Relevant bibliographies by topics / Income and welfare dependency

Academic literature on the topic 'Income and welfare dependency'

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Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Income and welfare dependency"

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Xu, Yuebin, and Ludovico Carraro. "Minimum income programme and welfare dependency in China." International Journal of Social Welfare 26, no. 2 (November 22, 2016): 141–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ijsw.12247.

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Cheng, Tyrone Chiwai. "Welfare “Recidivism” among Former Welfare Recipients." Families in Society: The Journal of Contemporary Social Services 84, no. 1 (January 2003): 63–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1606/1044-3894.74.

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With welfare reform soundly launched and its effects already praised, it is time to examine its impact on former welfare recipients. A typology of adaptation to welfare—comprising dependency, supplementation, self-reliance, and autonomy—was developed based on former welfare recipients' financial status and employment status. An examination was also made of ways in which welfare recipients changed from more independent modes of adaptation (autonomy and self-reliance) to less independent modes (supplementation and dependency). Using longitudinal data extracted from a U. S. Department of Labor survey, event history analysis was applied to investigate changes in adaptation mode and factors contributing to these changes, among former welfare recipients across a period of 1 8 years. The investigation found that return to welfare was uncommon. Furthermore, the results show that nonpoor former recipients most often joined the ranks of the working poor because of welfare reform, ethnicity, education level, occupational skills, family income, housing subsidy, child care, and prior experience in welfare use. Some nonpoor former recipients who spent long spells in welfare returned to welfare because they suffered income reductions and needed food stamps. Working poor former recipients were likely to become nonpoor if they were married and had no need for child care or food stamps. Working poor White, single mothers with little work experience and little child support were likely to return to welfare and become further dependent on it.
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Ahlquist, John S., John R. Hamman, and Bradley M. Jones. "Dependency Status and Demand for Social Insurance: Evidence from Experiments and Surveys." Political Science Research and Methods 5, no. 1 (November 6, 2015): 31–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/psrm.2015.58.

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Current thinking on the origins and size of the welfare state often ignores household relations in which people may depend on others for income or have dependents themselves. The influence of “dependency status” on individuals’ political preferences is unknown. We report results from a laboratory experiment designed to estimate the effect of dependency on preferences for policies that insure against labor market risk. Results indicate that (1) willingness to vote in favor of a social insurance policy is highly responsive to unemployment risk, (2) symmetric, mutual dependence is unrelated to support for insurance, but (3) asymmetric dependence (being dependent on someone else) increases support for social insurance. We connect our lab results to observational survey data and find similar relationships.
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NOBLE, MICHAEL, SIN YI CHEUNG, and GEORGE SMITH. "Origins and Destinations – Social Security Claimant Dynamics." Journal of Social Policy 27, no. 3 (July 1998): 351–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047279498005327.

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This article briefly reviews American and British literature on welfare dynamics and examines the concepts of welfare dependency and ‘dependency culture’ with particular reference to lone parents. Using UK benefit data sets, the welfare dynamics of lone mothers are examined to explore the extent to which they inform the debates. Evidence from Housing Benefits data show that even over a relatively short time period, there is significant turnover in the benefits-dependent lone parent population with movement in and out of income support as well as movement into other family structures. Younger lone parents and owner-occupiers tend to leave the data set while older lone parents and council tenants are most likely to stay. Some owner-occupier lone parents may be relatively well off and on income support for a relatively short time between separation and a financial settlement being reached. They may also represent a more highly educated and highly skilled group with easier access to the labour market than renters. Any policy moves paralleling those in the United States to time limit benefit will disproportionately affect older lone parents.
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Kim, Jina B. "Cripping the Welfare Queen." Social Text 39, no. 3 (September 1, 2021): 79–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/01642472-9034390.

