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Journal articles on the topic 'Incompatible elements'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 December 2022

Last updated: 28 January 2023

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1

Winkler, D. C., and M. L. Accorsi. "Incompatible finite elements for laminated structures." Finite Elements in Analysis and Design 27, no. 1 (September 1997): 133–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0168-874x(97)00010-3.

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2

Ørsted, Jeannette. "Quality and Efficiency: Incompatible Elements in Translation Practice?" Monde du travail 46, no. 2 (October 2, 2002): 438–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/003766ar.

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Abstract The aim of this article is to describe the quality assessment procedures in a large, national translation company. The company is more than ten years old, but the past five years' growth rates have been rapidly increasing. The growth in turnover can be attributed both to a high degree of customer loyalty based on a high level of efficiency and trust, and on high, well-defined and transparent quality standards. The company is based on the idea that translators should function in a working environment based on full-term employment. Consequently the increase in turnover has involved recruiting a large number of translators and support services in the IT-department. This is why quality assessment procedures are no longer an individual responsibility, but have become a corporate issue. Quality procedures must therefore be part of the daily routines and involve all aspects of the business. To understand the conditions of the translation market today, the author provides an overview of the market based on the ASSIM-study and information on the new economy. After that she presents the case of Translation House of Scandinavia and finally she discusses some of the possible quality assurance systems that are available today and are used by the translation industry.

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3

Changchun, Wu, Liu Xiaoyao, and T. H. H. Pian. "Incompressible-incompatible deformation modes and plastic finite elements." Computers & Structures 41, no. 3 (January 1991): 449–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0045-7949(91)90137-b.

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4

Tauson, V. L., B. A. Loginov, V. V. Akimov, and S. V. Lipko. "Nonautonomous phases as potential sources of incompatible elements." Doklady Earth Sciences 407, no. 1 (February 2006): 280–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1028334x06020292.

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5

Rokaya, Asmita, Gokhan Egilmez, and Jeongho Kim. "Incompatible Graded Finite Elements for Orthotropic Nonhomogeneous Media." KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering 24, no. 12 (September 25, 2020): 3835–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12205-020-0444-0.

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6

Ju, Sang-Baek, and Hyo-Chol Sin. "New incompatible four-noded axisymmetric elements with assumed strains." Computers & Structures 60, no. 2 (July 1996): 269–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0045-7949(95)00371-1.

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7

Matsunuma, Satoshi, Hiroyuki Kagi, Kazuki Komatsu, Koji Maruyama, and Toru Yoshino. "Doping Incompatible Elements into Calcite through Amorphous Calcium Carbonate." Crystal Growth & Design 14, no. 11 (October 21, 2014): 5344–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cg500953h.

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8

Gui, Hai Lian, Qing Xue Huang, Ya Qin Tian, and Zhi Bing Chu. "Application Incompatible Element in Mixed Fast Multipole Boundary Element Method." Key Engineering Materials 439-440 (June 2010): 80–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.439-440.80.

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Based on fast multipole boundary element method (FM-BEM) and mixed variational inequality, a new method named mixed fast multipole boundary element method (MFM-BEM) was presented in this paper. In order to improve calculation time and accuracy, incompatible elements as interpolation functions were used in the algorithm. Elements were optimized by mixed incompatible elements and compatible elements. On the one hand, the difficult to satisfy precise coordinate was avoided which caused by compatible elements; on the other hand, the merits of MFM-BEM were retained. Through analysis of example, it was conclusion that calculation time and accuracy were improved by MFM-BEM, calculation continuity was also better than traditional FM-BEM. With increasing of degree of freedom, calculation time of MFM-BEM grew slower than the time of traditional FM-BEM. So MFM-BEM provided a theoretical basis for solving large-scale engineering problems.

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9

Chang-Chun, Wu, Huang Mao-Guang, and Theodore H. H. Pian. "Consistency condition and convergence criteria of incompatible elements: General formulation of incompatible functions and its application." Computers & Structures 27, no. 5 (1987): 639–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0045-7949(87)90080-0.

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10

YANG, Kun, He-Cui ZHANG, Richard CONVERSE, Li-Quan ZHU, Yong-Jun YANG, Li-Yan XUE, Bing LUO, Deng-Long CHANG, Qi-Guo GAO, and Xiao-Jia WANG. "Interaction between Two Self-incompatible Signal Elements, EXO70A1 and ARC1." ACTA AGRONOMICA SINICA 37, no. 12 (January 3, 2012): 2136–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3724/sp.j.1006.2011.02136.

