incongruence (Rogers)." In Encyclopedia of Personality and Individual Differences, 838–40. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-24612-3_1460.

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Pajdla, Tomáš, Michal Havlena, and Jan Heller. "Learning from Incongruence." In Detection and Identification of Rare Audiovisual Cues, 119–27. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-24034-8_10.

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Worth, Piers, and Carmel Proctor. "Congruence/Incongruence (Rogers)." In Encyclopedia of Personality and Individual Differences, 1–3. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-28099-8_1460-1.

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Yazdani, Farzaneh, and Niayesh Fekri. "Identifying Incongruence/Gap, Disharmony." In Occupational Wholeness for Health and Wellbeing, 50–61. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003034759-4.

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Cook, L. P., W. Wong-Ng, and Z. Yang. "Incongruent Vaporization of AgNbO3." In Ceramic Transactions Series, 195–206. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118408476.ch19.

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Harper, William. "Kant on Incongruent Counterparts." In The Philosophy of Right and Left, 263–313. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3736-2_21.

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Conference papers on the topic "Incongruenza"

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Luff, Paul K., Naomi Yamashita, Hideaki Kuzuoka, and Christian Heath. "Flexible Ecologies And Incongruent Locations." In CHI '15: CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2702123.2702286.

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Chiu, I., and L. H. Shu. "Effects of Dichotomous Lexical Stimuli in Concept Generation." In ASME 2008 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2008-49372.

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The relationship between language and reasoning motivates us to study the use of language within engineering design. This paper describes our continued investigation of language as stimuli for concept generation. Specifically we investigate dichotomous lexical stimuli that are related to the problem in either a disagreeing, incongruent manner or in an agreeing, congruent manner. This is a follow-up investigation where we extend previous experiments to include both congruent and incongruent stimuli to enable comparison of differences between designer behavior and concepts. A between-subjects think-aloud experiment was performed where participants were presented with a problem and asked to generate concepts to address the problem. Half the participants were provided with incongruent stimuli and the remaining were provided with congruent stimuli. Participants provided with incongruent stimuli used the stimulus words as verbs more often than the participants provided with congruent stimuli. Verbs possess several properties desirable for use as design stimuli including the increased introduction of new lexicalized concepts to the concept generation process. When two independent raters scored the concepts, there was a positive correlation between the raters that concepts developed with incongruent stimuli were more novel. Understanding the effects of different lexical stimulus types on concept generation contributes to the development of design support tools that exploit the relationship between language and reasoning to increase design novelty.
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Makovetskii, Artyom, Sergei Voronin, Vitaly Kober, and Alexei Voronin. "Registration algorithm for incongruent point clouds." In 2022 VIII International Conference on Information Technology and Nanotechnology (ITNT). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/itnt55410.2022.9848569.

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Li, Zhifeng, Yu Hong, Yuchen Pan, Jian Tang, Jianmin Yao, and Guodong Zhou. "Feature-level Incongruence Reduction for Multimodal Translation." In Proceedings of the Second Workshop on Advances in Language and Vision Research. Stroudsburg, PA, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18653/v1/2021.alvr-1.1.

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Kittler, J., and C. Zor. "A measure of surprise for incongruence detection." In 2nd IET International Conference on Intelligent Signal Processing 2015 (ISP). Institution of Engineering and Technology, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/cp.2015.1770.

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Porzsolt, Franz, Felicitas Wiedemann, Karen Schmaling, and Robert Kaplan. "25 The risk of imprecise terminology: incongruent results of clinical trials and incongruent recommendations in clinical guidelines." In EBM Live Abstracts, July 2019, Oxford, UK. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjebm-2019-ebmlive.33.

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Spirina, Anna A., and Nataliya L. Shwartz. "Annealing Kinetics of GaAs under Incongruent Evaporation Conditions." In 2020 21st International Conference of Young Specialists on Micro/Nanotechnologies and Electron Devices (EDM). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/edm49804.2020.9153347.