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Abstract Drawing together feminist- and queer-of-color critique with disability theory, this essay offers a literary-cultural reframing of the welfare queen in light of critical discourses of disability. It does so by taking up the discourse of dependency that casts racialized, low-income, and disabled populations as drains on the state, reframing this discourse as a potential site of coalition among antiracist, anticapitalist, and feminist disability politics. Whereas antiwelfare policy cast independence as a national ideal, this analysis of the welfare mother elaborates a version of disability and women-of-color feminism that not only takes dependency as a given but also mines the figure of the welfare mother for its transformative potential. To imagine the welfare mother as a site for reenvisioning dependency, this essay draws on the “ruptural possibilities” of minority literary texts, to use Roderick A. Ferguson’s coinage, and places Sapphire's 1996 novel Push in conversation with Jesmyn Ward's 2011 novel Salvage the Bones. Both novels depict young Black mothers grappling with the disabling context of public infrastructural abandonment, in which the basic support systems for maintaining life—schools, hospitals, social services—have become increasingly compromised. As such, these novels enable an elaboration of a critical disability politic centered on welfare queen mythology and its attendant structures of state neglect, one that overwrites the punitive logics of public resource distribution. This disability politic, which the author terms crip-of-color critique, foregrounds the utility of disability studies for feminist-of-color theories of gendered and sexual state regulation and ushers racialized reproduction and state violence to the forefront of disability analysis.
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ACHDUT, NETTA, and HAYA STIER. "Welfare-use Accumulation and Chronic Dependency in Israel: The Role of Structural Factors." Journal of Social Policy 49, no. 1 (December 19, 2018): 81–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047279418000843.

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AbstractContemporary welfare policies in many Western countries limit public assistance for the long-term unemployed and spur rapid movement into the labour market. These policies have substantially changed the trade-offs of employment and welfare-use behaviour, making employment far more attractive than welfare dependency. Despite this new reality, many welfare recipients circulate in and out of the welfare system and the low-wage labour market or become disconnected from both work and welfare. Drawing on longitudinal administrative data of single Israeli mothers who received Income Support Benefit in 2003, this study focuses on the role of structural factors, including local labour market conditions and local availability of subsidised child-care, in explaining the intensity of welfare receipt over a 51-month period. The results indicate notable diversity in welfare-use accumulation. Some mothers were classified as short- to mid-termer recipients while others showed a much more intensive use, and about a third were classified as chronically dependent. Local labour market conditions and their change over time played an important part in explaining welfare accumulation, while local child-care availability had no effect. Implications for policy are discussed.
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Greenberg, David H., Victoria Deitch, and Gayle Hamilton. "A Synthesis of Random Assignment Benefit-Cost Studies of Welfare-to-Work Programs." Journal of Benefit-Cost Analysis 1, no. 1 (July 14, 2010): 1–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2202/2152-2812.1005.

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AbstractOver the past two decades, federal and state policymakers have dramatically reshaped the nation’s system of cash welfare assistance for low-income families. During this period, there has been considerable variation from state to state in approaches to welfare reform, which are often collectively referred to as “welfare-to-work programs.” This article synthesizes an extraordinary body of evidence: results from 28 benefit-cost studies of welfare-to-work programs based on random assignment evaluation designs. Each of the 28 programs can be viewed as a test of one of six types of welfare reform approaches: mandatory work experience programs, mandatory job-search-first programs, mandatory education-first programs, mandatory mixed-initial-activity programs, earnings supplement programs, and time-limit-mix programs. After describing how benefit-cost studies of welfare-to-work programs are conducted and considering some limitations of these studies, the synthesis addresses such questions as: Which welfare reform program approaches yield a positive return on investments made, from the perspective of program participants and from the perspective of government budgets, and the perspective of society as a whole? Which approaches make program participants better off financially? In which approaches do benefits exceed costs from the government’s point of view? The last two of these questions coincide with the trade-off between reducing dependency on government benefits and ensuring adequate incomes for low-income families. Because the benefit-cost studies examined program effects from the distinct perspectives of government budgets and participants’ incomes separately, they address this trade-off directly. The article thus uses benefit-cost findings to aid in assessing the often complex trade-offs associated with balancing the desire to ensure the poor of adequate incomes and yet encourage self-sufficiency.
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CORRIGAN, OWEN. "Migrants, Welfare Systems and Social Citizenship in Ireland and Britain: Users or Abusers?" Journal of Social Policy 39, no. 3 (November 26, 2009): 415–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047279409990468.

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AbstractPublic discourse on migrant interactions with state welfare systems has often assumed exploitative motivations on the part of migrants, with charges of welfare tourism a recurring theme among segments of the political spectrum. Academic research has also tended to characterise migrant welfare utilisation in simple dichotomous terms where migrants are either ‘welfare dependent’ or not. This article argues for the analytic utility of disaggregating the concept of welfare utilisation into distinct component parts, denoting usage, participation and dependency with regard to state-provided cash welfare benefits. Using EU survey data, these distinct components of welfare utilisation among migrants are assessed in comparative cross-national context, comparing welfare and labour market outcomes for similar cohorts of migrants faced with dissimilar incentive structures. The results have direct implications for policy-makers, and for migrant experiences of social citizenship, in so far as they show little support for the moral hazard view of migrant interactions with welfare systems. Migrants in Ireland's relatively more generous welfare system are seen to have no greater likelihood of welfare dependency, and in fact show a lower usage of welfare (as a proportion of total income) than similar migrants in Britain, controlling for characteristics. Intriguingly, however, the likelihood of forming a partial labour market attachment is seen to respond to increasing levels of welfare usage in Ireland, but not in Britain, suggesting that migrants may be taking an active role in how they define their position in the work-welfare nexus in response to welfare system incentives.
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Cujbă, Vadim. "Marginalization risks of remittance dependant population of the Republic of Moldova." Homo et Societas 3 (2018): 28–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/25436104hs.18.003.12304.