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11

YANG, Kun, He-Cui ZANG, Richard CONVERSE, Li-Quan ZHU, Yong-Jun YANG, Li-Yan XUE, Bing LUO, Deng-Long CHANG, Qi-Guo GAO, and Xiao-Jia WANG. "Interaction Between Two Self-Incompatible Signal Elements, EXO70A1 and ARC1." Acta Agronomica Sinica 37, no. 12 (December 2012): 2136–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1875-2780(11)60054-0.

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12

Suzuki, Kazuhiro. "Grain-boundary enrichment of incompatible elements in some mantle peridotites." Chemical Geology 63, no. 3-4 (August 1987): 319–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0009-2541(87)90169-0.

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13

Sestito, Angela. "Simultaneous Elements of Reality for Incompatible Properties by Exploiting Locality." Foundations of Physics 43, no. 2 (January 3, 2013): 271–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10701-012-9697-x.

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14

Winkler, David C., and Michael L. Accorsi. "Application of the patch test to incompatible laminated finite elements." International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 40, no. 22 (November 30, 1997): 4239–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-0207(19971130)40:22<4239::aid-nme258>3.0.co;2-a.

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15

Mattern, Steffen, Christoph Schmied, and Karl Schweizerhof. "Incompatible Modes for Volumetric Shell Elements in Explicit Time Integration." PAMM 12, no. 1 (December 2012): 181–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pamm.201210081.

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16

Wu, Changchun, and Y. K. Cheung. "Numerical stability and constitution analysis of λ-type incompatible elements." International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 31, no. 8 (June 1991): 1669–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620310814.

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17

JIAO, ZHAO-PING, THEODORE H. H. PIAN, and SHENG YONG. "A NEW FORMULATION OF ISOPARAMETRIC FINITE ELEMENTS AND THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN HYBRID STRESS ELEMENT AND INCOMPATIBLE ELEMENT." International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 40, no. 1 (January 15, 1997): 15–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-0207(19970115)40:1<15::aid-nme46>3.0.co;2-k.

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18

Birkenmajer, K., L. Francalanci, and A. Peccerillo. "Petrological and geochemical constraints on the genesis of Mesozoic–Cenozoic magmatism of King George Island, South Shetland Islands, Antarctica." Antarctic Science 3, no. 3 (September 1991): 293–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954102091000354.

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Petrological and geochemical data are reported for a series of Late Cretaceous-Middle Miocene volcanic, hypabyssal and intrusive rocks from King George Island (KGI) and from nearby Ridley Island, South Shetland Islands. Major element data indicate a calc-alkaline, basic to intermediate composition for the analysed samples. Although emplaced on a continental margin, the KGI rocks generally display low abundances of incompatible trace elements, close to those typically observed in calc-alkaline suites erupted in intraoceanic island arcs. A few samples have a significant negative Ce anomaly. Many incompatible elements define smooth positive trends on interelemental variation diagrams which suggests that magmas erupted at different times on KGI maintained a rather constant composition in terms of incompatible element ratios. Geochemical modelling, based on Sr isotope ratios and incompatible element ratios, suggests that the primary calc-alkaline magmas of KGI were all generated in an upper mantle modified by addition of small amounts of pelagic sediments dragged down by subduction processes.

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19

Hiraga, Takehiko, Ian M. Anderson, and David L. Kohlstedt. "Grain boundaries as reservoirs of incompatible elements in the Earth's mantle." Nature 427, no. 6976 (February 2004): 699–703. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature02259.

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20

Canil, Dante. "Mildly incompatible elements in peridotites and the origins of mantle lithosphere☆." Lithos 77, no. 1-4 (September 2004): 375–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.lithos.2004.04.014.

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21

Batoz, J. L., F. Hammadi, C. Zheng, and W. Zhong. "Formulation and evaluation of incompatible but convergent rational quadrilateral membrane elements." Structural Engineering and Mechanics 9, no. 2 (February 25, 2000): 153–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/sem.2000.9.2.153.

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22

Farges, Francois, and Georges Calas. "X.A.S. study of two incompatible elements (Zr,Th) in silicate glasses." Chemical Geology 70, no. 1-2 (August 1988): 87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0009-2541(88)90443-3.

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23

Jinjiang, Huang. "Petrogenetic significance of the covariance relationship between compatible and incompatible elements." Chinese Journal of Geochemistry 12, no. 4 (October 1993): 373–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02842023.

