Journal articles on the topic 'Income Source Effect'
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Chen, Chiang-Ming, and Yen-Chien Chen. "Income source effect on retiree’s tourism behavior." Annals of Tourism Research 68 (January 2018): 4–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2017.10.002.
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Saiful Nathan, Siti Badariah, and M. Mohd Rosli. "Distributional effects of non-farm incomes in a Malaysian rice bowl." International Journal of Social Economics 43, no. 2 (February 8, 2016): 205–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijse-09-2013-0200.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to identify the structure of household income and examine the effects of non-farm incomes on the income distribution of farm households in a relatively developed rural area of the Malaysian rice bowl. Design/methodology/approach – The non-farm incomes were disaggregated into different components to determine the contribution of each income source to total household income and overall inequality. The income distribution and decomposition was examined using the Gini decomposition method. Findings – It was found that almost 71 percent of the households in the sample had at least one source of non-farm income. On average, non-farm incomes contributed about 33 percent to total household income. Non-farm wage employment was the dominant source of non-farm income, accounting for almost 26 percent of overall household income. The farm incomes, especially the paddy incomes were found to be the inequality-decreasing income source. The study also confirmed the proposition that the non-farm incomes were the inequality-increasing income source as they contributed up to 35 percent of the overall income inequality. Originality/value – Previous studies have found that non-farm incomes have different effects on income inequality of rural communities, especially those in the rice granary areas situated in less developed states of Malaysia, where poverty is still a problem. This study is significant because it identifies the effect of certain incomes on the overall income inequality among farm households in the granary areas located in a relatively developed rural area. The studied areas are characterized by an intensive paddy production and a rapid development in business and industrial activities, and hence, providing non-farm employment opportunities to the rural farmers. Therefore, this study shows the income structure and how farm and non-farm incomes affect the overall income distribution of the paddy farmers.
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Salam, Shakila. "Rural Livelihood Diversification in Bangladesh: Effect on Household Poverty and Inequality." Agricultural Science 2, no. 1 (April 26, 2020): p133. http://dx.doi.org/10.30560/as.v2n1p133.
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The pervasiveness of poverty continues to be a daunting challenge for Bangladesh. This study attempts to examine the effect of different livelihood diversification on rural household poverty and income inequality. A panel dataset, which is used in this study, was collected in the three different years (1988, 2000 and 2008) from 62 villages across 57 districts of Bangladesh. Besides, 153 households from three districts of Bangladesh were also randomly selected as primary data. Multidimensional poverty index (MPI) was used to measure poverty whereas Gini coefficients and decomposition of Gini coefficients were used to measure inequality and to identify marginal effects of certain livelihood income source on total inequality. The results reveal that diversifying livelihood through income source changes has an impact on the poverty level and inequality among rural households. Following these changes, the overall poverty situation has been improving and income distribution has been worsening over the years. Households drastically reduce their poverty by diversifying their livelihood from only agriculture to part-time farming. Among different non-farm income sources, only self-employment has a positive contribution in decreasing income inequality since 2000. Incomes from migration and wage-employment widen income inequality in rural Bangladesh. Therefore, policy options should strive to expand rural industry and scope of self-employment in the rural areas along with agricultural sector development.
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Buser, Thomas. "The Effect of Income on Religiousness." American Economic Journal: Applied Economics 7, no. 3 (July 1, 2015): 178–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/app.20140162.
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How does income affect religiousness? Using self-collected survey data, we estimate the effects of income on religious behavior. As a source of exogenous income variation we use a change in the eligibility criteria for a government cash transfer in Ecuador and apply a regression discontinuity strategy to estimate causal effects. We find significant effects of income on religiousness. Families that earn more go to church more often. Families that earn more are also more likely to be members of an Evangelical community rather than of the mainstream Catholic Church. (JEL D14, H23, J12, J31, O15, Z12)
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Xu, Pu, Shanwei Li, Xiaona Yang, and Yufeng Li. "Research on the Relationship between Urban Agricultural Nonpoint Source Pollution and Rural Residents’ Income Growth." Journal of Environmental and Public Health 2022 (August 10, 2022): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/4133245.
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Researching the relationship between urban agricultural nonpoint source pollution (UANSP) and increases in rural residents’ income levels has significant practical implications for effectively controlling UANSP and improving the quality of life of urban residents, and it is conducive to achieving a win-win situation between economic and environmental benefits. This study chooses agricultural statistical data from Shanghai from 1998 to 2019, implements the EKC and the VAR model to dynamically analyze internal interaction between them, and thoroughly examines impact effect and explanatory contribution degree of each variable. The results show the following: (1) There was an inverted “N” curve between plastic film application intensity and rural residents’ per capita disposable income; there was a linear decreasing relationship between the intensity of fertilizer and pesticide application and rural residents’ per capita disposable income. (2) Nonpoint source pollution emissions will decrease as rural residents’ income levels rise. Reduction of nonpoint source pollution can promote the short-term improvement of rural residents’ income levels, but it has a negative effect on the long-term improvement of rural residents’ income levels. (3) Fertilizer and pesticide application intensity had a low driving effect on rural residents’ income growth, whereas plastic film application intensity had a strong driving effect. Therefore, the ANSP of Shanghai should be treated from both long-term and short-term perspectives on the basis of decreasing stage. In the long term, the government should increase farmers’ sense of ownership in agricultural nonpoint source pollution control, prioritize the development of ecological circular agriculture, and gradually improve nonpoint source remote sensing monitoring and service management capabilities. In the short term, the government should reduce farmers’ nonpoint source pollution through subsidies and technical assistance. To keep costs down, the government established an administrative reward and punishment system to control ANSP at the source.
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Xu, Yun, Xiaoping Qiu, Xueting Yang, and Guojie Chen. "Factor Decomposition of the Changes in the Rural Regional Income Inequality in Southwestern Mountainous Area of China." Sustainability 10, no. 9 (September 5, 2018): 3171. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10093171.
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This study aimed to determine factors of rural income inequality changes in Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture, Sichuan, China, to help formulate measures to reduce regional inequality and alleviate poverty in the southwestern mountainous area of China, which experiences frequent natural disasters and poor living conditions. Changes in rural income inequality are examined, which are then decomposed into different component factors based on the Gini index. Income inequality is comprised of four types of income source: wages, household operations, properties, and transfers. This analysis focuses on the period of 2003 to 2011—a special transitional stage during which the Wenchuan earthquake intervened. The results indicate that income from household operations plays a dominant role in income inequality. Its contribution to the overall inequality fluctuates from 36.40 to 50.39% and had a positive effect on reducing inequality after the earthquake. Wage income contributed the second-most to income inequality and had positive and negative effects on reducing inequality before and after the earthquake, respectively. Transfer and property incomes are important forces in income inequality that have different influencing mechanisms. Transfer income positively helps reduce income inequality. Exclusive favors or preferences should be granted to such areas.
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Graca-Gelert, Patrycja. "Household income inequality in Poland between 2005 and 2019: A decomposition of the Gini coefficient by income sources." Nierówności społeczne a wzrost gospodarczy 69, no. 1 (2022): 21–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.15584/nsawg.2022.1.2.