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MacNeal, Richard. "Incongruent Interfaces in Three-Dimensional Finite Element Models." In 44th AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ASC Structures, Structural Dynamics, and Materials Conference. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2003-1449.

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Pham, A., J. Lefaucheur, G. Lutts, B. Chai, and J. Nicholls. "Incongruent Melting Fluoride Crystals as New Laser Hosts." In Advanced Solid State Lasers. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/assl.1993.lm1.

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Cooper, Joel R., Matthew M. Wernke, and Kyle B. Reed. "The effects of incongruent feedback on bimanual task performance." In 2012 IEEE Haptics Symposium (HAPTICS). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/haptic.2012.6183806.

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Reports on the topic "Incongruenza"

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Neale, Linda. A Validation Study of the Family Environment Scale: Family Incongruence Score. Portland State University Library, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.2690.

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Polonka, Jack. The incongruent melting and melt textured solidification process of Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10185082.

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Flores-Mayorga, Marco-Tulio, and Antonio Castillo-Esparcia. La incongruencia profesional de las competencias específicas en los planes de estudio de las Relaciones Públicas en México / The inconsistency of specific professional competences in the syllabuses of Public Relations in Mexico. Revista Internacional de Relaciones Públicas, December 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5783/rirp-16-2018-09-151-170.

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Desbarats, A. J., and J. B. Percival. Hydrogeochemistry of mine tailings from a carbonatite-hosted Nb-REE deposit, Oka, Quebec, Canada. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/331256.

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Environmental impacts associated with the mining of carbonatite deposits are an emerging concern due to the demand for critical metals. This study investigates the chemistry of tailings seepage at the former Saint Lawrence Columbium mine near Oka, Québec, Canada, which produced pyrochlore concentrate and ferroniobium from a carbonatite-hosted Nb-REE deposit. Its objectives are to characterize the mineralogy of the tailings and their pore water and effluent chemistries. Geochemical mass balance modeling, constrained by aqueous speciation modeling and mineralogy, is then used to identify reactions controlling the chemical evolution of pore water along its flow path through the tailings impoundment. The tailings are composed mainly of REE-enriched calcite (82 wt. %), biotite (12 wt. %) and fluorapatite (4 wt. %). Minor minerals include chlorite, pyrite, sphalerite, molybdenite and unrecovered pyrochlore. Secondary minerals include gypsum, barite and strontianite. Within the unsaturated zone, pore water chemistry is controlled by sulfide oxidation and calcite dissolution with acid neutralization. With increasing depth below the water table, pore water composition reflects gypsum dissolution followed by sulfate reduction and FeS precipitation driven by the oxidation of organic carbon in the tailings. Concomitantly, incongruent dissolution of biotite and chlorite releases K, Mg, Fe, Mn, Ba and F, forming kaolinite and Ca-smectite. Cation exchange reactions further remove Ca from solution, increasing concentrations of Na and K. Fluoride concentrations reach 23 mg/L and 8 mg/L in tailings pore water and effluent, respectively. At a pH of 8.3, Mo is highly mobile and reaches an average concentration of 83 µg/L in tailings effluent. Although U also forms mobile complexes, concentrations do not exceed 16 µg/L due to the low solubility of its pyrochlore host. Adsorption and the low solubility of pyrochlore limit concentrations of Nb to less than 49 µg/L. Cerium, from calcite dissolution, is strongly adsorbed although it reaches concentrations (unfiltered) in excess of 1 mg/L and 100 µg/L in pore water and effluent, respectively. Mine tailings from carbonatite deposits are enriched in a variety of incompatible elements with mineral hosts of varying reactivity. Some of these elements, such as F and Mo, may represent contaminants of concern because of their mobility in alkaline tailings waters.
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You might also be interested in the extended bibliographies on the topic 'Incongruenza' for particular source types:
Journal articles Dissertations / Theses Books
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