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24

Hacker, W. L., and H. L. Schreyer. "Eigenvalue analysis of compatible and incompatible rectangular four-node quadrilateral elements." International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 28, no. 3 (March 1989): 687–703. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620280315.

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25

Liu, Su Bing, Da Zhi Cao, and Zhi Hui Zhao. "The Study on 3D Incompatible Element in Flexible Multibody System Dynamics." Applied Mechanics and Materials 543-547 (March 2014): 1282–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.543-547.1282.

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In this study the performance of three-dimensional tetrahedron elements has been compared with the background of the simulation of Flexible Multibody System (FMBS). The standard linear tetrahedron element has the least number of nodes, however it has the locking problem. The standard quadratic element has shown precise result and robust performance in many applications, but its high nodes also means large computational time. The incompatible elements integrates the excellence of the linear and quadratic elements and its excellent performance in term of accuracy and time efficiency is presented.

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26

Cao, Da Zhi, Zhi Hua Zhao, Ge Xue Ren, and Hong Fu Qiang. "The 3D Incompatible Element Modeling of Flexible Body in Multibody System Dynamics." Advanced Materials Research 479-481 (February 2012): 818–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.479-481.818.

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An efficient 3D incompatible element for the simulation of Flexible Multibody System (FMBS) is derived based on the principle of virtual work and the theory of continuum mechanics. The presented incompatible element uses absolute coordinates and internal parameters for the degrees of freedom and fixed the locking problem under the state of pure bending. Considering the geometric nonlinearities and using the Total Lagrangian Formulation, system dynamic equations are derived and then solved by the Backward Difference Formula (BDF) in conjunction with Newton-Raphson algorithm. Eigenvalue analysis and dynamic analysis of several numerical examples are presented to show the convergence of the 3D incompatible element and excellent performance in terms of accuracy and time efficiency comparing with standard linear and quadratic hexahedral elements.

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27

Fung, Mark K., Katharine A. Downes, and Ira A. Shulman. "Transfusion of Platelets Containing ABO-Incompatible Plasma: A Survey of 3156 North American Laboratories." Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 131, no. 6 (June 1, 2007): 909–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/2007-131-909-topcap.

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Abstract Context.—Hemolytic transfusion reactions due to platelet transfusions containing ABO-incompatible plasma (ie, group O platelets into a non–group O patient) have been reported in the literature. However, limited data describe the extent to which transfusion services manage such platelet transfusions or the methods used to limit the risk of such reactions. Objective.—To determine transfusion services' current practices regarding the use of platelets containing ABO-incompatible plasma. Design.—In a College of American Pathologists' Transfusion Medicine Proficiency Testing Survey, supplemental questions asked participants whether a policy existed for the use of platelets containing ABO-incompatible plasma and, if a policy existed, what elements were part of the policy. Results.—Of 3156 laboratories that transfused platelets, 3152 responded to the question of whether they had a policy. Of these respondents, 83% (n = 2623) had a policy. One or more elements were reported for transfusions in adults: only ABO-compatible plasma products (n = 1363); only ABO-compatible plasma and platelet products (n = 679); notification of medical director (n = 646); notification of ordering physician (n = 637); volume limit of ABO-incompatible plasma allowed (n = 255); volume-reduction of ABO-incompatible products (n = 168); screening for critical titer of anti-A or anti-B (n = 53). A total of 529 laboratories indicated that they did not have a policy. Conclusions.—A majority of laboratories have a policy, but most do not include a method to limit the risk of hemolysis if platelets containing ABO-incompatible plasma must be transfused. When such platelets are used, there does not appear to be consensus on a specific method to minimize the transfusion of anti-A or anti-B.

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28

Emo, Robert B., and Balz S. Kamber. "A Reconstitution Approach for Whole Rock Major and Trace Element Compositions of Granulites from the Kapuskasing Structural Zone." Minerals 10, no. 6 (June 25, 2020): 573. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min10060573.