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This article emphasizes the importance of remittances on Moldovan income and economic growth. As a result of the increase in the flow of migrants, remittances have become an important factor in the country‘s GDP (in 2017, 20.6% of GDP). According to the Household Budget Survey the income from remittances directly affects the welfare of Moldovan households. In this study, the dependency of marginalized categories of the population (families with many children, elderly people and rural population) on the remittances of Moldovan migrants is analyzed. In rural areas, remittances account for more than 20% of the average disposable income.
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FISHER, MONICA. "Household welfare and forest dependence in Southern Malawi." Environment and Development Economics 9, no. 2 (April 2, 2004): 135–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355770x03001219.

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This paper examines the role forests play in alleviating poverty in rural Malawi. Data from three villages in southern Malawi indicate high levels of forest dependence. Gini decomposition shows that access to forest income reduced measured income inequality at the study sites. Tobit analysis of the determinants of reliance on low-return and high-return forest activities indicates that asset-poor households are more reliant on forest activities compared with the better off; reliance on high-return activities is conditioned also by availability of adult male labor and location. Taken together, the study's findings suggest that forests prevent poverty by supplementing income, and may also help to improve the living standards of households that are able to enter into high-return forest occupations. Policy implications are discussed.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Income and welfare dependency"

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Hopkins, Erica. "Family Self-Sufficiency Program in Los Angeles County and Reduction in Welfare Dependency." ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/7662.

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This quantitative study explored the impact of the Family Self-Sufficiency (FSS) program on welfare dependency over time, by evaluating participant income 5 years after completing the FSS program. The study was guided using the framework of the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act, which initiated welfare reform in an effort to decrease dependency on government assistance; and the Quality Housing and Work Responsibility Act, the law that initiated Public housing reform by reducing the high concentration of poverty. The research question examined whether the FSS Program in Los Angeles County reduced dependency on welfare overtime. The sample size for this study included 256 participants who received housing assistance payments from the Los Angeles County Housing Authority between 2010 and 2019. The results of this study demonstrate that Los Angeles County FSS program graduates are indeed, self-sufficient over time, thus reducing dependency on welfare. Implications for positive social change imply that cities across the nation could experience a decrease in poverty while benefiting from increased tax revenue resulting from higher employment rates. Working adults tend to be less prone to crime if they are making decent wages that can provide for their family.
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Konigs, Sebastian. "The dynamics of social assistance benefit receipt." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:c8b4b576-eece-46f8-a3ea-d6b368b2f59f.

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This dissertation consists of three articles on social assistance benefit receipt dynamics in European countries. The first article presents an analysis of state dependence in benefit receipt in Germany based on annual survey data from the German Socio-Economic Panel. The observation period extends from 1995 to 2011, thus covering the 2005 'Hartz reforms'. I estimate a series of dynamic random-effects probit models to control for observed and unobserved heterogeneity and the endogeneity of initial conditions. The high observed state dependence has a substantial structural component, with benefit receipt one year ago being associated with an increase in the likelihood of receipt today by 13 percentage points. There is only little evidence for time-variation in state dependence. The second article presents evidence on spell durations and the frequency of repeat spells using monthly administrative data from Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway and Sweden. In the two Nordic countries, short-term benefit receipt is the norm, with only around 6% and 11% of spells in Norway and Sweden lasting longer than 12 months. Most recipients however have multiple spells. In Luxembourg and the Netherlands, long-term benefit receipt is frequent, with median spell durations of 14 and 9 months, respectively, and one-third and one-quarter of all spells lasting 24 months or longer. The total duration of benefit receipt across spells is much higher in the Netherlands and Luxembourg than in Norway and Sweden. The third article tests the validity of one of the central assumptions of dynamic discrete-choice models of benefit dynamics, the conditional Markov property. Using monthly administrative data from Norway, the article shows that the Markov property is violated as estimated state dependence is affected by the chosen time unit of analysis. The standard model can be improved by permitting for different entry and persistence equations and duration and occurrence dependence in benefit receipt.
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Hartley, Robert Paul. "ESSAYS ON INTERGENERATIONAL DEPENDENCY AND WELFARE REFORM." UKnowledge, 2017. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/economics_etds/29.