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The aim of this paper is the empirical analysis of the Gini coefficient decomposition by income sources in Poland between 2005 and 2013. The decomposition was used to assess the contribution of income components to the overall income inequality in Poland. The empirical analysis was based on non-identifiable, individual household budget survey data collected by the Central Statistical Office of Poland. The method of decomposition by income components applied in this study was the approach of Lerman and Yitzhaki (1985). The study revealed that employment income contributed to the greatest extent to overall income inequality in Poland during the analysis period. At the same time, this income source showed a significant increase in explaining inequality, reaching almost 64% in 2019. Apart from employment, among all of the income sources analysed, only the contribution of social security benefits to income disparities changed significantly, dropping from almost 19% in 2005 to 7% in 2019. Income from self-employment explained about 15% of inequality in Poland throughout the analysed period. The contribution of the rest of income sources to income inequality was also relatively stable, though less significant. The only income category that contributed negatively to inequality was the other social benefits component. The largest impact of a marginal change in income components on overall inequality was due to income from employment (positive effect) and social security benefits (negative effect). A negative impact of a marginal change in specific income sources on inequality was observed in the case of social security benefits, other social benefits, and other income.
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Shin, Serah. "The Effect of Income Source on Unmet Healthcare Needs among the Elderly Households." Consumer Policy and Education Review 15, no. 1 (March 30, 2019): 129–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.15790/cope.2019.15.1.129.
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Sun, Rui. "Analyzing the Impact of Household Income Sources on Consumer Behavior in China – Based on Mental Accounting." Scientific and Social Research 4, no. 3 (March 11, 2022): 39–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.26689/ssr.v4i3.3611.
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With the continuous development of the economy and society in China and the improvement of people’s living standards, the consumption behavior and consumption structure of families in China have undergone significant changes. As an important source and basis of consumption, income has an influence on consumption behavior. Based on the mental accounting theory in behavioral economics, this paper uses the data from China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) to examine the differential impact of different sources of income on the consumption demand of households in China from the micro level. In terms of theory, based on the basic assumption and fact of elasticity of consumer demand, the model directly assumes that there is mental accounting effect in household consumption behavior; that is, the marginal propensity to consume from different sources of income has a significant difference. By establishing a regression model to analyze the influence of different sources of income on consumption, the mental accounting effect of consumption among households in China is verified. According to the theoretical hypothesis and empirical tests, this paper provides policy suggestions for the government. The government should increase people’s disposable income. Increasing the proportion of transfer income and property income can diversify people’s sources of income and promote consumption as well as economic growth. Finally, the social security system should be improved to promote the consumption level of low-income families.
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Bueker, Catherine Simpson. "Political Incorporation among Immigrants from Ten Areas of Origin: The Persistence of Source Country Effects." International Migration Review 39, no. 1 (March 2005): 103–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-7379.2005.tb00257.x.
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Using four years of data from the Current Population Survey, this study examines the effect of country of origin on two types of political incorporation among immigrants – citizenship and voting – in the contemporary United States. Results show that country of origin is a statistically significant predictor of citizenship acquisition for nine of ten immigrant groups and for voter turnout for five of ten groups, net of income, education, length of residence in the United States, and other demographic characteristics. The findings also suggest that country of origin matters as much for how it interacts with other key characteristics, such as education and income, as for the independent influence it exerts on these two political processes. For immigrants from most countries under examination, lower levels of education and income discourage citizenship acquisition. An exception is found among Britons, for whom lower levels of income encourages naturalizing. In the voting process, higher levels of education encourage voter turnout for most immigrant groups. Though country of origin has a greater effect on naturalizing than on voting, it significantly impacts both types of political incorporation. The differing effects of country of origin and other demographic factors on naturalizing and voting, respectively, suggest the two processes are distinct from one another.
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Axbard, Sebastian. "Income Opportunities and Sea Piracy in Indonesia: Evidence from Satellite Data." American Economic Journal: Applied Economics 8, no. 2 (April 1, 2016): 154–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/app.20140404.
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The effect of climatic variation on conflict and crime is well established, but less is known about the mechanism through which this effect operates. This study contributes to the literature by exploiting a new source of exogenous variation in climate to study the effect of fishermen's income opportunities on sea piracy. Using satellite data to construct a monthly measure of local fishing conditions it is found that better income opportunities reduce piracy. A wide range of approaches are employed to ensure that these effects are driven by income opportunities rather than other mechanisms through which climate could affect piracy. (JEL D74, J31, K42, O13, O17, Q22, Q54)
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Plakhtii, Tetiana, Lidiia Fedoryshyna, and Olena Tomchuk. "SOCIO-ECONOMIC COMPONENT OF PREFERENTIAL TAXATION OF INDIVIDUAL INCOME." Baltic Journal of Economic Studies 5, no. 2 (May 13, 2019): 171. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/2256-0742/2019-5-2-171-175.
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The purpose of the article is to study the socio-economic component of the preferential taxation of individuals. It is shown that the Tax Social Benefit is the ability of the taxpayer to reduce the calculated total monthly taxable income in the form of wages. Methodology. The object of taxation is determined according to the status of the payer. So, for a resident – is: the total monthly (annual) taxable income; income from the source of their origin, which are finally taxed when they are charged (payment, provision), and foreign incomes – income (profit) received from sources outside. The object of taxation of a non-resident is: the total monthly (annual) taxable income from the source of its origin and income from the source of their origin in Ukraine, which are finally taxed during their calculation (payment, provision). Results. The basis of taxation is the total taxable income – any taxable income accrued (paid, provided) in favour of the taxpayer during the reporting tax period. Imagine the structure of the aggregate resources of households, which in the overwhelming majority are subject to tax. Individual Income Tax is fiscally significant for budgets of all levels, since after the distribution through the budget system the lion’s share remains at the disposal of local budgets Practical implications. Although Ukraine is a market economy country, in our opinion, observance of these recommendations will have only a positive effect both on activating the regulatory function of the Individual Income Tax and on the level of income differentiation of the population as a result. Value/ originality. In view of a large number of studies of domestic scientists on this issue, it is necessary to systematize tax deductions from Individual Income Tax in accordance with the concept of tax expenditures, taking into account the specifics of tax legislation. The established indicators for the tax social benefit are calculated according to the following algorithm: the maximum amount for the application of the tax social benefit: the subsistence minimum for an able-bodied person on January 1 of the reporting tax year, multiplied by 1.4 and rounded to the nearest 10 hryvnias. The size of the tax social benefit is equal to 50% of the subsistence minimum for an able-bodied person (per month), established by law on January 1 of the reporting tax year.
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Sari, Resti Purwita, and Tupi Setyowati. "Capital Adequacy Ratio dan Beban Operasional Terhadap Profitabilitas Pada Bank Umum Syariah." Al-Urban: Jurnal Ekonomi Syariah dan Filantropi Islam 1, no. 1 (June 30, 2017): 26–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.22236/alurban_vol1/is1pp26-34.