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Current estimates for the composition of the lower continental crust show significant variation for the concentrations of the highly incompatible elements, including large uncertainties for the heat-producing elements. This has consequences for models of the formation of lower crust. For example, is lower continental crust inherently poor in incompatible elements or has it become so after extraction of partial melts caused by thermal incubation? Answering these questions will require better agreement between estimates for the chemistry of the lower crust. One issue is that granulite samples may have been altered during ascent. Xenoliths often experience contamination from the entraining alkaline magma, potentially resulting in elevated concentrations of incompatible trace elements when analysed by conventional bulk rock techniques. To avoid this, we assessed an in situ approach for reconstructing whole rock compositions with granulites from the Kapuskasing Structural Zone, Superior Province, Canada. As terrain samples, they have not been affected by host magma contamination, and as subrecent glacial exposures, they show minimal modern weathering. We used scanning electron microscope electron dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) phase mapping to establish the modal mineralogy. Major and trace element concentrations of mineral phases were determined by electron microprobe and laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICPMS), respectively. These concentrations were combined with the modal mineralogies to obtain reconstructed whole rock compositions, which were compared to conventional bulk rock analyses. The reconstructed data show good reproducibility relative to the conventional analyses for samples with massive textures. However, the conventional bulk rock chemistry systematically yields higher K concentrations, which are hosted in altered feldspars. Thus, even in terrain samples, minor alteration can lead to elevated incompatible element estimates that may not represent genuine lower continental crust.

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29

O'Hara, M. J. "Combining Reversed and Subdued Discrimination with High Relative Concentrations of Incompatible Elements." Mineralogical Magazine 58A, no. 2 (1994): 661–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.1994.58a.2.80.

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30

Facetti Masulli, J. F., Peter Kump, Zulma V. de Diaz, and Virginia R. de González. "Incompatible elements in bottom sediments of the Itaipú Dam Reservoir by EDXRF." Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry 316, no. 2 (March 17, 2018): 861–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10967-018-5801-9.

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31

Sussman, Theodore, and Klaus-Jürgen Bathe. "Spurious modes in geometrically nonlinear small displacement finite elements with incompatible modes." Computers & Structures 140 (July 2014): 14–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruc.2014.04.004.

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32

Pedrosa, A., and M. Del Río. "Synthetic waterproofing membranes and auxiliary separating layers in the inverted flat roof. Pressure effect on the degradation." Materiales de Construcción 68, no. 331 (July 18, 2018): 167. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/mc.2018.07617.

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Flat roofs are inverted when the insulation material is placed over the waterproofing membrane. This widely-used constructive system sets materials which may interact easily with each other causing their deterioration. The incompatibilities and the materials that may interact with each other are not completely described, the elements currently used to separate the materials are not totally efficient to avoid deterioration. This paper intends to enlarge the knowledge regarding the materials that are incompatible for inverted flat roofs, the conditions were interactions take place and the efficiency of some alternative solutions to separate the materials. The ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) waterproofing membranes are incompatible with the extruded polystyrene (XPS). The interactions between incompatible materials increase with the pressure.

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33

Bhuyan, G. S., M. Arockiasamy, K. Munaswamy, and O. Vosikovsky. "Finite element analysis of cracked and uncracked tubular T-joint." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 13, no. 3 (June 1, 1986): 261–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l86-038.

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A welded tubular T-joint is analysed using finite element methods to obtain through-thickness and surface stresses due to axial and in-plane bending loads. The effects of a shallow weld toe crack on the stress redistribution are studied. The two-dimensional analysis of the joint includes the membrane stiffness representation by plane stress element and the flexural stiffness by plate bending element. For the three-dimensional analyses, the joint is modelled using incompatible solid elements to improve flexural characteristics. The embedded elliptical crack front is modelled by straight-line segments. The region at the vicinity of the crack is discretized using special elements, which produce a singular stress field at the crack front. Key words: tubular joint, stress analysis, weld toe crack, incompatible element, singular element.

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34

Thompson, G. M., and J. Malpas. "Mineral/melt partition coefficients of oceanic alkali basalts determined on natural samples using laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LAM-ICP-MS)." Mineralogical Magazine 64, no. 1 (February 2000): 85–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/002646100549148.

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AbstractIn order to limit the range of possible differentiation mechanisms and the impact of these processes on the trace element signatures of igneous suites, it is important to be able to predict or model the compositional evolution of the primary and/or parental magmas. Part of the problem in understanding these relationships in basalts from ocean islands is the paucity of reliable trace element mineral/melt partition coefficients, particularly for undersaturated magmas. Consequently, we have measured mineral/groundmass partition coefficients for Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Hf, Ta, Th and REE, in situ, in clinopyroxene, Fe-Ti oxides and olivine in primitive basalts from Rarotonga, Cook Islands using LAM-ICP-MS.Analyses of these mafic rocks show high concentrations of most incompatible trace elements (e.g. Sr, Th, Y, REE, etc.) in pyroxenes relative to the other phases, suggesting that fractionation of pyroxenes was the dominant factor in the distribution of these trace elements during crystal fractionation. In such cases, the highly incompatible elements (D <0.01) are Ba, Cs and Nb. Elements that could also be classified as strongly incompatible (D <0.1) are Rb, Ta and Th. The remaining trace elements have bulk partition coefficient values that range from ∼.0.1 up to ∼.0.8 (Sr, Hf, Zr, Y and REE). Magnetites incorporate greater amounts of Nb and Ta than the titanaugites, and any significant fractionation of magnetite would have affected the bulk distribution of Nb and Ta. The LREE have lower Kd values than other REE, with the HREE having Kd values close to unity. Consequently, with the separation of titanaugite an overall enrichment of REE in the residual liquid with an increase in the La/Yb ratio is produced.