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This dissertation consists of three essays related to the effects of welfare reform on the intergenerational transmission of welfare participation as well as effects on labor supply and childcare arrangements. States implemented welfare reform at different times from 1992 to 1996, and these policies notably introduced work requirements and other restrictions intended to limit dependency of needy families. One mechanism reforms were intended to address was childhood exposure to a "culture" of ongoing welfare receipt. In Essay 1, I estimate the effect of reform on the transmission of welfare participation for 2961 mother-daughter pairs in the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID) over the period 1968-2013. I find that a mother's welfare participation increased her daughter's odds of participation as an adult by roughly 30 percentage points, but that welfare reform attenuated this transmission by at least 50 percent, or at least 30 percent over the baseline odds of participation. While I find comparable-sized transmission patterns in daughters' adult use of the broader safety net and other outcomes such as educational attainment and income, there is no diminution of transmission after welfare reform. In Essay 2, I estimate behavioral labor supply responses to reforms using experimental data from Connecticut's Jobs First welfare waiver program in 1996. Recent studies have used a distributional analysis of Jobs First suggesting evidence that some individuals reduce hours in order to opt into welfare, an example of behavioral-induced participation. However, estimates obtained by a semi-parametric panel quantile estimator allowing women to vary arbitrarily in preferences and welfare participation costs indicate no evidence of behavioral-induced participation. These findings show that a welfare program imposes an estimated cost up to 10 percent of quarterly earnings, and these costs can be heterogeneous throughout the conditional earnings distribution. Lastly, in Essay 3, I return to PSID data to examine the relationship between welfare spending on childcare assistance and the care arrangements chosen by low-income families. Experimental evidence has shown that formal child care can result in long-term socioeconomic gains for disadvantaged children, and work requirements after welfare reform have necessitated increased demand for child care among single mothers. I find that an increase of a thousand dollars in state-level childcare assistance per child in poverty increases the probability of formal care among low-earnings single-mother families by about 27 to 30 percentage points. When public assistance makes child care more affordable, families within the target population reveal a higher preference for formal care relative to informal, which may be related to perceived quality improvements for child enrichment and development.
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Arribas-Ayllon, Michael. "On the medicalisation of welfare : towards a genealogy of dependency." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2005. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/54255/.

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The thesis combines genealogical investigation with an 'analytics of government' to diagnose present reforms of Australian Social Security. The Australian example poses a new diagram of knowledge/power relations linked to early nineteenth century debates on pauperism and poor policy. Characteristic of 'advanced' liberal government, social welfare is transformed from an income redistribution scheme to a behaviour modification regime. This raises serious implications for contemporary citizenship, subjectification and the apparent flexibility of wage-labour. By re-tracing modern welfare's conditions of possibility, the present is reconstructed to breach the naturalness and self-evidence with which we accept the current crisis of welfare as problems of 'community', 'dependency' and 'participation'. The case is made that present control strategies rapidly recycle clients into flexible wage-labour via human technologies that seek the ethical and moral reconstruction of the poor. But diagnosis is a limited enterprise if it fails to consult the experiences of those to which these reforms are applied. A discursive analysis of 12 interview participants deemed 'at risk' of welfare dependency explores themes of labour market activity, welfare regulation and practices of freedom to understand how welfare subjects manage and transform their lives. Interviews confirm the existence of discourses that reinscribe distinctions between the deserving and undeserving poor, intensify stigma of welfare receipt, and increase ambivalence about labour market security. Furthermore, a psychological subject emerges as one of two positions: it reactivates the pathologies of abject sectors of the population, while shoring-up capacities for rational self- management. Arguably, psychology has become a key technology for the ethical reconstruction of conduct and the calculated management of risk. Discourses of poverty are now recast as problems of 'the excluded' as welfare rationalities monitor and prevent behaviours that lead to market passivity. Like early nineteenth century statements on poverty, citizenship is now conditional upon moral improvement. And while neo-classical solutions have succeeded in moving the welfare debate away from contradictions of political economy, welfare reform risks producing a sector of the population that is low paid, casualised, under-protected from risk, insecure and desocialised.
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Christopher, Yvonne M. "Welfare Dependency and Work Ethic: A Quantitative and Qualitative Assessment." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1495994092190171.