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This study aims to analyze and determine the effect of Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Operating Cost Operating Income (BOPO) to Profitability proxyed using Return On Assets (ROA) at Sharia Commercial Bank in Indonesia period 2014-2015. This research uses data source secondary documentation of the annual financial statements of Sharia Commercial Banks in Indonesia and supplemented by other bibliographic data sources. The result of the research shows that Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) has negative and insignificant effect on Return On Asset (ROA) at Sharia Commercial Bank in Indonesia and Operating Cost Operating Income (BOPO) have negative and significant effect to Return On Asset (ROA) at Sharia Commercial Bank in Indonesia
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Rashidin, Md Salamun, Sara Javed, Bin Liu, and Wang Jian. "Ramifications of Households’ Nonfarm Income on Agricultural Productivity: Evidence From a Rural Area of Pakistan." SAGE Open 10, no. 1 (January 2020): 215824402090209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2158244020902091.
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Currently in Pakistan, the agricultural sector contributes up to 18.9% of the gross domestic product. As a result of modern science and technology development, the source of income for rural households is changing, and nonfarm income has become the main source. This study investigates the effects of nonfarm income on agricultural productivity in rural Pakistan. The current research data has been collected from the Pakistan Social and Living Standards Measurement Survey (PSLM) 2017–2018, a sample of rural and urban areas designed by Pakistan’s Federal Bureau of Statistics. In this study, Heckman’s two-step procedure is used to tackle the problems of endogeneity and selection bias. The first phase, probit regression, indicates that the accessibility of banks, motorable roads, forest, telecommunication substructure, montane grasslands, and shrublands zone affects nonfarm income. On the other hand, the second stage, ordinary least squares regression, found a negative impact of nonfarm income on per capita farm income. Furthermore, results reveal that nonfarm household income has a significant positive effect on agricultural productivity.
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Sumaryanto, S. H. Susilowati, Saptana, Ashari, E. Suryani, and M. Suryadi. "The effects of rural development on main sources of farm households." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 892, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012089. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/892/1/012089.
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Abstract In line with the development of the rural villages, rural employment changes. Consequently, the job opportunities of some farmers will also change. This study aims to estimate the effect of rural development and some other factors on the primary source of household income of farmers in several agroecosystems. The data analyzed were the 2013 Agricultural Census, Village Potential and “PATANAS” data. The results showed that farmers’ opportunity of leaving agriculture as the main source of household income increased if cultivated land was smaller and the inequality of landholding in the village increased. In the set of variables that determine rural development, improvements in the dimensions of basic services and basic infrastructure of non-accessibility/transportation positively affect the opportunities of farmers’ households to make non-agricultural work as their source of income. Improvements in the accessibility/transportation dimension, on the other hand, strengthen the ability of farm households to rely on agriculture as a source of household income. Based on the research results, increasing the agricultural sector as a significant contributor to farmer household income can be achieved by increasing accessibility/transportation facilities and improving the distribution of cultivated land.
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Stávková, Jana, Veronika Antošová, and Jana Turčínková. "Influence of education on living conditions of households." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 60, no. 2 (2012): 367–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201260020367.
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The paper deals with the analysis of the effect of education on the income situation of households and inhabitants’ living standards. The increasing number of inhabitants with higher levels of education provides conditions for the creation and development of the knowledge or information society. Knowledge society is a society where an individual is able to seek information in information sources, to process and use the found information creatively and to consider knowledge one of the essential factors of life quality. In this society, the significance of education increases and the utilization of scientific findings becomes the key source of the society’s competitiveness. Its characteristic feature is the structure of GDP reflecting a growing proportion of knowledge assets in contrast to physical capital. Education and work of educated people are essential factors of economic development. It is desirable that the society has an implemented system of valuation for educated people by means of financial rewards. This paper aims to provide information about the income situation of households in dependence on particular levels of education: the primary education, two types of secondary education and tertiary education.The source for the analysis of the effect of the achieved level of education on the income situation of households is the results of the survey conducted by EU-SILC (European Union Statistics on Income and Living Conditions) in 2005–2009. The level of education of a household was determined based on the level of education of the household member with the highest income – the head of household.The analysis focused on the number of households in the Czech Republic (CR) with the specified achieved level of education and their income situation. The income situation is determined by middle values (mean and median), differentiation and development between 2005 and 2009, which was the period of economic development but also an economic crisis. Further, attention is devoted to households at risk of poverty, the depth of poverty, income disparities among groups based on the achieved level of education and the proportion of social transfers within the total incomes of each household group in dependence on the achieved level of education.
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Mustofa, Mustofa. "Labor Income in DIY During The Covid-19 Pandemic." International Journal of Social Service and Research 2, no. 7 (July 23, 2022): 611–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.46799/ijssr.v2i7.134.
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This article discusses workers' income in the Special Region of Yogyakarta (DIY) during the covid-19 pandemic. The data source used by Sakernas DIY for the August 2021 period with a selected sample of 4,029 workers. The analysis technique used is a regression analysis technique. The results showed that labour income during the Covid-19 period was influenced by education level, work experience, gender, marital status, job training, number of hours worked, digital devices, and work status, with a total effect of 40.5%. Workers with higher levels of education have better earnings. Workers who are equipped with job training have higher earnings. The number of hours affects income positively and significantly. Workers who use digital devices have higher incomes. Self-employment has a negative influence on income during a pandemic.
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Lindahl, Mikael. "Estimating the Effect of Income on Health and Mortality Using Lottery Prizes as an Exogenous Source of Variation in Income." Journal of Human Resources XL, no. 1 (2005): 144–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3368/jhr.xl.1.144.
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Mahfudh, Mahfudh, Haeruddin Saleh, and Muhammad Yusuf Saleh. "ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PENERIMAAN PENDAPATAN ASLI DAERAH PADA DINAS PENDAPATAN KEUANGAN DAN ASET DAERAH KABUPATEN MAJENE." Indonesian Journal of Business and Management 3, no. 2 (June 2, 2021): 106–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.35965/jbm.v3i2.651.
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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui: (a) pengaruh pendapatan perkapita terhadap pendapatan asli daerah. (b) pengaruh jumlah perusahaan terhadap pendapatan asli daerah. (c) pengaruh jumlah penduduk terhadap pendapatan asli daerah. (d) faktor dominan yang berpengaruh terhadap pendapatan asli daerah. Penelitian ini bersifat kausal dengan tipe konklusif berstruktur dan sistematik untuk menentukan hubungan sebab-akibat beberapa variabel. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan studi kepustakaan dan data sekunder pendapatan asli daerah Kabupaten Majene tahun 2014-2018. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan (a) pendapatan perkapita berpengaruh secara positif dan signifikan terhadap pendapatan asli daerah Kabupaten Majene Tahun 2014-2018. Pertumbuhan pendapatan perkapita dengan trend positif dapat meningkatkan jumlah pendapatan asli daerah. (b) Jumlah perusahaan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap pendapatan asli daerah Kabupaten Majene Tahun 2014-2018. Semakin banyak jumlah perusahaan maka akan menambah kontribusi pajak ke Pemerintah Daerah Kabupaten Majene. (c) Jumlah penduduk berpengaruh secara positif dan signifikan terhadap pendapatan asli daerah Kabupaten Majene Tahun 2014-2018. Peningkatan jumlah penduduk akan meningkatkan pendapatan yang ditarik dari subyek pajak (penduduk) secara berkesinambungan. (d) Pendapatan perkapita merupakan faktor yang paling dominan dalam berkontribusi meningkatkan pendapatan asli daerah Kabupaten Majene Tahun 2014-2018. This research aims to determine (a) the influence of percapita income on local own-source revenue. (b) the effect of the number of companies on local own-source revenue. (c) the effect of population on local own-source revenue. (d) the dominant factor that affects local own-source revenue. This research is causal, structured and systematic type of study which determines the cause-effect relationship of several variables. The data collection technique uses literature study and secondary data of local own-source revenue from Majene Regency between 2014 and 2018. The results showed that (a) Per capita income had a positive and significant effect on the local own-source revenue of Majene Regency in 2014-2018. The growth of per capita income with a positive trend can increase the amount of local own-source revenue. (b) The number of companies had a positive and significant effect on the local own-source revenue of Majene Regency in 2014-2018. The more companies that were established, the more tax contribution will be added to the Regional Government of Majene Regency. (c) The population had a positive and significant effect on the local own-source revenue of Majene Regency in 2014-2018. Increasing the number of residents would increase the income drawn from the tax subject (resident) continuously. (d) Per capita income was the most dominant factor contributing to increasing of the local own-source revenue of Majene Regency in 2014-2018.