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35

HE, BIN. "STUDY ON SIMILARITY AND SIMILARITY REASONING." International Journal of Information Technology & Decision Making 03, no. 02 (June 2004): 239–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219622004001082.

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Based on extension models of a new science called Extenics, this paper presents formalized study on similarity and similarity reasoning. The concepts of δ-similarity and δ-similar extension elements are introduced firstly, and then the substitution principles of similarity for solving incompatible problems are set up, showing that similarity substitution is an effective way to solve incompatible problems in the practical world. In addition, the quantitative calculation of similarity is discussed. Finally, three basic rules for similarity reasoning are developed as well.

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36

Gilmore, Michael S., Marcus Rauch, Matthew M. Ramsey, Paul R. Himes, Sriram Varahan, Janet M. Manson, Francois Lebreton, and Lynn Ernest Hancock. "Pheromone killing of multidrug-resistantEnterococcus faecalisV583 by native commensal strains." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 112, no. 23 (May 26, 2015): 7273–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1500553112.

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Multidrug-resistantEnterococcus faecalispossess numerous mobile elements that encode virulence and antibiotic resistance traits as well as new metabolic pathways, often constituting over one-quarter of the genome. It was of interest to determine how this large accretion of mobile elements affects competitive growth in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract consortium. We unexpectedly observed that the prototype clinical isolate strain V583 was actively killed by GI tract flora, whereas commensal enterococci flourished. It was found that killing of V583 resulted from lethal cross-talk between accumulated mobile elements and that this cross-talk was induced by a heptapeptide pheromone produced by nativeE. faecalispresent in the fecal consortium. These results highlight two important aspects of the evolution of multidrug-resistant enterococci: (i) the accretion of mobile elements inE. faecalisV583 renders it incompatible with commensal strains, and (ii) because of this incompatibility, multidrug-resistant strains sharing features found in V583 cannot coexist with commensal strains. The accumulation of mobile elements in hospital isolates of enterococci can include those that are inherently incompatible with native flora, highlighting the importance of maintaining commensal populations as means of preventing colonization and subsequent infection by multidrug-resistant strains.

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37

Kostrovitsky, S. I., D. A. Yakovlev, L. F. Suvorova, and E. I. Demonterova. "Carbonatite-Like Rock in a Dike of the Aikhal Kimberlite Pipe: Comparison with Carbonatites of the Nomokhtookh Site (Anabar Area)." Russian Geology and Geophysics 62, no. 6 (June 1, 2021): 605–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/rgg20194086.

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Abstract ––A dike of rock similar in composition to carbonatites has been found in the Aikhal diamondiferous pipe of the Alakit–Markha field of the Yakutian kimberlite province (YaKP). The fine-grained rock of essentially carbonate composition (dolomite and calcite) rich in thin-platy phlogopite contains minerals typical of carbonatites: monazite, baddeleyite, and pyrochlore. In the high contents and distribution of incompatible elements the rock differs significantly from kimberlites and is transitional from kimberlites to carbonatites. The content of incompatible elements in this rock is 3–5 times lower than that in carbonatite breccias of the pipes in the Staraya Rechka kimberlite field of the YaKP (Nomokhtookh site). The compositions of accessory trace element minerals from the Aikhal dike rock and the Nomokhtookh carbonatite breccias are compared. An assumption is made that the high contents of incompatible elements in the carbonatite-like rock, which caused the crystallization of accessory minerals, are due to the differentiation of kimberlite melt/fluid. The high Sr isotope ratios indicate that the rock altered during hydrothermal and metasomatic processes. The obtained data on the composition of the carbonatite-like rock cannot serve as an argument for the genetic relationship between the Aikhal kimberlites and typical carbonatites. The genetic relationship between kimberlites and carbonatites in the northern fields of the YaKP remains an open issue.

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38

Bhuyan, G. S., M. Arockiasamy, and K. Munaswamy. "Three-dimensional stress analysis of tubular joint using rezone technique." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 13, no. 3 (June 1, 1986): 382–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l86-051.