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Yang, Chung-Jen. "An empirical analysis of joint dependency of income and consumption /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 1997. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p9842575.

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Williams, Michael R. R. "Alcohol dependency and individual differences." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2013. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/57979/.

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This research dissertation is carried out on behalf of the Stauros Foundation, a Christian agency which endeavours to offer pastoral care and support to people with an alcohol dependency problem. The sample population consisted of 207 individuals who completed a questionnaire that covered five categories of interest, for example, background biographical, alcohol and family background, drinking habits, effects of drinking habits and perceived pastoral needs.
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Ivaškaitė-Tamošiūnė, Viginta. "Income redistribution in emerging welfare capitalism in Lithuania." Doctoral thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2013. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2013~D_20130220_160759-97225.

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This dissertation analyses changes in income redistribution through the lens of market-state (private-public) nexus. The main goal of the dissertation is to explore the impact of taxes and benefits on income redistribution among different population groups while aiming for social welfare in emerging welfare capitalism Lithuania. This dissertation analyses the changes in market income and primary income inequality among households and individuals. Changes in public opinion towards desirable income redistribution level and state’s role in distribution process during the last two decades are evaluated as well, stressing the demand for redistribution. Dissertation analyses the impact of taxes and benefits on disposable income inequality and consequences for different socio-economic groups. Relative importance, size and progressivity of redistributive instruments are evaluated. Changes in income redistribution are associated with the changes in tax-benefit legislation. Finally, considering the relative importance of taxes and benefits for income inequality, dissertation contributes to the on-going discussion on the kind of welfare regime forming in Lithuania.
Disertaciniame darbe, analizuojant gyventojų pajamų perskirstymo kaitą, akcentuojama analitinė valstybės – rinkos (viešo – privataus) skirtis. Pagrindinis disertacijos tikslas - ištirti mokesčiais ir socialinėmis išmokomis vykdomą pajamų perskirstymą besiformuojančiame gerovės kapitalizme Lietuvoje tarp skirtingų gyventojų grupių siekiant socialinės gerovės tikslų. Disertacijoje analizuojama, kaip keitėsi gyventojų rinkos pajamos ir jų nelygybė. Kartu parodoma ir gyventojų nuomonių dėl norimo pajamų pasiskirstymo ir didesnio ar mažesnio valstybės vaidmens kaita per du dešimtmečius, taip išryškinant poreikį pajamų perskirstymui. Darbe analizuojama, kaip valstybė socialinėmis išmokomis ir mokesčiais sumažina pirminę pajamų nelygybę ir koks yra poveikis skirtingoms gyventojų pajamų ir socialinėms ekonominėms gyventojų grupėms. Įvertinamas atskirų instrumentų dydis, progresyvumas ir kaita besiformuojančiame gerovės kapitalizme. Pajamų perskirstymo kaita siejama su mokesčių ir išmokų politikų pokyčiais. Galiausiai prisidedama prie mokslinės diskusijos, kokiam gerovės režimo tipui, pagal santykinį mokesčių ir išmokų vaidmenį perskirstant pajamas ir mažinant pirminių pajamų nelygybę, Lietuva galėtų būti priskirta.
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Yen, Wei-Ting Yen. "Unstable Income and the Welfare State in Asia." The Ohio State University, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1533388469470047.

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Engelhardt, Carina [Verfasser]. "Income, Inequality and the Welfare State / Carina Engelhardt." Hannover : Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1158670591/34.

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Books on the topic "Income and welfare dependency"

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United, States General Accounting Office Health Education and Human Services Division. Low-income families. Washington, D.C. (P.O. Box 37050, Washington 20013): The Office, 1995.

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United States. General Accounting Office. Health, Education, and Human Services Division. Low-income families. Washington, D.C. (P.O. Box 37050, Washington 20013): The Office, 1995.

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United States. General Accounting Office. Health, Education, and Human Services Division. Low-income families. Washington, D.C: The Office, 1995.

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United States. General Accounting Office. Health, Education, and Human Services Division. Low-income families. Washington, D.C. (P.O. Box 37050, Washington 20013): The Office, 1995.

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Welfare dependence and welfare policy: A statistical study. New York: Greenwood Press, 1988.

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Connecticut. General Assembly. Legislative Program Review and Investigations Committee. Connecticut's welfare reform initiative. Hartford: Connecticut General Assembly, Legislative Program Review and Investigations Committee, 2006.