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Husaen, Ade. "Influence of Competence, Transparency and Accountability on Income and Expenditure Budget Management Village (APBDes)." Entrepreneurship and Small Business Research 1, no. 1 (March 20, 2022): 20–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.55980/esber.v1i1.18.
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This study aims to determine (1) the effect of competence on the management of village income and expenditure budgets (APBDes) (2) The effect of transparency on the management of village income and expenditure budgets (APBDes) (3) The effect of accountability on village income and expenditure budget management (APBDes). This research was carried out in a village in the Malifut sub-district, North Halmahera district. With a total population of 88 respondents. The sampling technique used a purposive sampling technique with a sample of 22 villages in the Malifut sub-district. The type of data used in this study is the type of quantitative data while the data source is the primary data source. The method of data collection is done by using a questionnaire. The data analysis technique uses multiple linear regression analysis. The results of this study indicate that (1) Competence has a significant effect on the management of village income and expenditure budgets in the Malifut sub-district. (2) Transparency has a significant effect on the management of village revenue and expenditure budgets in the Malifut sub-district. (3) Accountability has a significant effect on the management of the village income and expenditure budget in the Malifut sub-district.
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Li, Jinyi. "The Effect of Income Level on Educational Expectations." International Journal of Education and Humanities 5, no. 3 (November 11, 2022): 83–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/ijeh.v5i3.2456.
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Based on the perspective of income level, this paper uses the 2016 China Family Tracking Survey (CFPS) data as the analysis data to examine the impact of income level on educational expectations from the individual level for the first time. The results show that income level has no significant effect on educational expectations. Educational expectations include parents' educational expectations for their children and children's self-education expectations. This disparity reflects the heterogeneity of their expectations for the educational level of their offspring. The gap between parents and children's educational expectations is too large, which is not conducive to children's educational acquisition and social class promotion. In recent years, educational anxiety in Chinese society has become increasingly serious. The educational chaos in the school district and extracurricular classes of Sky High School is closely related to the educational anxiety of parents. After the reform and opening up, with the continuous accumulation of family wealth, education has shown a competitive situation, and parents' educational concept has gradually changed. With the continuous improvement of the average family income, more and more parents have invested a lot of money and energy in their children's education in order to compete for limited educational resources and social resources such as employment. As a reflection of a family's socioeconomic status, studying its role in promoting children's education is conducive to finding out the impact of the wealth and income of the previous generation on the education level of the next generation, and is conducive to exploring the source. educational competition’s reason.
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Imran Hunjra, Ahmed, Qasim Zureigat, Tahar Tayachi, and Rashid Mehmood. "Impact of non-interest income and revenue concentration on bank risk in South Asia." Banks and Bank Systems 15, no. 4 (October 30, 2020): 15–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/bbs.15(4).2020.02.
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Banks not only rely on the traditional way of generating income, they also opt for non-interest income (NII) to survive in a competitive environment. Banks in South Asia are diversifying their income from interest to non-interest sources in order to reduce risk and generate high returns. This study examines the impact of non-interest income (NII) and revenue concentration on banks’ risk in South Asian countries such as Pakistan, Sri Lanka, India and Bangladesh. Panel data for eighty-five banks from 2009 to 2018 is used. Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) is employed to analyze the data. The study finds that non-interest source income and revenue concentration significantly affect bank risk in the overall analysis. The study finds different results depending on the regulations and application of the regulatory system in each country. Non-interest income reveals a significant impact on bank risk for Pakistan, India and Bangladesh, but insignificant for Si Lanka. Revenue concentration has a significant effect on bank risk in Pakistan and India, however, it does not affect bank risk in Sri Lanka and Bangladesh. This study recommends that bank managers focus on different sources of revenue generation in order to minimize their level of risk through a diversification strategy to enhance efficiency. This study contributes to the banking sector literature of South Asian markets.
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Brezis, Elise S., and Rodolphe Dos Santos Ferreira. "ENDOGENOUS FERTILITY WITH A SIBSHIP SIZE EFFECT." Macroeconomic Dynamics 20, no. 8 (October 16, 2015): 2046–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1365100515000255.
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Since the seminal work of Becker, the dynamics of endogenous fertility has been based on the trade-off faced by parents between the quantity and the quality of their children. However, in developing countries, where child labor is an indispensable source of household income, parents actually incur a negative cost by having an extra child, so that the trade-off disappears. The purpose of this paper is to restore the Beckerian quantity–quality trade-off when intergenerational transfers are upstream, in order to keep fertility endogenous. We do that by adding a negative “sibship size effect” on human capital formation to the standard Becker model. With a simple specification, we obtain multiplicity of steady states or, more fundamentally, the possibility of a jump from a state with high fertility and low income to a state with low fertility and high income, triggered by a continuous increase in the productivity of human capital formation.
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Nazire MİKAİL and Muhammed Zeki KAPLAN. "Effect of COVID-19 Pandemic on Animal-Source Food Consumption in Turkey." ISPEC Journal of Agricultural Sciences 5, no. 3 (September 4, 2021): 616–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.46291/ispecjasvol5iss3pp616-626.
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In this study, before and during COVID-19 pandemic food consuming habits of people living is seven regions of Turkey were examined and it was investigated how this findings change depending on such demographic characteristics as people’s gender, age, education level, marital status and average monthly income. Surveys were conducted on 800 people across Turkey via the internet, and the results were tested with non-parametric test methods in terms of whether there was any significance difference between dependent and independent groups. At the same time, the factors that will affect the consumers' consumption of these products in the future were analyzed by the method of regression trees. A significant difference was found between the consumption frequencies of meat-type foods before and during COVID-19 among consumers. It was found that daily consumption of yoghurt increased too much during the COVID-19 pandemic. According to the results of regression tree analisys average monthly income was found is the most affecting factor the consumers' preference of these products in the future. In the study, it was determined that at the zoonotic infection knowledge levels, most of the participants did not give up their food habits at the time of the COVID-19 pandemic. In addition, it was determined that they did not give up their consumption of animal-based food. Finally, it is recommended people to be conscious consumers and that necessary studies should be carried out to reduce their anxiety in any pandemic.