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This note presents three-dimensional stress analysis results of a welded tubular T-joint under axial loading, using rezone technique. The rezone technique is used to reduce computer storage requirements, as well as solution costs, that result from the large number of degrees-of-freedom associated with three-dimensional analysis of the entire joint using solid elements. The hot-spot region around the weld toe and the weld reinforcement are modelled using three-dimensional incompatible 8-node brick and 6-node prism elements. The boundary nodal displacements for the rezoned model are obtained from plate analysis of the entire joint. The boundary values, at the plate-to-solid element transition zone, are distributed between two solid element nodes maintaining boundary displacement compatibility. The stresses at the critical lines, obtained from the rezoned analysis, are compared with those of the entire three-dimensional and plate model analyses. Key words: tubular joint, rezoned model, transition zone, boundary displacement compatibility, incompatible elements.

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39

Aspinwall, Mark. "Structuring Europe: Powersharing Institutions and British Preferences on European Integration." Political Studies 48, no. 3 (June 2000): 415–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-9248.00268.

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Scholars examining British-European relations typically ascribe UK governmental positions firstly to a combination of distinct and incompatible values, attitudes, and beliefs stemming from historical experience; secondly to a distinct and incompatible set of functional imperatives – namely less interaction with European partners than is the case for other EU member states; and third a distinct and incompatible set of domestic interests. This article challenges these views. It presents evidence to suggest that British governments have failed to assimilate social demands, and that the reason is an under-recognized and untheorized intervening variable – namely the structure of decisionmaking institutions in Parliament. It models the influence of this variable, and suggests that historical institutionalist theory captures key elements of the variable in a manner superior to extant approaches.

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40

DAHLIN, PETER, ÅKE JOHANSSON, and ULF B. ANDERSSON. "Source character, mixing, fractionation and alkali metasomatism in Palaeoproterozoic greenstone dykes, Dannemora area, NE Bergslagen region, Sweden." Geological Magazine 151, no. 4 (August 13, 2013): 573–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016756813000551.

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AbstractThe geochemical and isotopic characteristics of metamorphosed Svecofennian mafic dykes from the Dannemora area in the NE part of the Bergslagen region in central Sweden were investigated and compared to mafic intrusive rocks in their vicinity. The dykes, with an inferred age of c. 1860–1870 Ma, are calc-alkaline, sub-alkaline and basaltic in composition and have a mixed subduction and within-plate geochemical affinity. They are the result of mixing of at least three mantle source components with similar basaltic major element composition, but different concentrations of incompatible trace elements. Magma M1 is strongly enriched both in Rare Earth Elements (REE) and High-Field-Strength Elements (HFSE); magma M2 is highly enriched in Large-Ion Lithophile Elements (LILE, except Sr) with only moderate enrichment in HFSE and REE (particularly low in Heavy Rare Earth Elements); and magma M3 is enriched in Sr and has a flat REE profile. Magma M3 also has a somewhat more positive (depleted) initial εNd value of +1.8, compared to +0.4 to +0.5 for magmas M1 and M2. The magma evolution was controlled by a mixture of fractionation (mainly affecting the compatible elements) and mixing, best seen in the incompatible element concentrations and the Nd isotope data. The basaltic overall composition indicates little or no wholesale contamination by upper continental crust, but the dykes have undergone later metasomatic changes mainly affecting the alkali elements.

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Huang, Ying‐Qing, Yuan‐Fan Yang, Ji‐Zhen Wang, Xiao‐Chuan Liu, and Hai‐Bo Chen. "Unsymmetric extensions of Wilson's incompatible four‐node quadrilateral and eight‐node hexahedral elements." International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 123, no. 1 (October 16, 2021): 101–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.6849.

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42

Godard, M. "ICP-MS Analysis of Incompatible Trace Elements in Peridotites from the Oman Ophiolite." Mineralogical Magazine 62A, no. 1 (1998): 531–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.1998.62a.1.281.

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43

Soltani, Hamed Mahmoud, and Mahsa Kharazi. "Plastic Buckling and Postbuckling Analysis of Plates Using 3D Incompatible and Standard Elements." Iranian Journal of Science and Technology, Transactions of Mechanical Engineering 44, no. 4 (September 17, 2019): 881–903. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40997-019-00316-w.

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Suzuki, Kazuhiro. "Enrichment of incompatible elements at grain-boundaries of olivine in an olivine-nephelinite." GEOCHEMICAL JOURNAL 20, no. 1 (1986): 17–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.2343/geochemj.20.17.