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1946-, Kilty Keith M., Richardson Virginia E, and Segal Elizabeth A, eds. Income security and public assistance for women and children. New York: Haworth Press, 1997.

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Baicker, Katherine. Extensive or intensive generosity?: The price and income effects of federal grants. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 2001.

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Grogger, Jeff. The effects of time limits and other policy changes on welfare use, work, and income among female-headed families. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 2001.

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Moffitt, Robert. Has state redistribution policy grown more conservative?: AFDC, food stamps, and Medicaid, 1960-1984. [Madison]: University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1988.

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Book chapters on the topic "Income and welfare dependency"

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Segalman, Ralph, and David Marsland. "Welfare Dependency." In Cradle to Grave, 9–13. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-19869-6_2.

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Wright, Robert E., and Aleksandra Przegalińska. "Opposed: Dependency." In Debating Universal Basic Income, 95–98. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-17513-8_12.

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Ward, Clare, Angela Dale, and Heather Joshi. "Income Dependency within Couples." In Gender Relations in Public and Private, 95–120. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-24543-7_6.

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Glenn, Brian J. "Income Assistance." In The American Welfare State, 14–45. 2nd ed. New York: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003191254-2.

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Ng, Yew-Kwang. "The Optimal Distribution of Income." In Welfare Economics, 127–43. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781403944061_6.

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Tullock, Gordon. "General Welfare or Welfare for the Poor Only." In Economics of Income Redistribution, 101–14. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5378-2_6.

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Haggett, Paul. "Hatred of Dependency." In Emotional Life and the Politics of Welfare, 159–80. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230597815_9.

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Tillmann, Georg. "Income Equality and Income Taxation." In Models and Measurement of Welfare and Inequality, 396–418. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-79037-9_22.

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Wærness, Kari. "Dependency in the welfare state." In The Goals of Social Policy, 170–75. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003281672-12.

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Agell, Jonas, Peter Englund, and Jan Södersten. "Income Distribution." In Incentives and Redistribution in the Welfare State, 162–89. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-333-99485-6_7.

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Conference papers on the topic "Income and welfare dependency"

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Nişancı, Murat, Ziya Çağlar Yurttançıkmaz, Aslı Cansın Doker, and Ömer Selçuk Emsen. "The Relationships among Oil Prices, Export, Employment and Economic Growth in Transition Economies with Being High Dependency on Oil Revenue." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c07.01639.

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The argument of natural resources’ curse explains that natural resource wealth of the country, leading to a kind of inertia in the economy causes “spendthrift” position. Accordingly, in the first place, the discovery of natural resources and its price rise have positive repercussions on country’s income and welfare. In the long run, obtained this easy enrichment may well lead to remain barren of other sectors and also affect negatively on diversification of national income and export in natural resource-rich countries. In this study, along with the collapse of the former eastern bloc, the functioning of the argument of natural resources’ curse in the natural resources-rich four transition economies, as the subject of descriptive study was conducted. In the literature of natural resources’ curse, with creating crowding-out effect, natural resources income might well brake to the development of other sectors. In addition, this situation is defined such that with increasing weight of defense industry among other sectors in aggregate income and employment, also not transferred to the social and physical infrastructure investment, particularly in education. In this study, it is examined whether there is oil prices sensitivity on the export, employment, public expenditure and national income in natural resource-rich transition economies. From the analysis results, it can be said that there is significant movements between oil prices and chosen variables and considering those findings, strong/powerful of natural resources’ curse is on process for chosen transition economies.
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Licite-Kurbe, Lasma, and Liva Sevcuna. "Examination of the experience of work integration social enterprises in Latvia." In Research for Rural Development 2022 : annual 28th international scientific conference proceedings. Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/rrd.28.2022.028.

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In Latvia, the employment of persons with disability is two times lower than the European Union average, which indicates a marked social and income inequality in the country, as well as the dependence of such persons on national and local government support. One of the solutions for increasing the employment of people with disability is social entrepreneurship. In Latvia, 28% of a total of 189 social enterprises are work integration social enterprises, which mostly employ persons with disability. The research aims to examine the experience of work integration social enterprises in Latvia. To achieve the aim, the research performed a case study of three work integration social enterprises. It was found that the main goal of all the enterprises was to integrate people with disability into the labour market through their training and skills development. The main challenges of employing the target group were their insufficient level of education and poor professional skills, as well as the need to adapt the working environment and equipment. Depending on the degree and kind of disability, the workloads for such persons are also adapted. National, local government and other available support instruments for social enterprises are used to expand their operation, the most important of which are the grants administered by the Ministry of Welfare and the finance institution Altum, as well as a tax credit – a lower employer mandatory state social insurance contribution rate if employing people with disability
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Lee, Wankyeong, and Soongyu Kim. "The Effects of Middle School Student’s Depression on School Life Adaptation: the Mediating effect of Mobile Phone Dependency." In Welfare 2015. Science & Engineering Research Support soCiety, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.14257/astl.2015.119.11.