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Shochrul Rohmatul Ajija. "DOES FINTECH PAYMENT GATEWAY EFFECTIVE IN IMPROVING INCOME OF MICROENTERPRISES IN SURABAYA?" East Java Economic Journal 3, no. 2 (September 25, 2019): 214–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.53572/ejavec.v3i2.52.
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This study aims to examine the effect on the income of Micro and Small Enterprises (MSEs) in Surabaya. This study uses a quantitative research approach, Paired t-test and Independent t-test methods. The variables used are income, payment gateway, capital, and labor. Type of data source is primary data which is taken directly in the field by the author, namely MSEs who move in several sectors. The result is that the income of MSEs in Surabaya, the use fintech payment gateway, has a significant effect on increasing income by using the paired t-test method. Conversely, if use the Independent t-test payment gateway does not have a significant effect.
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Wang, Kun, Guochao Yang, Baohua Cheng, Zhiyong Gan, Yan Qi, Sen Wang, Xinyu Bai, and Jiang Bian. "Intelligent Calculation Model and Algorithm Optimization of Optimal Operation of Integrated Energy System." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2083, no. 3 (November 1, 2021): 032033. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2083/3/032033.
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Abstract This paper analyzes the energy saving effect and optimal operation of the integrated park type energy system. The park type integrated energy system includes photovoltaic power generation system, ground source heat pump system, solar air conditioning system, regenerative electric boiler system and solar hot water system and so on. The energy saving benefit calculation model of each subsystem is established, and according to the operation history data of each subsystem, the calculation results of each subsystem are analyzed. It shows that: The energy saving income of photovoltaic power generation system is 734,200 yuan/year. The main revenue comes from the second and third quarters, during which it should pay attention to the maintenance of photovoltaic modules to ensure the maximum energy saving benefit. The energy saving income of ground source heat pump system in summer is 155,900 yuan/year, and the energy saving effect is not significant. It can cooperate with traditional units for cooling in summer. The heating in winter in the park is provided by ground source heat pump system, regenerative electric boiler system and solar energy air conditioning system. Its energy saving benefit is 3.995 million yuan/year which is the main source of energy saving income in the park, with remarkable energy saving effect.
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BATUBARA, DAMRI. "PENGARUH ZAKAT DAN CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY TERHADAP INCOME BANK UMUM SYARIAH DI INDONESIA PERIODE 2013-2018." DIRHAM Jurnal Ekonomi Islam 2, no. 1 (July 7, 2021): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.53990/djei.v2i1.97.
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In theory, the increase in bank financial income should automatically increase its zakat. This is because income is no longer a measure of company performance, but instead zakat is a measure of the company's financial performance. However, the reality that occurs in the financial data of Islamic Commercial Banks in Indonesia for 2013-2018 does not always increase the bank's income, automatically its zakat also increases. Likewise with the theory of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), when the income of a bank company increases automatically, Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) should also increase. However, in fact, in the financial data of Islamic Commercial Banks in Indonesia for 2013-2018, the increased bank income had no effect on the increase in their corporate social responsibility. This research is a quantitative research, the data source comes from secondary data in the form of time series and cross-section data from 2013-2018. The data analysis technique used panel data regression estimation method, with t test and f test. Which is analyzed using Eviews 9 Software. The results show that partially incame banking does not have a significant effect on zakat of Islamic Commercial Banks in Indonesia, partially corporate social responsibility has a significant effect on zakat of Islamic Commercial Banks in Indonesia. Meanwhile, simultaneously income banking and corporate social responsibility have a significant effect on zakat of Islamic Commercial Banks in Indonesia with a R2 value of 0.2092 or 20.92 percent, which means that 79.08 percent is influenced by other variables not discussed in this study.
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Baharsyah, Muhammad Fadlin. "Analisis Sumber-Sumber Pendapatan Daerah dan Pengaruhnya Terhadap Produk Domestik Regional Bruto Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur Tahun 2015-2019." Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi JIE 6, no. 1 (February 10, 2022): 70–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.22219/jie.v6i1.20188.
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Gross Regional Domestic Product (PDRB) is the amount of added value generated for all business and service areas in a region, applying the total value of final goods and services produced by all economic units. Gross Regional Domestic Product (PDRB) is influenced by the realization of income which is a fiscal policy adopted by regional governments. The purpose of this study was to determine the average source of regional income, analyze the influence of PAD, DAU and DAK on PDRB of Regency / City Government in East Nusa Tenggara. Based on the results of research regarding the Analysis of Regional Income Sources and Its Effect on the Gross Regional Domestic Product of the Province of NTT in 2015-2019, conclusions can be drawn, namely: PAD has a negative and insignificant effect on GRDP in districts/cities in NTT Province in 2015-2019, DAU has a positive and significant effect on GRDP in districts/cities in NTT Province in 2015-2019, DAK has a positive and significant effect on GRDP in districts/cities in NTT Province in 2015-2019
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Mawarni, Mawarni, Ngaliman Ngaliman, Bambang Satriawan, and Indrayani Indrayani. "THE EFFECT OF PROFESSIONALISM IN VILLAGE ASSET MANAGEMENT, OPTIMIZATION OF THE VILLAGE ASSETS UTILIZATION AND COMMUNITY EMPOWERMENT ON INCREASING VILLAGE ORIGINAL INCOME IN KUALA SEMPANG VILLAGE, SERI KUALA LOBAM DISTRICT, BINTAN REGENCY." International Journal of Social Science, Educational, Economics, Agriculture Research, and Technology (IJSET) 1, no. 4 (March 30, 2022): 189–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.54443/ijset.v1i4.21.
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This study aims to determine and describe how the influence of professionalism in managing village assets, optimizing the use of village assets and empowering the community so that it contributes to increasing village original income. The type of data used in this research is quantitative data. The data source in this research is secondary data. The object of this research is Kuala Sempang Village, Seri Kuala Lobam District, Bintan Regency. The results showed that the professionalism of village asset management had no significant effect on village original income, the optimization of the village assets utilization had a significant positive effect on village original income and community empowerment had no significant effect on village original income. So, in this study from the three variables only one variable has a significant positive effect on the village's original income.
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Mawarni, Mawarni, Ngaliman Ngaliman, Bambang Satriawan, and Indrayani Indrayani. "THE EFFECT OF PROFESSIONALISM IN VILLAGE ASSET MANAGEMENT, OPTIMIZATION OF THE VILLAGE ASSETS UTILIZATION AND COMMUNITY EMPOWERMENT ON INCREASING VILLAGE ORIGINAL INCOME IN KUALA SEMPANG VILLAGE, SERI KUALA LOBAM DISTRICT, BINTAN REGENCY." International Journal of Social Science, Educational, Economics, Agriculture Research, and Technology (IJSET) 1, no. 2 (January 29, 2022): 47–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.54443/ijset.v1i2.6.
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This study aims to determine and describe how the influence of professionalism in managing village assets, optimizing the use of village assets and empowering the community so that it contributes to increasing village original income. The type of data used in this research is quantitative data. The data source in this research is secondary data. The object of this research is Kuala Sempang Village, Seri Kuala Lobam District, Bintan Regency. The results showed that the professionalism of village asset management had no significant effect on village original income, the optimization of the village assets utilization had a significant positive effect on village original income and community empowerment had no significant effect on village original income. So, in this study from the three variables only one variable has a significant positive effect on the village's original income.