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Treuil, M., and J. L. Joron. "“Hygromagmaphile” or “incompatible” character? and trace elements distributions during alteration and metamorphic processes." Chemical Geology 70, no. 1-2 (August 1988): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0009-2541(88)90233-1.

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MALLMANN, GUILHERME, RAÚL O. C. FONSECA, and ADOLFO B. SILVA. "An experimental study of the partitioning of trace elements between rutile and silicate melt as a function of oxygen fugacity." Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências 86, no. 4 (December 2014): 1609–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765201420140014.

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Subduction zone or arc magmas are known to display a characteristic depletion of High Field Strength Elements (HFSE) relative to other similarly incompatible elements, which can be attributed to the presence of the accessory mineral rutile (TiO2) in the residual slab. Here we show that the partitioning behavior of vanadium between rutile and silicate melt varies from incompatible (∼0.1) to compatible (∼18) as a function of oxygen fugacity. We also confirm that the HFSE are compatible in rutile, with D(Ta)> D(Nb)>> (D(Hf)>/∼ D(Zr), but that the level of compatibility is strongly dependent on melt composition, with partition coefficients increasing about one order of magnitude with increasing melt polymerization (or decreasing basicity). Our partitioning results also indicate that residual rutile may fractionate U from Th due to the contrasting (over 2 orders of magnitude) partitioning between these two elements. We confirm that, in addition to the HFSE, Cr, Cu, Zn and W are compatible in rutile at all oxygen fugacity conditions.

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Rowe, J. David. "Limited Term Merit Appointments: A Proposal To Reform Judicial Selection." Texas Wesleyan Law Review 2, no. 2 (October 1995): 335–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.37419/twlr.v2.i2.4.

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This article argues that popularly electing judges is incompatible with the three basic elements of the judiciary in a republican form of government, and proposes an alternative - limited term merit appointments - which avoids the problems associated with an electoral system.

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48

Smith, Benedict. "Hume on Belief and Vindicatory Explanations." Philosophy 94, no. 02 (April 2019): 313–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031819119000111.

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AbstractHume's account of belief is understood to be inspired by allegedly incompatible motivations, one descriptive and expressing Hume's naturalism, the other normative and expressing Hume's epistemological aims. This understanding assumes a particular way in which these elements are distinct: an assumption that I dispute. I suggest that the explanatory-naturalistic aspects of Hume's account of belief are not incompatible with the normative-epistemological aspects. Rather, at least for some central cases of belief formation that Hume discusses at length, S's coming to believe that p can be explained in a way that vindicates S's belief that p.

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Greenough, John D., and Kevin MacKenzie. "Igneous Rock Associations 18. Transition Metals in Oceanic Island Basalt: Relationships with the Mantle Components." Geoscience Canada 42, no. 3 (July 29, 2015): 351. http://dx.doi.org/10.12789/geocanj.2015.42.071.