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Mimentza Martin, Janire. "CONSTITUTIONALITY OF BASIC INCOME IN GERMANY." In 6th International Scientific Conference ERAZ - Knowledge Based Sustainable Development. Association of Economists and Managers of the Balkans, Belgrade, Serbia, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31410/eraz.2020.295.

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At present, the precarious jobs do not assure the subsistence level, and the future forecasts “the end of work”. In addition, because of the defects and limits of the welfare systems, a rethinking of the social protection system is necessary: universal basic income seems to be the most popular option. However, basic income may represent a break with the traditional market rules: the model is inverted and the citizen gains “ freedom from work”, and not “through work”. This paradigm shift may represent a challenge for today’s model of social state based on the work ethic. Although the basic income is usually based on the idea of social reform, the perception of this study is that its implementation should be guided by a policy of small advances, which ultimately make possible a partial reform of the Social Security system, not its dismantling. This work shows that the German labour market, the Constitution, and the social state are not currently prepared for or in need of a universal Basic Income.
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Algan, Neşe, Erhan İşcan, and Duygu Serin Oktay. "The Effect of Technology Spillovers on Income Distribution: An Application on OECD Countries." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c11.02294.

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Ensuring a fair income distribution to increase social welfare is one of the main objectives of economic policies. With the acceleration of innovations in information and communication technology in the 20th century, the developments in technology have been characterized as the main reason for growth, welfare and productivity growth. However, rapid technological developments have revealed that significant changes in the dynamics of income inequalities occur at the same time. The growth in income inequality has increased significantly in many countries recently. Accordingly, the notion that the spread of technology has led to growth in income inequality has attracted attention in recent years. In the light of this information, the aim of the study is to reveal the impact of the spread of new technologies on income inequality and the factors underlying the income inequality dynamics. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to examine the impact of technology spillovers on income inequality of selected OECD countries including Turkey using panel data analysis. The data for all countries obtained from the World Bank’s Development Indicators and OECD. Stat. The empirical conclusion indicated the effect of the technology spillovers on income inequality. This empirical finding contributed to promote the existing literature, and also draws main attention of policymakers. Because, knowing the factors underlying income inequality, which is seen as an important economic and social problem, is important in determining effective policies to ensure a more equitable income distribution.
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Diop, Abdoulaye, Le Trung Kien, Buthaina AL Khelaifi, Haneen Al Qassass, Lina Bader, Engi El-Maghraby, and Semsia Al-Ali Mustafa. "Qatar’s Labor Law changes and Workers’ Welfare: Attitudes & Perceptions for a Sustainable Future." In Qatar University Annual Research Forum & Exhibition. Qatar University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.29117/quarfe.2021.0175.

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From September 22 2020 to January 19 2021, the Social and Economic Survey Research Institute (SESRI) at Qatar University surveyed 2,760 individuals, including Qatari nationals, higher-income and lower-income expatriates about Qatar’s recent Labor Law changes. The survey is based on a nationally representative sample interviewed by telephone in nine different languages. The survey shows that both Qataris and resident expatriates have a mostly positive perception of the recent Labor Law changes and their impact on Qatar’s economy and the working and living conditions of expatriates. However, the findings also indicate that public awareness surrounding the new legislative reforms remains low.
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Yang, Zheng. "Effects on Welfare Brought by Changes in Taxation - Focusing on Low-income Population in America." In 2017 International Conference on Education Science and Economic Management (ICESEM 2017). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icesem-17.2017.129.

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Satya, Venti Eka, Ratna Wulaningrum, and Muhammad Kadafi. "The Effect of Local Government Income on Community Welfare by Using Expenditures as Mediating Variable." In International Conference on Applied Science and Technology on Social Science 2021 (iCAST-SS 2021). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.220301.109.

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Turdalieva, Ainura, and Raziya Abdiyeva. "The Impact of Access to Irrigation on Rural Household Income in Kyrgyzstan." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c14.02666.