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Robertho, Valentino, and Buddi Wibowo. "Market Power, Types of Ownership and Bank Income Diversification: Cases of Asian Countries." Jurnal Dinamika Manajemen 9, no. 1 (June 9, 2018): 12–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/jdm.v9i1.14648.
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This study aims to analyze the effects of market power and type of ownership on bank’s income diversification in Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Thailand, and China. Banks diversifies their source of income to stabilize profitability level. Bank’s market power is a critical factor which affect its income diversification efforts. This study uses Lerner Index as a proxy for banks’ market power. By using a sample of 80 banks in five countries from 2012 to 2016 and operating Fixed Effect Model and Generalized Least Square, the result shows that banks with greater market power earn more non-interest income, except in the Philippines. Also, government ownership is proven to heighten the relation between market power and income diversification, with consistent results shown in each subsamples. Foreign ownership also heighten the relation between market power and income diversification, except in Thailand.
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Planas, M., A. Chamorro, A. Paltrinieri, S. Campos, A. Jiménez, K. Nedelec, and J. Hernández-Urcera. "Effect of diet on breeders and inheritance in syngnathids: application of isotopic experimentally derived data to field studies." Marine Ecology Progress Series 650 (September 17, 2020): 107–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps13315.
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Syngnathids are vulnerable ovoviviparous fishes in which males undergo repeated brooding within a reproductive season. The isotopic effects of diet on both breeders (pooled sexes) and parent-egg transmission have been demonstrated in a few fish species but never in syngnathids. Quantifying isotopic changes due to diet is necessary to assess parent-newborn conversions and to estimate accurate trophic enrichment factors (TEF). We assessed the isotopic (δ13C and δ15N) effects of 3 experimental diets on TEFs in seahorse Hippocampus guttulatus breeders and isotopic inheritance. Our results suggest that H. guttulatus follows an income-capital continuum pattern for parent-egg transmission. The isotopic variability in diets for breeders and the resulting experimentally derived TEFs were compared with fixed TEFs from reviews to estimate their impact on the relative contribution of potential prey sources in syngnathids from the Cíes archipelago (Atlantic Islands National Park, NW Spain). We estimated source contributions using stable isotope mixing models (SIMMs) by combining prey sources into ecologically informative groups and incorporating informative priors. We demonstrate that (1) most frequently used TEFs from reviews might not be suitable for all fish species, particularly syngnathids, and (2) dietary source variability has a great effect on source contribution estimates. This study is also the first to provide specific TEFs for syngnathids.
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Metekohy, Stellamaris. "DETERMINAN PENDAPATAN NELAYAN DI PULAU AMBON." Jurnal Cita Ekonomika 14, no. 1 (May 1, 2020): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.51125/citaekonomika.v14i1.2618.
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Ambon Island has potential fishery resources to be developed in the future because the fishing community on the coast is used as a source of income and the level of income depends on the catch. This study aims to determine the level of income of fishermen on the coast and the factors that influence it, including: capital factors, experience at sea, education level proxied by dummy variables and length of time at sea. The results obtained are that the factors of capital, fishing experience and education level have a positive and significant effect on fishermen's income, while the length of time at sea has no significant effect on fishermen's income. The analytical tool used is multiple regression analysis.
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Hindun, Hindun, Ady Soejoto, and Hariyati Hariyati. "Pengaruh Pendidikan, Pengangguran, dan Kemiskinan terhadap Ketimpangan Pendapatan di Indonesia." Jurnal Ekonomi Bisnis dan Kewirausahaan 8, no. 3 (December 19, 2019): 250. http://dx.doi.org/10.26418/jebik.v8i3.34721.
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This research aims to analyze the effect of education, unemployment, and poverty on income inequality in Indonesia, both partially and simultaneously. This research uses secondary data with a quantitative approach. The type of research used is the type of associative research. The variables in this study are education, unemployment, poverty, and income inequality — data source from BPS and the Ministry of Education and Culture. The data analysis technique used is panel data regression analysis with cross-section 34 provinces and time series for 2015-2018. The results of the research obtained the random effect model, the best models. The results of data analysis show that education and poverty had a partial effect on income inequality in Indonesia, while unemployment had not to affect income inequality. Simultaneously, education, unemployment, and poverty affect income inequality in Indonesia. However, education, unemployment, and poverty can only explain 22.37% of the effect on income inequality in Indonesia. The rest is influenced by factors outside the model.
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Ariwangsa, I. G. N. Oka, and Ni Wayan Sri Kariyani. "Tingkat pendapatan dan tingkat kepercayaan terhadap kepatuhan wajib pajak." Fair Value: Jurnal Ilmiah Akuntansi dan Keuangan 5, no. 5 (December 25, 2022): 2209–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.32670/fairvalue.v5i5.2408.
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In the life of the state, taxes play a critical role in development. This is because taxes are a source of income. Taxes in this case have an important role in the sustainability of the country, so the active participation of the taxpayer is needed. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of income levels and levels of trust on individual taxpayer compliance at KPP Gianyar. The research method used in this study was a descriptive quantitative research analysis method. The sampling technique used was accidental sampling, and 100 people were obtained. The data source is the primary data from the questionnaire. The data analysis technique is multiple linear regression analysis through the SPSS 26.0 application. The results show that the level of income and the level of trust have a significant positive effect on individual taxpayer compliance.
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Salim, Noor, Darwati Susilastuti, Henita Fajar Oktavia, and Safira Fathin. "Determinants of Technological Innovation on the Income of Urban Farming Farmers in the Digital Economy Era." AGRITROPICA : Journal of Agricultural Sciences 5, no. 2 (November 12, 2022): 50–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.31186/j.agritropica.5.2.50-61.
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The rapid growth of urbanization in urban areas raises doubts about the future of urban farming. However, urban farming can survive due to the ability of urban farming to innovate in expanding its functions in various factors that hinder it. Farmers as actors need to be empowered with various knowledge and technological innovations. The purpose of the study was to analyze the simultaneous and partial effect of variables on land area, risk-taking courage, farmer's age, and sources of information on technological innovation in urban farming farmers in the digital economy era, what factors are dominant, and analyze the effect of technological innovation on farmers' income—survey research method with OLS Multiple Regression of primary data analysis technique on 70 respondents. The result of the research is that the source of information has a significant effect on technological innovation and is the dominant factor with a value of β =57.6%. In contrast, the variables of land area, risk-taking courage, and age have no effect. Technological innovation has a significant impact on income. The research finding is that technological innovation in urban farming is not influenced by land area, age of farmers, and risk-taking courage but predominantly by sources of information that have implications for farmers' income.
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Toney, Jermaine, and Cassandra L. Robertson. "Intergenerational Economic Mobility and the Racial Wealth Gap." AEA Papers and Proceedings 111 (May 1, 2021): 206–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/pandp.20211113.
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A growing body of research documents the importance of wealth and the racial wealth gap in perpetuating inequality across generations. We examine the impact of wealth on child income. Our two-stage least squares regressions reveal that grandparental wealth has an important effect on the younger generation's stock, which in turn affects the younger generation's household income. We further explore the relationship between income and wealth by decomposing the child's income by race. We find that the intergroup disparity in income is mainly attributable to differences in family background. These findings indicate that wealth is an important source of income inequality.