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Incompatible elements and isotopic ratios identify three end-member mantle components in oceanic island basalt (OIB); EM1, EM2, and HIMU. We estimate compatible to mildly incompatible transition metal abundance trends (Ni, Co, Fe, Cu, Cr, V, Mn, Sc, and Zn) in “primitive” basalt suites (Mg# = Mg/(Mg + 0.9*Fe) atomic = 0.72) from 12 end-member oceanic islands by regressing metals against Fe/Mg ratios in sample suites, and solving for concentrations at Mg/Fe = 1 (Mg# = 0.72). Using the transition metal estimates, exploratory statistics reveal that islands ‘group’ based on mantle component type even when La/Yb ratios are used to compensate metal concentrations for percentage melting. Higher chalcophile Zn (and Pb, earlier work) in EM1 and EM2 compared to HIMU, and higher Cr (3+) and Sc in HIMU relative to EM1, support views that HIMU represents subduction-processed ocean floor basalt. Incompatible elements, ratios and isotopes indicate that EM1 is Archean, EM2 is Proterozoic or younger, and both are related to sediment subduction. As found with incompatible elements, EM1 and EM2 show similar ‘compatible’ element concentrations, but lower (multi-valence) Cr, Fe and Mn in EM1 could indirectly reflect increasing oxidation of subducted sediment between the Archean and Proterozoic. Alternatively, changes in subduction processes that yielded peak continental formation in the Neoarchean, and craton-suturing in the Paleoproterozoic may account for EM1–EM2 differences. EM1 shows similar or lower Cr, Ni and Co compared to HIMU and EM2 suggesting that economic viability of layered intrusions, which have extreme EM1-like signatures, is unrelated to high metals in EM1 mantle sources, but that high % melting appears important. Because core-concentrated transition metals correlate with mantle component type, lithospheric recycling apparently controls their concentrations in OIB and core-mantle interaction may be unimportant.RÉSUMÉLes éléments incompatibles et les rapports isotopiques permettent de délimiter trois termes extrêmes de composants mantéliques dans des basaltes insulaires océaniques (OIB), soit EM1, EM2, et HIMU. Nous estimons les tendances d’abondance de métaux de transition (Ni, Co, Fe, Cu, Cr, V, Mn, Sc, and Zn) compatibles à modérément incompatibles dans des suites de basaltes « primitifs » (Mg# = Mg/(Mg + 0,9*Fe) rayon atomique = 0,72) sur 12 termes extrêmes de matériaux insulaires océaniques, par régression des concentrations des métaux sur les rapports Fe/Mg dans des échantillons des suites, la détermination étant définie au rapport Mg/Fe = 1 (Mg# = 0,72). L’utilisation d’une approche statistique exploratoire sur les estimations de métaux de transition montre que la composition des îles se « regroupent » en fonction du type de composition du manteau, cela même lorsque les ratios La/Yb sont utilisés pour compenser les concentrations de métaux pour déterminer le pourcentuel de fusion. Le caractère plus chalcophile du Zn (et Pb, travail antérieur) dans EM1 et EM2 comparé à HIMU, et la plus grande teneur en Cr (3+) et Sc dans HIMU par rapport à EM1, accréditent l’idée que HIMU représente le basalte de subduction des fonds océaniques. Les éléments incompatibles, les ratios et les isotopes montrent que EM1 est archéen, que EM2 est protérozoïque ou plus jeune, et que les deux sont liés à la subduction sédimentaire. Comme constaté pour les éléments incompatibles, EMI et EM2 affichent une compatibilité similaire des concentrations en éléments « compatibles », toutefois une concentration inférieure en Cr (multivalent), Fe et Mn dans EM1 pourrait refléter indirectement une oxydation croissante des sédiments subduits entre l’Archéen et le Protérozoïque. Par ailleurs, les changements dans les mécanismes de subduction qui ont mené à un maximum de formation continentale au Néoarchéen et à des épisodes de sutures cratoniques au Paléoprotérozoïque, peuvent expliquer les différences entre EM1 et EM2. La teneur similaire ou inférieure en Cr, Ni et Co de EM1 par rapport à HIMU et EM2 permet de croire que la viabilité économique des intrusions stratifiées – lesquelles montrent des signatures extrêmes EM1 – est sans rapport avec les sources mantéliques à fortes teneurs en métaux, mais que le fort pourcentuel de fusion qui importerait. Parce que la concentration du noyau en métaux de transition correspond avec le type de composant du manteau, c’est le recyclage lithosphérique qui contrôle apparemment leurs concentrations dans l'OIB, et l'interaction noyau-manteau pourrait être sans importance.

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MEDEIROS, SILVIA R., CRISTINA M. WIEDEMANN-LEONARDOS, and SIMON VRIEND. "Evidence of mingling between contrasting magmas in a deep plutonic environment: the example of Várzea Alegre, in the Ribeira Mobile Belt, Espírito Santo, Brazil." Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências 73, no. 1 (March 2001): 99–119. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0001-37652001000100009.

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At the end of the geotectonic cycle that shaped the northern segment of the Ribeira Mobile Belt (Upper Proterozoic to Paleozoic age), a late to post-collisional set of plutonic complexes, consisting of a wide range of lithotypes, intruded all metamorphic units. The Várzea Alegre Intrusive Complex is a post-collisional complex. The younger intrusion consists of an inversely zoned multistage structure envolved by a large early emplaced ring of megaporphyritic charnoenderbitic rocks. The combination of field, petrographic and geochemical data reveals the presence of at least two different series of igneous rocks. The first originated from the partial melting of the mantle. This was previously enriched in incompatible elements, low and intermediate REE and some HFS-elements. A second enrichment in LREE and incompatible elements in this series was due to the mingling with a crustal granitic magma. This mingling process changed the composition of the original tholeiitic magma towards a medium-K calc-alkalic magma to produce a suite of basic to intermediate rock types. The granitic magma from the second high-K, calc-alkalic suite originated from the partial melting of the continental crust, but with strong influence of mantle-derived melts.

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