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Agriculture is the main source of income of households in rural area. Therefore, access to irrigation significantly impact the level of income of households. Consequently, the quality of irrigation infrastructure has essential effect on the level of household welfare and their economic performance. Improving water use efficiency and infrastructure will positively affect households’ income in rural areas. In this study we analyzed the impact of access to irrigation to household income in rural area by using of Life in Kyrgyzstan Survey data for the year of 2016. The effect of access to irrigation on income of households in Kyrgyzstan analyzed according to size of land, type of irrigation, amount of water used and cost of irrigation, gender, and age of household head by using ordinary least square regression model. Results showed that access to an irrigation canal and using the tillage method significantly increase household income.
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Vinogradova, Anna, Julia Grinevich, Alma Turganbayeva, Mokhinur Bakhramova, and Anna Troitskaya. "Impact of currency regulation on public welfare and economic security." In Human resource management within the framework of realisation of national development goals and strategic objectives. Dela Press Publishing House, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56199/dpcsebm.mohy2122.

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The research examines the role of currency regulation in ensuring economic security, and special emphasis is placed on the analysis of this issue from the point of view of public welfare. Income growth as a source of human capital development is impossible without effective state regulation at the current stage of economic development. Regular changes in Russia’s foreign economic activity, economic and political problems at the national and international levels, and the widespread use of modern technology pose a threat to both national and economic security. All this creates the need for regular analysis of statistics on individual indicators, including the detection of violations of currency legislation. The study also analyzed the issue of legal and illegal capital outflows and their impact on the economy; it was determined that the outflow of funds due to legal transactions exceeds illegal ones by many times. This fact underscores the need to introduce measures to minimize net outflows. The factor that determines people’s standard of living has been chosen GDP (PPP) per capita, and reflected the impact of the foreign exchange market on public welfare using regression analysis. The results also explain the import substitution policy of the Central Bank.
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Reports on the topic "Income and welfare dependency"

1

Krebs, Tom, Pravin Krishna, and William Maloney. Income Mobility, Income Risk and Welfare. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, July 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w23578.

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Borjas, George, and Glenn Sueyoshi. Ethnicity and the Intergenerational Transmission of Welfare Dependency. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, September 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w6175.

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Riise, Julie, Rita Ginja, and Signe A. Abrahamsen. School health programs: education, health, and welfare dependency of young adults. The IFS, July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1920/wp.ifs.2021.2021.

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Krebs, Tom, Pravin Krishna, and William Maloney. Trade Policy, Income Risk, and Welfare. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, April 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w11255.

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Astudillo, Karen, Vicente Fretes Cibils, Carola Pessino, and Darío Rossignolo. Making the Invisible Visible: Applying a Gender Perspective To Strengthen Tax Policy in Latin America and the Caribbean. Inter-American Development Bank, July 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0004350.

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Latin American and Caribbean countries have made efforts to ensure that fiscal policies do not cause biases toward women. However, depending on where the tax burden falls, taxes do create gender biases. This technical note has two purposes. First, it provides evidence of how womens economic participation, care responsibilities, and consumption patterns enter into a countrys tax systems, generating invisible biases. Second, it summarizes the main lessons learned through cross-country comparisons that analyze the impact of direct and indirect taxes on gender equality, the progressivity of the tax systems using both income and expenditure as welfare measures, and the impact of tax systems and tax reforms on households depending on their composition and across the income distribution. The note also provides policy recommendations and good practices that will add to the regions efforts to strengthen fiscal policy taking a gender perspective into account. There is no unique approach to achieving gender equity only through gender-sensitive fiscal policies; rather, the path to change will likely be highly dependent on the balance struck between differing political and economic factors and interests. However, should Latin American and the Caribbean countries take on this challenge, not only could they generate more revenue in the future, but the changes should contribute to sustained and inclusive growth, with greater gender equality.
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Meyer, Bruce, and James Sullivan. Consumption, Income, and Material Well-Being After Welfare Reform. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, January 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w11976.

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Baqaee, David, and Ariel Burstein. Welfare and Output with Income Effects and Taste Shocks. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, May 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w28754.

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Schoeni, Robert, and Rebecca Blank. What has Welfare Reform Accomplished? Impacts on Welfare Participation, Employment, Income, Poverty, and Family Structure. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, March 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w7627.

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Shattuck, Paul. Evaluating Modernization and Dependency Explanations of the Unequal Distribution of Income in Developing Countries. Portland State University Library, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.7264.

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Komlos, John. Growth of income and welfare in the U.S, 1979-2011. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, April 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w22211.

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