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Novignon, Jacob. "Household income inequality in Ghana: a decomposition analysis." African Journal of Economic and Management Studies 8, no. 4 (December 4, 2017): 515–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ajems-03-2017-0045.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to decompose income inequality across various household income components and to estimate the marginal effects of changes in each of the income components on overall income inequality in Ghana. Design/methodology/approach Data were collected from the fifth and sixth rounds of the Ghana Living Standards Surveys. Gini coefficient was estimated and decomposed across structured income components. The marginal effects were obtained by computing the partial derivatives of the Gini coefficient with respect to a percentage change in a particular income source. Findings The results suggest that, in general, income inequality has increased marginally over the years (Gini coefficient of 0.66 in 2013 and 0.62 in 2006). Inequality was, however, higher in urban areas than in rural areas in 2013 with the reverse observed in 2006. The income component decomposition analysis suggests that wage employment income dominated household income in both rural and urban areas, even though the magnitude was higher in urban areas. Farm income was only dominant in rural communities in 2006. Self-employment and remittance income had consistent inequality reducing effects on total household income distribution. Originality/value The study goes beyond inequality studies in Ghana to estimate the marginal effect of income components on inequality. Such decomposition will allow for effective policy targeting in a resource-constrained developing country like Ghana.
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Yulio, Fakhri Harpin, and Rina Asmeri. "Influence Of Net Income And Current Ratio To Cash Dividends In Mining Companies Listed In Indonesia Stock Exchange Period 2012-2016." Dinasti International Journal of Economics, Finance & Accounting 2, no. 4 (September 25, 2021): 400–4012. http://dx.doi.org/10.38035/dijefa.v2i4.1335.
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This study aims to determine whether net income and current ratio significantly influence cash dividends in mining companies listed in the Indonesia Stock Exchange period 2012-2016 either partially or simultaneously. The type of data used in this study is quantitative data sourced from the company's financial statements. Data source in this research is secondary data. The population in this study is a manufacturing company coal mining of industrial sub sector listed in the Indonesia Stock Exchange amounted to 24 companies. The sampling technique used purposive sampling technique according to predetermined criteria. Based on predetermined criteria, there are 6 companies. The method of analysis used in this study is multiple linear regression analysis and hypothesis testing using t test and f test. The results of this study indicate that partially net income and current ratio significant effect on cash dividends. Simultaneously net income and current ratio have a significant effect on cash dividends.
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Isnanto, Amin, Istiqomah Istiqomah, and Suharno Suharno. "Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Penerimaan Pajak Penghasilan dalam APBN." Jurnal Ilmiah Universitas Batanghari Jambi 21, no. 2 (July 13, 2021): 832. http://dx.doi.org/10.33087/jiubj.v21i2.1436.
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The source of state revenue comes from taxes, the tax collected by tax collectors is then managed to become state expenditure for operational and development implementation of government and community affairs. One element of state income is the income tax. This study analyzes the relationship between state revenue, especially Income Tax, in the structure of the State Revenue Budget from several external factors such as inflation, the exchange rate of Indonesian rupiah (Rp.) to US dollar (US $), interest rates, and Indonesian crude oil price. From these factors, which one influences the growth of income tax revenue. The exchange rate of Indonesian rupiah (Rp.) to US dollar (US $) has a significant effect on income tax. Indonesian crude oil price, interest rates, and inflation have no effect on income taxes.
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Alkatiri, Ramlah, Nur Eng Mokodompit, and Riky Oktavianus. "The Effect of Motor Vehicle Tax on Regional Original Income (PAD) Bone Bolango District." Journal Dimensie Management and Public Sector 1, no. 2 (December 23, 2020): 40–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.48173/jdmps.v1i2.118.
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Tax is a source of state or regional income whose contribution is highly expected to finance development. One of the taxes that has the potential to become one of the sources to encourage local revenue is the Motor Vehicle Tax. This study aims to determine the effect of motorized vehicle tax on local revenue in Bone Bolango Regency. The results of the study show that the Motor Vehicle Tax (PKB) every year in the last 5 years (2015-2019) continues to increase in terms of realization achievement. Because it is able to make a real contribution to the PAD of Bone Bolango Regency. The results of the simple linear regression calculation and the calculation of the coefficient of determination show that the motor vehicle tax has a significant effect on PAD revenue as indicated by the value of RSquare = 0.784 or 78.4 percent. While the remaining 21.6 percent is influenced by other factors not examined. The test results are significant in the Summary Model table Sig = 0.046 > criteria (0.05) thus the regression equation model based on the research data is significant, meaning that the linear regression model meets the linearity criteria.
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Fetzer, Thiemo. "Can Workfare Programs Moderate Conflict? Evidence from India." Journal of the European Economic Association 18, no. 6 (February 5, 2020): 3337–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jeea/jvz062.
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Abstract Can public interventions persistently reduce conflict? Adverse weather shocks, through their impact on incomes, have been identified as robust drivers of conflict in many contexts. An effective social insurance system moderates the impact of adverse shocks on household incomes, and hence, could attenuate the link between these shocks and conflict. This paper shows that a public employment program in India, by providing an alternative source of income through a guarantee of 100 days of employment at minimum wages, effectively provides insurance. This has an indirect pacifying effect. By weakening the link between productivity shocks and incomes, the program uncouples productivity shocks from conflict, leading persistently lower conflict levels.
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Sri Damayanti Wulandari and Astri Furqani. "Pengaruh Partisipasi Masyarakat, Profesionalisme, dan Optimalisasi Pengelolaan Aset Desa Terhadap Pendapatan Asli Desa (Studi pada Desa dan Kelurahan di Kecamatan Kota Sumenep)." Jurnal Multidisiplin Madani 2, no. 7 (July 31, 2022): 3217–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.55927/mudima.v2i7.723.
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Efforts to increase Village Original Income are managing village assets professionally, utilizing village assets optimally and requiring community participation support. The fact is that there are still some villages whose asset inventories are less than optimal, thus triggering conflicts over village asset problems in the future. The type of data in this research is quantitative data, the data source of this research is primary data. The sample of this research was conducted in 12 villages, 4 sub-districts. The results of this study indicate that Community Participation and Optimization of Village Asset Utilization have no significant effect on Village Original Income. While the Professionalism of Village Asset Management has a positive effect on Village Original Income. Thus there is only one variable that has a positive and significant effect on Village Original Income.
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Simamora, Patar, and Deni Suryaman. "PENGARUH TINGKAT KEPATUHAN WAJIB PAJAK ORANG PRIBADI TERHADAP PENERIMAAN PAJAK PENGHASILAN ORANG PRIBADI PADA KPP PRATAMA CIBINONG." JIMFE (Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen Fakultas Ekonomi) 1, no. 1 (June 30, 2015): 25–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.34203/jimfe.v1i1.450.
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ABSTRACTTax is one source of state revenue is used to finance the household of the State and individual taxpayerswho have responsible as a taxpayer who will increase the number of admissions personal income tax, butit does not increase the acceptance of personal income tax, when in reality the level of complianceindividual taxpayers still perceived remains low during this time. The goals to be achieved is to determinethe Effect of Individual Taxpayer Compliance on the Personal Income Tax Revenue on KPP PratamaCibinong. The method I use is descriptive analysis method which defines Effect of Individual TaxpayerCompliance to the Personal Income Tax Revenue on KPP Pratama Cibinong. Based on the research thathas been done, the writer can conclude that the level of the individual taxpayer Kepatuihan effect onPersonal Income Tax Revenue In KPP Pratama Cibinong.Keywords: Level of Compliance, TIN Registered, submission of tax returns, Payment of Tax, Tax ReceiptsOP.
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Tri Asmi, Marlica, Rommy Qurniati, and Dwi Haryono. "Komposisi Tanaman Agroforestri Dan Kontribusinya Terhadap Pendapatan Rumah Tangga Di Desa Pesawaran Indah Kabupaten Pesawaran Lampung." Jurnal Sylva Lestari 1, no. 1 (April 2, 2014): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/jsl1155-64.
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Agroforestry is a land use management system by combining agriculture and forestry and or husbandry to achieved yield optimalization (Indriyanto, 2006). Agroforestry systems with mixed garden pattern consist various types of plants that perform a different composition of plants so there are varied incomes from one place to another. This study aims to: (1) identifying the composition of agroforestry based on INP and its effect on income, (2) analyze the composition of the contribution of agroforestry products to total farm household income. Methods of data collection for species composition using purposive sampling while for the respondent farmers using stratified random sampling. Data analysis using quantitative descriptive analysis method. The results showed that the largest contributes of the composition of plant in three zones, namely the upper, middle, and bottom obtained on the composition of IX which is located in the lower zone of Rp 23,127,404, -/ha/yr with highest INP of cocoa is 94.86%. The magnitude of the average farmer's total income from each source of income from agroforestry to Rp 36.992.171/ha/yr and non-agroforestry amounting to Rp 9.312.500/yr. The magnitude of the contribution of agroforestry systems to farmers' incomes Pesawaran Indah Villages of 91.44%, meaning that agroforestry provides a major contribution to the household income of farmers. Key words : agroforestry, composition of plants, contribution of agroforestry
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Mattarocci, Gianluca, and Georgios Siligardos. "Income return versus capital appraisal for real estate funds during the financial crisis." EuroMed Journal of Business 10, no. 1 (May 5, 2015): 66–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/emjb-01-2014-0005.
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Purpose – The overall performance of real estate funds can be ascribed to capital appreciation and/or income return. The Italian property funds market has grown significantly over the past few years; however, little is known about the key drivers of property fund performance. The purpose of this paper is to measure the impact of two sources of funds’ performance and identify their relevance during the financial crisis. Design/methodology/approach – The paper considers the Italian market in the last decade and analyses the annual reports of public real estate funds, separating appraisal returns from income returns. By considering a wide time horizon, it evaluates if the roles of income returns and capital gains with respect to overall performance are more or less influenced by fund characteristics, such as asset diversification, concentration, and leverage. Findings – The contribution of income return and capital growth are not strictly related to the overall performance of Italian real estate funds, with a significantly lower correlation during the global financial crisis. Furthermore, the main drivers of the two income sources are not strictly comparable. Originality/value – The paper presents the first analysis on the source of income return for the Italian real estate funds and it represents one of the few studies that considers the effect of the financial crisis on European indirect real estate investments, capital appreciation and income return.
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Kusrina, Bertilia Lina, and Putri Desti Fatwah Fatimah. "Liquidity, Profitability and Operational Costs on Corporate Income Tax." Ilomata International Journal of Tax and Accounting 2, no. 4 (October 31, 2021): 236–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.52728/ijtc.v2i4.335.
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Tax revenue is the largest source of income for the Indonesian state. One of the contributors to state revenue from the tax sector is corporate income tax. Financial performance is one measure of the success of a business entity which is expected to increase revenue from corporate income tax. This study aims to determine the effect of financial performance using variable liquidity ratios, profitability ratios, and operating costs on corporate income tax. The data used is secondary data, namely annual financial report data from large trading sub-sector companies (wholesale) listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for the 2014-2018 period. The analytical method used is multiple regression analysis. The results showed that partially profitability and operating costs have an effect on corporate income tax, while liquidity has no effect on corporate income tax. Simultaneously, liquidity, profitability and operating costs affect corporate income tax. Based on the results obtained that the ratio that affects corporate income tax is profitability and operating costs, so as an implication the internal party/management must be careful with the information presented in the financial statements which will have a negative impact on the users of financial statements, especially on operating costs.
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Tackie, Nii O., Jannette R. Bartlett, Akua Adu-Gyamfi, Francisca A. Quarcoo, and Mst Nusrat Jahan. "Impact of Socioeconomic Factors on Alabama Consumers’ Perceptions on Use of Chemicals in Livestock Products." Journal of Social Science Studies 3, no. 1 (November 17, 2015): 178. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jsss.v3i1.8385.
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<p>Production methods in livestock production have been a major source of contention in the public domain. This study focused on the impact of socioeconomic factors on Alabama consumers’ perceptions on the use of chemicals in livestock products. The data were obtained by using convenience sampling; the sample size comprised 432 respondents from South Central Alabama. They were analyzed using descriptive statistics and ordinal logistic analysis. The socioeconomic factors revealed a high proportion of middle-aged or younger persons, with moderate educational levels, and many had low to moderate annual household incomes. Most thought the use of chemicals (pesticides, antibiotics, growth stimulants or hormones, artificial fertilizers, additives and preservatives, and artificial coloring) in locally or regionally produced beef or goat meat was a serious or somewhat serious hazard. The ordinal logistic results revealed that education and household income had significant effects on use of antibiotics; education had a significant effect on the use of growth stimulants or hormones; education had a significant effect on use of additives and preservatives; and education and household income had significant effects on use of artificial coloring. It was recommended that producers and processors be encouraged to use minimum amounts of chemicals, especially the four afore-mentioned ones, in meat products.</p>
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Vasco, Cristian, and Richard Bilsborrow. "Aporte del empleo fuera de finca a los ingresos de hogares indígenas y mestizos de la Amazonía ecuatoriana." Economía Agraria y Recursos Naturales 16, no. 1 (June 17, 2016): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.7201/earn.2016.01.01.
Full textAbstract:
<p>This study examines the process of income diversification among indigenous and mestizo households settled in one of the world’s biodiversity hotspots. The results of a random-effect tobit model show that agricultural wage work is the principal income source for homes with scarce or no land. Self-employment employs households with low endowments of education but high endowments of capital. Non-agricultural wage income absorbs educated individuals either indigenous or mestizo. <em></em></p>
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Vasco, Cristian, and Richard Bilsborrow. "Aporte del empleo fuera de finca a los ingresos de hogares indígenas y mestizos de la Amazonía ecuatoriana." Economía Agraria y Recursos Naturales 16, no. 1 (June 17, 2016): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.7201/earn.2016.01.01.
Full textAbstract:
<p>This study examines the process of income diversification among indigenous and mestizo households settled in one of the world’s biodiversity hotspots. The results of a random-effect tobit model show that agricultural wage work is the principal income source for homes with scarce or no land. Self-employment employs households with low endowments of education but high endowments of capital. Non-agricultural wage income absorbs educated individuals either indigenous or mestizo. <em></em></p>